PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
2556267-6	1989	We have found that the characteristics of the 18 bp binding factor from human fibroblasts are indistinguishable from NF-kappa B induced by phorbol ester plus mitogen treatment of T lymphocytes, as determined by gel mobility shift assay as well as protection of the binding site from chemical cleavage.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	117-127
2556478-1	1989	Participation of cAMP and protein kinase C in the effects of IFN-gamma and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	17-21
2556478-1	1989	Participation of cAMP and protein kinase C in the effects of IFN-gamma and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-42
2574829-2	1989	Lymphocytes do not adhere spontaneously; activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters, however, gives rise to strong LFA-1-dependent adhesion, indicating that activation of LFA-1 is required to induce cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	127-132
2574536-4	1989	Phorbol ester can directly induce cultured keratinocyte (KC) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression via a protein kinase C (PK-C)-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	96-102
2695275-4	1989	In vitro mechanisms of PKC regulation by phospholipid, DAG, and phorbol esters have been studied using mixed micelles of Triton X-100/lipids.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	23-26
2695275-7	1989	Sphingosine and lysosphingolipids are potent inhibitors of PKC that prevent its interaction with DAG/phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	59-62
2555361-9	1989	Phosphoamino acid analysis of EGF receptor from 32P-equilibrated ME-180 cells demonstrated that TNF-induced phosphorylation of amino acids which was quantitatively similar to that of EGF but distinct from the effects of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	220-233	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	96-99
2557924-2	1989	p68 undergoes rapid, cation-independent phosphorylation in unstimulated membrane vesicles which was inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, by insulin, platelet-derived growth factor, macrophage colony stimulating factor, protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. Epidermal growth factor had no effect on overall p68 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	249-263	KH RNA binding domain containing, signal transduction associated 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
2557924-2	1989	p68 undergoes rapid, cation-independent phosphorylation in unstimulated membrane vesicles which was inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, by insulin, platelet-derived growth factor, macrophage colony stimulating factor, protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. Epidermal growth factor had no effect on overall p68 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	249-263	insulin	Homo sapiens	142-149
2574536-4	1989	Phorbol ester can directly induce cultured keratinocyte (KC) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression via a protein kinase C (PK-C)-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	121-137
2574536-4	1989	Phorbol ester can directly induce cultured keratinocyte (KC) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression via a protein kinase C (PK-C)-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	139-143
2637248-1	1989	Tumor promoting phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), significantly enhanced the growth of human gastric cancer cell line TMK-1, whilst activating protein kinase C. The time course of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to TMK-1 cells after TPA treatment showed a decrease in the number of EGF receptors on TMK-1 cells within 3 hr.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	242-270
2637248-1	1989	Tumor promoting phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), significantly enhanced the growth of human gastric cancer cell line TMK-1, whilst activating protein kinase C. The time course of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to TMK-1 cells after TPA treatment showed a decrease in the number of EGF receptors on TMK-1 cells within 3 hr.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	272-275
2637248-1	1989	Tumor promoting phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), significantly enhanced the growth of human gastric cancer cell line TMK-1, whilst activating protein kinase C. The time course of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to TMK-1 cells after TPA treatment showed a decrease in the number of EGF receptors on TMK-1 cells within 3 hr.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	355-358
2627942-1	1989	We examined cytoplasmic intermediate filaments (IFs) and the nuclear lamina in cells of the mouse plasmacytoma cell line MPC-11 (lacking both IF proteins and lamins A and C) after induction of vimentin synthesis with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) by means of whole-mount immunogold electron microscopy (IEM).	Phorbol Esters	221-234	vimentin	Mus musculus	193-201
2637248-4	1989	These findings suggest that tumor promoting phorbol esters stimulate the cell growth through activation of protein kinase C and modification of EGF receptor of human gastric cancer cell line TMK-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	144-147
2556442-4	1989	IL-3 expression could also be induced by costimulation of T cells with both phorbol ester and ionomycin, which are thought to mimic the intracellular effects of T cell receptor-antigen interaction.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	0-4
2592429-9	1989	This was specific for the nucleotide receptor since a response to bradykinin was not affected by the ATP pretreatment, although pretreatment with phorbol ester inhibited responses to both the nucleotides and bradykinin.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	208-218
2573636-0	1989	Phorbol esters regulate CD2- and CD3-mediated calcium responses in peripheral blood-derived human T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	24-27
2685108-0	1989	Cell type-specific control of human neuronectin secretion by polypeptide mediators and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	tenascin C	Homo sapiens	36-47
2511437-5	1989	The 115-base pair (bp) region from -225 to -111 in the IL-6 5"-flanking region, which shares nucleotide sequence similarity with the c-fos serum response (SRE) and adjacent AP-1-like (the CGTCA motif) elements, confers responsiveness to several reagents, including serum, forskolin, and phorbol ester, upon the heterologous herpesvirus thymidine kinase (TK) promoter.	Phorbol Esters	287-300	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	55-59
2685124-5	1989	After exposure to phorbol ester, epidermotropic clones with high levels of LFA-1 did not show any further up-regulation of LFA-1.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	integrin beta 2	Mus musculus	75-80
2601687-0	1989	H-7, a protein kinase C inhibitor, inhibits phorbol ester-caused ornithine decarboxylase induction but fails to inhibit phorbol ester-caused suppression of epidermal growth factor binding in primary cultured mouse epidermal cells.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	65-88
2482456-6	1989	By contrast, the stimulations of the PRL gene expression induced by TRH or by the phorbol ester TPA were not abolished by the calcium channel antagonist PN 200-110 whereas treatments combining TRH or TPA with BAY K8644 revealed the absence of any additive effect.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
2511437-5	1989	The 115-base pair (bp) region from -225 to -111 in the IL-6 5"-flanking region, which shares nucleotide sequence similarity with the c-fos serum response (SRE) and adjacent AP-1-like (the CGTCA motif) elements, confers responsiveness to several reagents, including serum, forskolin, and phorbol ester, upon the heterologous herpesvirus thymidine kinase (TK) promoter.	Phorbol Esters	287-300	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	133-138
2511437-8	1989	A single copy of AR1 inserted upstream of the herpesvirus TK promoter rendered this heterologous promoter inducible by IL-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor, and serum as well as by activators of the protein kinase A (forskolin) and protein kinase C (phorbol ester) signal transduction pathways.	Phorbol Esters	247-260	transcription factor 20	Homo sapiens	17-20
2633049-0	1989	Heterogeneity in the electrophoretic mobility of CD5 molecules after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	49-52
2633049-4	1989	When immunoprecipitated from phorbol ester-stimulated P32 labelled PBMC lysates, the slower mobility of CD5 molecules was associated to important phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	104-107
2633049-5	1989	This special electrophoretic behaviour after phorbol ester-stimulation makes CD5 different from other lymphocyte surface glycoproteins and may have important implications in the elucidation of the biological role of this molecule as discussed below.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	77-80
2511437-9	1989	Mutations in the AP-1-like site within AR1 (CGTCA----GTTCA) decreased inducibility of the chimeric IL-6/TK/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene by phorbol ester and by forskolin but not by serum, IL-1 alpha, or tumor necrosis factor.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	transcription factor 20	Homo sapiens	39-42
2511437-9	1989	Mutations in the AP-1-like site within AR1 (CGTCA----GTTCA) decreased inducibility of the chimeric IL-6/TK/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene by phorbol ester and by forskolin but not by serum, IL-1 alpha, or tumor necrosis factor.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	99-103
2511437-9	1989	Mutations in the AP-1-like site within AR1 (CGTCA----GTTCA) decreased inducibility of the chimeric IL-6/TK/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene by phorbol ester and by forskolin but not by serum, IL-1 alpha, or tumor necrosis factor.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	198-208
2628729-10	1989	This sequence is identical to the cAMP- and phorbol ester-inducible DNA fragment found in human preproenkephalin gene.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	proenkephalin	Homo sapiens	96-112
2556140-0	1989	Long-term phorbol ester treatment dissociates phospholipase D activation from phosphoinositide hydrolysis and prostacyclin synthesis in endothelial cells stimulated with bradykinin.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	170-180
2480111-5	1989	The tumour promoting phorbol ester, 4 beta-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, also inhibited 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated osteocalcin production.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein	Homo sapiens	107-118
2611232-0	1989	Differences in the effects of phorbol esters and diacylglycerols on protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	68-84
2611232-9	1989	These properties differed markedly from phorbol esters which activated PKC in a reversible complex but also promoted constitutive PKC activation by forming the irreversible PKC-membrane complex.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-74
2611232-9	1989	These properties differed markedly from phorbol esters which activated PKC in a reversible complex but also promoted constitutive PKC activation by forming the irreversible PKC-membrane complex.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
2611232-9	1989	These properties differed markedly from phorbol esters which activated PKC in a reversible complex but also promoted constitutive PKC activation by forming the irreversible PKC-membrane complex.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
2611232-10	1989	The concentration of phorbol esters needed to generate the irreversible PKC-membrane complex was slightly higher than the concentration needed to activate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	72-75
2611232-10	1989	The concentration of phorbol esters needed to generate the irreversible PKC-membrane complex was slightly higher than the concentration needed to activate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	155-158
2611232-11	1989	In addition, high concentrations of phorbol esters (greater than or equal to 50 nM) activated PKC and induced irreversible PKC-membrane binding in the absence of calcium.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	94-97
2611232-11	1989	In addition, high concentrations of phorbol esters (greater than or equal to 50 nM) activated PKC and induced irreversible PKC-membrane binding in the absence of calcium.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	123-126
2611232-12	1989	Despite these striking differences, DAG prevented binding of phorbol esters to high-affinity sites on the PKC-membrane complex.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	106-109
2690823-1	1989	The tumour-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induces insulin secretion from isolated pancreatic islets, and this suggests a potential role for protein kinase C in the regulation of stimulus-secretion coupling in islets.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	insulin	Homo sapiens	86-93
2530225-3	1989	Leukosialin phosphorylation was increased 2.5-15-fold following phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	LOC105369247	Homo sapiens	0-11
2590187-0	1989	Phorbol esters inhibit apoptosis in IL-2-dependent T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	36-40
2590187-1	1989	The effect of phorbol esters on the proliferation and survival of interleukin-2(IL-2)-dependent cells was studied using an IL-2-dependent T cell line (CTLL-2) and blasts of BALB/c mouse spleen cells stimulated with Concanavalin A.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	66-79
2590187-1	1989	The effect of phorbol esters on the proliferation and survival of interleukin-2(IL-2)-dependent cells was studied using an IL-2-dependent T cell line (CTLL-2) and blasts of BALB/c mouse spleen cells stimulated with Concanavalin A.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	80-84
2808430-0	1989	Activation of the second promoter of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene by transforming growth factor-beta 1 and phorbol ester occurs through the same target sequences.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-74
2808430-1	1989	Two distinct regions of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) promoter are responsive to autoregulation and activation by phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate): sequences located between nucleotides -454 to -323 (first promoter) and between the two transcriptional start sites.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	28-61
2808430-1	1989	Two distinct regions of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) promoter are responsive to autoregulation and activation by phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate): sequences located between nucleotides -454 to -323 (first promoter) and between the two transcriptional start sites.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	63-73
2808430-2	1989	We have now characterized in detail the induction of the second promoter (sequences between nucleotides + 1 to +271) of the TGF-beta 1 gene by both TGF-beta 1 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	124-134
2808430-6	1989	These results suggest that AP-1, which is capable of conferring phorbol ester or TGF-beta 1 responsiveness, is the major transcription factor involved in the second promoter-derived transcription of the TGF-beta 1 gene.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	27-31
2808430-6	1989	These results suggest that AP-1, which is capable of conferring phorbol ester or TGF-beta 1 responsiveness, is the major transcription factor involved in the second promoter-derived transcription of the TGF-beta 1 gene.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	203-213
2590187-6	1989	Taken together, our results suggest that the tumor promoters phorbol esters inactivate in T cells the mechanism of cell elimination triggered by IL-2 deprivation and may help to explain why transformation of T cells decreases or even abolishes their requirements of IL-2 for survival and growth.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	145-149
2590187-6	1989	Taken together, our results suggest that the tumor promoters phorbol esters inactivate in T cells the mechanism of cell elimination triggered by IL-2 deprivation and may help to explain why transformation of T cells decreases or even abolishes their requirements of IL-2 for survival and growth.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	266-270
2553812-5	1989	However, induction of the macrophage phenotype by pretreatment of ML-3 cells with the phorbol ester, PMA, followed by HCMV challenge, resulted in a greatly extended period of expression of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, MAD-9, and CSF-1 but not MAD-6 and MAD-2.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	189-198
2555220-0	1989	A type 2A protein phosphatase dephosphorylates the elongation factor 2 and is stimulated by the phorbol ester TPA in mouse epidermis in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	51-70
2516503-3	1989	It appeared that these differences reflected mainly differences in the inducibility of the expression of the gene for the alpha chain of the IL2 receptor (IL2R) by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain	Mus musculus	141-153
2508793-1	1989	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC), as revealed by phosphorylation of a 47 kd protein (p47), occurs in platelets stimulated by some agonists (eg, thrombin or phorbol esters).	Phorbol Esters	160-174	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	89-92
2805073-4	1989	A combination of phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore was very efficient in all clones tested (17/17) in inducing transcription of the IL-2 gene.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	135-139
2516503-3	1989	It appeared that these differences reflected mainly differences in the inducibility of the expression of the gene for the alpha chain of the IL2 receptor (IL2R) by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain	Mus musculus	155-159
2808540-4	1989	Phorbol esters, potent activators of PKC, augment secretion of the T-cell growth factor, interleukin 2 (IL2).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	89-102
2530248-5	1989	These studies showed that protein kinase C (PKC) activating phorbol esters and the synthetic diacylgylcerol analogue, DiC8, synergize with either Th cells or rIL-4 in CD23 expression, while under no experimental condition does increasing B cell [Ca2+]i with ionomycin enhance CD23 expression.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	158-163
2530248-5	1989	These studies showed that protein kinase C (PKC) activating phorbol esters and the synthetic diacylgylcerol analogue, DiC8, synergize with either Th cells or rIL-4 in CD23 expression, while under no experimental condition does increasing B cell [Ca2+]i with ionomycin enhance CD23 expression.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	167-171
2530248-5	1989	These studies showed that protein kinase C (PKC) activating phorbol esters and the synthetic diacylgylcerol analogue, DiC8, synergize with either Th cells or rIL-4 in CD23 expression, while under no experimental condition does increasing B cell [Ca2+]i with ionomycin enhance CD23 expression.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	276-280
2530301-3	1989	Transfection analysis shows that a 60-bp fragment encompassing this site is preferentially active in T cells stimulated with phorbol esters or the HTLV-1 tax gene product compared with a B cell line that constitutively expresses NF-kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	229-239
2514239-9	1989	These data demonstrate a stimulatory effect of EGF on inhibin production by isolated seminiferous tubules which is inhibited by insulin and phorbol esters, both stimulators of protein kinase C activity.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
2517125-3	1989	The depressed IL-2 production by SLE T cells are largely reversed by the addition of either phorbol ester (PMA) or partially by a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
2808540-4	1989	Phorbol esters, potent activators of PKC, augment secretion of the T-cell growth factor, interleukin 2 (IL2).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	104-107
2808540-6	1989	We have determined whether IL2 secretion can be induced in the murine cell T-lymphocyte line LBRM 331A5, where PKC is inhibited by staurosporine or sphingosine or in cells where PKC is depleted by prolonged incubation with high concentrations of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	246-260	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	27-30
2553814-0	1989	Synergistic effects of phorbol ester and INF-gamma on the induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	71-98
2573952-2	1989	The addition of phorbol ester PMA, which activates Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme protein kinase C, or calcium ionophore A23187, which increases intracytosolic free Ca2+ concentration, enhanced, but did not normalize, the defective anti-CD2-mediated T-cell mitogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	241-244
2553814-6	1989	Because phorbol esters are known to induce many enzymes in cells, most likely through the activation of protein kinase C, the effects of PMA on the induction of IDO were determined.	Phorbol Esters	8-22	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
2557544-7	1989	Phorbol ester treatment of intact T cells before membrane isolation caused p56lck to migrate as pp60lck; however, pp60lck could be clearly distinguished from the pp60 in lpr cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	75-81
2557544-7	1989	Phorbol ester treatment of intact T cells before membrane isolation caused p56lck to migrate as pp60lck; however, pp60lck could be clearly distinguished from the pp60 in lpr cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	170-173
2531463-5	1989	We show that CD43 was rapidly superphosphorylated (within minutes) on serine residues following addition of phorbol ester (PMA) to peripheral blood lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	sialophorin	Homo sapiens	13-17
2813410-7	1989	Mutation of the 11-bp IL-2R alpha NRE core element, which disrupted protein binding, significantly augmented basal as well as Tax protein- or phorbol ester-induced IL-2R alpha promoter activity in vivo, suggesting that SP-50 functions as a transcriptional silencer.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	22-33
2813410-7	1989	Mutation of the 11-bp IL-2R alpha NRE core element, which disrupted protein binding, significantly augmented basal as well as Tax protein- or phorbol ester-induced IL-2R alpha promoter activity in vivo, suggesting that SP-50 functions as a transcriptional silencer.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	164-175
2801921-1	1989	Previous studies determined that direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters increases the number of angiotensin II (ANG II)-specific binding sites in neuronal cultures prepared from the hypothalamus and brain stem of 1-day-old rats.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	121-135
2777796-2	1989	We have demonstrated previously that cultured rat ovarian granulosa cells synthesize and secrete apoE, and this production of apoE is increased by agents that stimulate protein kinase A (cyclic AMP-dependent enzyme) (for example, cholera toxin) and protein kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme) (for example, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a phorbol ester).	Phorbol Esters	357-370	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
2801921-1	1989	Previous studies determined that direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters increases the number of angiotensin II (ANG II)-specific binding sites in neuronal cultures prepared from the hypothalamus and brain stem of 1-day-old rats.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	137-143
2477086-10	1989	Functional activation of monocytes and granulocytes with phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharide, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) increase c-jun expression.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	134-139
2801921-3	1989	In the present study we have examined whether stimulation of IP hydrolysis, and presumably activation of PKC, can mimic the actions of phorbol esters on ANG II-specific binding.	Phorbol Esters	135-149	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	153-159
2801921-5	1989	Incubation of neuronal cultures with norepinephrine (NE) at concentrations (greater than 5 microM) and for times (15-60 min) that cause large increases in IP hydrolysis caused increases in the number of ANG II-specific binding sites, mimicking the actions of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	259-273	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	203-209
2670202-0	1989	Absence of phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of myc protein in the phorbol ester-tolerant mutant of HL-60 promyelocytes.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	52-55
2670202-0	1989	Absence of phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of myc protein in the phorbol ester-tolerant mutant of HL-60 promyelocytes.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	52-55
2670202-7	1989	In this paper, we show that exposing phorbol ester-sensitive (S) HL-60 cells to TPA caused the disappearance of the c-myc protein antigen (detected on Western blots) in 4 h, whereas TPA had no effect on the c-myc protein content of PET cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	116-121
2679391-2	1989	They exhibited remarkably different metastatic behavior after intravenous injections of their v-src transformants into nude mice; phorbol ester-resistant variant TR 4 cells transformed by v-src were hyper-metastatic, whereas v-src transformants of phorbol ester sensitive variant TR 5 cells were not metastatic at all.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	96-99
2478272-5	1989	When the cells were treated with a phorbol ester (TPA), the down-regulation of ODC was preceded by a transient increase in the steady-state levels of this RNA.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
2679391-2	1989	They exhibited remarkably different metastatic behavior after intravenous injections of their v-src transformants into nude mice; phorbol ester-resistant variant TR 4 cells transformed by v-src were hyper-metastatic, whereas v-src transformants of phorbol ester sensitive variant TR 5 cells were not metastatic at all.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	190-193
2679391-2	1989	They exhibited remarkably different metastatic behavior after intravenous injections of their v-src transformants into nude mice; phorbol ester-resistant variant TR 4 cells transformed by v-src were hyper-metastatic, whereas v-src transformants of phorbol ester sensitive variant TR 5 cells were not metastatic at all.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	190-193
2606915-4	1989	The protein kinase activity of nPKC epsilon is activated by phospholipids and diacylglycerols (or phorbol esters) in a manner similar to conventional PKCs.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	31-43
2550367-7	1989	Enhanced fungicidal activity by PB-PMNs from mice treated for 5 h with 25,000 U of IFN correlated with an increased release of superoxide anion (O2-) in vitro after stimulation of PB-PMNs with phorbol ester; normal PB-PMNs and IFN-activated PB-PMNs, respectively, produced 2.2 +/- 2.5 and 23.5 +/- 4.8 nmol of O2- per 10(6) PB-PMNs per 30 min (P less than 0.005).	Phorbol Esters	193-206	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	83-86
2674282-4	1989	Our results demonstrate that the phorbol diester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, can stimulate GM-CSF transcription via sequences located within 53 bp upstream of the GM-CSF cap site.	Phorbol Esters	33-48	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	102-108
2507555-2	1989	We have previously shown that agents capable of activating protein kinase C (PKC), such as FGF and the phorbol ester tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), inhibit the differentiation of the adipogenic cell line TA1, as measured by the rapid loss of adipocyte-specific RNAs.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	trace amine associated receptor 1	Homo sapiens	213-216
2482322-0	1989	Induction of acetyl-LDL receptor activity by phorbol ester in human monocyte cell line THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	scavenger receptor class F member 1	Homo sapiens	13-32
2482322-0	1989	Induction of acetyl-LDL receptor activity by phorbol ester in human monocyte cell line THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	87-92
2674282-4	1989	Our results demonstrate that the phorbol diester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, can stimulate GM-CSF transcription via sequences located within 53 bp upstream of the GM-CSF cap site.	Phorbol Esters	33-48	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	174-180
2482208-0	1989	Phorbol ester stimulates prolactin release but reduces prolactin mRNA in the human B-lymphoblastoid cell line IM-9-P3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	25-34
2482208-0	1989	Phorbol ester stimulates prolactin release but reduces prolactin mRNA in the human B-lymphoblastoid cell line IM-9-P3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	55-64
2482208-1	1989	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) stimulated prolactin (PRL) release from the PRL producing human B-lymphoblastoid cell line IM-9-P3 within 30 min with an EC50 of 5 x 10(-9) M. Increased release was entirely attributable to a loss from intracellular PRL pools.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Homo sapiens	72-81
2518691-1	1989	The human interleukin-2 receptor alpha (IL2R alpha) gene is transcriptionally activated by both phorbol esters and the HTLV-I trans-activator (Tax) protein through a mechanism that involves the interaction of inducible DNA binding proteins with a kappa B-like enhancer element (-267 to -256).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	10-38
2482208-1	1989	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) stimulated prolactin (PRL) release from the PRL producing human B-lymphoblastoid cell line IM-9-P3 within 30 min with an EC50 of 5 x 10(-9) M. Increased release was entirely attributable to a loss from intracellular PRL pools.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Homo sapiens	83-86
2518691-1	1989	The human interleukin-2 receptor alpha (IL2R alpha) gene is transcriptionally activated by both phorbol esters and the HTLV-I trans-activator (Tax) protein through a mechanism that involves the interaction of inducible DNA binding proteins with a kappa B-like enhancer element (-267 to -256).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	40-50
2482208-1	1989	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) stimulated prolactin (PRL) release from the PRL producing human B-lymphoblastoid cell line IM-9-P3 within 30 min with an EC50 of 5 x 10(-9) M. Increased release was entirely attributable to a loss from intracellular PRL pools.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Homo sapiens	105-108
2482208-1	1989	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) stimulated prolactin (PRL) release from the PRL producing human B-lymphoblastoid cell line IM-9-P3 within 30 min with an EC50 of 5 x 10(-9) M. Increased release was entirely attributable to a loss from intracellular PRL pools.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Homo sapiens	105-108
2673546-5	1989	Induction of differentiation in several human leukemia cell lines by treatment with phorbol ester or retinoic acid leads to dephosphorylation of RB.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	145-147
2558296-5	1989	Treatment with 8-bromo cAMP and phorbol ester resulted in a dose-dependent increase in CRH secretion during a 1-h incubation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	87-90
2583748-2	1989	Proliferative responses of murine lymphoid cells were elicited in vitro with supernatant fluid from cultures of EL-4 thymoma cells stimulated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	112-116
2506174-2	1989	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) release from human endothelial cells, and simultaneous elevation of cyclic AMP potentiates this response 5-fold (Santell, L., and Levin, E. G. (1988) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	41-69
2506269-5	1989	Phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl 13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PBD), which are capable of activating protein kinase C, also induced similar DNA fragmentation in immature thymocytes, followed by cell death.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	47-50
2506174-2	1989	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) release from human endothelial cells, and simultaneous elevation of cyclic AMP potentiates this response 5-fold (Santell, L., and Levin, E. G. (1988) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	71-74
2551690-12	1989	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged phorbol ester treatment abolished the MAP2 kinase activation by phorbol ester, but did not prevent the MAP2 kinase activation by epidermal growth factor (EGF) or fresh serum.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	microtubule associated protein 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
2517589-0	1989	Effect of the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor alpha, alpha-difluoromethylornithine on phorbol diester-induced inhibition of murine B lymphocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	88-103	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	14-37
2551690-14	1989	Activation of the MAP2 kinase occurred shortly after the addition of EGF or phorbol ester even in the presence of protein synthesis inhibitors (cycloheximide, puromycin and emetin).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	microtubule associated protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
2549055-0	1989	Enhancement of adenosine A2 and prostaglandin E1 receptor-mediated cAMP generation by prior exposure of Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts to Ca2+-mobilizing receptor agonists or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	G protein-coupled receptor 162	Homo sapiens	25-57
2551690-12	1989	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged phorbol ester treatment abolished the MAP2 kinase activation by phorbol ester, but did not prevent the MAP2 kinase activation by epidermal growth factor (EGF) or fresh serum.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	microtubule associated protein 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
2571505-3	1989	In the present study a rat monoclonal antibody to the murine lymphocyte activation antigen MALA-2 was found to inhibit in a dose-dependent manner the phorbol ester-enhanced aggregation of mouse lymphoblasts, an adhesion-specific assay, and hence to define an adhesion molecule.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	91-97
2675833-1	1989	In neonatal rat islet cells prelabelled with [14C-methyl] choline, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate rapidly activated a phospholipase D-like mechanism as suggested by the accumulation in cells and medium of choline (but not of phosphorylcholine or glycerophosphorylcholine, markers for phospholipase C and phospholipase A2 action on phosphatidylcholine).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	328-344
2790038-5	1989	These biochemical differences between the parental line and the phorbol ester non-responsive variant were correlated with the depressed level of PKC-beta RNA abundance in KG-1a cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	145-153
2670930-7	1989	Northern blot analysis in cultured endothelial cells from human umbilical veins shows that PPET-1 mRNA is in fact rapidly induced by the active phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate within 10 min.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	91-97
2503513-7	1989	The latter observation was apparently not due simply to an inability of TPA to down-regulate the gene-regulatory activity of kinase C in intact GH3 cells, since this phorbol ester blocked the stimulation by platelet-derived growth factor of cellular levels of c-fos mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	260-265
2606902-1	1989	The human monocyte-like cell line, THP-1, differentiated into macrophage-like cells on the addition of a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
2606902-4	1989	The apolipoprotein E mRNA reached the maximal level on day 2 after the addition of the phorbol ester and then gradually decreased.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	4-20
2606902-8	1989	This indicates that the induction of apolipoprotein E expression by the phorbol ester is due mainly to the increase in the number of transcripts.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	37-53
2552043-4	1989	Direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters mimicked the ability of bradykinin to depolarize the neurons and to increase the rate of 45Ca uptake.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	21-37
2552043-4	1989	Direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters mimicked the ability of bradykinin to depolarize the neurons and to increase the rate of 45Ca uptake.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
2552043-5	1989	Down-regulation of PKC by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters and treatment of the cells with staurosporine, which inhibits PKC, blocked both bradykinin- and phorbol ester-induced 45Ca influx, and substantially reduced the proportion of cells that gave electrophysiological responses to either agent.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
2552043-5	1989	Down-regulation of PKC by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters and treatment of the cells with staurosporine, which inhibits PKC, blocked both bradykinin- and phorbol ester-induced 45Ca influx, and substantially reduced the proportion of cells that gave electrophysiological responses to either agent.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
2571185-1	1989	Antibodies to beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), the light-chain component of class I histocompatibility antigens, provide a strong co-stimulatory signal to human lymphocytes in the presence of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	14-34
2571185-1	1989	Antibodies to beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), the light-chain component of class I histocompatibility antigens, provide a strong co-stimulatory signal to human lymphocytes in the presence of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	36-43
2571185-4	1989	Antibody to beta 2m was co-stimulatory with phorbol ester, but not calcium ionophore, suggesting that class I antigens play a role in the initiation of the "first" signal of a recently described two-signal model of lymphocyte activation.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	12-19
2588913-0	1989	[Epidermal growth factor receptor of human liver cancer cells and its modulation by phorbol ester].	Phorbol Esters	84-97	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	1-33
2504877-1	1989	We have identified and purified a novel cytokine, NK cell stimulatory factor (NKSF), from the cell-free supernatant fluid of the phorbol diester-induced EBV-transformed human B lymphoblastoid cell line RPMI 8866.	Phorbol Esters	129-144	interleukin 12B	Homo sapiens	78-82
2549991-4	1989	Pretreatment with 8-Bromo-cAMP (10(-3) M), a phorbol ester (PMA 10(-7) M) + ionophore A23187 (10(-7) M) produced a positive regulation of IGF-I receptors.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	insulin like growth factor 1	Bos taurus	138-143
2501389-3	1989	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by stimulation of the TCR/CD3 or by phorbol esters directly induces CD69 expression on T cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	105-109
2765925-0	1989	Dose-dependent phorbol ester facilitation or blockade of hippocampal long-term potentiation: relation to membrane/cytosol distribution of protein kinase C activity.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	138-154
2510716-3	1989	In the present study, we have attempted to locate the site of action of phorbol ester by comparing thrombin-induced (i.e. receptor-mediated) platelet activation with that induced by guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and NaF, two agents which by-pass the receptor and initiate platelet responses by directly modulating G-protein function.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	99-107
2510716-3	1989	In the present study, we have attempted to locate the site of action of phorbol ester by comparing thrombin-induced (i.e. receptor-mediated) platelet activation with that induced by guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]) and NaF, two agents which by-pass the receptor and initiate platelet responses by directly modulating G-protein function.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	233-236
2545785-7	1989	The synergy of ionomycin with phorbol esters in triggering T cell activation may relate, at least in part, to enhanced activation of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	133-136
2668657-2	1989	The NFS/N1.H7 cell line was strictly dependent upon IL-3 for growth, and the cell line could be activated by phorbol esters (PMA) to augment IL-3 dependent proliferation, but when pKC was downregulated, diminished IL-3 proliferative response resulted.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	141-145
2668657-2	1989	The NFS/N1.H7 cell line was strictly dependent upon IL-3 for growth, and the cell line could be activated by phorbol esters (PMA) to augment IL-3 dependent proliferation, but when pKC was downregulated, diminished IL-3 proliferative response resulted.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	141-145
2668271-0	1989	Regulation of the product of a possible human cell cycle control gene CDC2Hs in B-cells by alpha-interferon and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	70-74
2668271-6	1989	Phorbol ester also inhibits the Daudi cell cycle in G1(G0) and causes the inhibition of p34CDC2Hs phosphorylation and a reduction of CDC2Hs mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	88-95
2568381-0	1989	The effect of anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on phorbol-ester-induced rabbit lung inflammation.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	ICAM-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	19-52
2663142-7	1989	Unlike gamma interferon, colony-stimulating factor, TNF-alpha, or TNF-beta, P48 reverses phorbol diester resistance of HL-60-1E3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-104	interferon regulatory factor 9	Homo sapiens	76-79
2668271-6	1989	Phorbol ester also inhibits the Daudi cell cycle in G1(G0) and causes the inhibition of p34CDC2Hs phosphorylation and a reduction of CDC2Hs mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
2752148-5	1989	ADA expression in infected K562 cells was also measured after induction of megakaryoblastic differentiation by phorbol ester, and after induction of erythroid differentiation by sodium n-butyrate or hemin.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	0-3
2753896-10	1989	However, in neutrophils "primed" with cytochalasin B or phorbol ester, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine caused a significant increase in EAG.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
2753896-13	1989	Neutrophils pretreated with phorbol ester prior to fMLP stimulation showed a rapid (around 30 s) more than 2-fold increase in both DAG and EAG.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
2753896-13	1989	Neutrophils pretreated with phorbol ester prior to fMLP stimulation showed a rapid (around 30 s) more than 2-fold increase in both DAG and EAG.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
2526813-0	1989	Phorbol ester induces increased expression, altered glycosylation, and reduced adhesion of K562 erythroleukemia cell fibronectin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	117-128
2552994-0	1989	The phorbol ester TPA stimulates the expression of functional beta-adrenoceptors in human T lymphoblasts Molt 3.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	18-21
2552994-2	1989	TPA (tumour-promoting agent phorbol ester) added at low concentration (3.2 nM) to the culture medium induced a marked increase in functional beta 2-adrenoceptors.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	0-3
2552994-2	1989	TPA (tumour-promoting agent phorbol ester) added at low concentration (3.2 nM) to the culture medium induced a marked increase in functional beta 2-adrenoceptors.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	141-147
2526698-12	1989	Finally, the phorbol ester, known to increase ANP secretion from intact perfused hearts, had only a limited effect on ANP release after atrialectomy, suggesting that the secretion of ANP from ventricular cells may be mainly of the constitutive type.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
2803236-7	1989	Almost the full insulin effect was mimicked by a combination of phorbol esters and IP-oligosaccharides (basal 7%, insulin 50%, IP-oligosaccharides 30%, TPA 23%, IP-oligosaccharides + TPA 45%).	Phorbol Esters	64-78	insulin	Homo sapiens	16-23
2803236-7	1989	Almost the full insulin effect was mimicked by a combination of phorbol esters and IP-oligosaccharides (basal 7%, insulin 50%, IP-oligosaccharides 30%, TPA 23%, IP-oligosaccharides + TPA 45%).	Phorbol Esters	64-78	insulin	Homo sapiens	114-121
2668303-7	1989	Activation of PKC by treatment with phorbol esters causes depolymerization of microfilaments and reorganization of vinculin staining.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	vinculin	Rattus norvegicus	115-123
2546742-7	1989	Binding of transferrin after a 24-h incubation was also increased by other mitogenic agents, (Bu)2cAMP, forskolin (FK), insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	transferrin	Rattus norvegicus	11-22
2576658-10	1989	SPMNs responded to stimulation by chemotactic peptide or phorbol ester in a dose-dependent fashion, with levels of CD11b, H2O2, and F-actin comparable with BPMNs at optimal stimulant concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	115-120
2787350-4	1989	Although phorbol ester stimulated serine phosphorylation of the IL-2R alpha (p55) subunit recognized by alpha TAC mAb, IL-2 did not stimulate any detectable phosphorylation of IL-2R alpha or associated coimmune precipitated proteins.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-75
2745978-0	1989	Human peripheral lymphocyte growth regulation and response to phorbol esters is linked to synthesis and phosphorylation of the cytosolic protein, prosolin.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	146-154
2787350-4	1989	Although phorbol ester stimulated serine phosphorylation of the IL-2R alpha (p55) subunit recognized by alpha TAC mAb, IL-2 did not stimulate any detectable phosphorylation of IL-2R alpha or associated coimmune precipitated proteins.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	77-80
2787350-4	1989	Although phorbol ester stimulated serine phosphorylation of the IL-2R alpha (p55) subunit recognized by alpha TAC mAb, IL-2 did not stimulate any detectable phosphorylation of IL-2R alpha or associated coimmune precipitated proteins.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	64-68
2787453-10	1989	In contrast, no IL-1 beta message was detectable, not even after treatment of the cells with phorbol ester or cycloheximide, which resulted in approximately 5-fold enhancement of IL-1 alpha mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	179-189
2670630-6	1989	In testis Leydig cells phorbol esters, as well as uncoupling the LH receptor from Gs, also inactivates the subunit of the inhibitory GTP binding protein (Gi).	Phorbol Esters	23-37	hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3	Homo sapiens	133-152
2549387-1	1989	Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK) are known to release free arachidonic acid and arachidonic acid metabolites (AA) in response to tumor-promoting phorbol esters, such as tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate, and to agonists active at alpha 1-adrenergic and bradykinin B2 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	151-165	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	258-268
2751660-0	1989	Modulation of estrogen receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNAs by phorbol ester in MCF 7 breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	14-31
2753160-0	1989	Differential activation by fMet-Leu-Phe and phorbol ester of a plasma membrane phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase D in human neutrophil.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	108-123
2548145-6	1989	Other conditions which influence Daudi cell proliferation, such as treatment with a phorbol ester or growth to high cell density, also inhibit c-fgr expression but to a lesser extent than interferon treatment.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	143-148
2813854-6	1989	Administration of phorbol ester (PMA 10-100 nM, a PK-C activator) alone significantly provoked gastrin release, but markedly inhibited the BBS (1 nM) stimulated gastrin secretion in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
2813854-6	1989	Administration of phorbol ester (PMA 10-100 nM, a PK-C activator) alone significantly provoked gastrin release, but markedly inhibited the BBS (1 nM) stimulated gastrin secretion in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	gastrin	Rattus norvegicus	95-102
2813854-6	1989	Administration of phorbol ester (PMA 10-100 nM, a PK-C activator) alone significantly provoked gastrin release, but markedly inhibited the BBS (1 nM) stimulated gastrin secretion in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	gastrin	Rattus norvegicus	161-168
2759232-3	1989	Moreover, we have shown for the first time that this kinase or a kinase that coeluted from the column with PKC could be activated by a phorbol ester, PMA, in a phospholipid-free system, i.e. in the absence of any cofactor of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	107-110
2759232-3	1989	Moreover, we have shown for the first time that this kinase or a kinase that coeluted from the column with PKC could be activated by a phorbol ester, PMA, in a phospholipid-free system, i.e. in the absence of any cofactor of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	225-228
2759232-4	1989	These findings emphasize the need for caution in the interpretation of experimental results obtained when using phorbol esters to probe for a role of PKC in many regulatory processes.	Phorbol Esters	112-126	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	150-153
2751660-0	1989	Modulation of estrogen receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor mRNAs by phorbol ester in MCF 7 breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	36-68
2751660-4	1989	These data support the view that ER and EGR-R gene expression is inversely regulated in human breast cancer and describe for the first time an inhibitory effect of a phorbol ester on steroid hormone receptor gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	33-35
2526662-0	1989	Downregulation of c-fms gene expression in human monocytes treated with phorbol esters and colony-stimulating factor 1.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	18-23
2789003-4	1989	It was confirmed that two types of H-RS cells, HDLM-1 and KM-H2, can secrete IL-1, especially after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	77-81
2544397-10	1989	These results suggest that EGF and TGF alpha induce tPA mRNA and activity in granulosa cells through a pathway independent of protein kinases-A (FSH) and -C (GnRH and phorbol ester), providing an interesting model for future elucidation of the molecular mechanism involved in tPA gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
2786455-0	1989	Regulation of transforming growth factor alpha messenger RNA expression in a chemically transformed rat hepatic epithelial cell line by phorbol ester and hormones.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	transforming growth factor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	14-46
2544397-10	1989	These results suggest that EGF and TGF alpha induce tPA mRNA and activity in granulosa cells through a pathway independent of protein kinases-A (FSH) and -C (GnRH and phorbol ester), providing an interesting model for future elucidation of the molecular mechanism involved in tPA gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	transforming growth factor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	35-44
2788697-0	1989	Production of parathyroid hormone-like peptide in a human osteosarcoma cell line: stimulation by phorbol esters and epidermal growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	97-111	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	14-33
2777906-1	1989	Myelin basic protein, an 80-kilodalton (kDa) protein in rat oligodendrocytes, and an 80-kDa basic protein in neuroblastoma x neonatal Chinese hamster brain explant hybrids were phosphorylated extensively when the cells were treated with either phorbol esters (TPA) or diacylglycerols (e.g., oleyoyl-acetylglycerol).	Phorbol Esters	244-258	myelin basic protein	Rattus norvegicus	0-20
2777908-0	1989	A phorbol ester and phospholipid-activated, calcium-unresponsive protein kinase in mouse epidermis: characterization and separation from protein kinase C. The phosphorylation of an Mr 82,000 protein (p82) in the Triton X-100 extract of the particulate fraction of mouse epidermis is dependent on the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or diacylglycerol and phospholipid and, contrary to protein kinase C (PKC)-catalyzed phosphorylation, cannot be activated by calcium plus phospholipid.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4	Mus musculus	200-203
2777908-0	1989	A phorbol ester and phospholipid-activated, calcium-unresponsive protein kinase in mouse epidermis: characterization and separation from protein kinase C. The phosphorylation of an Mr 82,000 protein (p82) in the Triton X-100 extract of the particulate fraction of mouse epidermis is dependent on the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or diacylglycerol and phospholipid and, contrary to protein kinase C (PKC)-catalyzed phosphorylation, cannot be activated by calcium plus phospholipid.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4	Mus musculus	200-203
2472394-2	1989	We have previously shown that CD20 phosphorylation is increased in activated cells and in phorbol ester-treated resting cells.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	30-34
2746161-4	1989	Full-length and truncated TNF promoter constructions extending from -615 to -95 bp relative to the transcription start site (TSS) could be induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	150-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	26-29
2746161-6	1989	Therefore, the phorbol ester responsive is localized in the TNF/cachectin promoter to a relatively short region proximal to the TATAA box.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	60-63
2746161-6	1989	Therefore, the phorbol ester responsive is localized in the TNF/cachectin promoter to a relatively short region proximal to the TATAA box.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	64-73
2742742-0	1989	Activation of the thyroid peroxidase gene in human thyroid cells: effect of thyrotrophin, forskolin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	thyroid peroxidase	Homo sapiens	18-36
2543699-4	1989	The induction of maximal IL-2 gene expression required three signals provided by phorbol ester, calcium ionophore, and anti-CD28 mAb.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
2528680-1	1989	The turnover of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), the c-fms proto-oncogene product, is accelerated by ligand binding or by activators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	190-203	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	58-64
2503614-2	1989	The factor completely suppressed human T cell responses activated by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, reagents which strongly stimulate IL-2-mediated T cell responses.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
2528680-1	1989	The turnover of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), the c-fms proto-oncogene product, is accelerated by ligand binding or by activators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	190-203	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	20-56
2528680-1	1989	The turnover of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), the c-fms proto-oncogene product, is accelerated by ligand binding or by activators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	190-203	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	71-76
2528680-1	1989	The turnover of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), the c-fms proto-oncogene product, is accelerated by ligand binding or by activators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	190-203	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	154-170
2528680-1	1989	The turnover of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), the c-fms proto-oncogene product, is accelerated by ligand binding or by activators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	190-203	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	172-175
2472006-3	1989	In normal intact cells, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester either stimulated or inhibited chloride secretion, depending on the physiological status of the cell.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	38-54
2543683-2	1989	Phosphorylation of this site is also associated with the transmodulation of the EGF receptor caused by platelet-derived growth factor and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	80-92
2797218-1	1989	(1) The effect of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a specific activator of the protein kinase C (PrkC), on the function of junctional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) was examined on muscle fibres isolated from the M. flexor digitorum brevis of the rat.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	126-130
2797218-1	1989	(1) The effect of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a specific activator of the protein kinase C (PrkC), on the function of junctional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) was examined on muscle fibres isolated from the M. flexor digitorum brevis of the rat.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 1 subunit	Rattus norvegicus	163-196
2472006-3	1989	In normal intact cells, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester either stimulated or inhibited chloride secretion, depending on the physiological status of the cell.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	56-59
2542306-3	1989	ANF secretion was stimulated approximately 4-fold after a 1-h incubation of the cultures with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA); maximal release occurred at about 100 nM TPA.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
2544164-0	1989	Phorbol ester regulates the abundance of enkephalin precursor mRNA but not of amyloid beta-protein precursor mRNA in rat testicular peritubular cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	41-51
2735424-0	1989	Differential effects of phorbol esters on PGE2 and bradykinin-induced elevation of [Cai2+] in MDCK cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	51-61
2722826-8	1989	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged pretreatment with phorbol ester or inhibition of the enzyme with sphingosine inhibited the PAF-generated accumulation of DAG at 10 min by approximately 80%.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	patchy fur	Mus musculus	140-143
2656700-0	1989	Identification of an adipocyte protein that binds to calmodulin in the absence of Ca2+ and is phosphorylated in response to insulin and tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	152-166	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-63
2568572-0	1989	Changes in expression of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in human SMS-KCNR neuroblastoma following retinoic acid or phorbol ester-induced differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	25-45
2568572-5	1989	Treatment with RA for 3 days followed by phorbol esters for an additional 3 days resulted in a 3-fold increase in TH immunoreactivity at day 6; reversing the order of drug treatment did not have this effect.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	114-116
2527057-7	1989	Treatment of CMK cells with phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) greatly enhanced the reactivity with anti-platelet antibodies, increased the number of cells in which cytoplasm was dissociated into numerous segments and suppressed the reactivity with anti-glycophorin A.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9	Homo sapiens	13-16
2527057-7	1989	Treatment of CMK cells with phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) greatly enhanced the reactivity with anti-platelet antibodies, increased the number of cells in which cytoplasm was dissociated into numerous segments and suppressed the reactivity with anti-glycophorin A.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	276-289
2747452-2	1989	Activating PKC with phorbol esters inhibits mAChR agonist-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and InsP production.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	11-14
2747452-5	1989	Our data demonstrate that activation of PKC by phorbol esters causes a rapid down-regulation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
2739659-4	1989	FSH, serum, and phorbol esters individually stimulate c-fos in cultured Sertoli cells whereas platelet-derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-I have little affect.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
2785869-5	1989	Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered release of IL-1 and TNF was determined in culture supernatants of splenic MPs from phorbol ester-sensitive (SENCAR) and resistant (B6C3F1) mice following topical application of 8 micrograms of TPA twice in one week.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	46-58
2744462-2	1989	Transcription from a cloned PLF promoter is inducible by phorbol esters, and this induction involves a region of 31 bp that includes an AP-1 site and a cluster of sites similar to the simian virus 40 (SV40) SphI element.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	prolactin family 2, subfamily c, member 2	Mus musculus	28-31
2789062-6	1989	Phorbol ester stimulation of resting T cells induces 4F2HC expression by removing this block to transcription elongation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 3 member 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
2655888-0	1989	Control of the expression of c-sis mRNA in human glioblastoma cells by phorbol ester and transforming growth factor beta 1.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	29-34
2655888-2	1989	Enhanced expression of c-sis mRNA was induced by phorbol ester (PMA) and diacylglycerol, each of which activates protein kinase C. c-sis mRNA was also induced by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	23-28
2655888-2	1989	Enhanced expression of c-sis mRNA was induced by phorbol ester (PMA) and diacylglycerol, each of which activates protein kinase C. c-sis mRNA was also induced by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	162-193
2655888-2	1989	Enhanced expression of c-sis mRNA was induced by phorbol ester (PMA) and diacylglycerol, each of which activates protein kinase C. c-sis mRNA was also induced by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	195-203
2482296-7	1989	It was also found that the disruption of actin stress fibers by the phorbol ester tumor promoter, TPA, is reversed by microtubule poisons: stress fibers reform within 30 min of the addition of the microtubule drugs, despite the continued presence and activity of the TPA.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	98-101
2482296-7	1989	It was also found that the disruption of actin stress fibers by the phorbol ester tumor promoter, TPA, is reversed by microtubule poisons: stress fibers reform within 30 min of the addition of the microtubule drugs, despite the continued presence and activity of the TPA.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	267-270
2786991-0	1989	Transforming growth factor-alpha expression in the anterior pituitary gland: regulation by epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester in dispersed cells.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	transforming growth factor alpha	Bos taurus	0-32
2541004-2	1989	The fully differentiated FRTL5 cells did not produce detectable amounts of uPA, even after stimulation with phorbol esters, potent inducers of uPA expression.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	143-146
2706741-4	1989	Chlordane (100 microM) stimulated mouse brain PKC activity in the 10(5) g supernatant to a maximum velocity equal to that obtained when the enzyme was maximally stimulated with the skin-tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	202-215	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
2539973-1	1989	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) increases 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3)-24-hydroxylase and decreases 25OHD3-1-hydroxylase activity in cultured kidney cells, effects similar to those exerted by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] and opposite those of PTH, forskolin, and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	parathyroid hormone	Gallus gallus	301-304
2548876-1	1989	Long-term (24 h) pretreatment of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells with 100 nM angiotensin and 1 microM vasopressin induced a marked reduction of the maximal binding capacity of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors in a fashion similar to that induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	269-282	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	112-123
2730662-0	1989	Retention of specific protein kinase C isozymes following chronic phorbol ester treatment in BC3H-1 myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	22-38
2498324-5	1989	We now report that biologically active phorbol esters, a cell-permeable diacylglycerol, 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), and calcium ionophore A23187 are also potent inducers of PLD in these HL-60 granulocytes.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	178-181
2498324-9	1989	In the presence of 0.5% ethanol, phorbol esters, OAG, and A23187 also induce formation of alkyl-[32P]PEt, demonstrating that the activated PLD catalyzes transphosphatidylation between the phosphatidyl moiety of the alkyl-[32P]PC and ethanol.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	139-142
2498324-14	1989	We conclude that phorbol esters, OAG, and A23187 activate PLD in HL-60 granulocytes via protein kinase-independent as well as protein kinase-dependent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	58-61
2542281-3	1989	Studies from our laboratory have shown that activation of PKC by phorbol esters produces both the uncoupling of GnRH-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and the selective enhancement of GnRH agonist binding in pituitary cell cultures.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	112-116
2542281-3	1989	Studies from our laboratory have shown that activation of PKC by phorbol esters produces both the uncoupling of GnRH-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and the selective enhancement of GnRH agonist binding in pituitary cell cultures.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	189-193
2542281-6	1989	Receptor photoaffinity labeling studies confirmed that agonist association with membrane component(s) identified as the GnRH receptor was increased in the presence of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	120-133
2542281-7	1989	These results suggest that, in the presence of a phorbol ester PKC activator, agonist-occupied GnRH receptors remain at the cell surface, but are sequestered in some manner.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
2549959-6	1989	This effect was probably due to a phorbol ester-induced decrease in glucocorticoid receptor number.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Mus musculus	68-91
2542091-2	1989	Significant enhancement of IFN gamma production by poly(I):poly(C) is observed in the presence of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA, a protein kinase C (PKC) activator).	Phorbol Esters	102-115	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	27-36
2542091-2	1989	Significant enhancement of IFN gamma production by poly(I):poly(C) is observed in the presence of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA, a protein kinase C (PKC) activator).	Phorbol Esters	102-115	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	155-158
2470148-1	1989	Promonocytic (U1) and T lymphocytic (ACH-2) cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) constitutively express low levels of virus, but expression can be induced by phorbol esters and cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	202-216	acyl-CoA thioesterase 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
2470148-4	1989	In contrast, interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) inhibited the release of reverse transcriptase and viral antigens into the culture supernatant after phorbol ester stimulation of both cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	13-40
2470148-6	1989	Also, after phorbol ester stimulation of ACH-2 cells, IFN-alpha reduced the number of infectious viral particles secreted into the culture supernatant, but had no effect on the infectivity of cell-associated virus.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	acyl-CoA thioesterase 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
2470148-6	1989	Also, after phorbol ester stimulation of ACH-2 cells, IFN-alpha reduced the number of infectious viral particles secreted into the culture supernatant, but had no effect on the infectivity of cell-associated virus.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	54-63
2540185-9	1989	The stimulatory effects of both NPY and BK were also blocked by treatment of neurons with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
2496772-0	1989	Rapid expression of protooncogenes c-fos and c-myc in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells during differentiation induced by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	35-40
2496772-0	1989	Rapid expression of protooncogenes c-fos and c-myc in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells during differentiation induced by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	45-50
2785861-0	1989	Interleukin-4 enhances peritoneal B cell stimulation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	0-13
2525478-1	1989	Monoclonal antibodies specific for a dimeric cell surface activation antigen (gp33/27), preliminary designated as activation inducer molecule (AIM), are capable of triggering interleukin 2 (IL 2) synthesis, IL 2 receptor expression and T cell proliferation when used in conjunction with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	287-301	CD151 molecule (Raph blood group)	Homo sapiens	78-85
2541004-6	1989	However, in FRTL5 cells Northern analysis showed the presence of a small amount of uPA-specific mRNA that increased appreciably after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
2751829-5	1989	The TSH-induced increase in cathepsin B mRNA concentrations (approximately fivefold over that in untreated cells) was partially mimicked by forskolin (approximately threefold) and ionomycin, while phorbol ester decreased cathepsin B mRNA concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	cathepsin B	Rattus norvegicus	221-232
2548955-4	1989	Preincubation of both cell types with rIL-6 at concentrations of 5 and 50 ng/ml primed the cells for enhanced generation of oxygen radicals following stimulation with the chemotactic peptide f-Met-Leu-Phe or the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	38-43
2751829-8	1989	These results demonstrate (1) that cathepsin B expression in the thyroid is regulated in parallel with that of thyroglobulin and actin, and (2) that cyclic AMP- and Ca2+-dependent processes stimulate gene expression, while phorbol ester treatment inhibits gene expression in FRTL5 cells.	Phorbol Esters	223-236	cathepsin B	Rattus norvegicus	35-46
2501656-5	1989	In addition, phorbol ester-induced differentiation of promyelocytic HL-60 cells and promonocytic THP-1 cells rendered the gamma.1 gene inducible by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	148-157
2708347-0	1989	Induction of ornithine decarboxylase in rat liver by phorbol ester is mediated by prostanoids from Kupffer cells.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-36
2747640-0	1989	Identification of cis-acting sequences responsible for phorbol ester induction of human serum amyloid A gene expression via a nuclear factor kappaB-like transcription factor.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	88-103
2742855-12	1989	However, the extent of insertion was dependent on the binding conditions and was promoted by high phospholipid to PKC ratios, high calcium, the presence of phorbol esters, high membrane charge, and long incubations.	Phorbol Esters	156-170	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	114-117
2787167-0	1989	Activation of distinct protein kinase C isozymes by phorbol esters: correlation with induction of interleukin 1 beta gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	98-116
2742855-1	1989	The properties of the protein kinase C (PKC)-phorbol ester interaction were highly dependent on assay methods and conditions.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	22-38
2742855-1	1989	The properties of the protein kinase C (PKC)-phorbol ester interaction were highly dependent on assay methods and conditions.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-43
2702729-0	1989	Epidermal cell proliferation and modulation of the protective potency of dexamethasone against phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	117-140
2657729-5	1989	vWF stored in the Weibel-Palade bodies of type IIB cells was released upon stimulation with phorbol ester and bound almost completely to platelets even in the absence of ristocetin.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2784717-4	1989	Augmentation of T cell responses by the MAb"s to GD3 and GD2 was also mimicked by activation of PKC with phorbol esters but both agents together produced marked synergistic effects on cell division, suggesting they had different but complementary modes of action.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	GRDX	Homo sapiens	49-52
2500274-0	1989	Cellular activation without proliferation to B cell growth factor and interleukin 2 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia B cells stimulated with phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	70-83
2542778-0	1989	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate and phorbol ester, like gonadotropin-releasing hormone, stimulate the biosynthesis of luteinizing hormone polypeptide chains in a nonadditive manner.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	55-85
2744002-4	1989	Our results show that phorbol ester-treated U937 cells exhibited markedly increased levels of fibronectin and of the cytoskeletal proteins actin, myosin and vimentin including a reorganization of actin and vimentin filaments.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	94-105
2744002-4	1989	Our results show that phorbol ester-treated U937 cells exhibited markedly increased levels of fibronectin and of the cytoskeletal proteins actin, myosin and vimentin including a reorganization of actin and vimentin filaments.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	146-152
2744002-4	1989	Our results show that phorbol ester-treated U937 cells exhibited markedly increased levels of fibronectin and of the cytoskeletal proteins actin, myosin and vimentin including a reorganization of actin and vimentin filaments.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	vimentin	Homo sapiens	157-165
2744002-4	1989	Our results show that phorbol ester-treated U937 cells exhibited markedly increased levels of fibronectin and of the cytoskeletal proteins actin, myosin and vimentin including a reorganization of actin and vimentin filaments.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	vimentin	Homo sapiens	206-214
2744002-6	1989	Here, the expression of the leukocytefunction antigens (LFA-1), including CD11 and CD18 was markedly enhanced during phorbol ester-induced differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	56-61
2744002-6	1989	Here, the expression of the leukocytefunction antigens (LFA-1), including CD11 and CD18 was markedly enhanced during phorbol ester-induced differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
2925687-0	1989	Induction of transforming growth factor-alpha expression in human keratinocytes by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	13-45
2538842-7	1989	A phorbol ester that activates protein kinase C did not appear to affect the proteins that were modified by 5-HT, but phorbol ester did appear to increase the amount of labeled amino acids incorporated into another protein (P24).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	224-227
2538925-1	1989	The tpa-1 gene mediates the action of tumor-promoting phorbol esters in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	Protein kinase C-like 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	4-9
2725992-0	1989	Morphological changes and neural cell adhesion molecule expression in mouse cerebrum primary cultures following long-term exposure to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	26-55
2522448-0	1989	Prolonged incubation with phorbol esters enhanced vasopressin-induced calcium mobilization and polyphosphatidylinositol hydrolysis of vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	50-61
2925687-1	1989	Exposure of cultured human epidermal keratinocytes to the protein kinase C (Ca2+- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase)-activating phorbol esters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or 4-beta-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate markedly enhanced accumulation of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) mRNA and secretion of TGF-alpha protein.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	264-296
2925687-1	1989	Exposure of cultured human epidermal keratinocytes to the protein kinase C (Ca2+- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase)-activating phorbol esters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or 4-beta-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate markedly enhanced accumulation of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) mRNA and secretion of TGF-alpha protein.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	298-307
2925687-1	1989	Exposure of cultured human epidermal keratinocytes to the protein kinase C (Ca2+- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase)-activating phorbol esters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or 4-beta-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate markedly enhanced accumulation of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) mRNA and secretion of TGF-alpha protein.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	331-340
2925687-9	1989	Prolonged pretreatment (24 h) of keratinocyte cultures with TPA caused marked desensitization of TGF-alpha mRNA expression to repeated stimulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	97-106
2538434-1	1989	Oncostatin M is a polypeptide growth regulator produced by activated T cells and phorbol ester-treated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	oncostatin M	Homo sapiens	0-12
2925687-16	1989	These studies suggest that activation of protein kinase C by active phorbol esters or diacylglycerols is responsible, at least in part, for TGF-alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	140-149
2521857-0	1989	Phorbol ester or epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the concurrent accumulation of mRNA for the EGF receptor and its ligand transforming growth factor-alpha in a breast cancer cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	102-105
2784146-4	1989	Phorbol esters, which induce potent, prolonged activation of PKC, augment many T lymphocyte responses, including cell proliferation and secretion of the T cell growth factor IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	174-178
2784146-7	1989	When this cell line is depleted of PKC overnight incubation in high concentrations of phorbol esters, lectin-induced IL-2 secretion is augmented.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	117-121
2784146-12	1989	At concentrations that give similar levels of PKC activation, phorbol esters and mezerein, but not DAG analogs, increased IL-2 secretion.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	122-126
2540997-0	1989	Phorbol ester impairs melanotropin receptor function and stimulates growth of cultured M2R melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	melanocortin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	22-43
2540997-1	1989	We have examined the effects of a biologically active tumor promoting phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA] which activates protein kinase C (PKC) on melanotropin receptor function and cell growth in the M2R mouse melanoma cell clone.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	melanocortin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	166-187
2521857-0	1989	Phorbol ester or epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the concurrent accumulation of mRNA for the EGF receptor and its ligand transforming growth factor-alpha in a breast cancer cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	130-162
2646943-8	1989	Measured either early or late after TPA addition, the phorbol ester reduced insulin binding by congruent to 40%.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	insulin	Homo sapiens	76-83
2496956-3	1989	We used the phorbol ester/lipopolysaccharide (PMA + LPS) co-induction of IL-1 mRNA and CD13 expression in U937 cells to demonstrate the specificity of the technique.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	52-55
2564319-6	1989	Furthermore, the effects of DDT on the activity of partially purified pkC from V79 cells was measured, as was the interaction of DDT with the phorbol ester/DAG-binding site on the pkC enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	180-183
2496956-3	1989	We used the phorbol ester/lipopolysaccharide (PMA + LPS) co-induction of IL-1 mRNA and CD13 expression in U937 cells to demonstrate the specificity of the technique.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	73-77
2496956-3	1989	We used the phorbol ester/lipopolysaccharide (PMA + LPS) co-induction of IL-1 mRNA and CD13 expression in U937 cells to demonstrate the specificity of the technique.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	87-91
2783911-4	1989	Unlike IL-2, however, phorbol esters were poor inducers of IL-2-depleted cultures.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	59-63
2568442-0	1989	Phorbol esters of different biological activities may preferentially act as mitogens of human suppressor T-cells and are equi-effective mitogens of IL-2 dependent cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	148-152
2471685-0	1989	The immunosuppressant FK-506, like cyclosporins and didemnin B, inhibits calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of the elongation factor 2 in vitro and biological effects of the phorbol ester TPA on mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	117-136
2471685-1	1989	Similar to previous observations with cyclosporins and didemnin B, the novel immunosuppressant FK-506 inhibits the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 of protein synthesis in vitro and biological effects of the phorbol ester TPA on mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	255-268	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	175-194
2494657-6	1989	These findings suggest the existence of a phorbol ester-sensitive factor, inducible in MOLT-4 and constitutively expressed or modified in YHHH, which operates in the pathway of induction of class I HLA by IFN-alpha but not in the pathway used by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	205-214
2725496-3	1989	We report here that an early effect of TGF beta is an enhancement of the expression of two genes encoding serum- and phorbol ester tumor promoter-regulated transcription factors: the junB gene and the c-jun proto-oncogene, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	39-47
2725496-3	1989	We report here that an early effect of TGF beta is an enhancement of the expression of two genes encoding serum- and phorbol ester tumor promoter-regulated transcription factors: the junB gene and the c-jun proto-oncogene, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	183-187
2725496-3	1989	We report here that an early effect of TGF beta is an enhancement of the expression of two genes encoding serum- and phorbol ester tumor promoter-regulated transcription factors: the junB gene and the c-jun proto-oncogene, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	201-206
2468125-0	1989	Insulin and phorbol ester induce distinct phosphorylations of pp60c-src in the BC3H-1 murine myocyte cell line.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	62-71
2468125-9	1989	These data suggest that insulin and phorbol ester induce phosphorylation of pp60c-src by distinct protein kinases.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	76-85
2494657-6	1989	These findings suggest the existence of a phorbol ester-sensitive factor, inducible in MOLT-4 and constitutively expressed or modified in YHHH, which operates in the pathway of induction of class I HLA by IFN-alpha but not in the pathway used by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	246-255
2538829-1	1989	Previous work has shown that corticotropin releasing factor, vasoactive intestinal peptide, phorbol ester, and forskolin cause the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-endorphin from the AtT-20 mouse pituitary cell line.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	144-171
2537976-1	1989	Human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression can be induced primarily in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage by a variety of inducers, including lipopolysaccharide, phorbol esters such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and virus or synthetic double-stranded RNA [poly(I).poly(C)].	Phorbol Esters	187-201	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	6-33
2537976-1	1989	Human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression can be induced primarily in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage by a variety of inducers, including lipopolysaccharide, phorbol esters such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and virus or synthetic double-stranded RNA [poly(I).poly(C)].	Phorbol Esters	187-201	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	35-44
2538829-8	1989	IL-1 enhanced phorbol ester-induced beta-endorphin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	0-4
2538829-8	1989	IL-1 enhanced phorbol ester-induced beta-endorphin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	36-50
2538829-9	1989	After prolonged treatment with phorbol ester (an activator of protein kinase C), the secretion induced by phorbol ester was abolished as well as the enhancement induced by IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	172-176
2785707-1	1989	Monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to human leucocyte sialoglycoprotein, CD43, have been shown to deliver mitogenic signals to human T cells or to enhance T-cell proliferation induced by concanavalin A, anti-CD3 antibodies or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	220-233	sialophorin	Homo sapiens	67-71
2492906-1	1989	Rapid induction of c-fos transcription by serum and phorbol esters requires the serum response element (SRE).	Phorbol Esters	52-66	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	19-24
2465043-5	1989	CSF-1 receptors on normal monocytes and myeloid leukemia cells could be induced to downmodulate by incubation with either human recombinant CSF-1 or phorbol esters, confirming that the receptors had functional ligand-binding sites and responded to transmodulation by inducers of protein kinase C. The numbers of receptors per cell and the percentage of positive cases were highest for leukemic blasts with cytochemical and morphological features of monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	149-163	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
2492525-9	1989	Agents including phorbol ester, thrombin, and dexamethasone were shown to regulate the renal endothelial cell production and mRNA expression of both u-PA and t-PA.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	149-153
2492525-9	1989	Agents including phorbol ester, thrombin, and dexamethasone were shown to regulate the renal endothelial cell production and mRNA expression of both u-PA and t-PA.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	158-162
2643438-3	1989	Proteinase inhibition also blocked the action of a range of peptide growth factors and of a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	endogenous retrovirus group K member 25	Homo sapiens	0-10
2783948-0	1989	Transcriptional regulation of transferrin receptor expression by cultured lymphoblastoid T cells treated with phorbol diesters.	Phorbol Esters	110-126	transferrin	Homo sapiens	30-41
2464596-2	1989	Experiments reported here indicate that phorbol esters can also specifically inhibit the expression of an IFN-induced RNA (IFN-IND-1).	Phorbol Esters	40-54	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
2464596-2	1989	Experiments reported here indicate that phorbol esters can also specifically inhibit the expression of an IFN-induced RNA (IFN-IND-1).	Phorbol Esters	40-54	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	123-126
2464596-3	1989	Phorbol esters exert their effects by inhibiting IFN-induced transcription of the gene that encodes IFN-IND-1 (ISG-54K); inhibitors of protein synthesis reverse the effects of these compounds.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
2464596-3	1989	Phorbol esters exert their effects by inhibiting IFN-induced transcription of the gene that encodes IFN-IND-1 (ISG-54K); inhibitors of protein synthesis reverse the effects of these compounds.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
2464596-3	1989	Phorbol esters exert their effects by inhibiting IFN-induced transcription of the gene that encodes IFN-IND-1 (ISG-54K); inhibitors of protein synthesis reverse the effects of these compounds.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	111-118
2464596-4	1989	The actions of phorbol esters are only seen in those types of cultured cells where cycloheximide in the presence of IFN prevents long term IFN treatment of cells from inducing a "desensitized state."	Phorbol Esters	15-29	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	116-119
2464596-4	1989	The actions of phorbol esters are only seen in those types of cultured cells where cycloheximide in the presence of IFN prevents long term IFN treatment of cells from inducing a "desensitized state."	Phorbol Esters	15-29	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
2706452-5	1989	This indicated a close association of phorbol ester binding sites with CA1 pyramidal cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
2923875-3	1989	Association and dissociation events were sensitive to Ca2+ concentrations in the low micromolar range, and the Ca2+ sensitivity of both processes was increased when the membranes had been preincubated with the protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	238-251	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	293-296
2467007-4	1989	Phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, which induce mouse VL30 RNA approximately eightfold, show no effect on the rat VL30 system.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	RIKEN cDNA A130040M12 gene	Mus musculus	54-58
2537468-7	1989	This prolonged induction of jun contrasts with its transient activation by the phorbol ester TPA and provides a physiological example of the ability of jun/AP-1 to stimulate its own transcription.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	156-160
2719931-12	1989	These factors included AP-1 and AP-2 which can mediate the effects of phorbol esters, agonists known to induce TF expression in monocytes and vascular endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	23-27
2719931-12	1989	These factors included AP-1 and AP-2 which can mediate the effects of phorbol esters, agonists known to induce TF expression in monocytes and vascular endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	32-36
2719931-12	1989	These factors included AP-1 and AP-2 which can mediate the effects of phorbol esters, agonists known to induce TF expression in monocytes and vascular endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	111-113
2920044-0	1989	Activation of human neutrophil NADPH-oxidase in vitro by the catalytic fragment of protein kinase-C. Phorbol ester treatment of intact neutrophils both stimulates protein kinase C (PK-C) and causes the rapid proteolytic conversion to a cytosolic, co-factor independent fragment, protein kinase M (PK-M).	Phorbol Esters	101-114	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	163-179
2920044-0	1989	Activation of human neutrophil NADPH-oxidase in vitro by the catalytic fragment of protein kinase-C. Phorbol ester treatment of intact neutrophils both stimulates protein kinase C (PK-C) and causes the rapid proteolytic conversion to a cytosolic, co-factor independent fragment, protein kinase M (PK-M).	Phorbol Esters	101-114	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	181-185
2920044-0	1989	Activation of human neutrophil NADPH-oxidase in vitro by the catalytic fragment of protein kinase-C. Phorbol ester treatment of intact neutrophils both stimulates protein kinase C (PK-C) and causes the rapid proteolytic conversion to a cytosolic, co-factor independent fragment, protein kinase M (PK-M).	Phorbol Esters	101-114	pyruvate kinase M1/2	Homo sapiens	279-295
2920044-0	1989	Activation of human neutrophil NADPH-oxidase in vitro by the catalytic fragment of protein kinase-C. Phorbol ester treatment of intact neutrophils both stimulates protein kinase C (PK-C) and causes the rapid proteolytic conversion to a cytosolic, co-factor independent fragment, protein kinase M (PK-M).	Phorbol Esters	101-114	pyruvate kinase M1/2	Homo sapiens	297-301
2920044-7	1989	Our studies demonstrate for the first time that purified PK-M permits reconstitution of a physiologic phorbol ester response.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	pyruvate kinase M1/2	Homo sapiens	57-61
2919678-5	1989	In contrast, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and the synthetic diacylglycerol 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol inhibited both aminopyrine uptake and membrane inositol phospholipid turnover in parietal cells induced by carbachol and gastrin.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	gastrin	Homo sapiens	252-259
2538829-1	1989	Previous work has shown that corticotropin releasing factor, vasoactive intestinal peptide, phorbol ester, and forskolin cause the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and beta-endorphin from the AtT-20 mouse pituitary cell line.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	176-190
2464032-0	1989	Activation- and phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of a plasma membrane glycoprotein antigen expressed on mouse IL-3-dependent mast cells and serosal mast cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	118-122
2542017-2	1989	This enhancer contains most, if not all of the sequence elements necessary for the T cell specific induction of the Il-2 gene by the phorbol ester TPA and the plant lectin Concanavalin A.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	116-120
2537886-1	1989	Feline peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) when stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A) or the combination of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 (A2) plus the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	178-191	interleukin 2	Felis catus	51-64
2537886-1	1989	Feline peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) when stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A) or the combination of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 (A2) plus the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	178-191	interleukin 2	Felis catus	66-70
2536321-3	1989	However, phorbol esters, which stimulate protein kinase-C activity, have been reported to enhance PTH release.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	parathyroid hormone	Bos taurus	98-101
2538793-2	1989	In order to induce both phagocytosis and a rise in c-fos mRNA, binding to receptors must be followed by mobilization of Ca++ from intracellular Induction of c-fos transcription in macrophages by other agents acting through different intracellular "messengers", i.e. phorbol esters (protein kinase C), cholera toxin (cAMP) and dexamethasone (glucocorticoid receptor) also depends on intracellular Ca++.	Phorbol Esters	266-280	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	51-56
2538793-2	1989	In order to induce both phagocytosis and a rise in c-fos mRNA, binding to receptors must be followed by mobilization of Ca++ from intracellular Induction of c-fos transcription in macrophages by other agents acting through different intracellular "messengers", i.e. phorbol esters (protein kinase C), cholera toxin (cAMP) and dexamethasone (glucocorticoid receptor) also depends on intracellular Ca++.	Phorbol Esters	266-280	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	157-162
2564215-3	1989	Production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon by mitogen plus phorbol ester-stimulated mononuclear cells from human blood was found to be reduced in the presence of N-Ala-Pro-O-(nitrobenzoyl-)-hydroxylamine, epsilon-(4"-nitro) benzoxycarbonyl-Lys-Pro, and anti-(DP IV) immunoglobulin in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	14-27
2785241-1	1989	We constructed mutant protein kinase C (PKC) cDNAs which expressed PKC activity in vivo in the absence of phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	40-43
2785241-5	1989	Phorbol ester binding activity was absent in both constructs but was preserved in another hybrid gene, PKCA, which was composed of the coding region for 1 to 253 amino acids of PKC alpha at the N-terminal side and the coding region for 18 to 350 amino acids of PKA at the C-terminal side.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	103-107
2785241-5	1989	Phorbol ester binding activity was absent in both constructs but was preserved in another hybrid gene, PKCA, which was composed of the coding region for 1 to 253 amino acids of PKC alpha at the N-terminal side and the coding region for 18 to 350 amino acids of PKA at the C-terminal side.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	177-186
2785241-6	1989	These results indicate that elimination of the regulatory domain of PKC produces constitutively active PKC that can bypass activation by the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	68-71
2785241-6	1989	These results indicate that elimination of the regulatory domain of PKC produces constitutively active PKC that can bypass activation by the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	103-106
2564215-3	1989	Production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon by mitogen plus phorbol ester-stimulated mononuclear cells from human blood was found to be reduced in the presence of N-Ala-Pro-O-(nitrobenzoyl-)-hydroxylamine, epsilon-(4"-nitro) benzoxycarbonyl-Lys-Pro, and anti-(DP IV) immunoglobulin in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
2564215-3	1989	Production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon by mitogen plus phorbol ester-stimulated mononuclear cells from human blood was found to be reduced in the presence of N-Ala-Pro-O-(nitrobenzoyl-)-hydroxylamine, epsilon-(4"-nitro) benzoxycarbonyl-Lys-Pro, and anti-(DP IV) immunoglobulin in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	272-277
2462560-7	1989	These responses to TGF-beta 1 are lost upon phorbol ester-induced differentiation of THP-1 cells into the macrophage phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	19-29
2917651-8	1989	PKC is the presumed site of action of the tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
2493392-0	1989	Treatment of intact hepatocytes with either the phorbol ester TPA or glucagon elicits the phosphorylation and functional inactivation of the inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein Gi.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	62-65
2493392-3	1989	Challenge of hepatocytes with the tumour promoting phorbol ester TPA, however, elicited a marked enhancement of the phosphorylation state of alpha-Gi.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	65-68
2466532-5	1989	Phorbol ester (PMA) did not alter SP content but significantly raised CGRP content by 40% in NGF supplemented cultures (P less than 0.001).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
2536028-0	1989	Regulation of apolipoprotein E biosynthesis by cAMP and phorbol ester in rat ovarian granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	14-30
2536028-6	1989	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (100 ng/ml), a protein kinase C stimulator, increases apoE accumulation in the medium 8-10-fold, while 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, the inactive phorbol congener, has no such effect.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	109-113
2561942-7	1989	Analysis of the purified protein confirms that it has authentic mammalian PKC characteristics with respect to phospholipid dependence and phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	protein kinase C gamma	Bos taurus	74-77
2909543-5	1989	The addition of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, to a monolayer during bradykinin-evoked oscillations abolished the oscillations and lowered [Ca2+]i partway back toward the basal level.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	83-93
2650866-6	1989	The LFA-1 expression disappears progressively after removal of the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	4-9
2561951-1	1989	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters (TPA) results in a modification of the cyclic AMP system leading to either attenuation or amplification of the cyclic AMP signal.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-30
2561951-1	1989	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters (TPA) results in a modification of the cyclic AMP system leading to either attenuation or amplification of the cyclic AMP signal.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
2561951-3	1989	The effect appeared to be mediated by PKC since diacylglycerols caused the same amplification as did TPA while inactive phorbol esters were without effect.	Phorbol Esters	120-134	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
2535842-8	1989	Surprisingly, the protein kinase inhibitor-expression vector reduced the effects of several different agents including epidermal growth factor, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, phorbol esters, and estrogen on prolactin gene expression to the same extent as it altered cAMP effects.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	207-216
2492402-15	1989	In CTV-2 and BV173, the expression of CD30 was greatly increased after induction with phorbol ester or TNF.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	TNF receptor superfamily member 8	Homo sapiens	38-42
2462937-1	1989	A cDNA clone encoding the human monocyte antigen CD14 was isolated by transient expression in COS cells of a cDNA library prepared from phorbol diester-treated HL60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	136-151	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	49-53
2642028-7	1989	In addition vanadate also induced IL-2 secretion in Jurkat cells when associated with the phorbol ester TPA, further demonstrating the importance of these phosphorylation reactions in the process of T cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
2540955-4	1989	When the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or serum is added to cultures of U-1690 cells the Mr 66,000 polypeptide is rapidly enriched while the Mr 60,000 form is decreased in the L-myc immunoprecipitates.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	MYCL proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	204-209
2653649-11	1989	Phorbol esters also stimulated similar gene expression; however, cyclic AMP analog inhibited phorbol ester or ligand-induced c-myc expression and ODC mRNA accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	125-130
2535800-0	1989	Growth hormone-releasing factor secretion from fetal hypothalamic cell cultures is modulated by forskolin, phorbol esters, and muscimol.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
2698313-13	1989	Studies with several fibroblast and epithelial-derived cell lines in culture indicate that secretion of osteopontin can be dramatically increased when these cells are treated with phorbol esters, growth factors and hormones.	Phorbol Esters	180-194	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	104-115
2462494-4	1989	In R2C cells, the endogenous prodynorphin gene and cellular levels of prodynophin-derived peptides are positively regulated by cAMP analogs, while phorbol esters exert a slight negative regulation of the prodynorphin mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	147-161	prodynorphin	Rattus norvegicus	204-216
2540955-5	1989	This effect is correlated with the ability of phorbol ester and diacylglycerol analogues to activate protein kinase C. The TPA-induced phosphorylation of the L-myc protein occurs in a protein synthesis-independent manner as it is not inhibited by cycloheximide or anisomycin.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	MYCL proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	158-163
2537733-1	1989	A 630-bp fragment of the human interleukin 2 (IL 2) promoter (+51 to -584) permitted expression of a reporter gene transfected into a mouse T cell lymphoma line (EL4) upon induction with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	31-44
2659507-3	1989	The BM B cells required two signals for GM-CSF production: LPS and a tumor promoting phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	85-98	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	40-46
2547280-10	1989	In contrast, the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, produced a biphasic change in the level of choline acetyltransferase activity; with lower doses stimulating and higher doses inhibiting the enzyme activity.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	choline acetyltransferase	Mus musculus	108-133
2547602-4	1989	These data not only demonstrate an insulin-like effect of phorbol esters in adipose tissue but they lend support to the concept of diacylglycerol involvement in the mechanism of insulin action.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	insulin	Homo sapiens	35-42
15493272-7	1989	The study therefore indicates that although a major part of unstimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated lymphocyte-EC adhesion is dependent upon LFA-1, the enhanced adhesion due to stimulation of EC with IL-1 is not dependent upon this molecule.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	143-148
2537733-1	1989	A 630-bp fragment of the human interleukin 2 (IL 2) promoter (+51 to -584) permitted expression of a reporter gene transfected into a mouse T cell lymphoma line (EL4) upon induction with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
2537733-1	1989	A 630-bp fragment of the human interleukin 2 (IL 2) promoter (+51 to -584) permitted expression of a reporter gene transfected into a mouse T cell lymphoma line (EL4) upon induction with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	162-165
2642577-5	1989	Using this approach, TNF transcripts were detectable in HL-60 cells induced along the monocytic lineage by phorbol ester but not in uninduced cells.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	21-24
2491757-1	1989	The effects of age on the activity and translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) and on the facilitation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) release induced by PKC activation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate were investigated.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	163-166
2494431-0	1989	Role of arachidonic acid metabolism in transcriptional induction of tumor necrosis factor gene expression by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	68-89
2811602-0	1989	Regulation of thyroid peroxidase activity by thyrotropin, epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester in porcine thyroid follicles cultured in suspension.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	thyroid peroxidase	Homo sapiens	14-32
2661946-0	1989	Insulin reverses the growth retardation effect of phorbol ester in chicken embryos during organogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	insulin	Gallus gallus	0-7
2661946-6	1989	These data, generated with an in vivo whole embryo, These data, generated with an in vivo whole embryo, support the strong link between the mode of action of insulin and signal transduction mechanisms typical of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	212-226	insulin	Gallus gallus	158-165
2538722-0	1989	An AP-2 element acts synergistically with the cyclic AMP- and phorbol ester-inducible enhancer of the human proenkephalin gene.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	3-7
2538722-0	1989	An AP-2 element acts synergistically with the cyclic AMP- and phorbol ester-inducible enhancer of the human proenkephalin gene.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	proenkephalin	Homo sapiens	108-121
2538722-1	1989	An enhancer with two DNA elements, one containing the sequence CGTCA, is required for cyclic AMP- and phorbol ester-inducible transcription of the human proenkephalin gene.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	proenkephalin	Homo sapiens	153-166
2538722-2	1989	We report that an AP-2 element located adjacent to the enhancer acts synergistically with it to confer maximal response to cyclic AMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	18-22
20504392-3	1989	These differentiative agents, as well as phorbol esters or membrane depolarization, are eventually able to elicit the expression of signal-sensitive genome trans-activators, like the nuclear oncogene c-fos.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	200-205
2496327-0	1989	Effects of phorbol esters and a calcium ionophore on angiotensin II binding in rat brain synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	53-67
2496327-2	1989	In the present study we investigated the effects of the protein kinase C (PKC) agonist phorbol esters (PE) and also a calcium ionophore (A23187) on the specific binding of [125I]Ang II to brain synaptosomes prepared from rats of different ages.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	178-184
2496327-2	1989	In the present study we investigated the effects of the protein kinase C (PKC) agonist phorbol esters (PE) and also a calcium ionophore (A23187) on the specific binding of [125I]Ang II to brain synaptosomes prepared from rats of different ages.	Phorbol Esters	103-105	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	178-184
2789690-9	1989	Certain tumor promoters that lack oxidizing properties may generate a cellular prooxidant state by a variety of mechanisms (e.g., it had been reported that the phorbol ester PMA decreases the activities of catalase and SOD in mouse skin).	Phorbol Esters	160-173	catalase	Mus musculus	206-214
2789690-9	1989	Certain tumor promoters that lack oxidizing properties may generate a cellular prooxidant state by a variety of mechanisms (e.g., it had been reported that the phorbol ester PMA decreases the activities of catalase and SOD in mouse skin).	Phorbol Esters	160-173	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	219-222
2629775-2	1989	The phorbol ester (TPA) also triggered a rapid increase in S6 kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	59-68
2511502-6	1989	Forskolin (10 microM), the calcium ionophore A23187 (100 nM), and the active phorbol ester beta-12 myristrate 13-acetate (10 nM), each significantly increased neurotensin release compared with basal peptide secretion.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	neurotensin	Canis lupus familiaris	159-170
2511502-7	1989	The concomitant application of ionophore and phorbol ester resulted in a marked increase in neurotensin release and this stimulatory response was inhibited over 70% by somatostatin (100 nM).	Phorbol Esters	45-58	neurotensin	Canis lupus familiaris	92-103
2474814-0	1989	Phorbol ester potentiates VIP-stimulated amylase release in rat pancreatic acini.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
2629164-10	1989	The dose-dependence of morphological changes was compared and contrasted to the dose-dependent effect of phorbol esters on bradykinin-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	123-133
2904811-3	1988	The response to H2O2 closely resembled the adhesive response of U-937 cells to phorbol esters in its time dependency, requirement for extracellular Mg2+ and inhibition by cytochalasin B as well as inhibition by monoclonal antibodies against the leucocyte adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	274-279
2904811-3	1988	The response to H2O2 closely resembled the adhesive response of U-937 cells to phorbol esters in its time dependency, requirement for extracellular Mg2+ and inhibition by cytochalasin B as well as inhibition by monoclonal antibodies against the leucocyte adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	284-288
2518685-5	1989	Mutations of the basic amino acids in fos protein prevent binding to TPA (phorbol ester)-responsive element (TRE) in the presence of wild-type jun protein.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	38-41
2974179-8	1988	The putative DNA-binding domain of CREB is structurally similar to the corresponding domains in the phorbol ester-responsive c-jun protein and the yeast transcription factor GCN4.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
2974179-8	1988	The putative DNA-binding domain of CREB is structurally similar to the corresponding domains in the phorbol ester-responsive c-jun protein and the yeast transcription factor GCN4.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	125-130
2974179-8	1988	The putative DNA-binding domain of CREB is structurally similar to the corresponding domains in the phorbol ester-responsive c-jun protein and the yeast transcription factor GCN4.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	174-178
3263969-0	1988	Coordination and reversibility of signals for proliferative activation and interleukin-2 mRNA production in resting human T lymphocytes by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	75-88
3265048-0	1988	Proteolytic degradation of protein kinase C in the phorbol ester-induced interleukin-2 secreting thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	73-86
3063212-9	1988	The response of CPT-I activity to insulin, glucagon, vasopressin, and phorbol ester was blunted in cells derived from ethanol-fed rats.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	16-21
2848709-0	1988	Additive feature of long-term potentiation and phorbol ester-induced synaptic enhancement in the mossy fiber-CA3 synapse.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	carbonic anhydrase 3	Cavia porcellus	109-112
2464997-6	1988	These results suggest that, although activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters can inhibit the substance P receptor-linked phospholipase C pathway, this mechanism apparently plays little, if any, role in regulating this system after activation by substance P.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	tachykinin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-122
3265621-6	1988	IL-3-mediated activation of the Na+/H+ exchange is not observed in FDCP-Mix 1 cells where protein kinase C levels have been down-modulated by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	0-4
2907482-1	1988	MPC-11 mouse plasmacytoma cells virtually lacking intermediate filament (IF) proteins can be induced to synthesize and accumulate the IF protein vimentin by treatment with the tumor promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	192-205	vimentin	Mus musculus	145-153
2848709-2	1988	We examined the relationship between this phorbol ester-induced enhancement of synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP) quantitatively in the mossy fiber-CA3 synapse of the guinea pig hippocampus in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	carbonic anhydrase 3	Cavia porcellus	168-171
2853739-1	1988	Using primary culture of atrial cardiocytes from neonatal rats, we have demonstrated that alpha 1-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic agonists have a direct stimulatory effect on secretion of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and that ANF secretion is stimulated by phorbol ester, Ca2+ ionophore, high K+-induced depolarization and Ca2+-channel agonists.	Phorbol Esters	266-279	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	194-219
3192624-0	1988	Enhancement of phorbol ester-induced protein kinase activity in human neutrophils by platelet-activating factor.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	85-111
2846891-4	1988	Treatment of rev-expressing cells with phorbol ester, a specific activator of protein kinase C, led to significant but transient enhancement of the level of rev phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	Rev	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	13-16
3142956-6	1988	The tumor-promoting phorbol diester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) also acted synergistically with the three CSFs (IL-3, GM-CSF, and M-CSF) to stimulate the proliferation of BDM-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-35	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	129-133
3142956-6	1988	The tumor-promoting phorbol diester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) also acted synergistically with the three CSFs (IL-3, GM-CSF, and M-CSF) to stimulate the proliferation of BDM-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-35	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	135-141
3142956-6	1988	The tumor-promoting phorbol diester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) also acted synergistically with the three CSFs (IL-3, GM-CSF, and M-CSF) to stimulate the proliferation of BDM-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-35	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	136-141
2846891-4	1988	Treatment of rev-expressing cells with phorbol ester, a specific activator of protein kinase C, led to significant but transient enhancement of the level of rev phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	Rev	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	157-160
3265113-3	1988	Levels of hCS-1 gene mRNA and hCS release were increased by thyroid hormone, dexamethasone, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analogue (8-bromo-cAMP), and phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	161-174	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
2977423-7	1988	These studies indicate that phorbol esters deliver bidirectional signals that both inhibit Ti-CD3-dependent phosphoinositide hydrolysis and augment IL-2 production in LBRM-33 cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	148-152
3265113-3	1988	Levels of hCS-1 gene mRNA and hCS release were increased by thyroid hormone, dexamethasone, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analogue (8-bromo-cAMP), and phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	161-174	holocarboxylase synthetase	Homo sapiens	10-13
3194423-4	1988	In the human monocytic cell line THP-1, the expression of both acetyl LDL receptor activity and a 220-kDa acetyl LDL binding protein were dramatically induced in parallel after differentiation to a macrophage-like state induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	231-244	low density lipoprotein receptor	Bos taurus	70-82
3194423-4	1988	In the human monocytic cell line THP-1, the expression of both acetyl LDL receptor activity and a 220-kDa acetyl LDL binding protein were dramatically induced in parallel after differentiation to a macrophage-like state induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	231-244	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
2973787-5	1988	Furthermore, detection of CSF-1 transcripts was associated with secretion of CSF-1 protein that was increased after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
2460462-0	1988	Phorbol ester modulates interleukin 6- and interleukin 1-regulated expression of acute phase plasma proteins in hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	24-37
2460462-0	1988	Phorbol ester modulates interleukin 6- and interleukin 1-regulated expression of acute phase plasma proteins in hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	43-56
2460462-2	1988	Phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), partially mimics the stimulatory effect of IL-6 but reduces that effect of IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	102-106
2973787-5	1988	Furthermore, detection of CSF-1 transcripts was associated with secretion of CSF-1 protein that was increased after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
2460462-2	1988	Phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), partially mimics the stimulatory effect of IL-6 but reduces that effect of IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	134-138
2973787-9	1988	While phorbol ester treatment was associated with increased c-fms mRNA levels in choriocarcinoma cells, this agent had no effect on CSF-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	60-65
3196353-0	1988	Inhibition of phorbol ester-caused induction of ornithine decarboxylase and tumor promotion in mouse skin by staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C. We found that staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C, inhibits induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and tumor promotion caused by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in CD-1 mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	48-71
3196353-0	1988	Inhibition of phorbol ester-caused induction of ornithine decarboxylase and tumor promotion in mouse skin by staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C. We found that staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C, inhibits induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and tumor promotion caused by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in CD-1 mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	255-278
3196353-0	1988	Inhibition of phorbol ester-caused induction of ornithine decarboxylase and tumor promotion in mouse skin by staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C. We found that staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C, inhibits induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and tumor promotion caused by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in CD-1 mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	280-283
2460455-0	1988	Cyclic AMP potentiates phorbol ester stimulation of tissue plasminogen activator release and inhibits secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 from human endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	52-80
3056746-0	1988	Phorbol ester-responsive H-ras1 gene promoter contains multiple TPA-inducible/AP-1-binding consensus sequence elements.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	25-31
2460455-9	1988	These studies indicate that activation of a cAMP-dependent pathway(s) in coordination with phorbol ester-induced responses plays a central role in modifying the tPA and PAI-1 secretion from endothelial cells, leading to a profibrinolytic state in the endothelial environment.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	169-174
2972629-7	1988	The depressed proliferative response of CD2+ TIL could not be reversed in vitro when phorbol-esters were used in combination with ionomycin, which bypass the TCR.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	40-43
3265337-2	1988	The evidence is consistent with protein kinase C (PKC) being both necessary and sufficient to induce expression of the ODC gene in response to treatment of T-cells with either the mitogen concanavalin A (Con A) or biologically active phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	234-248	ornithine decarboxylase	Bos taurus	119-122
3056410-0	1988	Phorbol ester treatment inhibits thrombin but not stable GTP analogue-induced platelet granule secretion despite inhibition of phosphatidate formation with both agonists.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	33-41
3056410-1	1988	Previous work has demonstrated that pre-treatment of platelets with phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C eg phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) results in an inhibition of inositol phospholipid breakdown and granule secretion induced by physiological agonists such as thrombin and collagen.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	279-287
2460372-0	1988	Adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) inhibits phorbol ester-induced growth of an IL-2-dependent T cell line.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	88-92
2847543-8	1988	Furthermore the phorbol ester derivative, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate, dramatically stimulated gastrin release (10 times the basal value).	Phorbol Esters	16-29	gastrin	Homo sapiens	105-112
3056271-1	1988	Reuber H35 rat hepatoma cells respond to insulin or to tumor promoting phorbol esters with an increase in ornithine decarboxylase enzyme activity.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-129
3052858-1	1988	Previous studies in this laboratory have demonstrated that the adhesion of T lymphocytes to endothelial cell (EC) monolayers in vitro can be increased by preincubation of the EC with interferon-gamma, interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or by stimulation of the T cells with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	325-339	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	183-199
3263150-0	1988	Phorbol ester induces expression and function of interleukin-2 receptors on a human leukemic cell line with a T-cell precursor phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	49-62
3139288-5	1988	In addition both pro-1 and pro-2 transfectants showed inhibition of phorbol ester induced transformation by antipromoters ganglioside GT1b, ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N",N"-tetraacetic acid, and forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	proline dehydrogenase	Mus musculus	17-22
2846726-1	1988	Preincubation of human neutrophils with recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha has previously been shown by us to enhance superoxide production of neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.	Phorbol Esters	246-259	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-79
3182205-0	1988	Effect of phorbol esters on rat lacrimal gland protein secretion.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	secretoglobin, family 1B, member 24	Rattus norvegicus	32-54
3142884-0	1988	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate the proliferation of interleukin-3 dependent cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	62-75
3142884-1	1988	To determine whether activation of protein kinase C is involved in the proliferation of interleukin-3 (IL-3) -dependent cells, we examined the effect of tumor-promoting phorbol esters on the in vitro proliferation of the IL-3-dependent cell lines FD and DA-1.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	221-225
3142884-9	1988	When DA-1 cells were exposed to the calcium ionophore A23187 in addition to both a phorbol ester and IL-3, their proliferation was enhanced over that stimulated by only the phorbol ester and IL-3.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	101-105
3262618-9	1988	Overall, the data show that transcriptional activation of the PAI-1 gene forms part of the pleiotropic responses to tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
2908233-1	1988	Forskolin and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate stimulate prolactin and GH release from ovine anterior pituitary cells cultured in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	prolactin	Homo sapiens	79-88
2856252-2	1988	This highly pigmented line is phorbol ester (TPA) dependent for in vitro growth, suggesting activation and/or down regulation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) is essential for mitogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	45-48
3263853-1	1988	The acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 secretes predominantly IL-1 beta after treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide and tumour promoting phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	149-162	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
3140380-3	1988	The fractionated inhibitor can inactivate NF-kappa B from various sources--including the nuclei of phorbol ester-treated cells--in a specific, saturable, and reversible manner.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	42-52
3140380-5	1988	An active phorbol ester must therefore, presumably by activation of protein kinase C, cause dissociation of a cytoplasmic complex of NF-kappa B and I kappa B by modifying I kappa B. this releases active NF-kappa B which can translocate into the nucleus to activate target enhancers.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	133-143
3140380-5	1988	An active phorbol ester must therefore, presumably by activation of protein kinase C, cause dissociation of a cytoplasmic complex of NF-kappa B and I kappa B by modifying I kappa B. this releases active NF-kappa B which can translocate into the nucleus to activate target enhancers.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	203-213
2971431-0	1988	Alteration of fibronectin receptors (integrins) in phorbol ester-treated human promonocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	14-25
2846298-1	1988	The release of the prostanoids prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane induced by zymosan and phorbol ester in cultured rat Kupffer cells was found to depend on the extracellular concentration of Ca2+ to some extent.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	221-224
2846298-3	1988	A half-maximal rate of PGE2 release by cells treated with zymosan, phorbol ester or A23187 was obtained at 0.6-0.7 microM free extracellular Ca2+ and greater than or equal to 100 microM free Ca2+ was required to stimulate PGE2 formation maximally.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
2846298-3	1988	A half-maximal rate of PGE2 release by cells treated with zymosan, phorbol ester or A23187 was obtained at 0.6-0.7 microM free extracellular Ca2+ and greater than or equal to 100 microM free Ca2+ was required to stimulate PGE2 formation maximally.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	191-194
2846298-8	1988	The data presented here suggest that Ca2+-dependent reactions are involved in the synthesis of prostanoids induced by zymosan and phorbol ester and that both extracellular Ca2+ and mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores are needed to induce maximally the production of prostanoids in cultured rat Kupffer cells.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
2971431-3	1988	Treatment of U-937 or THP-1 cells with phorbol esters induced these cells to express different integrins with electrophoretic mobilities (alpha, Mr 140,000; beta, Mr 115,000, nonreduced) identical to those from normal human peripheral blood monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
3052447-1	1988	Interleukin 1 beta mRNA was induced with phorbol ester, not LPS, in the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937, but interleukin 1 alpha mRNA was not induced.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-18
2902085-0	1988	Phorbol ester and neomycin dissociate bradykinin receptor-mediated arachidonic acid release and polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	38-48
3052447-2	1988	Nuclear run-on analysis showed that phorbol ester induced the transcription of interleukin 1 beta but did not induce it in the presence of cycloheximide.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	79-97
3052447-4	1988	Dexamethasone, an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agent, decreased the level of interleukin 1 beta mRNA induced with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	88-106
2844758-0	1988	Differences in transferrin receptor function between normal developing and transformed myogenic cells as revealed by differential effects of phorbol ester on receptor distribution and rates of iron uptake.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	transferrin	Homo sapiens	15-26
2844758-7	1988	The data for normal myogenic cells are similar to those previously reported for normal erythroid cells, but differ from those for some transformed cell lines in which phorbol esters were shown to cause internalization of transferrin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	167-181	transferrin	Homo sapiens	221-232
2844431-0	1988	Chromosomal and c-K-ras oncogene alterations induced by a chemical carcinogen and phorbol ester in skin fibroblasts of individuals with familial polyposis coli.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	16-23
3143357-1	1988	Ca2+ and phorbol esters stimulate platelet aggregation and secretion synergistically through protein kinase C. Low concentrations of Ca2+-mobilizing agonists such as vasopressin, platelet-activating factor, ADP, the endoperoxide analogue U44069 and the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 enhance the binding of [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PdBu) to intact human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	166-177
3168161-0	1988	Spin-labeled phorbol esters and their interactions with cellular membranes.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	spindlin 1	Mus musculus	0-4
3224382-3	1988	Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) as well as phorbol ester (TPA) also stimulated the phosphorylation of these proteins.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
2971556-1	1988	The effect of a tumor-promoting phorbol ester on the binding of fibronectin-coated beads to 3T3-L1 cells was studied to clarify the relationship between the binding of fibronectin to the cells, cell adhesion, and the organization of actin filaments.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	64-75
2847932-3	1988	While the progression activity of IL 4 was enhanced by continued co-culture with P(Bu)2, that of sol-CD23 was found to be more strictly dependent upon such a joint application with the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	101-105
2847932-6	1988	When added to B cells concomitantly with, or prior to, a high dose of phorbol ester, IL 4 unexpectedly down-regulated the subsequent mitogenic response to this agent whereas, when added 24 h later, IL 4 up-regulated such stimulations.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	85-89
2971556-1	1988	The effect of a tumor-promoting phorbol ester on the binding of fibronectin-coated beads to 3T3-L1 cells was studied to clarify the relationship between the binding of fibronectin to the cells, cell adhesion, and the organization of actin filaments.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	168-179
2459203-4	1988	Moreover, antibodies to DAF induce T cell proliferation when the cells are co-stimulated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)	Homo sapiens	24-27
2464075-9	1988	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate was found to reduce intracellular MBP RNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	87-90
2851617-0	1988	Phorbol ester decreases cytosolic retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP) capacity in normal but not psoriatic epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
3152600-0	1988	Modulation of c-myc oncogene expression by phorbol ester and interferon-gamma: appraisal by flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	14-19
3152600-8	1988	The extent and kinetics of c-myc oncoprotein induction have been determined following phorbol ester, 12-O tetradecanoylphorbol 13 acetate (TPA) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) exposure of both HL-60 and Daudi cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	27-32
3139454-5	1988	Furthermore, the t-PA preparations, produced by phorbol ester-treated melanoma cells, were free of type IV and thus differed physiochemically from the constitutively produced t-PA preparations.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	17-21
2458349-8	1988	When cells were incubated continuously with TRH, there was a recovery of 125I-EGF binding after 24 h. Incubation with the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester TPA caused an immediate (less than 10 min) profound (greater than 85%) decrease in 125I-EGF binding followed by partial recovery at 24 h. Maximally effective doses of TRH and TPA decreased EGF receptor affinity with half-times of 3 min.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
2458349-8	1988	When cells were incubated continuously with TRH, there was a recovery of 125I-EGF binding after 24 h. Incubation with the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester TPA caused an immediate (less than 10 min) profound (greater than 85%) decrease in 125I-EGF binding followed by partial recovery at 24 h. Maximally effective doses of TRH and TPA decreased EGF receptor affinity with half-times of 3 min.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
2458349-8	1988	When cells were incubated continuously with TRH, there was a recovery of 125I-EGF binding after 24 h. Incubation with the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester TPA caused an immediate (less than 10 min) profound (greater than 85%) decrease in 125I-EGF binding followed by partial recovery at 24 h. Maximally effective doses of TRH and TPA decreased EGF receptor affinity with half-times of 3 min.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	252-255
2458349-8	1988	When cells were incubated continuously with TRH, there was a recovery of 125I-EGF binding after 24 h. Incubation with the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester TPA caused an immediate (less than 10 min) profound (greater than 85%) decrease in 125I-EGF binding followed by partial recovery at 24 h. Maximally effective doses of TRH and TPA decreased EGF receptor affinity with half-times of 3 min.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	331-334
2458349-8	1988	When cells were incubated continuously with TRH, there was a recovery of 125I-EGF binding after 24 h. Incubation with the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester TPA caused an immediate (less than 10 min) profound (greater than 85%) decrease in 125I-EGF binding followed by partial recovery at 24 h. Maximally effective doses of TRH and TPA decreased EGF receptor affinity with half-times of 3 min.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	252-255
2458349-11	1988	TRH and TPA were both much less effective in cells pretreated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
3138233-1	1988	The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor is regulated by EGF-stimulated autophosphorylation and by phorbol ester-stimulated, protein kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme) mediated phosphorylation at identified sites.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	4-42
3417778-2	1988	Treatment of these cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a potent activator of protein kinase C, was found to cause a rapid dispersal of AChR clusters, as monitored by fluorescence microscopy of cells labeled with tetramethylrhodamine-conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	cholinergic receptor nicotinic delta subunit	Gallus gallus	172-176
3264151-0	1988	Mechanism of cellular effect of phorbol esters on action of arginine vasopressin and angiotensin II on rat vascular smooth muscle cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	69-80
3264151-0	1988	Mechanism of cellular effect of phorbol esters on action of arginine vasopressin and angiotensin II on rat vascular smooth muscle cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	85-99
3261635-2	1988	Internalization of CD4 molecules is observed after exposure of CD4+ T cells to either phorbol esters or appropriate antigen-bearing target cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-22
3261635-2	1988	Internalization of CD4 molecules is observed after exposure of CD4+ T cells to either phorbol esters or appropriate antigen-bearing target cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	63-66
2900701-0	1988	Qualitative and quantitative effects on epidermal Langerhans (Ia+) and Thy-1+ dendritic cells following topical application of phorbol diesters and mezerein.	Phorbol Esters	127-143	thymus cell antigen 1, theta	Mus musculus	71-76
3053427-7	1988	The expression of Pgp-1 on lymphocytes was markedly increased after stimulation with mitogens, or with phorbol esters and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	18-23
2457620-7	1988	Two intracellular signals, supplied in vitro by phorbol ester and one of several agents capable of increasing intracellular free calcium concentrations, are required for the initiation of TCA3 transcription.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	C-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
3141549-0	1988	Phorbol ester pretreatment attenuates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing factor in cultured rat pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	42-56
2842394-7	1988	In contrast, both the TCR/CD3 loss variants and TCR/CD3-modulated T-T hybrids remain fully responsive to stimulation with a calcium ionophore and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	26-29
2842394-7	1988	In contrast, both the TCR/CD3 loss variants and TCR/CD3-modulated T-T hybrids remain fully responsive to stimulation with a calcium ionophore and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	52-55
3141549-0	1988	Phorbol ester pretreatment attenuates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing factor in cultured rat pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	58-60
3141549-0	1988	Phorbol ester pretreatment attenuates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing factor in cultured rat pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	74-93
3141549-1	1988	The effect of phorbol ester pretreatment on rat (r) GH release induced by GH-releasing factor (GRF) or 8-bromo-cyclic (c)AMP was investigated using rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayers.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	52-54
3141549-1	1988	The effect of phorbol ester pretreatment on rat (r) GH release induced by GH-releasing factor (GRF) or 8-bromo-cyclic (c)AMP was investigated using rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayers.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	74-93
3141549-1	1988	The effect of phorbol ester pretreatment on rat (r) GH release induced by GH-releasing factor (GRF) or 8-bromo-cyclic (c)AMP was investigated using rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayers.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
2842774-0	1988	Identification of the receptor for erythropoietin on human and murine erythroleukemia cells and modulation by phorbol ester and dimethyl sulfoxide.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	35-49
2849742-0	1988	Activation of the c-fos gene by UV and phorbol ester: different signal transduction pathways converge to the same enhancer element.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	18-23
3137569-4	1988	Induction with a calcium ionophore and phorbol ester revealed that potential IL-2 producers not only constitute greater than 85% of the cells with a CD4+ "helper/inducer" phenotype but also constitute over half of the cells with a CD8+ "killer/suppressor" phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	77-81
3045819-9	1988	The secondary rise induced by GnRH could be enhanced by a phorbol ester in a nitrendipine-sensitive fashion.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
3137569-6	1988	By contrast, in response to phorbol ester and either Con A or anti-CD3, the CD8+ cells show an abortive IL-2 production response with rapid disappearance of IL-2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	104-108
3137569-6	1988	By contrast, in response to phorbol ester and either Con A or anti-CD3, the CD8+ cells show an abortive IL-2 production response with rapid disappearance of IL-2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	157-161
3137577-0	1988	Coordinate regulation of mRNAs encoding adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase by phorbol esters in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	40-59
3137577-0	1988	Coordinate regulation of mRNAs encoding adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase by phorbol esters in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	61-92
3137577-0	1988	Coordinate regulation of mRNAs encoding adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase by phorbol esters in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	98-134
3137577-1	1988	Incubation of human thymocytes in the presence of phorbol esters caused a reversible decrease in the mRNAs encoding terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) and an increase in the mRNA encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP; EC 2.4.2.1).	Phorbol Esters	50-64	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	116-152
3137577-1	1988	Incubation of human thymocytes in the presence of phorbol esters caused a reversible decrease in the mRNAs encoding terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) and an increase in the mRNA encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP; EC 2.4.2.1).	Phorbol Esters	50-64	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	154-157
3137577-1	1988	Incubation of human thymocytes in the presence of phorbol esters caused a reversible decrease in the mRNAs encoding terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) and an increase in the mRNA encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP; EC 2.4.2.1).	Phorbol Esters	50-64	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	176-195
3137577-1	1988	Incubation of human thymocytes in the presence of phorbol esters caused a reversible decrease in the mRNAs encoding terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) and an increase in the mRNA encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP; EC 2.4.2.1).	Phorbol Esters	50-64	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	197-200
3137577-1	1988	Incubation of human thymocytes in the presence of phorbol esters caused a reversible decrease in the mRNAs encoding terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) and an increase in the mRNA encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP; EC 2.4.2.1).	Phorbol Esters	50-64	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	251-282
3137577-1	1988	Incubation of human thymocytes in the presence of phorbol esters caused a reversible decrease in the mRNAs encoding terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT; EC 2.7.7.31) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) and an increase in the mRNA encoding purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP; EC 2.4.2.1).	Phorbol Esters	50-64	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	284-287
3137577-2	1988	The effect of phorbol esters on TdT and ADA mRNA levels can be attributed to an apparent decrease in the stability of the mRNAs.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	32-35
3137577-2	1988	The effect of phorbol esters on TdT and ADA mRNA levels can be attributed to an apparent decrease in the stability of the mRNAs.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	40-43
3403071-0	1988	Phorbol-ester-induced stable changes in the regulation of DNA synthesis and intracellular pH are accompanied by altered expression of protein kinase C in the monoblastoid cell line U-937.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	134-150
2843175-4	1988	Sodium azide, which prevents myeloperoxidase activity, inhibited Ca2+ ionophore-induced photonic burst from phorbol ester-treated neutrophil.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	29-44
2900008-1	1988	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) enhances the effects of TRH on phase II of prolactin secretion as well as on hormone synthesis at both low and high TPA receptor occupancy.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
2456698-5	1988	Expression of TCR-beta gene could be induced by phorbol ester in 3 cell lines from postthymic T cell malignancies, indicating that there was functional rearrangement of the TCR-beta gene.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	T cell receptor beta locus	Homo sapiens	14-22
2456698-5	1988	Expression of TCR-beta gene could be induced by phorbol ester in 3 cell lines from postthymic T cell malignancies, indicating that there was functional rearrangement of the TCR-beta gene.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	T cell receptor beta locus	Homo sapiens	173-181
2467648-3	1988	The actions of G-CSF are mediated through a small number of specific cellular receptors which are induced to internalize and accumulate within the cell after binding of G-CSF at 37 degrees C. G-CSF receptors can be lost from the cell surface not only by binding G-CSF, but indirectly by other factors including GM-CSF, Multi-CSF, bacterial lipopolysaccharides, chemotactic peptides and phorbol esters, depending on cell type.	Phorbol Esters	386-400	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	15-20
2900074-0	1988	The role of CD18 in phorbol ester-induced human monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	12-16
3219582-0	1988	Development of phorbol ester (protein kinase C) binding sites in cat visual cortex.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	30-46
3165309-3	1988	We report that similar to K562 cells, MOLT 4, Raji and HL60 cells demonstrate phorbol-ester-induced down-regulation of TfR expression.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	119-122
3219582-1	1988	Tritiated phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate [( 3H]PDBu), a phorbol ester, was utilized to autoradiographically localize protein kinase C (PKC) in the cat visual cortex.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-127
3165309-6	1988	Based on the properties of phorbol ester induction, it is possible that the NK-target molecule is down-regulated in response to phorbol ester induction in a similar, if not identical manner to that of the TfR; thus, rendering NK-sensitive cells resistant to NK killing, after TPA exposure.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	205-208
3165309-6	1988	Based on the properties of phorbol ester induction, it is possible that the NK-target molecule is down-regulated in response to phorbol ester induction in a similar, if not identical manner to that of the TfR; thus, rendering NK-sensitive cells resistant to NK killing, after TPA exposure.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	205-208
3261728-0	1988	Phorbol esters can persistently replace interleukin-2 (IL-2) for the growth of a human IL-2-dependent T-cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
2969804-3	1988	The intracellular concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and the rate of lactate release were increased 2-3-fold in spleen lymphocytes exposed to active phorbol esters, mitogenic lectins, interleukin 4 or lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	192-205
3261728-8	1988	These observations suggest that the sustained activation of PKC by the phorbol esters could induce continuous growth of the IL-2-dependent TPA-Mat cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	124-128
3261728-1	1988	A selected clone from an IL-2-dependent human T-cell line was persistently propagated in the presence of phorbol esters with the ability to activate protein kinase C (PKC), such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or phorbol-12,13-dibutylate (PDBu).	Phorbol Esters	105-119	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
3261728-1	1988	A selected clone from an IL-2-dependent human T-cell line was persistently propagated in the presence of phorbol esters with the ability to activate protein kinase C (PKC), such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or phorbol-12,13-dibutylate (PDBu).	Phorbol Esters	105-119	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	167-170
3261728-8	1988	These observations suggest that the sustained activation of PKC by the phorbol esters could induce continuous growth of the IL-2-dependent TPA-Mat cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	60-63
2844948-4	1988	The relative biological potencies of mezerein and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), to inhibit thyroid function in vitro corresponded to their abilities to activate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	PKC	Sus scrofa	194-197
2840461-7	1988	Phorbol esters were shown to increase steady state levels of ODC mRNA whereas cAMP analogue clearly inhibited the growth factor-induced increase in ODC mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	61-64
2899599-10	1988	Furthermore, the HTLV-I-infected cells showed markedly decreased transferrin receptor phosphorylation and internalization in response to active phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	65-85
2463192-0	1988	Regulation of growth hormone secretion and cyclic AMP metabolism in ovine pituitary cells: interactions involved in activation induced by growth hormone-releasing hormone and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	14-28
2850484-1	1988	The expression of the gene for the murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) is induced in response to viruses, growth factors, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	42-80
2850246-3	1988	The site of action of GPA is at the TRH-induced hydrolysis of phosphoinositides, since increased amounts of mono, bis and tris/tetrakis inositol phosphates were found in treated cells, while the PRL secretion induced by a phorbol ester or a calcium ionophore, treatments which mimic the second messages generated by inositol phospholipid hydrolysis, were not enhanced by GPA.	Phorbol Esters	222-235	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
2850484-1	1988	The expression of the gene for the murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) is induced in response to viruses, growth factors, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	82-86
2839519-0	1988	Regulation of agrin-induced acetylcholine receptor aggregation by Ca++ and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	agrin	Gallus gallus	14-19
3145412-0	1988	The NF-kappa B-binding site mediates phorbol ester-inducible transcription in nonlymphoid cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	4-14
2842754-2	1988	When expressed in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, the chimeric gene product was rapidly transported to the cell surface, was autophosphorylated on tyrosine only in response to human recombinant CSF-1, underwent ligand-induced but not phorbol ester-induced down-modulation, and stimulated CSF-1-dependent cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	189-194
2840203-0	1988	Requirement for fos gene expression in the transcriptional activation of collagenase by other oncogenes and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	16-19
2838469-1	1988	The regulation of T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) gene expression by phorbol ester and cAMP was studied in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	18-41
2838469-1	1988	The regulation of T-cell antigen receptor (TcR) gene expression by phorbol ester and cAMP was studied in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	43-46
2906508-4	1988	Ionomycin in combination with the phorbol ester, TPA, mimics the TRH-elicited PRL release, and SRIH partly inhibited this effect.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
2906508-4	1988	Ionomycin in combination with the phorbol ester, TPA, mimics the TRH-elicited PRL release, and SRIH partly inhibited this effect.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
2455575-14	1988	These results indicate that phorbol diester, TPA, can bring about differentiation and maturation of a human megakaryoblastic cell line (MEG-01s) and that MEG-01s cells will provide a useful model for studying megakaryocytic differentiation and numerous megakaryocyte-platelet-specific proteins.	Phorbol Esters	28-43	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4	Homo sapiens	136-139
2899083-3	1988	Phorbol ester derivatives capable of activating Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) and the calcium ionophore A23187 were found to mimic the NGF induction of Thy-1, but not N-CAM.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Rattus norvegicus	184-189
2899083-5	1988	Increased expression of Thy-1 consequent to phorbol ester, calcium ionophore, or NGF treatment was associated with an increase in the expression of the mRNA species that encodes Thy-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
2899083-5	1988	Increased expression of Thy-1 consequent to phorbol ester, calcium ionophore, or NGF treatment was associated with an increase in the expression of the mRNA species that encodes Thy-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Rattus norvegicus	178-183
2899083-7	1988	Treatment of PC12 cells with high concentrations of phorbol esters was found to inhibit the NGF induction of Thy-1, but not N-CAM.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
3260903-0	1988	Thrombin and histamine activate phospholipase C in human endothelial cells via a phorbol ester-sensitive pathway.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	0-8
3260903-1	1988	The effects of phorbol esters and synthetic diglycerides on thrombin- and histamine-stimulated increases in inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and cytosolic free calcium [( Ca2+]i) were studied in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HEC).	Phorbol Esters	15-29	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	60-68
3136322-1	1988	Transcription of the c-fos proto-oncogene is rapidly induced in the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line by a wide variety of stimuli, including polypeptide growth factors, phorbol esters, and calcium ion fluxes.	Phorbol Esters	172-186	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	21-26
3249235-3	1988	Upon incubation with the phorbol ester phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu, 10(-6) M) for 20 min, PKC activity increased in the membrane-associated fraction and decreased in the cytoplasmic fraction.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
3249235-4	1988	Longer incubations with phorbol ester also induced a decline in membrane-associated PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	84-87
3045687-7	1988	Powerful cancer-promoting phorbol esters act at cell membranes to stimulate ornithine decarboxylase which is essential for cell growth and DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	76-99
3390175-1	1988	Topical application of the phorbol ester TPA to mouse skin causes an increase in the amount of elongation factor 2 (EF-2), a factor in eukaryotic protein synthesis, in the epidermal cytosol (2- to 3-fold) and particulate fraction (7-fold).	Phorbol Esters	27-40	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	95-114
3390175-1	1988	Topical application of the phorbol ester TPA to mouse skin causes an increase in the amount of elongation factor 2 (EF-2), a factor in eukaryotic protein synthesis, in the epidermal cytosol (2- to 3-fold) and particulate fraction (7-fold).	Phorbol Esters	27-40	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	116-120
3130982-1	1988	In response to phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), HL-60 cells differentiate to macrophage-like cells and exhibit the ability to phosphorylate vinculin in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	vinculin	Homo sapiens	174-182
3133247-6	1988	The phorbol ester appears to induce a proteinaceous principle which diminishes PLA2 activity.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	79-83
3260374-1	1988	Expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor gene is stimulated by EGF and the phorbol ester, 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	91-104	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	18-56
3259607-0	1988	Altered expression of lymphocyte differentiation antigens on phorbol ester-activated CD4+8+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	85-88
3259607-2	1988	In this report, phorbol ester-induced changes in the expression of several functionally significant cell surface molecules are explored on immature thymocytes and lymphoma cells presenting a cortical CD4+8+ double-positive (DP) phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	200-203
3286649-2	1988	In vitro, it competes with PEs for binding to whole cells and activates the calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, PK-C.	Phorbol Esters	27-30	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	123-127
2855213-3	1988	Incubation of brain slices in the presence of both baclofen and a phorbol ester amplified the cyclic AMP response to isoproterenol or VIP to a greater degree than that found with either baclofen or the phorbol ester alone, with the increased augmentation appearing to be additive.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
3260374-1	1988	Expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor gene is stimulated by EGF and the phorbol ester, 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	91-104	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	43-46
2453228-3	1988	By themselves, murine colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) were stimulators of DNA synthesis in quiescent or noncycling BMMs, whereas recombinant murine interleukin-3 (IL-3) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), were weak mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	22-49
2453228-3	1988	By themselves, murine colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) were stimulators of DNA synthesis in quiescent or noncycling BMMs, whereas recombinant murine interleukin-3 (IL-3) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), were weak mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	51-56
2453228-3	1988	By themselves, murine colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) were stimulators of DNA synthesis in quiescent or noncycling BMMs, whereas recombinant murine interleukin-3 (IL-3) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), were weak mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	81-107
2453228-3	1988	By themselves, murine colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) were stimulators of DNA synthesis in quiescent or noncycling BMMs, whereas recombinant murine interleukin-3 (IL-3) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), were weak mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	109-115
2453303-12	1988	The induction of epidermal differentiation by phorbol esters was enhanced by ionomycin, suggesting that both protein kinase C activation, elevation of intracellular calcium and PIP turnover were important components of the signal for epidermal differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	177-180
3163272-0	1988	Evidence for separate control by phorbol esters of CD18-dependent adhesion and translocation of protein kinase C in U-937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	51-55
3163272-1	1988	Treatment of U-937 GTB cells with tumor-promoting phorbol esters induced adherence of the cells to plastic, with a t1/2 of 20 min.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	115-125
3163272-7	1988	The results indicate that CD18-dependent adhesion, like DNA synthesis, is controlled by phorbol esters in a manner unrelated to the translocation of protein kinase C and that the control mechanism might involve forms of protein kinase C which are subject to stable down-modulation following TPA adaption of the cells.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
3381308-0	1988	Cyclosporine inhibits ornithine decarboxylase gene expression and acute inflammation in response to phorbol ester treatment of hairless mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	22-45
2837417-5	1988	NGF, FGF, and, to a lesser extent, phorbol esters induced SCG10, whereas EGF and dibutyryl cAMP did not.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	stathmin 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
3131117-3	1988	PRL had no detectable effects on 45Ca2+ uptake or efflux, and the mitogenic effects of PRL could not be reproduced by the calcium ionophore A23187 alone or in combination with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetra-decanoyl-phorbol-13 acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	196-209	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
3136317-0	1988	Release of a phorbol ester-induced mitogenic block by mutation at Thr-654 of the epidermal growth factor receptor.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	81-113
3136317-1	1988	The tumor promoter phorbol ester (TPA) modulates the binding affinity and the mitogenic capacity of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	104-142
2456821-4	1988	In the absence of VIP, the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate, also stimulate somatostatin release.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	128-140
3288202-1	1988	We have previously shown that when H4 hepatoma cells are pretreated with insulin, plant lectins, phorbol esters, or insulin mediator, the steady state concentration of gene 33 mRNA is markedly increased.	Phorbol Esters	97-111	ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	168-175
2966682-5	1988	Furthermore, phorbol ester-mediated stimulation of viral replication in persistently infected cells results in renewed cytolytic effects which, due to the absence of CD4 in the cell population, are absolutely independent of syncytium formation.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	166-169
3163923-0	1988	Phorbol esters stimulate the potassium-induced release of cholecystokinin from slices of cerebral cortex, caudato-putamen and hippocampus incubated in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	58-73
3258883-2	1988	Substantial levels of IL-2 responsiveness were induced in T8+ cells by lectin, Con A, mAb directed against the CD3 Ag, OKT3, Ca2+ ionophore, ionomycin or phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
3282678-8	1988	Fab fragments of antibody 60.3 efficiently inhibited not only monocyte aggregation in the absence or presence of phorbol esters but also adhesion of these cells to autologous or allogeneic T lymphocytes and, to a lesser extent, to plastic surfaces.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	0-3
3046605-0	1988	Phorbol ester inhibits arginine vasopressin activation of phospholipase C and promotes contraction of, and prostaglandin production by, cultured mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	32-43
3163274-1	1988	Induced differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells can be continuously and reversibly inhibited by phorbol ester tumor promoters, e.g. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), for many years, allowing us to study the mechanisms of differentiation and its inhibition by TPA.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	178-181
3163274-1	1988	Induced differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells can be continuously and reversibly inhibited by phorbol ester tumor promoters, e.g. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), for many years, allowing us to study the mechanisms of differentiation and its inhibition by TPA.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	277-280
3258542-8	1988	It was also determined that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate reduces EGF binding to the high affinity receptors of A-431R-1 cells; whereas, transforming growth factor type beta did not significantly affect EGF binding.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	91-94
3365842-0	1988	Differential effects of phorbol esters on c-fos and c-myc and ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	42-47
3365842-1	1988	Hyperplasiogenic and tumor-promoting phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or 12-O-retinoylphorbol-13-acetate induce the sequential transient expression of the proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc and the ornithine decarboxylase gene in mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	198-203
2452078-0	1988	Estrogens, cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate, and phorbol esters modulate the prolactin response of GH3 cells to basic fibroblast growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	116-146
3365842-1	1988	Hyperplasiogenic and tumor-promoting phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or 12-O-retinoylphorbol-13-acetate induce the sequential transient expression of the proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-myc and the ornithine decarboxylase gene in mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	222-245
2452078-5	1988	The effects of bFGF on PRL secretion are potentiated by the addition of estradiol (maximally effective dose 100 pg/ml approximately 10(-10) M) and are further increased by the addition of the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	15-19
2452078-5	1988	The effects of bFGF on PRL secretion are potentiated by the addition of estradiol (maximally effective dose 100 pg/ml approximately 10(-10) M) and are further increased by the addition of the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
2454869-0	1988	Constitutive expression of c-fos antisense RNA blocks c-fos gene induction by interferon and by phorbol ester and reduces c-myc expression in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	27-32
2454869-0	1988	Constitutive expression of c-fos antisense RNA blocks c-fos gene induction by interferon and by phorbol ester and reduces c-myc expression in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	54-59
3287279-5	1988	Addition of phorbol ester tumour promoters, either at the time of plating or as late as after one week, efficiently rescued focus formation by myc-transformed cells.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	143-146
2452208-0	1988	Phorbol ester treatment enhances binding of mononuclear leukocytes to autologous and allogeneic gamma-interferon-treated keratinocytes, which are blocked by anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	162-167
2452208-2	1988	The activation of PBML by phorbol esters (5 to 100 ng/ml) for brief periods of time (5 min to 1 h) at 37 degrees C led to an increase in the relative percentage of adherence to IFN-gamma-treated keratinocytes from 15% for non-activated PBML to 30% for phorbol ester-treated PBML.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	177-186
2452208-2	1988	The activation of PBML by phorbol esters (5 to 100 ng/ml) for brief periods of time (5 min to 1 h) at 37 degrees C led to an increase in the relative percentage of adherence to IFN-gamma-treated keratinocytes from 15% for non-activated PBML to 30% for phorbol ester-treated PBML.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	177-186
2452208-5	1988	Both reduction in temperature to 4 degrees C and preincubation of the phorbol ester-treated PBML with anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, led to complete inhibition of this adherence reaction indicating a role for the LFA-1 molecule in phorbol ester-activated PBML/IFN-gamma-treated keratinocyte reactions.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	107-112
2452208-5	1988	Both reduction in temperature to 4 degrees C and preincubation of the phorbol ester-treated PBML with anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, led to complete inhibition of this adherence reaction indicating a role for the LFA-1 molecule in phorbol ester-activated PBML/IFN-gamma-treated keratinocyte reactions.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	214-219
2452208-5	1988	Both reduction in temperature to 4 degrees C and preincubation of the phorbol ester-treated PBML with anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, led to complete inhibition of this adherence reaction indicating a role for the LFA-1 molecule in phorbol ester-activated PBML/IFN-gamma-treated keratinocyte reactions.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	261-270
2452208-5	1988	Both reduction in temperature to 4 degrees C and preincubation of the phorbol ester-treated PBML with anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, led to complete inhibition of this adherence reaction indicating a role for the LFA-1 molecule in phorbol ester-activated PBML/IFN-gamma-treated keratinocyte reactions.	Phorbol Esters	232-245	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	107-112
2452208-5	1988	Both reduction in temperature to 4 degrees C and preincubation of the phorbol ester-treated PBML with anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody, led to complete inhibition of this adherence reaction indicating a role for the LFA-1 molecule in phorbol ester-activated PBML/IFN-gamma-treated keratinocyte reactions.	Phorbol Esters	232-245	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	214-219
2452208-7	1988	These results suggest that phorbol ester-activated PBML binds twice greater than resting PBML to IFN-gamma-treated keratinocytes, and this increased adherence may further contribute to homing of activated lymphocytes to the epidermis and mononuclear cell trafficking in the skin of inflammatory dermatoses.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	97-106
2835653-0	1988	Staurosporine inhibits protein kinase C and prevents phorbol ester-mediated leukotriene D4 receptor desensitization in RBL-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	RB transcriptional corepressor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
3041347-0	1988	Post-translational alterations of the tyrosine kinase p56lck in response to activators of protein kinase C. We have found in different human cells of lymphoid and non-lymphoid origin that the 56 kilodalton (kDa) lck protein is rapidly converted to a product migrating at approximately 60 kDa (designated p60lck) in response to the phorbol ester 4 alpha-phorbol 12 beta-myristate (PMA) as well as the diacylglycerol analogue 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (diC8).	Phorbol Esters	331-344	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-60
3041347-0	1988	Post-translational alterations of the tyrosine kinase p56lck in response to activators of protein kinase C. We have found in different human cells of lymphoid and non-lymphoid origin that the 56 kilodalton (kDa) lck protein is rapidly converted to a product migrating at approximately 60 kDa (designated p60lck) in response to the phorbol ester 4 alpha-phorbol 12 beta-myristate (PMA) as well as the diacylglycerol analogue 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (diC8).	Phorbol Esters	331-344	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	57-60
2453065-7	1988	Chronic treatment of these cells with phorbol ester "down-regulates" protein kinase C (PKC) and reduces inhibition of the sustained current by NPY.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	143-146
2842906-2	1988	Concanavalin A (Con A) has been found to increase pHi from 7.16 +/- 0.02 to 7.30 +/- 0.02 during the first minutes after addition; the phorbol ester TPA raised pHi to 7.25 +/- 0.02.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Rattus norvegicus	160-163
3259317-3	1988	Phorbol esters were able to partially replace the requirement of FDCP-Mix 1 cells for IL-3.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	86-90
3259317-4	1988	Down-modulation of protein kinase C levels by chronic treatment with phorbol ester markedly reduced the ability of the cells to proliferate in response to either IL-3 or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	162-166
3258598-0	1988	Activation of a Ca2+-inhibitable protein kinase that phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 2 in vitro by growth factors, phorbol esters, and serum in quiescent cultured human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	microtubule associated protein 2	Homo sapiens	68-100
3129195-3	1988	By using a variety of protocols involving the dissociating agents sodium desoxycholate and formamide, as much cytosolic NF-kappa B can be found in the fraction from unstimulated 70Z/3 pre-B cells as is found in the nuclear extract from phorbol ester-activated cells.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	120-130
3128979-3	1988	The activity of membrane-inserted PKC was Ca2+-independent and was only modestly sensitive to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
3401441-1	1988	Stimulation of the macrophage-like cell line THP-1 with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in differentiation into cells with many features of macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
3401441-5	1988	Induction of LPL mRNA in THP-1 cells was dependent upon the concentration of phorbol ester added.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	13-16
3401441-5	1988	Induction of LPL mRNA in THP-1 cells was dependent upon the concentration of phorbol ester added.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	25-30
3130610-2	1988	PAI-1 regulation by glucocorticoids, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and the phorbol ester PMA is shown to be exerted at the promoter level.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
2451608-2	1988	Binding of the antibody to the purified kinase in vitro blocks partial proteolysis by trypsin, and introduction of the Fab fragment into a rodent glioma cell line inhibits phorbol-ester-induced down-regulation of the kinase.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	119-122
3259203-6	1988	Fab fragments of antibody 60.3 inhibited leucocyte adhesion more efficiently, in either the absence or presence of phorbol ester, than the intact antibody molecule.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	0-3
3162885-0	1988	Temporal changes in intracellular distribution of protein kinase C during differentiation of human leukemia HL60 cells induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	50-66
3162455-0	1988	Phorbol esters and diacylglycerols amplify bradykinin-stimulated prostaglandin synthesis in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
3162455-3	1988	However, when cells were preincubated with phorbol esters or OAG, bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis was potentiated markedly.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	66-76
3162455-4	1988	When phorbol esters and OAG were added together, bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis was potentiated in an additive manner.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	49-59
3162455-5	1988	When cells were preincubated for 48 h with phorbol esters, then bradykinin added, amplification of bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis by phorbol ester or OAG was still apparent, even though prolonged pretreatment with phorbol esters abolished protein kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme) activity in cell-free preparations.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	99-109
3162455-5	1988	When cells were preincubated for 48 h with phorbol esters, then bradykinin added, amplification of bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis by phorbol ester or OAG was still apparent, even though prolonged pretreatment with phorbol esters abolished protein kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme) activity in cell-free preparations.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	99-109
3162455-5	1988	When cells were preincubated for 48 h with phorbol esters, then bradykinin added, amplification of bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis by phorbol ester or OAG was still apparent, even though prolonged pretreatment with phorbol esters abolished protein kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme) activity in cell-free preparations.	Phorbol Esters	220-234	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	64-74
3162455-5	1988	When cells were preincubated for 48 h with phorbol esters, then bradykinin added, amplification of bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis by phorbol ester or OAG was still apparent, even though prolonged pretreatment with phorbol esters abolished protein kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme) activity in cell-free preparations.	Phorbol Esters	220-234	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	99-109
3162455-8	1988	Since desensitization or inhibition of protein kinase C only partially reduced the amplification of bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis by phorbol esters or OAG, the possibility is raised that diacylglycerol mimetics may have actions in addition to activation of protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	100-110
2833167-2	1988	We report that membrane preparations from GH3 cells exposed to phorbol esters exhibit decreased vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-stimulated and enhanced forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
2451547-7	1988	PMNs primed with PAF and stimulated with either F-Met-Leu-Phe or phorbol esters are more effective in lysing and detaching cultured human endothelial cells--damage that can also be inhibited by the PAF antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	17-20
2451547-7	1988	PMNs primed with PAF and stimulated with either F-Met-Leu-Phe or phorbol esters are more effective in lysing and detaching cultured human endothelial cells--damage that can also be inhibited by the PAF antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	198-201
2452745-3	1988	As shown here, G-TsF suppresses the growth of an ovalbumin-specific mouse T helper cell clone (OVA-7T) independently of the stimulus used being either (a) antigen in the presence of antigen-presenting cells, or (b) interleukin 2 (IL2) or (c) phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	transforming growth factor beta 2	Homo sapiens	15-20
2452745-4	1988	Furthermore, in the presence of antibodies against IL2 receptors, G-TsF was able to suppress the residual proliferation still observed when OVA-7T were stimulated with phorbol ester/ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	51-54
2452745-4	1988	Furthermore, in the presence of antibodies against IL2 receptors, G-TsF was able to suppress the residual proliferation still observed when OVA-7T were stimulated with phorbol ester/ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	transforming growth factor beta 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
2452745-6	1988	Taken together, the data provide evidence that G-TsF does not directly interfere with interactions of IL2 with its receptor but rather inhibits T cell activation by interfering with an as yet unidentified pathway used by both IL2 and phorbol ester/ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	234-247	transforming growth factor beta 2	Homo sapiens	47-52
2897326-0	1988	Characterization of a CD11c-reactive monoclonal antibody (HC1/1) obtained by immunizing with phorbol ester differentiated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	22-27
2897326-0	1988	Characterization of a CD11c-reactive monoclonal antibody (HC1/1) obtained by immunizing with phorbol ester differentiated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	58-63
2897326-1	1988	A mouse monoclonal antibody (HC1/1) specific for a differentiation marker of human monocytes and granulocytes has been generated by using as immunogen the monocytic cell line U937 differentiated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	200-214	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
2832442-7	1988	The constitutive expression of CSF-1 transcripts was associated with production of CSF-1 protein, although detectable amounts of CSF-1 were not secreted unless the cells were exposed to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
3198652-8	1988	Both inducing and suppressing agents alter endothelial platelet-derived growth factor B/c-sis mRNA expression dominantly through effects upon rates of transcription, cAMP suppression of transcription is dominant, and TGF-beta and phorbol esters mediate induction of transcription through distinct pathways.	Phorbol Esters	230-244	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	88-93
2451615-6	1988	Both G28-5 anti-CDw40 and MA6 anti-BLCa mAb could provide progression signals for B cells activated by appropriate B cell activators such as phorbol esters or anti-immunoglobulin; however, only G28-5 anti-CDw40 and not MA6 was co-stimulatory with the anti-CD20 competence signal, demonstrating a clear difference in the CDw40 and BLCa-mediated progression signals.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	16-21
2831399-0	1988	Phorbol diester-inducible, cyclosporine-suppressible transcription from a novel promoter within the mouse mammary tumor virus env gene.	Phorbol Esters	0-15	gPr73	Mouse mammary tumor virus	126-129
3357885-0	1988	Phorbol ester-induced terminal differentiation is inhibited in human U-937 monoblastic cells expressing a v-myc oncogene.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	108-111
3128291-0	1988	Cyclosporin A inhibits proteolytic cleavage and degradation of membrane-bound protein kinase C in hepatocytes after stimulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	78-94
2831196-5	1988	Furthermore, lpr T cells contained normal levels of the Ca2+- and phospholipid-dependent enzyme, protein kinase C, and the enzyme was translocated from the cytosol to the particulate fraction upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	13-16
2831196-7	1988	The defective step(s) in transmembrane signaling was bypassed by a combination of phorbol ester plus Ca2+ ionophore, which reconstituted proliferative responses of lpr T cells to normal levels, suggesting that: (a) the phosphoinositide signaling pathway plays an obligatory role in T cell activation; and (b) signaling events subsequent to phosphoinositide hydrolysis are, for the most part, intact in lpr T cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	164-167
2831196-7	1988	The defective step(s) in transmembrane signaling was bypassed by a combination of phorbol ester plus Ca2+ ionophore, which reconstituted proliferative responses of lpr T cells to normal levels, suggesting that: (a) the phosphoinositide signaling pathway plays an obligatory role in T cell activation; and (b) signaling events subsequent to phosphoinositide hydrolysis are, for the most part, intact in lpr T cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	402-405
2830903-9	1988	These data demonstrate that tumor-promoting phorbol esters (agonists of protein kinase C), serum and vasopressin, increase the levels of cellular diacylglycerol by stimulating the hydrolysis of choline-containing glycerophospholipids.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	101-112
3129437-0	1988	Phorbol ester treatment increases the exocytic rate of the transferrin receptor recycling pathway independent of serine-24 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transferrin receptor protein 1	Cricetulus griseus	59-79
3129437-1	1988	In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblast cells the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), stimulates an increase in cell surface transferrin receptor (TR) expression by increasing the exocytic rate of the recycling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	transferrin receptor protein 1	Cricetulus griseus	167-187
3129437-1	1988	In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblast cells the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), stimulates an increase in cell surface transferrin receptor (TR) expression by increasing the exocytic rate of the recycling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	transferrin receptor protein 1	Cricetulus griseus	189-191
3125181-0	1988	Phorbol ester-induced serine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor decreases its tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	52-68
2831864-7	1988	The phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, a stimulator of protein kinase C, inhibited thrombin-induced generation of inositol phosphates, enhanced A23187-mediated prostacyclin production, and had complex effects on thrombin-mediated prostacyclin production, but had no effect on its production from extrinsic arachidonic acid.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	101-109
2831864-7	1988	The phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, a stimulator of protein kinase C, inhibited thrombin-induced generation of inositol phosphates, enhanced A23187-mediated prostacyclin production, and had complex effects on thrombin-mediated prostacyclin production, but had no effect on its production from extrinsic arachidonic acid.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	230-238
2451615-6	1988	Both G28-5 anti-CDw40 and MA6 anti-BLCa mAb could provide progression signals for B cells activated by appropriate B cell activators such as phorbol esters or anti-immunoglobulin; however, only G28-5 anti-CDw40 and not MA6 was co-stimulatory with the anti-CD20 competence signal, demonstrating a clear difference in the CDw40 and BLCa-mediated progression signals.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	PNMA family member 6A	Homo sapiens	26-29
3126369-5	1988	B-CLL cells could become responsive with the inclusion of the phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) as co-stimulant such that half of the populations were now activated by IL4, particularly when BCGF was also present.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	191-194
3126226-7	1988	Finally, studies utilizing phorbol diesters suggest that pathways leading through protein kinase C are involved in both the growth inhibition and c-fos expression WEHI-231 following membrane-associated Ig cross-linking.	Phorbol Esters	27-43	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	146-151
2830145-3	1988	Since long-term pretreatment with PDBu was found to enhance the EGF signals, an explanation for the synergism between EGF and phorbol esters in the induction of DNA synthesis is provided.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	64-67
3126739-7	1988	Phorbol diesters also caused interruption of transcription of c-myc.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	62-67
3125257-2	1988	We describe here a new IL-1 titration method which takes advantage of the capacity of a thymoma line, EL4-6.1, to differentiate and express IL-2 receptors upon stimulation by IL-1 in the presence of a suboptimal dose of phorbol diester.	Phorbol Esters	220-235	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	23-27
3125257-2	1988	We describe here a new IL-1 titration method which takes advantage of the capacity of a thymoma line, EL4-6.1, to differentiate and express IL-2 receptors upon stimulation by IL-1 in the presence of a suboptimal dose of phorbol diester.	Phorbol Esters	220-235	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
3345563-6	1988	These results provide direct evidence that PKC plays a critical role in growth control and that it mediates several of the cellular effects of the phorbol ester tumor promoters.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
3257409-3	1988	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, increased c-fos mRNA levels 4- to 5-fold above control.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	67-72
3257770-1	1988	B cell stimulatory factor 1 (BSF-1) (IL-4) was shown to synergize with phorbol esters or with monoclonal anti-TCR antibody in stimulation of the development of CTL from small resting murine T cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	0-27
3257770-1	1988	B cell stimulatory factor 1 (BSF-1) (IL-4) was shown to synergize with phorbol esters or with monoclonal anti-TCR antibody in stimulation of the development of CTL from small resting murine T cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	29-34
3257770-1	1988	B cell stimulatory factor 1 (BSF-1) (IL-4) was shown to synergize with phorbol esters or with monoclonal anti-TCR antibody in stimulation of the development of CTL from small resting murine T cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	37-41
2448301-2	1988	The increase in phorbol ester-induced proenkephalin mRNA was potentiated by low concentrations of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, suggesting an interaction between protein kinase- and Ca2+-mediated processes in the regulation of proenkephalin mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	38-51
2448301-2	1988	The increase in phorbol ester-induced proenkephalin mRNA was potentiated by low concentrations of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, suggesting an interaction between protein kinase- and Ca2+-mediated processes in the regulation of proenkephalin mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	224-237
3162207-1	1988	Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with plasmids containing rat brain protein kinase C-I (PKC-I) cDNA controlled by strong viral promoter/enhancer elements led to PKC-I gene expression as assessed by Northern analysis, cellular binding of phorbol ester, immunoblotting of cellular PKC, and membrane-associated PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	234-247	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	65-90
3162207-1	1988	Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with plasmids containing rat brain protein kinase C-I (PKC-I) cDNA controlled by strong viral promoter/enhancer elements led to PKC-I gene expression as assessed by Northern analysis, cellular binding of phorbol ester, immunoblotting of cellular PKC, and membrane-associated PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	234-247	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	85-90
3162207-1	1988	Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with plasmids containing rat brain protein kinase C-I (PKC-I) cDNA controlled by strong viral promoter/enhancer elements led to PKC-I gene expression as assessed by Northern analysis, cellular binding of phorbol ester, immunoblotting of cellular PKC, and membrane-associated PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	234-247	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	85-88
3276673-2	1988	Both insulin and the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced c-fos mRNA accumulation in cells expressing high numbers of normal human insulin receptors; PMA but not insulin was effective in the cells expressing the mutant receptor.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	170-177
3276673-0	1988	Identification of c-fos sequences involved in induction by insulin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	18-23
3276673-2	1988	Both insulin and the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced c-fos mRNA accumulation in cells expressing high numbers of normal human insulin receptors; PMA but not insulin was effective in the cells expressing the mutant receptor.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	insulin	Homo sapiens	170-177
3276673-1	1988	We evaluated the mechanism of insulin and phorbol ester induction of the proto-oncogene c-fos in Chinese hamster ovary fibroblasts stably transformed with high levels of genes expressing normal or truncated human insulin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein c-Fos	Cricetulus griseus	73-93
3422230-0	1988	Dioctanoylglycerol and phorbol esters regulate transcription of c-myc in human promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	64-69
3258160-6	1988	Phorbol ester significantly increased the IL2 secretion in both the PB and the BM of B-CLL patients.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	42-45
3276673-2	1988	Both insulin and the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced c-fos mRNA accumulation in cells expressing high numbers of normal human insulin receptors; PMA but not insulin was effective in the cells expressing the mutant receptor.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	97-102
2833227-6	1988	Further evidence that this is the case came from experiments in which pretreatment of macrophages with phorbol esters was shown to inhibit both PAF-stimulated [3H]inositol phosphate production and ROI production to a markedly similar degree.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	144-147
2448126-0	1988	The coregulation of secretion and cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid of chromogranin-A and calcitonin by phorbol ester in cells that produce both substances.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	66-80
3257170-2	1988	The tumor cytolytic activity, as well as the number of cells recovered from interleukin 2 (IL-2)-stimulated cultures, was enhanced by the addition of the PK-C stimulator, phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), but not non-PK-C-activating phorbol ester analogues while the Ca2+ ionophore, ionomycin, did not significantly alter development of IL-2-induced tumor cytolytic activity nor enhance cell yield.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	76-89
3257170-2	1988	The tumor cytolytic activity, as well as the number of cells recovered from interleukin 2 (IL-2)-stimulated cultures, was enhanced by the addition of the PK-C stimulator, phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), but not non-PK-C-activating phorbol ester analogues while the Ca2+ ionophore, ionomycin, did not significantly alter development of IL-2-induced tumor cytolytic activity nor enhance cell yield.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	91-95
3257170-2	1988	The tumor cytolytic activity, as well as the number of cells recovered from interleukin 2 (IL-2)-stimulated cultures, was enhanced by the addition of the PK-C stimulator, phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), but not non-PK-C-activating phorbol ester analogues while the Ca2+ ionophore, ionomycin, did not significantly alter development of IL-2-induced tumor cytolytic activity nor enhance cell yield.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	154-158
2448059-0	1988	Phorbol ester increases calcium current and simulates the effects of angiotensin II on cultured neonatal rat heart myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	69-83
3127515-3	1988	Phorbol esters and phospholipase C, activators of PKC, released LH and FSH in a concentration-dependent manner and potentiated the LHRH-induced secretion of gonadotrophins in parallel with their ability to release these hormones alone.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
2448378-3	1988	The level of surface IL-2 antigenic determinants on the T cell clones was decreased in the presence of phorbol esters and increased in the absence of an exogenous source of IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
3162434-0	1988	CR1-receptor recycling in phorbol ester-activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-3
3162434-2	1988	Among these stimuli low doses of phorbol esters have been shown to induce a consistently increased expression of CR1, despite apparently continuous receptor internalization.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	113-116
3346341-12	1988	These results suggest that the genetic defect in 3T3-TNR-2 cells (but not TNR-9 cells) responsible for nonresponsiveness to phorbol esters may be the reduction of Na+K+Cl- cotransport activity.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	tenascin R	Mus musculus	53-56
3257504-2	1988	Recent studies demonstrated that both phorbol esters and antigen stimulation induced the rapid and transient modulation and phosphorylation of T4 on an IL-2-dependent line of cloned peripheral blood T4+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	152-156
3276831-5	1988	Image analysis revealed that the regional distribution of the protein kinase C-like immunoreaction generally agreed with that of phorbol ester-binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	62-76
2892695-0	1988	Negative regulation of atrial natriuretic factor receptor coupled membrane guanylate cyclase by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	23-48
3126303-3	1988	Bypassing the requirements for mitogen-induced increases in [Ca++]i, using the cation ionophore A23187, or activating PK-C with the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), failed to significantly restore SPA-induced IL2 production in cell cultures from burned patients.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	118-122
3257575-2	1988	Phorbol ester and lipopolysaccharide increased the steady-state level of IL-1 beta mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	73-82
3342035-0	1988	The weak immunosuppressant cyclosporine D as well as the immunologically inactive cyclosporine H are potent inhibitors in vivo of phorbol ester TPA-induced biological effects in mouse skin and of Ca2+/calmodulin dependent EF-2 phosphorylation in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	222-226
3122759-0	1988	Posttranslational modification of interleukin-2 is a late event during activation of human T lymphocytes by ionophore A23187 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	34-47
3257235-2	1988	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or other phorbol esters increases the levels of the alpha and beta T cell receptor (TcR-alpha, TcR-beta) mRNA, whereas an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, induced by ionomycin or other Ca2+ ionophores, results in a decrease of alpha and beta TcR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	T cell receptor alpha constant	Homo sapiens	167-176
3257691-6	1988	Staurosporine also reversed the inhibitory action of phorbol esters on thrombin-induced formation of phosphatidic acid.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	71-79
3257235-2	1988	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or other phorbol esters increases the levels of the alpha and beta T cell receptor (TcR-alpha, TcR-beta) mRNA, whereas an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, induced by ionomycin or other Ca2+ ionophores, results in a decrease of alpha and beta TcR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	178-186
3280335-1	1988	Insulin stimulation of glycogen synthesis was nearly abolished in hepatoma cells shortly treated with 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate, 13 alpha-acetate (protein kinase C activation) but remained unmodified in cells chronically treated with the phorbol ester (protein kinase C depletion).	Phorbol Esters	245-258	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
3257235-2	1988	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or other phorbol esters increases the levels of the alpha and beta T cell receptor (TcR-alpha, TcR-beta) mRNA, whereas an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, induced by ionomycin or other Ca2+ ionophores, results in a decrease of alpha and beta TcR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	167-170
3257235-2	1988	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or other phorbol esters increases the levels of the alpha and beta T cell receptor (TcR-alpha, TcR-beta) mRNA, whereas an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, induced by ionomycin or other Ca2+ ionophores, results in a decrease of alpha and beta TcR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	T cell receptor alpha constant	Homo sapiens	167-176
3257235-2	1988	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or other phorbol esters increases the levels of the alpha and beta T cell receptor (TcR-alpha, TcR-beta) mRNA, whereas an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, induced by ionomycin or other Ca2+ ionophores, results in a decrease of alpha and beta TcR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	178-186
3257235-2	1988	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate or other phorbol esters increases the levels of the alpha and beta T cell receptor (TcR-alpha, TcR-beta) mRNA, whereas an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+, induced by ionomycin or other Ca2+ ionophores, results in a decrease of alpha and beta TcR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	167-170
3128036-0	1988	Expression of CD9 (p24) antigen on hematopoietic cells following treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	CD9 molecule	Homo sapiens	14-17
3128036-0	1988	Expression of CD9 (p24) antigen on hematopoietic cells following treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
3128036-1	1988	Expression of the leukemia-associated cell surface antigen p24 (CD9) on human hematopoietic cell lines and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells was analyzed before and after treatment with the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	206-219	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	59-62
3128036-1	1988	Expression of the leukemia-associated cell surface antigen p24 (CD9) on human hematopoietic cell lines and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells was analyzed before and after treatment with the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	206-219	CD9 molecule	Homo sapiens	64-67
3250231-8	1988	The parallel effects of phorbol ester tumor promoters and PRL on cell cycle progression in Nb2 lymphoma cells and in hepatic proliferation suggest that PRL may likewise mediate proliferation in aberrant growth conditions such as neoplasia.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	prolactin	Homo sapiens	152-155
3250231-14	1988	In the Nb2 lymphoma cell model, tumor promoting phorbol esters mimic the effects of PRL.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	prolactin	Homo sapiens	84-87
3250231-15	1988	Similarly, PRL-stimulated enzyme induction in liver is mirrored by phorbol ester treatment, and inhibitors of PKC block PRL-stimulated mitogenesis in Nb2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	prolactin	Homo sapiens	11-14
2843395-0	1988	Intracellular analysis of potentiation of CA1 hippocampal synaptic transmission by phorbol ester application.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
3128958-2	1988	Treatment with the phorbol-ester Phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate (PBt2) made the cells competent to respond to IL-2 by expression of high affinity IL-2 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
3128958-2	1988	Treatment with the phorbol-ester Phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate (PBt2) made the cells competent to respond to IL-2 by expression of high affinity IL-2 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	141-145
3128958-4	1988	c-myc mRNA expression was induced both by the phorbol ester and by IL-2, provided that receptors were present.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	0-5
2837335-3	1988	Addition of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to neutrophil preparations (70 +/- 5% ring neutrophils and metamyelocytes) elicited superoxide anion generation, as indicated by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable acetylated cytochrome c reduction, and oxidant-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) from luminol or lucigenin.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	202-222
2837335-3	1988	Addition of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to neutrophil preparations (70 +/- 5% ring neutrophils and metamyelocytes) elicited superoxide anion generation, as indicated by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable acetylated cytochrome c reduction, and oxidant-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) from luminol or lucigenin.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	224-227
2837335-3	1988	Addition of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to neutrophil preparations (70 +/- 5% ring neutrophils and metamyelocytes) elicited superoxide anion generation, as indicated by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable acetylated cytochrome c reduction, and oxidant-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) from luminol or lucigenin.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	252-264
2839091-8	1988	An 18-bp sequence 52 bp upstream from the TATA-box sequence was suggested to be a cAMP/phorbol esters-responsive element of the human VIP/PHM-27 gene.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	134-137
2839091-8	1988	An 18-bp sequence 52 bp upstream from the TATA-box sequence was suggested to be a cAMP/phorbol esters-responsive element of the human VIP/PHM-27 gene.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	138-144
3275474-0	1988	Expression of tissue factor and factor VIIa/tissue factor inhibitor activity in endotoxin or phorbol ester stimulated U937 monocyte-like cells.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	14-27
3275474-0	1988	Expression of tissue factor and factor VIIa/tissue factor inhibitor activity in endotoxin or phorbol ester stimulated U937 monocyte-like cells.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	44-57
3215049-0	1988	Differentiation associated c-myc expression in phorbol ester and lymphokine stimulated B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	27-32
3283748-0	1988	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase gene transcription by retinoic acid: a possible mechanism of antitumor promoting activity of retinoids.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	36-59
3126073-2	1988	Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against the T cell differentiation antigen CD28 (Tp44) induce proliferation of resting T lymphocytes in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	80-84
3126073-2	1988	Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed against the T cell differentiation antigen CD28 (Tp44) induce proliferation of resting T lymphocytes in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	86-90
2840568-5	1988	In cells made protein-kinase C deficient, c-fos induction by phorbol ester was abolished; by contrast, c-fos was still induced by cAMP-elevating agents in protein kinase C-depleted cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	42-47
3065654-3	1988	The increase of MHC class I antigen density (immunofluorescence intensity) induced by a phorbol ester (TPA) in monoblast U 937 lymphoma cell line was observed by immunocytofluorometry as a predominant tendency in several TPA-induction experiments, where a certain variability among individual experiments in TPA-induced MHC class I antigen alterations was observed.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	MHC class I antigen	Homo sapiens	16-35
3065654-3	1988	The increase of MHC class I antigen density (immunofluorescence intensity) induced by a phorbol ester (TPA) in monoblast U 937 lymphoma cell line was observed by immunocytofluorometry as a predominant tendency in several TPA-induction experiments, where a certain variability among individual experiments in TPA-induced MHC class I antigen alterations was observed.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	MHC class I antigen	Homo sapiens	320-339
3069641-12	1988	Short-term (less than 1 h) treatment of endothelial cells with the perturbing phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) results in release of cellular stored von Willebrand factor.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	175-196
3069641-15	1988	The number as well as the size of von Willebrand factor storage granules in the endothelial cells increase after exposure to phorbol ester, as determined by immunofluorescence microscopy.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	34-55
3069641-16	1988	Phorbol ester treated cells release stored von Willebrand factor 48 h after they have been stimulated.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	43-64
3257464-4	1988	IL-2 suppressed the stimulatory effects of both the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine (FMLP) and the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
3384843-7	1988	In contrast, TPA-related phorbol esters inhibited skin tumor development, particularly trichoepithelioma and fibrosarcoma and increased the average time of tumor induction.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	13-16
3275874-5	1988	Activation of resting monocytes with phorbol ester was associated with a rapid and transient increase in c-fos mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	105-110
3275874-8	1988	Thus, while posttranscriptional control was responsible for the down-regulation of c-fos transcripts in both resting and activated human monocytes, transcriptional mechanisms were responsible for the transient increase in c-fos expression induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	222-227
3282935-5	1988	Both phorbol ester and [K+] stimulated release of GAP-LI by 4-fold and LHRH-LI by 9-fold over baseline levels.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
3380819-0	1988	Biphasic response of Na+-dependent amino acid transport to tumor promoting phorbol esters in cultured renal epithelial cells, LLC-PK1.	Phorbol Esters	75-89	pyruvate kinase L/R	Homo sapiens	130-133
3124260-0	1988	Datura lectin is both an anti-mitogen and a co-mitogen acting synergistically with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	LTL	Solanum lycopersicum	7-13
3124260-3	1988	The presence of a submitogenic concentration of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) enormously enhanced the mitogenic activity of Datura lectin.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	LTL	Solanum lycopersicum	163-169
3077555-10	1988	Phorbol esters also stimulated similar gene expression; however, cAMP analogue inhibited phorbol ester- or ligand-induced c-myc expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	122-127
3124261-7	1988	The polyclonal and monoclonal anti-LFA-1 antibodies also inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-dependent OKT3 activation of highly purified T cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	integrin beta 2	Mus musculus	35-40
3077555-10	1988	Phorbol esters also stimulated similar gene expression; however, cAMP analogue inhibited phorbol ester- or ligand-induced c-myc expression.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	122-127
2824494-0	1987	Effect of phorbol esters on down-regulation and redistribution of cell surface receptors for tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	93-120
3273203-0	1988	Ciclosporin inhibits phorbol-ester-induced hyperplastic transformation and tumor promotion in mouse skin probably by suppression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent processes such as phosphorylation of elongation factor 2.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Mus musculus	195-214
2826152-1	1987	The release of the prostaglandins E2 and D2, induced by zymosan and phorbol ester in cultured rat Kupffer cells, was found to depend on the extracellular concentration of Na+.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	34-43
2826152-5	1987	The zymosan and phorbol-ester-stimulated release of prostaglandins E2 and D2 was inhibited by amiloride.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	67-76
3121729-1	1987	We have recently shown that interleukin 4 (IL-4) (formerly called BSF-1) is a potent stimulator of fetal and adult immature thymocyte proliferation and that adult L3T4-/Lyt-2-thymocytes can be stimulated by calcium ionophore (A23187) and phorbol ester to secrete IL-4 (Zlotnik, A., J.	Phorbol Esters	238-251	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	28-41
3121729-1	1987	We have recently shown that interleukin 4 (IL-4) (formerly called BSF-1) is a potent stimulator of fetal and adult immature thymocyte proliferation and that adult L3T4-/Lyt-2-thymocytes can be stimulated by calcium ionophore (A23187) and phorbol ester to secrete IL-4 (Zlotnik, A., J.	Phorbol Esters	238-251	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	43-47
3121729-1	1987	We have recently shown that interleukin 4 (IL-4) (formerly called BSF-1) is a potent stimulator of fetal and adult immature thymocyte proliferation and that adult L3T4-/Lyt-2-thymocytes can be stimulated by calcium ionophore (A23187) and phorbol ester to secrete IL-4 (Zlotnik, A., J.	Phorbol Esters	238-251	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	66-71
3121729-1	1987	We have recently shown that interleukin 4 (IL-4) (formerly called BSF-1) is a potent stimulator of fetal and adult immature thymocyte proliferation and that adult L3T4-/Lyt-2-thymocytes can be stimulated by calcium ionophore (A23187) and phorbol ester to secrete IL-4 (Zlotnik, A., J.	Phorbol Esters	238-251	CD8 antigen, alpha chain	Mus musculus	169-174
3479244-0	1987	Effects of phorbol ester on translocation and down-regulation of protein kinase C and phosphorylation of endogenous proteins in human acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1 and its phorbol ester-resistant subline KG-1a.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	65-81
3479244-0	1987	Effects of phorbol ester on translocation and down-regulation of protein kinase C and phosphorylation of endogenous proteins in human acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1 and its phorbol ester-resistant subline KG-1a.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	65-81
2452080-5	1987	The induction of TPA-S1 is blocked by actinomycin D and is specific for phorbol esters with tumor-promoting activity.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	17-23
2825349-4	1987	Furthermore, GCN4 and the phorbol ester-inducible enhancer binding protein, AP-1, recognize very similar DNA sequences.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	76-80
3425738-6	1987	These results are consistent with the idea that 1) resting [Ca2+]i is both sufficient and required to support phorbol ester-induced contractions in two vascular smooth muscles, suggesting an increased sensitivity of the contractile apparatus for Ca2+, and 2) there are differences in the mechanisms by which phorbol esters and alpha 1-agonists may activate vascular smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	246-257
3690506-1	1987	A fluorescent phorbol ester that is a potent activator of protein kinase C but is not a tumour promoter.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	58-74
3678137-9	1987	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, (a phorbol ester; 50 nM), a potent activator of protein kinase C, strongly stimulated GH secretion (347%), which was similarly suppressed by IGF-I by 51%.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	179-184
2824494-1	1987	The effects of various phorbol esters on the interaction of human cells with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rTNF-alpha) was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	95-122
2824494-3	1987	The reduction in specific binding of TNF-alpha was observed only by PMA but not with several other phorbol esters tested.	Phorbol Esters	99-113	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	37-46
2834348-1	1987	Incubation of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, caused a marked increase in c-fos mRNA in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	180-185
3686356-0	1987	The effect of phorbol ester on in vitro release of parathyroid hormone from abnormal human parathyroid cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	51-70
3120195-3	1987	CD3-4-8- thymocytes responded vigorously when stimulated with phorbol ester in the presence of IL-2 or in combination with Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-7
3120195-3	1987	CD3-4-8- thymocytes responded vigorously when stimulated with phorbol ester in the presence of IL-2 or in combination with Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
3120195-5	1987	Surprisingly, however, the stimulation of these populations with either phorbol ester plus IL-2 or phorbol ester plus ionophore induced a high and similar level of IL-2 receptor expression in both thymocyte populations.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	164-177
3120195-5	1987	Surprisingly, however, the stimulation of these populations with either phorbol ester plus IL-2 or phorbol ester plus ionophore induced a high and similar level of IL-2 receptor expression in both thymocyte populations.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	164-177
3120195-6	1987	A similar level of IL-2 secretion in both populations was also obtained when they were stimulated with a combination of phorbol ester plus ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	19-23
2825698-1	1987	Pretreatment of rat prostatic epithelial cells with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate resulted in a decrease of both the potency of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) upon the stimulation of cyclic AMP accumulation and the affinity of the receptors of this peptide.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	202-205
3119581-6	1987	Incubation of the fibroblasts with phorbol diester caused the phosphorylation of the wild-type (Ser-24) human transferrin receptor, but this treatment did not result in the phosphorylation of the mutated (Ala-24 and Thr-24) receptors.	Phorbol Esters	35-50	transferrin	Homo sapiens	110-121
3500722-1	1987	Activation of the EGF receptor in A431 cells induces the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides and a transient rise of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i, which are completely inhibited by acute pretreatment with activators of protein kinase C, such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	254-268	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	18-30
2829820-0	1987	Different effects of phorbol ester on angiotensin II- and stable GTP analogue-induced activation of polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase in membranes isolated from rat renal mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	38-52
2829820-4	1987	Furthermore, activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and by 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG) abolishes angiotensin II-induced formation of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) in mesangial cells [Pfeilschifter (1986) FEBS Lett.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	157-171
2822142-0	1987	Parathyroid hormone induction of creatine kinase activity and DNA synthesis is mimicked by phospholipase C, diacylglycerol and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	0-19
3478136-4	1987	We report here that bryostatin 1 blocks phorbol ester action in Friend cells (clone PS 7), a second differentiating system.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	taste 2 receptor member 68 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	84-88
3325828-0	1987	Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2: regulation of gene transcription during phorbol ester-mediated differentiation of U-937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	0-33
3325828-2	1987	The cDNA was used to study the regulation of PAI-2 gene transcription by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
2825684-0	1987	Effect of phorbol ester on stimulus-secretion coupling mechanisms in gonadotropin releasing hormone-stimulated pituitary gonadotrophs.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	69-99
2825684-2	1987	Addition of the tumor promoter phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), at concentrations which activate pituitary protein C kinase, to cultured pituitary cells resulted in up-regulation of GnRH receptors (155% at 4 h).	Phorbol Esters	31-44	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	207-211
2896538-0	1987	Characteristics of phorbol ester stimulated growth hormone release: inhibition by insulin-like growth factor I, somatostatin, and low calcium medium and comparison with growth hormone releasing factor.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	44-58
3663711-3	1987	During the activation of neutrophils with serum-opsonised zymosan and the tumour-promoting phorbol diester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, the activity of glyoxalase I increases and the activity of glyoxalase II decreases by 20-40% of their activities in resting cells, in the initial 10 min of the activation period.	Phorbol Esters	91-106	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	161-173
3663711-3	1987	During the activation of neutrophils with serum-opsonised zymosan and the tumour-promoting phorbol diester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, the activity of glyoxalase I increases and the activity of glyoxalase II decreases by 20-40% of their activities in resting cells, in the initial 10 min of the activation period.	Phorbol Esters	91-106	hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase	Homo sapiens	204-217
3322269-3	1987	Pretreating platelets with agents which activate protein kinase C [the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or the diacylglycerol 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG)] inhibited increased intracellular calcium by PAF and thrombin in a dose-related manner.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	225-233
3323889-1	1987	Microinjection of purified protein kinase C (PKC) into Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts pretreated with the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate restores the mitogenic response of the cells to phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (G. Pasti, J.C. Lacal, B.S.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	27-43
3323889-1	1987	Microinjection of purified protein kinase C (PKC) into Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts pretreated with the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate restores the mitogenic response of the cells to phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (G. Pasti, J.C. Lacal, B.S.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
3323889-3	1987	Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	67-72
3323889-3	1987	Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	85-90
3323889-3	1987	Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	91-94
3323889-3	1987	Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	171-174
3499189-5	1987	Sustained c-fos expression was in fact observed only in those myeloid or lymphoid cells that acquired a stable monocyte-like phenotype in response to the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	10-15
3117521-10	1987	The effects of TRH on the density of thyroid hormone receptors could be mimicked by the calcium channel agonist BAY K8644 plus a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester which together caused a 53% reduction in thyroid hormone binding.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
2896538-0	1987	Characteristics of phorbol ester stimulated growth hormone release: inhibition by insulin-like growth factor I, somatostatin, and low calcium medium and comparison with growth hormone releasing factor.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-110
2822255-4	1987	Multiple synthetic copies of the hMT-IIA high-affinity AP-2 binding site can act as efficient, cell-type-specific enhancer elements; their activity increases after treatment of cells with phorbol ester or cAMP-elevating agents.	Phorbol Esters	188-201	histamine N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	33-36
2822255-4	1987	Multiple synthetic copies of the hMT-IIA high-affinity AP-2 binding site can act as efficient, cell-type-specific enhancer elements; their activity increases after treatment of cells with phorbol ester or cAMP-elevating agents.	Phorbol Esters	188-201	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	55-59
3117787-1	1987	Evidence for stimulation via protein kinase C. Phorbol esters have been shown to stimulate phosphatidylcholine synthesis via the CDP-choline pathway.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	cut-like homeobox 1	Rattus norvegicus	129-132
3478335-2	1987	Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that PDGF B chain mRNA expression is stimulated in microvascular endothelial cells by phorbol esters (PMA), thrombin, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and blocked by agents that elevate cyclic AMP (cAMP).	Phorbol Esters	135-149	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	54-66
2822255-5	1987	In contrast, a synthetic enhancer recognized by factor AP-1 is activated only by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	55-59
3478335-4	1987	PDGF A chain mRNA levels were increased 5-25-fold by phorbol esters, thrombin, and TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	0-12
2822255-6	1987	AP-2 appears to mediate transcriptional activation in response to two different signal-transduction pathways, one involving the phorbol-ester- and diacylglycerol-activated protein kinase C, the other involving cAMP-dependent protein kinase A.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
3118872-0	1987	The effects of phorbol ester and Ca ionophore on c-fos and c-myc expression and on DNA synthesis in human lymphocytes are not directly related.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	49-54
2443500-4	1987	In the two leukemia cell lines, the expression of the vitronectin receptor mRNA, as well as that of the fibronectin receptor, was enhanced in the presence of phorbol ester, a treatment known to increase the adhesiveness of these cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	vitronectin	Homo sapiens	54-65
3118872-0	1987	The effects of phorbol ester and Ca ionophore on c-fos and c-myc expression and on DNA synthesis in human lymphocytes are not directly related.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	59-64
3116095-7	1987	We found that c-myb levels were depressed after phorbol ester and calcium ionophore treatment.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	myeloblastosis oncogene	Mus musculus	14-19
3118872-2	1987	Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore A 23187 induce c-fos and c-myc expression in these cells as shown by the measure of the specific mRNA levels and of the c-fos nuclear protein amount.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	51-56
3118872-2	1987	Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore A 23187 induce c-fos and c-myc expression in these cells as shown by the measure of the specific mRNA levels and of the c-fos nuclear protein amount.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	61-66
3118872-2	1987	Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore A 23187 induce c-fos and c-myc expression in these cells as shown by the measure of the specific mRNA levels and of the c-fos nuclear protein amount.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	156-161
3118872-4	1987	Lymphocyte stimulation by phorbol ester for a short time induces c-fos and c-myc expression, but has no effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	65-70
3118872-4	1987	Lymphocyte stimulation by phorbol ester for a short time induces c-fos and c-myc expression, but has no effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	75-80
2820806-1	1987	Treatment of intact human platelets with the tumour-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), specifically inhibited PGD2-induced cyclic AMP formation without affecting the regulation of cyclic AMP metabolism by PGI2, PGE1, 6-keto-PGE1, adenosine or adrenaline.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	139-143
3115598-4	1987	However, activation by the phorbol ester PMA in conjunction with either PHA or the calcium ionophore A23187 induces large amounts of IFN-gamma and IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	133-142
3477472-3	1987	In the present work the activity of the c-abl and c-src oncogene-encoded tyrosine kinase was investigated during phorbol diester (TPA) induced differentiation of the K562 CML cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-128	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	40-45
3477472-3	1987	In the present work the activity of the c-abl and c-src oncogene-encoded tyrosine kinase was investigated during phorbol diester (TPA) induced differentiation of the K562 CML cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-128	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	50-55
3477472-3	1987	In the present work the activity of the c-abl and c-src oncogene-encoded tyrosine kinase was investigated during phorbol diester (TPA) induced differentiation of the K562 CML cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-128	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	73-88
2820980-15	1987	Treatment of RBL-1 cells with those phorbol esters which are known to activate the Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme protein kinase C, resulted in a time-dependent increase in the phosphorylation of both membrane-bound and cytosolic PI-PLC I.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	retinoblastoma-like protein 1	Cavia porcellus	13-18
3115598-4	1987	However, activation by the phorbol ester PMA in conjunction with either PHA or the calcium ionophore A23187 induces large amounts of IFN-gamma and IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	147-151
2822513-3	1987	Short-term treatment of TT cells with phorbol esters and cAMP analogs caused a rapid and parallel release of both calcitonin and CGRP.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	114-124
2960539-0	1987	Phorbol diesters increase the phosphorylation of the leukocyte common antigen CD45 in human T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	78-82
3667696-11	1987	In PR6, as after phorbol esters, MLC phosphorylation can be uncoupled from shape change.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	modulator of VRAC current 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
22358442-5	1987	When PMN were treated with stimuli known to activate some functional activities of these cells (phorbol esters, inactivated streptococci, colony-stimulating factors, tumor necrosis factor) the expression of c-fos was augmented.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	207-212
2822513-3	1987	Short-term treatment of TT cells with phorbol esters and cAMP analogs caused a rapid and parallel release of both calcitonin and CGRP.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	129-133
3118231-10	1987	Phorbol ester also promoted PRL release over the range of 1-10 nM, but the time course of the release was somewhat different.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
3479682-10	1987	The phorbol ester tumor promoter tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate also increased PDGF A expression with similar kinetics, but with a mechanism distinct from that of TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	78-84
3318925-6	1987	Downregulation of protein kinase C by prolonged incubation of the pituitary cells with high concentrations of active phorbol esters abolished protein kinase C activity and also prevented the phosphorylation induced by GnRH, or [D-Nal(2)6]GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	218-222
3477806-6	1987	We used RNA blot hybridization with both cDNA and synthetic oligonucleotide probes to prove our previous hypothesis that glycophorin B is encoded by a single 0.5- to 0.6-kb mRNA and to show that glycophorins A and B are negatively and coordinately regulated by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	glycophorin B (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	121-134
3318925-6	1987	Downregulation of protein kinase C by prolonged incubation of the pituitary cells with high concentrations of active phorbol esters abolished protein kinase C activity and also prevented the phosphorylation induced by GnRH, or [D-Nal(2)6]GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	238-242
3040750-6	1987	IAP was inhibitory when thrombin, fibroblast growth factor, prostaglandin F2 alpha, or phosphatidic acid was employed as a competence factor, but was not inhibitory when DNA synthesis was induced by combined addition of cholera toxin or phorbol ester with insulin.	Phorbol Esters	237-250	magnesium transporter 1	Mus musculus	0-3
3119146-6	1987	We conclude that stimulation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester elicits prostanoid synthesis and release by a process that involves calcium influx and the activation of phospholipase A2.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	171-187
2957001-4	1987	NAM (10 mmol/L), 3AB (10 mmol/L), and 1MN (5 mmol/L) also prevented IL-3 and phorbol ester-stimulated 3H-thymidine incorporation into the IL-3-responsive FDC-P1 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	138-142
3114004-0	1987	The phorbol ester, TPA, increases transepithelial epidermal growth factor flux.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Sus scrofa	19-22
2958294-1	1987	Immature thymocytes that lack both Lyt-2 (CD8) and L3T4 (CD4) expression can respond rapidly to stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore by expressing some gene products characteristic of mature, activated T cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	57-60
3653259-5	1987	Both cell lines responded to phorbol esters in terms of uPA induction, though to differing extents.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	56-59
3304983-0	1987	Phorbol ester inhibition of insulin-stimulated deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in BC3H-1 myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
3304983-4	1987	Phorbol ester inhibition of insulin-stimulated DNA synthesis was specific for the active tumor-promoting phorbols and the synthetic diacylglycerol 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
3115797-3	1987	The phorbol ester TPA and the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin reduced the c-myc RNA, levels and after 3 days of treatment a proportion of the cells accumulated in G1.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	80-85
3653259-7	1987	It was concluded that phorbol ester-mediated induction of uPA does not involve cAMP or cAMP-PK activation.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	58-61
2958480-2	1987	The binding activity of CR3 is not constitutive but is transiently enabled by phorbol esters (Wright, S. D., and B. D. Meyer, 1986, J. Immunol.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	24-27
2958480-10	1987	If a hydrophilic phorbol ester was washed away after a 20-min stimulation, binding activity remains elevated for at least 50 min, and CR3 remained aggregated.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	134-137
3039056-0	1987	Interactions among lithium, calcium, diacylglycerides, and phorbol esters in the regulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone release from AtT-20 cells.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	95-122
2442289-3	1987	The strict requirement for crosslinking of the TCR in exocytosis triggering could be bypassed by protein kinase C activators (phorbol esters or bryostatin I and II) acting in synergy with Ca2+ ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	47-50
3114365-6	1987	The expression of IL-2R and the production of IL-2 were also dependent on the duration of simultaneous exposure to both phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	18-23
3498729-13	1987	In both A431 and KB cells, phorbol ester (PMA) also increased phosphorylation on transferrin receptors, but had little effect on surface Tf receptor expression.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	transferrin	Homo sapiens	81-92
3500315-7	1987	Other experiments demonstrated that hrIL-2-activated and hrIL-2-propagated T cells expressed the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R; defined by monoclonal antibody anti-Tac) and the number of IL-2-R-positive cells could be increased two-fold or more by exposing the cells to a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	263-276	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	178-184
3039056-1	1987	Interactions among lithium, calcium, and phorbol esters in the regulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) release were examined in a tumor cell line (AtT-20) of the anterior pituitary.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	77-104
3114365-6	1987	The expression of IL-2R and the production of IL-2 were also dependent on the duration of simultaneous exposure to both phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
3039056-1	1987	Interactions among lithium, calcium, and phorbol esters in the regulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) release were examined in a tumor cell line (AtT-20) of the anterior pituitary.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	106-110
3039056-6	1987	Pretreatment of AtT-20 cells with OAG, however, selectively blocks the ACTH release response to lithium, calcium, or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	71-75
3478583-0	1987	Mechanism of the phorbol ester-mediated redistribution of asialoglycoprotein receptor: selective effects on receptor recycling pathways in Hep G2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	asialoglycoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-85
3478583-11	1987	This suggests that 1) phorbol esters interfere with selected specific sites in receptor and ligand pathways of receptor-mediated endocytosis and 2) the apparent net "internalization" of ASGP-R by phorbol esters results from an inhibition of receptor recycling to the cell surface and not from a direct stimulation of the internalization process.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	mucin 4, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	186-190
3478583-11	1987	This suggests that 1) phorbol esters interfere with selected specific sites in receptor and ligand pathways of receptor-mediated endocytosis and 2) the apparent net "internalization" of ASGP-R by phorbol esters results from an inhibition of receptor recycling to the cell surface and not from a direct stimulation of the internalization process.	Phorbol Esters	196-210	mucin 4, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	186-190
3329716-3	1987	The activity of the EGF receptor promoter can be modulated by E1A protein and receptor RNA levels increased by stimulation with phorbol ester or fetal calf serum.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	20-32
3114750-0	1987	Induction of B-cell differentiation antigens in interferon- or phorbol ester-treated Daudi cells is impaired by inhibitors of ADP-ribosyltransferase.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	126-148
2888113-5	1987	Phorbol ester, dexamethasone, and cycloheximide distinguished between bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 synthesis and InsP formation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	70-80
2888113-11	1987	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester enhanced bradykinin-induced formation of these metabolites.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	47-57
3114750-5	1987	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate induces the same plasma cell surface antigens that are induced by interferon treatment, and this effect is also impaired by the ADPRT inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	183-188
3114750-6	1987	These results suggest that interferons and phorbol esters share a mechanism of action that requires ADPRT activity.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	100-105
3301843-7	1987	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also induces c-myc and c-fos mRNAs without inducing DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
3118559-4	1987	Incubating feline PBL with a cocktail of the calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol ester also led to the generation of cytotoxic cells as well as the production of high levels of IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	178-182
3497195-1	1987	B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin 4, a lymphokine produced by phorbol ester activated-EL-4 thymoma cells, was purified to homogeneity in good yield by a two-step purification procedure, using affinity chromatography and a single subsequent round of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	0-27
3497195-1	1987	B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin 4, a lymphokine produced by phorbol ester activated-EL-4 thymoma cells, was purified to homogeneity in good yield by a two-step purification procedure, using affinity chromatography and a single subsequent round of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	28-41
3113436-0	1987	The induction of IFN-gamma production and m-RNAs of interleukin 2 and IFN-gamma by phorbol esters and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	17-26
3113436-0	1987	The induction of IFN-gamma production and m-RNAs of interleukin 2 and IFN-gamma by phorbol esters and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	52-65
3113436-0	1987	The induction of IFN-gamma production and m-RNAs of interleukin 2 and IFN-gamma by phorbol esters and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	70-79
3301843-7	1987	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also induces c-myc and c-fos mRNAs without inducing DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	79-84
2442709-4	1987	IP3 and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in combination, stimulated an additive secretion of mucin in the model.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	solute carrier family 13 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	121-126
3153477-0	1987	Phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of protein kinase C abolishes vasopressin-mediated responses in rat anterior pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	68-79
3499860-5	1987	There was, however, a significant inverse correlation (p less than 0.05) between phorbol ester binding and ER levels if ER positive biopsies but with a PR negative value (i.e. with a non functional estrogen receptor) were excluded from statistical analysis.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	152-154
3113428-3	1987	Protein kinase C activator, phorbol ester blocks the AVP effect on the production of inositol phosphates, suggesting that AVP induced phospholipase C (PLC) activation is under the negative feedback regulation by diacylglycerol production.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	53-56
3113428-3	1987	Protein kinase C activator, phorbol ester blocks the AVP effect on the production of inositol phosphates, suggesting that AVP induced phospholipase C (PLC) activation is under the negative feedback regulation by diacylglycerol production.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	122-125
3036347-1	1987	Since evidence indicates that phorbol ester-induced production of interleukin 2 requires transcription, we investigated the possibility that the phorbol ester receptor acts directly in the nuclei of EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	66-79
3036347-1	1987	Since evidence indicates that phorbol ester-induced production of interleukin 2 requires transcription, we investigated the possibility that the phorbol ester receptor acts directly in the nuclei of EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	199-202
3476116-0	1987	TPA induces subcellular translocation and subsequent down-regulation of both phorbol ester binding and protein kinase C activities in MCF-7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	0-3
3476116-1	1987	Phorbol ester TPA has been previously shown to induce a rapid translocation, followed by a progressive decline of protein kinase C activity in MCF-7 cells (J.M.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	14-17
3476116-7	1987	We show now a parallel TPA-induced movement of phorbol ester binding sites from the cytosolic to the particulate fraction with no change in the binding affinities for the (3H) PDBu probe (KD congruent to 2 nM).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	23-26
3476116-9	1987	The concomitant decline in both phorbol ester binding and protein kinase C activities that we observed during the course of TPA treatment strongly argues for a real down-regulation of the enzyme in phorbol ester-treated MCF-7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	124-127
3476116-9	1987	The concomitant decline in both phorbol ester binding and protein kinase C activities that we observed during the course of TPA treatment strongly argues for a real down-regulation of the enzyme in phorbol ester-treated MCF-7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	124-127
3036868-6	1987	The Na+/H+ exchanger of MES-1 cells is responsive to epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, serum, phorbol esters, and diacylglycerol, as shown by a rapid amiloride-sensitive rise in pHi of 0.15-0.35 unit.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	201-204
3499860-5	1987	There was, however, a significant inverse correlation (p less than 0.05) between phorbol ester binding and ER levels if ER positive biopsies but with a PR negative value (i.e. with a non functional estrogen receptor) were excluded from statistical analysis.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	198-215
3040449-1	1987	The effect of the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on cytoplasmic pH (pHi) and H+ extrusion was studied in the human monoblastic cell line U-937.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	110-113
2820811-6	1987	Catecholamine and phorbol ester induced insulin resistance of isolated rat fat cells as well as human fat cells was associated with a decreased activity of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase which was apparently due to a modulation of the ATP binding site of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase; 3.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	insulin	Homo sapiens	40-47
2820811-6	1987	Catecholamine and phorbol ester induced insulin resistance of isolated rat fat cells as well as human fat cells was associated with a decreased activity of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase which was apparently due to a modulation of the ATP binding site of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase; 3.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	insulin	Homo sapiens	160-167
2820811-6	1987	Catecholamine and phorbol ester induced insulin resistance of isolated rat fat cells as well as human fat cells was associated with a decreased activity of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase which was apparently due to a modulation of the ATP binding site of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase; 3.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	insulin	Homo sapiens	160-167
2439242-0	1987	Release of arachidonic acid metabolites by human monocytes or lymphocytes: effect of treatment with interferon on stimulation by phorbol ester or calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	100-110
3655600-5	1987	Both Ba2+-stimulated LH release and the synergism of Ba2+ with phorbol ester were inhibited by calcium channel blockers (Co2+, methoxyverapamil and nifedipine) and by calmodulin antagonists (trifluoperazine and chlorpromazine).	Phorbol Esters	63-76	calmodulin 2	Gallus gallus	167-177
2441150-4	1987	In the presence of extracellular calcium, vasopressin stimulates the phosphorylation of a 45,000-dalton protein and to a lesser degree of a 20,000-dalton protein following a pattern observed with thrombin and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	249-262	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	42-53
3655600-6	1987	These results indicate that the actions of Ba2+ are dependent on its entry through Ca2+ channels, and suggest that calmodulin activation is necessary for the synergism between Ba2+ and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	calmodulin 2	Gallus gallus	115-125
3300647-0	1987	Insulin-dependent alterations of phorbol ester binding to adipocyte subcellular constituents.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
3300647-4	1987	Treatment of cells with physiological concentration of insulin (0.67 nM) caused a 42% increase (from 0.92 +/- 0.08 to 1.30 +/- 0.12 pmol 3H-PBu2/mg protein, p less than 0.0001) and a 27% decrease (from 0.41 +/- 0.07 to 0.30 +/- 0.05 pmol 3H-PBu2/mg protein, p less than 0.020) in phorbol ester bound to cytosol and plasma membranes, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	280-293	insulin	Homo sapiens	55-62
2438272-7	1987	[Arg8]Vasopressin and bombesin, two peptides that are well known for their action on polyphosphoinositide metabolism, inhibit Ca2+ channel activity to the same extent as active phorbol esters (65-70%).	Phorbol Esters	177-191	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	22-30
3034432-6	1987	These results strongly suggest that AP-1 is at the receiving end of a complex pathway responsible for transmitting the effects of phorbol ester tumor promoters from the plasma membrane to the transcriptional machinery.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	36-40
2438376-5	1987	Attempts were made to identify an analogous truncated form of LMP in cell lines carrying other virus isolates after treatment with phorbol ester and/or sodium butyrate to induce virus production.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	PDZ and LIM domain 7	Homo sapiens	62-65
3572405-3	1987	In the present study, we have examined the effects of protein kinase C activators, phorbol esters, on the expression of Ang II receptors in neuronal cultures prepared from 1-day-old rat brains.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	120-126
3572405-4	1987	The active phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA) caused time- and concentration-dependent increases in the specific binding of [125I]Ang II to its receptors in neuronal cultures of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rat brains.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	147-153
3572405-5	1987	The stimulatory effect of TPA on Ang II receptors was apparent within 15 min and reached a maximum between 1 and 2 h. Ang II specific binding had returned to control levels by 24 h. Various phorbol esters increased [125I]Ang II binding in accordance with their order of potency in stimulating protein kinase C activity.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
3572405-5	1987	The stimulatory effect of TPA on Ang II receptors was apparent within 15 min and reached a maximum between 1 and 2 h. Ang II specific binding had returned to control levels by 24 h. Various phorbol esters increased [125I]Ang II binding in accordance with their order of potency in stimulating protein kinase C activity.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	118-124
3572405-5	1987	The stimulatory effect of TPA on Ang II receptors was apparent within 15 min and reached a maximum between 1 and 2 h. Ang II specific binding had returned to control levels by 24 h. Various phorbol esters increased [125I]Ang II binding in accordance with their order of potency in stimulating protein kinase C activity.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	118-124
3572405-6	1987	Saturation and Scatchard analysis revealed that the phorbol ester-induced increase in [125I]Ang II binding was due to an increase in the number of Ang II receptors.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	92-98
3572405-6	1987	Saturation and Scatchard analysis revealed that the phorbol ester-induced increase in [125I]Ang II binding was due to an increase in the number of Ang II receptors.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	147-153
3597547-1	1987	Protein kinase C is considered to be a major target for tumor promoting phorbol esters such as 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	72-86	PKC	Sus scrofa	0-16
3108447-1	1987	We present evidence that human peripheral blood lymphocytes, free of contaminating monocytes, rapidly produce high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) when stimulated with phorbol diester and calcium ionophore, and lower but significant levels of TNF when stimulated with mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	174-189	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	125-146
3108447-1	1987	We present evidence that human peripheral blood lymphocytes, free of contaminating monocytes, rapidly produce high levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) when stimulated with phorbol diester and calcium ionophore, and lower but significant levels of TNF when stimulated with mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	174-189	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	148-151
3108447-3	1987	NK cells produce TNF only when stimulated with phorbol diester and calcium ionophore, and they do so at a much lower level than T cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-62	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	17-20
3593358-3	1987	Several effects induced by phorbol esters and diacylglycerols, including the rise in (Ca2+)i, the stimulation of Na+/H+ transporter and the inhibition of the effects of thrombin alone on (Ca2+)i are potently antagonised by staurosporine, a compound known to inhibit protein kinase C. Higher concentrations of staurosporine themselves inhibit the thrombin-induced calcium transient.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	169-177
3593358-3	1987	Several effects induced by phorbol esters and diacylglycerols, including the rise in (Ca2+)i, the stimulation of Na+/H+ transporter and the inhibition of the effects of thrombin alone on (Ca2+)i are potently antagonised by staurosporine, a compound known to inhibit protein kinase C. Higher concentrations of staurosporine themselves inhibit the thrombin-induced calcium transient.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	346-354
3106361-5	1987	Thus, the ability of PDGF or phorbol diester to modulate EGF receptor affinity occurs only when threonine 654 phosphorylation is increased.	Phorbol Esters	29-44	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	57-69
3106358-9	1987	Furthermore, diacylglycerols and phorbol esters appear to utilize a common pathway in eliciting these actions on [Ca2+]i, possibly involving activation of a protein kinase C. These actions of diacylglycerol provide a pathway by which thyrotropin-releasing hormone may act to enhance calcium channel activity.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	234-263
3032980-1	1987	Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, epidermal growth factor, and phorbol esters on the synthesis of aromatase cytochrome P-450.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	118-123
3494731-0	1987	Epidermal growth factor receptor synthesis is stimulated by phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	0-32
3106473-4	1987	In T cells, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induced IL 2-R expression and proliferation associated with cytosol-to-membrane PKC translocation.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	82-88
3106473-4	1987	In T cells, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induced IL 2-R expression and proliferation associated with cytosol-to-membrane PKC translocation.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	154-157
3106473-6	1987	Structure-function studies with several phorbol ester analogs and non-phorbol ester TP directly correlated tumor promotion activity with the ability to activate PKC and induce IL 2-R.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	161-164
3494766-5	1987	Pretreatment with either LT or TNF also fully inhibited induction of H4/18 binding by phorbol ester, whereas phorbol ester pretreatment only variably and partially inhibited reinduction by LT or TNF.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	31-34
3106473-6	1987	Structure-function studies with several phorbol ester analogs and non-phorbol ester TP directly correlated tumor promotion activity with the ability to activate PKC and induce IL 2-R.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	176-182
3494766-5	1987	Pretreatment with either LT or TNF also fully inhibited induction of H4/18 binding by phorbol ester, whereas phorbol ester pretreatment only variably and partially inhibited reinduction by LT or TNF.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	195-198
3106355-0	1987	Regulation of insulin receptor internalization in vascular endothelial cells by insulin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	14-30
3494766-9	1987	In contrast to the actions of LT or TNF, pretreatment with IL 1 alpha or IL 1 beta only partially inhibited induction of H4/18 binding by phorbol ester, and phorbol ester pretreatment consistently, albeit partially, inhibited induction by IL 1 species.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	59-69
3494766-9	1987	In contrast to the actions of LT or TNF, pretreatment with IL 1 alpha or IL 1 beta only partially inhibited induction of H4/18 binding by phorbol ester, and phorbol ester pretreatment consistently, albeit partially, inhibited induction by IL 1 species.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	73-82
3494766-9	1987	In contrast to the actions of LT or TNF, pretreatment with IL 1 alpha or IL 1 beta only partially inhibited induction of H4/18 binding by phorbol ester, and phorbol ester pretreatment consistently, albeit partially, inhibited induction by IL 1 species.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	59-63
3495544-2	1987	Many of the biological properties of IL 2 may be mimicked or potentiated by a potent class of tumor promoters, phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	111-125	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	37-41
3033114-4	1987	H-7 did not inhibit PMN NADPH oxidase activity or PMN degranulation by any stimulant, but it reversed a phorbol ester-induced inhibition of granule release by FMLP.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
2953672-7	1987	C3b-IgG is internalized with kinetics similar to those found using dimeric C3b, with resting cells demonstrating a slow initial phase, which is accelerated by phorbol ester activation in both cases.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
3108267-6	1987	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by long-term exposure to phorbol esters prevented c-fos and c-myc induction by bombesin.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	86-91
3106355-12	1987	The additive effects of PMA and insulin on insulin receptor phosphorylation suggest that the phorbol ester and insulin act via independent signaling mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	43-59
3033212-0	1987	Phorbol ester-induced inhibition of cyclic GMP formation mediated by muscarinic receptors in murine neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Mus musculus	43-46
2881980-0	1987	Tyrosine hydroxylase is activated and phosphorylated on different sites in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells treated with phorbol ester and forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-20
3325877-1	1987	When human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) are induced by phorbol esters to differentiate to macrophages, the process is accompanied by immediate activation of protein kinase C (PK-C) in the cytoplasm and later changes in DNA and RNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	165-181
3033212-7	1987	On the other hand, PMA competed for the specific binding of a labeled phorbol ester in intact cells with a potency similar to that of PMA in inhibiting muscarinic receptor-mediated [3H]cyclic GMP responses.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Mus musculus	192-195
3325877-1	1987	When human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) are induced by phorbol esters to differentiate to macrophages, the process is accompanied by immediate activation of protein kinase C (PK-C) in the cytoplasm and later changes in DNA and RNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	183-187
3325877-3	1987	In this study, we find that bryostatin, a macrocyclic lactone which does not induce differentiation of HL-60 cells but activates PK-C, mimics the effects of phorbol esters on protein phosphorylation and PK-C location.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	203-207
3325877-5	1987	Similarly, prolonged treatment with bryostatin, like that with phorbol esters, causes the loss of all cellular PK-C activity.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
3325877-6	1987	Unlike the phosphorylation studies, bryostatin treatment, over a 1-100 nM concentration range and for varying lengths of time, did not affect HL-60 c-myc RNA levels, while phorbol ester treatment rapidly decreased c-myc RNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	214-219
3579940-0	1987	Induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse tissues by phorbol ester is effectively blocked by methylglyoxal bis(butylamidinohydrazone).	Phorbol Esters	66-79	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	13-36
3034257-1	1987	Interleukin 1, a product predominantly of monocytes, increases the synthesis and release of procollagenase and prostaglandin E2 by mesenchymal target cells such as synovial fibroblasts and articular chondrocytes, an effect mimicked by some phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	240-254	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-13
2437919-0	1987	Specific inhibition of phorbol ester and DiC8-induced histamine release from human basophils by the protein kinase C inhibitors, H-7 and H-9.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	G protein-coupled receptor 50	Homo sapiens	129-140
3030467-2	1987	We have recently demonstrated that phorbol ester induces expression of CSF-1 in human monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
2887201-0	1987	Tumor-promoting phorbol ester amplifies the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoid.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	tyrosine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	58-83
2887201-0	1987	Tumor-promoting phorbol ester amplifies the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoid.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-111
2887201-1	1987	In adrenalectomized rats, the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) markedly enhanced the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoids, even with sufficient concentration of glucocorticoids to have a maximal effect, whereas it had no effect on TAT activity and increased ornithine decarboxylase activity only slightly in the absence of glucocorticoids.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	tyrosine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	139-164
2887201-1	1987	In adrenalectomized rats, the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) markedly enhanced the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoids, even with sufficient concentration of glucocorticoids to have a maximal effect, whereas it had no effect on TAT activity and increased ornithine decarboxylase activity only slightly in the absence of glucocorticoids.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	tyrosine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	166-169
2887201-1	1987	In adrenalectomized rats, the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) markedly enhanced the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoids, even with sufficient concentration of glucocorticoids to have a maximal effect, whereas it had no effect on TAT activity and increased ornithine decarboxylase activity only slightly in the absence of glucocorticoids.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	175-198
2887201-1	1987	In adrenalectomized rats, the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) markedly enhanced the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoids, even with sufficient concentration of glucocorticoids to have a maximal effect, whereas it had no effect on TAT activity and increased ornithine decarboxylase activity only slightly in the absence of glucocorticoids.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	tyrosine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	327-330
2887201-1	1987	In adrenalectomized rats, the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) markedly enhanced the inductions of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and ornithine decarboxylase by glucocorticoids, even with sufficient concentration of glucocorticoids to have a maximal effect, whereas it had no effect on TAT activity and increased ornithine decarboxylase activity only slightly in the absence of glucocorticoids.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	354-377
3104323-3	1987	A combination of a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and a calcium ionophore, A23187, induced the expression of IL2 receptors on resting 6-1 cells and induced DNA synthesis in the presence of IL2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	137-140
3104323-3	1987	A combination of a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and a calcium ionophore, A23187, induced the expression of IL2 receptors on resting 6-1 cells and induced DNA synthesis in the presence of IL2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	217-220
3031037-10	1987	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), stimulated Na+/H+ exchange in VSMC cultured for 24 h in serum-free medium, and the subsequent angiotensin II response was inhibited.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	157-171
3470198-5	1987	Upon addition of the phorbol ester to the culture medium the expression of the c-sis transcript was enhanced about 7-fold over a period of 4 days.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	79-84
3108139-3	1987	We show in this study that phorbol esters alone can induce peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBL) to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and that the IL-2-dependent cell line CTLL can be used for measuring this lymphokine without influence of the phorbol esters themselves.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	111-124
3108139-3	1987	We show in this study that phorbol esters alone can induce peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBL) to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and that the IL-2-dependent cell line CTLL can be used for measuring this lymphokine without influence of the phorbol esters themselves.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	126-130
3108139-3	1987	We show in this study that phorbol esters alone can induce peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBL) to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) and that the IL-2-dependent cell line CTLL can be used for measuring this lymphokine without influence of the phorbol esters themselves.	Phorbol Esters	242-256	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	145-149
3033557-0	1987	Phorbol esters broaden the action potential in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
3566789-3	1987	Topically applied retinol is about 2-fold less potent at inducing epidermal hyperplasia and 7-fold less potent at inhibiting the induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase by phorbol esters than all-trans-retinoic acid in this strain of mice.	Phorbol Esters	179-193	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	152-175
3566738-0	1987	Phorbol ester, retinoic acid and diacylglycerol decrease ecto- but increase total basal-protein kinase activity of human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tripartite motif containing 33	Homo sapiens	57-61
3570288-5	1987	When compared with the phorbol ester-inducible single-copy gene transcripts coding for the tissue-type plasminogen activator, the cellular mRNA content of elongation factor 1 alpha is 30 times higher.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	91-124
3112822-2	1987	In addition, the cells became insensitive to the potent differentiating effect of the phorbol ester--tumor promoting agent (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	86-99	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	124-127
3032178-5	1987	FK also enhanced the IL-2-R expression on a human T lymphotrophic virus I (HTLV-I) positive T-cell line (YTA-1H) and augmented the phorbol ester-induced expression of IL-2-R on HTLV-I negative T-cell lines (HSB-2 and HPB-ALL).	Phorbol Esters	131-144	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	167-173
3470198-7	1987	Addition of cycloheximide to HEL cells treated for a short period with phorbol ester superinduced the expression of the c-sis gene.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	120-125
2435171-7	1987	Postreceptor activation of adenylate cyclase by forskolin and of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester, beta-TPA, caused gastrin release.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	gastrin	Canis lupus familiaris	121-128
3032661-2	1987	After protein kinase C was identified in GH3 cells by direct labeling with [3H]phorbol dibutyrate (PDB), the response to phorbol ester and TRH pretreatment on subsequent TRH-stimulated inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation was found to be inhibitory.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
3102504-0	1987	Phorbol ester induces the biosynthesis of glycosylated and nonglycosylated plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 in high excess over urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human U-937 lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	75-108
3102504-0	1987	Phorbol ester induces the biosynthesis of glycosylated and nonglycosylated plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 in high excess over urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human U-937 lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	129-165
3470296-3	1987	Because HL-60 cells, when triggered to monocytic differentiation by phorbol esters, are known to produce and secrete TNF, their sensitivity to the factor could indicate an autocrine function of TNF in this cell system.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	117-120
3029076-6	1987	In addition, the human promyelocyte-like cell line HL-60 in the presence of phorbol ester and certain T-cell lines containing human retroviruses also produce this CRP-inducing factor(s).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	163-166
3470296-3	1987	Because HL-60 cells, when triggered to monocytic differentiation by phorbol esters, are known to produce and secrete TNF, their sensitivity to the factor could indicate an autocrine function of TNF in this cell system.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	194-197
2880566-20	1987	Both the kinetics and the extent of glutamine synthetase inactivation differ when neutrophils are stimulated with phorbol esters compared with formylated peptides.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	glutamate-ammonia ligase	Homo sapiens	36-56
3558493-0	1987	Bombesin and phorbol ester stimulate phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis by phospholipase C: evidence for a role of protein kinase C. Bombesin caused a marked stimulation of 32Pi into phosphatidylinositol (PI), with no apparent lag, and into phosphatidylcholine (PC), after a lag of about 20 min.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	129-137
3494987-0	1987	Phorbol ester effect on the hydrosmotic response to vasopressin in frog skin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	52-63
3028794-12	1987	Since cycloheximide blocked the effects of PMA on hCG down-regulation, it is likely that the phorbol esters and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol induce the synthesis of some proteins which blocked the recycling of internalized receptors.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	hypertrichosis 2 (generalised, congenital)	Homo sapiens	50-53
3819640-2	1987	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), which directly activates protein kinase C, was able to potentiate the melanophore response to alpha-MSH in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	alpha-msh	Anolis carolinensis	157-166
3297041-2	1987	The present studies demonstrate that treatment of rat adipocytes with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) causes a dose-dependent stimulation of phospholipid methyltransferase (PLMT) activity.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	165-195
3297041-2	1987	The present studies demonstrate that treatment of rat adipocytes with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) causes a dose-dependent stimulation of phospholipid methyltransferase (PLMT) activity.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	197-201
3032466-0	1987	Possible involvement of a Na+/H+ antiporter in the stimulation of hexose transport in Swiss 3T3 cells by a phorbol ester and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 1	Mus musculus	26-43
3101622-0	1987	CD5 positive B cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: phorbol ester mediated enhancement of detection.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
3027529-0	1987	Phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of vasopressin and beta-adrenergic responses in a vascular smooth muscle cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	37-48
3100533-8	1987	Indeed, we found that the G protein inhibitor guanyl-5"-yl thiophosphate (GDP beta S) inhibited PAC1 binding caused by a thromboxane A2 analog (U46619), IP3, and Ca2+, but had no effect on diacylglycerol or phorbol ester-induced PAC1 binding.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	dual specificity phosphatase 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
2948635-1	1987	The effect of phorbol esters on transcription of human type 5 adenovirus (Ad5) early region 1 (E1) genes was studied in two human cell lines (293 and KB16) that contain integrated viral DNA.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	Alzheimer disease, familial, type 5	Homo sapiens	74-77
3026847-0	1987	Phorbol ester induces loss of VIP stimulation of adenylate cyclase and VIP-binding sites in HT29 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	30-33
3026847-0	1987	Phorbol ester induces loss of VIP stimulation of adenylate cyclase and VIP-binding sites in HT29 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	71-74
3026847-1	1987	Treatment of HT29 cells with the tumor promoting phorbol ester PMA resulted in an attenuation of VIP-stimulated cAMP production in intact cells and VIP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in cell membranes.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	97-100
3026847-1	1987	Treatment of HT29 cells with the tumor promoting phorbol ester PMA resulted in an attenuation of VIP-stimulated cAMP production in intact cells and VIP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in cell membranes.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	148-151
3495499-3	1987	The high cytosolic free Ca2+ level induced by anti-T3 or PHA declined more rapidly after addition of phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	101-114	lamin B receptor	Homo sapiens	57-60
3491822-0	1987	Phorbol esters induce interleukin 2 mRNA in sensitive but not in resistant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	22-35
3491822-1	1987	Phorbol ester sensitive EL4 cells become growth-inhibited and produce interleukin 2 when treated with phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	70-83
3491822-9	1987	These results indicate that the failure of phorbol ester-resistant EL4 cells to produce interleukin 2 is due to a defect proximal to interleukin 2 transcription and that the accumulation of interleukin 2 mRNA in phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 cells requires protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	88-101
2893506-2	1987	IL-2-R gene expression is induced by pharmacological agents including calcium ions, phorbol esters such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and forskolin (FK), a direct activator of adenylate cyclase.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-6
3330009-9	1987	Tumour-promoting phorbol esters, but not agents which increase cytoplasmic calcium concentrations, were found to induce binding, suggesting a possible involvement of the protein kinase C pathway in the response of HEC to TNF.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	221-224
3330009-10	1987	Cells pretreated for 24 hours with phorbol esters cannot be reinduced to express H4/18 binding by phorbol esters yet retain full responsiveness to TNF.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	147-150
2822466-4	1987	Phorbol esters, which are tumor promoters, can stimulate protein kinase C. Angiotensin II and alpha 1-agonists activate protein kinase C via diacylglycerol release from phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	75-101
2856551-7	1987	These results indicate that the phorbol ester causes an increase in release of transmitter and thereby potentiates transmission through synapses between mossy fibers and CA3 neurons.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	carbonic anhydrase 3	Cavia porcellus	170-173
3467028-1	1987	I examined whether the phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) induction could be mimicked by raising the cellular diacylglycerol levels.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-94
3025360-1	1987	Previous studies have shown that phorbol esters and lithium each stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the anterior pituitary tumor cell line AtT20/D16-16.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	92-119
3025360-1	1987	Previous studies have shown that phorbol esters and lithium each stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the anterior pituitary tumor cell line AtT20/D16-16.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	121-125
3097147-3	1987	The phorbol ester TPA stimulated ODC activity and [3H]thymidine incorporation to 54% and 31% that of a near-optimal mitogenic concentration of PRL (10 ng/ml), suggesting that mitogenesis in these cells is coupled to some degree to the activation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
3467028-1	1987	I examined whether the phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) induction could be mimicked by raising the cellular diacylglycerol levels.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
3498045-1	1987	The phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) stimulates baseline Na+ transport across frog skin epithelium and partially inhibits the natriferic response to vasopressin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	173-184
2881817-4	1987	Preincubation of the tissue with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA, 10(-7) mol/l) translocated PK-C to the membranes, and the majority of this activity was recovered by solubilization.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	137-141
2432432-3	1987	One of the targets of the phosphoinositide signalling system is the enzyme protein kinase C (PKC), which can be activated experimentally by tumour promoting phorbol esters, including 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	157-171	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	75-91
20501175-2	1987	ANP levels increased 5-fold in response to either forskolin or phorbol ester treatment, and 17-fold after depolarization by 40 mM potassium.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	natriuretic peptide A	Bos taurus	0-3
2432432-3	1987	One of the targets of the phosphoinositide signalling system is the enzyme protein kinase C (PKC), which can be activated experimentally by tumour promoting phorbol esters, including 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	157-171	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	93-96
3331712-0	1987	The inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (guanosine triphosphate) gene expression by insulin is not mediated by protein kinase C. The role protein kinase C plays in the regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression by insulin and phorbol esters was studied in H4IIE hepatoma cells (ATCC CRL 1548).	Phorbol Esters	267-281	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-51
20501175-4	1987	When forskolin and phorbol ester were added simultaneously, their effects were synergistic: ANP levels increased 30-fold, more than the product of the increases achieved by treatment with either drug alone.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	natriuretic peptide A	Bos taurus	92-95
3096580-5	1986	Phorbol-ester-mediated induction of NF-kappa B was observed in a T cell line (Jurkat) and a nonlymphoid cell line (HeLa), and is therefore not restricted to B-lymphoid cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	36-46
3333275-5	1987	We have used this assay to estimate the number of c-myc molecules in a range of normal and transformed cells of human, murine, and feline origin; to monitor increases in c-myc expression when quiescent cells are stimulated with growth factors; and to follow the decrease in c-myc protein levels when HL60 promyelocytic leukaemia cells are induced to differentiate with dimethylsulphoxide or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	391-405	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	50-55
3025854-0	1987	Phorbol ester-induced growth arrest of murine myelomonocytic leukemic cells with virus-disrupted myb locus is not accompanied by decreased myc and myb expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	myeloblastosis oncogene	Mus musculus	97-100
2434085-4	1986	The results further demonstrate that normal human monocytes express CSF-1 RNA and that the level of these transcripts increases upon treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	68-73
3325885-0	1987	Different regulation of N- and c-myc expression during phorbol ester-induced maturation of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	31-36
3325885-2	1987	However, an early (0.5-8.0 h post-induction) transient reduction of c- and N-myc transcripts were observed in these cells upon induction to differentiation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	165-178	MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	75-80
3096697-9	1986	A phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), markedly increased LHRH secretion while inducing a modest increase in PGE2 release.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
3026388-2	1986	Co-treatment with Concanavalin A and either lectin-activated splenocyte conditioned medium or phorbol ester caused increased interleukin 2 receptor expression and proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	125-138
3026394-3	1986	Protein kinase C inhibitor H7 antagonizes the phorbol ester-induced TNF receptor modulation.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	68-71
2435389-0	1986	Ca2+ channel ligand sensitive responses to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in vascular smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
3491147-5	1986	We previously showed that after culture with phorbol esters and interleukin 2, lpr Lyt-2- L3T4- T lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate, acquiring increased levels of surface antigen receptor by most cells, as well as Lyt-2 by a portion.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	79-82
3491147-5	1986	We previously showed that after culture with phorbol esters and interleukin 2, lpr Lyt-2- L3T4- T lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate, acquiring increased levels of surface antigen receptor by most cells, as well as Lyt-2 by a portion.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	CD8 antigen, alpha chain	Mus musculus	83-88
3491147-5	1986	We previously showed that after culture with phorbol esters and interleukin 2, lpr Lyt-2- L3T4- T lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate, acquiring increased levels of surface antigen receptor by most cells, as well as Lyt-2 by a portion.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	CD8 antigen, alpha chain	Mus musculus	222-227
2946400-1	1986	The human leukemia cell lines HL-60, KG-1, KLM-2, ML-3, THP-1, and U-937 were treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	95-108	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	56-61
2946598-0	1986	Synergistic action of lipopolysaccharide and tumor-promoting phorbol esters: two-signal requirement for colony-stimulating factor production by murine bone marrow cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	104-129
2946598-2	1986	However, when BM cells are treated with LPS and the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) simultaneously, they generate significant levels of CSF.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	178-181
3096697-13	1986	At certain concentrations, 12-HETE enhanced the stimulatory effect of the phorbol ester on LHRH release.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
3491084-0	1986	Phorbol diesters and transferrin modulate lymphoblastoid cell transferrin receptor expression by two different mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	transferrin	Homo sapiens	62-73
3102248-10	1986	Second, with regard to the requirements for receptor expression, it was observed that either anti-Ig or phorbol diester (phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate) can induce IL 2R and IL 2 responsiveness (proliferation assay) in LPS blasts but not in fresh B cells.	Phorbol Esters	104-119	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain	Mus musculus	165-170
3102248-10	1986	Second, with regard to the requirements for receptor expression, it was observed that either anti-Ig or phorbol diester (phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate) can induce IL 2R and IL 2 responsiveness (proliferation assay) in LPS blasts but not in fresh B cells.	Phorbol Esters	104-119	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	165-169
3491084-14	1986	Phorbol diesters cause TfR downregulation by a cytoskeleton-independent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	23-26
3540948-1	1986	A polypeptide termed oncostatin M, which inhibits the replication of A375 melanoma and other human tumor cells, but not normal human fibroblasts, has been isolated from serum-free supernatants of U-937 histiocytic lymphoma cells that have been induced to differentiate into macrophage-like cells following treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	325-338	oncostatin M	Homo sapiens	21-33
2879753-0	1986	Effects of dopamine and somatostatin on phorbol ester-stimulated prolactin and growth hormone secretion.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	prolactin	Ovis aries	65-74
2879753-0	1986	Effects of dopamine and somatostatin on phorbol ester-stimulated prolactin and growth hormone secretion.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	somatotropin	Ovis aries	79-93
2879753-1	1986	Incubation of cultured ovine pituitary cells with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) (0.1-100 nM), caused a dose-related stimulation of both growth hormone (ED50 approximately 4 nM) and prolactin (ED50 approximately 14 nM) secretion.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	somatotropin	Ovis aries	184-198
2879753-1	1986	Incubation of cultured ovine pituitary cells with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) (0.1-100 nM), caused a dose-related stimulation of both growth hormone (ED50 approximately 4 nM) and prolactin (ED50 approximately 14 nM) secretion.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	prolactin	Ovis aries	229-238
3770209-0	1986	all-trans-Retinoic acid inhibits the appearance of two phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase mRNAs in mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	77-100
3541926-2	1986	Induction of HL-60 cells by phorbol esters to undergo monocytic differentiation results in the suppression of c-myc, but the activation of c-fos gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	110-115
3541926-2	1986	Induction of HL-60 cells by phorbol esters to undergo monocytic differentiation results in the suppression of c-myc, but the activation of c-fos gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	139-144
3021765-1	1986	We have investigated the simultaneous regulation of cell surface distribution and ligand binding of the asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor and the transferrin receptor in a hepatoma cell line by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	transferrin	Homo sapiens	147-158
3778497-0	1986	Synergistic actions of Ca2+ and the phorbol ester TPA on K+-induced catecholamine release from bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	50-53
3533683-11	1986	The ability of diacylglycerol to mimic the effects of TPA on the insulin receptor supports the concept of diacylglycerols as endogenous phorbol diester analogues even though the sole role of protein kinase C in our system is doubtful.	Phorbol Esters	136-151	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	65-81
3021852-11	1986	Finally, anti-Tp44 and IL 1 each augmented proliferation of phorbol ester-stimulated lymphocytes, whereas anti-CD5 did not.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	14-18
3021852-11	1986	Finally, anti-Tp44 and IL 1 each augmented proliferation of phorbol ester-stimulated lymphocytes, whereas anti-CD5 did not.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	23-27
3770209-1	1986	Two ornithine decarboxylase mRNA species are seen in mouse epidermis in response to the topical application of the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	115-128	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	4-27
3467175-7	1986	The expression of the vimentin gene was also increased when HL60 cells were induced to differentiate by phorbol esters; it decreased when differentiation was induced by retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	vimentin	Homo sapiens	22-30
3019529-0	1986	Inhibition of phorbol ester stimulated interleukin 2 production by copper(II) complexes.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	39-52
3019529-2	1986	Therefore, CuDIPS was tested as a potential inhibitor of another effect of phorbol esters, induction of interleukin 2 (IL2) synthesis, in the mouse thymoma cell line EL4.	Phorbol Esters	75-89	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	104-117
3019529-2	1986	Therefore, CuDIPS was tested as a potential inhibitor of another effect of phorbol esters, induction of interleukin 2 (IL2) synthesis, in the mouse thymoma cell line EL4.	Phorbol Esters	75-89	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	119-122
3019529-3	1986	CuDIPS inhibited phorbol ester induced IL2 production in a concentration dependent manner with a 50% inhibitory concentration of about 10 microM.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	39-42
3019529-4	1986	However, the ligand 3,5-diisopropylsalicylic acid also inhibited the induction of IL2 by phorbol esters (50% inhibitory concentration, 15 microM).	Phorbol Esters	89-103	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	82-85
3019529-6	1986	Consequently, a series of extremely stable copper(II) macrocyclic compounds was synthesized, and the reduction potential, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, and ability to inhibit phorbol ester induced IL2 production were determined for each.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	206-209
3019529-7	1986	Of the copper(II) macrocyclic complexes studied, only the most potent superoxide dismutase mimetic compound was found to inhibit phorbol ester induced IL2 production.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	151-154
3022291-7	1986	Serum and the phorbol ester tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate also enhanced c-myc expression in cardiac myocyte cultures.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	89-94
3021238-3	1986	The fatty acid composition of the cellular membranes directly modulates functional abilities of the macrophages such as the generation of superoxide anion and phospholipase A2 activity in response to phorbol ester and zymosan.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	159-175
2430291-6	1986	The first comprises polypeptide growth factors and phorbol esters, which give rise to a c-fos protein that undergoes extensive post-translational modification.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
2430281-1	1986	Phorbol esters activate protein kinase C and induce expression of the c-fos and c-myc protooncogenes in density-arrested BALB/c 3T3 (A31) cells; in contrast, epidermal growth factor (EGF) does not activate protein kinase C and is a poor inducer of c-fos and c-myc in these confluent cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	70-75
2430281-1	1986	Phorbol esters activate protein kinase C and induce expression of the c-fos and c-myc protooncogenes in density-arrested BALB/c 3T3 (A31) cells; in contrast, epidermal growth factor (EGF) does not activate protein kinase C and is a poor inducer of c-fos and c-myc in these confluent cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	248-253
2430281-2	1986	We show that, when A31 cells were subconfluent and made quiescent by serum deprivation, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced c-fos and c-myc mRNA poorly, whereas EGF was a better inducer.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	146-151
2430281-2	1986	We show that, when A31 cells were subconfluent and made quiescent by serum deprivation, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced c-fos and c-myc mRNA poorly, whereas EGF was a better inducer.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	183-186
3021238-5	1986	Incorporation of unsaturated fatty acids into macrophage phospholipids leads to an increase of O2- production as measured by lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence and to an increased phospholipase A2 activity after challenge with phorbol ester or zymosan.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	183-199
3093578-4	1986	When stimulated in short-term culture with a combination of phorbol ester (PMA) and calcium ionophore, Lyt-2-/L3T4- thymocytes proliferated in a largely IL 2-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	153-157
3464595-0	1986	Identification and characterization of the nonphosphorylated precursor of pp17, a phosphoprotein associated with phorbol ester induction of growth arrest and monocytic differentiation in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
3464595-1	1986	Treatment of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), causes rapid phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of pp17, a 17-20-kDa, pI 5.5 cytosolic protein, as an early event in a response sequence leading to growth arrest and terminal differentiation into monocytes (Feuerstein, N., and Cooper, H. L., (1984) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	186-190
3019901-3	1986	Both the spontaneous and phorbol-ester-enhanced cell aggregations were similarly inhibited by Fab fragments made from antibody 60.3.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	94-97
3100117-5	1986	Incubation of mitogen-treated thymocytes with phorbol esters reconstituted IL-2 production and the proliferative response indicating that the cells were indeed activated by the mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
3463364-1	1986	There is a marked increase in the activity of sialic acid lyase (N-acetylneuraminate lyase; EC 4.1.3.3; also known as sialic acid aldolase) in HL-60 cells induced to differentiate into macrophages by the phorbol ester, tetradecanoylphorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	204-217	N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase	Homo sapiens	65-90
3021151-0	1986	Parathyroid hormone secretion does not respond to changes of free calcium in electropermeabilized bovine parathyroid cells, but is stimulated with phorbol ester and cyclic AMP.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	parathyroid hormone	Bos taurus	0-19
2878123-8	1986	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in combination with phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A, were required for maximal release of LT and IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	159-163
3095123-0	1986	Modulation of c-fos and c-myc mRNA levels in normal human lymphocytes by calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	14-19
3095123-0	1986	Modulation of c-fos and c-myc mRNA levels in normal human lymphocytes by calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	24-29
3820841-0	1986	[Enhanced binding of 131I-labeled monoclonal anti-CEA antibody to a CEA producing lung carcinoma cell line (QG56) after phorbol ester (TPA) treatment].	Phorbol Esters	120-133	CEA cell adhesion molecule 3	Homo sapiens	50-53
3820841-0	1986	[Enhanced binding of 131I-labeled monoclonal anti-CEA antibody to a CEA producing lung carcinoma cell line (QG56) after phorbol ester (TPA) treatment].	Phorbol Esters	120-133	CEA cell adhesion molecule 3	Homo sapiens	68-71
3020428-7	1986	The DNA sequences required for regulation by both cAMP and phorbol ester map to the same 37-base pair (bp) region located 107-71 bp 5" to the mRNA cap site of the proenkephalin gene.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	proenkephalin	Homo sapiens	163-176
3743776-0	1986	Phorbol ester inhibition of vasopressin-induced calcium efflux from cultured rat aortic myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	28-39
3091592-4	1986	With phorbol diesters as stimuli, the following inhibitors of phospholipase A2 and lipoxygenase suppressed release of H2O2 at nontoxic concentrations (microM range): p-bromophenacyl bromide, quinacrine, eicosatetraenoic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, and phenidone.	Phorbol Esters	5-21	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	62-78
3019558-5	1986	These results explain the observation that phorbol ester treatment of intact human platelets results in decreased levels of inositol trisphosphate and decreased Ca2+ mobilization upon subsequent thrombin addition.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	195-203
3017930-6	1986	These results establish that neutrophils stimulated with the phorbol ester produce exclusively O-2 as the primary oxygen metabolite and release it into the extracellular medium.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	95-98
3463215-1	1986	We studied the contractile response to phorbol esters and its relationship to myosin light chain phosphorylation in intact and Triton X-100-skinned porcine carotid preparations.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	78-84
2426097-7	1986	12-O-Tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, also stimulated both ACTH release and phosphorylation of P19.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2D	Mus musculus	129-132
3015390-5	1986	We did find, however, that one antibody that recognizes the resistance-associated glycoprotein, Mr 180,000 glycoprotein (gp180), was only minimally altered in amount bound after treatment with the phorbol ester, but two other resistance-associated glycoproteins, Mr 155,000 glycoprotein (gp155) and, to a lesser extent, Mr 130,000 glycoprotein (gp130), were reduced in expression after this treatment.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	121-126
3732165-4	1986	Acylglycerols and phorbol esters, which are less potent stimulators of PKC activity in other systems, stimulated hPL release to a lesser extent than either diC8 or PMA.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	113-116
3732165-0	1986	Sn-1,2-diacylglycerols and phorbol esters stimulate the synthesis and release of human placental lactogen from placental cells: a role for protein kinase C. Activation of calcium-stimulated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) by diacylglycerols and phorbol esters has been shown to mediate the release of secretory proteins in several systems.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2	Homo sapiens	87-105
3732165-9	1986	The demonstration that acylglycerols and phorbol esters stimulate the synthesis and release of hPL strongly implicates protein kinase C activation in the mechanisms of hPL synthesis and release.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	95-98
3732165-9	1986	The demonstration that acylglycerols and phorbol esters stimulate the synthesis and release of hPL strongly implicates protein kinase C activation in the mechanisms of hPL synthesis and release.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
3093371-0	1986	Synergistic induction by calcium ionophore and phorbol ester of interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression, IL-2 production, and proliferation in autoimmune MRL/MP-lpr mice.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	64-77
3017734-0	1986	Phorbol ester-induced surface transferrin receptor modulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	30-50
3017734-2	1986	Both phorbol ester or diacylglycerol (DAG) reduce cell surface transferrin receptor (TFR) number in CEM cells (a human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia line) and HL-60 cells (a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line).	Phorbol Esters	5-18	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	63-83
3017734-2	1986	Both phorbol ester or diacylglycerol (DAG) reduce cell surface transferrin receptor (TFR) number in CEM cells (a human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia line) and HL-60 cells (a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line).	Phorbol Esters	5-18	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	85-88
3017734-5	1986	Although cell surface TFR number is reduced to 25-30% of the control level 5 h after phorbol ester administration, apparent cell proliferation (as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation) remains unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	22-25
3017734-9	1986	Our results also demonstrate that phorbol ester-induced effects on the TFR can be mimicked by the endogenous stimulator of protein kinase C, DAG, whether added directly to cultures or produced by the cells in response to exogenous phospholipase C. Furthermore, the phenomenon of TFR redistribution here described is not associated with a decreased proliferative capacity.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	71-74
3017734-9	1986	Our results also demonstrate that phorbol ester-induced effects on the TFR can be mimicked by the endogenous stimulator of protein kinase C, DAG, whether added directly to cultures or produced by the cells in response to exogenous phospholipase C. Furthermore, the phenomenon of TFR redistribution here described is not associated with a decreased proliferative capacity.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	279-282
3093371-2	1986	Induction of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), IL-2 production and subsequent de novo DNA synthesis in MRL/l mice by the tumour-promoting phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and calcium ionophore (A23187) were examined.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain	Mus musculus	13-26
3093371-2	1986	Induction of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), IL-2 production and subsequent de novo DNA synthesis in MRL/l mice by the tumour-promoting phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and calcium ionophore (A23187) were examined.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain	Mus musculus	28-33
3093371-2	1986	Induction of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R), IL-2 production and subsequent de novo DNA synthesis in MRL/l mice by the tumour-promoting phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and calcium ionophore (A23187) were examined.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	13-17
3755722-0	1986	Human glycophorin A and B are encoded by separate, single copy genes coordinately regulated by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	6-25
3755722-9	1986	Furthermore, we show that the expression of the glycophorin A and B genes are coordinately regulated by tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	48-67
3093371-0	1986	Synergistic induction by calcium ionophore and phorbol ester of interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression, IL-2 production, and proliferation in autoimmune MRL/MP-lpr mice.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	79-83
3093371-0	1986	Synergistic induction by calcium ionophore and phorbol ester of interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression, IL-2 production, and proliferation in autoimmune MRL/MP-lpr mice.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	162-165
3026995-0	1986	Participation of protein kinase C in the activation of human neutrophils by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-33
3529084-3	1986	We now report that phorbol ester-induced differentiation of the HL-60 and U-937 cells results in the induction of the expression of the c-sis platelet-derived growth factor 2 (PDGF-2) protooncogene.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	136-141
2428906-5	1986	The rise in pHi has a permissive effect on DNA synthesis and is mediated by an otherwise quiescent Na+/H+ exchange mechanism in the plasma membrane, which is turned on by protein kinase C, the cellular receptor for phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	215-229	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	12-15
3529084-3	1986	We now report that phorbol ester-induced differentiation of the HL-60 and U-937 cells results in the induction of the expression of the c-sis platelet-derived growth factor 2 (PDGF-2) protooncogene.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	176-182
3525675-1	1986	Homotypic adhesion by phorbol ester-stimulated lymphocytes requires LFA-1 and Mg+2 and does not involve like-like interactions between LFA-1 molecules on adjacent cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	68-73
3464276-0	1986	Conversion of protein kinase C from a Ca2+-dependent to an independent form of phorbol ester-binding protein by digestion with trypsin.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
3090144-5	1986	In the presence of either suboptimal levels of phorbol ester (PMA) or Ionomycin, the addition of IL 1 resulted in up to an 80-fold enhancement in the amount of IL 2 secreted.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	97-101
3090144-5	1986	In the presence of either suboptimal levels of phorbol ester (PMA) or Ionomycin, the addition of IL 1 resulted in up to an 80-fold enhancement in the amount of IL 2 secreted.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	160-164
2429651-0	1986	The phorbol ester induced atrial natriuretic peptide secretion is stimulated by forskolin and Bay K8644 and inhibited by 8-bromo-cyclic GMP.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	26-52
3461788-2	1986	During a 4-day culture period, the various phorbol ester derivatives TPA, PDD, PDBu, PDBz and PDA inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with respective IC50 of 0.06, 0.75, 2.4, 3.6 and 15 X 10(-9) M. The 4-O-met-TPA, alpha PDD and alph PHR were ineffective at 2 X 10(-7) M, the highest concentration tested.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	MYC binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	269-272
3525675-1	1986	Homotypic adhesion by phorbol ester-stimulated lymphocytes requires LFA-1 and Mg+2 and does not involve like-like interactions between LFA-1 molecules on adjacent cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	mucin 7, secreted	Homo sapiens	78-82
3525675-4	1986	After immunization with LFA-1-deficient EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells, a MAb was obtained that inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated aggregation of LFA-1+ EBV lines.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	24-29
3525675-4	1986	After immunization with LFA-1-deficient EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells, a MAb was obtained that inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated aggregation of LFA-1+ EBV lines.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	151-156
3525675-8	1986	As shown by MAb inhibition, ICAM-1 participates in phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion reactions of B lymphocyte and myeloid cell lines and T lymphocyte blasts.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	28-34
2426251-5	1986	This stimulation was mimicked by exposure of cells to biologically active phorbol esters, suggesting that thrombin action may be mediated through activation of kinase C (Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent enzyme).	Phorbol Esters	74-88	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	106-114
3489616-4	1986	ECDGF-induced EGF receptor transmodulation is sensitive to phorbol ester-induced desensitization whereas ECDGF-induced DNA synthesis is unaffected by prolonged pre-treatment with biologically active phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	14-26
3492504-0	1986	Phorbol esters activate protein kinase C and glucose transport and can replace the requirement for growth factor in interleukin-3-dependent multipotent stem cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	24-40
3492504-0	1986	Phorbol esters activate protein kinase C and glucose transport and can replace the requirement for growth factor in interleukin-3-dependent multipotent stem cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	116-129
3526339-4	1986	These results indicate that activators of protein kinase C, such as phorbol esters, desensitize cells to insulin by direct protein kinase C action on the insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	105-112
3526339-4	1986	These results indicate that activators of protein kinase C, such as phorbol esters, desensitize cells to insulin by direct protein kinase C action on the insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	154-170
3530763-0	1986	Early phorbol ester induced release of cell surface fibronectin: direct observation by photoelectron microscopy.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	52-63
3530763-1	1986	One of the early effects of the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on cultured normal fibroblasts is the release of fibronectin into the culture medium.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	153-164
3023305-1	1986	Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) act synergistically to induce interleukin 2 (IL2) mRNA in human lymphocytes in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	135-148
3023305-1	1986	Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) act synergistically to induce interleukin 2 (IL2) mRNA in human lymphocytes in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	150-153
3011901-4	1986	We now report that, on stable transfection of the genomic human IFN-gamma 8.6 Kb BamH DNA fragment into a mouse T lymphoblast cell line, both mRNA expression and synthesis of human IFN-gamma were stimulated by both the physiologic ligand IL 2 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	247-260	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	64-73
3487378-4	1986	The expression of Hex I was examined in 87 leukemia-lymphoma cell lines, in 14 B-lymphoblastoid cell lines, in 441 cases of leukemia-lymphoma (specimens containing 80% or more tumor cells), in 22 leukemia cell lines and in 14 cases of leukemia that had been treated with phorbolesters (TPA) for induction of differentiation, and in the mononuclear cell preparations separated from peripheral blood, lymph node, thymus, bone marrow, tonsil, liver, and spleen specimens from normal donors.	Phorbol Esters	271-284	hematopoietically expressed homeobox	Homo sapiens	18-21
3011904-0	1986	High and low affinity receptors for interleukin 2: implications of pronase, phorbol ester, and cell membrane studies upon the basis for differential ligand affinities.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	36-49
3087969-3	1986	We show that the plant lectin concanavalin A (ConA), the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and the Ca2+-ionophore A23187 each causes a rapid increase in both c-fos and c-myc mRNAs.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	182-187
3011123-5	1986	It is suggested that activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters or physiological stimuli (hormones that activate phosphoinositide turnover, such as vasopressin or angiotensin II) modulate the hepatocyte alpha 1-adrenergic responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	154-183
3086451-1	1986	ICAM-1 is a cell surface glycoprotein originally defined by a monoclonal antibody (MAb) that inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated leukocyte aggregation.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
3086451-5	1986	Phorbol ester-stimulated differentiation of myelomonocytic cell lines greatly increases ICAM-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	88-94
3014521-6	1986	Dioctanoylglycerol or phorbol ester in conjunction with either norepinephrine, PGE2 or forskolin resulted in an additive effect on LHRH release suggesting coexistence of both pathways.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
2941417-2	1986	IL-2 receptors on normal human T lymphocytes and the leukemic cell line, HUT102B2, are rapidly phosphorylated in vivo in response to the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	153-166	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
3011805-0	1986	Cyclic AMP and phorbol esters separately induce growth inhibition, calcitonin secretion, and calcitonin gene transcription in cultured human medullary thyroid carcinoma.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	67-77
3011805-0	1986	Cyclic AMP and phorbol esters separately induce growth inhibition, calcitonin secretion, and calcitonin gene transcription in cultured human medullary thyroid carcinoma.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	93-103
3011901-4	1986	We now report that, on stable transfection of the genomic human IFN-gamma 8.6 Kb BamH DNA fragment into a mouse T lymphoblast cell line, both mRNA expression and synthesis of human IFN-gamma were stimulated by both the physiologic ligand IL 2 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	247-260	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	181-190
3711103-1	1986	The addition of the tumor promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate to intact human red blood cells activates protein kinase C and stimulates the phosphorylation of the membrane skeletal proteins band 4.1 and band 4.9 as well as two proteins of molecular mass 115 and 110 kDa.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1	Homo sapiens	216-224
3698022-1	1986	Phorbol esters trigger production of interleukin 2 by EL4 thymoma cells via an interaction with specific receptors, now considered to be identical with protein kinase C. Several in vitro substrates for protein kinase C were characterized by incubating cytosol from phorbol ester-responsive and -nonresponsive cells with [32P]adenosine triphosphate and CaCl2 with or without phosphatidylserine and diolein and separating proteins by gel electrophoresis.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	37-50
3729937-1	1986	In a Triton X100-extract from the particulate fraction of mouse epidermis but also of other murine tissues, the phosphorylation of a protein with the relative molecular mass of 82,000 (p82) is found to be dependent on phosphatidyl serine and the tumor promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	262-275	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4	Mus musculus	185-188
3015429-0	1986	Phorbol ester-induced regulation of transferrin receptors in human leukemia K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transferrin	Homo sapiens	36-47
3698022-1	1986	Phorbol esters trigger production of interleukin 2 by EL4 thymoma cells via an interaction with specific receptors, now considered to be identical with protein kinase C. Several in vitro substrates for protein kinase C were characterized by incubating cytosol from phorbol ester-responsive and -nonresponsive cells with [32P]adenosine triphosphate and CaCl2 with or without phosphatidylserine and diolein and separating proteins by gel electrophoresis.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	54-57
3011859-2	1986	Using antisera to a recombinant v-fms--coded polypeptide, glycoproteins encoded by the human c-fms locus were detected in mononuclear cells from normal peripheral blood and in promyelocytic HL-60 cells 24 h after induction of monocytic differentiation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	257-270	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	93-98
3011859-5	1986	Like peripheral blood mononuclear cells and phorbol ester-treated HL-60 cells, the choriocarcinoma cells expressed high affinity binding sites for human CSF-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	153-158
3085108-1	1986	When messenger RNA (mRNA) from both untreated and phorbol ester-treated melanoma cells is translated in simple reticulocyte lysates, tissue-type plasminogen activator can be immunoprecipitated by an affinity-purified antibody as a approximately 52,000 mol wt protein, with no detectable biological (plasminogen activating) activity.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	133-166
3087356-1	1986	Phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate) stimulates the secretion of tissue-type plasminogen activator by the melanoma cell line, Bowes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	82-115
3087356-3	1986	Labelling of melanoma cells with L-[35S]methionine allowed to identify an intracellular protein which, by 3 criteria, was identical with the in vitro translation product of the 48kDa-protein mRNA: a Mr of 48,000 on electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate; inducibility by phorbol ester and failure of reducing agents to affect electrophoretic mobility.	Phorbol Esters	291-304	S-antigen visual arrestin	Homo sapiens	177-190
3708006-3	1986	Furthermore, this phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of human alpha-thrombin-induced activation could be prevented by H7 (1-[5-isoquinolinesulphonyl]-2-methylpiperazine), the recently described inhibitor of protein kinase C. These results suggest a role for protein kinase C as a modulator of receptor-operated calcium fluxes in human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	67-75
3708006-0	1986	Phorbol esters modulate thrombin-operated calcium mobilisation and dense granule release in human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	24-32
2941012-0	1986	Dioctanoylglycerol and phorbol diesters enhance phosphorylation of phosphoprotein B-50 in native synaptic plasma membranes.	Phorbol Esters	23-39	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	82-86
3539101-0	1986	Potentiation of specific association of insulin with HepG2 cells by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	40-47
3539101-4	1986	The phorbol-ester-induced enhancement of internalized insulin in HepG2 cells was additive with the potentiation of endocytosed insulin induced by both the lysosomotropic reagent chloroquine and the ionophore monensin; this indicates that TPA affects the intracellular processing of the insulin receptor at a point other than those disrupted by either of these two reagents.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	insulin	Homo sapiens	54-61
3539101-4	1986	The phorbol-ester-induced enhancement of internalized insulin in HepG2 cells was additive with the potentiation of endocytosed insulin induced by both the lysosomotropic reagent chloroquine and the ionophore monensin; this indicates that TPA affects the intracellular processing of the insulin receptor at a point other than those disrupted by either of these two reagents.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	insulin	Homo sapiens	127-134
3539101-4	1986	The phorbol-ester-induced enhancement of internalized insulin in HepG2 cells was additive with the potentiation of endocytosed insulin induced by both the lysosomotropic reagent chloroquine and the ionophore monensin; this indicates that TPA affects the intracellular processing of the insulin receptor at a point other than those disrupted by either of these two reagents.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	286-302
3539101-5	1986	The potentiation of insulin receptor internalization by tumour-promoting phorbol esters could be completely mimicked by treatment with phospholipase C, but not with phospholipase A, and partially mimicked by treatment with the synthetic diacylglycerol 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	20-36
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	56-72
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	272-288
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	insulin	Homo sapiens	56-63
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	228-242	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	56-72
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	228-242	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	272-288
3085722-0	1986	Evidence for a catalytic role of phospholipase A in phorbol diester- and zymosan-induced mobilization of arachidonic acid in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	52-67	phospholipase A and acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	33-48
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	228-242	insulin	Homo sapiens	56-63
2870134-5	1986	The developmental expression of GS was also greatly stimulated by mezerein, a potent nonphorbol tumor promoter, but not by 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, a nonpromoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	glutamate-ammonia ligase	Rattus norvegicus	32-34
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	421-434	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	56-72
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	421-434	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	272-288
3539101-6	1986	By these criteria, the effects of phorbol esters on the insulin receptor in HepG2 cells appear to be mediated through protein kinase C. These results support the concept that the activation of protein kinase C by treatment with phorbol esters causes a perturbation of the insulin-receptor-mediated endocytotic pathway in HepG2 cells, reflected in a long-term decreased rate of dissociation of internalized insulin by the phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	421-434	insulin	Homo sapiens	56-63
3010137-1	1986	Protein kinase C (PKC), a calcium-dependent phospholipid-sensitive kinase which is selectively activated by phorbol esters, is thought to play an important role in several cellular processes.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
3010137-1	1986	Protein kinase C (PKC), a calcium-dependent phospholipid-sensitive kinase which is selectively activated by phorbol esters, is thought to play an important role in several cellular processes.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
3754488-1	1986	The synthesis of a Mr 32,000 protein (p32) is enhanced as early as 2 h after the addition of tumor-promoting phorbol esters to BALB/c 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	complement component 1, q subcomponent binding protein	Mus musculus	38-41
3517218-0	1986	The requirement for lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 in homotypic leukocyte adhesion stimulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	20-60
3007488-2	1986	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters (e.g. 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA] increased the level of VL30 expression.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	RIKEN cDNA A130040M12 gene	Mus musculus	101-105
3466024-0	1986	Phorbol ester induces c-sis gene transcription in stem cell line K-562.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	22-27
3466024-1	1986	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced megakaryoblastic differentiation and c-sis expression in the human hematopoietic stem cell line K-562.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	106-111
3087138-0	1986	The phorbol ester TPA induces hormone release and electrical activity in clonal rat pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
3087138-1	1986	The phorbol ester TPA activates the protein kinase C in a similar way as 1,2-diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
2427445-1	1986	The thymic leukemia cell line EL4 has been shown to produce the lymphokine Interleukin-2 (IL-2) following stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	123-136	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	75-88
3005303-0	1986	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters increase the Km of the ATP-binding site of the insulin receptor kinase from rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	78-94
3086215-0	1986	Calcium ionophore A 23 187 in the presence of phorbol ester PMA: a potent inducer of interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma synthesis by human blood cells.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	85-98
3083809-1	1986	Both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	120-133
3083809-1	1986	Both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	135-139
3081905-0	1986	Early precursor thymocytes can produce interleukin 2 upon stimulation with calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	39-52
2420328-0	1986	Direct phosphorylation of the IL-2 receptor Tac antigen epitope by protein kinase C. Phorbol esters induce a rapid phosphorylation of the antigenic epitope of the human IL-2 receptor identified by anti-Tac monoclonal antibody.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	30-43
2420328-0	1986	Direct phosphorylation of the IL-2 receptor Tac antigen epitope by protein kinase C. Phorbol esters induce a rapid phosphorylation of the antigenic epitope of the human IL-2 receptor identified by anti-Tac monoclonal antibody.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	169-182
3513765-1	1986	Active phorbol esters such as TPA (12-0-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate) inhibited growth of mammary carcinoma cells (MCF-7 greater than BT-20 greater than MDA-MB-231 greater than = ZR-75-1 greater than HBL-100) with the exception of T-47-D cells presumably by interacting with the phospholipid/Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	7-21	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	327-330
3003192-1	1986	Tac antigen (as a measure of the IL 2 receptor) acquisition and regulation by IL 2, an antigen-receptor agonist (anti-T3), phorbol esters, and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were studied.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-11
3003192-2	1986	Phorbol esters stimulated de novo acquisition of Tac antigen, which was associated with the subcellular redistribution of protein kinase C (PK-C) from cytosol to particulate membranes of human T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	49-60
3003192-2	1986	Phorbol esters stimulated de novo acquisition of Tac antigen, which was associated with the subcellular redistribution of protein kinase C (PK-C) from cytosol to particulate membranes of human T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	122-138
3003192-2	1986	Phorbol esters stimulated de novo acquisition of Tac antigen, which was associated with the subcellular redistribution of protein kinase C (PK-C) from cytosol to particulate membranes of human T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
3003192-4	1986	Both phorbol esters and alpha-T3 could increase Tac expression and stimulate PK-C translocation on 5 and 12 day activated T cells that were at the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle due to IL 2 deprivation.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	77-81
3003192-4	1986	Both phorbol esters and alpha-T3 could increase Tac expression and stimulate PK-C translocation on 5 and 12 day activated T cells that were at the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle due to IL 2 deprivation.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	184-188
3484763-3	1986	Maximal levels of IL 2 mRNA were reached 6 hr after induction of Jurkat cells with a combination of mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	137-150	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
3007165-0	1986	Phorbol ester enhances both interleukin 2 receptor expression and immunoglobulin secretion in human Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	28-41
2418145-4	1986	Although certain mAbs to Thy-1.2 failed to bind to the Thy-1 transfected Jurkat cells, several known mitogenic anti-Thy-1 mAbs did react, and in the presence of phorbol ester, induced IL-2 secretion.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	184-188
3079793-0	1986	Activation of IL 1-dependent and IL 1-independent T cell lines by calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	14-18
3079793-0	1986	Activation of IL 1-dependent and IL 1-independent T cell lines by calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	33-37
2427445-1	1986	The thymic leukemia cell line EL4 has been shown to produce the lymphokine Interleukin-2 (IL-2) following stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	123-136	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	90-94
3080983-3	1986	The decrease in activity highly correlated with the phosphorylation in the smaller CNBr fragment (CB-1) and only at high concentration of the phorbol ester the increase in the phosphorylation of the larger CNBr fragment (CB-2) became significative.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	cannabinoid receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	221-225
3004435-8	1986	Activation of plasmalemmal, O-2 generating NADPH oxidase by the phorbol ester is delayed by about 20 sec with respect to the activation of PK-C.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	139-143
3008983-1	1986	The intracisternal injection of either all-trans-retinoic acid or [alpha]-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) into the brain of 9-day-old mice blocked (greater than 90%) phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, EC 4.1.1.17) activity in a concentration-dependent fashion; this inhibition was not evident with the use of the biologically impotent furyl analog of retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	187-210
3008983-1	1986	The intracisternal injection of either all-trans-retinoic acid or [alpha]-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) into the brain of 9-day-old mice blocked (greater than 90%) phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, EC 4.1.1.17) activity in a concentration-dependent fashion; this inhibition was not evident with the use of the biologically impotent furyl analog of retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	212-215
3510658-0	1986	Phorbol ester-induced production of beta-2-microglobulin in B-CLL cells: relation to IgM secretory response and disease activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	36-56
3513761-1	1986	The phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), at concentrations of 0.1 microM and above, stimulated secretion of glucagon and of insulin from isolated rat islets of Langerhans incubated in the presence of 5.5 mM-glucose.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	131-139
3940894-0	1986	Stimulation of parathyroid hormone secretion by phorbol esters is associated with a decrease of cytosolic calcium.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	parathyroid hormone	Bos taurus	15-34
2428555-6	1986	IL-2 production by cells stimulated with concanavalin A and a phorbol ester was higher in cord blood.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
3098506-0	1986	Expression of c-myc and c-fos during phorbol ester induced differentiation of B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	14-19
3098506-0	1986	Expression of c-myc and c-fos during phorbol ester induced differentiation of B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	24-29
3100884-5	1986	The results demonstrate that only the high affinity IL-2 receptor class is induced by phorbol esters and that both IL-2 and cell surface expression of its high affinity receptor is required for induction of low affinity IL-2 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	52-65
3100884-5	1986	The results demonstrate that only the high affinity IL-2 receptor class is induced by phorbol esters and that both IL-2 and cell surface expression of its high affinity receptor is required for induction of low affinity IL-2 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	52-56
2939645-1	1986	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA, 100 ng ml-1), a tumor promoting phorbol ester, is able to induce enhanced levels of the transformation-associated cellular antigen p53 in normal rat 2 cells which had not been previously initiated by a carcinogen.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	174-177
3081875-0	1986	Effects of a phorbol ester and diacylglycerols on secretion of mucin and arginine esterase by rat submandibular gland cells.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	solute carrier family 13 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
3020576-0	1986	Effects of prolonged phorbol ester exposure on ACTH secretion from mouse pituitary tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	47-51
3091996-2	1986	The IL 2 production could be greatly augmented by the addition of a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	68-81	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
3093810-0	1986	Induction of human interferon gamma with phorbol esters and phytohemagglutinin.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	19-35
3423468-1	1986	Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in signal transduction and the action of phorbol ester tumor promoters, and it is of interest to isolate the coding sequence of this enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
3423468-1	1986	Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in signal transduction and the action of phorbol ester tumor promoters, and it is of interest to isolate the coding sequence of this enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
4063970-0	1985	Phorbol ester-induced alteration of differentiation and proliferation in human hematopoietic tumor cell lines: relationship to the presence and subcellular distribution of protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	172-188
2999118-5	1985	Both 8-bromo-cAMP and phorbol ester increased POMC mRNA levels in AtT-20 cells, suggesting that CRF may act through different protein kinases to regulate the POMC gene.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	46-50
2999118-5	1985	Both 8-bromo-cAMP and phorbol ester increased POMC mRNA levels in AtT-20 cells, suggesting that CRF may act through different protein kinases to regulate the POMC gene.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	158-162
4063970-1	1985	The intracellular translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) from the soluble to the membranous fraction has been shown previously to correlate with biological activity of phorbol esters in several systems.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
3002350-0	1985	Atrial natriuretic peptide secretion: synergistic effect of phorbol ester and A23187.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
3910172-0	1985	Diacylglycerol and phorbol esters enhance LHRH and prostaglandin E2 secretion from median eminence nerve terminals in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
4063970-1	1985	The intracellular translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) from the soluble to the membranous fraction has been shown previously to correlate with biological activity of phorbol esters in several systems.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-51
3933961-3	1985	This was accompanied by increased PRL secretion and decreased epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding, two responses that also occur with phorbol ester treatment of GH4C1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-85
3933961-3	1985	This was accompanied by increased PRL secretion and decreased epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding, two responses that also occur with phorbol ester treatment of GH4C1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
3936721-0	1985	Interleukin 2 mRNA induction in human lymphocytes: analysis of the synergistic effect of a calcium ionophore A23187 and a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-13
3936721-2	1985	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), acted synergistically with a Ca2+ ionophore A23187 or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) to induce a high level of IL2 mRNA in lymphocytes, whereas each of them by itself could not induce the mRNA production.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	183-186
3934265-6	1985	By using a combination of phorbol ester and IL 2, these cells acquired transient expression of IL 2 receptors and grew in an IL 2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	95-99
4066760-0	1985	Phorbol esters and gene expression: the role of rapid changes in K+ transport in the induction of ornithine decarboxylase by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in BALB/c 3T3 cells and a mutant cell line defective in Na+K+Cl- cotransport.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	98-121
3934265-6	1985	By using a combination of phorbol ester and IL 2, these cells acquired transient expression of IL 2 receptors and grew in an IL 2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	95-99
3934268-0	1985	Synergistic action of A23187 and phorbol ester on human B cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	B cell linker	Homo sapiens	56-73
2416908-8	1985	When coapplied with (-)-isoproterenol, phorbol ester and 8-Br-cAMP, at a concentration which optimally stimulated ACTH secretion, BAY-K-8644 had an additive effect; the secretory responses to K+ (50 mM) or the calcium ionophore, A-23187, on the other hand, were potentiated.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	114-118
2416313-6	1985	The results suggest that cAMP and phorbol esters synergistically induce the VIP/PHM-27 gene expression through independent pathways.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	80-86
2418494-2	1985	Now we report that the same antibody, either as purified IgG or Fab fragments, also inhibits the extensive adhesion among granulocytes induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	64-67
4089833-7	1985	Cytochalasins B and D, vinblastine, and colchicine, each decreased the generation of tissue factor activity when cells were exposed to endotoxin or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	LOC101909187	Bos taurus	85-98
4089833-9	1985	Thus, perturbation of endothelial cells by treatment with phorbol ester or endotoxin induces potent tissue factor procoagulant activity.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	LOC101909187	Bos taurus	100-113
2416313-0	1985	Synergistic stimulation of VIP/PHM-27 gene expression by cyclic AMP and phorbol esters in human neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	27-30
2416313-0	1985	Synergistic stimulation of VIP/PHM-27 gene expression by cyclic AMP and phorbol esters in human neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	31-37
2416313-2	1985	Bt2cAMP and phorbol esters increased the VIP/PHM-27 mRNA level by about 9- and 4-fold, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	41-44
2416313-2	1985	Bt2cAMP and phorbol esters increased the VIP/PHM-27 mRNA level by about 9- and 4-fold, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	45-51
2416313-3	1985	In the presence of both Bt2cAMP and phorbol esters, the VIP/PHM-27 mRNA level increased by about 36-fold.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	56-59
2416313-3	1985	In the presence of both Bt2cAMP and phorbol esters, the VIP/PHM-27 mRNA level increased by about 36-fold.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	60-66
3001700-4	1985	The phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate also stimulates EGF receptor RNA accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	73-85
3001707-3	1985	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also prevented FSH-induced cell aggregation and suppressed cAMP formation, LH receptor expression, and progesterone production, with an ID50 of 0.2 nM.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	131-142
4089833-2	1985	The acquired procoagulant activity was identified as tissue factor since cells treated with endotoxin or phorbol ester activated factor X only in the presence of factor VIIa, and factor X activation could be completely blocked by a specific antibody to bovine tissue factor apoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	LOC101909187	Bos taurus	53-66
4089833-2	1985	The acquired procoagulant activity was identified as tissue factor since cells treated with endotoxin or phorbol ester activated factor X only in the presence of factor VIIa, and factor X activation could be completely blocked by a specific antibody to bovine tissue factor apoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	LOC101909187	Bos taurus	260-273
2416313-6	1985	The results suggest that cAMP and phorbol esters synergistically induce the VIP/PHM-27 gene expression through independent pathways.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	76-79
4075102-3	1985	Here we report that a known tumor-promoting phorbol diester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), can support the survival of both neuronal types in the absence of either NGF or CNTF and does so with the same efficacy as the corresponding trophic factor.	Phorbol Esters	44-59	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Gallus gallus	186-190
4053280-0	1985	Dose and schedule of oral retinoic acid and indomethacin needed to effectively inhibit phorbol ester-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	119-142
3935104-0	1985	Control of glycogen phosphorylase interconversion by phorbol esters, diacylglycerols, Ca2+ and hormones in isolated rat hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	glycogen phosphorylase L	Rattus norvegicus	11-33
3000601-4	1985	Bradykinin and phorbol esters stimulated the same magnitude of c-myc expression as PDGF but elicited less than one-tenth the PDGF-induced mitogenic response.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	63-68
2931483-8	1985	Calcium mobilization with the calcium ionophore A23187 (1 microM) had a synergistic effect on phorbol ester-induced internalization of CR1, but abrogated the phorbol ester enhancement of CR1-dependent phagocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	187-190
2935488-0	1985	Phorbol ester-induced adhesion (binding) among human mononuclear leukocytes requires extracellular Mg++ and is sensitive to protein kinase C, lipoxygenase, and ATPase inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	160-166
3877142-2	1985	Whereas Lyt-2+ cells could be induced to IL-2-dependent growth by lectin, phorbol ester, or calcium ionophore, none of these stimuli was by itself sufficient for L3T4+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CD8 antigen, alpha chain	Mus musculus	8-13
3877142-2	1985	Whereas Lyt-2+ cells could be induced to IL-2-dependent growth by lectin, phorbol ester, or calcium ionophore, none of these stimuli was by itself sufficient for L3T4+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	41-45
3877142-3	1985	The latter cells could, however, be induced to respond to IL-2 by combinations of lectin plus phorbol ester or ionophore plus phorbol ester (but not lectin plus ionophore).	Phorbol Esters	94-107	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	58-62
3877142-3	1985	The latter cells could, however, be induced to respond to IL-2 by combinations of lectin plus phorbol ester or ionophore plus phorbol ester (but not lectin plus ionophore).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	58-62
4063581-1	1985	The effects of the co-carcinogenic phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), on N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP)-induced human polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemokinesis and release of granular lysozyme and beta-glucuronidase were compared with those of the inactive phorbol didecanoate (PDD).	Phorbol Esters	35-48	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-106
4063581-1	1985	The effects of the co-carcinogenic phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), on N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP)-induced human polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemokinesis and release of granular lysozyme and beta-glucuronidase were compared with those of the inactive phorbol didecanoate (PDD).	Phorbol Esters	35-48	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
2931483-1	1985	The plasma membrane expression and the phagocytic function of the C3b receptor (CR1) on human neutrophils (PMN) are under the control of cellular regulatory mechanisms, and phorbol esters are one class of agents that modulate both membrane expression and function.	Phorbol Esters	173-187	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	80-83
2931483-8	1985	Calcium mobilization with the calcium ionophore A23187 (1 microM) had a synergistic effect on phorbol ester-induced internalization of CR1, but abrogated the phorbol ester enhancement of CR1-dependent phagocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	135-138
2931483-9	1985	Both trimethoxybenzoate, the intracellular calcium antagonist, and chlorpromazine inhibited phorbol ester-induced internalization of CR1, whereas chelation of extracellular calcium did not.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	133-136
3862668-1	1985	Tumor promoting phorbol esters and mezerein strongly induced plasminogen activator (urokinase, uPA) synthesis in porcine kidney cell cultures (LLC-PK1).	Phorbol Esters	16-30	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Sus scrofa	95-98
2997786-4	1985	cAMP, epidermal growth factor, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and K+ depolarization also induce the fos gene.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
2993419-1	1985	I. Synergistic action of phorbol ester and interleukin 2 in the induction of Tac antigen expression and interleukin 2 responsiveness in leukemic B cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	77-88
2995837-5	1985	Here we present a novel model of synergism between Ca2+ and phorbol esters that leads to transferrin receptor phosphorylation and down-regulation in HL-60 human leukaemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	transferrin	Homo sapiens	89-100
3875403-12	1985	Accordingly, the results of these studies suggest that, during prolonged cultivation that has included exposure to crude IL-2 preparations known to contain phorbol ester, possibly viruses, and other contaminants, the IL-2-dependent lines have developed subpopulations that are thought to have undergone malignant transformation of unknown etiology to generate IL-2-independent murine T-cell lymphomas that can be passaged repetitively either in vitro or in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	121-125
3875403-12	1985	Accordingly, the results of these studies suggest that, during prolonged cultivation that has included exposure to crude IL-2 preparations known to contain phorbol ester, possibly viruses, and other contaminants, the IL-2-dependent lines have developed subpopulations that are thought to have undergone malignant transformation of unknown etiology to generate IL-2-independent murine T-cell lymphomas that can be passaged repetitively either in vitro or in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	217-221
3875403-12	1985	Accordingly, the results of these studies suggest that, during prolonged cultivation that has included exposure to crude IL-2 preparations known to contain phorbol ester, possibly viruses, and other contaminants, the IL-2-dependent lines have developed subpopulations that are thought to have undergone malignant transformation of unknown etiology to generate IL-2-independent murine T-cell lymphomas that can be passaged repetitively either in vitro or in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	217-221
2411789-1	1985	Previous studies indicated that Ca++ ionophores and phorbol esters in synergy could substitute for the initial activation step of normal T lymphocytes or T cell clones leading to increased expression of receptors for the growth factor interleukin 2 (IL 2) and secretion of interleukins, with the mitogenic signal for T cell proliferation being dependent on the presence of IL 2.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	250-254
2411789-1	1985	Previous studies indicated that Ca++ ionophores and phorbol esters in synergy could substitute for the initial activation step of normal T lymphocytes or T cell clones leading to increased expression of receptors for the growth factor interleukin 2 (IL 2) and secretion of interleukins, with the mitogenic signal for T cell proliferation being dependent on the presence of IL 2.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	373-377
2995837-6	1985	Raising intracellular Ca2+, although ineffective by itself, increases the potency and rate of action of phorbol ester for activating protein kinase C and mediating transferrin receptor phosphorylation and down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	transferrin	Homo sapiens	164-175
2993419-1	1985	I. Synergistic action of phorbol ester and interleukin 2 in the induction of Tac antigen expression and interleukin 2 responsiveness in leukemic B cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	104-117
3861770-3	1985	These events are most likely mediated through the phorbol ester receptor since the ability of various phorbol ester analogs to compete with the ligand [3H]4 beta-phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate for binding to the receptor correlates with the ability the particular analog has to inhibit GPDH induction.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	280-284
2993419-3	1985	We have investigated the role of IL 2 and IL 2 receptors (as defined by monoclonal anti-Tac antibody) in the phorbol ester-induced in vitro maturation of leukemic B cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
2993419-3	1985	We have investigated the role of IL 2 and IL 2 receptors (as defined by monoclonal anti-Tac antibody) in the phorbol ester-induced in vitro maturation of leukemic B cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
2993419-6	1985	When incubated for 3 days with phorbol ester plus recombinant human IL 2 (rIL 2), 12 to 57% of highly purified B cells from four of five tested patients expressed Tac antigen.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	163-174
2993419-7	1985	Both phorbol ester and rIL 2 were required for maximal Tac antigen expression.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	55-66
2993419-8	1985	Functional studies revealed that phorbol ester-activated (but not resting) CLL B cells responded to rIL 2 with [3H]thymidine incorporation and with enhanced secretion of IgM.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-105
2864925-3	1985	The tumor promoting phorbol esters have been reported to stimulate phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and thereby decrease the ability of insulin to induce tyrosine aminotransferase.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	insulin	Homo sapiens	90-97
2413359-3	1985	IL-3 is produced by T lymphocytes or T lymphomas only after stimulation with antigens, mitogens or chemical activators such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	127-141	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	0-4
2864925-3	1985	The tumor promoting phorbol esters have been reported to stimulate phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and thereby decrease the ability of insulin to induce tyrosine aminotransferase.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	90-106
3930891-0	1985	Phorbol ester-inactivation of cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes: restoration of lytic activity by interleukin 2 and induction of interferon production are separable events.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	95-108
4044578-0	1985	Phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of a transmembrane glycoprotein (GP 180) in human blood platelets.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	71-77
3930485-0	1985	Molecular mechanisms of phorbol ester, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and growth factor stimulation of prolactin gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	103-112
3930485-5	1985	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters mimics the nuclear actions of TRH.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
2931452-6	1985	The CALLA+, Ig- cells could be regarded as preplasmacytic since, after having been separated and stimulated with the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13 acetate in vitro, they transformed into plasma cells and synthesized the same heavy and light chains as myeloma cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	4-9
3161562-3	1985	The receptors for IL 2, which were initially absent from the cell surface, were induced on high percentages of the ALL cells after the in vitro exposure to the lectin phytohemagglutinin or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in six patients, suggesting that the cells had become sensitive to IL 2.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
3161729-4	1985	Treatment of cyc- S49 lymphoma cells, which are deficient in Gs/Ns (the stimulatory component) but contain functional Gi/Ni, with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a potent activator of protein kinase C, did not alter stimulation of adenylate cyclase catalytic activity by forskolin, whereas the Gi/Ni-mediated inhibition of the cyclase by the hormone, somatostatin, was impaired in these membranes.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	peptidylprolyl isomerase A, pseudogene 1	Mus musculus	13-16
3839453-0	1985	Specific regulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide biosynthesis by phorbol ester in bovine chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Bos taurus	23-56
3839453-2	1985	We now show that phorbol esters can specifically elevate VIP in cultured chromaffin cells without changing the amount of enkephalin.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Bos taurus	57-60
3839453-3	1985	Peptide histidine isoleucine, a VIP-related peptide, is also expressed concomitantly with VIP after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Bos taurus	32-35
3839453-3	1985	Peptide histidine isoleucine, a VIP-related peptide, is also expressed concomitantly with VIP after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Bos taurus	90-93
3839453-5	1985	The unique ability of phorbol esters to selectively regulate VIP expression indicates the presence of independent mechanisms for controlling the expression of individual neuropeptides in chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Bos taurus	61-64
2413527-6	1985	Furthermore, CyA failed to affect the inhibition of proliferation, observed in a T-cell tumour in response to stimulation, indicating that the cells had received the stimulatory impetus, TCGF release, induced by treatment with a phorbol ester, was only partly sensitive to inhibition by CyA, demonstrating that CyA will interfere with discrete aspects of the stimulation of a T-cell.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	187-191
2991234-0	1985	Differential phosphorylation of multiple sites in protein 4.1 and protein 4.9 by phorbol ester-activated and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1	Homo sapiens	50-61
2994652-0	1985	Angiotensin II and phorbol ester enhance isoproterenol- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced cyclic AMP accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	41-89
2994652-0	1985	Angiotensin II and phorbol ester enhance isoproterenol- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced cyclic AMP accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	91-94
2991244-0	1985	Mechanism of phorbol diester-induced regulation of surface transferrin receptor involves the action of activated protein kinase C and an intact cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	13-28	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	59-79
2991244-1	1985	Phorbol diesters are tumor-promoting agents that cause differentiation of HL60 human leukemic cells and concomitantly regulate surface transferrin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	transferrin	Homo sapiens	135-146
2991244-2	1985	Regulation of transferrin receptors by phorbol diesters involves receptor internalization in association with increased receptor phosphorylation (hyperphosphorylation).	Phorbol Esters	39-55	transferrin	Homo sapiens	14-25
2991244-4	1985	Present studies comparing results obtained with whole cells and those from a cell-free system reconstituted from purified protein kinase C and transferrin receptor components have revealed that the transferrin receptor is phosphorylated by protein kinase C activated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	270-284	transferrin	Homo sapiens	143-154
2991244-4	1985	Present studies comparing results obtained with whole cells and those from a cell-free system reconstituted from purified protein kinase C and transferrin receptor components have revealed that the transferrin receptor is phosphorylated by protein kinase C activated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	270-284	transferrin	Homo sapiens	198-209
2991244-10	1985	These results indicate that the phorbol diester-mediated process of down-regulation of the surface transferrin receptor is associated with phosphorylation of the receptor by activated protein kinase C and requires an intact cytoskeleton to affect receptor internalization.	Phorbol Esters	32-47	transferrin	Homo sapiens	99-110
3876342-1	1985	Treatment of murine peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM) by tumor-promoting phorbol esters (TPA) results in a rapid loss of binding activity to radioactive-labeled colony-stimulating factor ([125I]-CSF-1) on the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	198-203
3860288-0	1985	Induction of a novel nuclear protein (p54) by phorbol esters in mouse erythroleukemia (Friend) cells.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Mus musculus	38-41
3860288-1	1985	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters including 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), specific inhibitors for erythroid differentiation in mouse Friend cells, induce a newly identified nuclear protein with a molecular weight of 54,000 (p54) in Friend cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Mus musculus	235-238
3876342-7	1985	Treatment of PEM with biologically active phorbol esters at 37 degrees C rapidly inhibited the binding activity of [3H]-PDBu on cell surface (down-regulation) and rendered these cells refractory to the TPA-induced [125I]-CSF-1 binding inhibition by the subsequent TPA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	221-226
2861252-0	1985	Phorbol esters mimic alpha-Adrenergic potentiation of serotonin N-acetyltransferase induction in the rat pineal.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	54-83
2861252-2	1985	In some (other) systems tumor-promoting phorbol esters are known to mimic physiologic stimulation and to enhance specifically the activity of protein kinase C. Here it is shown that phorbol esters specifically mimic the potentiating effect of alpha-adrenergic stimulation on SNAT activity in the rat pineal.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	275-279
2861252-2	1985	In some (other) systems tumor-promoting phorbol esters are known to mimic physiologic stimulation and to enhance specifically the activity of protein kinase C. Here it is shown that phorbol esters specifically mimic the potentiating effect of alpha-adrenergic stimulation on SNAT activity in the rat pineal.	Phorbol Esters	182-196	aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	275-279
2991920-4	1985	However, upon exposure to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or phorbol esters (PMA), both of which promote monocytic differentiation of HL60, these cells synthesized and released CI in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	170-172
3875895-3	1985	We report now that the monoclonal antibody 60.3, either as purified IgG or as Fab" fragments, to an antigen common to leukocytes completely inhibited the phorbol ester-induced intercellular adhesion (binding).	Phorbol Esters	154-167	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	78-81
2861859-0	1985	Inhibition of phorbol ester-caused synthesis of mouse epidermal ornithine decarboxylase by retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	64-87
3160693-0	1985	Dual actions of phorbol esters on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations and reconstitution with ionomycin of acute thyrotropin-releasing hormone responses.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	112-141
3161502-1	1985	We have used GH3 cells permeabilized by electric field discharge to examine the effects of Ca2+ and protein kinase C activators (phorbol ester and diacylglycerol) on prolactin (PRL) release.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	166-175
3927905-0	1985	Inhibition of insulin receptor binding by A23187: synergy with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	14-30
3927905-3	1985	It is reversible in 60 min at 37 degrees C. A suboptimal concentration of the ionophore potentiates the inhibitory action of phorbol esters on insulin binding.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	insulin	Homo sapiens	143-150
3890983-7	1985	Exposure of U-937 to phorbol diester (TPA) under conditions that induce features of macrophage differentiation (including the expression of Mo1) results in a significant reduction in Mb1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	21-36	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	183-186
2412841-7	1985	The phorbol ester, TPA, released histamine in a dose-dependent manner and this response was inhibited by SP-A.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
2992824-7	1985	On the other hand, inhibition of the CL response by these antioxidants was independent of their lipophilicity and compared less favorably with their capacities to antagonize phorbol ester-induced ODC activity.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	196-199
3159791-5	1985	We also showed that phorbol esters enhanced CR1-dependent phagocytosis despite the presence of two-thirds fewer receptors present on the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	44-47
3159791-8	1985	Phorbol esters also induced increased detergent insolubility of CR1 with kinetics similar to those of receptor internalization.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	64-67
3158511-0	1985	Phorbol ester provokes insulin-like effects on glucose transport, amino acid uptake, and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in BC3H-1 cultured myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	23-30
3876332-0	1985	Interleukin 2 mRNA induction in human lymphocytes: analysis of the synergistic effect of a phorbol ester and phytohemagglutinin.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-13
2988800-0	1985	Tumor-promoting, phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of cell-surface transferrin receptors in human erythroleukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	transferrin	Homo sapiens	71-82
4006322-1	1985	We report here that the chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), and the mitogenic phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) cause a time- and concentration-dependent, selective, extracellular release of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and lysozyme from freshly isolated, adherent human peripheral blood monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	O-GlcNAcase	Homo sapiens	237-266
4006322-1	1985	We report here that the chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), and the mitogenic phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) cause a time- and concentration-dependent, selective, extracellular release of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and lysozyme from freshly isolated, adherent human peripheral blood monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	271-279
3158511-6	1985	The insulin-like effects in the myocytes appeared to be specific for TPA, the biologically active phorbol diester which activates protein kinase C, as other tested phorbol derivatives were without effect.	Phorbol Esters	98-113	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
3921556-0	1985	Retinoids antagonize the induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity by phorbol esters and phospholipase C in rat tracheal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-61
3859584-0	1985	Inhibition of phorbol ester--induced human epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity by oral compounds: a possible role in human chemoprevention studies.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	53-76
3921556-1	1985	In this study we examined the action of phorbol esters, several phospholipases and retinoids on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in rat tracheal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	113-136
3921556-1	1985	In this study we examined the action of phorbol esters, several phospholipases and retinoids on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in rat tracheal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-141
3921556-5	1985	The ability of several phorbol esters to induce ODC correlates well with the described efficacy with which they bind to the receptor and is in agreement with the concept that phorbol ester receptors are involved in the induction of ODC.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
3921556-5	1985	The ability of several phorbol esters to induce ODC correlates well with the described efficacy with which they bind to the receptor and is in agreement with the concept that phorbol ester receptors are involved in the induction of ODC.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	232-235
4039726-2	1985	The highly increased fibrinolytic activity of HeLa cells, treated with the tumor promoting phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), correlates with equally increased levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen in the conditioned media of these cells and concomitantly increased steady state levels of t-PA-specific mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	183-216
3921610-0	1985	Distinction between antigen receptor and IL 2 receptor triggering events in the activation of alloreactive T cell clones with calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
3858662-4	1985	Furthermore, we demonstrate that phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate; TPA) inhibits the effects of ara-C on heme production, accumulation of globin RNA, and glycophorin expression.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	86-89
2987951-1	1985	The tumor-promoting phorbol diester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) inhibited mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ in platelets by thrombin (also trypsin and 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine).	Phorbol Esters	20-35	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	142-150
2862049-0	1985	Phorbol esters affect pituitary growth hormone (GH) and prolactin release: the interaction with GH releasing factor, somatostatin and bromocriptine.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	32-46
2862049-0	1985	Phorbol esters affect pituitary growth hormone (GH) and prolactin release: the interaction with GH releasing factor, somatostatin and bromocriptine.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	48-50
4039726-2	1985	The highly increased fibrinolytic activity of HeLa cells, treated with the tumor promoting phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), correlates with equally increased levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen in the conditioned media of these cells and concomitantly increased steady state levels of t-PA-specific mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	218-222
2862049-4	1985	Somatostatin reduced by 38% the 4-fold stimulation of GH release induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	54-56
4039726-2	1985	The highly increased fibrinolytic activity of HeLa cells, treated with the tumor promoting phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), correlates with equally increased levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen in the conditioned media of these cells and concomitantly increased steady state levels of t-PA-specific mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	323-327
3158820-6	1985	As phorbol esters have been shown to mimic IL-2 in the regulation of cellular proliferation as well as IFN-gamma production, the activation of PK-C by either phorbol esters or IL-2/receptor interaction seems to have a crucial role in signal transduction elicited by these extracellular messengers.	Phorbol Esters	3-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
3158377-1	1985	Ca2+-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C, and activators of protein kinase C (phosphatidylserine, phorbol esters) stimulate the in vitro phosphorylation of a 47 kdalton phosphoprotein (protein F1) previously shown (Routtenberg, Lovinger and Steward, Behav.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	189-199
2985706-2	1985	The stimulatory effect of rIFN-gamma on HLA-DR antigen expression was suppressed by the addition of the phorbol ester TPA or its analog PDBu to the culture medium.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	26-36
3158820-6	1985	As phorbol esters have been shown to mimic IL-2 in the regulation of cellular proliferation as well as IFN-gamma production, the activation of PK-C by either phorbol esters or IL-2/receptor interaction seems to have a crucial role in signal transduction elicited by these extracellular messengers.	Phorbol Esters	158-172	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
2986126-1	1985	The present study has demonstrated that pretreatment of human platelets with either phorbol ester or 1,2-diacylglycerol inhibits agonist-induced formation of inositol phosphates; this inhibition can be correlated with a decrease in the release of ATP and 5-hydroxytryptamine by thrombin.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	278-286
2982946-8	1985	BCGF enhanced transferrin receptor expression by phorbol ester-activated B cells.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	transferrin	Homo sapiens	14-25
2987867-1	1985	The urokinase type of plasminogen activator (uPA) is subject to regulation by hormones, phorbol esters and oncogenic transformation.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	4-43
2987867-1	1985	The urokinase type of plasminogen activator (uPA) is subject to regulation by hormones, phorbol esters and oncogenic transformation.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	45-48
3156762-0	1985	Enhancement of Ca2+-induced catecholamine release by the phorbol ester TPA in digitonin-permeabilized cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	71-74
3156762-1	1985	The phorbol ester, 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate acetate (TPA), increased the extent of catecholamine release induced by Ca2+, without affecting the basal release response in digitonin-permeabilized chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	56-59
2985401-0	1985	Phorbol ester-induced expression and function of the interleukin 2 receptor in human B lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	53-66
3157191-1	1985	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce ornithine decarboxylase (ODCase) activity and reduce epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding in rat tracheal epithelial 2C5 cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-61
3919102-7	1985	Finally, the sensitivity to phorbol diesters was also increased by treatment with IFN-gamma (ED50 reduced from 35 ng/ml to 4 ng/ml).	Phorbol Esters	28-44	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	82-91
3919102-8	1985	Thus, IFN-gamma could prime macrophages for a substantially amplified response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	6-15
2984676-1	1985	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to potentiate the action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation is associated with phosphorylation of EGF receptors, acute depression of EGF binding, and inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-46	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	75-98
2984676-1	1985	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to potentiate the action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation is associated with phosphorylation of EGF receptors, acute depression of EGF binding, and inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-46	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	100-103
2984676-1	1985	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to potentiate the action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation is associated with phosphorylation of EGF receptors, acute depression of EGF binding, and inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-46	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	165-168
3157191-1	1985	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce ornithine decarboxylase (ODCase) activity and reduce epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding in rat tracheal epithelial 2C5 cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-69
2984676-1	1985	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to potentiate the action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation is associated with phosphorylation of EGF receptors, acute depression of EGF binding, and inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-46	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	165-168
2984676-1	1985	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to potentiate the action of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation is associated with phosphorylation of EGF receptors, acute depression of EGF binding, and inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-46	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	165-168
3157191-1	1985	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce ornithine decarboxylase (ODCase) activity and reduce epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding in rat tracheal epithelial 2C5 cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-114
3157191-1	1985	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters induce ornithine decarboxylase (ODCase) activity and reduce epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding in rat tracheal epithelial 2C5 cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
3919020-0	1985	Differential effects of phorbol ester on phenylephrine and vasopressin-induced Ca2+ mobilization in isolated hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	59-70
3156132-0	1985	Insulin- and phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	ribosomal protein S6	Rattus norvegicus	57-77
3838316-0	1985	Induction of cytoskeletal vimentin and actin gene expression by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester in the human leukemic cell line K562.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	vimentin	Homo sapiens	26-34
3871817-1	1985	We have examined the effect of tumor-promoting phorbol esters such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on the murine B cell leukemia BCL-1 and its in vitro adapted derivative CW.13.20.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	132-137
3871817-2	1985	Phorbol esters, including PMA and phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), were potent inhibitors of BCL-1 IgM secretion induced by either LPS or lymphokines; half-maximal inhibition was obtained with 0.1 nM PMA and 0.8 nm PDBu.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	87-92
3871817-10	1985	Delaying the addition of phorbol ester relative to lymphokine or LPS by 24 hr significantly reduced inhibition of induced IgM secretion from both BCL-1 and CW.13.20 cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	146-151
3156132-1	1985	The relative abilities of insulin and the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) to lead to the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 in vivo were compared in a Reuber H35 hepatoma cell line shown previously to be highly responsive to these agents.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	ribosomal protein S6	Rattus norvegicus	149-169
3872219-2	1985	Presence of a phorbol ester during stimulation eliminated the requirement for specialized accessory cells in the response to cell mitogenic agents such as the lectin concanavalin A or treatment with neuraminidase and galactose oxidase.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	neuraminidase 1	Homo sapiens	199-212
3971047-0	1985	Calmodulin antagonists inhibit and phorbol esters enhance transferrin endocytosis and iron uptake by immature erythroid cells.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
3971047-0	1985	Calmodulin antagonists inhibit and phorbol esters enhance transferrin endocytosis and iron uptake by immature erythroid cells.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	transferrin	Rattus norvegicus	58-69
2983336-10	1985	The interaction between lithium and phorbol esters suggests the involvement of inositide metabolism and protein kinase C in the regulation of ACTH secretion and possibly of other hormones or neurotransmitters.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	142-146
3990681-1	1985	The major excreted protein of transformed mouse fibroblasts, a secreted, mannose 6-phosphate-containing glycoprotein, is induced in nontransformed cells by a variety of transforming agents, by phorbol esters, and by platelet-derived growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	193-207	cathepsin L	Mus musculus	4-26
3155737-6	1985	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulated the protein kinase C-catalyzed phosphorylation of HMG-CoA reductase.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	128-145
3918872-0	1985	Tumor promoter phorbol esters induce unresponsiveness to antigen and expression of interleukin 2 receptor on T cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	83-96
3881194-1	1985	The human promyelocytic leukemia line HL-60 when treated with a phorbol diester (TPA) differentiates into cells (HL60-TPA) that respond to human migration inhibitory factor (MIF).	Phorbol Esters	64-79	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	Homo sapiens	145-172
3881194-1	1985	The human promyelocytic leukemia line HL-60 when treated with a phorbol diester (TPA) differentiates into cells (HL60-TPA) that respond to human migration inhibitory factor (MIF).	Phorbol Esters	64-79	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	Homo sapiens	174-177
3894382-4	1985	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, was used to stimulate secretion of TIMP by human foetal lung fibroblasts and the ionophore monensin was used to demonstrate intracellular accumulation of TIMP in the Golgi apparatus of these cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
3894382-4	1985	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, was used to stimulate secretion of TIMP by human foetal lung fibroblasts and the ionophore monensin was used to demonstrate intracellular accumulation of TIMP in the Golgi apparatus of these cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	211-215
2986534-13	1985	The insulin receptor kinase is also inhibited in intact cells by phorbol esters that mediate serine/threonine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, presumably via the Ca++-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	insulin	Homo sapiens	4-11
3855302-0	1985	Phorbol esters increase calcitonin gene transcription and decrease c-myc mRNA levels in cultured human medullary thyroid carcinoma.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	67-72
3855302-4	1985	We found that the phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate 1) altered the morphology of the TT cells towards that of high-calcitonin-containing cells; 2) enhanced calcitonin secretion 7-fold; 3) increased calcitonin production at the transcriptional level by 2-fold; 4) inhibited cellular proliferation; and 5) decreased, by 80%, the levels of the c-myc gene mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	390-395
4072796-2	1985	Irrespective of the type of secretagogue (cAMP-dependent agonists, calcium-dependent agonists, calcium ionophores, phorbol esters) exocytosis is always accompanied by an enhanced phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	40S ribosomal protein S6	Cavia porcellus	202-222
2986534-13	1985	The insulin receptor kinase is also inhibited in intact cells by phorbol esters that mediate serine/threonine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, presumably via the Ca++-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	4-20
3881183-1	1985	The differentiation into macrophages of the monocytic cell line U-937 or the monomyelocytic cell line HL-60 induced by phorbol esters is accompanied by a rapid induction of the expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	195-215
2981092-6	1985	Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or 4-beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, both biologically active phorbol esters, also induced reduced expression of transferrin receptors, whereas nonesterified phorbol or 4-alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, an inactive phorbol ester, had no effect on transferrin receptor expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	transferrin	Mus musculus	138-149
2580852-4	1985	In this study we show that activators of protein kinase C including phorbol diester, phospholipase C, and the diacylglycerol congener diC8 also increase IL-2 receptor expression.	Phorbol Esters	68-83	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	153-166
2981092-6	1985	Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or 4-beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, both biologically active phorbol esters, also induced reduced expression of transferrin receptors, whereas nonesterified phorbol or 4-alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, an inactive phorbol ester, had no effect on transferrin receptor expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	transferrin	Mus musculus	138-149
3871104-0	1985	Reversal of phorbol ester-mediated reduction of cloned T lymphocyte cytolysis by interleukin 2.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	81-94
4068804-4	1985	Tumor promoting phorbol esters caused a decrease in adhesion and the shedding of fibronectin from the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-92
2409407-2	1985	The data were compared to those from monoclonal antibody studies on phorbol-ester (TPA) induced cells from 10 patients with B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	83-86
6335665-0	1984	Transcriptional modulation of human T-cell growth factor gene by phorbol ester and interleukin 1.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	36-56
6240267-4	1984	In the presence of 1 microM Ca2+, a mixture of phosphatidylserine and diolein (or a potent tumor promoter phorbol ester) was required for optimal cytochrome P-450scc phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	146-165
2579970-5	1985	Compared to those from healthy control individuals, mononuclear cells from the patients showed a markedly depressed ability to produce both interleukin-2 and interferon after stimulation with mitogen and a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	206-219	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	140-153
6443699-4	1984	Phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the IL-2 receptors on HeLa cells did not affect the affinity of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
6439651-0	1984	Induction of IL-2 production, IL-2 receptor expression and proliferation of T3- T-PLL cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
6094340-2	1984	The amount of IFN gamma produced was enhanced in the presence of mezerein, a phorbol ester derivative.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	14-23
6240267-6	1984	These findings, together with the previous demonstration that activators of protein kinase C such as a potent phorbol ester activates steroidogenesis of intact adrenocortical cells, suggest that phosphorylation of P-450scc should be examined for its possible role in the regulation of adrenocortical functions.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	214-222
6092470-11	1984	The ability of the MPO system to compromise lymphocyte NK function may explain the in vitro inhibition of NK activity of mixed cell populations by the tumor promoter phorbol esters, because these agents are potent stimulants for neutrophil secretion of MPO and H2O2.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	19-22
6092470-11	1984	The ability of the MPO system to compromise lymphocyte NK function may explain the in vitro inhibition of NK activity of mixed cell populations by the tumor promoter phorbol esters, because these agents are potent stimulants for neutrophil secretion of MPO and H2O2.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	253-256
6095096-5	1984	Using newly developed pH microelectrodes and fluorimetric techniques, we show that a tumour promoting phorbol ester and synthetic diacylglycerol, both potent activators of kinase C (refs 12-15), mimic the action of mitogens in rapidly elevating pHi in different cell types.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	245-248
6393128-0	1984	Phorbol esters modulate insulin receptor phosphorylation and insulin action in cultured hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	24-40
6393128-9	1984	This report shows that phorbol esters stimulate insulin receptor phosphorylation, inhibit insulin-induced receptor phosphorylation and insulin action, and suggest a physiologic relation between insulin action and the calcium-activated and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	48-64
6611200-2	1984	Our study investigates blastic transformation and surface antigen change on CTCL cells in vitro under the influence of tumor-promoting phorbol ester (TPA) and phytohemagglutinin.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	TSPY like 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
6436246-5	1984	The phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 both bypass the phospholipid methylation and directly stimulate Ca2+ influx and von Willebrand factor release.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	173-194
6432902-3	1984	Although gamma-interferon (IFN gamma) is produced by T cells treated with phorbol esters, IFN gamma is probably not the mediator of enhancement of natural killer cell activity, because anti-IFN gamma antibodies failed to block this enhancement.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	27-36
6091636-0	1984	Phorbol ester-induced threonine phosphorylation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor occurs within the EGF binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	61-93
6091636-0	1984	Phorbol ester-induced threonine phosphorylation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor occurs within the EGF binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	112-115
6091636-1	1984	Partial proteolysis with trypsin has been used to map the sites of phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	112-150
6091624-3	1984	This secretion evoked by thrombin could be totally suppressed by prostaglandin I2 or forskolin, as expected from the known ability of cyclic AMP to inhibit phospholipase C. The secretory response evoked by collagen at basal [Ca2+]i and that evoked by exogenous diacylglycerol or phorbol ester, direct activators of protein kinase-C, were much less affected by these inhibitors, suggesting that thrombin and collagen may promote formation of diacylglycerol by different mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	25-33
6611369-1	1984	An early event in phorbol ester-induced maturation of chronic lymphocytic leukemic (CLL) B cells is a membrane change characterized by the inactivation of a mouse erythrocyte receptor (MER).	Phorbol Esters	18-31	MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	185-188
6611369-5	1984	Binding of [3H]PDBu was inhibited by phorbol ester analogs that stimulated MER-switch, but not by inactive analogs.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	75-78
6611369-6	1984	This, and the similarity in shapes of the binding and rosette inhibition curves over a range of concentrations, suggests that stimulation of MER-switch by phorbol esters is due to this specific binding.	Phorbol Esters	155-169	MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	141-144
6611369-10	1984	Equivalent activities of soluble MER were released from fresh and phorbol ester-treated CLL cells, indicating a rearrangement of MER, rather than a loss.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	33-36
6517531-0	1984	Effects of local anesthetics on phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse and human skin.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	54-77
6149663-0	1984	Effect of phorbol esters on the release of growth hormone and prolactin from rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayer.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	43-57
6149663-0	1984	Effect of phorbol esters on the release of growth hormone and prolactin from rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayer.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	62-71
6149663-2	1984	12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the most potent phorbol ester, stimulated GH accumulation in the cultured medium in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	87-89
6501944-0	1984	Enhancement by phorbol esters of cell growth inhibiting action of interferon.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	66-76
6090210-0	1984	Effect of the phorbol ester TPA on PTH secretion.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	35-38
6609189-0	1984	Phorbol ester increases the level of interleukin 2 mRNA in mitogen-stimulated human lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	37-50
6201264-14	1984	If this mechanism is counteracted by addition of anti-IFN serum, the phorbol esters can provide an alternative activation signal.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
6330200-0	1984	Phorbol diester induces expression of Tac antigen on human acute T lymphocytic leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-15	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	38-49
6733848-10	1984	We conclude that phorbol ester action and RA counteraction on the release of FN takes place on a cell-surface target; that FN which is released into the medium by TPA is derived from pre-existing FN; that RA specifically antagonizes TPA action.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	77-79
6327821-3	1984	IL 2 production occurred only in the presence of a second stimulus, the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
6609264-1	1984	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) was used for the induction of in vitro differentiation in primary cultures of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to study its effects on B-cell antigens [surface IgG, HLA-DR, and the mouse erythrocyte receptor (MR)] and on T-cell antigens [T65 and Lyt-3 (sheep erythrocyte receptor)] found on these cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD8 antigen, beta chain 1	Mus musculus	309-314
6376081-2	1984	In cell culture, insulin interacts synergistically with other hormones and growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), tumor-promoting phorbol esters, and thrombin, to stimulate progression through the cell cycle of cells that have been arrested in G1 by deprivation for serum.	Phorbol Esters	216-230	insulin	Homo sapiens	17-24
6328483-0	1984	Polypeptide hormone regulation of gene transcription: specific 5" genomic sequences are required for epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester regulation of prolactin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	157-166
6328483-3	1984	The intracellular levels of this RNA product were increased 2.5- to 5-fold by exposure of the cells to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 2- to 3-fold by exposure of the cells to a potent phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, apparently due to regulation at the level of gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	103-138
6328486-0	1984	Rapid internalization of the transferrin receptor in K562 cells is triggered by ligand binding or treatment with a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	transferrin	Homo sapiens	29-40
6325428-0	1984	Vinculin phosphorylation in response to calcium and phorbol esters in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	vinculin	Mus musculus	0-8
6325428-1	1984	Vinculin phosphorylation in both chick embryo fibroblasts and Swiss 3T3 cells was increased by either calcium or biologically active phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	vinculin	Gallus gallus	0-8
6325428-3	1984	Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (80 nM), a less potent phorbol ester, resulted in smaller increases in vinculin phosphorylation than phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate at equimolar concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	vinculin	Mus musculus	96-104
6326098-0	1984	Association of phorbol ester-induced hyperphosphorylation and reversible regulation of transferrin membrane receptors in HL60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	transferrin	Homo sapiens	87-98
6230357-10	1984	Since these kinases can be activated independently by phorbol esters or A23187, the results imply that hormones such as vasopressin generate two intracellular messengers, diacylglycerol and Ca2+ ion.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	120-131
6582501-5	1984	The idea of induced reorganization is supported by experiments in which cell shape change, brought about by either exposure to cytochalasin B or growth on matrices of collagen, fibronectin, or laminin, resulted in values in the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching technique similar to those with active phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	310-324	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	177-188
6712665-4	1984	This suggests that the tumor promoting phorbol esters may act in the Leydig cells by suppressing the stimulation of cAMP production in response to hormonal activation and/or by interfering with the hormone-receptor interaction.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1	Mus musculus	198-214
6724225-0	1984	Stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity and DNA synthesis by phorbol esters or bile acids in rat colon.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-38
6230357-7	1984	Phorbol esters increased the phosphorylation state of 3 of the 10 substrates affected by angiotensin II or vasopressin, but did not stimulate Ca2+ fluxes in hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	89-103
6230357-7	1984	Phorbol esters increased the phosphorylation state of 3 of the 10 substrates affected by angiotensin II or vasopressin, but did not stimulate Ca2+ fluxes in hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	107-118
6325215-1	1984	The ability of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to stimulate secretion of immunoreactive ACTH from a clonal strain of mouse pituitary tumor cells (AtT-20/D16-16), was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	118-122
6325215-7	1984	The data suggest that TPA induced secretion in pituitary tumour cells may result from the previously reported ability of the phorbol ester to stimulate the activity of phospholipase A2, and to the subsequent biosynthesis of prostaglandins.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	168-184
6607129-8	1984	The differentiative effect of phorbol esters on TH2.52 closely correlated with their tumor-promoting activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2	Mus musculus	48-51
6319390-0	1984	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 in quiescent Reuber H35 hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	ribosomal protein S6	Rattus norvegicus	64-84
6088899-1	1984	Phorbol esters inhibit cell growth and the binding of transferrin to receptors on K 562, HL 60 and U 937 human leukemic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	transferrin	Homo sapiens	54-65
6088899-4	1984	Other tumor promoting phorbol esters also inhibit 125I-transferrin binding in a dose-dependent manner which parallels their known promoting activity in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	transferrin	Homo sapiens	55-66
6088899-8	1984	On the basis of these findings it is suggested that the inhibition of transferrin binding may represent one of the mechanisms by which phorbol esters affect the growth and the differentiation of hematopoietic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	135-149	transferrin	Homo sapiens	70-81
6416671-1	1983	The synthesis of a unique protein with a molecular weight of 32,000 (p32) in BALB/c 3T3 cells has been shown previously to increase after treatment with potent tumor-promoting phorbol esters (Hiwasa et al., Proc.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	complement component 1, q subcomponent binding protein	Mus musculus	69-72
6416332-3	1983	In addition to previously described properties, including complement receptors, phagocytosis, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), Mac-1 and Mac-3 surface antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies are induced on U937 cells by lymphokine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	257-270	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	147-152
6416332-3	1983	In addition to previously described properties, including complement receptors, phagocytosis, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), Mac-1 and Mac-3 surface antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies are induced on U937 cells by lymphokine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	257-270	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	242-252
6315223-7	1983	The magnitude of vesical ODC induction correlated well with the ability of a series of phorbol esters to promote mouse skin tumor formation (TPA greater than phorbol didecanoate greater than phorbol dibenzoate, and phorbol diacetate or phorbol did not induce bladder ODC activity).	Phorbol Esters	87-101	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	25-28
6141978-3	1983	The specific phorbol ester binding activity of FLC was shown to be phospholipid-dependent, since it was sensitive to treatment of the cells with phospholipase A2 or C and also was inhibited competitively by phospholipid-interacting agents such as antipsychotic or anticalmodulin drugs.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	145-161
6689054-0	1983	Phorbol ester-induced activation of human platelets is associated with protein kinase C phosphorylation of myosin light chains.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	107-113
6605305-5	1983	On the other hand the non-physiological phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), a tumour promotor with potency of inducing differentiation in some leukaemic cell lines, induced changes in both normal thymocytes and in the leukaemic line JM1 were inconsistent with maturation, e.g. a fall in the percentage of OKT3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	coiled-coil domain containing 22	Homo sapiens	254-257
6605749-6	1983	IL-2 production was induced with concanavalin A and phorbol ester and quantitated using the IL-2 dependent cell line HT-2.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
6604573-0	1983	Inhibition of phorbol ester-mediated interleukin-2 production by cellular differentiating agents.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	37-50
6323154-5	1983	Among a variety of phorbol esters tested, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate, a potent tumor promotor, was shown to be the most effective compound in inhibiting 125I-labeled EGF binding to its receptors.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	169-172
6323154-6	1983	Our results indicate that human tumor cells contain varying amounts of membrane-bound receptors for EGF and that phorbol esters interact with these EGF receptor sites.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	148-151
6637507-9	1983	Membrane stabilisers, phospholipase A2 and calmodulin inhibitors were antagonists for phorbol esters in platelet aggregation tests, whilst cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors and free radical scavengers had no inhibitory effects.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	22-38
6312447-0	1983	Phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of receptors for insulin and somatomedin C.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin	Homo sapiens	62-69
6312447-0	1983	Phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of receptors for insulin and somatomedin C.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	74-87
6312447-1	1983	The effect of phorbol esters on the extent of phosphorylation of receptors for insulin and somatomedin C (insulin-like growth factor I) was studied in intact IM-9 cells that were labeled by incubation with H332PO4.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	insulin	Homo sapiens	79-86
6312447-1	1983	The effect of phorbol esters on the extent of phosphorylation of receptors for insulin and somatomedin C (insulin-like growth factor I) was studied in intact IM-9 cells that were labeled by incubation with H332PO4.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	91-104
6831449-8	1983	The ability of the phorbol esters to cause biochemical changes in both sensitive and resistant strains was indicated by the induction of ornithine decarboxylase in each of the three strains after treatment with either croton oil or its active component, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	137-160
6411958-10	1983	IL-3 production was similar to IL-2 production, because optimal levels were found in cultures after combined treatment with phorbol ester and mitogen.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	0-4
6884518-0	1983	The phorbol ester TPA increases the affinity of exocytosis for calcium in "leaky" adrenal medullary cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	18-21
6306017-0	1983	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters inhibit the binding of colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) to murine peritoneal exudate macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	81-86
6306017-3	1983	We studied the effect of tumor-promoting phorbol esters on the binding of 125I-labeled CSF-1 (125I-CSF-1) to murine peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM).	Phorbol Esters	41-55	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	87-92
6306017-3	1983	We studied the effect of tumor-promoting phorbol esters on the binding of 125I-labeled CSF-1 (125I-CSF-1) to murine peritoneal exudate macrophages (PEM).	Phorbol Esters	41-55	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	99-104
6304119-1	1983	The tumor-promoting phorbol diester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was found to act both independently of and synergistically with the mononuclear phagocyte specific colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) to stimulate the formation of macrophage colonies in cultures of mouse bone marrow cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-35	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	206-211
6411958-4	1983	Three related phorbol esters stimulated comparable levels of IL-2 when used in conjunction with Con A.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	61-65
6411958-6	1983	Flow cytometry indicated that TPA and its related phorbol esters cause a perturbation in the cycling of the cell which may be related to increased IL-2 production.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	147-151
6409425-1	1983	Previous studies showed that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and several structurally related tumor-promoting compounds stimulate lymphocytes to produce immune interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 2 (IL-2).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	217-226
6409425-1	1983	Previous studies showed that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and several structurally related tumor-promoting compounds stimulate lymphocytes to produce immune interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 2 (IL-2).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	232-245
6409425-1	1983	Previous studies showed that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and several structurally related tumor-promoting compounds stimulate lymphocytes to produce immune interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 2 (IL-2).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	247-251
6408170-0	1983	Induction of phenotypic differentiation, interleukin 2 production, and PHA responsiveness of "immature" human thymocytes by interleukin 1 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	lamin B receptor	Homo sapiens	71-74
6302698-1	1983	A specific high-affinity phorbol ester binding component has been identified in the cytosol of an EL4 mouse thymoma line by using conditions similar to those for demonstrating activity of a calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	98-101
6302698-4	1983	Consistent with the existence of at least two phorbol ester binding sites in EL4 cells was the observation of curvilinear Scatchard plots for binding to whole homogenates.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	77-80
6828143-3	1983	Previously, we have observed that phorbol ester treatment of EL4 mouse thymoma cells causes a rapid decrease in cytosolic calcium, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (Ca, PL-PK) activity, which is mediated through the specific phorbol ester cell-surface receptors identified on EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	61-64
6601110-1	1983	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), stimulates starch-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages to undergo DNA synthesis in vitro, apparently without the generation of an endogenous macrophage growth factor (MGF).	Phorbol Esters	20-33	kit ligand	Mus musculus	248-251
6831394-4	1983	These data suggest that phorbol ester tumor promoters may induce an early component of a more extensive ODC response, and that a component of serum may act through the same pathway as the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	104-107
6831394-0	1983	The effects of serum and phorbol ester tumor promoter on ornithine decarboxylase activity in Swiss 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	57-80
6828143-3	1983	Previously, we have observed that phorbol ester treatment of EL4 mouse thymoma cells causes a rapid decrease in cytosolic calcium, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (Ca, PL-PK) activity, which is mediated through the specific phorbol ester cell-surface receptors identified on EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1	Mus musculus	174-179
6828143-3	1983	Previously, we have observed that phorbol ester treatment of EL4 mouse thymoma cells causes a rapid decrease in cytosolic calcium, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (Ca, PL-PK) activity, which is mediated through the specific phorbol ester cell-surface receptors identified on EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	281-284
6828143-3	1983	Previously, we have observed that phorbol ester treatment of EL4 mouse thymoma cells causes a rapid decrease in cytosolic calcium, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (Ca, PL-PK) activity, which is mediated through the specific phorbol ester cell-surface receptors identified on EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	61-64
6828143-3	1983	Previously, we have observed that phorbol ester treatment of EL4 mouse thymoma cells causes a rapid decrease in cytosolic calcium, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (Ca, PL-PK) activity, which is mediated through the specific phorbol ester cell-surface receptors identified on EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1	Mus musculus	174-179
6828143-3	1983	Previously, we have observed that phorbol ester treatment of EL4 mouse thymoma cells causes a rapid decrease in cytosolic calcium, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (Ca, PL-PK) activity, which is mediated through the specific phorbol ester cell-surface receptors identified on EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	281-284
6828143-5	1983	These results suggest that the rapid and tight association of Ca, PL-PK activity with the plasma membrane may be an early event in mediating some of the effects of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1	Mus musculus	66-71
6303314-16	1983	Phorbol esters decrease the inhibitory effect of EGF, but not of insulin, on protein breakdown in IMR90 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	49-52
6324938-2	1983	The three phorbol esters inhibited the mitogenic signals of insulin, EGF and prolactin.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	insulin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	60-67
6151562-2	1983	The HDC-inducing activity of other phorbol esters paralleled their tumor-promoting activity.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	histidine decarboxylase	Mus musculus	4-7
6602667-3	1983	A partial reversal of the ability of the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate to reduce EGF binding to the class of high affinity receptors occurred following pre-exposure of cells to FA.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	118-121
6301752-13	1983	Tumor promoters such as phorbol ester effect the binding of EGF to its membrane receptors and its ability to stimulate DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	60-63
6417283-5	1983	In addition to TPA and MZN, four other related phorbol esters caused a stimulation of IFN-gamma and IL-2, with the production of IL-2 paralleling the production of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	86-95
6417283-5	1983	In addition to TPA and MZN, four other related phorbol esters caused a stimulation of IFN-gamma and IL-2, with the production of IL-2 paralleling the production of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	100-104
6417283-5	1983	In addition to TPA and MZN, four other related phorbol esters caused a stimulation of IFN-gamma and IL-2, with the production of IL-2 paralleling the production of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	129-133
6417283-5	1983	In addition to TPA and MZN, four other related phorbol esters caused a stimulation of IFN-gamma and IL-2, with the production of IL-2 paralleling the production of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	164-173
6319830-2	1983	Phorbol ester (TPA) promotes differentiation of human leukaemic lymphoblasts as assessed by changes in phenotypic surface markers and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	134-171
6319830-2	1983	Phorbol ester (TPA) promotes differentiation of human leukaemic lymphoblasts as assessed by changes in phenotypic surface markers and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	173-176
6097582-3	1983	The potentials of various derivatives of phorbol ester, indole alkaloid, and polyacetate for enhancing transformation in 3-methylcholanthrene-initiated cells were, in general, in parallel with their potentials for inhibiting phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate-binding and for inducing early responses such as the reduction of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-binding to cell surface receptors, the increase in glucose uptake and release of arachidonic acid, and the stimulation of DNA synthesis in cells arrested at G0.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	317-340
6097582-3	1983	The potentials of various derivatives of phorbol ester, indole alkaloid, and polyacetate for enhancing transformation in 3-methylcholanthrene-initiated cells were, in general, in parallel with their potentials for inhibiting phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate-binding and for inducing early responses such as the reduction of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-binding to cell surface receptors, the increase in glucose uptake and release of arachidonic acid, and the stimulation of DNA synthesis in cells arrested at G0.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	342-345
6394591-2	1983	1) We have found that tumor-promoting phorbol esters, nonphorbol tumor promoters, and most significantly, mitogenic hormones, such as insulin, vasopressin, and epidermal growth factor (EGF), greatly increase the incidence of methotrexate (MTX) resistance in 3T6 cells under condition of MTX selection.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	185-188
6982736-0	1982	Phorbol-ester-mediated induction and augmentation of mitogenesis and interleukin-2 production in human T-cell lymphoproliferative disease.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	69-82
6848192-0	1983	Effect of polycyclic aromatic compounds and phorbol esters on ornithine decarboxylase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities in mouse liver.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	62-85
6848192-0	1983	Effect of polycyclic aromatic compounds and phorbol esters on ornithine decarboxylase and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activities in mouse liver.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	90-118
6891320-0	1982	Inhibition of insulin receptor binding by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	14-30
6891320-1	1982	Phorbol esters inhibit the binding of insulin to its receptors on U-937 monocyte-like and HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia human cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin	Homo sapiens	38-45
6127158-0	1982	Modulation of peptide binding to specific receptors on rat pituitary cells by tumor-promoting phorbol esters: decreased binding of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and somatostatin as well as epidermal growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	131-160
7142138-0	1982	Decrease in cytosolic calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase activity following phorbol ester treatment of EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	114-117
6960690-0	1982	Exposure to phorbol diester (TPA) in vitro as an aid in the classification of blasts in human myelogenous and lymphoid leukemias: in vitro differentiation, growth patterns, and ultrastructural observations.	Phorbol Esters	12-27	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	29-32
6960690-0	1982	Exposure to phorbol diester (TPA) in vitro as an aid in the classification of blasts in human myelogenous and lymphoid leukemias: in vitro differentiation, growth patterns, and ultrastructural observations.	Phorbol Esters	12-27	activation induced cytidine deaminase	Homo sapiens	49-52
6127158-0	1982	Modulation of peptide binding to specific receptors on rat pituitary cells by tumor-promoting phorbol esters: decreased binding of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and somatostatin as well as epidermal growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	somatostatin	Rattus norvegicus	165-177
6959135-6	1982	Moreover, addition of retinoic acid to the enucleated cells inhibited the phorbol ester-induced release of FN in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	107-109
6959135-7	1982	A series of phorbol ester derivatives showed the same order of activity in causing FN release from the enucleated cells as reported for inducing OrnDcase activity in intact cells or in promoting mouse skin tumors in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	83-85
6959135-0	1982	Retinoids and phorbol esters alter release of fibronectin from enucleated cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	46-57
6959135-7	1982	A series of phorbol ester derivatives showed the same order of activity in causing FN release from the enucleated cells as reported for inducing OrnDcase activity in intact cells or in promoting mouse skin tumors in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	145-153
6959135-8	1982	Similarly, several retinoids were tested for their ability to inhibit the phorbol ester-induced release of FN from enucleated cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	107-109
6959135-9	1982	The efficacy of the retinoids in preventing FN release paralleled their activity in inhibiting phorbol ester-induced OrnDCase activity and skin tumor promotion, as reported in the literature.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	117-125
6959135-10	1982	We conclude that at least one aspect of tumor promotion induced by phorbol esters--the loss of FN--does not require the cell nucleus, and further, that retinoids can inhibit this aspect of tumor promotion without nuclear involvement.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	95-97
6980126-6	1982	Stimulation of the IL2-producing JMN or JHAN variants with PHA, the phorbol diester 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), or both PHA and TPA together, resulted in an apparent increase of IL2 activity in the culture supernatant when assayed by a short-term tritiated thymidine incorporation test.	Phorbol Esters	68-83	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
7153708-0	1982	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate C3b and C3b" receptor-mediated phagocytosis in cultured human monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	41-44
7153708-0	1982	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate C3b and C3b" receptor-mediated phagocytosis in cultured human monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	49-52
7153708-3	1982	Studies of the C3b and C3b" receptors of these monocytes showed that the function of both receptors could be dramatically altered by treating the cells with tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	173-187	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	15-18
7153708-3	1982	Studies of the C3b and C3b" receptors of these monocytes showed that the function of both receptors could be dramatically altered by treating the cells with tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	173-187	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	23-26
7200397-0	1982	Antagonism of concanavalin A capping in phorbol ester-activated lymphocytes by calmodulin inhibitors and certain amino acid esters.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	calmodulin	Bos taurus	79-89
6978177-9	1982	Competition by a series of phorbol esters for [20-3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding in the responding line showed the same order of potency as production of T-cell growth factor and inhibition of proliferation by the analogs.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	159-179
6978177-10	1982	These data support identification of the phorbol ester-binding component in the responding cells as the receptor mediating T-cell growth factor production.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	123-143
6751097-0	1982	Affinity alteration of insulin receptor induced by a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	23-39
6751097-5	1982	Insulin binding is decreased by TPA whether the phorbol ester is added before, after, or simultaneously with 125I-insulin to the cell suspension.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
6751097-7	1982	The phorbol ester has only a small effect on 125I-human growth hormone binding in cultured human lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	56-70
6178691-5	1982	The phorbol ester exerted its helper effects by direct interaction with IFN-gamma-producing Lyt 1-,2+ cells and not through stimulation of production of interleukin 2 by Lyt 1+, 2- cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	72-81
6178691-5	1982	The phorbol ester exerted its helper effects by direct interaction with IFN-gamma-producing Lyt 1-,2+ cells and not through stimulation of production of interleukin 2 by Lyt 1+, 2- cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	92-97
7068980-1	1982	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) causes a dose-dependent induction (up to 300-fold) of ornithine decarboxylase activity in the epidermis of intact mice within 5 hours after the application to the skin of from 1 to 10 nmoles of the ester in 0.2 ml of acetone.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	132-155
6950518-2	1982	It also inhibited increases in ornithine decarboxylase activity associated with the phorbol ester-induced conversion of promyelocytic HL-60 cells to monocyte-like cells and the retinoic acid-induced conversion to granulocyte-like cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	31-54
7068980-5	1982	The ability of retinoic acid and its congeners to inhibit tumor promotion by the phorbol ester correlated with the effect of dose, structure, and time of treatment on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	184-207
6279298-0	1982	Spin-labeled phorbol esters and their interaction with cellular membranes.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	spindlin 1	Mus musculus	0-4
6801122-5	1982	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), has been shown to have IL 1-like effects in other species and is a polyclonal activator of human T and B lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	87-91
6945590-3	1981	Conversely, similar concentrations of tumor-promoting phorbol esters inhibit the formation of colonies (bursts) by early erythroid progenitor cells, even when the culture medium contains saturating amounts of burst-promoting activity and erythropoietin.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	238-252
6978180-1	1982	Our studies on the growth and differentiation of normal and malignant myeloid cells have shown that tumor-promoting, but not nonpromoting, phorbol esters can induce the production of an specifically increase cell susceptibility to the normal myeloid inducers of growth and differentiation, the macrophage- and granulocyte-inducing proteins MGI.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	CMS1A1	Homo sapiens	340-343
7311719-0	1981	The induction of ornithine decarboxylase by tumor promoting phorbol ester analogues in Reuber H35 hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-40
6270169-5	1981	The inhibition of EGF binding by phorbol ester compounds resulted in a decrease in the amount of EGF degraded as compared to control cultures.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
6270169-5	1981	The inhibition of EGF binding by phorbol ester compounds resulted in a decrease in the amount of EGF degraded as compared to control cultures.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
6270169-6	1981	At limiting EGF concentrations, the sparing of EGF degradation resulted in an increase in the amount of EGF remaining in the culture medium after 12 h of incubation and a concomitant increase in the amount of EGF bound to phorbol ester-treated cells at this time as compared to control cultures.	Phorbol Esters	222-235	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
6270169-6	1981	At limiting EGF concentrations, the sparing of EGF degradation resulted in an increase in the amount of EGF remaining in the culture medium after 12 h of incubation and a concomitant increase in the amount of EGF bound to phorbol ester-treated cells at this time as compared to control cultures.	Phorbol Esters	222-235	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
6270169-6	1981	At limiting EGF concentrations, the sparing of EGF degradation resulted in an increase in the amount of EGF remaining in the culture medium after 12 h of incubation and a concomitant increase in the amount of EGF bound to phorbol ester-treated cells at this time as compared to control cultures.	Phorbol Esters	222-235	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
6270169-7	1981	The ability of a phorbol ester compound to alter EGF degradation and to stimulate DNA synthesis synergistically with EGF correlated with the tumor-promoting ability of the compound and occurred only a low EGF concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
6270169-7	1981	The ability of a phorbol ester compound to alter EGF degradation and to stimulate DNA synthesis synergistically with EGF correlated with the tumor-promoting ability of the compound and occurred only a low EGF concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
6270169-7	1981	The ability of a phorbol ester compound to alter EGF degradation and to stimulate DNA synthesis synergistically with EGF correlated with the tumor-promoting ability of the compound and occurred only a low EGF concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
7116571-0	1982	Tumor promoting phorbol-ester derivatives increase ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamine biosynthesis in the liver of the rat and mouse.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-74
7116571-1	1982	The ability of the phorbol-ester tumor promoters to alter ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in the liver of the rat and mouse was determined.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-81
7116571-1	1982	The ability of the phorbol-ester tumor promoters to alter ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in the liver of the rat and mouse was determined.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
7116571-4	1982	This increase in ODC activity required both RNA and protein synthesis and did not occur when a variety of the non-tumor promoting phorbol-ester derivatives were administered to the rat.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
6167986-1	1981	gamma (immune) interferon (IFN-gamma) was induced in cultures of fresh human lymphocytes by combined treatment with a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, TPA) and the T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	27-36
6965103-1	1981	In this study we evaluated the effect of phorbol ester tumor promoters on the kinetics of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) replication in human cells.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	Alzheimer disease, familial, type 5	Homo sapiens	109-112
7251684-3	1981	This model was utilized to determine which cell type in mouse epidermis responds to the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), by an induction of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC).	Phorbol Esters	88-101	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	192-215
6259217-1	1981	It has been suggested that the phorbol ester tumor promoters act via the receptor-effector system for epidermal growth factor (EGF), since they interact with the EGF receptor system and mimic many of the effects of EGF in cultured cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	102-125
6259217-1	1981	It has been suggested that the phorbol ester tumor promoters act via the receptor-effector system for epidermal growth factor (EGF), since they interact with the EGF receptor system and mimic many of the effects of EGF in cultured cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	127-130
6259217-1	1981	It has been suggested that the phorbol ester tumor promoters act via the receptor-effector system for epidermal growth factor (EGF), since they interact with the EGF receptor system and mimic many of the effects of EGF in cultured cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	162-165
6259217-1	1981	It has been suggested that the phorbol ester tumor promoters act via the receptor-effector system for epidermal growth factor (EGF), since they interact with the EGF receptor system and mimic many of the effects of EGF in cultured cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	162-165
6259217-2	1981	We have studied the interaction of phorbol esters with the EGF-responsive MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	59-62
6259217-3	1981	Similar to other systems, phorbol esters inhibit EGF binding in MCF-7 cells in a manner paralleling their potency as tumor promoters in mice.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	49-52
6259217-5	1981	Like EGF, the potent phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA) stimulates protein synthesis as indicated by a twofold increase in [(3)H]leucine incorporation into protein after 24 h in TPA.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	5-8
6259217-11	1981	Other phorbol esters inhibit MCF-7 cells relative to their tumor promoting activity in vivo and their ability to inhibit EGF binding in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	6-20	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	121-124
6259217-15	1981	In conclusion, phorbol esters may interact with the EGF receptor domain in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, but they have distinct effects on cell morphology and growth suggesting alternative pathways of action.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	52-55
7472264-0	1981	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters affect production of prolactin and growth hormone by rat pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
6165014-1	1981	Human gamma (immune) interferon (IFN-gamma) was produced in lymphocyte cultures stimulated with a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) and purified phytohemagglutinin.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	33-42
7194349-1	1981	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters, such as 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), stimulate mouse peritoneal exudate macrophages to undergo DNA synthesis without added macrophage growth factor (MGF).	Phorbol Esters	16-30	kit ligand	Mus musculus	196-199
7194349-4	1981	Thus the phorbol esters appear to mimic the action(s) of MGF and may be useful in understanding the events involved in macrophage and precursor cell growth responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	kit ligand	Mus musculus	57-60
16068160-0	1979	Biologically active phorbol esters specifically alter affinity of epidermal growth factor membrane receptors.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	66-89
6265062-2	1981	The rate of O-.2 production was found to correlate with the tumor-promoting activity of the phorbol esters as opposed to their inflammatory activity.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	12-16
6246490-6	1980	Mellitin and phorbol ester, two activators of phospholipase A2, when preincubated with the cells cause a decreased cyclic AMP response of the cells to l-isoproterenol.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	46-62
7451556-0	1980	Relationship between ornithine decarboxylase-inducing activity and configuration at C-4 in phorbol ester derivatives.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	complement component 4B (Chido blood group)	Mus musculus	84-87
7451556-3	1980	These findings on natural phorbol esters confirm that both the 4 beta-hydrogen and the 4 beta-hydroxyl in phorbol esters are essential for ODC-inducing activity.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	139-142
7451556-3	1980	These findings on natural phorbol esters confirm that both the 4 beta-hydrogen and the 4 beta-hydroxyl in phorbol esters are essential for ODC-inducing activity.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	139-142
6169058-0	1980	Effect of phorbol esters and hormones on rat hepatoma cells producing alpha-fetoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	70-87
225017-1	1979	The effect of different phorbol esters and of mechanical treatment on the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in mouse epidermis in vivo was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	86-109
385512-0	1979	Rapid release of fibronectin from human lung fibroblasts by biologically active phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	17-28
385512-1	1979	A sensitive radioimmunoassay technique has been used to study the effects of several phorbol esters on their ability to release fibronectin from cultured human lung fibroblasts into medium.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	128-139
385512-2	1979	The biologically active phorbol esters studied rapidly released fibronectin from cells into medium, with concomitant changes in the cellular morphology within 2 h. The quantity of fibronectin released was dose-, time- and promoter-dependent.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	64-75
385512-2	1979	The biologically active phorbol esters studied rapidly released fibronectin from cells into medium, with concomitant changes in the cellular morphology within 2 h. The quantity of fibronectin released was dose-, time- and promoter-dependent.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	180-191
385512-4	1979	Alterations in membrane topology elicited by phorbol esters appear to be responsible for the rapid release of fibronectin molecules from cells into the medium.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	110-121
16068160-3	1979	Those phorbol esters which stimulate cell growth in culture and have tumour-promoting activity in vivo alter the EGF-receptor affinity, while the biologically inactive derivatives fail to change the affinity of EGF for its receptors.	Phorbol Esters	6-20	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	113-116
7225106-0	1981	The tumor promoting phorbol diester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) increases glyoxalase I and decreases glyoxalase II activity in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	20-35	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	90-102
7248923-1	1981	Addition of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to a murine epidermal cell line leads to an early induction of the arachidonic acid cascade as measured by the release of [14C]arachidonic acid and [14C]prostaglandin E2 into the medium, to an induction of the ornithine decarboxylase and finally to cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	283-306
7328673-7	1981	The induction of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was used as a marker for responsiveness to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	28-51
7328673-7	1981	The induction of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was used as a marker for responsiveness to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	53-56
7328673-11	1981	After exposure to low concentrations of TPA or to weak promoters of the phorbol ester series, ODC activity is maximal at 3 hr.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	94-97
6154532-3	1980	Inducers of the first class, among which were dimethyl sulfoxide and hexamethylene bisacetamide, stimulated ODC activity and were inhibited by dexamethasone and the phorbol diester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	165-180	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
7238091-12	1980	Exposure of epidermal cells to phorbol-ester tumor promoters induces ornithine decarboxylase (ODC).	Phorbol Esters	31-44	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	69-92
7238091-12	1980	Exposure of epidermal cells to phorbol-ester tumor promoters induces ornithine decarboxylase (ODC).	Phorbol Esters	31-44	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	94-97
7451556-0	1980	Relationship between ornithine decarboxylase-inducing activity and configuration at C-4 in phorbol ester derivatives.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	21-44
537380-0	1979	The possible molecular structure of binding sites for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, 2"-deacyl phospholipids and PGE1 on the molecule of phospholipase A2.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	138-154
288052-7	1979	Mepacrine (quinacrine) and hydrocortisone inhibited and a phorbol ester enhanced both chemotaxis and phospholipase A2 activity.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	phospholipase A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	101-117
307695-0	1978	Epidermal growth factor, like phorbol esters, induces plasminogen activator in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-23
1182705-0	1975	Decrease of epidermal histidase activity by tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	histidine ammonia lyase	Mus musculus	22-31
269443-2	1977	This response appears to be mediated through polyamine metabolism because ornithine decarboxylase (L-ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.17)activity is markedly increased shortly after promoter exposure and this induction varies in magnitude according to dose and promoter potency of a series of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	294-308	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	74-97
827081-0	1976	Diaplacental carcinogenesis: initiation with the carcinogens dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and urethane during fetal life and postnatal promotion with the phorbol ester TPA in a modified 2-stage Berenblum/Mottram experiment.	Phorbol Esters	155-168	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	169-172
827451-2	1976	Application of the phorbol ester TPA to the back skin of NMRI mice 14 times within a period of 7 weeks causes a stationary hyperplasia, with a corresponding increase in the labelling index of the basal cells from 1% to 14%.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	33-36
336799-0	1977	Microwave irradiation: a new rapid technique for separating epidermal tissue from mouse skin preserving RNA, DNA, protein and phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase levels.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	148-171
958393-0	1976	Phorbol esters stimulate DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse epidermal cell cultures.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	43-66
818798-0	1976	Transmaternal variation of the Berenblum experiment with NMRI-mice: tumour initiation with DMBA via mothers milk followed by promotion with the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	158-161
1245555-0	1976	Calcium-dependent stimulation of BALB/c 3T3 mouse cell DNA synthesis by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	90-103	peroneal muscular atrophy	Mus musculus	105-108
33897375-3	2021	Acute activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters facilitates clathrin-dependent internalization of the DAT in a variety of model systems; however, the physiological stimuli and cell-surface receptor systems that activate PKC and regulate the DAT in dopamine neurons remain elusive.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	115-118
33556471-3	2021	We previously identified phorbol ester (PE) compounds such as TPA that induce Protein Kinase delta (PKCdelta), thereby suppressing leukemogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	62-65
33556471-3	2021	We previously identified phorbol ester (PE) compounds such as TPA that induce Protein Kinase delta (PKCdelta), thereby suppressing leukemogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	100-108
33556471-3	2021	We previously identified phorbol ester (PE) compounds such as TPA that induce Protein Kinase delta (PKCdelta), thereby suppressing leukemogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	40-42	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	62-65
33556471-3	2021	We previously identified phorbol ester (PE) compounds such as TPA that induce Protein Kinase delta (PKCdelta), thereby suppressing leukemogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	40-42	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	100-108
33549129-1	2021	BACKGROUND: Casbene synthase (CS) is responsible for the first committed step in the biosynthesis of phorbol esters (PE) in the Euphorbiaceae.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	casbene synthase	Jatropha curcas	12-28
33459343-7	2021	Employing a novel phospho-specific antibody, we found that phorbol ester stimulation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts markedly enhanced phosphorylation of Rab7A at Ser72 via LRRK1.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	RAB7, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	153-158
33459343-7	2021	Employing a novel phospho-specific antibody, we found that phorbol ester stimulation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts markedly enhanced phosphorylation of Rab7A at Ser72 via LRRK1.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	leucine-rich repeat kinase 1	Mus musculus	172-177
33741392-5	2021	AMPK loss resulted in hyper-proliferation and hyperactive mTOR signaling following acute wounding, UVB exposure, and phorbol ester application.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	58-62
33549129-1	2021	BACKGROUND: Casbene synthase (CS) is responsible for the first committed step in the biosynthesis of phorbol esters (PE) in the Euphorbiaceae.	Phorbol Esters	117-119	casbene synthase	Jatropha curcas	12-28
33403031-2	2021	PRKD3 is activated by many stimuli including phorbol esters, and G-protein-coupled receptor agonists.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	protein kinase D3	Homo sapiens	0-5
33502516-3	2021	Due to their historical association as the receptors for the tumour-promoting phorbol esters, PKC isozymes were initially targeted as oncogenes in cancer.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	94-97
32750368-0	2020	Effects of agonists and phorbol esters on alpha1A-adrenergic receptor-Rab protein interactions.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	adrenoceptor alpha 1A	Homo sapiens	42-69
33017725-1	2020	Classical and novel protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes (c/nPKCs), members of the PKC family that become activated by the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters, exert a myriad of cellular effects that impact proliferative and motile cellular responses.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	38-41
33017725-1	2020	Classical and novel protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes (c/nPKCs), members of the PKC family that become activated by the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters, exert a myriad of cellular effects that impact proliferative and motile cellular responses.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	56-59
32750368-0	2020	Effects of agonists and phorbol esters on alpha1A-adrenergic receptor-Rab protein interactions.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	ArfGAP with FG repeats 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
32750368-7	2020	The agonists and the active phorbol ester, all of which induce receptor phosphorylation and internalization, favor receptor interaction with Rab5, i.e., association with early endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	141-145
32052226-7	2020	Pharmacological activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester, which mediates the phosphorylation of GluA2 at Ser-880, augmented bicuculline-induced ubiquitination of GluA2 in cultured neurons.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
32052226-7	2020	Pharmacological activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester, which mediates the phosphorylation of GluA2 at Ser-880, augmented bicuculline-induced ubiquitination of GluA2 in cultured neurons.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Homo sapiens	175-180
32052226-8	2020	This effect was specific for the GluA2 subunit because phorbol ester did not alter the level of GluA1 ubiquitination.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
32052226-9	2020	However, phorbol ester-induced enhancement of GluA2 ubiquitination did not require Ser-880 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Homo sapiens	46-51
32571938-8	2020	In cells from infected individuals, inhibition of HSF1 attenuated latency reversal by phorbol ester+ionomycin but not by anti-CD3+anti-CD28.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	heat shock transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
32751549-6	2020	Treatments with a phorbol ester promoted MHC-II endocytosis, whereas inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) suppressed crosslinking-induced endocytosis of MHC-II.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	histocompatibility-2, MHC	Mus musculus	41-47
32929342-0	2020	Phorbol ester activates human mesenchymal stem cells to inhibit B cells and ameliorate lupus symptoms in MRL.Fas lpr mice.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	113-116
32339486-1	2020	Homo sapiens orphan G protein-coupling receptor PEIG-1 was first cloned and characterized by applying differential display to T84 colonic carcinoma cells incubated in the presence of phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (GenBank AF506289.1).	Phorbol Esters	183-196	G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A	Homo sapiens	48-54
32719792-1	2020	The response of the human acute myeloid leukemia cell line THP-1 to phorbol esters has been widely studied to test candidate leukemia therapies and as a model of cell cycle arrest and monocyte-macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
32171817-6	2020	Activating PKCalpha with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester binds and activates PKCalpha) promoted SCs proliferation and migration.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	11-19
32171817-6	2020	Activating PKCalpha with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester binds and activates PKCalpha) promoted SCs proliferation and migration.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	100-108
32184287-3	2020	Here, we found by mass spectrometry that PTPN22 was phosphorylated at Ser751 by PKCalpha in Jurkat and primary human T cells activated with phorbol ester/ionomycin or antibodies against CD3/CD28.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22	Homo sapiens	41-47
32184287-3	2020	Here, we found by mass spectrometry that PTPN22 was phosphorylated at Ser751 by PKCalpha in Jurkat and primary human T cells activated with phorbol ester/ionomycin or antibodies against CD3/CD28.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	80-88
31634687-4	2020	H295R cells stimulated with either interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or phorbol ester also showed elevated IL-8 mRNA levels and higher IL-8 promoter activities.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	102-106
32042057-6	2020	We studied GLS2 expression after induction of differentiation with phorbol ester (PMA) and transduction with the full-length cDNA of GLS2.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	glutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	11-15
31634687-4	2020	H295R cells stimulated with either interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or phorbol ester also showed elevated IL-8 mRNA levels and higher IL-8 promoter activities.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	130-134
31634687-7	2020	Upregulation of IL-8 expression in IL-1beta-treated H295R cells required NF-kappaB while the phorbol ester TPA used both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB sites of the IL-8 gene to stimulate IL-8 expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-110	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	125-129
31634687-7	2020	Upregulation of IL-8 expression in IL-1beta-treated H295R cells required NF-kappaB while the phorbol ester TPA used both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB sites of the IL-8 gene to stimulate IL-8 expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-110	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	157-161
31634687-7	2020	Upregulation of IL-8 expression in IL-1beta-treated H295R cells required NF-kappaB while the phorbol ester TPA used both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB sites of the IL-8 gene to stimulate IL-8 expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-110	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	157-161
31853295-2	2020	Following the induction of THP-1 cell differentiation into macrophages by phorbol ester (100 ng/ml) treatment, an in vitro inflammatory model of RA was established by treating the THP-1 macrophages with 1 microg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Phorbol Esters	74-87	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	27-32
31988461-4	2020	Testing activators of lysosomal function showed that specific phorbol esters, such as PEP005, reduced alpha-synuclein and phosphorylated protein kinase Calpha levels while increasing LAMP1 abundance.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	102-117
31988461-4	2020	Testing activators of lysosomal function showed that specific phorbol esters, such as PEP005, reduced alpha-synuclein and phosphorylated protein kinase Calpha levels while increasing LAMP1 abundance.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	137-158
31988461-4	2020	Testing activators of lysosomal function showed that specific phorbol esters, such as PEP005, reduced alpha-synuclein and phosphorylated protein kinase Calpha levels while increasing LAMP1 abundance.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	lysosomal associated membrane protein 1	Homo sapiens	183-188
31634457-4	2019	Here, we show that in response to stimulation of the Gq-coupled angiotensin II type 1 receptor or treatment with phorbol ester, Mdm2, E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with PKCbetaII isotype in the nucleus, resulting in ubiquitination of PKCbetaII at the C-terminal K668 and K672 residues and its subsequent downregulation.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	MDM2 proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	128-132
31023186-5	2019	In addition, phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate), previously reported as activating the expression of PGRN, was applied to the system.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	115-119
31634457-4	2019	Here, we show that in response to stimulation of the Gq-coupled angiotensin II type 1 receptor or treatment with phorbol ester, Mdm2, E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with PKCbetaII isotype in the nucleus, resulting in ubiquitination of PKCbetaII at the C-terminal K668 and K672 residues and its subsequent downregulation.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	Cbl proto-oncogene like 2	Homo sapiens	134-153
31243993-6	2019	Furthermore, confocal microscopy and immunoblot analysis demonstrated that in intact HT22 cells bryostatin 1 mimics the actions of phorbol esters, a previously established class of Munc13-1 activators, and induces plasma membrane translocation of Munc13-1, a hallmark of its activation.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	181-189
31575304-0	2019	Inhibitory effects of 4-hydroperoxy-2-decenoic acid ethyl ester on phorbol ester- and TGF-beta1-induced MMPs expression.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	104-108
32648650-6	2019	Results indicate beta-catenin translocalization and activation of TCF/LEF responsive transcription in response to MNP and magnetic fields, which result in dopaminergic marker expression when synergistically combined with differentiation factors retinoic acid and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	267-280	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	17-29
32648650-6	2019	Results indicate beta-catenin translocalization and activation of TCF/LEF responsive transcription in response to MNP and magnetic fields, which result in dopaminergic marker expression when synergistically combined with differentiation factors retinoic acid and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	267-280	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	66-73
31255707-5	2019	PKCalpha-dependent retinal phosphoproteins were identified using a phosphoproteomics approach to compare total protein and phosphopeptide abundance between phorbol ester-treated wild type and PKCalpha knockout (PKCalpha-KO) mouse retinas.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	0-8
31649511-6	2019	Interestingly, TREM2 appears to antagonize NFkappaB activation induced by phorbol ester but is unable to prevent TNFalpha induction of NFkappaB activation suggesting that TREM2 antagonizes inflammatory events triggered downstream of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2	Homo sapiens	15-20
31649511-6	2019	Interestingly, TREM2 appears to antagonize NFkappaB activation induced by phorbol ester but is unable to prevent TNFalpha induction of NFkappaB activation suggesting that TREM2 antagonizes inflammatory events triggered downstream of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	43-51
31311871-8	2019	Strikingly, the fluorescent reporter lipids initially produced at the plasma membrane (PM) induced by phorbol ester stimulation of PLD were rapidly internalized via apparent nonvesicular pathways rather than endocytosis, suggesting applications of this activity-based imaging toolset for probing mechanisms of intracellular phospholipid transport.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	131-134
30921339-7	2019	Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, up-regulated FGF23 production.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
31160656-7	2019	Phorbol esters induce recruitment of overexpressed Fbxo41 to centrioles and cilia disassembly in neurons, but disassembly can also occur in absence of Fbxo41.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	F-box protein 41	Homo sapiens	51-57
30393952-2	2019	PKC is also a receptor for the tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but it was not identified by its property of binding phorbol esters, either.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
31235786-3	2019	TRPV4 can be activated by various physical and chemical stimuli, such as heat, mechanical force, and phorbol ester derivatives participating in the maintenance of normal cellular functions.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
30849519-4	2019	Here we show that protein kinase C agonist, phorbol esters (PMA), reduces TTF1 protein levels in time- and dose-dependent manners, without altering TTF1 mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	transcription termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
30936203-4	2019	Our results demonstrate that direct activation of PKC via the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) mimics CXCL12-mediated desensitization, internalization, ubiquitination, and lysosomal trafficking of CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	50-53
30936203-4	2019	Our results demonstrate that direct activation of PKC via the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) mimics CXCL12-mediated desensitization, internalization, ubiquitination, and lysosomal trafficking of CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	121-127
30936203-4	2019	Our results demonstrate that direct activation of PKC via the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) mimics CXCL12-mediated desensitization, internalization, ubiquitination, and lysosomal trafficking of CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	216-221
30988374-1	2019	Despite our extensive knowledge on the biology of protein kinase C (PKC) and its involvement in disease, limited success has been attained in the generation of PKC isozyme-specific modulators acting via the C1 domain, the binding site for the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) and the phorbol ester tumor promoters.	Phorbol Esters	295-308	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	160-163
30921339-7	2019	Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, up-regulated FGF23 production.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibroblast growth factor 23	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
30764849-0	2019	SHP1 and SHP2 inhibition enhances the pro-differentiative effect of phorbol esters: an alternative approach against acute myeloid leukemia.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6	Mus musculus	0-4
30764849-0	2019	SHP1 and SHP2 inhibition enhances the pro-differentiative effect of phorbol esters: an alternative approach against acute myeloid leukemia.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11	Mus musculus	9-13
30764849-3	2019	Here, the involvement of the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP1 and SHP2 on leukemic cells differentiation is shown, along with the therapeutic possibilities of their targeting to enhance the differentiation induction effect of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	228-242	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6	Mus musculus	59-63
30764849-3	2019	Here, the involvement of the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP1 and SHP2 on leukemic cells differentiation is shown, along with the therapeutic possibilities of their targeting to enhance the differentiation induction effect of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	228-242	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11	Mus musculus	68-72
31582653-7	2019	We demonstrated that KPMFs inhibited the phorbol ester-induced MMP-9 activity and the mRNA expression through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation in human lens epithelial cells; 5,7-dimethoxyflavone was found to exert the most potent inhibition, but 3,5,7,4"-tetramethoxyflavone and 3,5,7,3",4"-pentamethoxyflavone also resulted in considerable inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	63-68
30394679-0	2019	Phorbol esters induce PLVAP expression via VEGF and additional secreted molecules in MEK1-dependent and p38, JNK and PI3K/Akt-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	plasmalemma vesicle associated protein	Homo sapiens	22-27
30394679-0	2019	Phorbol esters induce PLVAP expression via VEGF and additional secreted molecules in MEK1-dependent and p38, JNK and PI3K/Akt-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	43-47
30394679-0	2019	Phorbol esters induce PLVAP expression via VEGF and additional secreted molecules in MEK1-dependent and p38, JNK and PI3K/Akt-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
30394679-0	2019	Phorbol esters induce PLVAP expression via VEGF and additional secreted molecules in MEK1-dependent and p38, JNK and PI3K/Akt-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	104-107
30394679-0	2019	Phorbol esters induce PLVAP expression via VEGF and additional secreted molecules in MEK1-dependent and p38, JNK and PI3K/Akt-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	109-112
30394679-0	2019	Phorbol esters induce PLVAP expression via VEGF and additional secreted molecules in MEK1-dependent and p38, JNK and PI3K/Akt-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
30394679-4	2019	Phorbol esters (PMA) are known to induce de novo PLVAP expression and diaphragm formation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	plasmalemma vesicle associated protein	Homo sapiens	49-54
30219386-4	2018	The FcRaf shared most characteristic of Raf protein, such as the Raf-like Ras-binding domain (RBD), phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain), and catalytic domain of the serine/threonine kinases, Raf (STKc_Raf).	Phorbol Esters	100-114	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	6-9
30366961-0	2018	S1P1 receptor phosphorylation, internalization, and interaction with Rab proteins: effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate, FTY720-P, phorbol esters, and paroxetine.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
30366961-6	2018	S1P1 receptor-Rab9 interaction was mainly increased by the phorbol ester, whereas S1P1 receptor-Rab7 interaction was only increased by FTYp and after a 30-min incubation.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
30261270-5	2019	Scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry analysis of FITC-dextran internalization demonstrated the functional role of PKCdelta in phorbol ester- and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced macropinocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	125-133
30261270-6	2019	Western blot analysis demonstrated that phorbol ester and HGF stimulate activation of slingshot phosphatase homolog 1 (SSH1) and induce cofilin Ser-3 dephosphorylation via PKCdelta in macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	slingshot protein phosphatase 1	Mus musculus	86-117
30261270-6	2019	Western blot analysis demonstrated that phorbol ester and HGF stimulate activation of slingshot phosphatase homolog 1 (SSH1) and induce cofilin Ser-3 dephosphorylation via PKCdelta in macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	slingshot protein phosphatase 1	Mus musculus	119-123
30261270-6	2019	Western blot analysis demonstrated that phorbol ester and HGF stimulate activation of slingshot phosphatase homolog 1 (SSH1) and induce cofilin Ser-3 dephosphorylation via PKCdelta in macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	172-180
30321531-0	2018	A new chalcone derivative, 3-phenyl-1-(2,4,6-tris(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)prop-2-yn-1-one), inhibits phorbol ester-induced metastatic activity of colorectal cancer cells through upregulation of heme oxygenase-1.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	192-208
30348839-0	2019	A Tumor-Promoting Phorbol Ester Causes a Large Increase in APOBEC3A Expression and a Moderate Increase in APOBEC3B Expression in a Normal Human Keratinocyte Cell Line without Increasing Genomic Uracils.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3A	Homo sapiens	59-67
30348839-0	2019	A Tumor-Promoting Phorbol Ester Causes a Large Increase in APOBEC3A Expression and a Moderate Increase in APOBEC3B Expression in a Normal Human Keratinocyte Cell Line without Increasing Genomic Uracils.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B	Homo sapiens	106-114
30372888-3	2018	First, we use phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester, to induce THP-1 cells into macrophages as macrophages model.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
30138694-2	2018	Phorbol esters and other PKC activators have been demonstrated to enhance the secretion of soluble APPalpha (sAPPalpha), reduce the levels of beta-amyloid (Abeta), induce synaptogenesis, and promote neuroprotection.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	156-161
30626470-2	2018	Methods THP-1 macrophages were induced from THP-1 cells treated by 100 ng/mL phorbol ester (PMA), and then identified by morphological observation and DiI-oxLDL uptake assay.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	8-13
30626470-2	2018	Methods THP-1 macrophages were induced from THP-1 cells treated by 100 ng/mL phorbol ester (PMA), and then identified by morphological observation and DiI-oxLDL uptake assay.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
30012863-4	2018	Comparison of mRNA and protein levels revealed that eIF4G1 or RACK1 depletion blocked phorbol ester-induced Cox-2 or p21Cip1 expression mostly at the translational level, whereas PKCbeta inhibition reduced them both at the translational and transcript levels.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1	Homo sapiens	52-58
30012863-4	2018	Comparison of mRNA and protein levels revealed that eIF4G1 or RACK1 depletion blocked phorbol ester-induced Cox-2 or p21Cip1 expression mostly at the translational level, whereas PKCbeta inhibition reduced them both at the translational and transcript levels.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
30012863-4	2018	Comparison of mRNA and protein levels revealed that eIF4G1 or RACK1 depletion blocked phorbol ester-induced Cox-2 or p21Cip1 expression mostly at the translational level, whereas PKCbeta inhibition reduced them both at the translational and transcript levels.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	108-113
30012863-4	2018	Comparison of mRNA and protein levels revealed that eIF4G1 or RACK1 depletion blocked phorbol ester-induced Cox-2 or p21Cip1 expression mostly at the translational level, whereas PKCbeta inhibition reduced them both at the translational and transcript levels.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	117-124
30012863-4	2018	Comparison of mRNA and protein levels revealed that eIF4G1 or RACK1 depletion blocked phorbol ester-induced Cox-2 or p21Cip1 expression mostly at the translational level, whereas PKCbeta inhibition reduced them both at the translational and transcript levels.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	179-186
30012864-2	2018	RACK1:PKCbetaII activation drives a phorbol ester-induced surge of global protein synthesis and template-specific translation induction of PKC-Raf-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
30012864-2	2018	RACK1:PKCbetaII activation drives a phorbol ester-induced surge of global protein synthesis and template-specific translation induction of PKC-Raf-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	190-196
30150984-3	2018	NOX2 activation is triggered by protein kinase C agonists (e.g., phorbol esters, transition metal ions), redox mediators (e.g., paraquat) or formyl peptide receptor (FPR) agonists (e.g., aromatic hydrazine derivatives).	Phorbol Esters	65-79	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	0-4
30088539-12	2018	Phorbol ester, an activator of NF-kappaB, attenuated the effects of BAI on LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expressions in RPTECs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	31-40
29880492-5	2018	Generation of these C-terminal domain NRP1 proteins is upregulated by phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore, and reduced by pharmacological inhibition of metalloproteinases, by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of 2 members of ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family, ADAMs 9 and 10, and by a specific ADAM10 inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	neuropilin 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
29414441-2	2018	PKCdelta is expressed ubiquitously in all known cell types, and can be activated by diacylglycerol, phorbol esters and other kinases.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-8
29513138-3	2018	PKC shot into the limelight following the discovery in the 1980s that the diacylglycerol-sensitive isozymes are "receptors" for the potent tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	155-169	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
30021163-1	2018	Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes are commonly recognized as oncoproteins based on their activation by tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
29317197-0	2018	Structural determinants of phorbol ester binding activity of the C1a and C1b domains of protein kinase C theta.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
29475064-3	2018	We found that UDCA-18:1LPE was capable of inhibiting the migration of phorbol ester-differentiated human THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	105-110
29632528-6	2018	Pharmacological blockade of classical and novel PKC isoforms using calphostin C abolished both phorbol ester- and hepatocyte growth factor-induced antigen macropinocytosis in DCs.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	48-51
28208012-4	2018	Hypothermia significantly inhibited the fluoride-induced increase in pMYPT1 level and phorbol ester-induced increase in pERK1/2 level, suggesting inhibition of Rho-kinase and MEK activity and subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 and ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	121-127
29581896-3	2018	By phorbol ester/calcium ionophore stimulation, for example, a real-time complex formation of ectopic IkappaBalpha/ERK/WWOX occurs as measured by FRET microscopy, indicative of an ongoing functional signaling.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	102-114
29581896-3	2018	By phorbol ester/calcium ionophore stimulation, for example, a real-time complex formation of ectopic IkappaBalpha/ERK/WWOX occurs as measured by FRET microscopy, indicative of an ongoing functional signaling.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
29581896-3	2018	By phorbol ester/calcium ionophore stimulation, for example, a real-time complex formation of ectopic IkappaBalpha/ERK/WWOX occurs as measured by FRET microscopy, indicative of an ongoing functional signaling.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	WW domain containing oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	119-123
29545927-5	2018	Here, we identified Ser1093 and Ser1163 in the C-terminal region of CdGAP, which are phosphorylated by RSK in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	Rho GTPase activating protein 31	Homo sapiens	68-73
28771803-0	2018	A20 restores phorbol ester-induced differentiation of THP-1 cells in the absence of nuclear factor-kappaB activation.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	TNF alpha induced protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
28476658-2	2018	This stems in large part from the discovery in the early 1980s that PKC is directly activated by tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
28571764-3	2018	Members of one subgroup of AGC kinases, the protein kinase C (PKC), have been singled out as critical players in carcinogenesis, following their identification as the intracellular receptors of phorbol esters, which exhibit tumor-promoting activities.	Phorbol Esters	194-208	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	44-60
28571764-3	2018	Members of one subgroup of AGC kinases, the protein kinase C (PKC), have been singled out as critical players in carcinogenesis, following their identification as the intracellular receptors of phorbol esters, which exhibit tumor-promoting activities.	Phorbol Esters	194-208	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
29259300-2	2018	PKD2 is activated by many stimuli including growth factors, phorbol esters, and G-protein-coupled receptor agonists.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	0-4
29244485-7	2018	Phorbol ester affinity was higher for Munc13-1 than the C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	38-46
29309788-0	2018	Involvement of LPA receptor-5 in the enhancement of cell motile activity by phorbol ester and anticancer drug treatments in melanoma A375 cells.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5	Homo sapiens	15-29
29309788-10	2018	These results suggest that the cell motile activity is regulated through the induction of LPA5 by phorbol ester and anticancer drug treatments in A375 cells.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5	Homo sapiens	90-94
29370073-3	2018	Studies with vitamin D3 plus phorbol ester transformed THP-1 macrophages demonstrated that functionalization, regardless of amount, corresponded with profoundly decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	171-176
29545927-5	2018	Here, we identified Ser1093 and Ser1163 in the C-terminal region of CdGAP, which are phosphorylated by RSK in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A2	Homo sapiens	103-106
29930990-5	2018	Methods: A high-throughput screen using the phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 macrophage-like human cell line was used to quantify phagocytosis of a diverse group of 35 different human clinical isolates of GBS representing a wide variety of capsular serotypes.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	73-78
29959857-0	2018	Sp1 mediates phorbol ester (PMA)-induced expression of membrane-bound guanylyl cyclase GC-A in human monocytic THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	grancalcin	Homo sapiens	87-91
29959857-6	2018	In this report we show that phorbol ester (PMA) induces transcription of a gene encoding GC-A in human monocytic THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	grancalcin	Homo sapiens	89-93
29287084-2	2017	While attempting to generate megakaryoblastic cell lines exogenously expressing cytochrome c variants, we discovered that endogenous cytochrome c expression increased both upon induction of differentiation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and as cell density increased.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	133-145
29178989-5	2018	Phorbol ester-mediated NET formation was marginally stimulated by FSAP.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	hyaluronan binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	66-70
28888989-6	2017	Mass spectrometric analysis of immunopurified alpha1A-adrenergic receptors from cells treated with adrenergic agonists and the phorbol ester clearly showed that phosphorylated residues were present both at the third intracellular loop and at the carboxyl tail.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A	Homo sapiens	46-53
28912101-2	2017	RasGRP1 possesses REM (Ras exchange), GEF (catalytic), EF-hand, C1, SuPT (suppressor of PT), and PT (plasma membrane-targeting) domains, among which the C1 domain drives membrane localization in response to diacylglycerol or phorbol ester and the PT domain recognizes phosphoinositides.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
28927664-3	2017	A structural feature of Vav1/2/3 is the presence of an atypical C1 domain, which possesses close structural homology to the typical C1 domains of protein kinase C but which fails to bind the second messenger diacylglycerol or the potent analogs, the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	250-264	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-32
28912101-4	2017	The objective of this study was to explore the role of the different domains of RasGRP3 in membrane translocation in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	80-87
28927664-4	2017	Previously, we have shown that five residues in the Vav1 C1 domain are responsible for its lack of phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
28927664-5	2017	Here, we show that the lack of phorbol ester binding of Vav3 has a similar basis.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	56-60
28927664-6	2017	We then explore the consequences of phorbol ester binding to a modified Vav3 in which the C1 domain has been altered to allow phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	72-76
28927664-7	2017	We find both disruption of the guanyl nucleotide exchange activity of the modified Vav 3 as well as a shift in localization to the membrane upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	Homo sapiens	83-88
28847736-6	2017	We demonstrated that, in this engineered cell line, the IL-2 secretion pathway remained intact and luciferase activity significantly increased upon stimulation with phorbol ester or CD3/CD28 antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	56-60
28513986-13	2017	The mechanism of action of phorbol esters may involve downregulation of PKCdelta, activation of PKD1 and a general switch from fatty acid to glucose metabolism.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	72-80
28513986-13	2017	The mechanism of action of phorbol esters may involve downregulation of PKCdelta, activation of PKD1 and a general switch from fatty acid to glucose metabolism.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	96-100
28513986-3	2017	Deactivation of the Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) by FFA contributes to glucose transport impairment, and could be corrected by chronic treatment with the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	20-41
28513986-3	2017	Deactivation of the Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) by FFA contributes to glucose transport impairment, and could be corrected by chronic treatment with the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
28789420-0	2017	KLF5 promotes apoptosis induced by phorbol ester as an effector of the autocrine factor TNFalpha in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	Kruppel like factor 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
28989085-8	2017	And FA relaxed both fluoride and phorbol ester which were PKC, ERK and Rho-kinase activators induced contraction in aortic rings with or without Ca2+ in krebs solution.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
28713022-0	2017	Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced membrane translocation of presynaptic Munc13-1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	81-89
28713022-6	2017	RESULTS: Resveratrol, but not the derivatives inhibited phorbol ester-induced Munc13-1 translocation from cytosol to membrane in HT22 cells and primary hippocampal neurons, as evidenced by immunoblot analysis and confocal microscopy.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	78-86
28713022-8	2017	Binding studies with Munc13-1 C1 indicated that resveratrol competes with phorbol ester for the binding site.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	21-29
28481056-2	2017	The conventional (alpha, beta, gamma) and novel (delta, e, eta, theta) classes are targets of phorbol ester tumor promoters, which are surrogates of endogenous second messenger, diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	26-29
28789420-0	2017	KLF5 promotes apoptosis induced by phorbol ester as an effector of the autocrine factor TNFalpha in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	88-96
28651627-8	2017	Activation of protein kinase C enzymes by phorbol ester leads to phenotypic differentiation of the cells, and this is accompanied by the induction of SERCA3 expression.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 3	Homo sapiens	150-156
28468878-9	2017	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester or histone deacetylase inhibitors triggered the expression of many viral genes, including U39, U90, and U100, without the production of infectious virus, suggesting that the tested stimuli were not sufficient to trigger full reactivation.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	small Cajal body-specific RNA 14	Homo sapiens	142-146
28468878-9	2017	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester or histone deacetylase inhibitors triggered the expression of many viral genes, including U39, U90, and U100, without the production of infectious virus, suggesting that the tested stimuli were not sufficient to trigger full reactivation.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 55	Homo sapiens	128-131
28468878-9	2017	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester or histone deacetylase inhibitors triggered the expression of many viral genes, including U39, U90, and U100, without the production of infectious virus, suggesting that the tested stimuli were not sufficient to trigger full reactivation.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	small Cajal body-specific RNA 7	Homo sapiens	133-136
28947961-0	2017	Phorbol esters dPPA/dPA promote furin expression involving transcription factor CEBPbeta in neuronal cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme	Homo sapiens	32-37
28947961-0	2017	Phorbol esters dPPA/dPA promote furin expression involving transcription factor CEBPbeta in neuronal cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta	Homo sapiens	80-88
28947961-1	2017	Using high-throughput small molecule screening targeting furin gene, we identified that phorbol esters dPPA (12-Deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate 20-acetate) and dPA (12-Deoxyphorbol 13-acetate) significantly increased furin protein and mRNA expression in SH-SY5Y cells.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme	Homo sapiens	57-62
28947961-1	2017	Using high-throughput small molecule screening targeting furin gene, we identified that phorbol esters dPPA (12-Deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate 20-acetate) and dPA (12-Deoxyphorbol 13-acetate) significantly increased furin protein and mRNA expression in SH-SY5Y cells.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme	Homo sapiens	215-220
27488058-2	2017	Although instigators of macropinocytosis, such as growth factors and phorbol esters, stimulate NADPH oxidase (Nox) activation and signal transduction mediators upstream of Nox assembly, including Rac1 and protein kinase C (PKC), are involved in macropinocytosis, the role of Nox enzymes in macropinocytosis has never been investigated.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	196-200
27488058-5	2017	Mechanistically, we found that pharmacological blockade of PKC, transcriptional knockdown of Nox2, and scavenging of intracellular superoxide anion abolished phorbol ester-induced macropinocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	93-97
28283201-1	2017	The discovery in the 1980s that protein kinase C (PKC) is a receptor for the tumor-promoting phorbol esters fueled the dogma that PKC is an oncoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	32-48
28112438-2	2017	As major cellular targets for the phorbol ester tumor promoters and diacylglycerol (DAG), a second messenger generated by stimulation of membrane receptors, PKC isozymes play major roles in the control of signaling pathways associated with proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis, and metastasis.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	157-160
28445049-5	2017	Interestingly, phorbol esters 1, 5, and 6 showed potent inhibitory activity on elastase release in human neutrophils, with IC50 values of 2.7, 0.8, and 2.1 muM, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	latexin	Homo sapiens	156-159
28283201-1	2017	The discovery in the 1980s that protein kinase C (PKC) is a receptor for the tumor-promoting phorbol esters fueled the dogma that PKC is an oncoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	50-53
28283201-1	2017	The discovery in the 1980s that protein kinase C (PKC) is a receptor for the tumor-promoting phorbol esters fueled the dogma that PKC is an oncoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
27428469-10	2017	Chronic treatment of FFA-exposed cardiomyocytes with phenylephrine or a phorbol ester restored FAK activity and improved glucose transport.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	95-98
28075530-12	2017	Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays with phorbol ester-treated human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells showed RUNX1 binding to RUNX1 consensus sites in the PLDN1 5" upstream region.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	140-145
28075530-12	2017	Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays with phorbol ester-treated human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells showed RUNX1 binding to RUNX1 consensus sites in the PLDN1 5" upstream region.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	157-162
28259919-5	2017	The present study demonstrated an upregulation of MMP9 protein and mRNA expression levels in mast cells activated by phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	50-54
28082304-10	2017	When alpha1B-adrenergic receptors that had been mutated at protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (S396A, S402A) were used, phorbol ester-induced desensitization of the calcium response was markedly decreased; however, interaction with Rab9 was only partially decreased and internalization was observed in response to phorbol esters and sphingosine 1-phosphate.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	RAB9A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	236-240
27874143-7	2016	13-Oxyingenol analogs, which induced HL-60 cell differentiation, also induced HL-60 cell death, similar to the action of a phorbol ester, a strong PKC activator.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	147-150
28057759-4	2017	We show that abacavir fails to generate direct innate immune activation in human monocytes but potently triggers IL-1beta release upon pro-inflammatory priming with phorbol ester or Toll-like receptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	113-121
27278863-3	2017	Here, we show that oxidative stress, induced by stimulation of the cells with the oxidant arsenite, strongly activated gene transcription via the stress-responsive element (StRE), while phorbol ester or tunicamycin, activators of AP-1/c-Jun or ATF4, respectively, activated AP-1 or nutrient-sensing response element-mediated transcription.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	230-234
27278863-3	2017	Here, we show that oxidative stress, induced by stimulation of the cells with the oxidant arsenite, strongly activated gene transcription via the stress-responsive element (StRE), while phorbol ester or tunicamycin, activators of AP-1/c-Jun or ATF4, respectively, activated AP-1 or nutrient-sensing response element-mediated transcription.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	235-240
27278863-3	2017	Here, we show that oxidative stress, induced by stimulation of the cells with the oxidant arsenite, strongly activated gene transcription via the stress-responsive element (StRE), while phorbol ester or tunicamycin, activators of AP-1/c-Jun or ATF4, respectively, activated AP-1 or nutrient-sensing response element-mediated transcription.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	244-248
27278863-3	2017	Here, we show that oxidative stress, induced by stimulation of the cells with the oxidant arsenite, strongly activated gene transcription via the stress-responsive element (StRE), while phorbol ester or tunicamycin, activators of AP-1/c-Jun or ATF4, respectively, activated AP-1 or nutrient-sensing response element-mediated transcription.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	274-278
28458776-0	2017	Role of Protein Kinase C and Nox2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Formation in the Activation and Maturation of Dendritic Cells by Phorbol Ester and Lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	29-33
27751866-5	2017	IL-1beta release required priming by phorbol-ester or toll-like receptor stimulation and was prevented by inhibition of K+ efflux, NLRP3 depletion or caspase-1 inhibition, identifying chromium (VI) as a hapten activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-8
27798178-7	2016	In silico analysis of the inheritance of synaptic physiology from an array of BXD recombinant inbred strains (Jansen et al., 2011) identified a segment on chromosome 4 containing the gene encoding Munc13-2, which has calcium-/phorbol ester-binding domains and controls presynaptic function.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	unc-13 homolog B	Mus musculus	197-205
27784766-6	2016	In contrast, VEGF-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and PKC activation using phorbol esters or overexpression of PKC-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	13-17
27784766-6	2016	In contrast, VEGF-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and PKC activation using phorbol esters or overexpression of PKC-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	29-39
27784766-6	2016	In contrast, VEGF-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and PKC activation using phorbol esters or overexpression of PKC-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	94-110
27784766-6	2016	In contrast, VEGF-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and PKC activation using phorbol esters or overexpression of PKC-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
27784766-6	2016	In contrast, VEGF-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation was sensitive to inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) and PKC activation using phorbol esters or overexpression of PKC-stimulated AMPKalpha1 Ser487 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
27784766-8	2016	PKC activation was associated with reduced AMPK activity, as inhibition of PKC increased AMPK activity and phorbol esters inhibited AMPK, an effect lost in cells expressing mutant AMPKalpha1 Ser487Ala.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
27784766-8	2016	PKC activation was associated with reduced AMPK activity, as inhibition of PKC increased AMPK activity and phorbol esters inhibited AMPK, an effect lost in cells expressing mutant AMPKalpha1 Ser487Ala.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
27784766-8	2016	PKC activation was associated with reduced AMPK activity, as inhibition of PKC increased AMPK activity and phorbol esters inhibited AMPK, an effect lost in cells expressing mutant AMPKalpha1 Ser487Ala.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	180-190
27731361-6	2016	In contrast, the PKC-activating phorbol ester PMA, often used as a strong inducer of ADAM17, causes not only proteolysis by ADAM17 but also a rapid increase of the mature protease at the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	85-91
27731361-6	2016	In contrast, the PKC-activating phorbol ester PMA, often used as a strong inducer of ADAM17, causes not only proteolysis by ADAM17 but also a rapid increase of the mature protease at the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	124-130
27125215-7	2016	Human SLC26A1 resembles SLC26 paralogs in its inhibition by phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC), which differs in its undiminished polypeptide abundance at or near the oocyte surface.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	solute carrier family 26 member 1	Homo sapiens	6-13
27373413-0	2016	Repressed PKCdelta activation in glycodelin-expressing cells mediates resistance to phorbol ester and TGFbeta.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	10-18
27373413-0	2016	Repressed PKCdelta activation in glycodelin-expressing cells mediates resistance to phorbol ester and TGFbeta.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	33-43
27371732-7	2016	RNAi knockdown of PLC-epsilon inhibited NF-kappaB activity in response to diverse proinflammatory stimuli, thrombin, LPS, TNF-alpha, and the nonreceptor agonist phorbol 13-myristate 12-acetate (phorbol esters) in EC.	Phorbol Esters	194-208	phospholipase C, epsilon 1	Mus musculus	18-29
27159043-7	2016	Together with polySia-NRP2, polySia-ESL-1 is also detected in primary cultured microglia, in brain slice cultures and in phorbol ester-induced THP-1 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	golgi glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
27159043-7	2016	Together with polySia-NRP2, polySia-ESL-1 is also detected in primary cultured microglia, in brain slice cultures and in phorbol ester-induced THP-1 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	143-148
27754346-8	2016	Lastly, in silico experiments further revealed that gallic acid could block PKCdelta activation by occupying the phorbol ester binding sites of the protein.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	76-84
27531070-3	2016	Constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 was significantly decreased in phorbol ester- and growth factor-treated BT-474 and MDA-MB-453 cells.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	41-46
27531070-3	2016	Constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 was significantly decreased in phorbol ester- and growth factor-treated BT-474 and MDA-MB-453 cells.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3	Homo sapiens	51-56
27278128-0	2016	Phorbol ester-mediated re-expression of endogenous LAT adapter in J.CaM2 cells: a model for dissecting drivers and blockers of LAT transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	linker for activation of T cells	Homo sapiens	51-54
27278128-0	2016	Phorbol ester-mediated re-expression of endogenous LAT adapter in J.CaM2 cells: a model for dissecting drivers and blockers of LAT transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta	Homo sapiens	68-72
27278128-0	2016	Phorbol ester-mediated re-expression of endogenous LAT adapter in J.CaM2 cells: a model for dissecting drivers and blockers of LAT transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	linker for activation of T cells	Homo sapiens	127-130
27022025-0	2016	Structural Basis for the Failure of the C1 Domain of Ras Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Protein 2 (RasGRP2) to Bind Phorbol Ester with High Affinity.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	53-93
26292580-2	2016	Given their potential clinical ramifications, PKC modulators, e.g. phorbol esters and bryostatin, are also of great interest in the drug development.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	46-49
26292580-4	2016	Here, we report the first comparative molecular dynamics study aimed at gaining structural insight into the mechanisms by which the PKC delta cys2 activator domain is used in its binding to phorbol ester and bryostatin-1.	Phorbol Esters	190-203	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	132-141
26292580-5	2016	As anticipated in the phorbol ester binding, hydrogen bonds are formed through the backbone atoms of Thr242, Leu251, and Gly253 of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	131-134
27109612-2	2016	Herein, we show that SerpinB2(-/-) mice are more susceptible to contact dermatitis after topical application of dinitrofluorobenzene, and show enhanced inflammatory lesions after topical applications of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 2	Mus musculus	21-29
27109612-4	2016	Instead, the phenotype was associated with impaired skin barrier function and a defective stratum corneum, with SerpinB2(-/-) mice showing increased transepidermal water loss, increased overt loss of stratum corneum in inflammatory lesions, and impaired stratum corneum thickening after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	287-300	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 2	Mus musculus	112-120
27022025-10	2016	Consistent with the ability of phorbol ester to induce translocation of the full-length RasGRP2 with the mutated C1 domain, phorbol ester enhanced the ability of the mutated RasGRP2 to activate Rap1.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	174-181
27022025-10	2016	Consistent with the ability of phorbol ester to induce translocation of the full-length RasGRP2 with the mutated C1 domain, phorbol ester enhanced the ability of the mutated RasGRP2 to activate Rap1.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	194-198
27089179-5	2016	Expression of Leu129Gln CysLT2R in melanocytes enforces expression of a melanocyte-lineage signature, drives phorbol ester-independent growth in vitro, and promotes tumorigenesis in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2	Homo sapiens	24-31
27022025-0	2016	Structural Basis for the Failure of the C1 Domain of Ras Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Protein 2 (RasGRP2) to Bind Phorbol Ester with High Affinity.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	97-104
27022025-1	2016	The C1 domain represents the recognition module for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters in protein kinase C, Ras guanine nucleotide releasing protein (RasGRP), and related proteins.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	107-147
27022025-1	2016	The C1 domain represents the recognition module for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters in protein kinase C, Ras guanine nucleotide releasing protein (RasGRP), and related proteins.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	149-155
27022025-8	2016	The full-length RasGRP2 protein with the mutated C1 domains also showed strong phorbol ester binding, albeit modestly weaker than that of the C1 domain alone (Kd = 8.2 +- 1.1 nm for the full-length protein containing all four mutations), and displayed translocation in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	16-23
27022025-8	2016	The full-length RasGRP2 protein with the mutated C1 domains also showed strong phorbol ester binding, albeit modestly weaker than that of the C1 domain alone (Kd = 8.2 +- 1.1 nm for the full-length protein containing all four mutations), and displayed translocation in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	281-294	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	16-23
27022025-10	2016	Consistent with the ability of phorbol ester to induce translocation of the full-length RasGRP2 with the mutated C1 domain, phorbol ester enhanced the ability of the mutated RasGRP2 to activate Rap1.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	88-95
27022025-10	2016	Consistent with the ability of phorbol ester to induce translocation of the full-length RasGRP2 with the mutated C1 domain, phorbol ester enhanced the ability of the mutated RasGRP2 to activate Rap1.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	174-181
27022025-10	2016	Consistent with the ability of phorbol ester to induce translocation of the full-length RasGRP2 with the mutated C1 domain, phorbol ester enhanced the ability of the mutated RasGRP2 to activate Rap1.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	194-198
27022025-10	2016	Consistent with the ability of phorbol ester to induce translocation of the full-length RasGRP2 with the mutated C1 domain, phorbol ester enhanced the ability of the mutated RasGRP2 to activate Rap1.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	RAS guanyl releasing protein 2	Homo sapiens	88-95
26742640-7	2016	We observed that differentiation of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells induced by retinoic acid (RA), the phorbol ester PMA, or the gamma-secretase inhibitor DAPT resulted in an electrophoretic mobility shift of Fe65.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	amyloid beta precursor protein binding family B member 1	Homo sapiens	211-215
26961870-6	2016	Shedding of IL-23R was induced by stimulation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), but not by ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	interleukin 23 receptor	Homo sapiens	12-18
26750151-6	2016	Phorbol ester, 12,13-dibutyrate-induced mechanical allodynia and associated neuronal activations were all prevented by inhibiting selectively segmental PKCgamma with KIG31-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	152-160
26824787-0	2016	Irradiation with narrowband-ultraviolet B suppresses phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of H1 receptor mRNA in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	histamine receptor H1	Homo sapiens	92-103
26796274-0	2016	Crosstalk between Wnt signaling and Phorbol ester-mediated PKC signaling in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	59-62
26717578-1	2015	Phorbol esters, which are protein kinase C (PKC) activators, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which cause enhanced acetylation of cellular proteins, are the main classes of chemical inducers of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic cycle in latently EBV-infected cells acting through the PKC pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
26441058-7	2016	In vitro functional analysis proved casbene synthase activity of JcCASA163 in converting geranylgeranyl diphosphate into casbene which has been speculated to be the precursor to PEs.	Phorbol Esters	178-181	casbene synthase, chloroplastic-like	Jatropha curcas	65-74
26441058-8	2016	A seed-specific promoter driving inverted repeats for RNAi interference targeting at either JcCASA163 or both genes could effectively down-regulate casbene synthase gene expression with concurrent marked reduction of PE level (by as much as 85 %) in seeds with no pleiotropic effects observed.	Phorbol Esters	217-219	casbene synthase, chloroplastic-like	Jatropha curcas	92-101
26759702-5	2016	Furthermore, fisetin significantly inhibited fluoride-induced increases in pMYPT1 levels and phorbol ester-induced increases in pERK1/2 levels suggesting the mechanism involving the inhibition of Rho-kinase activity and the subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 and MEK activity and the subsequent phosphorylation of ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	129-135
27127545-3	2016	In the present study, we demonstrated that the treatment of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells with phorbol ester (TPA), a protein kinase C activator, significantly induced cell proliferation and migration, and these were accompanied by the significant induction of Slug expression.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	snail family transcriptional repressor 2	Homo sapiens	263-267
26717578-1	2015	Phorbol esters, which are protein kinase C (PKC) activators, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which cause enhanced acetylation of cellular proteins, are the main classes of chemical inducers of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic cycle in latently EBV-infected cells acting through the PKC pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	291-294
26683615-2	2015	Among these, we have shown that Tripartite motif 22 (TRIM22) suppresses basal as well as phorbol ester-induced HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-mediated transcription, independently of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) binding to the U3 region and Tat interaction with the TAR region of the HIV-1 LTR.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	tripartite motif containing 22	Homo sapiens	53-59
26642194-5	2015	Chemical inhibition of conventional PKCs (cPKCs) abolished mSK1a phosphorylation, while overexpression of PKCalpha, a cPKC isoform, potentiated the phosphorylation, in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	106-114
26642194-8	2015	Interestingly, alanine substitution of S373 made mSK1a refractory to the inhibitory effect of phorbol esters, whereas glutamate substitution of the same residue resulted in a significant reduction in mSK1a activity, suggesting the significant role of this phosphorylation event.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	skin antigen 1	Mus musculus	49-53
26243665-7	2015	These results suggested that phorbol esters are present in JCP, and that they could be involved in the activation of PKC which may be responsible for the high insulin secretion and consequently the activation of insulin-dependent pathways.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
26431332-6	2015	Furthermore, we show that endogenous KLF4 expression is required for efficient lytic viral reactivation in response to phorbol ester and sodium butyrate treatment in several different EBV-infected epithelial cell lines, and that the combination of KLF4 and another differentiation-dependent cellular transcription factor, BLIMP1, is highly synergistic for inducing lytic EBV infection.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	37-41
26625935-3	2015	Furthermore, nPKCepsilon regulates phorbol ester-induced acetylcholine release potentiation, which further indicates that nPKCepsilon is involved in neurotransmission.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	13-24
26625935-3	2015	Furthermore, nPKCepsilon regulates phorbol ester-induced acetylcholine release potentiation, which further indicates that nPKCepsilon is involved in neurotransmission.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	122-133
26625935-6	2015	We observed that nPKCepsilon membrane translocation is key to the synaptic potentiation of NMJ, being involved in several conditions that upregulate PKC isoforms coupling to acetylcholine (ACh) release (incubation with high Ca(2+), stimulation with phorbol esters and protein kinase A, stimulation with adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphorothioate, 8-Bromo-, Rp-isomer, sodium salt -Sp-8-BrcAMP-).	Phorbol Esters	249-263	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	17-28
26473723-3	2015	Phorbol myristate acetate markedly inhibited LPA1- and LPA3-mediated effect, whereas that mediated by LPA2 was only partially diminished; the actions of the phorbol ester were inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide I and by overnight incubation with the protein kinase C activator, which leads to down regulation of this protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
26473723-3	2015	Phorbol myristate acetate markedly inhibited LPA1- and LPA3-mediated effect, whereas that mediated by LPA2 was only partially diminished; the actions of the phorbol ester were inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide I and by overnight incubation with the protein kinase C activator, which leads to down regulation of this protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3	Homo sapiens	55-59
26473723-3	2015	Phorbol myristate acetate markedly inhibited LPA1- and LPA3-mediated effect, whereas that mediated by LPA2 was only partially diminished; the actions of the phorbol ester were inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide I and by overnight incubation with the protein kinase C activator, which leads to down regulation of this protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
26418248-3	2015	Incubation of cells expressing transporter with the PKC activator phorbol ester induced a dramatic, time-dependent increase in GlyT1 ubiquitination, followed by accumulation of GlyT1 in EEA1 positive early endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), member 9	Mus musculus	127-132
26418248-3	2015	Incubation of cells expressing transporter with the PKC activator phorbol ester induced a dramatic, time-dependent increase in GlyT1 ubiquitination, followed by accumulation of GlyT1 in EEA1 positive early endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), member 9	Mus musculus	177-182
26418248-3	2015	Incubation of cells expressing transporter with the PKC activator phorbol ester induced a dramatic, time-dependent increase in GlyT1 ubiquitination, followed by accumulation of GlyT1 in EEA1 positive early endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	early endosome antigen 1	Mus musculus	186-190
26418248-7	2015	Interestingly, a 40-50% reduction in glycine uptake was detected in phorbol-ester stimulated cells expressing the WT-GlyT1, whereas no significant change was for the mutant protein, demonstrating that endocytosis participates in the reduction of uptake.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), member 9	Mus musculus	117-122
27057457-0	2016	Phorbol ester-induced neutrophilic inflammatory responses selectively promote metastatic spread of melanoma in a TLR4-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	113-117
25907027-0	2015	Number of Hydroxyl Groups on the B-Ring of Flavonoids Affects Their Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with Phorbol Ester Binding Site of PKCdelta C1B Domain: In Vitro and in Silico Studies.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	140-148
25967349-4	2015	PLD activity was significantly reduced in PLD1-deficient cells when fetal calf serum (FCS), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) or phorbol ester was used as a stimulant.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	phospholipase D1	Mus musculus	42-46
25967349-7	2015	At 500nM, the PLD1 inhibitor VU0359595 reduced proliferation in PLD2-deficient cells, but also in PLD1-deficient cells stimulated by IGF-1 or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	phospholipase D1	Mus musculus	14-18
25463304-0	2015	Down-regulation of aldo-keto reductase AKR1B10 gene expression by a phorbol ester via the ERK/c-Jun signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens	39-46
25463304-3	2015	In the present study, we demonstrated that the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), down-regulated the expression of the AKR1B10 gene in the human lung cancer cell line, A549.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10	Homo sapiens	144-151
25762156-9	2015	Here, we report that lintuzumab downregulates cell-surface CD33 by 80% in phorbol-ester differentiated U937 cells, at concentrations as low as 10 ng/ml.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	59-63
25982116-3	2015	Phosphorylation of S226 is required for the rapid increase in glucose uptake and enhanced cell surface localization of GLUT1 induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	140-153	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	119-124
25907027-3	2015	In vitro assays, including DPPH scavenging activity, ROS quantification by flow cytometer, and proteins immunoblotting, and in silico analysis by molecular docking between the flavonoids and C1B domain of PKCdelta phorbol ester binding site were both used to complete this study.	Phorbol Esters	214-227	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	205-213
25995821-5	2015	Furthermore, shikonin significantly inhibited fluoride-induced increases in pMYPT1 levels and phorbol ester-induced increases in pERK1/2 levels suggesting the mechanism involving the inhibition of Rho-kinase activity and the subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 and the inhibition of MEK activity and the subsequent phosphorylation of ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	130-136
25578563-0	2015	PKD1 is downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer and mediates the feedback inhibition of mTORC1-S6K1 axis in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25802335-2	2015	We have previously shown that despite expression of all three isoforms in mouse epidermis, PKD1 plays a unique and critical role in wound healing, phorbol ester-induced hyperplasia, and tumor development.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Mus musculus	91-95
25578563-0	2015	PKD1 is downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer and mediates the feedback inhibition of mTORC1-S6K1 axis in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	92-98
25578563-0	2015	PKD1 is downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer and mediates the feedback inhibition of mTORC1-S6K1 axis in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	99-103
24517854-9	2015	By contrast, T370 phosphorylation stimulated by phorbol esters or heterologous activation of Gq -coupled receptors is mediated by PKCalpha.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	130-138
25619690-1	2015	Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes have remained elusive cancer targets despite the unambiguous tumor promoting function of their potent ligands, phorbol esters, and the prevalence of their mutations.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
25619690-1	2015	Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes have remained elusive cancer targets despite the unambiguous tumor promoting function of their potent ligands, phorbol esters, and the prevalence of their mutations.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
25575302-7	2015	Interestingly, both Akt1 and Akt3 suppress, while Akt2 enhances, phorbol ester-induced podosome formation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
25575302-7	2015	Interestingly, both Akt1 and Akt3 suppress, while Akt2 enhances, phorbol ester-induced podosome formation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 3	Homo sapiens	29-33
25575302-7	2015	Interestingly, both Akt1 and Akt3 suppress, while Akt2 enhances, phorbol ester-induced podosome formation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	50-54
25575302-8	2015	These data show that Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 play different roles in podosome formation and ECM invasion induced by Src or phorbol ester, thus underscoring the importance of cell context in the roles of Akt isoforms in cell invasion.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
25575302-8	2015	These data show that Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 play different roles in podosome formation and ECM invasion induced by Src or phorbol ester, thus underscoring the importance of cell context in the roles of Akt isoforms in cell invasion.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	AKT serine/threonine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
25575302-8	2015	These data show that Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 play different roles in podosome formation and ECM invasion induced by Src or phorbol ester, thus underscoring the importance of cell context in the roles of Akt isoforms in cell invasion.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	AKT serine/threonine kinase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
25575302-8	2015	These data show that Akt1, Akt2 and Akt3 play different roles in podosome formation and ECM invasion induced by Src or phorbol ester, thus underscoring the importance of cell context in the roles of Akt isoforms in cell invasion.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
25540590-3	2014	To approach this, we compared the potential of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and sodium fluoride (NaF) to induce CXCL8 responses in A549 cells, with emphasis on the importance of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)- and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	146-151
26113112-3	2015	Using microarray-based expression profiling of phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells, we found that a number of aneurysm-related gene changes effected by AngII were modulated following the addition of pioglitazone.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	153-158
26021525-8	2015	Treatment of HUVEC and EA.hy 926 cells with PKC-activating phorbol esters (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, PMA or phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate) resulted in a downregulation of BDNF expression, whereas the inactive 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate was without effect.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
26021525-8	2015	Treatment of HUVEC and EA.hy 926 cells with PKC-activating phorbol esters (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, PMA or phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate) resulted in a downregulation of BDNF expression, whereas the inactive 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate was without effect.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	173-177
25374129-0	2014	Piceatannol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS in HR-1 hairless mouse skin by blocking the activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	57-62
25374129-0	2014	Piceatannol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS in HR-1 hairless mouse skin by blocking the activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	67-71
25374129-0	2014	Piceatannol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS in HR-1 hairless mouse skin by blocking the activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	144-148
25375862-5	2014	Ptafr-/- mice also exhibited increased chronic inflammation in response to phorbol ester application.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	platelet-activating factor receptor	Mus musculus	0-8
24328991-5	2014	KEY RESULTS: The potency of known gap junction uncouplers to uncouple hCx43 was ranked (according to IC50 ) as phorbol ester>digoxin>meclofenamic acid>carbenoxolone>heptanol.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
25137020-0	2014	Phorbol ester stimulates ethanolamine release from the metastatic basal prostate cancer cell line PC3 but not from prostate epithelial cell lines LNCaP and P4E6.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	keratin 6A	Homo sapiens	98-101
25137020-13	2014	Phorbol ester treatment over 3h increased Etn metabolite release from the metastatic PC3 cell line and the benign cell lines PNT2C2 and PNT1A but not from the tumour-derived cell lines P4E6 and LNCaP; this effect was blocked by Ro31-8220 and GF109203X as well as by D609, which inhibited PLD in a transphosphatidylation reaction.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	keratin 6A	Homo sapiens	85-88
25137020-13	2014	Phorbol ester treatment over 3h increased Etn metabolite release from the metastatic PC3 cell line and the benign cell lines PNT2C2 and PNT1A but not from the tumour-derived cell lines P4E6 and LNCaP; this effect was blocked by Ro31-8220 and GF109203X as well as by D609, which inhibited PLD in a transphosphatidylation reaction.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	288-291
24742714-0	2014	Genistein inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity and COX-2 expression by blocking the phosphorylation of p65/RelA in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	41-50
23999061-4	2014	In human monocytes (THP-1 cells) the ASAP2 gene is more weakly expressed but more and faster inducible by the biologically active form of vitamin D, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), than in M2-type macrophages (phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 cells).	Phorbol Esters	223-236	ArfGAP with SH3 domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
24742714-0	2014	Genistein inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity and COX-2 expression by blocking the phosphorylation of p65/RelA in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	132-135
24742714-0	2014	Genistein inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity and COX-2 expression by blocking the phosphorylation of p65/RelA in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	136-140
24742714-2	2014	In the present study, we have investigated the effects of genistein on phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	107-123
24742714-2	2014	In the present study, we have investigated the effects of genistein on phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	125-130
25104352-8	2014	Upon cell stimulation with phorbol ester, the NF-kappaB soluble complex exchanges FKBP51 for FKBP52, and the NF-kappaB biological effect is triggered.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	46-55
25269075-2	2014	It is well established that PLCepsilon plays an important role in skin inflammation, such as that elicited by phorbol ester painting or ultraviolet irradiation and contact dermatitis that is mediated by T helper (Th) 1 cells, through upregulating inflammatory cytokine production by keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	phospholipase C, epsilon 1	Mus musculus	28-38
25104352-8	2014	Upon cell stimulation with phorbol ester, the NF-kappaB soluble complex exchanges FKBP51 for FKBP52, and the NF-kappaB biological effect is triggered.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	FKBP prolyl isomerase 4	Homo sapiens	93-99
25104352-8	2014	Upon cell stimulation with phorbol ester, the NF-kappaB soluble complex exchanges FKBP51 for FKBP52, and the NF-kappaB biological effect is triggered.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	109-118
25002582-8	2014	Using (32)P labeling and mass spectrometry, we showed that tomosyn-2 is phosphorylated in response to high glucose, phorbol esters, and analogs of cAMP, all key insulin secretagogues.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	syntaxin binding protein 5L	Homo sapiens	59-68
25002582-8	2014	Using (32)P labeling and mass spectrometry, we showed that tomosyn-2 is phosphorylated in response to high glucose, phorbol esters, and analogs of cAMP, all key insulin secretagogues.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	insulin	Homo sapiens	161-168
24696141-7	2014	Inhibition of PAC1 receptor-stimulated PLC/diacylglycerol/PKC signaling by bisindoylmaleimide I also attenuated ERK phosphorylation, and direct PKC activation with phorbol ester increased ERK phosphorylation in a temperature-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	ADCYAP receptor type I	Homo sapiens	14-18
24747121-0	2014	Sulforaphane inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated IKK-NF-kappaB signaling and COX-2 expression in human mammary epithelial cells by targeting NF-kappaB activating kinase and ERK.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	51-60
24747121-0	2014	Sulforaphane inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated IKK-NF-kappaB signaling and COX-2 expression in human mammary epithelial cells by targeting NF-kappaB activating kinase and ERK.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	139-148
24747121-0	2014	Sulforaphane inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated IKK-NF-kappaB signaling and COX-2 expression in human mammary epithelial cells by targeting NF-kappaB activating kinase and ERK.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
24913978-4	2014	We found that functional CD8 T cell and macrophage responses to both viral and intracellular bacterial pathogens were depressed in mice in vivo and in humans to phorbol ester and calcium ionophore stimulation in vitro in the face of low-dose Rapa treatment.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	25-28
24939844-4	2014	Turnover via this phosphodegron-targeted pathway is reduced in Mcl-1-overexpressing BL41-3 Burkitt lymphoma and other cancer cells; turnover is further slowed in the presence of phorbol ester-induced ERK activation, resulting in Mcl-1 stabilization and an exacerbation of chemoresistance.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1	Cricetulus griseus	63-68
24939844-4	2014	Turnover via this phosphodegron-targeted pathway is reduced in Mcl-1-overexpressing BL41-3 Burkitt lymphoma and other cancer cells; turnover is further slowed in the presence of phorbol ester-induced ERK activation, resulting in Mcl-1 stabilization and an exacerbation of chemoresistance.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1	Cricetulus griseus	229-234
24504023-3	2014	HSF1 transiently accumulates in the nucleus of human monocytes undergoing macrophage differentiation, including M-CSF-treated peripheral blood monocytes and phorbol ester-treated THP1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	heat shock transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25000564-9	2014	In U937 cells the expression of PCI as well as the surface binding of PCI increased with time of phorbol ester treatment/macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	serpin family A member 5	Homo sapiens	32-35
25000564-9	2014	In U937 cells the expression of PCI as well as the surface binding of PCI increased with time of phorbol ester treatment/macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	serpin family A member 5	Homo sapiens	70-73
24830864-7	2014	We subsequently examined the association of CHS1 with PLD, and showed that expression of a truncated mutant of CHS1 in 293T cells induced abnormally rapid activation of PLD after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	169-172
24906106-3	2014	Using a capillary isoelectric focusing immunoassay system, we could visualize a high resolution isoelectric focusing signature of PKCdelta upon stimulation by ligands of the phorbol ester and bryostatin classes.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	130-138
24964098-10	2014	Consistently, when MIN6-m9 mouse beta cells were treated with phorbol ester and trypsin to induce shedding, CADM1 immunostaining was diffuse in the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	108-113
24696141-7	2014	Inhibition of PAC1 receptor-stimulated PLC/diacylglycerol/PKC signaling by bisindoylmaleimide I also attenuated ERK phosphorylation, and direct PKC activation with phorbol ester increased ERK phosphorylation in a temperature-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
24696141-7	2014	Inhibition of PAC1 receptor-stimulated PLC/diacylglycerol/PKC signaling by bisindoylmaleimide I also attenuated ERK phosphorylation, and direct PKC activation with phorbol ester increased ERK phosphorylation in a temperature-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	188-191
24792722-5	2014	betaPix expression enhanced O2(-) production in resting cells and cells stimulated with EGF or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7	Homo sapiens	0-7
24563545-4	2014	In contrast, the tryptophan metabolites exhibited minimal anti-inflammatory activities, whereas TCDD decreased phorbol ester-induced CXCR4 [chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4] gene expression, and this response was AHR dependent.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	133-138
24647541-5	2014	A variety of PKD1 activators in IEC-18 cells, including vasopressin, lysophosphatidic acid, and phorbol esters, also induced HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	protein kinase D1	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
24647541-5	2014	A variety of PKD1 activators in IEC-18 cells, including vasopressin, lysophosphatidic acid, and phorbol esters, also induced HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	histone deacetylase 4	Rattus norvegicus	125-130
24647541-5	2014	A variety of PKD1 activators in IEC-18 cells, including vasopressin, lysophosphatidic acid, and phorbol esters, also induced HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	histone deacetylase 5	Rattus norvegicus	132-137
24647541-5	2014	A variety of PKD1 activators in IEC-18 cells, including vasopressin, lysophosphatidic acid, and phorbol esters, also induced HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	histone deacetylase 7	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
24464785-5	2014	The dependency on RasGRP1 was associated with a diminished response to the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	75-88	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	18-25
24563545-4	2014	In contrast, the tryptophan metabolites exhibited minimal anti-inflammatory activities, whereas TCDD decreased phorbol ester-induced CXCR4 [chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4] gene expression, and this response was AHR dependent.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	140-174
24563545-4	2014	In contrast, the tryptophan metabolites exhibited minimal anti-inflammatory activities, whereas TCDD decreased phorbol ester-induced CXCR4 [chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4] gene expression, and this response was AHR dependent.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens	215-218
24500718-5	2014	By activating PKC with the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) or a natural stimulant, UTP, time lapse live cell imaging movies indicated phosphorylated Ser-368 Cx43 separated into discrete domains within gap junctions and was internalized in small vesicles, after which it was degraded by lysosomes and proteasomes.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	14-17
24213370-7	2014	In addition, the hyperplastic and inflammatory responses to topical phorbol ester were significantly suppressed, suggesting involvement of PKD1 in tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Mus musculus	139-143
24519946-8	2014	The phosphorylation and activity of endogenous Pcyt2 were dramatically increased with phorbol esters and reduced by specific PKC inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	phosphate cytidylyltransferase 2, ethanolamine	Homo sapiens	47-52
24744737-0	2014	Deregulation of the actin cytoskeleton and macropinocytosis in response to phorbol ester by the mutant protein kinase C gamma that causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 14.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	138-168
24501395-10	2014	PAK4 binding to 14-3-3 is stimulated by phorbol ester, and involves the "lynchpin" site phosphoSer99 and a major contribution from Ser181.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
24308893-2	2014	In the present study, we provide evidence for a selective and dose-dependent phosphorylation of T370 after activation of PKC by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	121-124
24308893-5	2014	KEY RESULTS: Activation of PKC by phorbol esters or heterologous activation of substance P receptors co-expressed with MORs in the same cell induced a selective and dose-dependent phosphorylation of T370 that specifically requires the PKCalpha isoform.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	27-30
24308893-5	2014	KEY RESULTS: Activation of PKC by phorbol esters or heterologous activation of substance P receptors co-expressed with MORs in the same cell induced a selective and dose-dependent phosphorylation of T370 that specifically requires the PKCalpha isoform.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	235-243
24138399-4	2014	Phorbol ester, a strong PKC agonist, uses this mechanism to induce tumor formation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	24-27
24281857-0	2014	Combined incubation of colon carcinoma cells with phorbol ester and mitochondrial uncoupling agents results in synergic elevated reactive oxygen species levels and increased gamma-glutamyltransferase expression.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3	Homo sapiens	174-199
24099956-0	2014	Method of phorbol ester degradation in Jatropha curcas L. seed cake using rice bran lipase.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	lipase-like	Jatropha curcas	84-90
24099956-1	2014	A novel enzymatic degradation of phorbol esters (PE) in the jatropha seed cake was developed using lipase.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	lipase-like	Jatropha curcas	99-105
24099956-1	2014	A novel enzymatic degradation of phorbol esters (PE) in the jatropha seed cake was developed using lipase.	Phorbol Esters	49-51	lipase-like	Jatropha curcas	99-105
24587010-7	2014	Both Con A- and phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-6 proteins was attenuated upon exposure to CuIIb.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	67-76
24587010-7	2014	Both Con A- and phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-6 proteins was attenuated upon exposure to CuIIb.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	78-87
24587010-7	2014	Both Con A- and phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-6 proteins was attenuated upon exposure to CuIIb.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	92-96
24501395-11	2014	In contrast, PAK6 and PAK7 display strong phorbol ester-independent binding to 14-3-3, with Ser113 critical for the interaction with PAK6.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 6	Homo sapiens	13-17
24501395-11	2014	In contrast, PAK6 and PAK7 display strong phorbol ester-independent binding to 14-3-3, with Ser113 critical for the interaction with PAK6.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 5	Homo sapiens	22-26
24753814-5	2014	Furthermore, apigenin significantly inhibited fluoride-induced increases in pMYPT1 levels and phorbol ester-induced increases in pERK1/2 levels, which suggests the mechanism involving the inhibition of Rho-kinase and MEK activity and the subsequent phosphorylation of MYPT1 and ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	130-136
24239722-0	2014	Isoforms of protein kinase C involved in phorbol ester-induced sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 phosphorylation and desensitization.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	63-97
24239722-4	2014	Down-regulation of PKC (overnight incubation with PMA) blocked the subsequent effect of the phorbol ester on S1P1 phosphorylation, without decreasing that of the natural agonist.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	19-22
24239722-4	2014	Down-regulation of PKC (overnight incubation with PMA) blocked the subsequent effect of the phorbol ester on S1P1 phosphorylation, without decreasing that of the natural agonist.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Homo sapiens	109-113
24400858-5	2014	Treatment of primary neonatal human keratinocytes with 1 followed by activation with phorbol ester/ionomycin showed a significant reduction in IL-6 secretion.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	143-147
24355769-0	2014	Conventional protein kinase C isoforms mediate phorbol ester-induced lysophosphatidic acid LPA1 receptor phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
24355769-2	2014	Overnight incubation with phorbol esters markedly decreased the amount of conventional (alpha, betaI, betaII and gamma) and novel (delta) but not atypical (zeta) immunodetected PKC isoforms, this treatment blocks the action of protein kinase on receptor function and phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	177-180
24355769-4	2014	Expression of dominant-negative protein kinase C alpha or beta II mutants and knocking down the expression of these kinase isozymes markedly decreased phorbol ester-induced LPA1 receptor phosphorylation without avoiding receptor desensitization.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	32-54
24355769-4	2014	Expression of dominant-negative protein kinase C alpha or beta II mutants and knocking down the expression of these kinase isozymes markedly decreased phorbol ester-induced LPA1 receptor phosphorylation without avoiding receptor desensitization.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	173-177
24355769-6	2014	It was also observed that protein kinase C alpha and beta II isozymes co-immunoprecipitate with LPA1 receptors and that such an association was further increased by cell treatments with phorbol esters or lysophosphatidic acid.	Phorbol Esters	186-200	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	26-48
24355769-6	2014	It was also observed that protein kinase C alpha and beta II isozymes co-immunoprecipitate with LPA1 receptors and that such an association was further increased by cell treatments with phorbol esters or lysophosphatidic acid.	Phorbol Esters	186-200	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	96-100
24902944-2	2014	METHODS: The inhibitory effects of Dex and Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil (Fas) on phorbol ester-induced release of O2(-) and MPO from neutrophils and on U937 mononuclear cell adhesion were examined along with the expression and activity levels of RhoA and ROCK1.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	114-119
24275664-7	2014	Mouse CD163 resisted endotoxin- and phorbol ester-induced shedding, and ex vivo analysis of knock-in of the Arg-Ser-Ser-Arg sequence in mouse CD163 revealed a receptor shedding comparable with that of human CD163.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	CD163 antigen	Mus musculus	6-11
24239485-6	2014	Phorbol ester-induced GPR120 phosphorylation, but not that induced with docosahexaenoic acid, was blocked by protein kinase C inhibitors (bis-indolyl-maleimide I and Go 6976) suggesting that conventional kinase isoforms mediate this action.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	free fatty acid receptor 4	Homo sapiens	22-28
24902944-2	2014	METHODS: The inhibitory effects of Dex and Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil (Fas) on phorbol ester-induced release of O2(-) and MPO from neutrophils and on U937 mononuclear cell adhesion were examined along with the expression and activity levels of RhoA and ROCK1.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	124-127
24315689-8	2013	We have also found that a combination of chemical inhibition of TGF-beta signaling and perturbation of MAPK signaling with phorbol ester mimics the anti-fibrotic effects of PDGFB, Ha-Ras(G12V) and EGR4.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Gallus gallus	173-178
24430297-8	2014	Studies in cells established that beta3-chimaerin has Rac-GAP activity and is responsive to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	chimerin 2	Homo sapiens	34-49
24430297-9	2014	The enhanced responsiveness of beta3-chimaerin for phorbol ester-induced translocation relative to beta2-chimaerin suggests differential ligand accessibility to the C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	chimerin 2	Homo sapiens	31-46
24556631-0	2014	Macrolides attenuate phorbol ester-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and mucin production from human airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	43-70
24556631-0	2014	Macrolides attenuate phorbol ester-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha and mucin production from human airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	75-80
24378622-2	2013	A human monocytic cell line THP-1 which, upon phorbol ester treatment, is differentiated into macrophages, has previously been used to study virulence strategies of many intracellular pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	28-33
24136992-4	2014	Pharmacological analysis using staurosporine-like indolocarbazole and bisindolylmaleimide compounds suggested that the phorbol ester- and receptor agonist-induced activation of NHE1 occurs through a protein kinase C-independent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	177-181
24399942-0	2013	Phorbol ester reduces ethanol excitation of dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area: involvement of protein kinase C theta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C theta	Homo sapiens	111-133
24399942-3	2013	Application of phorbol esters activates PKC and the present study assessed the effect of a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), on ethanol-induced excitation of DA VTA neurons.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	40-43
24399942-3	2013	Application of phorbol esters activates PKC and the present study assessed the effect of a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), on ethanol-induced excitation of DA VTA neurons.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	40-43
24349196-4	2013	Activation of PKC with phorbol ester stimulated L-carnitine transport and increased cell surface presence of the transporter, although no PKC-specific phosphorylation of Octn2 could be detected.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
24315689-8	2013	We have also found that a combination of chemical inhibition of TGF-beta signaling and perturbation of MAPK signaling with phorbol ester mimics the anti-fibrotic effects of PDGFB, Ha-Ras(G12V) and EGR4.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	early growth response 4	Gallus gallus	197-201
24132147-5	2013	In mice, erucin (100, 300 nmoles) treatment significantly inhibited phorbol ester-induced formation of ear edema and expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	131-135
23817741-6	2013	Our results show that Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 (BBS5) is the principal protein phosphorylated either by phorbol ester stimulation or by light stimulation of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 (human)	Mus musculus	22-45
23817741-6	2013	Our results show that Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 (BBS5) is the principal protein phosphorylated either by phorbol ester stimulation or by light stimulation of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 5 (human)	Mus musculus	47-51
24244711-6	2013	These effects required PKC and PLD activities, and direct stimulation of PKC with phorbol esters was sufficient to reproduce these effects.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	73-76
24008408-4	2013	RESULTS: Chemotaxis studies revealed that treatment with pertussis toxin, PKC inhibitors, phorbol esters, and siRNAs significantly inhibited CAP37-mediated chemotaxis compared with untreated controls.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	azurocidin 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
24132147-5	2013	In mice, erucin (100, 300 nmoles) treatment significantly inhibited phorbol ester-induced formation of ear edema and expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	140-145
23594597-4	2013	Using mice harboring a keratinocyte-specific deletion of RAGE, we analyzed its role in the regulation of an acute inflammatory response that was induced by topical treatment of the back skin with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	200-213	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	57-61
23711352-5	2013	However, HIF1alpha protein stabilisation requires additional cell activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	9-18
23843618-8	2013	Moreover, plectin S4642 phosphorylation was enhanced after cell treatment with EGF, phorbol ester, sorbitol and 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, as well as during wound healing and protease-mediated cell detachment.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	plectin	Homo sapiens	10-17
23911786-0	2013	Thymoquinone inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappaB and expression of COX-2, and induces expression of cytoprotective enzymes in mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	58-67
23911786-0	2013	Thymoquinone inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappaB and expression of COX-2, and induces expression of cytoprotective enzymes in mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	86-91
24023832-7	2013	Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the most commonly used phorbol ester, binds to and activates protein kinase C (PKC), causing a wide range of effects in cells and tissues.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	118-121
24349638-5	2013	The ERK pathway, activated by mitogenic stimuli such as growth factors, cytokines, and phorbol esters, plays a major role in regulating cell growth, survival, and differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
23987506-7	2013	Simultaneous knock down of caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 decreases total phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the same degree as single knock down of either caveolin-1 or IQGAP1, indicating that caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 operate in the same ERK activation pathway.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	27-37
23987506-8	2013	We further show that caveolin-1 knock down, but not IQGAP1 knock down, reduces C-Raf phosphorylation in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	21-31
23987506-7	2013	Simultaneous knock down of caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 decreases total phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the same degree as single knock down of either caveolin-1 or IQGAP1, indicating that caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 operate in the same ERK activation pathway.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-48
23987506-8	2013	We further show that caveolin-1 knock down, but not IQGAP1 knock down, reduces C-Raf phosphorylation in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	79-84
23987506-7	2013	Simultaneous knock down of caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 decreases total phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the same degree as single knock down of either caveolin-1 or IQGAP1, indicating that caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 operate in the same ERK activation pathway.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	87-93
23987506-7	2013	Simultaneous knock down of caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 decreases total phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the same degree as single knock down of either caveolin-1 or IQGAP1, indicating that caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 operate in the same ERK activation pathway.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	174-180
23987506-7	2013	Simultaneous knock down of caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 decreases total phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the same degree as single knock down of either caveolin-1 or IQGAP1, indicating that caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 operate in the same ERK activation pathway.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1	Homo sapiens	174-180
23987506-7	2013	Simultaneous knock down of caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 decreases total phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation to the same degree as single knock down of either caveolin-1 or IQGAP1, indicating that caveolin-1 and IQGAP1 operate in the same ERK activation pathway.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	87-90
23562764-1	2013	BACKGROUND: Protein kinase C (PKC) serves as the receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, which are potent activators of conventional (c) and novel (n) PKCs.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	30-33
23856463-0	2013	A link between two tumorigenic proteins, CD44 and p21WAF1: CD44 increases phorbol ester-induced expression of p21WAF1 by stabilizing its mRNA and extending protein half-life.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	41-45
23856463-0	2013	A link between two tumorigenic proteins, CD44 and p21WAF1: CD44 increases phorbol ester-induced expression of p21WAF1 by stabilizing its mRNA and extending protein half-life.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	59-63
23826267-3	2013	PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we carried out a thorough bioinformatics analysis to dissect transcriptional networks controlled by PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon, the main diacylglycerol/phorbol ester PKCs expressed in prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	149-159
23775122-2	2013	PKC activation by phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]) reduced insulin-induced p-Tyr-IRS2 by 46% +- 13% and, similarly, phosphorylation of Akt/eNOS.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
23775122-2	2013	PKC activation by phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]) reduced insulin-induced p-Tyr-IRS2 by 46% +- 13% and, similarly, phosphorylation of Akt/eNOS.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	74-81
23775122-2	2013	PKC activation by phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]) reduced insulin-induced p-Tyr-IRS2 by 46% +- 13% and, similarly, phosphorylation of Akt/eNOS.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	insulin receptor substrate 2	Cricetulus griseus	90-100
23775122-2	2013	PKC activation by phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]) reduced insulin-induced p-Tyr-IRS2 by 46% +- 13% and, similarly, phosphorylation of Akt/eNOS.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-153
23775122-2	2013	PKC activation by phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]) reduced insulin-induced p-Tyr-IRS2 by 46% +- 13% and, similarly, phosphorylation of Akt/eNOS.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	154-158
24152847-10	2013	The protein kinase C activators phorbol diester (PMA) and bryostatin 1 (Bryo1) stimulated basophils to rapidly release a large amount of Ang1.	Phorbol Esters	32-47	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
23826267-3	2013	PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we carried out a thorough bioinformatics analysis to dissect transcriptional networks controlled by PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon, the main diacylglycerol/phorbol ester PKCs expressed in prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	125-133
23826267-3	2013	PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we carried out a thorough bioinformatics analysis to dissect transcriptional networks controlled by PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon, the main diacylglycerol/phorbol ester PKCs expressed in prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	135-143
23524336-3	2013	Activation of the MAP kinase pathway by growth factors or phorbol esters during G2 phase results in only transient activations of ERK and p90RSK, then suppression to below control levels.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1	Homo sapiens	138-144
23589289-6	2013	Live cell imaging reveals that introduction of these mutations into full-length PKCalpha not only reduces the Ca(2+)-dependent translocation to plasma membrane but, by impairing the plasma membrane-sensing role of the C2 domain, causes phorbol ester-triggered redistribution of PKCalpha to other membranes, such as the Golgi.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	80-88
23589289-6	2013	Live cell imaging reveals that introduction of these mutations into full-length PKCalpha not only reduces the Ca(2+)-dependent translocation to plasma membrane but, by impairing the plasma membrane-sensing role of the C2 domain, causes phorbol ester-triggered redistribution of PKCalpha to other membranes, such as the Golgi.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	278-286
23662807-1	2013	PKC (protein kinase C) has been in the limelight since the discovery three decades ago that it acts as a major receptor for the tumour-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
23662807-1	2013	PKC (protein kinase C) has been in the limelight since the discovery three decades ago that it acts as a major receptor for the tumour-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	5-21
23662807-2	2013	Phorbol esters, with their potent ability to activate two of the three classes of PKC isoenzymes, have remained the best pharmacological tool for directly modulating PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	82-85
23662807-2	2013	Phorbol esters, with their potent ability to activate two of the three classes of PKC isoenzymes, have remained the best pharmacological tool for directly modulating PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	166-169
23662807-3	2013	However, with the discovery of other phorbol ester-responsive proteins, the advent of various small-molecule and peptide modulators, and the need to distinguish isoenzyme-specific activity, the pharmacology of PKC has become increasingly complex.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	210-213
23701597-3	2013	The cytotoxic activities of the phorbol diesters were evaluated against the SNU387 hepatic tumor cell line, and compound 3 exhibited the most potent activity (IC50 1.2 muM).	Phorbol Esters	32-48	latexin	Homo sapiens	168-171
23429041-0	2013	Inhibitory effect of dihydroartemisinin against phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	70-86
23611113-3	2013	In addition, we extended our previous finding that Necl-4 interacts in cis with integrin alpha6 beta4 through their extracellular regions and found that Necl-4 inhibited the phorbol ester-induced disassembly of hemidesmosomes.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	cell adhesion molecule 4	Homo sapiens	51-57
23611113-3	2013	In addition, we extended our previous finding that Necl-4 interacts in cis with integrin alpha6 beta4 through their extracellular regions and found that Necl-4 inhibited the phorbol ester-induced disassembly of hemidesmosomes.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	cell adhesion molecule 4	Homo sapiens	153-159
25337544-2	2013	In our previous studies, Rg3 inhibited phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression and NF-kappaB activation in cultured human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells and in mouse skin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	61-77
24276261-3	2013	In this brief report, we investigate the potential involvement of CaV2 VDCC subtypes in functional effects of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	caveolin 2	Mus musculus	66-70
23704996-4	2013	Calcium- and phorbol ester-triggered acrosomal exocytosis in permeabilized sperm was abrogated by different anti-MARCKS antibodies raised against two different domains, indicating that the protein participates in acrosomal exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	113-119
23704996-10	2013	In non-permeabilized sperm, a permeable peptide of MARCKS ED also inhibited acrosomal exocytosis when stimulated by a natural agonist such as progesterone, and pharmacological inducers such as calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	51-57
23447134-8	2013	Threefold increased and sustained intracellular calcium mobilization responses occurred in 70% of pancreatic stellate cells from HFA-fed rats in response to TRPV4 activators arachidonic acid, lipid second messenger, phorbol ester 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4alphaPDD), and 50% hypoosmotic media compared with relatively unresponsive PSCs from control rats.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	157-162
23675462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that both MSK1 and MSK2, regulate the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced expression of the breast cancer marker gene, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), by phosphorylating H3S10 at its 5" regulatory regions.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A5	Homo sapiens	31-35
23675462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that both MSK1 and MSK2, regulate the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced expression of the breast cancer marker gene, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), by phosphorylating H3S10 at its 5" regulatory regions.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A4	Homo sapiens	40-44
23675462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that both MSK1 and MSK2, regulate the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced expression of the breast cancer marker gene, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), by phosphorylating H3S10 at its 5" regulatory regions.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	trefoil factor 1	Homo sapiens	163-179
23675462-5	2013	Here, we demonstrate that both MSK1 and MSK2, regulate the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced expression of the breast cancer marker gene, trefoil factor 1 (TFF1), by phosphorylating H3S10 at its 5" regulatory regions.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	trefoil factor 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
23509080-3	2013	Addition of phorbol esters to RPTCs not only increased c-Myc binding to the GRK4 promoter but also increased both phospho-c-Myc and GRK4 expression.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	55-60
23509080-3	2013	Addition of phorbol esters to RPTCs not only increased c-Myc binding to the GRK4 promoter but also increased both phospho-c-Myc and GRK4 expression.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4	Homo sapiens	76-80
23509080-3	2013	Addition of phorbol esters to RPTCs not only increased c-Myc binding to the GRK4 promoter but also increased both phospho-c-Myc and GRK4 expression.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	122-127
23509080-3	2013	Addition of phorbol esters to RPTCs not only increased c-Myc binding to the GRK4 promoter but also increased both phospho-c-Myc and GRK4 expression.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4	Homo sapiens	132-136
23509080-4	2013	The phorbol ester-mediated increase in GRK4 expression was completely blocked by the c-Myc inhibitor, 10074-G5, indicating that GRK4 is downstream of phospho-c-Myc.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4	Homo sapiens	39-43
23509080-4	2013	The phorbol ester-mediated increase in GRK4 expression was completely blocked by the c-Myc inhibitor, 10074-G5, indicating that GRK4 is downstream of phospho-c-Myc.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	85-90
23509080-4	2013	The phorbol ester-mediated increase in GRK4 expression was completely blocked by the c-Myc inhibitor, 10074-G5, indicating that GRK4 is downstream of phospho-c-Myc.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4	Homo sapiens	128-132
23509080-4	2013	The phorbol ester-mediated increase in GRK4 expression was completely blocked by the c-Myc inhibitor, 10074-G5, indicating that GRK4 is downstream of phospho-c-Myc.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	158-163
23510743-9	2013	Thus agonist-induced uncoupling of the 5-HT1A-receptor is PKC-dependent, but requires a different set of phosphorylation sites than phorbol ester-mediated PKC activation, suggesting differential recruitment of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	39-54
23283232-11	2012	Cyclopropylmethanol inhibited phorbol-ester-induced PKCdelta activity, but failed to do so in PKCdelta containing the Tyr-236-Phe mutation.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	52-60
23404426-6	2013	In addition, no significant difference in c-Jun mRNA and protein levels was detected in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435 cells stimulated by TAM for 48 h. TAM treatment of MCF-7 cells activated the transcriptional activity of AP-1, which responds specifically to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	251-264	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	214-218
23195223-9	2013	One mechanism was dependent upon RACK2/beta"-COP while a second was RACK2/beta"-COP-independent and stimulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	COPI coat complex subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	74-83
23359281-7	2013	Thrombin, like the phorbol esters, induced a strong Ca(2+) sensitization that was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor GF-109203X and also potentiated airway contraction to membrane depolarization with KCl.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	0-8
23270716-7	2013	Moreover, cell-permeable second messenger analogs phorbol ester (10(-7) M) and 8-bromo cAMP (10(-7) M) mimicked the effects of phenylephrine and metaproterenol on L-ascorbic acid-induced ERK2 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	mitogen activated protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-191
23289588-8	2013	All five full-length PKCtheta mutants exhibited reduced phorbol-ester-induced membrane translocation compared with the wild-type.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	protein kinase C theta	Canis lupus familiaris	21-29
23322905-6	2013	In response to phorbol ester-induced inflammation, mice deficient in matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) showed reduced accumulation of serum proteins in the skin and exhibited different proteolytic networks from those of wild-type mice.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	69-95
23322905-6	2013	In response to phorbol ester-induced inflammation, mice deficient in matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) showed reduced accumulation of serum proteins in the skin and exhibited different proteolytic networks from those of wild-type mice.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	97-101
22566126-10	2013	However, PKCdelta may already be mostly active in unfertilized eggs, since phorbol esters were effective at stimulating deltaCKAR only after fertilization, and the PKCdelta-specific inhibitor, rottlerin, decreased the CKAR signals in unfertilized eggs.	Phorbol Esters	75-89	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	9-17
23066093-7	2013	AM251 induced SUMO-2,3 incorporation in ERRalpha in conjunction with increased protein kinase C activity, whose activation by phorbol ester also promoted ERRalpha protein loss.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	estrogen related receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	40-48
23066093-7	2013	AM251 induced SUMO-2,3 incorporation in ERRalpha in conjunction with increased protein kinase C activity, whose activation by phorbol ester also promoted ERRalpha protein loss.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	estrogen related receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	154-162
23355903-5	2013	However, decreasing the oxygen tension to 5% O2 significantly increased the rate of phorbol ester-induced differentiation of THP-1 cells into macrophage-like cells as well as the metabolic activity of both undifferentiated and PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	125-130
22971575-2	2012	Previously, we have shown that skin-specific loss of fak prevents chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in mice following phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	53-56
22971575-3	2012	In this study, we show that skin-specific deletion of fak prevents mobilization of stem cells within the bulge region of the hair follicle, which are the precursors of papillomas following phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	54-57
22971575-6	2012	We show that FAK is required for the nuclear localization of beta-catenin in the skin following phorbol ester treatment and the transcriptional activation of the beta-catenin target gene c-Myc.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	13-16
22971575-6	2012	We show that FAK is required for the nuclear localization of beta-catenin in the skin following phorbol ester treatment and the transcriptional activation of the beta-catenin target gene c-Myc.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	61-73
22388989-0	2012	Phorbol ester or epidermal growth-factor-induced MUC5AC mucin gene expression and production from airway epithelial cells are inhibited by apigenin and wogonin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	49-55
22192339-8	2012	H4K16bio was also enriched in the repressed interleukin-2 gene promoter in human lymphoid cells; transcriptional activation of the interleukin-2 gene by mitogens and phorbol esters coincided with a depletion of the H4K16bio mark at the gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	44-57
22192339-8	2012	H4K16bio was also enriched in the repressed interleukin-2 gene promoter in human lymphoid cells; transcriptional activation of the interleukin-2 gene by mitogens and phorbol esters coincided with a depletion of the H4K16bio mark at the gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	131-144
22851303-4	2012	Time course studies demonstrated that peak surface expression of CD40L by CD4(+) T cells after anti-CD3/CD28 or phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io) occurred 8 h post activation.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	CD40 ligand	Mus musculus	65-70
22851303-4	2012	Time course studies demonstrated that peak surface expression of CD40L by CD4(+) T cells after anti-CD3/CD28 or phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io) occurred 8 h post activation.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	65-68
23197040-1	2012	Protein kinase C (PKC) has been a tantalizing target for drug discovery ever since it was first identified as the receptor for the tumour promoter phorbol ester in 1982.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
23197040-1	2012	Protein kinase C (PKC) has been a tantalizing target for drug discovery ever since it was first identified as the receptor for the tumour promoter phorbol ester in 1982.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
22388989-0	2012	Phorbol ester or epidermal growth-factor-induced MUC5AC mucin gene expression and production from airway epithelial cells are inhibited by apigenin and wogonin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	56-61
22940786-0	2012	Enhanced histamine production through the induction of histidine decarboxylase             expression by phorbol ester in Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	histidine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	55-78
22988234-4	2012	Specifically, we show that PKCdelta interacts with mitochondria following stimulation with phorbol esters or, in L6 myocytes, with insulin via a mechanism that requires two steps.	Phorbol Esters	91-105	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	27-35
22988234-7	2012	In contrast, of these determinants, only the C1B domain is required for the phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of PKCdelta to other membranes.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	118-126
22846993-4	2012	Phorbol esters and Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation acutely decreased both native and recombinant KCNK3 currents with concomitant KCNK3 surface losses in cerebellar granule neurons and cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 3	Homo sapiens	124-129
22814762-6	2012	As mammalian homologue of Caenorhabditis elegans unc-13-1 (Munc13-1) is a phorbol ester substrate, phorbol ester could partially rescue biphasic GSIS in Munc13-1-deficient beta cells by enhancing recruitment of short-dock newcomer granules for exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	59-67
22814762-6	2012	As mammalian homologue of Caenorhabditis elegans unc-13-1 (Munc13-1) is a phorbol ester substrate, phorbol ester could partially rescue biphasic GSIS in Munc13-1-deficient beta cells by enhancing recruitment of short-dock newcomer granules for exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	59-67
22814762-6	2012	As mammalian homologue of Caenorhabditis elegans unc-13-1 (Munc13-1) is a phorbol ester substrate, phorbol ester could partially rescue biphasic GSIS in Munc13-1-deficient beta cells by enhancing recruitment of short-dock newcomer granules for exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	153-161
22814762-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Phorbol ester and GLP-1 potentiation of biphasic GSIS are brought about by recruitment of distinct populations of newcomer granules for exocytosis, which may be mediated by Munc13-1 interaction with syntaxin-SNARE complexes other than that formed by syntaxin-1A.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	201-209
22445722-4	2012	Both AP-1 and NFAT activity were reduced in TIM-3-expressing cells stimulated with a phorbol ester and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	5-9
22445722-4	2012	Both AP-1 and NFAT activity were reduced in TIM-3-expressing cells stimulated with a phorbol ester and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
22696070-2	2012	The present study was performed to investigate whether there is any interaction between proteases and phorbol ester in IL-6 release.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	119-123
22871965-0	2012	Phorbol esters enhance 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-regulated 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) gene expression through ERK-mediated phosphorylation of specific protein 3 (Sp3) in Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	99-106
22871965-0	2012	Phorbol esters enhance 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-regulated 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) gene expression through ERK-mediated phosphorylation of specific protein 3 (Sp3) in Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
22871965-0	2012	Phorbol esters enhance 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-regulated 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) gene expression through ERK-mediated phosphorylation of specific protein 3 (Sp3) in Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	164-182
22871965-0	2012	Phorbol esters enhance 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-regulated 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) gene expression through ERK-mediated phosphorylation of specific protein 3 (Sp3) in Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	184-187
22846993-4	2012	Phorbol esters and Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation acutely decreased both native and recombinant KCNK3 currents with concomitant KCNK3 surface losses in cerebellar granule neurons and cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 3	Homo sapiens	156-161
22964499-0	2012	Phorbol esters from Jatropha meal triggered apoptosis, activated PKC-delta, caspase-3 proteins and down-regulated the proto-oncogenes in MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	76-85
22892130-1	2012	Protein kinase C (PKC) is the receptor for tumor promoting phorbol esters, which are potent activators of conventional and novel PKCs, but persistent treatment with phorbol esters leads to downregulation of these PKCs.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
22892130-1	2012	Protein kinase C (PKC) is the receptor for tumor promoting phorbol esters, which are potent activators of conventional and novel PKCs, but persistent treatment with phorbol esters leads to downregulation of these PKCs.	Phorbol Esters	165-179	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
22964499-8	2012	These changes probably led to the activation of Caspase-3 protein and apoptosis cell death occurred in MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines upon 24 h treatment with PEs and PMA.	Phorbol Esters	154-157	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	48-57
22892130-2	2012	However, PKCeta, a novel PKC isozyme, resists downregulation by tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but little is known about how PKCeta level is regulated.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	9-12
22736279-7	2012	We have observed that the production of soluble hCLEC-2 could be induced by phorbol ester (PMA) in cells stably transfected with hCLEC-2 cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	C-type lectin domain family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	48-55
22609963-9	2012	We found that diacylglycerol and phorbol ester stimulate the accumulation of the GTP-bound form of Rab3A.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	99-104
22683840-8	2012	By comparison, phorbol ester treatment increased transporter colocalization with early endosome antigen 1 and Rab 7 in a time-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	110-115
22722938-5	2012	Basal phosphorylation of Thr(53) occurred with a stoichiometry of ~50% and was strongly increased by phorbol esters and protein phosphatase inhibitors, demonstrating modulation of the site by signaling pathways that impact DAT activity.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	223-226
22736279-7	2012	We have observed that the production of soluble hCLEC-2 could be induced by phorbol ester (PMA) in cells stably transfected with hCLEC-2 cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	C-type lectin domain family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	129-136
22716246-8	2012	Although the skin of Mgat5(-/-) mice appeared normal, epidermal hyperplasia and proliferation of keratinocytes induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) were downregulated in these mutants.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	mannoside acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5	Mus musculus	21-26
22607136-0	2012	Involvement of CD11b integrin in the alteration of metabolic factors after phorbol ester stimulation of human myeloid leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	15-20
22607136-1	2012	Previous work has demonstrated that phorbol ester (TPA)-induced adherence of human U937 myeloid leukemia cells can be blocked upon down-modulation of the beta2-integrin CD11b after stable transfection of U937 cells with a pMTH1 vector-containing the CD11b gene in antisense orientation (asCD11b-U937) [Otte et al., (2011)].	Phorbol Esters	36-49	tubulin beta 4B class IVb	Homo sapiens	154-159
22607136-1	2012	Previous work has demonstrated that phorbol ester (TPA)-induced adherence of human U937 myeloid leukemia cells can be blocked upon down-modulation of the beta2-integrin CD11b after stable transfection of U937 cells with a pMTH1 vector-containing the CD11b gene in antisense orientation (asCD11b-U937) [Otte et al., (2011)].	Phorbol Esters	36-49	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	169-174
22607136-1	2012	Previous work has demonstrated that phorbol ester (TPA)-induced adherence of human U937 myeloid leukemia cells can be blocked upon down-modulation of the beta2-integrin CD11b after stable transfection of U937 cells with a pMTH1 vector-containing the CD11b gene in antisense orientation (asCD11b-U937) [Otte et al., (2011)].	Phorbol Esters	36-49	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	250-255
22561169-0	2012	Manganese promotes phorbol ester-induced interleukin-2 production via AP-1 activation in Jurkat T-cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	41-54
22561169-0	2012	Manganese promotes phorbol ester-induced interleukin-2 production via AP-1 activation in Jurkat T-cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	70-74
22526622-8	2012	Because a phorbol ester treatment of PC3 cells stimulated Ecrg4 release from, and processing at, the cell surface, these data are consistent with a multifunctional role for Ecrg4 that is dependent on its cell of origin and the molecular form produced.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	chromobox 8	Homo sapiens	37-40
22526622-8	2012	Because a phorbol ester treatment of PC3 cells stimulated Ecrg4 release from, and processing at, the cell surface, these data are consistent with a multifunctional role for Ecrg4 that is dependent on its cell of origin and the molecular form produced.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	ECRG4 augurin precursor	Homo sapiens	58-63
22526622-8	2012	Because a phorbol ester treatment of PC3 cells stimulated Ecrg4 release from, and processing at, the cell surface, these data are consistent with a multifunctional role for Ecrg4 that is dependent on its cell of origin and the molecular form produced.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	ECRG4 augurin precursor	Homo sapiens	173-178
22311617-9	2012	In addition, PKD2-deficient lymphocytes, as well as DT40 cells devoid of any PKD isoforms, could activate Rap1 in response to B-cell receptor ligation or phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	13-16
22249765-0	2012	Classic 18.5- and 21.5-kDa myelin basic protein isoforms associate with cytoskeletal and SH3-domain proteins in the immortalized N19-oligodendroglial cell line stimulated by phorbol ester and IGF-1.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	27-47
24278597-8	2012	[(3)H] Phorbol ester binding assay also revealed structure-dependent increase similar to translocation of PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	106-109
22301620-10	2012	When PKC was directly activated using a phorbol ester, total UT-A1 phosphorylation increased, but phosphorylation at serine 486 was not increased, indicating that PKC did not phosphorylate UT-A1 at the same residue as PKA.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	5-8
22561015-6	2012	Immunocytochemistry experiments showed a transfer of PKCalpha to plasma membrane upon phorbol ester activation and co-localization with ATB(0,+).	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	53-61
22311617-9	2012	In addition, PKD2-deficient lymphocytes, as well as DT40 cells devoid of any PKD isoforms, could activate Rap1 in response to B-cell receptor ligation or phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	TERF2 interacting protein	Gallus gallus	106-110
21984596-9	2012	When AFAPDeltaABD-transfected cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, they formed podosome-like structures with larger sizes, less numerous and longer life span, in comparison with wild-type AFAP-transfected cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	actin filament associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	5-9
22116551-6	2012	Accordingly, Ba/F3 cells transduced with RasGRP1 survived longer under growth factor withdrawal or phorbol ester stimulation than those transduced with RasGRP4, presumably due to the efficient activation of Ras.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	41-48
22318721-3	2012	Here we show that the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 provides a timer for the lifetime of conventional PKC isozymes, converting the enzymes into a species that can be dephosphorylated and ubiquitinated following activation induced by either phorbol esters or natural agonists.	Phorbol Esters	241-255	peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
22351766-0	2012	Molecular basis for failure of "atypical" C1 domain of Vav1 to bind diacylglycerol/phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
22351766-6	2012	Reciprocally, replacing these incompatible residues in the Vav1 C1 domain with the corresponding residues from PKCdelta C1b (deltaC1b) conferred high potency for phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
22351766-6	2012	Reciprocally, replacing these incompatible residues in the Vav1 C1 domain with the corresponding residues from PKCdelta C1b (deltaC1b) conferred high potency for phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	111-119
22228765-1	2012	The members of the protein kinase D (PKD) family of serine/threonine kinases are major targets for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, G protein-coupled receptors, and activated protein kinase C isoforms (PKCs).	Phorbol Esters	115-129	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	19-35
22301880-1	2012	Diacylglycerol (DAG), phorbol esters and others act as ligands for the C1 domain of PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	84-87
22301880-3	2012	To understand the importance of two hydroxyl groups of phorbol esters in PKC binding and to develop effective PKC activators, we synthesized DAG like diacyltetrols (DATs) and studied binding affinities with C1b subdomains of PKCdelta and PKCtheta.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	73-76
22301880-7	2012	Molecular docking of DATs (1b-4b) with PKCdelta C1b showed that the DATs form hydrogen bonds with the polar residues and backbone of the protein, at the same binding site, as that of DAG and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	191-205	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	39-47
22311984-7	2012	Exogenous expression of PRIP accelerated the dephosphorylation process of phosphorylated SNAP-25 after forskolin or phorbol ester treatment of the cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	nuclear receptor coactivator 6	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
22311984-7	2012	Exogenous expression of PRIP accelerated the dephosphorylation process of phosphorylated SNAP-25 after forskolin or phorbol ester treatment of the cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	synaptosome associated protein 25	Rattus norvegicus	89-96
22311984-8	2012	The phospho-states of SNAP-25 were correlated with noradrenalin secretion, which was enhanced by forskolin or phorbol ester treatment and modulated by PRIP expression in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	synaptosome associated protein 25	Rattus norvegicus	22-29
22230807-6	2012	In addition, the phorbol ester PMA alone or in combination with ionomycin induced a stronger increase in threonine phosphorylation of S100A9 in SLE than in Normal PBMCs, while the same stimuli caused the opposite effect on phosphorylation and activation of Erk1/2, suggesting the existence of an abnormal S100A9 signaling in SLE PBMCs.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	S100 calcium binding protein A9	Homo sapiens	134-140
22230807-6	2012	In addition, the phorbol ester PMA alone or in combination with ionomycin induced a stronger increase in threonine phosphorylation of S100A9 in SLE than in Normal PBMCs, while the same stimuli caused the opposite effect on phosphorylation and activation of Erk1/2, suggesting the existence of an abnormal S100A9 signaling in SLE PBMCs.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	257-263
22230807-6	2012	In addition, the phorbol ester PMA alone or in combination with ionomycin induced a stronger increase in threonine phosphorylation of S100A9 in SLE than in Normal PBMCs, while the same stimuli caused the opposite effect on phosphorylation and activation of Erk1/2, suggesting the existence of an abnormal S100A9 signaling in SLE PBMCs.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	S100 calcium binding protein A9	Homo sapiens	305-311
22414757-6	2012	The molecular docking analysis with PKCdelta and PKCtheta C1b subdomains revealed that the alkyl cinnamates form hydrogen bond with the backbone of the protein at the same binding site as that of diacylglycerol and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	215-229	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	36-44
22169010-5	2012	This notion was also suggested by the experiments in which stimulation of PKC with phorbol ester derivative mimicked the effect of ANG II and increased amiloride-sensitive Na currents in the principal cell, an effect that was not abolished by treatment of the CCD with BAPTA-AM.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	131-137
22228765-1	2012	The members of the protein kinase D (PKD) family of serine/threonine kinases are major targets for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, G protein-coupled receptors, and activated protein kinase C isoforms (PKCs).	Phorbol Esters	115-129	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	37-40
22181070-0	2012	Phloretin inhibits phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin: extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB as potential targets.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	75-91
22328509-10	2012	By contrast, CD151 knockdown cell alpha6 integrin is sensitive to actin disruption but desensitized to talin knockdown or phorbol ester stimulation, indicating dysregulation.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	CD151 molecule (Raph blood group)	Homo sapiens	13-18
22328509-12	2012	By contrast, CD151-ablated cells retain EGF effects but lose phorbol-ester-stimulated spreading and alpha6 RCD.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	CD151 molecule (Raph blood group)	Homo sapiens	13-18
22223848-2	2012	Phorbol esters are known to stimulate PAF production.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	patchy fur	Mus musculus	38-41
22223848-4	2012	We therefore examined whether PAF acts as a mediator of phorbol ester-induced inflammation and tumorigenesis.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	patchy fur	Mus musculus	30-33
22114204-5	2012	A recent study reported that a phorbol ester inhibits NCC function via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 kinase.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	85-132
22181070-0	2012	Phloretin inhibits phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin: extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB as potential targets.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	107-144
22188018-0	2012	Rab11 is phosphorylated by classical and novel protein kinase C isoenzymes upon sustained phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	0-5
22188018-4	2012	RESULTS: Sustained phorbol ester stimulation induces the translocation of the classical PKCalpha and PKCbetaII isoenzymes to the ERC enriched in Rab11, and results in transferrin recycling inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	88-96
22188018-4	2012	RESULTS: Sustained phorbol ester stimulation induces the translocation of the classical PKCalpha and PKCbetaII isoenzymes to the ERC enriched in Rab11, and results in transferrin recycling inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	145-150
22188018-4	2012	RESULTS: Sustained phorbol ester stimulation induces the translocation of the classical PKCalpha and PKCbetaII isoenzymes to the ERC enriched in Rab11, and results in transferrin recycling inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	transferrin	Homo sapiens	167-178
22188018-7	2012	In this report, we show that Rab11 appears phosphorylated in vivo in phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	29-34
22194464-6	2012	We found that overexpression of SMYD3 was sufficient to induce MMP-9 expression in transformed leukocytes and fibrosarcoma cells and that proinflammatory phorbol esters further enhanced this effect.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	SET and MYND domain containing 3	Danio rerio	32-37
21448919-4	2012	By contrast, PKC activation by the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) elicited MARCKS phosphorylation which lasted more than 10  min.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	90-96
22095874-1	2012	The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases has been intensively studied in cancer since their discovery as major receptors for the tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	4-20
22431919-7	2012	BCAR1 messenger RNA and p130(Cas) protein were upregulated by phorbol esters following the kinetics of late response genes in MCF-7 but not in TAM-R cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member	Homo sapiens	0-5
22431919-7	2012	BCAR1 messenger RNA and p130(Cas) protein were upregulated by phorbol esters following the kinetics of late response genes in MCF-7 but not in TAM-R cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
22065579-12	2012	IGF-1 and phorbol ester increased hBVR/PKCdelta binding; hBVR was required for the activation of PKCdelta and its interaction with ERK2.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	34-38
22065579-12	2012	IGF-1 and phorbol ester increased hBVR/PKCdelta binding; hBVR was required for the activation of PKCdelta and its interaction with ERK2.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	39-47
22065579-12	2012	IGF-1 and phorbol ester increased hBVR/PKCdelta binding; hBVR was required for the activation of PKCdelta and its interaction with ERK2.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	97-105
22065579-12	2012	IGF-1 and phorbol ester increased hBVR/PKCdelta binding; hBVR was required for the activation of PKCdelta and its interaction with ERK2.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
22065579-16	2012	Phorbol ester- and TNF-alpha-dependent activation of the ERK-regulated transcription factors Elk1 and NF-kappaB and expression of the iNOS gene were suppressed by hBVR siRNA; those activities were rescued by hBVR.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
22065579-16	2012	Phorbol ester- and TNF-alpha-dependent activation of the ERK-regulated transcription factors Elk1 and NF-kappaB and expression of the iNOS gene were suppressed by hBVR siRNA; those activities were rescued by hBVR.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ETS transcription factor ELK1	Homo sapiens	93-97
22065579-16	2012	Phorbol ester- and TNF-alpha-dependent activation of the ERK-regulated transcription factors Elk1 and NF-kappaB and expression of the iNOS gene were suppressed by hBVR siRNA; those activities were rescued by hBVR.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	134-138
22065579-16	2012	Phorbol ester- and TNF-alpha-dependent activation of the ERK-regulated transcription factors Elk1 and NF-kappaB and expression of the iNOS gene were suppressed by hBVR siRNA; those activities were rescued by hBVR.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	163-167
22065579-16	2012	Phorbol ester- and TNF-alpha-dependent activation of the ERK-regulated transcription factors Elk1 and NF-kappaB and expression of the iNOS gene were suppressed by hBVR siRNA; those activities were rescued by hBVR.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	biliverdin reductase A	Homo sapiens	208-212
22938493-0	2012	Phorbol ester TPA modulates chemoresistance in the drug sensitive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by inducing expression of drug efflux transporter ABCG2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	146-151
22095874-1	2012	The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases has been intensively studied in cancer since their discovery as major receptors for the tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
23300800-0	2012	Butyrate produced by commensal bacteria potentiates phorbol esters induced AP-1 response in human intestinal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	75-79
21937508-3	2012	Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that H2A.Z was enriched at previously characterized u-PAR-regulatory regions (promoter and a downstream enhancer) and dissociates upon activation of gene expression by phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	214-227	H2A.Z variant histone 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
22662209-7	2012	In cells isolated from non-pregnant uteri, COX-2 expression--both mRNA and protein--was induced by co-stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (PIo), as well as by angiotensin II.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	43-48
21864610-3	2011	In the present work, by stably expressing three N-terminus GlyT1 isoforms in porcine aortic endothelial cells and assaying for [(32)P]-orthophosphate metabolic labeling, we demonstrated that the isoforms GlyT1a, GlyT1b, and GlyT1c were constitutively phosphorylated, and that phosphorylation was dramatically enhanced, in a time dependent fashion, after PKC activation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	372-385	solute carrier family 6 member 9	Homo sapiens	59-64
22235284-2	2012	Tie1 undergoes regulated ectodomain cleavage in response to phorbol esters, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha).	Phorbol Esters	60-74	tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin like and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22235284-3	2012	Recently phorbol esters and VEGF were found also to stimulate ectodomain cleavage of Tie2.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	TEK receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	85-89
22235284-5	2012	We find that phorbol ester and VEGF activated Tie1 cleavage within minutes followed by restoration to control levels by 24 h. However, several hours of PMA and VEGF treatment were needed to elicit a detectable decrease in cellular Tie2, with complete loss seen at 24 h of PMA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin like and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
22235284-5	2012	We find that phorbol ester and VEGF activated Tie1 cleavage within minutes followed by restoration to control levels by 24 h. However, several hours of PMA and VEGF treatment were needed to elicit a detectable decrease in cellular Tie2, with complete loss seen at 24 h of PMA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	160-164
22235284-5	2012	We find that phorbol ester and VEGF activated Tie1 cleavage within minutes followed by restoration to control levels by 24 h. However, several hours of PMA and VEGF treatment were needed to elicit a detectable decrease in cellular Tie2, with complete loss seen at 24 h of PMA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	TEK receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	231-235
22108055-4	2011	Differentiation and maturation into macrophages on treatment with phorbol ester were facilitated by knockdown of IVC-PLA(2) without the compensatory induction of mRNA expression for other group IV and VI PLA(2)s.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	117-122
21864610-4	2011	The phosphorylation was PKC-dependent, since pre-incubation of the cells with bisindolylmaleimide I, a selective PKC inhibitor, abolished the phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	113-116
21864610-7	2011	Furthermore, pre-incubation of the cells with the selective PKCalpha/beta inhibitor Go6976 abolished the downregulation effect of phorbol ester on uptake and phosphorylation, whereas the selective PKCbeta inhibitors (PKCbeta inhibitor or LY333531) prevented the phosphorylation without affecting glycine uptake, defining a specific role of classical PKC on GlyT1 uptake and phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	60-73
21864610-7	2011	Furthermore, pre-incubation of the cells with the selective PKCalpha/beta inhibitor Go6976 abolished the downregulation effect of phorbol ester on uptake and phosphorylation, whereas the selective PKCbeta inhibitors (PKCbeta inhibitor or LY333531) prevented the phosphorylation without affecting glycine uptake, defining a specific role of classical PKC on GlyT1 uptake and phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	217-224
22006917-5	2011	Here, we report that serine 44 in the N-terminal head domain of K17 (K17-Ser(44)) is phosphorylated in response to extracellular stimuli (serum, EGF, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) that alter skin keratinocyte growth, and to cellular stresses (sorbitol-induced hyperosmotic shock, UV irradiation, and hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress).	Phorbol Esters	158-171	keratin 17	Mus musculus	64-67
22006917-5	2011	Here, we report that serine 44 in the N-terminal head domain of K17 (K17-Ser(44)) is phosphorylated in response to extracellular stimuli (serum, EGF, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) that alter skin keratinocyte growth, and to cellular stresses (sorbitol-induced hyperosmotic shock, UV irradiation, and hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress).	Phorbol Esters	158-171	keratin 17	Mus musculus	69-80
21862019-7	2011	Activation of cultured smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells with phorbol ester and ionophore also decreased TGF-beta expression.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	113-121
21400615-0	2011	5"-Nitro-indirubinoxime inhibits epidermal growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced AP-1 activity and cell transformation through inhibition of phosphorylation of Pin1.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	84-88
21400615-0	2011	5"-Nitro-indirubinoxime inhibits epidermal growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced AP-1 activity and cell transformation through inhibition of phosphorylation of Pin1.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Mus musculus	163-167
21864610-7	2011	Furthermore, pre-incubation of the cells with the selective PKCalpha/beta inhibitor Go6976 abolished the downregulation effect of phorbol ester on uptake and phosphorylation, whereas the selective PKCbeta inhibitors (PKCbeta inhibitor or LY333531) prevented the phosphorylation without affecting glycine uptake, defining a specific role of classical PKC on GlyT1 uptake and phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	60-63
21864610-4	2011	The phosphorylation was PKC-dependent, since pre-incubation of the cells with bisindolylmaleimide I, a selective PKC inhibitor, abolished the phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	24-27
21864610-7	2011	Furthermore, pre-incubation of the cells with the selective PKCalpha/beta inhibitor Go6976 abolished the downregulation effect of phorbol ester on uptake and phosphorylation, whereas the selective PKCbeta inhibitors (PKCbeta inhibitor or LY333531) prevented the phosphorylation without affecting glycine uptake, defining a specific role of classical PKC on GlyT1 uptake and phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	solute carrier family 6 member 9	Homo sapiens	357-362
21903576-6	2011	Finally, the PKC binding sites in SSeCKS were required to restore cell rounding and/or decreased apoptosis in phorbol ester-treated LNCaP, LNCaP-C4-2, and MAT-LyLu prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	A-kinase anchoring protein 12	Homo sapiens	34-40
21975931-4	2011	Gstp(-/-)/Tg.AC mice exposed to the proinflammatory phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) exhibited higher tumor incidence and multiplicity with a significant thickening of skin after treatment, illustrating hyperproliferative growth.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
21903576-0	2011	Control of protein kinase C activity, phorbol ester-induced cytoskeletal remodeling, and cell survival signals by the scaffolding protein SSeCKS/GRAVIN/AKAP12.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	A-kinase anchoring protein 12	Homo sapiens	152-158
21595773-4	2011	Treatment of esophageal cancer cell lines with the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13 dibutyrate led to a rapid and dramatic increase in the activation of protein kinase D.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	148-164
21903576-5	2011	SSeCKS-null mouse embryo fibroblasts displayed increased relative basal and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)-induced PKC activity but were defective in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced actin cytoskeletal reorganization and cell shape change; these responses could be rescued by the forced expression of full-length SSeCKS but not by an SSeCKS variant deleted of its PKC-binding domains.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein (gravin) 12	Mus musculus	0-6
21903576-5	2011	SSeCKS-null mouse embryo fibroblasts displayed increased relative basal and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)-induced PKC activity but were defective in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced actin cytoskeletal reorganization and cell shape change; these responses could be rescued by the forced expression of full-length SSeCKS but not by an SSeCKS variant deleted of its PKC-binding domains.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	132-135
21996372-2	2011	TRPV4 is also thermosensitive and responds to moderate heat (from 24 to 27  C) as well as to phorbol esters (4alpha-PDD) and several endogenous substances including arachidonic acid (AA), the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-AG, and cytochrome P-450 metabolites of AA, such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
21996372-2	2011	TRPV4 is also thermosensitive and responds to moderate heat (from 24 to 27  C) as well as to phorbol esters (4alpha-PDD) and several endogenous substances including arachidonic acid (AA), the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-AG, and cytochrome P-450 metabolites of AA, such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	234-250
21958527-10	2011	In vitro, TEM-7 was not detected in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) but was induced in endothelial precursor/progenitor cells (EPC) in the presence of the mitogen phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
22005268-2	2011	Using a mammalian cell model system to assess NCC function, we demonstrated previously that Ras guanyl releasing protein 1 (Ras-GRP1) mediates phorbol ester-induced suppression of the function and surface expression of NCC in a protein kinase C (PKC)-independent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	solute carrier family 12 member 3	Homo sapiens	46-49
22005268-2	2011	Using a mammalian cell model system to assess NCC function, we demonstrated previously that Ras guanyl releasing protein 1 (Ras-GRP1) mediates phorbol ester-induced suppression of the function and surface expression of NCC in a protein kinase C (PKC)-independent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	92-122
22005268-2	2011	Using a mammalian cell model system to assess NCC function, we demonstrated previously that Ras guanyl releasing protein 1 (Ras-GRP1) mediates phorbol ester-induced suppression of the function and surface expression of NCC in a protein kinase C (PKC)-independent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	124-132
22005268-2	2011	Using a mammalian cell model system to assess NCC function, we demonstrated previously that Ras guanyl releasing protein 1 (Ras-GRP1) mediates phorbol ester-induced suppression of the function and surface expression of NCC in a protein kinase C (PKC)-independent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	solute carrier family 12 member 3	Homo sapiens	219-222
22005268-2	2011	Using a mammalian cell model system to assess NCC function, we demonstrated previously that Ras guanyl releasing protein 1 (Ras-GRP1) mediates phorbol ester-induced suppression of the function and surface expression of NCC in a protein kinase C (PKC)-independent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	267-313
22005268-3	2011	Given that phorbol esters are functional analogs of diacylglycerol (DAG), this finding suggested a potential physiologic regulation of NCC by DAG.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	solute carrier family 12 member 3	Homo sapiens	135-138
21936573-2	2011	Crude MRPs derived from Glu-Lys showed the greatest capacity (P < 0.05) to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) production in interferon gamma and phorbol ester-induced Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	108-121
21936573-2	2011	Crude MRPs derived from Glu-Lys showed the greatest capacity (P < 0.05) to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) production in interferon gamma and phorbol ester-induced Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	123-127
21596133-7	2011	Conversely, PKC activator phorbol ester (PMA) enhanced the expression level of another ERRalpha-target gene pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	12-15
21880726-7	2011	Small interfering RNA-mediated suppression of Necl-2 expression enhanced the phorbol ester-induced disruption of the integrin alpha(6)beta(4) complex at hemidesmosomes, whereas expression of Necl-2 suppressed the disruption of this structure.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	46-52
21762940-2	2011	All compounds have proven to be effective, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the micromolar range, against bovine serum albumin carbonylation caused by hypochlorite, peroxynitrite, and phorbol ester-induced leukocyte oxidative burst.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	albumin	Homo sapiens	131-144
21939515-1	2011	Phorbol ester (TPA) treatment of human U937 myeloid leukemia cells is associated with increasing adherence and monocyte-like maturation whereby the role of beta2 integrin-mediated attachment for subsequent growth properties and the differentiation program remains unclear.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	156-161
21132404-3	2011	Interaction of novel and conventional isotypes of PKC with DAG and phorbol esters occurs through the two C1 regulatory domains (C1A and C1B), which exhibit distinct ligand binding selectivity that likely controls enzyme activation by different co-activators.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
21468691-0	2011	Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 is inducible by protein kinase Cdelta and contributes to phorbol ester-mediated G1 phase arrest through persistent JNK activation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	0-35
21468691-0	2011	Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 is inducible by protein kinase Cdelta and contributes to phorbol ester-mediated G1 phase arrest through persistent JNK activation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	52-73
21468691-0	2011	Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 is inducible by protein kinase Cdelta and contributes to phorbol ester-mediated G1 phase arrest through persistent JNK activation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	151-154
21468691-2	2011	Here we report that the expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 (ASK1) is inducible in a PKCdelta-dependent manner, and contributes to phorbol ester-induced cell cycle arrest through persistent JNK activation in breast cancer epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	38-73
21468691-2	2011	Here we report that the expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 (ASK1) is inducible in a PKCdelta-dependent manner, and contributes to phorbol ester-induced cell cycle arrest through persistent JNK activation in breast cancer epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	75-79
21468691-2	2011	Here we report that the expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 (ASK1) is inducible in a PKCdelta-dependent manner, and contributes to phorbol ester-induced cell cycle arrest through persistent JNK activation in breast cancer epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	99-107
21596133-7	2011	Conversely, PKC activator phorbol ester (PMA) enhanced the expression level of another ERRalpha-target gene pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	estrogen related receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	87-95
21596133-7	2011	Conversely, PKC activator phorbol ester (PMA) enhanced the expression level of another ERRalpha-target gene pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4	Homo sapiens	108-139
21468691-2	2011	Here we report that the expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 (ASK1) is inducible in a PKCdelta-dependent manner, and contributes to phorbol ester-induced cell cycle arrest through persistent JNK activation in breast cancer epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	204-207
21596133-7	2011	Conversely, PKC activator phorbol ester (PMA) enhanced the expression level of another ERRalpha-target gene pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4	Homo sapiens	141-145
21825134-3	2011	We report here that persistent activation of PKC family members by phorbol ester stimulation in cells leads to phosphorylation of two serine residues at analogous sites on both SH2 domains of p85alpha (S361 and S652).	Phorbol Esters	67-80	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	192-200
21659537-0	2011	Pharmacological and genetic evaluation of proposed roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p90(RSK) in the control of mTORC1 protein signaling by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	249-263	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	60-137
21659537-0	2011	Pharmacological and genetic evaluation of proposed roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p90(RSK) in the control of mTORC1 protein signaling by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	249-263	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	221-227
21659537-13	2011	Our data also reveal striking diversity in the requirements for MEK/ERK in the control of mTORC1 between different cell types, pointing to additional signaling connections between phorbol esters and mTORC1, which do not involve MEK/ERK.	Phorbol Esters	180-194	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	64-67
21659537-13	2011	Our data also reveal striking diversity in the requirements for MEK/ERK in the control of mTORC1 between different cell types, pointing to additional signaling connections between phorbol esters and mTORC1, which do not involve MEK/ERK.	Phorbol Esters	180-194	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	90-96
21665893-0	2011	A protein kinase C/protein kinase D pathway protects LNCaP prostate cancer cells from phorbol ester-induced apoptosis by promoting ERK1/2 and NF-{kappa}B activities.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	19-35
21665893-0	2011	A protein kinase C/protein kinase D pathway protects LNCaP prostate cancer cells from phorbol ester-induced apoptosis by promoting ERK1/2 and NF-{kappa}B activities.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	131-137
21665893-0	2011	A protein kinase C/protein kinase D pathway protects LNCaP prostate cancer cells from phorbol ester-induced apoptosis by promoting ERK1/2 and NF-{kappa}B activities.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	142-153
21750188-9	2011	MMP activation experiments using cultured corneal and epidermal keratinocytes showed reduced levels of alpha6beta4 and beta1 integrins within 20 minutes of phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	0-3
21483445-3	2011	Here, we used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to examine lytic granules labeled with fluorescently tagged Fas ligand (FasL) in the NK cell line NKL stimulated with phorbol ester and ionomycin and in primary NK cells activated by physiological receptor-ligand interactions.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	124-134
21483445-3	2011	Here, we used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to examine lytic granules labeled with fluorescently tagged Fas ligand (FasL) in the NK cell line NKL stimulated with phorbol ester and ionomycin and in primary NK cells activated by physiological receptor-ligand interactions.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	136-140
21750188-9	2011	MMP activation experiments using cultured corneal and epidermal keratinocytes showed reduced levels of alpha6beta4 and beta1 integrins within 20 minutes of phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	hemoglobin, beta adult major chain	Mus musculus	119-124
21642422-6	2011	Whereas PKD activation is required for HDAC5 nuclear export induced by unprocessed PKCs activated by phorbol ester, PKCalpha-CT directly drives HDAC cytosolic relocalization.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	8-11
21674479-4	2011	Here, we show that ST2(-/-) mice exhibit reduced cutaneous inflammatory responses compared with WT mice in a phorbol ester-induced model of skin inflammation.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 1 receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	19-22
21596928-10	2011	Iloprost-induced suppression of PAR-3 was reversed with a myristoylated inhibitor of protein kinase A and mimicked by phorbol ester, an inducer of cyclooxygenase-2.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	coagulation factor II thrombin receptor like 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
21596928-10	2011	Iloprost-induced suppression of PAR-3 was reversed with a myristoylated inhibitor of protein kinase A and mimicked by phorbol ester, an inducer of cyclooxygenase-2.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	147-163
21642422-6	2011	Whereas PKD activation is required for HDAC5 nuclear export induced by unprocessed PKCs activated by phorbol ester, PKCalpha-CT directly drives HDAC cytosolic relocalization.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	histone deacetylase 5	Homo sapiens	39-44
21576361-5	2011	To unravel the effects of signal transduction to eIF4G on translation, we used specific activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-Ras-Erk signaling with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
21763496-8	2011	We show that the activation of viral replication by phorbol ester in latently infected monocytic cells requires the posttranscriptional induction of NF90 and cyclin T1, implicating NF90 in protein kinase C signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin enhancer binding factor 3	Homo sapiens	149-153
21763496-8	2011	We show that the activation of viral replication by phorbol ester in latently infected monocytic cells requires the posttranscriptional induction of NF90 and cyclin T1, implicating NF90 in protein kinase C signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	cyclin T1	Homo sapiens	158-167
21763496-8	2011	We show that the activation of viral replication by phorbol ester in latently infected monocytic cells requires the posttranscriptional induction of NF90 and cyclin T1, implicating NF90 in protein kinase C signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin enhancer binding factor 3	Homo sapiens	181-185
21493730-2	2011	Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca(2+)-permeable channel that is activated by extracellular hypotonicity, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phorbol esters, and elevated temperature.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	0-40
21493730-2	2011	Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a Ca(2+)-permeable channel that is activated by extracellular hypotonicity, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phorbol esters, and elevated temperature.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	42-47
21493730-4	2011	Specific activation of TRPV4 by the phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4alpha-PDD) increased intracellular Ca(2+) in a subset of HET-1A cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	23-28
21576361-5	2011	To unravel the effects of signal transduction to eIF4G on translation, we used specific activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-Ras-Erk signaling with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	120-123
21576361-5	2011	To unravel the effects of signal transduction to eIF4G on translation, we used specific activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-Ras-Erk signaling with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
21610093-0	2011	PLD1 rather than PLD2 regulates phorbol-ester-, adhesion-dependent and Fc{gamma}-receptor-stimulated ROS production in neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	phospholipase D1	Mus musculus	0-4
21610093-5	2011	We show that PLD1 is a regulator of phorbol-ester-, chemoattractant, adhesion-dependent and Fcgamma-receptor-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	phospholipase D1	Mus musculus	13-17
21563828-6	2011	The observation of the shedding profiles of ACE2 mutants expressing CHO-K1 and CHO-P cells indicates that the Arg(708)   Glu(708) mutation and the Arg(708)Arg(710)   Glu(708)Glu(710) double mutation produced increases in the amount of ACE2 shed when stimulated by phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	264-277	angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	Cricetulus griseus	44-48
21146382-0	2011	Inhibition of airway MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression induced by epidermal growth factor or phorbol ester by glycyrrhizin and carbenoxolone.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	21-27
21146382-0	2011	Inhibition of airway MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression induced by epidermal growth factor or phorbol ester by glycyrrhizin and carbenoxolone.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	28-33
21376038-6	2011	Medium conditioned by growth of phorbol ester-stimulated, immortalized lamina propria-derived cells (LP(Imm)) significantly increases the percentage of Neurog1eGFP(+) progenitors and immature neurons in spheres.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	neurogenin 1	Mus musculus	152-159
21488857-6	2011	Forced expression of LAT2 in Kasumi-1 cells resulted in a striking block of ATRA- and phorbol ester-induced differentiation, implicating disturbances of the graded expression of this adaptor molecule in the maturation block of myeloid leukaemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	linker for activation of T cells family member 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
21454713-7	2011	Treatment of HepG2 cells with potent inflammation-inducing phorbol esters or overexpression of PKCalpha was associated with a marked inhibition of apoM gene expression in a c-Jun/JunB-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	apolipoprotein M	Homo sapiens	147-151
21454713-7	2011	Treatment of HepG2 cells with potent inflammation-inducing phorbol esters or overexpression of PKCalpha was associated with a marked inhibition of apoM gene expression in a c-Jun/JunB-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	173-178
21454713-7	2011	Treatment of HepG2 cells with potent inflammation-inducing phorbol esters or overexpression of PKCalpha was associated with a marked inhibition of apoM gene expression in a c-Jun/JunB-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	179-183
21321537-2	2011	We previously demonstrated that PLCe has an important role in the development of phorbol ester-induced skin inflammation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	phospholipase C, epsilon 1	Mus musculus	32-36
21252239-3	2011	Here, we report the first PKC isozyme-specific analysis of global gene expression by microarray using RNAi depletion of diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-regulated PKCs.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	26-29
21442679-2	2011	suppress epidermal growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression from human airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	60-66
21442679-2	2011	suppress epidermal growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression from human airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	67-72
20419390-6	2011	The phorbol ester-triggered differentiation was proven by the increased expression of surface markers as phosphatidylserine and CD14 and enhanced lysosomal activity.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	128-132
21269271-5	2011	We find that WT1 and BASP1 can divert the differentiation programme of K562 cells to a non-blood cell type following induction by the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	WT1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	13-16
21269271-5	2011	We find that WT1 and BASP1 can divert the differentiation programme of K562 cells to a non-blood cell type following induction by the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	brain abundant membrane attached signal protein 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
21252239-4	2011	A thorough analysis of this microarray data revealed unique patterns of gene expression controlled by PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon, which are remarkably different in cells growing in serum or in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	102-110
21252239-4	2011	A thorough analysis of this microarray data revealed unique patterns of gene expression controlled by PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon, which are remarkably different in cells growing in serum or in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	112-120
21252239-4	2011	A thorough analysis of this microarray data revealed unique patterns of gene expression controlled by PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon, which are remarkably different in cells growing in serum or in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	126-136
21252239-5	2011	PKCdelta is the most relevant isoform in controlling the induction of genes by phorbol ester stimulation, whereas PKCepsilon predominantly regulates gene expression in serum.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-8
21252239-6	2011	We also established that two PKCdelta-regulated genes, FOSL1 and BCL2A1, mediate the apoptotic effect of phorbol esters or the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide in prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	29-37
21252239-6	2011	We also established that two PKCdelta-regulated genes, FOSL1 and BCL2A1, mediate the apoptotic effect of phorbol esters or the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide in prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	55-60
21252239-6	2011	We also established that two PKCdelta-regulated genes, FOSL1 and BCL2A1, mediate the apoptotic effect of phorbol esters or the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide in prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	BCL2 related protein A1	Homo sapiens	65-71
21209006-9	2011	Interestingly, phorbol esters only reduced AQP2 through the first pathway.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	aquaporin 2	Mus musculus	43-47
21233411-7	2011	Sequential activation of cells by thapsigargin and the phorbol ester PMA revealed that SphK-regulated NOX2 activity relies on intracellular Ca(2+) store depletion.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
21233411-7	2011	Sequential activation of cells by thapsigargin and the phorbol ester PMA revealed that SphK-regulated NOX2 activity relies on intracellular Ca(2+) store depletion.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	102-106
21192914-5	2011	Phorbol ester (PMA) activates MGF synthesis in human myoblasts and myotubes only.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
21212261-8	2011	CAT-1 ubiquitination and endocytosis in phorbol ester-stimulated porcine aorthic endothelial and HEK293 cells were inhibited by siRNA knockdown of NEDD4-2 and NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligases, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	solute carrier family 7 member 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
21212261-8	2011	CAT-1 ubiquitination and endocytosis in phorbol ester-stimulated porcine aorthic endothelial and HEK293 cells were inhibited by siRNA knockdown of NEDD4-2 and NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligases, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	NEDD4 like E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	147-154
21212261-8	2011	CAT-1 ubiquitination and endocytosis in phorbol ester-stimulated porcine aorthic endothelial and HEK293 cells were inhibited by siRNA knockdown of NEDD4-2 and NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligases, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	159-166
21205932-5	2011	We demonstrate that PKC activation with either a phorbol ester or exogenous application of diacylglycerides impairs insulin-induced Akt activation, whereas PKC inhibition augments insulin-induced Akt activation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	insulin	Homo sapiens	116-123
21205932-5	2011	We demonstrate that PKC activation with either a phorbol ester or exogenous application of diacylglycerides impairs insulin-induced Akt activation, whereas PKC inhibition augments insulin-induced Akt activation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
21534929-1	2011	The serine/threonine protein kinase C (PKC) family was first identified as intracellular receptor(s) for the tumor promoting agents phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	21-37
21534929-1	2011	The serine/threonine protein kinase C (PKC) family was first identified as intracellular receptor(s) for the tumor promoting agents phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
21148810-5	2011	We found that the TLR2 crosstalk with chemokine receptors is not dependent on the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein, but instead involves phospholipase C, the small G protein Rac1, and is phorbol ester sensitive.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
21339821-1	2011	TRPV4 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4) channels are activated by a wide range of stimuli, including hypotonic stress, non-noxious heat and mechanical stress and some small molecule agonists (e.g. phorbol ester 4alpha-PDD).	Phorbol Esters	206-219	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
21148810-7	2011	However, LTA-induced internalization of CCR5 is a slower process associated with phospholipase C-mediated and phorbol ester-sensitive phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Homo sapiens	40-44
21030592-1	2011	The D(3) dopamine receptor is endocytosed through a heterologous mechanism mediated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	dopamine receptor D3	Homo sapiens	4-26
21216234-5	2011	In megakaryoblastic cell line Dami, the membrane protein expression of LAIR-1 is up-regulated significantly when cells are treated with phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	136-149	leukocyte associated immunoglobulin like receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-77
21441980-0	2011	Phorbol-Ester Mediated Suppression of hASH1 Synthesis: Multiple Ways to Keep the Level Down.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
21193229-6	2011	The phorbol ester PMA or the DAG analog OAG restored the Ca2+ entry inhibited by PLC blockers, showing an involvement of PLC/PKC pathway in SOCE.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2	Homo sapiens	81-84
21193229-6	2011	The phorbol ester PMA or the DAG analog OAG restored the Ca2+ entry inhibited by PLC blockers, showing an involvement of PLC/PKC pathway in SOCE.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
21193229-6	2011	The phorbol ester PMA or the DAG analog OAG restored the Ca2+ entry inhibited by PLC blockers, showing an involvement of PLC/PKC pathway in SOCE.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	125-128
20930113-5	2011	In the smooth muscle cell line A7r5, phorbol ester treatment induced a rapid relocation of ZO-1 from the cell cortex and cytosolic pools toward newly formed podosomes.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	tight junction protein 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
21030592-8	2011	In addition, these data demonstrated that GASP-1 can mediate post-endocytic degradation of dopamine receptors that have been endocytosed not only as a consequence of dopamine activation but also as a consequence of activation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	229-243	G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-48
22116357-9	2011	The strong inhibition of wildtype SLC26A2, SLC26A3, and SLC26A6 by phorbol ester contrasts with its modest inhibition of pendrin.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	anion exchanger SLC26A6	Xenopus laevis	56-63
21142138-7	2011	The segmented colonies released from the array were fixed and subjected to immunofluorescence staining of intracellular phospho-ERK kinase to identify colonies that were highly resistant or sensitive to phorbol ester-induced activation of ERK.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	239-242
21142138-10	2011	When these cultured cells were reanalyzed for phorbol ester-induced ERK activity, the cells retained the sensitive or resistant phenotype of the originally screened subcolony.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
20942798-5	2011	In the present paper, we show that the phorbol ester PMA increases TBX3 protein and mRNA levels in a protein kinase C-dependent manner via the AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factors c-Jun and JunB.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	T-box transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	67-71
20942798-5	2011	In the present paper, we show that the phorbol ester PMA increases TBX3 protein and mRNA levels in a protein kinase C-dependent manner via the AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factors c-Jun and JunB.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	143-168
20942798-5	2011	In the present paper, we show that the phorbol ester PMA increases TBX3 protein and mRNA levels in a protein kinase C-dependent manner via the AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factors c-Jun and JunB.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	192-197
20942798-5	2011	In the present paper, we show that the phorbol ester PMA increases TBX3 protein and mRNA levels in a protein kinase C-dependent manner via the AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factors c-Jun and JunB.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	202-206
22116357-10	2011	Phorbol ester inhibition of SLC26A2, SLC26A3, and SLC26A6 was blocked by coexpressed kinase-dead PKCdelta but was without effect on pendrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	anion exchanger SLC26A6	Xenopus laevis	50-57
22116357-10	2011	Phorbol ester inhibition of SLC26A2, SLC26A3, and SLC26A6 was blocked by coexpressed kinase-dead PKCdelta but was without effect on pendrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	97-105
21490774-4	2011	We also demonstrate that the phorbol ester, PMA, increased, while protein kinase C inhibitors reduced SR-BI-mediated HDL lipid uptake in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	scavenger receptor class B member 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
21441608-1	2011	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) is a representative member of a family of novel PKC isoforms that are independent of calcium, but can be activated by phorbol esters, diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine (PS).	Phorbol Esters	155-169	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-23
21242888-7	2011	Conversely, when the nontumorigenic phorbol ester prostratin is combined with histone deacetylase inhibitors, potent synergistic activation of latent HIV-1 occurs involving nuclear expression of NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	195-204
21047949-0	2011	The involvement of specific PKC isoenzymes in phorbol ester-mediated regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression and steroid synthesis in mouse Leydig cells.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	28-31
21047949-0	2011	The involvement of specific PKC isoenzymes in phorbol ester-mediated regulation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression and steroid synthesis in mouse Leydig cells.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	steroidogenic acute regulatory protein	Mus musculus	83-113
20952497-5	2011	Likewise, chelation of intracellular Ca2+ and interference with an "atypical" phorbol ester-insensitive protein kinase C (PKC) abolished recruitment of Akt and GSK-3beta.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
20952497-5	2011	Likewise, chelation of intracellular Ca2+ and interference with an "atypical" phorbol ester-insensitive protein kinase C (PKC) abolished recruitment of Akt and GSK-3beta.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	160-169
20974802-5	2011	External stimuli, which control the activity of MAPKs, such as phorbol esters and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) control the choice of the LRP6-PPPS/TP kinase and regulate the amplitude of LRP6 phosphorylation and WNT/beta-catenin-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	LDL receptor related protein 6	Homo sapiens	142-146
20974802-5	2011	External stimuli, which control the activity of MAPKs, such as phorbol esters and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) control the choice of the LRP6-PPPS/TP kinase and regulate the amplitude of LRP6 phosphorylation and WNT/beta-catenin-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	LDL receptor related protein 6	Homo sapiens	192-196
20974802-5	2011	External stimuli, which control the activity of MAPKs, such as phorbol esters and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) control the choice of the LRP6-PPPS/TP kinase and regulate the amplitude of LRP6 phosphorylation and WNT/beta-catenin-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	221-233
21441608-1	2011	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) is a representative member of a family of novel PKC isoforms that are independent of calcium, but can be activated by phorbol esters, diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine (PS).	Phorbol Esters	155-169	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	25-35
21441608-1	2011	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) is a representative member of a family of novel PKC isoforms that are independent of calcium, but can be activated by phorbol esters, diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine (PS).	Phorbol Esters	155-169	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	25-28
22216214-2	2011	NHE1 phosphorylation contributes to Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity in response to phorbol esters, growth factors or protein phosphatase inhibitors, but has not been observed during activation by osmotic cell shrinkage (OCS).	Phorbol Esters	80-94	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	0-4
20819075-7	2010	We have also demonstrated that wild-type Jagged1 and a truncated polypeptide-anchored variant lacking the cytosolic domain were subject to similar constitutive and phorbol ester-regulated shedding.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	jagged canonical Notch ligand 1	Homo sapiens	41-48
20959447-4	2010	Specifically, we show two mechanisms of activation: 1) agonist-stimulated activation at the plasma membrane (the site of most robust PKC delta signaling), Golgi, and mitochondria that is independent of Src and can be triggered by phorbol esters and 2) agonist-stimulated activation in the nucleus that requires Src kinase activation and cannot be triggered by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	230-244	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	133-142
20959447-4	2010	Specifically, we show two mechanisms of activation: 1) agonist-stimulated activation at the plasma membrane (the site of most robust PKC delta signaling), Golgi, and mitochondria that is independent of Src and can be triggered by phorbol esters and 2) agonist-stimulated activation in the nucleus that requires Src kinase activation and cannot be triggered by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	360-374	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	133-142
20713176-8	2010	In HEK293 cells, activation of either protein kinase C-alpha or betaII, with the phorbol ester PMA led to relocalization of both wild-type and inactive nSMase2 to the pericentrion, a PKC-dependent subset of recycling endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	38-60
20713176-8	2010	In HEK293 cells, activation of either protein kinase C-alpha or betaII, with the phorbol ester PMA led to relocalization of both wild-type and inactive nSMase2 to the pericentrion, a PKC-dependent subset of recycling endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3	Homo sapiens	152-159
20713176-8	2010	In HEK293 cells, activation of either protein kinase C-alpha or betaII, with the phorbol ester PMA led to relocalization of both wild-type and inactive nSMase2 to the pericentrion, a PKC-dependent subset of recycling endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	183-186
20817944-6	2010	Plasma membrane NAPDH oxidase activity was reduced in neutrophils expressing p47(phox) with Arg(90) substitutions, with substantial effects on responses to either phorbol ester or formyl-Met-Leu-Phe and more modest effects to particulate stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	77-80
20807704-3	2010	In the present analysis of the phorbol ester-induced shedding of sCD163 in CD163 cDNA-transfected HEK293 cells, we used metalloproteinase inhibitors and siRNA-mediated inhibition of metalloproteinases to identify TACE/ADAM17 as an enzyme responsible for PMA-induced cleavage of the membrane-proximal region of CD163.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	CD163 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-71
20807704-3	2010	In the present analysis of the phorbol ester-induced shedding of sCD163 in CD163 cDNA-transfected HEK293 cells, we used metalloproteinase inhibitors and siRNA-mediated inhibition of metalloproteinases to identify TACE/ADAM17 as an enzyme responsible for PMA-induced cleavage of the membrane-proximal region of CD163.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	213-217
20807704-3	2010	In the present analysis of the phorbol ester-induced shedding of sCD163 in CD163 cDNA-transfected HEK293 cells, we used metalloproteinase inhibitors and siRNA-mediated inhibition of metalloproteinases to identify TACE/ADAM17 as an enzyme responsible for PMA-induced cleavage of the membrane-proximal region of CD163.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	218-224
20807704-3	2010	In the present analysis of the phorbol ester-induced shedding of sCD163 in CD163 cDNA-transfected HEK293 cells, we used metalloproteinase inhibitors and siRNA-mediated inhibition of metalloproteinases to identify TACE/ADAM17 as an enzyme responsible for PMA-induced cleavage of the membrane-proximal region of CD163.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	CD163 molecule	Homo sapiens	75-80
20817944-3	2010	Recent studies showed that the p47(phox) Phox homology (PX) domain mediates phosphoinositide binding in vitro and regulates phorbol ester-induced NADPH oxidase activity in a K562 myeloid cell model.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	31-34
20816837-12	2010	In addition, phorbol esters induced a Shh-regulated reporter gene.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	sonic hedgehog	Mus musculus	38-41
20728597-7	2010	Interestingly, maximal IL-2 production and CD4(+) T cell cycle progression are observed upon activation with soluble anti-CD3 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	23-27
20739622-3	2010	In this study, treatment of Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing rat SNAT3 with the phorbol ester PMA resulted in a rapid downregulation of glutamine uptake in less than 20 min.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	solute carrier family 38, member 3	Rattus norvegicus	66-71
20708645-5	2010	Phorbol ester (PMA)- and insulin-induced degradation of PKCdelta were abrogated by proteasome inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	56-64
20728597-7	2010	Interestingly, maximal IL-2 production and CD4(+) T cell cycle progression are observed upon activation with soluble anti-CD3 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	43-46
20728597-7	2010	Interestingly, maximal IL-2 production and CD4(+) T cell cycle progression are observed upon activation with soluble anti-CD3 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	122-125
20458731-2	2010	Here, we show that stimulating mitogenesis of Swiss 3T3 cells with phorbol esters or forskolin can induce divergent responses in the expression levels, localization and activation state of cyclin D1 and cyclin D3.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	189-198
20458731-2	2010	Here, we show that stimulating mitogenesis of Swiss 3T3 cells with phorbol esters or forskolin can induce divergent responses in the expression levels, localization and activation state of cyclin D1 and cyclin D3.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	cyclin D3	Mus musculus	203-212
20458731-3	2010	Phorbol ester-mediated protein kinase C stimulation induces S phase entry which is dependent on MAPK activation and increases the levels and activation of cyclin D1, whereas forskolin-mediated cAMP-dependent protein kinase A stimulation induces mitogenesis that is independent of MAPK, but dependent upon mTor and specifically increases the level and activation of cyclin D3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	155-164
20458731-3	2010	Phorbol ester-mediated protein kinase C stimulation induces S phase entry which is dependent on MAPK activation and increases the levels and activation of cyclin D1, whereas forskolin-mediated cAMP-dependent protein kinase A stimulation induces mitogenesis that is independent of MAPK, but dependent upon mTor and specifically increases the level and activation of cyclin D3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin D3	Mus musculus	365-374
20727911-7	2010	We first showed that forskolin and phorbol ester activated an NR4A-dependent reporter gene indicating that members of the NR4A nuclear receptor family are present endogenously and upregulated by external stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	hepatic nuclear factor 4beta	Gallus gallus	127-143
21327094-8	2010	In contrast, macrophage forms induced in LBR knockdown cells by in vitro treatment with phorbol ester were indistinguishable from the parent cells, judged by both nuclear shape and attached cell morphology.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	lamin B receptor	Homo sapiens	41-44
20858459-0	2010	Depletion of the cellular levels of Bag-1 proteins attenuates phorbol ester-induced downregulation of IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	102-114
20858459-0	2010	Depletion of the cellular levels of Bag-1 proteins attenuates phorbol ester-induced downregulation of IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	143-152
20858459-0	2010	Depletion of the cellular levels of Bag-1 proteins attenuates phorbol ester-induced downregulation of IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	BAG cochaperone 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
20858459-5	2010	Furthermore phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor protein IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB proteins in response to phorbol ester was attenuated following Bag-1 depletion in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	69-81
20858459-5	2010	Furthermore phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor protein IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB proteins in response to phorbol ester was attenuated following Bag-1 depletion in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	110-113
20858459-5	2010	Furthermore phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor protein IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB proteins in response to phorbol ester was attenuated following Bag-1 depletion in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	118-121
20858459-5	2010	Furthermore phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor protein IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB proteins in response to phorbol ester was attenuated following Bag-1 depletion in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	122-131
20858459-5	2010	Furthermore phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor protein IkappaBalpha and nuclear accumulation of p65 and p50 NF-kappaB proteins in response to phorbol ester was attenuated following Bag-1 depletion in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	BAG cochaperone 1	Homo sapiens	195-200
20862283-5	2010	beta-catenin stabilisation in T cells can also be induced by the activation of PKC with phorbol esters and is blocked by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and phospholipase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	88-102	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
20643191-4	2010	Phorbol ester regulation of DA transport activity was retained in BoNT/C-treated synaptosomes and syn 1A transfected cells, demonstrating that protein kinase C (PKC) and syn 1A effects occur through independent processes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	syntaxin 1A	Rattus norvegicus	98-104
20643191-4	2010	Phorbol ester regulation of DA transport activity was retained in BoNT/C-treated synaptosomes and syn 1A transfected cells, demonstrating that protein kinase C (PKC) and syn 1A effects occur through independent processes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	syntaxin 1A	Rattus norvegicus	170-176
20923549-4	2010	In order to decipher the mode of Rage function on gene transcription levels during inflammation, we applied global gene expression profiling on time-resolved samples of mouse back skin, which had been treated with the phorbol ester TPA, a potent inducer of skin inflammation.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Mus musculus	33-37
20691240-4	2010	This study examined the potential suppressive effect of the flavone on phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in the breast cell lines MCF-10A and MCF-7.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	93-98
20833839-3	2010	In this article, we show that treatment of mouse skin overexpressing the IL-1 family member, IL-1F6, with phorbol ester leads to an inflammatory condition with macroscopic and histological similarities to human psoriasis.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	interleukin 36A	Mus musculus	93-99
20638471-6	2010	Furthermore, oxidant generation in phorbol ester-stimulated fibroblasts and RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells was lower with Glrx siRNA knockdown.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	glutaredoxin	Mus musculus	123-127
20043284-5	2010	Interestingly, phorbol ester, a PKC activator known to enhance NMDAR lateral mobility, induced kinetic changes of currents similar to those produced by MMP-9.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	152-157
20832999-2	2010	Indeed, the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induces biphasic PKD activation, which mirrors the biphasic response of initial differentiation followed by proliferation and tumor promotion seen in TPA-treated keratinocytes in vitro and epidermis in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	102-105
20690147-1	2010	Early growth response gene 1 (EGR1) has been implicated in megakaryocyte differentiation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	0-28
20690147-1	2010	Early growth response gene 1 (EGR1) has been implicated in megakaryocyte differentiation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
20516369-0	2010	Bryostatin 1 inhibits phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by differentially modulating protein kinase C (PKC) delta translocation and preventing PKCdelta-mediated release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	126-129
20504934-0	2010	Phorbol ester-induced human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early (MIE) enhancer activation through PKC-delta, CREB, and NF-kappaB desilences MIE gene expression in quiescently infected human pluripotent NTera2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	100-109
20504934-0	2010	Phorbol ester-induced human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early (MIE) enhancer activation through PKC-delta, CREB, and NF-kappaB desilences MIE gene expression in quiescently infected human pluripotent NTera2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	111-115
20504934-0	2010	Phorbol ester-induced human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early (MIE) enhancer activation through PKC-delta, CREB, and NF-kappaB desilences MIE gene expression in quiescently infected human pluripotent NTera2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	121-130
21038114-3	2010	Cell line studies have shown that the protein kinase activator phorbol ester exerts a suppressive effect on AQP4 and water permeability.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	aquaporin 4	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
21038114-4	2010	The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a phorbol ester, phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), on increased TBI AQP4 expression and accompanying brain edema.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	aquaporin 4	Rattus norvegicus	117-121
20493242-6	2010	Co-localization and partial co-immunoprecipitation of EAAC1 and adducin are still detectable after cell treatment with phorbol esters, a condition that leads to a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent increase of EAAC1 expression on the membrane and to the phosphorylation of adducin.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
20493242-6	2010	Co-localization and partial co-immunoprecipitation of EAAC1 and adducin are still detectable after cell treatment with phorbol esters, a condition that leads to a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent increase of EAAC1 expression on the membrane and to the phosphorylation of adducin.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	208-213
20551318-1	2010	Protein kinase C (PKC) is considered crucial for hormonal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE1) activation because phorbol esters (PEs) strongly activate NHE1.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	80-84
20551318-1	2010	Protein kinase C (PKC) is considered crucial for hormonal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE1) activation because phorbol esters (PEs) strongly activate NHE1.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	144-148
20554528-0	2010	Differential up-regulation of MAP kinase phosphatases MKP3/DUSP6 and DUSP5 by Ets2 and c-Jun converge in the control of the growth arrest versus proliferation response of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	dual specificity phosphatase 6	Homo sapiens	54-58
20551318-1	2010	Protein kinase C (PKC) is considered crucial for hormonal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE1) activation because phorbol esters (PEs) strongly activate NHE1.	Phorbol Esters	121-124	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	80-84
20554528-0	2010	Differential up-regulation of MAP kinase phosphatases MKP3/DUSP6 and DUSP5 by Ets2 and c-Jun converge in the control of the growth arrest versus proliferation response of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	dual specificity phosphatase 6	Homo sapiens	59-64
20566643-1	2010	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), a diacyglycerol- and phorbol ester-responsive serine-threonine kinase, has been implicated in mitogenic and survival control, and it is markedly overexpressed in human tumors, including in prostate cancer.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-23
20554528-0	2010	Differential up-regulation of MAP kinase phosphatases MKP3/DUSP6 and DUSP5 by Ets2 and c-Jun converge in the control of the growth arrest versus proliferation response of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	dual specificity phosphatase 5	Homo sapiens	69-74
20554528-0	2010	Differential up-regulation of MAP kinase phosphatases MKP3/DUSP6 and DUSP5 by Ets2 and c-Jun converge in the control of the growth arrest versus proliferation response of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	ETS proto-oncogene 2, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	78-82
20554528-0	2010	Differential up-regulation of MAP kinase phosphatases MKP3/DUSP6 and DUSP5 by Ets2 and c-Jun converge in the control of the growth arrest versus proliferation response of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	87-92
20551318-1	2010	Protein kinase C (PKC) is considered crucial for hormonal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE1) activation because phorbol esters (PEs) strongly activate NHE1.	Phorbol Esters	121-124	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	144-148
20551318-2	2010	However, here we report that rather than PKC, direct binding of PEs/diacylglycerol to the NHE1 lipid-interacting domain (LID) and the subsequent tighter association of LID with the plasma membrane mainly underlies NHE1 activation.	Phorbol Esters	64-67	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	90-94
20551318-2	2010	However, here we report that rather than PKC, direct binding of PEs/diacylglycerol to the NHE1 lipid-interacting domain (LID) and the subsequent tighter association of LID with the plasma membrane mainly underlies NHE1 activation.	Phorbol Esters	64-67	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	214-218
20566643-1	2010	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), a diacyglycerol- and phorbol ester-responsive serine-threonine kinase, has been implicated in mitogenic and survival control, and it is markedly overexpressed in human tumors, including in prostate cancer.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	25-35
20566643-2	2010	Although prostate cancer cells undergo apoptosis in response to phorbol ester stimulation via PKCdelta-mediated release of death factors, the involvement of PKCepsilon in this response is not known.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	94-102
20433920-9	2010	In HeLa cells Tat-peptide inhibited the phorbol ester-evoked ERK1/2 phosphorylation suggesting that Tat inhibited PKC also in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	61-67
20433920-9	2010	In HeLa cells Tat-peptide inhibited the phorbol ester-evoked ERK1/2 phosphorylation suggesting that Tat inhibited PKC also in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	114-117
20584749-0	2010	Piceatannol, a catechol-type polyphenol, inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-{kappa}B activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human breast epithelial cells: cysteine 179 of IKK{beta} as a potential target.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	72-83
20392800-2	2010	Recently, we described a novel pathway of NCC regulation in which phorbol esters (PE) stimulate Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), triggering a cascade ultimately activating ERK1/2 MAPK and decreasing NCC cell surface expression (Ko B, Joshi LM, Cooke LL, Vazquez N, Musch MW, Hebert SC, Gamba G, Hoover RS.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	96-126
20392800-2	2010	Recently, we described a novel pathway of NCC regulation in which phorbol esters (PE) stimulate Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), triggering a cascade ultimately activating ERK1/2 MAPK and decreasing NCC cell surface expression (Ko B, Joshi LM, Cooke LL, Vazquez N, Musch MW, Hebert SC, Gamba G, Hoover RS.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	128-135
20392800-2	2010	Recently, we described a novel pathway of NCC regulation in which phorbol esters (PE) stimulate Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), triggering a cascade ultimately activating ERK1/2 MAPK and decreasing NCC cell surface expression (Ko B, Joshi LM, Cooke LL, Vazquez N, Musch MW, Hebert SC, Gamba G, Hoover RS.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	181-187
20392800-2	2010	Recently, we described a novel pathway of NCC regulation in which phorbol esters (PE) stimulate Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), triggering a cascade ultimately activating ERK1/2 MAPK and decreasing NCC cell surface expression (Ko B, Joshi LM, Cooke LL, Vazquez N, Musch MW, Hebert SC, Gamba G, Hoover RS.	Phorbol Esters	82-84	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	96-126
20392800-2	2010	Recently, we described a novel pathway of NCC regulation in which phorbol esters (PE) stimulate Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), triggering a cascade ultimately activating ERK1/2 MAPK and decreasing NCC cell surface expression (Ko B, Joshi LM, Cooke LL, Vazquez N, Musch MW, Hebert SC, Gamba G, Hoover RS.	Phorbol Esters	82-84	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	128-135
20392800-2	2010	Recently, we described a novel pathway of NCC regulation in which phorbol esters (PE) stimulate Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), triggering a cascade ultimately activating ERK1/2 MAPK and decreasing NCC cell surface expression (Ko B, Joshi LM, Cooke LL, Vazquez N, Musch MW, Hebert SC, Gamba G, Hoover RS.	Phorbol Esters	82-84	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	181-187
20584749-0	2010	Piceatannol, a catechol-type polyphenol, inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-{kappa}B activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human breast epithelial cells: cysteine 179 of IKK{beta} as a potential target.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	177-185
20430034-4	2010	The results obtained demonstrate that the activation of PKCalpha by phorbol esters or thymeleatoxin causes a transient increase of arginine transport through system y(+), referable to the induction of SLC7A2 mRNAs and to the increased expression of CAT2 transporters.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	56-64
20430034-4	2010	The results obtained demonstrate that the activation of PKCalpha by phorbol esters or thymeleatoxin causes a transient increase of arginine transport through system y(+), referable to the induction of SLC7A2 mRNAs and to the increased expression of CAT2 transporters.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	solute carrier family 7 member 2	Homo sapiens	201-207
20430034-4	2010	The results obtained demonstrate that the activation of PKCalpha by phorbol esters or thymeleatoxin causes a transient increase of arginine transport through system y(+), referable to the induction of SLC7A2 mRNAs and to the increased expression of CAT2 transporters.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	solute carrier family 7 member 2	Homo sapiens	249-253
20463060-4	2010	Stimulation of alpha1A-AR with phenylephrine or direct activation of PKC with phorbol ester increased HERG channel protein abundance and K(+) current density in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
20463060-6	2010	Phorbol ester and moderate alpha1A-AR stimulation enhanced HERG abundance in a PKC-dependent fashion but with stronger alpha1A-adrenergic stimulation; protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent activity also contributed.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
20501791-7	2010	Induction of TACE/ADAM17 by the phorbol-ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced germ cell apoptosis, which was prevented when an inhibitor of TACE/ADAM17 was present in the assay.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
20452384-8	2010	The effect of TNF-alpha was abated by etanercept, the IKK2 inhibitor TPCA-1, or a p38 inhibitor while that of PMA was reduced by inhibitors of PKC isoforms sensitive to phorbol esters and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	14-23
20501791-7	2010	Induction of TACE/ADAM17 by the phorbol-ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced germ cell apoptosis, which was prevented when an inhibitor of TACE/ADAM17 was present in the assay.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
20501791-7	2010	Induction of TACE/ADAM17 by the phorbol-ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced germ cell apoptosis, which was prevented when an inhibitor of TACE/ADAM17 was present in the assay.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Rattus norvegicus	154-158
20501791-7	2010	Induction of TACE/ADAM17 by the phorbol-ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced germ cell apoptosis, which was prevented when an inhibitor of TACE/ADAM17 was present in the assay.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Rattus norvegicus	159-165
20979792-2	2010	METHODS: LDL from healthy volunteers was obtained by density-gradient ultracentrifugation and was oxidized by incubation with Cu2+ and ox-LDL was identified.Macrophages were induced from THP-1 cell by phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	201-214	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	187-192
20334899-3	2010	In HCT 116 and HCT-8 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, the production of IL-8 immunoreactivity was up-regulated by IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, the toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands double-stranded RNA and peptidoglycan and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	238-251	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	72-76
20345709-0	2010	Phorbol ester-evoked Ca2+ signaling in human platelets is via autocrine activation of P(2X1) receptors, not a novel non-capacitative Ca2+ entry.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	purinergic receptor P2X 1	Homo sapiens	86-91
20236935-8	2010	Indirect immunofluorescence showed that phorbol ester, a potent protein kinase C activator that can also trigger acrosomal exocytosis, redistributes sphingosine kinase 1 to the acrosomal region.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	149-169
20162441-8	2010	Overexpression of ZNFD in the COS7 cells activates the transcriptional activities of AP1(PMA) (Activator of protein 1, that responds specifically to phorbol ester).	Phorbol Esters	149-162	family with sequence similarity 170 member A	Homo sapiens	18-22
20162441-8	2010	Overexpression of ZNFD in the COS7 cells activates the transcriptional activities of AP1(PMA) (Activator of protein 1, that responds specifically to phorbol ester).	Phorbol Esters	149-162	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	85-88
20116443-4	2010	IL1beta, TNF-alpha and LPS enhanced the expression of COX-2 and mPGES1 whereas phorbol ester enhanced COX-2 expression only.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	102-107
20335173-4	2010	Epidermal growth factor or the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate caused rapid phosphorylation of beta2-chimaerin on Ser(169) located in the SH2-C1 domain linker region via protein kinase Cdelta, which retained beta2-chimaerin in the cytosol and prevented its C1 domain-mediated translocation to membranes.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	109-114
20335173-4	2010	Epidermal growth factor or the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate caused rapid phosphorylation of beta2-chimaerin on Ser(169) located in the SH2-C1 domain linker region via protein kinase Cdelta, which retained beta2-chimaerin in the cytosol and prevented its C1 domain-mediated translocation to membranes.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	222-227
20345372-4	2010	Down-regulation of thiol isomerases, by changes in the redox environment (for instance as elicited by phorbol ester modulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species) markedly enhanced ADAM17 activation.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	187-193
20332370-5	2010	Surprisingly, Akt2 deficiency and pharmacologic inhibition of Akt also abrogated phorbol ester-induced O(2)(-) production, which was unaffected by treatment with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	14-17
20504280-5	2010	make the observation that phorbol ester activates shedding by ADAM17 by affecting the activity of PDI (protein disulfide isomerase).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	62-68
20504280-5	2010	make the observation that phorbol ester activates shedding by ADAM17 by affecting the activity of PDI (protein disulfide isomerase).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	98-101
20504280-5	2010	make the observation that phorbol ester activates shedding by ADAM17 by affecting the activity of PDI (protein disulfide isomerase).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	103-130
20236935-9	2010	Functional assays showed that phorbol ester-induced exocytosis depends on the activation of sphingosine kinase 1.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-112
20308057-1	2010	RasGRP1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras that binds with high affinity to diacylglycerol analogs like the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	0-7
20308057-2	2010	Recently, we demonstrated a role for RasGRP1 in skin carcinogenesis and suggested its participation in the action of tumor-promoting phorbol esters like 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on Ras pathways in epidermal cells.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	37-44
20225271-8	2010	Furthermore, activation of PKCdelta by phorbol esters failed to restore the rottlerin-inhibited migratory ability.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	27-35
20167259-3	2010	We hypothesized that activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester modulates choline uptake by altering the rate of CHT internalization from or delivery to the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	solute carrier family 5 member 7	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
20167259-4	2010	Using SH-SY5Y cells that stably express rat CHT, we found that exposure of cells to phorbol ester for 2 or 5 min significantly increased choline uptake, whereas longer treatment had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	solute carrier family 5 member 7	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
20167259-6	2010	Cell-surface biotinylation assays showed that plasma membrane levels of CHT protein were enhanced following 5 min phorbol ester treatment; this was blocked by protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide-I.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	solute carrier family 5 member 7	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
20167259-7	2010	Moreover, CHT internalization was decreased and delivery of CHT to plasma membrane was increased by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	solute carrier family 5 member 7	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
20167259-8	2010	Our results suggest that treatment of neural cells with the protein kinase C activator phorbol ester rapidly and transiently increases cell surface CHT levels and this corresponds with enhanced choline uptake activity which may play an important role in replenishing acetylcholine stores following its release by depolarization.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	solute carrier family 5 member 7	Rattus norvegicus	148-151
22993562-11	2010	In the cells with epithelial-like morphology, treatments with phorbol-ester or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha resulted in translocation of membranous E-cadherin to the cytoplasm and induction of migration.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	153-163
20423347-0	2010	Shikonin reduces oedema induced by phorbol ester by interfering with IkappaBalpha degradation thus inhibiting translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	69-81
20439192-1	2010	BACKGROUND: Protein kinase C-beta2 (PKCbeta2) is a splice-variant of the PRKCB1 gene and belongs to a family of serine/threonine-specific kinases that are predominantly activated by diacylglycerol, calcium, and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	211-224	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	73-79
20164256-1	2010	The C1 domains in protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes and other signaling molecules are responsible for binding the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, and for mediating translocation to membranes.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	36-39
20064506-5	2010	Confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation studies demonstrate that both 1,25D(3)-MARRS and NFkappaB begin translocating to the nucleus within minutes of co-stimulation with 1,25D(3) and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	99-107
20033868-0	2010	The licorice flavonoid isoliquiritigenin suppresses phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A breast cell line.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-90
20033868-4	2010	This study focuses on phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	44-49
20164256-6	2010	For PKCepsilon, it interacts with p23/Tmp21 specifically via its C1b domain; however, this association is lost in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	4-14
20164256-6	2010	For PKCepsilon, it interacts with p23/Tmp21 specifically via its C1b domain; however, this association is lost in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	38-43
20044482-1	2010	The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a non-selective cation channel responsive to various stimuli including cell swelling, warm temperatures (27-35 degrees C), and chemical compounds such as phorbol ester derivatives.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	4-44
20044482-1	2010	The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a non-selective cation channel responsive to various stimuli including cell swelling, warm temperatures (27-35 degrees C), and chemical compounds such as phorbol ester derivatives.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	46-51
20045653-6	2010	Following stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin, PBMCs taken from MS patients in relapse developed a more inflammatory profile than those taken from controls or non-relapse patients, with greater expression of CD154, IL-17 and dual expression of IL-17/IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	217-222
20159975-4	2010	PKC activation by the phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) resulted in increased phosphorylation of OATP2B1 as well as reduced OATP2B1 transport activity with a decrease in V(max) of E(1)S uptake (288 +/- 21 (control) versus 165 +/- 16 pmol/min/mg of protein (PMA)).	Phorbol Esters	22-35	solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1	Homo sapiens	116-123
20159975-4	2010	PKC activation by the phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) resulted in increased phosphorylation of OATP2B1 as well as reduced OATP2B1 transport activity with a decrease in V(max) of E(1)S uptake (288 +/- 21 (control) versus 165 +/- 16 pmol/min/mg of protein (PMA)).	Phorbol Esters	22-35	solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1	Homo sapiens	143-150
20013162-1	2010	Ca(2+)-Calmodulin binding to the variable N-terminal region of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-binding UNC13/Munc13 family of proteins modulates the short-term synaptic plasticity characteristics in neurons.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	7-17
20013162-1	2010	Ca(2+)-Calmodulin binding to the variable N-terminal region of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-binding UNC13/Munc13 family of proteins modulates the short-term synaptic plasticity characteristics in neurons.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	unc-13 homolog B	Homo sapiens	104-109
20013162-1	2010	Ca(2+)-Calmodulin binding to the variable N-terminal region of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-binding UNC13/Munc13 family of proteins modulates the short-term synaptic plasticity characteristics in neurons.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	unc-13 homolog B	Homo sapiens	110-116
20045653-6	2010	Following stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin, PBMCs taken from MS patients in relapse developed a more inflammatory profile than those taken from controls or non-relapse patients, with greater expression of CD154, IL-17 and dual expression of IL-17/IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	224-229
20045653-6	2010	Following stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin, PBMCs taken from MS patients in relapse developed a more inflammatory profile than those taken from controls or non-relapse patients, with greater expression of CD154, IL-17 and dual expression of IL-17/IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	253-258
20045653-6	2010	Following stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin, PBMCs taken from MS patients in relapse developed a more inflammatory profile than those taken from controls or non-relapse patients, with greater expression of CD154, IL-17 and dual expression of IL-17/IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	259-268
20179211-0	2010	Diallyl trisulfide inhibits phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion, activation of AP-1, and expression of COX-2 in mouse skin by blocking JNK and Akt signaling.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	81-85
20179211-0	2010	Diallyl trisulfide inhibits phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion, activation of AP-1, and expression of COX-2 in mouse skin by blocking JNK and Akt signaling.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	137-140
20179211-0	2010	Diallyl trisulfide inhibits phorbol ester-induced tumor promotion, activation of AP-1, and expression of COX-2 in mouse skin by blocking JNK and Akt signaling.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	145-148
19946336-1	2010	JWA, a newly identified novel microtubule-associated protein (MAP), was recently demonstrated to be indispensable for the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton and activation of MAPK cascades induced by arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	234-247	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6 interacting protein 5	Homo sapiens	0-3
19884326-6	2010	Moreover, treatment with a phorbol ester or a calmodulin inhibitor induces Pmel17 shedding.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	premelanosome protein	Homo sapiens	75-81
19946336-1	2010	JWA, a newly identified novel microtubule-associated protein (MAP), was recently demonstrated to be indispensable for the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton and activation of MAPK cascades induced by arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	234-247	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	30-60
19946336-1	2010	JWA, a newly identified novel microtubule-associated protein (MAP), was recently demonstrated to be indispensable for the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton and activation of MAPK cascades induced by arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	234-247	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
20051371-2	2010	Clinical studies of oral DFMO at 500 mg/m(2)/day revealed it to be safe and tolerable and resulted in significant inhibition of phorbol ester-induced skin ODC activity.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	155-158
20018890-8	2010	SSeCKS suppressed phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 activity only if it encoded its PKC binding domain (amino acids 553-900), suggesting that SSeCKS attenuates ERK activation through a direct scaffolding of conventional and/or novel PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	40-46
20018890-8	2010	SSeCKS suppressed phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 activity only if it encoded its PKC binding domain (amino acids 553-900), suggesting that SSeCKS attenuates ERK activation through a direct scaffolding of conventional and/or novel PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
20018890-8	2010	SSeCKS suppressed phorbol ester-induced ERK1/2 activity only if it encoded its PKC binding domain (amino acids 553-900), suggesting that SSeCKS attenuates ERK activation through a direct scaffolding of conventional and/or novel PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
19812372-8	2010	Furthermore, retinol needed to physically bind PKCdelta, because mutation of the retinol binding site rendered PKCdelta unresponsive to Rol, while retaining responsiveness to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	47-55
19696965-8	2010	The decrease in CXCR4 and the increase in CXCR5 mRNA expression was also observed in BMMCs stimulated with thapsigargin, a phorbol ester, and stem cell factor.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4	Mus musculus	16-21
19696965-8	2010	The decrease in CXCR4 and the increase in CXCR5 mRNA expression was also observed in BMMCs stimulated with thapsigargin, a phorbol ester, and stem cell factor.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5	Mus musculus	42-47
19850930-4	2009	Unlike PKC activators that bind to the 1,2-diacylglycerol-binding site, such as bryostatin and phorbol esters, which produce prolonged down-regulation, the new activators produced sustained activation of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	204-207
20001233-2	2010	Incubating normal or transformed leukocytes with phorbol esters can also artificially induce shedding of L-selectin, providing multiple possibilities for the source of soluble forms of L-selectin found in the serum of patients with hematological malignancies.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	selectin L	Homo sapiens	105-115
20001233-2	2010	Incubating normal or transformed leukocytes with phorbol esters can also artificially induce shedding of L-selectin, providing multiple possibilities for the source of soluble forms of L-selectin found in the serum of patients with hematological malignancies.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	selectin L	Homo sapiens	185-195
20001233-6	2010	Interestingly, we also found that lymphoma cells that are unable to shed L-selectin in vitro following exposure to phorbol ester can generate soluble forms of serum L-selectin in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	165-175
20798497-8	2010	CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that the activation of PKCalpha and PKCe by phorbol ester in tumor pituitary GH3B6 cells led to cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, effects that involved ERK1/2 activation.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	51-59
20798497-8	2010	CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that the activation of PKCalpha and PKCe by phorbol ester in tumor pituitary GH3B6 cells led to cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, effects that involved ERK1/2 activation.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
20798497-8	2010	CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that the activation of PKCalpha and PKCe by phorbol ester in tumor pituitary GH3B6 cells led to cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, effects that involved ERK1/2 activation.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	193-199
19889850-6	2010	We examined the effects of the phorbol ester PDBu, which has protein kinase C (PKC) dependent and independent actions on presynaptic transmitter release.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-77
19889850-6	2010	We examined the effects of the phorbol ester PDBu, which has protein kinase C (PKC) dependent and independent actions on presynaptic transmitter release.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	79-82
19702438-3	2009	Because differentiation with phorbol ester induces beta(1) integrin coreceptor activity, but cell differentiation is not desirable in gene transfer to human progenitor cells and one of the downstream effectors of phorbol esters is the small GTPase Rap1, the role of Rap1 in the recruitment of beta(1) integrins on hematopoietic cells was examined.	Phorbol Esters	213-227	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	248-252
19702438-3	2009	Because differentiation with phorbol ester induces beta(1) integrin coreceptor activity, but cell differentiation is not desirable in gene transfer to human progenitor cells and one of the downstream effectors of phorbol esters is the small GTPase Rap1, the role of Rap1 in the recruitment of beta(1) integrins on hematopoietic cells was examined.	Phorbol Esters	213-227	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	266-270
19702438-3	2009	Because differentiation with phorbol ester induces beta(1) integrin coreceptor activity, but cell differentiation is not desirable in gene transfer to human progenitor cells and one of the downstream effectors of phorbol esters is the small GTPase Rap1, the role of Rap1 in the recruitment of beta(1) integrins on hematopoietic cells was examined.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	51-67
19766114-6	2009	Enforced Mad1 expression sensitized U-937-myc cells to TGF-beta and restored phorbol ester-induced cell cycle exit, but could not alone induce G(1) arrest, suggesting that Mad1 is required but not sufficient for cellular senescence.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	MAX dimerization protein 1	Homo sapiens	9-13
19843787-15	2009	Prolonged (24 h) pretreatment with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate before OGD significantly reversed the effect of propofol on AQP4 expression (P < 0.01).	Phorbol Esters	39-52	aquaporin 4	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
19632318-2	2009	We have previously shown that downregulation of PKC delta by tumor promoting phorbol esters was compromised when HeLa cells acquired resistance to cisplatin (HeLa/CP).	Phorbol Esters	77-91	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	48-57
21136963-5	2009	The results of the arrayed antibodies were verified by the multiplexed bead array assay and conventional Western blot analysis, and confirmed the well-known inhibitory effects of phorbol esters on insulin signaling pathway activation.	Phorbol Esters	179-193	insulin	Homo sapiens	197-204
21136963-6	2009	Of interest, the increase in protein kinase C signaling responses with phorbol esters was associated with activation of the lipid phosphatase PTEN and a 27 kDa HSP.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	142-146
19586612-3	2009	Here we show that endosomes and proteasome cooperate in phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA)-induced down-regulation of PKC alpha.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	138-147
19667069-0	2009	ROCK mediates phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via p21Cip1 up-regulation and JNK.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	75-82
19648646-4	2009	Insulin receptor substrate 2, ZNRF2, and SASH1 were also regulated by phorbol ester via p90RSK, whereas CCDC6 and PRAS40 were not.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	insulin receptor substrate 2	Homo sapiens	0-28
19648646-4	2009	Insulin receptor substrate 2, ZNRF2, and SASH1 were also regulated by phorbol ester via p90RSK, whereas CCDC6 and PRAS40 were not.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	zinc and ring finger 2	Homo sapiens	30-35
19648646-4	2009	Insulin receptor substrate 2, ZNRF2, and SASH1 were also regulated by phorbol ester via p90RSK, whereas CCDC6 and PRAS40 were not.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	SAM and SH3 domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
19648646-4	2009	Insulin receptor substrate 2, ZNRF2, and SASH1 were also regulated by phorbol ester via p90RSK, whereas CCDC6 and PRAS40 were not.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1	Homo sapiens	88-94
19667069-0	2009	ROCK mediates phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via p21Cip1 up-regulation and JNK.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	101-104
19667069-1	2009	It is established that androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells undergo apoptosis upon treatment with phorbol esters and related analogs, an effect primarily mediated by PKCdelta.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	170-178
19667069-5	2009	Remarkably, the cytoskeleton inhibitors cytochalasin B and blebbistatin blocked not only PMA-induced apoptosis but also the activation of JNK, a mediator of the cell death effect by the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	138-141
19693767-2	2009	Here we report that swiprosin-1 is also expressed in mast cells and up-regulated in both in vitro cultured mast cells by phorbol ester and in vivo model tissues of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and atopic dermatitis.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	EF-hand domain family member D2	Homo sapiens	20-31
19846907-6	2009	COX-2 induction was achieved with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	0-5
19749780-1	2009	As the predominant cellular receptor for phorbol esters, protein kinase C (PKC) is assumed to play a role in epidermal carcinogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	75-78
19738054-4	2009	Targeted disruption of Stat3 in bulge region KSCs at the time of initiation also dramatically reduced the number of skin tumors (by approximately 80%) produced following promotion with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	23-28
19672879-1	2009	The C1b domain of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta), a potent receptor for ligands such as diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, was synthesized by utilizing native chemical ligation.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	18-39
20177957-5	2009	Our results showed that PKCs translocation to the plasma and nuclear membranes varied from isozyme to isozyme emphasizing that PKCalpha could be related with the mitogenic stimulus exerted by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	127-135
19672879-1	2009	The C1b domain of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta), a potent receptor for ligands such as diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, was synthesized by utilizing native chemical ligation.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	41-49
19696076-6	2009	Interestingly, UNG2 inhibits LTR activity when stimulated by Tat transactivator or TNFalpha, while barely affected using Phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	uracil DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	15-19
19592494-3	2009	Here, we extend our previous finding regarding the lack of isoform specificity of PKCs in the granule release step, showing that mutant constitutively active PKCdelta can substitute for phorbol esters and support exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	186-200	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	158-166
19684084-7	2009	TC1 is up-regulated by IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, LPS, and phorbol ester, and the up-regulation is inhibited by I-kappaB-kinase inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	transcriptional and immune response regulator	Homo sapiens	0-3
19581308-5	2009	A fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based translocation assay reveals a transient association of PKD1 and PKD2 with NHERF-1 in live cells that is triggered by phorbol ester stimulation and, importantly, differs strikingly from the sustained translocation to plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	102-106
19581308-5	2009	A fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based translocation assay reveals a transient association of PKD1 and PKD2 with NHERF-1 in live cells that is triggered by phorbol ester stimulation and, importantly, differs strikingly from the sustained translocation to plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Homo sapiens	111-115
19587381-8	2009	Phorbol ester mimicked the effect of M-CSF, activating ERK independent of SHP2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	37-42
19581308-5	2009	A fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based translocation assay reveals a transient association of PKD1 and PKD2 with NHERF-1 in live cells that is triggered by phorbol ester stimulation and, importantly, differs strikingly from the sustained translocation to plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	SLC9A3 regulator 1	Homo sapiens	121-128
19587381-8	2009	Phorbol ester mimicked the effect of M-CSF, activating ERK independent of SHP2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	55-58
19587381-8	2009	Phorbol ester mimicked the effect of M-CSF, activating ERK independent of SHP2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11	Mus musculus	74-78
19584398-2	2009	miR-34a is strongly up-regulated during phorbol ester-induced megakaryocyte differentiation, but not during hemin-induced erythrocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	0-7
19584398-9	2009	However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	12-15
19584398-9	2009	However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	55-62
19584398-9	2009	However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	182-189
19584398-9	2009	However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	12-15
19584398-9	2009	However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	55-62
19584398-9	2009	However, in p53-null K562 cells, phorbol esters induce miR-34a expression independently of p53 by activating an alternative phorbol ester-responsive promoter to produce a longer pri-miR-34a transcript.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	182-189
19535569-11	2009	Moreover, in cultured human podocytes and proximal tubular cells, pharmacological ADAM17 inhibition reduced constitutive TGF-alpha shedding by 78% (P < 0.005) and 100% (P < 0.05), respectively, and phorbol ester-induced TGF-alpha shedding by 84% (P < 0.005) and 92% (P = 0.005), respectively.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	82-88
19618918-2	2009	A unique feature of beta2-chimaerin is that it can be activated by phorbol esters and the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG), which bind with high affinity to its C1 domain and promote beta2-chimaerin translocation to membranes, leading to the inactivation of the small G-protein Rac.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	20-25
19571234-9	2009	Our novel findings demonstrate a posttranscriptional modulation of ileal ASBT function and membrane expression by phorbol ester via a PKCzeta-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	solute carrier family 10 member 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
19571234-9	2009	Our novel findings demonstrate a posttranscriptional modulation of ileal ASBT function and membrane expression by phorbol ester via a PKCzeta-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	134-141
19618918-2	2009	A unique feature of beta2-chimaerin is that it can be activated by phorbol esters and the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG), which bind with high affinity to its C1 domain and promote beta2-chimaerin translocation to membranes, leading to the inactivation of the small G-protein Rac.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	194-199
19639961-3	2009	Protein kinase C (PKC) activators including diacylglycerol and phorbol ester have previously been reported to increase the proportion of FR on the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
19639961-4	2009	Here we identify the alpha-subtype of PKC as the mediator of phorbol ester action on FR recycling and provide evidence that activated PKCalpha is recruited to FR-rich membrane microdomains where, in association with its receptor RACK1, it inhibits FR internalization; the activation state of Cdc42 remains unaltered.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	38-41
19447895-8	2009	In vitro phorbol ester induced a ninefold increase in claudin-4 expression that was dependent on PKC activation and the JNK MAPK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	claudin 4	Mus musculus	54-63
19724676-1	2009	Calphostin C (cal-C) is a photoactivatable inhibitor that binds to the regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC) and to other proteins that contain diacylglycerol/phorbol ester binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	mitochondrial calcium uptake 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
19724676-1	2009	Calphostin C (cal-C) is a photoactivatable inhibitor that binds to the regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC) and to other proteins that contain diacylglycerol/phorbol ester binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	mitochondrial calcium uptake 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
19714574-4	2009	Within 2-3 months, we found GFP-marked CD5(+) B cells in the peritoneal cavities of recipients, which we demonstrate here meet a variety of criteria for B1-cell traits including Mac-1 surface expression; annexin, elfin, and Pax-5 gene expression; mitogenic responsiveness to phorbol ester; and spontaneous immunoglobulin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	39-42
19723886-8	2009	Finally, cell experiments using IPA-3 implicate Pak1 in phorbol-ester-stimulated membrane ruffling.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
19628693-5	2009	In particular, Neuroligin1 enhanced the size of the pool of recycling synaptic vesicles, the rate of synaptic vesicle exocytosis, the fraction of boutons responding to depolarization, as well as the responsiveness of the presynaptic release machinery to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	254-267	neuroligin 1	Mus musculus	15-26
19447895-8	2009	In vitro phorbol ester induced a ninefold increase in claudin-4 expression that was dependent on PKC activation and the JNK MAPK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	120-123
19376222-10	2009	Similarly, phorbol ester also both stimulated Tie1 truncation and activated Tie2 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin like and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
19376222-10	2009	Similarly, phorbol ester also both stimulated Tie1 truncation and activated Tie2 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	TEK receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	76-80
19376222-11	2009	Inhibition of Tie1 cleavage with the metalloprotease inhibitor TAPI-2 suppressed VEGF- and phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of Tie2.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin like and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
19376222-11	2009	Inhibition of Tie1 cleavage with the metalloprotease inhibitor TAPI-2 suppressed VEGF- and phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of Tie2.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	TEK receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	132-136
19512879-6	2009	Spectral shifts in fluorescence emission maxima of the C1B subdomain of PKC epsilon in combination with the fluorescent phorbol ester, sapintoxin D, was used to identify molecular interactions between propofol and the phorbol ester/diacylglycerol binding site on the enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	72-83
19470763-2	2009	In this study, we purified RUNX-1-containing multiprotein complexes from phorbol ester-induced L8057 murine megakaryoblastic cells and identified the ets transcription factor FLI-1 as a novel in vivo-associated factor.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	Friend leukemia integration 1	Mus musculus	175-180
19432558-5	2009	Ethanol, butanol and octanol increased the binding affinity of a fluorescent phorbol ester SAPD (sapintoxin-D) to PKC epsilon C1B in a concentration-dependent manner with EC50 values of 78 mM, 8 mM and 340 microM respectively, suggesting the presence of an allosteric alcohol-binding site in this subdomain.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	114-125
19411314-6	2009	Phorbol ester, ionomycin, endotoxin, and IL-1beta and TNFalpha acutely induced ACE2 release, further supporting that ADAM17 and ADAM10 regulate ACE2 cleavage.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
19411314-6	2009	Phorbol ester, ionomycin, endotoxin, and IL-1beta and TNFalpha acutely induced ACE2 release, further supporting that ADAM17 and ADAM10 regulate ACE2 cleavage.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	117-123
19411314-6	2009	Phorbol ester, ionomycin, endotoxin, and IL-1beta and TNFalpha acutely induced ACE2 release, further supporting that ADAM17 and ADAM10 regulate ACE2 cleavage.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10	Homo sapiens	128-134
19411314-6	2009	Phorbol ester, ionomycin, endotoxin, and IL-1beta and TNFalpha acutely induced ACE2 release, further supporting that ADAM17 and ADAM10 regulate ACE2 cleavage.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	144-148
19470763-2	2009	In this study, we purified RUNX-1-containing multiprotein complexes from phorbol ester-induced L8057 murine megakaryoblastic cells and identified the ets transcription factor FLI-1 as a novel in vivo-associated factor.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	runt related transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	27-33
19438240-4	2009	The most promising compounds were able to displace radiolabeled phorbol ester ([(3)H]PDBu) from PKC alpha and delta at K(i) values in the range of 200-900 nM.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	96-105
19364521-5	2009	In CGCs cultured with low-potassium medium, stimulation of PKC by phorbol ester enhanced the formation of large varicosities in neurites that exhibited immunoreactivity for GLT1a, GLT1b, and EAAC1.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	solute carrier family 1 (neuronal/epithelial high affinity glutamate transporter, system Xag), member 1	Mus musculus	191-196
19261611-5	2009	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters also resulted in phosphorylation of the same PDE3A sites in a PKC-dependent, PKB-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	phosphodiesterase 3A	Homo sapiens	81-86
19332055-5	2009	Here we have shown MAFB to be highly induced in human hematopoietic cells undergoing macrophage differentiation following Tfe3 ectopic expression, and to be down regulated, compared to the controls, in the same cell population following Phorbol Esters (PMA) dependent differentiation coupled to Tfe3 gene silencing.	Phorbol Esters	237-251	MAF bZIP transcription factor B	Homo sapiens	19-23
19393624-5	2009	The phorbol ester PMA prevented elevations in cytosolic Ca(2+) in response to LTB(4), FMLP and PAF with IC(50) values of 5.88, 1.44 and 5.71nM, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-90
19472186-0	2009	Effects of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC (c/nPKC) activation on the production of adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	80-91
19345690-5	2009	Transfection is a useful tool to study the function of gene products, but transfection of THP-1 monocytes and pre-differentiated THP-1 macrophages with subsequent differentiation into mature THP-1 macrophages using phorbol esters is usually accompanied by a progressive loss of cell viability.	Phorbol Esters	215-229	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
19345690-5	2009	Transfection is a useful tool to study the function of gene products, but transfection of THP-1 monocytes and pre-differentiated THP-1 macrophages with subsequent differentiation into mature THP-1 macrophages using phorbol esters is usually accompanied by a progressive loss of cell viability.	Phorbol Esters	215-229	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	129-134
19345690-5	2009	Transfection is a useful tool to study the function of gene products, but transfection of THP-1 monocytes and pre-differentiated THP-1 macrophages with subsequent differentiation into mature THP-1 macrophages using phorbol esters is usually accompanied by a progressive loss of cell viability.	Phorbol Esters	215-229	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	129-134
19422706-2	2009	This process can be modeled in vitro by exposing cells to chemical tumor promoters, phorbol esters and octylindolactam-V (OI-V), known to activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	147-163
19422706-2	2009	This process can be modeled in vitro by exposing cells to chemical tumor promoters, phorbol esters and octylindolactam-V (OI-V), known to activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	165-168
19168130-1	2009	The protein kinase C (PKC) family is the most prominent target of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	22-25
19164471-3	2009	We have recently shown that like ACE, ACE2 undergoes ectodomain shedding and that this shedding event is up-regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	33-36
19164471-3	2009	We have recently shown that like ACE, ACE2 undergoes ectodomain shedding and that this shedding event is up-regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
19170064-2	2009	Among the factors involved, the pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL) has been shown to induce a hepatotrophic response after partial hepatectomy similar to that caused by phorbol esters; and in isolated hepatocytes PRL triggers a mitogenic response.	Phorbol Esters	168-182	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	50-59
19279008-1	2009	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) induces ceramide formation through the salvage pathway involving, in part, acid beta-glucosidase 1 (GBA1), which cleaves glucosylceramide to ceramide.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-30
19279008-1	2009	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) induces ceramide formation through the salvage pathway involving, in part, acid beta-glucosidase 1 (GBA1), which cleaves glucosylceramide to ceramide.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
19279008-1	2009	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) induces ceramide formation through the salvage pathway involving, in part, acid beta-glucosidase 1 (GBA1), which cleaves glucosylceramide to ceramide.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	glucosylceramidase beta	Homo sapiens	192-196
19263515-0	2009	Integrated modulation of phorbol ester-induced Raf activation in EL4 lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	47-50
19263515-0	2009	Integrated modulation of phorbol ester-induced Raf activation in EL4 lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	65-68
19261611-5	2009	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters also resulted in phosphorylation of the same PDE3A sites in a PKC-dependent, PKB-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	113-116
19201818-7	2009	After activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester, V5-tagged GLT-1 is rapidly removed from the cell surface of HEK-293 cells and degraded.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
19357255-2	2009	In contrast, phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C pathway leads to ubiquitination of AQP2 at Lys270 and its internalization to multivesicular bodies, where it is targeted for lysosomal degradation or stored for recycling.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	aquaporin 2	Mus musculus	101-105
19357255-8	2009	Knockdown of LIP5 in mouse renal cells (mpkCCD) reduced the phorbol ester-induced degradation of AQP2 approximately two-fold.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	vesicle (multivesicular body) trafficking 1	Mus musculus	13-17
19357255-8	2009	Knockdown of LIP5 in mouse renal cells (mpkCCD) reduced the phorbol ester-induced degradation of AQP2 approximately two-fold.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	aquaporin 2	Mus musculus	97-101
19144650-8	2009	In contrast, phorbol esters induce Duox2 phosphorylation via protein kinase C activation associated with high H(2)O(2) generation (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate EC(50) = 0.8 nm).	Phorbol Esters	13-27	dual oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
19232538-1	2009	To determine whether macrophage differentiation involves increased uptake of vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, we assessed the expression and function of its transporter SVCT2 during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human-derived THP-1 monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	solute carrier family 23 member 2	Homo sapiens	165-170
19232538-1	2009	To determine whether macrophage differentiation involves increased uptake of vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, we assessed the expression and function of its transporter SVCT2 during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human-derived THP-1 monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	233-238
18988868-0	2009	Phorbol ester-induced PKCepsilon down-modulation sensitizes AML cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	22-32
18988868-0	2009	Phorbol ester-induced PKCepsilon down-modulation sensitizes AML cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	73-78
19258009-3	2009	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester TPA strongly inhibits Cx43 gap junction channels.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	56-60
19056481-1	2009	Farnesyl diphosphate synthetase (FDPS) is a key enzyme in the isoprenoid pathway responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis, post-translational protein modifications and synthesis of steroid hormones, whose expression is regulated by phorbol esters and polyunsaturated fatty acids.	Phorbol Esters	232-246	farnesyl diphosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	0-31
19318319-6	2009	The percentage of IFN-gamma-, IL-17-, IL-5- or IL-13-expressing CD4+ cells was determined by flow cytometry in phorbol ester- (PMA) and calcymycin-activated blood samples.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	18-52
19318319-6	2009	The percentage of IFN-gamma-, IL-17-, IL-5- or IL-13-expressing CD4+ cells was determined by flow cytometry in phorbol ester- (PMA) and calcymycin-activated blood samples.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	64-67
19056481-1	2009	Farnesyl diphosphate synthetase (FDPS) is a key enzyme in the isoprenoid pathway responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis, post-translational protein modifications and synthesis of steroid hormones, whose expression is regulated by phorbol esters and polyunsaturated fatty acids.	Phorbol Esters	232-246	farnesyl diphosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	33-37
18997087-9	2009	Hypoxia activated PKCepsilon, whereas phorbol ester (TPA), oxidation (H(2)O(2)), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) activated PKCgamma and decreased the activity of PKCepsilon.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	protein kinase C, gamma	Mus musculus	132-140
19130898-5	2009	Two structurally-divergent inhibitors of group IV cPLA(2) completely block arachidonic acid release by macrophages in response to non-physiological (Ca(2+) ionophores and phorbol esters) and physiological agonists (lipopolysaccharide and Mycobacterium protein derivative).	Phorbol Esters	171-185	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	50-57
18936517-4	2009	Activation of HepG2 cells with phorbol esters enhances LDL receptor mRNA levels through transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	55-67
19124542-6	2009	In contrast, the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a pharmacological mimic of the downstream mediator diacylglycerol in alpha-adrenergic signalling), caused continuous PKD-dependent HDAC5-GFP nuclear efflux and maintained PKD1-mPlum redistribution.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	186-189
19124542-6	2009	In contrast, the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a pharmacological mimic of the downstream mediator diacylglycerol in alpha-adrenergic signalling), caused continuous PKD-dependent HDAC5-GFP nuclear efflux and maintained PKD1-mPlum redistribution.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	histone deacetylase 5	Mus musculus	200-205
19124542-6	2009	In contrast, the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, a pharmacological mimic of the downstream mediator diacylglycerol in alpha-adrenergic signalling), caused continuous PKD-dependent HDAC5-GFP nuclear efflux and maintained PKD1-mPlum redistribution.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Mus musculus	240-244
19118902-2	2009	We demonstrate that Dicer protein expression in JAR trophoblast cells, and several other cell types, was inhibited by multiple stresses including reactive oxygen species, phorbol esters and the Ras oncogene.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	dicer 1, ribonuclease III	Homo sapiens	20-25
18816790-3	2009	2) Evoked acetylcholine (ACh) release is enhanced with the PKA agonist Sp-8-BrcAMP and the PKC agonist phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	103-116	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
18816790-10	2009	In contrast, PKA inhibition prevent PKC stimulation (with the phorbol ester) and coupling to ACh output.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
18816790-10	2009	In contrast, PKA inhibition prevent PKC stimulation (with the phorbol ester) and coupling to ACh output.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
19033536-2	2009	Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that phorbol ester, PMA (1 microM, 24 h), upregulates butyrate transport and MCT1 protein expression in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	solute carrier family 16 member 1	Homo sapiens	132-136
19004007-6	2009	Although the levels of the epidermal growth factor receptors and MSK were similar, the Ras-MAPK pathway was differentially induced by phorbol esters (12-O tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) or epidermal growth factor, with the response of this signaling pathway being cell-type specific.	Phorbol Esters	134-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	91-95
18978809-6	2009	Our results show that phorbol ester treatment stimulated the formation of palladin-containing podosomes in invasive, but not in non-invasive cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein	Homo sapiens	74-82
18988696-5	2009	Induction of ICOS mRNA levels by phorbol ester (PMA) plus ionomycin (Io) activation in mouse splenocytes was attenuated by Delta(9)-THC in a concentration-related manner.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	inducible T cell co-stimulator	Mus musculus	13-17
19047197-4	2009	SOCs stimulated by CPA, BAPTA-AM and the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) were reduced by anti-PIP(2) antibodies and by depletion of tissue PIP(2) levels by pre-treatment of preparations with wortmannin and LY294002.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	prolactin-inducible protein homolog	Oryctolagus cuniculus	108-111
19753331-3	2009	In the current work, we have demonstrated a constitutive production of B2 receptor mRNA in the human promonocyte U937 cells and its two-fold augmentation after cell differentiation with retinoic acid and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	bradykinin receptor B2	Homo sapiens	71-82
19124743-5	2009	Nevertheless, when TCR signaling was circumvented with phorbol ester and ionomycin, we observed proliferation of CTCF-deficient T cells, enabling the analysis of Th2 differentiation in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	CCCTC-binding factor	Mus musculus	113-117
19753331-8	2009	In addition, an unexpected strong induction of B2 receptor by this compound was observed in the retinoic acid- and phorbol ester-differentiated cells (by 150% and 200%, respectively) that suggests a possible autoregulation of kinin receptors by own agonists during the inflammatory state.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	bradykinin receptor B2	Homo sapiens	47-58
19753331-9	2009	On the other hand, a strong enhancement of the expression of both receptors by interleukin 1beta, especially in the phorbol ester-differentiated cells, indicates the involvement of kinin receptors in the propagation of the inflammatory processes.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	79-96
19079288-6	2009	Unexpectedly, we found that stimulation with phorbol ester alone is sufficient to trigger Fas ligand release, whereas calcium ionophore is neither sufficient nor necessary.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	90-100
19228446-0	2009	Effect of phorbol esters on the macrophage-mediated biodegradation of polyurethanes via protein kinase C activation and other pathways.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	88-104
19374776-2	2009	One of the immediate early genes, early growth response gene 1 (EGR-1), has been implicated in differentiation of human monoblastoma cells along the monocytic commitment following treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	34-62
19374776-2	2009	One of the immediate early genes, early growth response gene 1 (EGR-1), has been implicated in differentiation of human monoblastoma cells along the monocytic commitment following treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
19305641-4	2009	Phorbol ester treatment of cells transfected with NLS-claudin-1 resulted in an exclusion of claudin-1 from the nucleus, despite the NLS.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	claudin 1	Homo sapiens	54-63
19305641-4	2009	Phorbol ester treatment of cells transfected with NLS-claudin-1 resulted in an exclusion of claudin-1 from the nucleus, despite the NLS.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	claudin 1	Homo sapiens	92-101
19228446-8	2009	Although this study demonstrated a role for oxidation via a PKC-activated pathway in MDM-mediated PCNU degradation, phorbol esters appear to also activate non-PKC pathways that have roles in biodegradation.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	159-162
19066281-4	2009	Here, we show that phorbol-ester-induced activation of protein kinase C and protein kinase D stimulates association of DLC1 with the phosphoserine/phosphothreonine-binding 14-3-3 adaptor proteins via recognition motifs that involve Ser327 and Ser431.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	119-123
19066281-6	2009	We further show that treatment of cells with phorbol ester or coexpression of 14-3-3 proteins, blocks DLC1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, probably by masking a previously unrecognized nuclear localization sequence.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	DLC1 Rho GTPase activating protein	Homo sapiens	102-106
19519169-0	2009	Inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling interferes with phorbol ester-induced growth arrest of keratinocytes in a TNFR1-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	108-113
20168983-2	2009	Among them, we recently found that Rottlerin inhibits the Nuclear Factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activated by either phorbol esters or H(2)O(2).	Phorbol Esters	112-126	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	58-79
20168983-2	2009	Among them, we recently found that Rottlerin inhibits the Nuclear Factor kappaB (NFkappaB), activated by either phorbol esters or H(2)O(2).	Phorbol Esters	112-126	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	81-89
19012746-0	2009	Enhanced generation of Alzheimer"s amyloid-beta following chronic exposure to phorbol ester correlates with differential effects on alpha and epsilon isozymes of protein kinase C. Alzheimer"s amyloid precursor protein (APP) sorting and processing are modulated through signal transduction mechanisms regulated by protein phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	192-217
19012746-4	2009	These data indicate that, unlike acute phorbol ester application, which is accompanied by lowered Abeta generation, chronic phorbol ester treatment causes differential regulation of PKC isozymes and increased Abeta generation.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	182-185
20155627-0	2009	Piceatannol inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-kappa B activation and COX-2 expression in cultured human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
18931473-2	2009	Specific PKC isoforms are activated and downregulated differentially by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	9-12
18606397-5	2008	SH-5 also blocked NF-kappaB activation induced by TNF-alpha, lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester, and cigarette smoke but not that activated by hydrogen peroxide and RANK ligand, indicating differential requirement of AKT.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	18-27
18829761-4	2008	Here, we show that Vpx is required, albeit to a different extent, for the infection of all myeloid but not of lymphoid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and monocytoid THP-1 cells that had been induced to differentiate with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	231-245	vpx protein	Simian immunodeficiency virus	19-22
18719353-0	2008	Induction of the nuclear proto-oncogene c-fos by the phorbol ester TPA and v-H-Ras.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	25-45
18534676-2	2008	In addition, the influence of phorbol ester (PMA) on PML NBs formation was analyzed.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	PML nuclear body scaffold	Homo sapiens	53-56
19048121-0	2008	Phorbol ester enhances KAI1 transcription by recruiting Tip60/Pontin complexes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD82 molecule	Homo sapiens	23-27
19048121-0	2008	Phorbol ester enhances KAI1 transcription by recruiting Tip60/Pontin complexes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	lysine acetyltransferase 5	Homo sapiens	56-61
19048121-0	2008	Phorbol ester enhances KAI1 transcription by recruiting Tip60/Pontin complexes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	RuvB like AAA ATPase 1	Homo sapiens	62-68
18973552-3	2008	Phorbol esters induced translocation of endogenous PKCepsilon to the plasma membrane and thereby enhanced CAPS currents.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	51-61
18693254-0	2008	Phorbol ester-dependent phosphorylation regulates the association of p57/coronin-1 with the actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	coronin 1A	Homo sapiens	69-72
18693254-0	2008	Phorbol ester-dependent phosphorylation regulates the association of p57/coronin-1 with the actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	coronin 1A	Homo sapiens	73-82
18829454-8	2008	In cell-based assays, CID755673 blocked phorbol ester-induced endogenous PKD1 activation in LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	73-77
18829454-9	2008	Functionally, CID755673 inhibited the known biological actions of PKD1 including phorbol ester-induced class IIa histone deacetylase 5 nuclear exclusion, vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein transport from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, and the ilimaquinone-induced Golgi fragmentation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	66-70
19005070-9	2008	Despite this, we observed competition for APP when TACE activity was enhanced via phorbol ester treatment or if APP was modified such that it was retained within the trans-Golgi network (TGN).	Phorbol Esters	82-95	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	51-55
18800802-0	2008	Chondroitin sulfate extracted from ascidian tunic inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of Inflammatory factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by blocking NF-kappaB activation in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	116-122
18800802-0	2008	Chondroitin sulfate extracted from ascidian tunic inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of Inflammatory factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by blocking NF-kappaB activation in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	127-132
18650246-7	2008	VIP-induced accumulation of apical CFTR was mimicked by phorbol ester but not by forskolin, and it was blocked by the protein kinase (PK)C inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide X (BisX) or chelerythrine chloride but not by the PKA inhibitor N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide dihydrochloride (H89).	Phorbol Esters	56-69	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	0-3
18650246-7	2008	VIP-induced accumulation of apical CFTR was mimicked by phorbol ester but not by forskolin, and it was blocked by the protein kinase (PK)C inhibitors bisindolylmaleimide X (BisX) or chelerythrine chloride but not by the PKA inhibitor N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide dihydrochloride (H89).	Phorbol Esters	56-69	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	35-39
18577431-0	2008	Characterization of the bovine angiotensin converting enzyme promoter: essential roles of Egr-1, ATF-2 and Ets-1 in the regulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Bos taurus	31-60
18583398-10	2008	Rat and human hepatocellular Mrp2 were phosphorylated by phorbol ester pretreatment and recombinant cPKC alpha, nPKC epsilon, and PKA, respectively, in a staurosporine-sensitive manner.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
18621736-8	2008	In particular, treatment of cells with phorbol esters enhances ADAM12 immunostaining in the membrane fractions and the co-immunoprecipitation of ternary complexes containing RACK1, ADAM12, and PKC.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12	Homo sapiens	63-69
18621736-8	2008	In particular, treatment of cells with phorbol esters enhances ADAM12 immunostaining in the membrane fractions and the co-immunoprecipitation of ternary complexes containing RACK1, ADAM12, and PKC.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	174-179
18621736-8	2008	In particular, treatment of cells with phorbol esters enhances ADAM12 immunostaining in the membrane fractions and the co-immunoprecipitation of ternary complexes containing RACK1, ADAM12, and PKC.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12	Homo sapiens	181-187
18656454-2	2008	Similar to other cannabinoids, we demonstrated previously that CBD suppressed interleukin-2 (IL-2) production from phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io)-activated murine splenocytes.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	78-91
18656454-2	2008	Similar to other cannabinoids, we demonstrated previously that CBD suppressed interleukin-2 (IL-2) production from phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io)-activated murine splenocytes.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	93-97
18577431-0	2008	Characterization of the bovine angiotensin converting enzyme promoter: essential roles of Egr-1, ATF-2 and Ets-1 in the regulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	90-95
18768868-0	2008	An atypical NF-kappa B-regulated pathway mediates phorbol ester-dependent heme oxygenase-1 gene activation in monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-90
18768868-2	2008	In this study it is reported that the HO-1 gene is transcriptionally induced by the phorbol ester PMA in cell cultures of monocytic cells with a regulatory pattern that is different from that of LPS-dependent HO-1 induction in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
18577431-0	2008	Characterization of the bovine angiotensin converting enzyme promoter: essential roles of Egr-1, ATF-2 and Ets-1 in the regulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	activating transcription factor 2	Bos taurus	97-102
18577431-0	2008	Characterization of the bovine angiotensin converting enzyme promoter: essential roles of Egr-1, ATF-2 and Ets-1 in the regulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor	Bos taurus	107-112
18601899-3	2008	This increased trafficking of AQP3 was suppressed by phospholipase C and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors and a phorbol ester accelerated the trafficking of AQP3 to the membrane fraction.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	aquaporin 3 (Gill blood group)	Homo sapiens	30-34
18586676-3	2008	We here describe two novel consequences of this shedding, during neutrophil activation by phorbol esters or by chemoattractants after TNF-alpha priming.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	134-143
18601899-3	2008	This increased trafficking of AQP3 was suppressed by phospholipase C and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors and a phorbol ester accelerated the trafficking of AQP3 to the membrane fraction.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	aquaporin 3 (Gill blood group)	Homo sapiens	158-162
18635599-7	2008	We show that lipid rafts are required for enterocyte migration, that IFN displaces Cx43 from lipid rafts, and that the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) restores Cx43 to lipid rafts after treatment with IFN in a protein kinase C-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
18635599-7	2008	We show that lipid rafts are required for enterocyte migration, that IFN displaces Cx43 from lipid rafts, and that the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) restores Cx43 to lipid rafts after treatment with IFN in a protein kinase C-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	221-224
18757424-7	2008	TSP1 causes a significant increase in phorbol ester-mediated superoxide generation from differentiated monocytes by interaction with alpha(6)beta(1) integrin through its NH(2)-terminal region.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18523140-4	2008	HA-PLD2 confers PLD activity that is activated by phorbol ester, ionomycin, and okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	phospholipase D2	Mus musculus	3-7
18523140-4	2008	HA-PLD2 confers PLD activity that is activated by phorbol ester, ionomycin, and okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	3-6
18577515-5	2008	Stimulation with cholecystokinin (CCK), carbachol, and vasoactive intestinal peptide all induced Rap1 activation, as did calcium ionophore A23187, phorbol ester, forskolin, 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, and the Epac-specific cAMP analog 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	cholecystokinin	Mus musculus	17-32
18577515-5	2008	Stimulation with cholecystokinin (CCK), carbachol, and vasoactive intestinal peptide all induced Rap1 activation, as did calcium ionophore A23187, phorbol ester, forskolin, 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, and the Epac-specific cAMP analog 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	cholecystokinin	Mus musculus	34-37
18577515-5	2008	Stimulation with cholecystokinin (CCK), carbachol, and vasoactive intestinal peptide all induced Rap1 activation, as did calcium ionophore A23187, phorbol ester, forskolin, 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, and the Epac-specific cAMP analog 8-pCPT-2"-O-Me-cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	97-101
18559347-6	2008	Moreover, activation of the protein kinase C pathway by treatment with phorbol ester, which has been shown previously to result in CUGBP1 phosphorylation, also causes TNF mRNA stabilization.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	CUGBP, Elav-like family member 1	Mus musculus	131-137
18559347-6	2008	Moreover, activation of the protein kinase C pathway by treatment with phorbol ester, which has been shown previously to result in CUGBP1 phosphorylation, also causes TNF mRNA stabilization.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	167-170
18701688-0	2008	Phorbol esters modulate spontaneous and Ca2+-evoked transmitter release via acting on both Munc13 and protein kinase C. Diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters strongly potentiate transmitter release at synapses by activating protein kinase C (PKC) and members of the Munc13 family of presynaptic vesicle priming proteins.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	unc-13 homolog B	Mus musculus	91-97
18701688-0	2008	Phorbol esters modulate spontaneous and Ca2+-evoked transmitter release via acting on both Munc13 and protein kinase C. Diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters strongly potentiate transmitter release at synapses by activating protein kinase C (PKC) and members of the Munc13 family of presynaptic vesicle priming proteins.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	unc-13 homolog B	Mus musculus	268-274
18701688-0	2008	Phorbol esters modulate spontaneous and Ca2+-evoked transmitter release via acting on both Munc13 and protein kinase C. Diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters strongly potentiate transmitter release at synapses by activating protein kinase C (PKC) and members of the Munc13 family of presynaptic vesicle priming proteins.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	unc-13 homolog B	Mus musculus	91-97
18701688-0	2008	Phorbol esters modulate spontaneous and Ca2+-evoked transmitter release via acting on both Munc13 and protein kinase C. Diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters strongly potentiate transmitter release at synapses by activating protein kinase C (PKC) and members of the Munc13 family of presynaptic vesicle priming proteins.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	unc-13 homolog B	Mus musculus	268-274
18372499-7	2008	Greater frequencies of CD56(bright) NK cells from chronic HCV patients produced interferon-gamma compared with HCV responders (p = 0.05) and controls (p = 0.0001) after phorbol ester stimulation in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
18685024-4	2008	From paired-pulse facilitation experiments, and considering the enhancement of mEPSC frequency, we conclude that ESCA(1)-induced Epac activity is presynaptic in origin and increases p. In addition, preapplication of ESCA(1) augmented a subsequent enhancement of evoked EPSC amplitudes by phorbol ester (PDBu).	Phorbol Esters	288-301	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 3	Mus musculus	129-133
18372499-7	2008	Greater frequencies of CD56(bright) NK cells from chronic HCV patients produced interferon-gamma compared with HCV responders (p = 0.05) and controls (p = 0.0001) after phorbol ester stimulation in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	80-96
18348264-8	2008	The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase has been implicated in mTOR regulation by phorbol esters, but was not activated by carbachol in any of the cell lines tested.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	cellular inhibitor of PP2A	Homo sapiens	4-7
18348264-8	2008	The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase has been implicated in mTOR regulation by phorbol esters, but was not activated by carbachol in any of the cell lines tested.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	51-55
18467123-4	2008	The in vitro studies revealed that LB cells could not bind HA, either under static or dynamic (i.e., shear flow) conditions, unless their CD44 is activated by phorbol ester, deglycosylated (to increase the CD44 positive net charge) or transfected with CD44 variants.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	138-142
18654930-8	2008	Pretreatment of the cells with phorbol ester facilitated the NHE7-CD44 interaction and the lipid raft association of CD44.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	solute carrier family 9 member A7	Homo sapiens	61-65
18654930-8	2008	Pretreatment of the cells with phorbol ester facilitated the NHE7-CD44 interaction and the lipid raft association of CD44.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	66-70
18654930-8	2008	Pretreatment of the cells with phorbol ester facilitated the NHE7-CD44 interaction and the lipid raft association of CD44.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	117-121
18575575-7	2008	THP-1 cells were magnetically labeled with FePro, differentiated with 100 nM of phorbol ester, 12-Myristate-13-acetate (TPA) and stimulated with 100 ng/ml of LPS.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
18577577-3	2008	Since PEs can activate PKCalpha, AFAP-110 is a substrate of PKCalpha and PKCalpha-AFAP-110 interactions direct podosome formation, we sought to identify a PE-induced phosphorylation site in AFAP-110 and determine whether phosphorylation is linked to the formation of podosomes.	Phorbol Esters	6-8	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	23-31
18577577-5	2008	The use of a newly generated, phospho-specific antibody directed against phosphorylated Ser277 revealed that PKCalpha activation is associated with PE-induced AFAP-110 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	148-150	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	109-117
18577577-5	2008	The use of a newly generated, phospho-specific antibody directed against phosphorylated Ser277 revealed that PKCalpha activation is associated with PE-induced AFAP-110 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	148-150	actin filament associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-167
18436431-0	2008	Phorbol ester-stimulated NF-kappaB-dependent transcription: roles for isoforms of novel protein kinase C. Since protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms are variously implicated in the activation of NF-kappaB, we have investigated the role of PKC in the activation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription by the diacyl glycerol (DAG) mimetic, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and by tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha in pulmonary A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	25-34
18436431-0	2008	Phorbol ester-stimulated NF-kappaB-dependent transcription: roles for isoforms of novel protein kinase C. Since protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms are variously implicated in the activation of NF-kappaB, we have investigated the role of PKC in the activation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription by the diacyl glycerol (DAG) mimetic, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and by tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha in pulmonary A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	130-133
18534741-0	2008	Activation of PKC epsilon induces lactotroph proliferation through ERK1/2 in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	14-25
18534741-0	2008	Activation of PKC epsilon induces lactotroph proliferation through ERK1/2 in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	67-73
18577575-3	2008	SCA14 mutant PKCgamma proteins showed enhanced phorbol-ester-induced kinetics when compared with wild-type PKCgamma.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	0-5
18577575-3	2008	SCA14 mutant PKCgamma proteins showed enhanced phorbol-ester-induced kinetics when compared with wild-type PKCgamma.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	13-21
18577575-4	2008	The mutations led to a decrease in intramolecular FRET of PKCgamma, suggesting that they ;open" PKCgamma protein conformation leading to unmasking of the phorbol ester binding site in the C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	58-66
18577575-4	2008	The mutations led to a decrease in intramolecular FRET of PKCgamma, suggesting that they ;open" PKCgamma protein conformation leading to unmasking of the phorbol ester binding site in the C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	96-104
18577577-1	2008	AFAP-110 is an actin-binding and -crosslinking protein that is enriched in Src and phorbol ester (PE)-induced podosomes.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	actin filament associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
18577577-1	2008	AFAP-110 is an actin-binding and -crosslinking protein that is enriched in Src and phorbol ester (PE)-induced podosomes.	Phorbol Esters	98-100	actin filament associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
18381652-2	2008	It is known that activation of PKC by phorbol esters promotes the clathrin-dependent internalization of the transporter, followed by its lysosomal degradation.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
18435914-3	2008	We have previously shown that two critical elements of Fra-1 promoter, the upstream TPA response element (TRE) and the serum response element (SRE), are necessary for its induction in response to phorbol esters in human pulmonary epithelial cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	196-210	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	55-60
18501114-6	2008	RESULTS: The data showed phorbol ester-dependent PKCalpha promoted the proliferation of ASMC.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	49-57
18408015-8	2008	When the PKCepsilon C1b domain is expressed in neuroblastoma cells together with peripherin, both phorbol ester-induced peripherin aggregation and apoptosis are abolished, supporting a model in which PKCepsilon through its interaction with peripherin facilitates its aggregation and subsequent cell death.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	9-19
18408015-8	2008	When the PKCepsilon C1b domain is expressed in neuroblastoma cells together with peripherin, both phorbol ester-induced peripherin aggregation and apoptosis are abolished, supporting a model in which PKCepsilon through its interaction with peripherin facilitates its aggregation and subsequent cell death.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	peripherin	Homo sapiens	81-91
18408015-8	2008	When the PKCepsilon C1b domain is expressed in neuroblastoma cells together with peripherin, both phorbol ester-induced peripherin aggregation and apoptosis are abolished, supporting a model in which PKCepsilon through its interaction with peripherin facilitates its aggregation and subsequent cell death.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	peripherin	Homo sapiens	120-130
18408015-8	2008	When the PKCepsilon C1b domain is expressed in neuroblastoma cells together with peripherin, both phorbol ester-induced peripherin aggregation and apoptosis are abolished, supporting a model in which PKCepsilon through its interaction with peripherin facilitates its aggregation and subsequent cell death.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	200-210
18408015-8	2008	When the PKCepsilon C1b domain is expressed in neuroblastoma cells together with peripherin, both phorbol ester-induced peripherin aggregation and apoptosis are abolished, supporting a model in which PKCepsilon through its interaction with peripherin facilitates its aggregation and subsequent cell death.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	peripherin	Homo sapiens	120-130
18385290-6	2008	Downregulation of PKC by prolonged treatment of cells with the phorbol ester PMA diminished carbachol-induced ERK phosphorylation but had no effect on pilocarpine responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
18287572-5	2008	In vitro studies with primary mouse granulosa cells document that Adam8 is induced in response to forskolin (Fo) and phorbol ester (PMA) or Fo and Amphiregulin treatment.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 8	Mus musculus	66-71
18262756-7	2008	Inhibition of PKD2 activity or siRNA knockdown of PKD2 resulted in a marked perinuclear retention of chromogranin A immunofluorescence in the trans Golgi network and led to a marked reduction in basal as well as phorbol ester stimulated secretion of chromogranin A into the supernatant of cells.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Homo sapiens	50-54
18417360-3	2008	Here we show that phosphorylation of GluR2 subunits by PKC activated with phorbol esters is compartmentally restricted to receptors located at the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
18507834-8	2008	The production of IL-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures was induced by activation for 48 hr with Staphylococcal protein A (SPA) and, in parallel preparations, with the combination of phorbol ester (TPA) and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
18483269-1	2008	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a family of novel diacylglycerol/phorbol ester targets that regulate many important cellular functions including cell growth and survival.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-16
18483269-1	2008	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a family of novel diacylglycerol/phorbol ester targets that regulate many important cellular functions including cell growth and survival.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	18-21
18332130-6	2008	Functionally, like L-selectin-c, both L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 expressed in cultured cells underwent phorbol ester-induced shedding, although L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 were shed to a greater and lesser degree, respectively, than L-selectin-c.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	38-48
18332130-6	2008	Functionally, like L-selectin-c, both L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 expressed in cultured cells underwent phorbol ester-induced shedding, although L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 were shed to a greater and lesser degree, respectively, than L-selectin-c.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	38-48
18332130-6	2008	Functionally, like L-selectin-c, both L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 expressed in cultured cells underwent phorbol ester-induced shedding, although L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 were shed to a greater and lesser degree, respectively, than L-selectin-c.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	38-48
18332130-6	2008	Functionally, like L-selectin-c, both L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 expressed in cultured cells underwent phorbol ester-induced shedding, although L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 were shed to a greater and lesser degree, respectively, than L-selectin-c.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	38-48
18332130-6	2008	Functionally, like L-selectin-c, both L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 expressed in cultured cells underwent phorbol ester-induced shedding, although L-selectin-v1 and L-selectin-v2 were shed to a greater and lesser degree, respectively, than L-selectin-c.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	38-48
18346469-1	2008	It is known that protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction is enhanced in a diabetic state, and that PKC activator phorbol esters increase the gene expression of MDR1 in human tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
18346469-1	2008	It is known that protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction is enhanced in a diabetic state, and that PKC activator phorbol esters increase the gene expression of MDR1 in human tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
18346469-1	2008	It is known that protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction is enhanced in a diabetic state, and that PKC activator phorbol esters increase the gene expression of MDR1 in human tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
18248623-0	2008	Phorbol ester induced trafficking-independent regulation and enhanced phosphorylation of the dopamine transporter associated with membrane rafts and cholesterol.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	93-113
18439913-2	2008	In cells stimulated by the PKC activating phorbol esters, DNA breakage was unaffected, PARP-1 was phosphorylated, 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine-induced PARP activation and cell necrosis were suppressed, with all these effects attenuated by the PKC inhibitors GF109203X or Go6976.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	87-93
18439913-2	2008	In cells stimulated by the PKC activating phorbol esters, DNA breakage was unaffected, PARP-1 was phosphorylated, 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine-induced PARP activation and cell necrosis were suppressed, with all these effects attenuated by the PKC inhibitors GF109203X or Go6976.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
18262756-7	2008	Inhibition of PKD2 activity or siRNA knockdown of PKD2 resulted in a marked perinuclear retention of chromogranin A immunofluorescence in the trans Golgi network and led to a marked reduction in basal as well as phorbol ester stimulated secretion of chromogranin A into the supernatant of cells.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	101-115
18293408-5	2008	Mobilization of intracellular calcium with ionophore potently augments the promoter activity and mRNA and protein expression of Rcan 1-4 and Cox-2 induced by combined treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	182-196	regulator of calcineurin 1	Homo sapiens	128-134
18293408-5	2008	Mobilization of intracellular calcium with ionophore potently augments the promoter activity and mRNA and protein expression of Rcan 1-4 and Cox-2 induced by combined treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	182-196	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	141-146
18187554-4	2008	The stimulation was mimicked by forskolin, phorbol ester, and the cAMP-selective PTH analog [G(1),R(19)] hPTH (1-28) and inhibited completely by the protein kinase A inhibitor, H89 and partially by phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C depletion.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	parathyroid hormone	Mus musculus	81-84
18291120-4	2008	A downregulation of Nox4 was observed at 6 h and an upregulation at 48 h after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	20-24
18215133-3	2008	In a similar manner to insulin, phorbol esters also activate mTORC1 signalling, in this case via PKC (protein kinase C) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase).	Phorbol Esters	32-46	insulin	Homo sapiens	23-30
18215133-3	2008	In a similar manner to insulin, phorbol esters also activate mTORC1 signalling, in this case via PKC (protein kinase C) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase).	Phorbol Esters	32-46	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	61-67
18215133-3	2008	In a similar manner to insulin, phorbol esters also activate mTORC1 signalling, in this case via PKC (protein kinase C) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase).	Phorbol Esters	32-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
18215133-3	2008	In a similar manner to insulin, phorbol esters also activate mTORC1 signalling, in this case via PKC (protein kinase C) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase).	Phorbol Esters	32-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	129-166
18215133-8	2008	Our results show that activation of mTORC1 signalling by phorbol esters does not require PRAS40 to be phosphorylated at Thr(246), bind to 14-3-3 or be released from mTORC1.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	36-42
18215133-9	2008	It is conceivable that phorbol esters activate mTORC1 by a distinct mechanism not involving PRAS40.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	47-53
18285345-2	2008	Here we demonstrate Ser(357) of rat IRS-1 as a novel PKC-delta-dependent phosphorylation site in skeletal muscle cells upon stimulation with insulin and phorbol ester using Ser(P)(357) antibodies and active and kinase dead mutants of PKC-delta.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	insulin receptor substrate 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
18263588-0	2008	Characterization of the interaction of phorbol esters with the C1 domain of MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase) alpha/beta.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	76-80
18263588-0	2008	Characterization of the interaction of phorbol esters with the C1 domain of MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase) alpha/beta.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	82-143
18263588-1	2008	C1 domains mediate the recognition and subsequent signaling response to diacylglycerol and phorbol esters by protein kinase C (PKC) and by several other families of signal-transducing proteins such as the chimerins or RasGRP.	Phorbol Esters	91-105	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	127-130
18263588-1	2008	C1 domains mediate the recognition and subsequent signaling response to diacylglycerol and phorbol esters by protein kinase C (PKC) and by several other families of signal-transducing proteins such as the chimerins or RasGRP.	Phorbol Esters	91-105	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	218-224
18263588-2	2008	MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase), a member of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase family that functions downstream of Cdc42, contains a C1 domain with substantial homology to that of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive C1 domains and has been reported to bind phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	235-248	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
18263588-2	2008	MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase), a member of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase family that functions downstream of Cdc42, contains a C1 domain with substantial homology to that of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive C1 domains and has been reported to bind phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	235-248	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	6-60
18263588-2	2008	MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase), a member of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase family that functions downstream of Cdc42, contains a C1 domain with substantial homology to that of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive C1 domains and has been reported to bind phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	235-248	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	40-45
18263588-2	2008	MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase), a member of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase family that functions downstream of Cdc42, contains a C1 domain with substantial homology to that of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive C1 domains and has been reported to bind phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	301-314	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
18263588-2	2008	MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase), a member of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase family that functions downstream of Cdc42, contains a C1 domain with substantial homology to that of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive C1 domains and has been reported to bind phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	301-314	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	6-60
18263588-2	2008	MRCK (myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42 binding kinase), a member of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase family that functions downstream of Cdc42, contains a C1 domain with substantial homology to that of the diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive C1 domains and has been reported to bind phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	301-314	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	40-45
18263588-3	2008	We have characterized here the interaction of the C1 domains of the two MRCK isoforms alpha and beta with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	72-76
18263588-7	2008	In intact cells, as in the binding assays, the MRCK C1 domains required 50-100-fold higher concentrations of phorbol ester for induction of membrane translocation.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	47-51
18263588-8	2008	We conclude that additional structural elements within the MRCK structure are necessary if the C1 domains of MRCK are to respond to phorbol ester at concentrations comparable with those that modulate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	59-63
18263588-8	2008	We conclude that additional structural elements within the MRCK structure are necessary if the C1 domains of MRCK are to respond to phorbol ester at concentrations comparable with those that modulate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	109-113
18187412-1	2008	The diacylglycerol (DG)/phorbol ester-dependent translocation of conventional protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes is mediated by the C1 domain, a membrane-targeting module that also selectively binds phosphatidylserine (PS).	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	96-99
18155767-10	2008	We observe that glycodelin A is inhibitory to T cells even upon phorbol ester and ionophore stimulation which bypasses the TCR-proximal signaling events, and that glycodelin A treatment does not interfere with T cell activation as evidenced from induction of the activation marker CD69.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	16-28
17908177-3	2008	In primary amygdala neurons, a selective PKCepsilon activator, psiepsilonRACK, increased levels of pro-CRF, whereas reducing PKCepsilon levels through RNA interference blocked phorbol ester-stimulated increases in CRF.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	41-51
17908177-3	2008	In primary amygdala neurons, a selective PKCepsilon activator, psiepsilonRACK, increased levels of pro-CRF, whereas reducing PKCepsilon levels through RNA interference blocked phorbol ester-stimulated increases in CRF.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	125-135
18187412-11	2008	The decreased effectiveness of DG compared with phorbol esters in retaining the C1 domain on membranes contributes to the molecular dichotomy of the rapid, transient nature of DG-dependent PKC signaling versus the chronic hyperactivity of phorbol ester-activated PKC.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	189-192
18187412-11	2008	The decreased effectiveness of DG compared with phorbol esters in retaining the C1 domain on membranes contributes to the molecular dichotomy of the rapid, transient nature of DG-dependent PKC signaling versus the chronic hyperactivity of phorbol ester-activated PKC.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	189-192
18190909-3	2008	Treatment of acute striatal slices with a PKC-activating phorbol ester caused a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the levels of phospho-Ser6 inhibitor-1, phospho-Ser67 inhibitor-1, and phospho-Thr75 dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32,000 (DARPP-32).	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Mus musculus	144-155
18162466-6	2008	The phorbol ester-mediated dephosphorylation of the hydrophobic site, but not the turn motif or activation loop, is insensitive to okadaic acid, consistent with PHLPP, a PP2C family member, controlling the hydrophobic site.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	161-166
18162466-7	2008	In addition, knockdown of PHLPP expression reduces the rate of phorbol ester-triggered dephosphorylation of the hydrophobic motif, but not turn motif, of PKC alpha.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
18162466-7	2008	In addition, knockdown of PHLPP expression reduces the rate of phorbol ester-triggered dephosphorylation of the hydrophobic motif, but not turn motif, of PKC alpha.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	154-163
18190909-3	2008	Treatment of acute striatal slices with a PKC-activating phorbol ester caused a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the levels of phospho-Ser6 inhibitor-1, phospho-Ser67 inhibitor-1, and phospho-Thr75 dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32,000 (DARPP-32).	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory inhibitor subunit 1A	Mus musculus	171-182
18190909-3	2008	Treatment of acute striatal slices with a PKC-activating phorbol ester caused a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the levels of phospho-Ser6 inhibitor-1, phospho-Ser67 inhibitor-1, and phospho-Thr75 dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32,000 (DARPP-32).	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory inhibitor subunit 1B	Mus musculus	202-256
18190909-3	2008	Treatment of acute striatal slices with a PKC-activating phorbol ester caused a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the levels of phospho-Ser6 inhibitor-1, phospho-Ser67 inhibitor-1, and phospho-Thr75 dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32,000 (DARPP-32).	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory inhibitor subunit 1B	Mus musculus	258-266
18190909-8	2008	Furthermore, Cdk5 immunoprecipitated from striatal slices treated with phorbol ester had unaltered activity toward a control substrate in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	13-17
18258815-4	2008	Dicer knockdown HMECs demonstrated lower inducible production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when activated with either phorbol ester, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or vascular endothelial growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	dicer 1, ribonuclease III	Homo sapiens	0-5
18089565-0	2008	Different mechanisms regulate lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-dependent versus phorbol ester-dependent internalization of the LPA1 receptor.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Mus musculus	122-126
17965877-7	2008	In contrast to wt-AQP2 but consistent with the introduced protein kinase C (PKC) consensus site, AQP2-E258K was phosphorylated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	130-144	aquaporin 2	Canis lupus familiaris	97-101
18029162-0	2008	Activation of p38 and JNK MAPK pathways abrogates requirement for new protein synthesis for phorbol ester mediated induction of select MMP and TIMP genes.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
18029162-0	2008	Activation of p38 and JNK MAPK pathways abrogates requirement for new protein synthesis for phorbol ester mediated induction of select MMP and TIMP genes.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	22-25
18029162-0	2008	Activation of p38 and JNK MAPK pathways abrogates requirement for new protein synthesis for phorbol ester mediated induction of select MMP and TIMP genes.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	26-30
18029162-0	2008	Activation of p38 and JNK MAPK pathways abrogates requirement for new protein synthesis for phorbol ester mediated induction of select MMP and TIMP genes.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	143-147
18249135-6	2008	Moreover, the activity of the promoter-luciferase construct ostensibly paralleled endogenous Nav1.7 mRNA levels in vitro, with both increased in a quantitatively and qualitatively similar manner by numerous factors (including NGF, phorbol esters, retinoic acid, and Brn-3a transcription factor over-expression).	Phorbol Esters	231-245	sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Homo sapiens	93-99
17919781-0	2008	Internalization and degradation of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
18077453-4	2008	Our results demonstrate that nuclear PtdIns(4,5)P2 down-regulation caused a delay in phorbol ester-induced S phase entry and that this was at least in part channeled through cyclin A2 at the transcriptional level.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	cyclin A2	Homo sapiens	174-183
18089565-3	2008	In this study, we show that phorbol ester (PMA)-induced internalization of the LPA(1) receptor requires clathrin AP-2 complexes, protein kinase C, and a distal dileucine motif (amino acids 352 and 353) in the cytoplasmic tail but not beta-arrestin.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	transcription factor AP-2, alpha	Mus musculus	113-117
17767925-0	2008	Roles of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and COX-2 expression in human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
18207650-8	2008	Consistently, the inhibition pattern of aspartate transport and its stimulation by phorbol esters are indicative of a transport process due to EAAC1 operation.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
18070609-0	2008	Inhibition of phorbol ester-dependent peroxiredoxin I gene activation by lipopolysaccharide via phosphorylation of RelA/p65 at serine 276 in monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	38-53
18070609-0	2008	Inhibition of phorbol ester-dependent peroxiredoxin I gene activation by lipopolysaccharide via phosphorylation of RelA/p65 at serine 276 in monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	115-119
18070609-0	2008	Inhibition of phorbol ester-dependent peroxiredoxin I gene activation by lipopolysaccharide via phosphorylation of RelA/p65 at serine 276 in monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	120-123
18070609-2	2008	Here, it is shown that the proinflammatory mediator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibits the induction of Prx I expression and promoter activity by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol- 13-acetate (TPA) in RAW264.7 monocytes, but not that of cyclooxygenase-2.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	103-108
17982137-8	2008	Both mRNA and secreted protein levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 were altered in quiescent and phorbol ester-stimulated cultured macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and aortic endothelial cells isolated from BgApoE(-/-) mice.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	41-75
18084005-0	2008	Phorbol ester up-regulates phospholipase D1 but not phospholipase D2 expression through a PKC/Ras/ERK/NFkappaB-dependent pathway and enhances matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	phospholipase D1	Mus musculus	27-43
18084005-0	2008	Phorbol ester up-regulates phospholipase D1 but not phospholipase D2 expression through a PKC/Ras/ERK/NFkappaB-dependent pathway and enhances matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	phospholipase D2	Mus musculus	52-68
18084005-0	2008	Phorbol ester up-regulates phospholipase D1 but not phospholipase D2 expression through a PKC/Ras/ERK/NFkappaB-dependent pathway and enhances matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	98-101
18084005-0	2008	Phorbol ester up-regulates phospholipase D1 but not phospholipase D2 expression through a PKC/Ras/ERK/NFkappaB-dependent pathway and enhances matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	102-110
18084005-0	2008	Phorbol ester up-regulates phospholipase D1 but not phospholipase D2 expression through a PKC/Ras/ERK/NFkappaB-dependent pathway and enhances matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	142-168
17654516-3	2008	We investigated whether the tumor promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) may induce melanocyte resistance to TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	137-145
17654516-6	2008	Protein kinase C (PKC) is the major cellular receptor of tumor promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
17654516-13	2008	These findings show that tumor promoting phorbol esters induce melanocyte resistance to TGF-beta, associated with downregulation of PKC-alpha and suppression of Smad-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	88-96
17654516-13	2008	These findings show that tumor promoting phorbol esters induce melanocyte resistance to TGF-beta, associated with downregulation of PKC-alpha and suppression of Smad-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	132-141
17767925-0	2008	Roles of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and COX-2 expression in human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
17767925-0	2008	Roles of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and COX-2 expression in human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	80-89
18691117-1	2008	The serine/threonine protein kinase C (PKC) family, the main target of tumor-promoting phorbol esters, is functionally associated to cell cycle regulation, cell survival, malignant transformation, and tumor angiogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
18070603-2	2008	We have previously shown that ACE2 can be shed from the cell surface in response to phorbol esters by a process involving TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE; ADAM17).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	30-34
18070603-2	2008	We have previously shown that ACE2 can be shed from the cell surface in response to phorbol esters by a process involving TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE; ADAM17).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	122-149
18070603-2	2008	We have previously shown that ACE2 can be shed from the cell surface in response to phorbol esters by a process involving TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE; ADAM17).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	151-155
18070603-2	2008	We have previously shown that ACE2 can be shed from the cell surface in response to phorbol esters by a process involving TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE; ADAM17).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	157-163
18171919-0	2008	Phosphorylation of SNAP-25 at Ser187 mediates enhancement of exocytosis by a phorbol ester in INS-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	synaptosome associated protein 25	Rattus norvegicus	19-26
18171919-0	2008	Phosphorylation of SNAP-25 at Ser187 mediates enhancement of exocytosis by a phorbol ester in INS-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-99
18257749-3	2008	Expression of a dominant-negative mutant of c-Src similarly reduced receptor phosphorylation induced by the natural agonists, active phorbol esters and endothelin-1 (ET-1).	Phorbol Esters	133-147	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	44-49
18473812-4	2008	Moreover, PKC was the first known target of tumor promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
18221508-7	2008	Activation of this reporter by the phorbol ester PMA plus ionomycin was independent of NFAT5 and mediated by NFATc proteins.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	nuclear factor of activated T cells 5	Mus musculus	87-92
18221508-7	2008	Activation of this reporter by the phorbol ester PMA plus ionomycin was independent of NFAT5 and mediated by NFATc proteins.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin dependent 1	Mus musculus	109-114
17803461-0	2008	Phorbol ester and hydrogen peroxide synergistically induce the interaction of diacylglycerol kinase gamma with the Src homology 2 and C1 domains of beta2-chimaerin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	diacylglycerol kinase gamma	Homo sapiens	78-105
17803461-0	2008	Phorbol ester and hydrogen peroxide synergistically induce the interaction of diacylglycerol kinase gamma with the Src homology 2 and C1 domains of beta2-chimaerin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	148-153
17947356-8	2008	Consistent with this idea, we also found that direct stimulation of PKC with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced eEF2 dephosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Homo sapiens	135-139
18184314-11	2008	However, we found that exposure of neurons to a myristolated decoy peptide with sequence identical to the C-terminal sequence of GLT1b designed to block the PICK1-GLT1b interaction rendered glutamate transport into neurons responsive to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	237-250	protein interacting with PRKCA 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-162
18504404-5	2008	RESULTS: Stimulation with phorbol ester plus Ca2+ ionophore clearly induced IL-13 gene transcription in Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	76-81
17949889-1	2008	OBJECTIVE: The roles of phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been widely studied in terms of the differentiation process induced by several drugs (phorbol ester, vitamin D-3, retinoic acid, etc.	Phorbol Esters	190-203	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
17967887-4	2008	We found that AQP3-null mice were remarkably resistant to the development of skin tumors following exposure to a tumor initiator and phorbol ester promoter.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	aquaporin 3	Mus musculus	14-18
18056377-9	2007	Neutrophils from Rap1a-/- mice had reduced fMLP-stimulated superoxide production as well as a weaker initial response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	17-22
18505338-0	2008	v-Myb suppresses phorbol ester- and modifies retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human promonocytic U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	2-5
18505338-7	2008	We found that v-Myb efficiently suppressed formation of macrophages upon treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	14-19
18025046-0	2008	Nucleolin regulates c-Jun/Sp1-dependent transcriptional activation of cPLA2alpha in phorbol ester-treated non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	nucleolin	Homo sapiens	0-9
18025046-0	2008	Nucleolin regulates c-Jun/Sp1-dependent transcriptional activation of cPLA2alpha in phorbol ester-treated non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	20-25
18025046-0	2008	Nucleolin regulates c-Jun/Sp1-dependent transcriptional activation of cPLA2alpha in phorbol ester-treated non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	70-80
18212352-0	2008	Phorbol ester stimulates corticotropin-releasing hormone gene promoter activity through a cAMP regulatory element in primary placental cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	corticotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	25-56
18212353-0	2008	Opposite effect of phorbol ester PMA on PTGS2 and PGDH mRNA expression in human chorion trophoblast cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
18212353-0	2008	Opposite effect of phorbol ester PMA on PTGS2 and PGDH mRNA expression in human chorion trophoblast cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	50-54
17996668-6	2007	In mouse model of skin inflammation, K6PC-9 inhibited phorbol ester-induced increase in ear thickness and expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the ear of BALB/c mice.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	120-147
18067682-6	2007	However, in contrast to the report of Rossner et al (2004), phorbol ester-dependent APP ectodomain shedding from cells overexpressing APP and Munc13-1 wildtype was indistinguishable from that observed following application of phorbol to cells overexpressing APP and Munc13-1 H567K mutant.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	142-150
18077417-7	2007	Finally, phorbol ester stimulation of PEA-15-null lymphocytes resulted in impaired RSK2 activation that was rescued by exogenous PEA-15 expression.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15	Homo sapiens	38-44
18077417-7	2007	Finally, phorbol ester stimulation of PEA-15-null lymphocytes resulted in impaired RSK2 activation that was rescued by exogenous PEA-15 expression.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A3	Homo sapiens	83-87
18077417-7	2007	Finally, phorbol ester stimulation of PEA-15-null lymphocytes resulted in impaired RSK2 activation that was rescued by exogenous PEA-15 expression.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15	Homo sapiens	129-135
18077438-0	2007	Phorbol ester stimulation of RasGRP1 regulates the sodium-chloride cotransporter by a PKC-independent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-36
18077438-6	2007	Here we describe how one of those alternate targets of DAG/PE effects, Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), mediates the PE-induced suppression of function and the surface expression of NCC.	Phorbol Esters	59-61	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	71-101
18077438-6	2007	Here we describe how one of those alternate targets of DAG/PE effects, Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), mediates the PE-induced suppression of function and the surface expression of NCC.	Phorbol Esters	59-61	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	103-110
18077438-6	2007	Here we describe how one of those alternate targets of DAG/PE effects, Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), mediates the PE-induced suppression of function and the surface expression of NCC.	Phorbol Esters	126-128	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	71-101
18077438-6	2007	Here we describe how one of those alternate targets of DAG/PE effects, Ras guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RasGRP1), mediates the PE-induced suppression of function and the surface expression of NCC.	Phorbol Esters	126-128	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	103-110
18067682-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Shedding of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) ectodomain can be accelerated by phorbol esters, compounds that act via protein kinase C (PKC) or through unconventional phorbol-binding proteins such as Munc13-1.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	38-63
18067682-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Shedding of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) ectodomain can be accelerated by phorbol esters, compounds that act via protein kinase C (PKC) or through unconventional phorbol-binding proteins such as Munc13-1.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	142-158
18067682-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Shedding of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) ectodomain can be accelerated by phorbol esters, compounds that act via protein kinase C (PKC) or through unconventional phorbol-binding proteins such as Munc13-1.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
18067682-6	2007	However, in contrast to the report of Rossner et al (2004), phorbol ester-dependent APP ectodomain shedding from cells overexpressing APP and Munc13-1 wildtype was indistinguishable from that observed following application of phorbol to cells overexpressing APP and Munc13-1 H567K mutant.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	266-274
18067682-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Shedding of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) ectodomain can be accelerated by phorbol esters, compounds that act via protein kinase C (PKC) or through unconventional phorbol-binding proteins such as Munc13-1.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	224-232
17692050-0	2007	Targeting of FAK Ser910 by ERK5 and PP1delta in non-stimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
17893151-11	2007	The RINCK-mediated degradation of PKC occurs independently of the classic phorbol ester-mediated down-regulation: genetic depletion of RINCK had no effect on the phorbol ester-mediated down-regulation and, additionally, up-regulated the levels of isozymes that cannot bind phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	273-287	tripartite motif containing 41	Homo sapiens	4-9
17893151-11	2007	The RINCK-mediated degradation of PKC occurs independently of the classic phorbol ester-mediated down-regulation: genetic depletion of RINCK had no effect on the phorbol ester-mediated down-regulation and, additionally, up-regulated the levels of isozymes that cannot bind phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	273-287	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	34-37
17893151-11	2007	The RINCK-mediated degradation of PKC occurs independently of the classic phorbol ester-mediated down-regulation: genetic depletion of RINCK had no effect on the phorbol ester-mediated down-regulation and, additionally, up-regulated the levels of isozymes that cannot bind phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	273-287	tripartite motif containing 41	Homo sapiens	135-140
17583568-9	2007	This resistance phenotype appears to be restricted to phorbol ester promotion because K14.COX2 mice developed six times more tumors than wild-type mice when anthralin was used as the tumor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	keratin 14	Mus musculus	86-89
17583568-9	2007	This resistance phenotype appears to be restricted to phorbol ester promotion because K14.COX2 mice developed six times more tumors than wild-type mice when anthralin was used as the tumor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	90-94
17692050-0	2007	Targeting of FAK Ser910 by ERK5 and PP1delta in non-stimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Homo sapiens	27-31
17692050-1	2007	Ser910 of FAK (focal adhesion kinase) was phosphorylated in fibroblasts treated with the phorbol ester PMA and dephosphorylated by PP1d (protein phosphatase 1d), as indicated by shRNA (small-hairpin RNA) gene silencing.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
17692050-1	2007	Ser910 of FAK (focal adhesion kinase) was phosphorylated in fibroblasts treated with the phorbol ester PMA and dephosphorylated by PP1d (protein phosphatase 1d), as indicated by shRNA (small-hairpin RNA) gene silencing.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	15-36
17692050-2	2007	Ser910 of FAK was reported previously to be an ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 target in cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
17692050-2	2007	Ser910 of FAK was reported previously to be an ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 target in cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
17692050-2	2007	Ser910 of FAK was reported previously to be an ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 target in cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	52-94
17482481-6	2007	Treatment with phorbol esters caused translocation of actin/PKCdelta complexes from the cytosol to the plasma membrane independent of an intact actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	60-68
17982061-5	2007	Shedding of mCSF-1 was up-regulated by phorbol ester treatment and was inhibited by the metalloprotease inhibitors GM6001 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases 3.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	12-18
17944529-5	2007	Myricetin at 10 and 20 microM inhibited phorbol ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 protein, while resveratrol at the same concentration did not exert significant effects.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	78-83
17944529-7	2007	Myricetin inhibited both COX-2 and NF-kappaB transactivation in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells, as determined using a luciferase assay.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	25-30
17944529-7	2007	Myricetin inhibited both COX-2 and NF-kappaB transactivation in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells, as determined using a luciferase assay.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	35-44
17944529-8	2007	Myricetin blocked the phorbol ester-stimulated DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB, as determined using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	71-80
17944529-9	2007	Moreover, TPCK (N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone), a NF-kappaB inhibitor, significantly attenuated COX-2 expression and NF-kappaB promoter activity in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	64-73
17944529-9	2007	Moreover, TPCK (N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone), a NF-kappaB inhibitor, significantly attenuated COX-2 expression and NF-kappaB promoter activity in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	110-115
17944529-9	2007	Moreover, TPCK (N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone), a NF-kappaB inhibitor, significantly attenuated COX-2 expression and NF-kappaB promoter activity in phorbol ester-treated JB6 P+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	131-140
17944529-10	2007	In addition, red wine extract inhibited phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression and NF-kappaB transactivation in JB6 P+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	62-67
17974959-1	2007	RasGRP1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras, activated in response to the second messenger diacylglycerol and its ultrapotent analogues, the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	0-7
17944529-0	2007	Myricetin down-regulates phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse epidermal cells by blocking activation of nuclear factor kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	47-63
17944529-0	2007	Myricetin down-regulates phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse epidermal cells by blocking activation of nuclear factor kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	126-148
17918201-8	2007	Thus, in response to combined TLR stimulation, or via phorbol esters, IFN-gamma was secreted.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	70-79
17909021-10	2007	The phorbol ester tumor promoter induced higher mitogenic and angiogenic activities in Ikkalpha+/- than in Ikkalpha+/+ skin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase	Mus musculus	87-95
17909021-10	2007	The phorbol ester tumor promoter induced higher mitogenic and angiogenic activities in Ikkalpha+/- than in Ikkalpha+/+ skin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase	Mus musculus	107-115
17512223-1	2007	Expression of bovine PKCalpha in Saccharomyces cerevisiae results in growth inhibition, which is strongly augmented upon addition of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	21-29
17762869-5	2007	Conversely, KLF4 knockdown blocked phorbol ester-induced monocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	12-16
17760827-8	2007	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which activates protein kinase C signaling, induced egr1 mRNA levels 66-fold over the control, whereas forskolin (a cAMP-protein kinase A activator) and ionomycin (a calcium activator) had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
17928641-9	2007	After the addition of EGF to acini incubated previously with phorbol ester TPA, strong decrease in pY-ERK level was also observed.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	22-25
17678893-4	2007	Furthermore, upon phorbol ester-mediated PKC activation of OVCA433 cells, TJ strength is decreased and claudin-4 localization is altered.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	41-44
17678893-4	2007	Furthermore, upon phorbol ester-mediated PKC activation of OVCA433 cells, TJ strength is decreased and claudin-4 localization is altered.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	claudin 4	Homo sapiens	103-112
17560670-1	2007	beta2-Chimaerin, an intracellular receptor for the second messenger diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) specific for Rac.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
17553935-3	2007	Apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-KO) mice were repeatedly immunized with formaldehyde-fixed cultured human macrophages (phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells), using human serum albumin as a control protein or HepG2 cells as human control cells, once a week for four consecutive weeks.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	0-16
17553935-3	2007	Apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-KO) mice were repeatedly immunized with formaldehyde-fixed cultured human macrophages (phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells), using human serum albumin as a control protein or HepG2 cells as human control cells, once a week for four consecutive weeks.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	144-149
17804733-1	2007	Recently, we described phorbol ester-induced expression of the brain and skin serine proteinase Bssp/kallikrein 6 (Klk6), the mouse orthologue of human KLK6, in mouse back skin and in advanced tumor stages of a well-established multistage tumor model.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	kallikrein related-peptidase 6	Mus musculus	96-100
17804733-1	2007	Recently, we described phorbol ester-induced expression of the brain and skin serine proteinase Bssp/kallikrein 6 (Klk6), the mouse orthologue of human KLK6, in mouse back skin and in advanced tumor stages of a well-established multistage tumor model.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	kallikrein related-peptidase 6	Mus musculus	101-113
17804733-1	2007	Recently, we described phorbol ester-induced expression of the brain and skin serine proteinase Bssp/kallikrein 6 (Klk6), the mouse orthologue of human KLK6, in mouse back skin and in advanced tumor stages of a well-established multistage tumor model.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	kallikrein related-peptidase 6	Mus musculus	115-119
17804733-1	2007	Recently, we described phorbol ester-induced expression of the brain and skin serine proteinase Bssp/kallikrein 6 (Klk6), the mouse orthologue of human KLK6, in mouse back skin and in advanced tumor stages of a well-established multistage tumor model.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	kallikrein related peptidase 6	Homo sapiens	152-156
17928641-9	2007	After the addition of EGF to acini incubated previously with phorbol ester TPA, strong decrease in pY-ERK level was also observed.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
17310984-0	2007	Phorbol esters inhibit the Hedgehog signalling pathway downstream of Suppressor of Fused, but upstream of Gli.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	GLI family zinc finger 1	Homo sapiens	106-109
17553064-3	2007	Exposure of GH(4)C(1) cells to TRH or a phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of three p52 proteins (p52a, p52b and p52c) and decreased the phosphorylation of destrin and cofilin.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	similar to Mitochondrial processing peptidase beta subunit, mitochondrial precursor (Beta-MPP; P-52)	Rattus norvegicus	93-96
17443671-4	2007	However, in the presence of a phorbol ester, TPA, TF-1-fms cells definitely switched their responsiveness to M-CSF from proliferation to differentiation, as evidenced by a more drastic morphological change and the appearance of cells with a higher level of phagocytic activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	109-114
17584838-8	2007	We confirmed that the inhibition of I(GIRK) by direct application of phorbol ester or arachidonic acid was also completely reversed in PIP(2)-loaded cells.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	135-138
17373912-6	2007	Immunoblot analysis showed that an ATP-competitive inhibitor enhanced cell-permeable DAG analogue- or phorbol-ester-induced translocation of endogenous PKC.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	152-155
17603046-3	2007	We demonstrate that S299 and S304 can be phosphorylated in mammalian cells following phorbol ester stimulation and that S299-phosphorylated PKCdelta is localised to both the plasma and nuclear membranes.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	140-148
17372274-0	2007	Humulone inhibits phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin by blocking activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1: IkappaB kinase and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase as respective potential upstream targets.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	40-45
17372274-0	2007	Humulone inhibits phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin by blocking activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1: IkappaB kinase and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase as respective potential upstream targets.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	111-115
17372274-0	2007	Humulone inhibits phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin by blocking activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1: IkappaB kinase and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase as respective potential upstream targets.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	136-159
17553064-3	2007	Exposure of GH(4)C(1) cells to TRH or a phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of three p52 proteins (p52a, p52b and p52c) and decreased the phosphorylation of destrin and cofilin.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	destrin, actin depolymerizing factor	Rattus norvegicus	165-172
17466270-5	2007	This increased NCX reversal was attenuated by SKF-96365, an inhibitor of non-selective cation channels, and by activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	solute carrier family 8 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
17200797-10	2007	Phorbol ester caused serine phosphorylation of IRP1 and increased its association with the ER.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	aconitase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
17336041-3	2007	Data in this study show that JWA, a newly identified novel microtubule-associated protein (MAP) was essential for the rearrangement of F-actin cytoskeleton and activation of MAPK cascades induced by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	228-241	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 6 interacting protein 5	Homo sapiens	29-32
17426020-9	2007	Treating cells expressing low levels of Wnt5A with phorbol ester increased Snail expression inhibiting PKC in cells expressing high levels of Wnt5A decreased Snail.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	Wnt family member 5A	Homo sapiens	40-45
17426020-9	2007	Treating cells expressing low levels of Wnt5A with phorbol ester increased Snail expression inhibiting PKC in cells expressing high levels of Wnt5A decreased Snail.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	75-80
17426020-9	2007	Treating cells expressing low levels of Wnt5A with phorbol ester increased Snail expression inhibiting PKC in cells expressing high levels of Wnt5A decreased Snail.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	103-106
17426020-9	2007	Treating cells expressing low levels of Wnt5A with phorbol ester increased Snail expression inhibiting PKC in cells expressing high levels of Wnt5A decreased Snail.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	158-163
17307332-1	2007	While a great deal of attention has been focused on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, it has been known for many years that the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR is inhibited in cells treated with tumor-promoting phorbol esters, a process termed EGFR transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	281-295	G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-78
17307332-1	2007	While a great deal of attention has been focused on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, it has been known for many years that the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR is inhibited in cells treated with tumor-promoting phorbol esters, a process termed EGFR transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	281-295	G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
17307332-1	2007	While a great deal of attention has been focused on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, it has been known for many years that the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR is inhibited in cells treated with tumor-promoting phorbol esters, a process termed EGFR transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	281-295	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	94-126
17307332-1	2007	While a great deal of attention has been focused on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, it has been known for many years that the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR is inhibited in cells treated with tumor-promoting phorbol esters, a process termed EGFR transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	281-295	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
17307332-1	2007	While a great deal of attention has been focused on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, it has been known for many years that the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR is inhibited in cells treated with tumor-promoting phorbol esters, a process termed EGFR transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	281-295	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	225-229
17307332-1	2007	While a great deal of attention has been focused on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, it has been known for many years that the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR is inhibited in cells treated with tumor-promoting phorbol esters, a process termed EGFR transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	281-295	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	225-229
17336041-3	2007	Data in this study show that JWA, a newly identified novel microtubule-associated protein (MAP) was essential for the rearrangement of F-actin cytoskeleton and activation of MAPK cascades induced by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	228-241	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	59-89
17336041-3	2007	Data in this study show that JWA, a newly identified novel microtubule-associated protein (MAP) was essential for the rearrangement of F-actin cytoskeleton and activation of MAPK cascades induced by arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	228-241	regulator of microtubule dynamics 1	Homo sapiens	91-94
17479775-7	2007	Using gel mobility shift assays, we demonstrated that activation of viral transcription upon stimulation with phorbol esters and ionomycin was mediated through the NFkappaB element and that this was abrogated in the presence of plasma.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	164-172
17332141-9	2007	This inhibitory cross-talk between ET(A) and erbB2/4-Akt pathways was mimicked by a phorbol ester and blocked by pharmacological inhibition of PKC or MEK/Erk.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	35-40
17332141-9	2007	This inhibitory cross-talk between ET(A) and erbB2/4-Akt pathways was mimicked by a phorbol ester and blocked by pharmacological inhibition of PKC or MEK/Erk.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
17332141-9	2007	This inhibitory cross-talk between ET(A) and erbB2/4-Akt pathways was mimicked by a phorbol ester and blocked by pharmacological inhibition of PKC or MEK/Erk.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
17240116-4	2007	Our results show that multiple agonists including angiotensin II (ANGII), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), phorbol esters and EGF induced a striking stimulation of FAK phosphorylation at Ser-910 in rat intestinal epithelial IEC-18 cells via an ERK-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	160-163
17240116-4	2007	Our results show that multiple agonists including angiotensin II (ANGII), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), phorbol esters and EGF induced a striking stimulation of FAK phosphorylation at Ser-910 in rat intestinal epithelial IEC-18 cells via an ERK-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	240-243
17551222-5	2007	In adhesion studies, CoMS weakly but spontaneously adhered to fibronectin (FN), which was enhanced by phorbol ester (TPA), while CM-MC and VI-MC required cell activation by TPA to adhere to FN.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	fibronectin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	62-73
17481552-4	2007	In this review, we provide evidence for reduced COX-2 transcriptional expression in response to phorbol esters (PMA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
17481552-4	2007	In this review, we provide evidence for reduced COX-2 transcriptional expression in response to phorbol esters (PMA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	206-214
17311928-5	2007	Here we demonstrate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) as well as the protein kinase C activator, phorbol ester, induce rapid phosphorylation of hSphK2 which was markedly reduced by inhibition of MEK1/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	sphingosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	145-151
17311928-5	2007	Here we demonstrate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) as well as the protein kinase C activator, phorbol ester, induce rapid phosphorylation of hSphK2 which was markedly reduced by inhibition of MEK1/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	196-200
17311928-5	2007	Here we demonstrate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) as well as the protein kinase C activator, phorbol ester, induce rapid phosphorylation of hSphK2 which was markedly reduced by inhibition of MEK1/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	201-204
17314023-1	2007	Long-term culture of phorbol ester (TPA)-differentiated and growth-arrested human U937 leukemia cells was associated with expression of c-jun transcription factors and vimentin intermediate filaments until the cells entered a retrodifferentiation program.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	136-141
17314023-1	2007	Long-term culture of phorbol ester (TPA)-differentiated and growth-arrested human U937 leukemia cells was associated with expression of c-jun transcription factors and vimentin intermediate filaments until the cells entered a retrodifferentiation program.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	vimentin	Homo sapiens	168-176
17466911-5	2007	Concordantly, splenocytes of mice administered with CBD (5 or 20 mg/kg) produced less IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma than those of vehicle-treated controls, upon ex vivo stimulation with phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	86-90
17466911-5	2007	Concordantly, splenocytes of mice administered with CBD (5 or 20 mg/kg) produced less IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma than those of vehicle-treated controls, upon ex vivo stimulation with phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	92-96
17570678-1	2007	The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases has been the subject of intensive study in the field of cancer since their initial discovery as major cellular receptors for the tumor promoting phorbol esters nearly 30 years ago.	Phorbol Esters	207-221	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	22-25
17939399-0	2007	[Expression of WT1 gene and its isomer ratio changes during phorbol ester induced differentiation of K562 cell line].	Phorbol Esters	60-73	WT1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	15-18
17939399-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes in expression of WT1 gene and ration of its isomers during phorbol ester (TPA) induced differentiation of leukemia cell line K562 by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and analysis the relationship between different isomers and hematogenic cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	WT1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	51-54
17389601-3	2007	The lack of FLNa in human M2 melanoma cells was associated with constitutive and phorbol ester-induced expression and secretion of active MMP-9 in the absence of MMP-2 up-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	filamin A	Homo sapiens	12-16
17171646-4	2007	In this study, we examined whether alterations of PKC-alpha by phorbol esters and PKC inhibitors could affect proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	50-59
17171646-4	2007	In this study, we examined whether alterations of PKC-alpha by phorbol esters and PKC inhibitors could affect proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	50-53
17360704-4	2007	Here, we provide evidence that activation of the p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) by serum, growth factors, tumor promoting phorbol esters, and oncogenic Ras is required for rpS6 phosphorylation downstream of the Ras/ERK signaling cascade.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	ribosomal protein S6	Homo sapiens	173-177
17360704-4	2007	Here, we provide evidence that activation of the p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) by serum, growth factors, tumor promoting phorbol esters, and oncogenic Ras is required for rpS6 phosphorylation downstream of the Ras/ERK signaling cascade.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	216-219
17219415-1	2007	While it has been established that both the constitutive and inducible forms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2, respectively) play important roles in chemical initiation-promotion protocols with phorbol ester tumor promoters, the contribution of these two enzymes to ultraviolet (UV) light-induced skin tumors has not been fully assessed.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	cytochrome c oxidase I, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	96-101
17219415-1	2007	While it has been established that both the constitutive and inducible forms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2, respectively) play important roles in chemical initiation-promotion protocols with phorbol ester tumor promoters, the contribution of these two enzymes to ultraviolet (UV) light-induced skin tumors has not been fully assessed.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	106-111
17219421-4	2007	Activation of PKCdelta with a phorbol ester leads to elevated cyclin D1 expression and an hyperphosphorylated Rb state.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	14-22
17219421-4	2007	Activation of PKCdelta with a phorbol ester leads to elevated cyclin D1 expression and an hyperphosphorylated Rb state.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	62-71
17400819-3	2007	A serum shock and the phorbol ester TPA induced Noc transcript levels in quiescent NIH3T3 cultures while dexamethasone and forskolin, which are known to induce other clock genes in culture, were without effect.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	nocturnin	Mus musculus	48-51
17464194-5	2007	Ca2+-independent contraction in response to phenylephrine or phorbol ester was significantly decreased in the SM22alpha-deficient mice, whereas in the presence of Ca2+ neither contraction nor subcellular translocation of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in response to phenylephrine or 50 mM KCl was significantly affected.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	transgelin	Mus musculus	110-119
17344430-0	2007	Different ADAMs have distinct influences on Kit ligand processing: phorbol-ester-stimulated ectodomain shedding of Kitl1 by ADAM17 is reduced by ADAM19.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	kit ligand	Mus musculus	44-54
17210618-7	2007	In the presence of phorbol ester, lysosomal targeting of serglycin and to a lesser extent, of cathepsin D was inhibited.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	cathepsin D	Homo sapiens	94-105
17227770-0	2007	Phorbol esters induce intracellular accumulation of the anti-apoptotic protein PED/PEA-15 by preventing ubiquitinylation and proteasomal degradation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein	Homo sapiens	79-82
17227770-0	2007	Phorbol esters induce intracellular accumulation of the anti-apoptotic protein PED/PEA-15 by preventing ubiquitinylation and proteasomal degradation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15	Homo sapiens	83-89
17227770-2	2007	Exposure of untransfected C5N keratinocytes and transfected HEK293 cells to phorbol esters (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) increased PED/PEA-15 cellular content and enhanced its phosphorylation at serine 116 in a time-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein	Homo sapiens	146-149
17227770-2	2007	Exposure of untransfected C5N keratinocytes and transfected HEK293 cells to phorbol esters (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) increased PED/PEA-15 cellular content and enhanced its phosphorylation at serine 116 in a time-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15	Homo sapiens	150-156
17344430-0	2007	Different ADAMs have distinct influences on Kit ligand processing: phorbol-ester-stimulated ectodomain shedding of Kitl1 by ADAM17 is reduced by ADAM19.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	124-130
17344430-0	2007	Different ADAMs have distinct influences on Kit ligand processing: phorbol-ester-stimulated ectodomain shedding of Kitl1 by ADAM17 is reduced by ADAM19.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 19 (meltrin beta)	Mus musculus	145-151
17344430-5	2007	Overexpression of ADAM19 resulted in decreased levels of Endo-H-resistant mature Kitl1, thereby reducing the amount of Kitl that is shed from cells following stimulation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 19 (meltrin beta)	Mus musculus	18-24
17344430-5	2007	Overexpression of ADAM19 resulted in decreased levels of Endo-H-resistant mature Kitl1, thereby reducing the amount of Kitl that is shed from cells following stimulation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	kit ligand	Mus musculus	81-85
17344430-6	2007	ADAM17 was identified as the major phorbol-ester-stimulated sheddase of Kitl1, whereas ADAMs 8, 9, 10, 12 and 15 were not required for this process.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	0-6
17344430-7	2007	ADAM17 also emerged as the major constitutive and phorbol-ester-stimulated sheddase of Kitl2 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	0-6
17344430-9	2007	Taken together, this study identifies a novel sheddase, ADAM17, for Kitl1 and Kitl2, and demonstrates that ADAM19 can reduce ADAM17-dependent phorbol-ester-stimulated Kitl1 ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	56-62
17344430-9	2007	Taken together, this study identifies a novel sheddase, ADAM17, for Kitl1 and Kitl2, and demonstrates that ADAM19 can reduce ADAM17-dependent phorbol-ester-stimulated Kitl1 ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 19 (meltrin beta)	Mus musculus	107-113
17239975-3	2007	Here, we report that activation of PKC by phorbol ester inhibits DGKzeta binding to pRB.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
17344430-9	2007	Taken together, this study identifies a novel sheddase, ADAM17, for Kitl1 and Kitl2, and demonstrates that ADAM19 can reduce ADAM17-dependent phorbol-ester-stimulated Kitl1 ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	125-131
17239975-3	2007	Here, we report that activation of PKC by phorbol ester inhibits DGKzeta binding to pRB.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	diacylglycerol kinase zeta	Homo sapiens	65-72
17239975-3	2007	Here, we report that activation of PKC by phorbol ester inhibits DGKzeta binding to pRB.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
17617393-2	2007	Here, we show that in U937 promonocytes NE is synthesized as a predominantly soluble proenzyme and is completely secreted in the presence of phorbol esters similarly to serglycin.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	40-42
17261275-6	2007	RESULTS: Inhibitors of phospholipase C (PLC) or classical PKCs as well as PKC depletion following phorbol ester treatments, blocked Akt phosphorylation in response to PLA-LDL.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
17170096-8	2007	In contrast, phorbol ester induced steroidogenic enzymes in intestinal epithelial cells, which was synergistically enhanced upon transfection of cells with the nuclear receptors steroidogenic factor-1 (NR5A1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (NR5A2).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1	Mus musculus	178-200
17170096-8	2007	In contrast, phorbol ester induced steroidogenic enzymes in intestinal epithelial cells, which was synergistically enhanced upon transfection of cells with the nuclear receptors steroidogenic factor-1 (NR5A1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (NR5A2).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1	Mus musculus	202-207
17170096-8	2007	In contrast, phorbol ester induced steroidogenic enzymes in intestinal epithelial cells, which was synergistically enhanced upon transfection of cells with the nuclear receptors steroidogenic factor-1 (NR5A1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (NR5A2).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2	Mus musculus	213-237
17170096-8	2007	In contrast, phorbol ester induced steroidogenic enzymes in intestinal epithelial cells, which was synergistically enhanced upon transfection of cells with the nuclear receptors steroidogenic factor-1 (NR5A1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (NR5A2).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2	Mus musculus	239-244
17170096-9	2007	Finally, we observed that basal and liver receptor homolog-1/phorbol ester-induced expression of steroidogenic enzymes in mICcl2 cells was inhibited by the antagonistic nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2	Mus musculus	36-60
17309828-3	2007	METHODS: Using DNA microarrays, Q-RT-PCR, and protein-level assays, we compared the dynamic gene expression pattern of phorbol ester-induced differentiation of CHRF cells to cytokine-induced Mk differentiation of human mobilized peripheral blood CD34(+) cells.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	246-250
16909100-5	2007	The expression of Ets-2 also increased dramatically following phorbol ester-induced differentiation of the v-Myb-transformed BM2 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	ETS proto-oncogene 2, transcription factor	Gallus gallus	18-23
17215518-0	2007	PP2B-mediated dephosphorylation of c-Jun C terminus regulates phorbol ester-induced c-Jun/Sp1 interaction in A431 cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	35-40
17215518-0	2007	PP2B-mediated dephosphorylation of c-Jun C terminus regulates phorbol ester-induced c-Jun/Sp1 interaction in A431 cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	84-89
16909100-5	2007	The expression of Ets-2 also increased dramatically following phorbol ester-induced differentiation of the v-Myb-transformed BM2 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Gallus gallus	109-112
17189270-5	2007	In alpha-syn-overexpressing cells, protein kinase C (PKC) activity was significantly decreased, and reactivation of PKC by phorbol ester significantly restored the proteasome activity and abrogated cellular differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	3-12
16909100-7	2007	CRYP-alpha was downregulated during the phorbol ester-induced differentiation of BM2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type S	Gallus gallus	0-10
17145761-7	2007	When both conventional and novel PKCs expressed by RCS chondrocytes (PKCalpha, -gamma, -delta, and -epsilon) were down-regulated by phorbol ester, cells remained responsive to FGF2 with Erk activation, and this activation was sensitive to Bis I.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	69-108
17267596-4	2007	Additionally, phorbol ester stimulated the production of abnormal PrP gel bands by >5-fold in infected N2a + 22L cells, yet this did not increase either the number of virus-like arrays or the infectious titer of these cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	prion protein	Mus musculus	66-69
16698078-8	2007	Finally, a human UCN promoter luciferase reporter construct transfected into JEG3 cells was significantly inducible by phorbol ester plus ionomycin, but not by phorbol ester alone or by forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	urocortin	Homo sapiens	17-20
17233610-4	2007	In addition, TRPV4 is activated by metabolites of arachidonic acid as well as alpha-isomers of phorbol esters known to be ineffective in stimulating proteins of the protein kinase C family.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	13-18
16950795-0	2007	cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent COX-2 expression in hairless mouse skin by targeting IkappaB kinase and PI3K-Akt.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	77-86
16950795-0	2007	cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent COX-2 expression in hairless mouse skin by targeting IkappaB kinase and PI3K-Akt.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	113-118
16950795-0	2007	cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid down-regulates phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation and subsequent COX-2 expression in hairless mouse skin by targeting IkappaB kinase and PI3K-Akt.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	190-193
17124270-5	2007	In PAR2-expressing cell lines that either naturally expressed TRPV4 (bronchial epithelial cells) or that were transfected to express TRPV4 (HEK cells), pretreatment with a PAR2 agonist enhanced Ca2+ and current responses to the TRPV4 agonists phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4alphaPDD) and hypotonic solutions.	Phorbol Esters	243-256	coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	172-176
17188889-7	2007	Disruption of NET/SYN1A interaction abolished inhibition of NE transport by phorbol ester (PMA) to activate protein kinase C (PKC), but had no effect on transport inhibition by the Ca2+ calmodulin kinase (CaMK) inhibitor KN93.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	syntaxin 1A	Homo sapiens	18-23
16698078-8	2007	Finally, a human UCN promoter luciferase reporter construct transfected into JEG3 cells was significantly inducible by phorbol ester plus ionomycin, but not by phorbol ester alone or by forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	urocortin	Homo sapiens	17-20
17118580-3	2007	This report demonstrates that chicken EF-2 protein levels are dependent on transcription in 8-bromo-cAMP, insulin and phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2	Gallus gallus	38-42
17267576-3	2007	Structure-function analyses of Munc13s have identified a "catalytic" C-terminal domain and several N-terminal modulatory domains, including a diacylglycerol/phorbol ester [4beta-phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu)] binding C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	unc-13 homolog B	Homo sapiens	31-37
17169360-3	2007	Here we show that ectodomain shedding of epigen requires ADAM17, which can be stimulated by phorbol esters, phosphatase inhibitors and calcium influx.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	epithelial mitogen	Homo sapiens	41-47
17169360-3	2007	Here we show that ectodomain shedding of epigen requires ADAM17, which can be stimulated by phorbol esters, phosphatase inhibitors and calcium influx.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	57-63
17404058-0	2007	Jaceosidin, a pharmacologically active flavone derived from Artemisia argyi, inhibits phorbol-ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 by blocking phosphorylation of ERK-1 and -2 in cultured human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	124-129
21204503-3	2007	Although TRPV4 was originally identified as an osmotically activated channel [1-3], recent evidence demonstrates that the channel can be activated by diverse stimuli including hypoosmotic swelling [1-3], shear stress [4], nonnoxious temperatures [5,6], acidity [7], phorbol esters (both protein kinase C-activating and nonactivating phorbol esters) [4,8,9], and downstream metabolites of arachidonic acid (epoxyeicosatrienoic acids) [10,11].	Phorbol Esters	266-280	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	9-14
21204503-3	2007	Although TRPV4 was originally identified as an osmotically activated channel [1-3], recent evidence demonstrates that the channel can be activated by diverse stimuli including hypoosmotic swelling [1-3], shear stress [4], nonnoxious temperatures [5,6], acidity [7], phorbol esters (both protein kinase C-activating and nonactivating phorbol esters) [4,8,9], and downstream metabolites of arachidonic acid (epoxyeicosatrienoic acids) [10,11].	Phorbol Esters	333-347	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	9-14
16940470-7	2007	Upon stimulation by phorbol ester or dexamethasone, increased aromatase expression in ASCs was accompanied by significant reduction of the BRCA1 level.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	139-144
17404058-0	2007	Jaceosidin, a pharmacologically active flavone derived from Artemisia argyi, inhibits phorbol-ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 by blocking phosphorylation of ERK-1 and -2 in cultured human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	134-139
17404064-0	2007	Peonidin inhibits phorbol-ester-induced COX-2 expression and transformation in JB6 P+ cells by blocking phosphorylation of ERK-1 and -2.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
17404063-0	2007	Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappa B and CREB in mouse skin: role of p38 MAPK.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	70-80
17404063-0	2007	Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappa B and CREB in mouse skin: role of p38 MAPK.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Mus musculus	85-89
17404064-0	2007	Peonidin inhibits phorbol-ester-induced COX-2 expression and transformation in JB6 P+ cells by blocking phosphorylation of ERK-1 and -2.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	123-135
17404058-0	2007	Jaceosidin, a pharmacologically active flavone derived from Artemisia argyi, inhibits phorbol-ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 by blocking phosphorylation of ERK-1 and -2 in cultured human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	171-183
17404068-0	2007	KG-135 inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of JNK and AP-1 in phorbol ester-stimulated human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
17404063-0	2007	Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappa B and CREB in mouse skin: role of p38 MAPK.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	113-121
16973759-5	2006	Phorbol esters also induced a prolonged increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and, when added together with hFSH, blocked the induction of aromatase expression by hFSH in cells expressing a low density of hFSH receptor.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	52-58
17040210-4	2007	BI-D1870 is cell permeant and prevents the RSK-mediated phorbol ester- and EGF (epidermal growth factor)-induced phosphoryl-ation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and LKB1 in human embry-onic kidney 293 cells and Rat-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1	Homo sapiens	43-46
17040210-4	2007	BI-D1870 is cell permeant and prevents the RSK-mediated phorbol ester- and EGF (epidermal growth factor)-induced phosphoryl-ation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and LKB1 in human embry-onic kidney 293 cells and Rat-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	133-163
17040210-4	2007	BI-D1870 is cell permeant and prevents the RSK-mediated phorbol ester- and EGF (epidermal growth factor)-induced phosphoryl-ation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and LKB1 in human embry-onic kidney 293 cells and Rat-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	serine/threonine kinase 11	Homo sapiens	168-172
17160480-1	2007	Emodin inhibited expression of both transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1)- and phorbol ester (PMA)-induced tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in an immortalized rat hepatic stellate cell line, HSC-T6, by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	113-153
17160480-1	2007	Emodin inhibited expression of both transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1)- and phorbol ester (PMA)-induced tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in an immortalized rat hepatic stellate cell line, HSC-T6, by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	155-161
17065239-0	2007	RasGRP1 confers the phorbol ester-sensitive phenotype to EL4 lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	0-7
17065239-0	2007	RasGRP1 confers the phorbol ester-sensitive phenotype to EL4 lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	57-60
16601754-0	2006	Contribution of guanine exchange factor H1 in phorbol ester-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-42
17114430-3	2006	In this study, we show that reducing ERK5 levels with a specific small hairpin RNA 5 (shERK5) reduced cell viability, sensitized cells to death receptor-induced apoptosis, and blocked the palliative effects of phorbol ester in anti-Fas Ab-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Mus musculus	37-41
17404068-0	2007	KG-135 inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of JNK and AP-1 in phorbol ester-stimulated human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	71-75
17210708-1	2007	RasGRP1 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras and a receptor of the second messenger diacylglycerol and its ultrapotent analogues, the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	0-7
17210708-2	2007	We have recently shown expression of RasGRP1 in the epidermal keratinocytes where it can mediate Ras activation in response to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a well-known mouse skin tumor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	37-44
16931174-1	2007	The atypical C-type protein kinases (aPKCs) comprise the third subclass of the PKC family functionally defined by insensitivity to phorbol esters, diacylgylcerol and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	38-41
17079736-4	2007	Phorbol esters predominantly activate ADAM17, thereby triggering a burst of shedding of EGFR-ligands from a late secretory pathway compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	38-44
17079736-4	2007	Phorbol esters predominantly activate ADAM17, thereby triggering a burst of shedding of EGFR-ligands from a late secretory pathway compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	88-92
17079736-6	2007	However, calcium influx-stimulated shedding of transforming growth factor alpha and amphiregulin does not require ADAM17, even though ADAM17 is essential for phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of these EGFR-ligands.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	134-140
17079736-6	2007	However, calcium influx-stimulated shedding of transforming growth factor alpha and amphiregulin does not require ADAM17, even though ADAM17 is essential for phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of these EGFR-ligands.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	201-205
17913746-9	2007	Depletion of endogenous SPBP by siRNA treatment reduced MMP3 secretion by 50% in phorbol ester-stimulated human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	transcription factor 20	Homo sapiens	24-28
17913746-9	2007	Depletion of endogenous SPBP by siRNA treatment reduced MMP3 secretion by 50% in phorbol ester-stimulated human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Homo sapiens	56-60
17069764-1	2006	Several isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway after phorbol ester-mediated activation.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	38-41
16873554-6	2006	Differentiation agents DMSO, and, in U-937 only, phorbol ester [phorbol 12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA)] elevated pgrn mRNA expression late in differentiation, suggestive of roles for pgrn in more mature terminally differentiated granulocyte/monocytes rather than during growth or differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	granulin	Mus musculus	112-116
16873554-6	2006	Differentiation agents DMSO, and, in U-937 only, phorbol ester [phorbol 12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA)] elevated pgrn mRNA expression late in differentiation, suggestive of roles for pgrn in more mature terminally differentiated granulocyte/monocytes rather than during growth or differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	granulin	Mus musculus	182-186
16973759-6	2006	A MAPK kinase inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of the phorbol ester on aromatase induction.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	2-6
17012239-2	2006	As with other diacylglycerol receptors, RasGRP3 is redistributed upon diacylglycerol or phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	40-47
16785995-0	2006	Directional sensing of a phorbol ester gradient requires CD44 and is regulated by CD44 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	57-61
16785995-0	2006	Directional sensing of a phorbol ester gradient requires CD44 and is regulated by CD44 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	82-86
16785995-4	2006	Here we show that CD44 expression is essential for chemotaxis towards a phorbol ester gradient.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	18-22
16785995-7	2006	In transfection studies, a phosphorylation-deficient Ser316 mutant was shown to act in a dominant-negative fashion to impair chemotaxis mediated by endogenous CD44 in response to a phorbol ester gradient.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	159-163
16945329-0	2006	Phorbol ester potentiates the growth inhibitory effects of troglitazone via up-regulation of PPARgamma in A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	93-102
16950780-2	2006	As the interaction site for the second messenger sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and for the phorbol esters, the C1 domain has been an important target for developing selective ligands for different PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	195-198
16950780-3	2006	However, the C1 domains of the atypical PKC members are DAG/phorbol ester-insensitive.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	40-43
16632868-3	2006	Interleukin (IL) 1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or phorbol ester [phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)] induced the expression of COX-2, as revealed by western blot analysis.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	147-152
16999939-0	2006	Resveratrol modulates phorbol ester-induced pro-inflammatory signal transduction pathways in mouse skin in vivo: NF-kappaB and AP-1 as prime targets.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	127-131
16950767-3	2006	We report that COX-2 expression is up-regulated in phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate, PMA)-differentiated human U937 macrophage-like cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), whereas COX-1 is not up-regulated.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	15-20
16950767-3	2006	We report that COX-2 expression is up-regulated in phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate, PMA)-differentiated human U937 macrophage-like cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), whereas COX-1 is not up-regulated.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	196-201
16757545-7	2006	Stimulation of PKC using the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate caused a rapid, significant (P < or = 0.05) increase in c-Jun and c-Fos concentrations but a significant decrease in mRNA for OTR within 6 h followed by a significant decrease in OT binding by 24 h. Adenoviral infection of the cells with expression vectors for c-Jun and c-Fos increased the AP-1 subunits but had no effect on OTR expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	139-144
16757545-7	2006	Stimulation of PKC using the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate caused a rapid, significant (P < or = 0.05) increase in c-Jun and c-Fos concentrations but a significant decrease in mRNA for OTR within 6 h followed by a significant decrease in OT binding by 24 h. Adenoviral infection of the cells with expression vectors for c-Jun and c-Fos increased the AP-1 subunits but had no effect on OTR expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	149-154
16757545-7	2006	Stimulation of PKC using the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate caused a rapid, significant (P < or = 0.05) increase in c-Jun and c-Fos concentrations but a significant decrease in mRNA for OTR within 6 h followed by a significant decrease in OT binding by 24 h. Adenoviral infection of the cells with expression vectors for c-Jun and c-Fos increased the AP-1 subunits but had no effect on OTR expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	344-349
16757545-7	2006	Stimulation of PKC using the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate caused a rapid, significant (P < or = 0.05) increase in c-Jun and c-Fos concentrations but a significant decrease in mRNA for OTR within 6 h followed by a significant decrease in OT binding by 24 h. Adenoviral infection of the cells with expression vectors for c-Jun and c-Fos increased the AP-1 subunits but had no effect on OTR expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	354-359
17146972-0	2006	Phorbol ester-induced contraction through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is diminished in aortas from DOCA-salt hypertensive rats.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	42-78
17146972-1	2006	The role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the decreased contractile response to phorbol ester in aortic smooth muscle strips from deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats was examined.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
17052209-4	2006	Numerous stimuli, including growth factors and phorbol esters, activate MEK/ERK signalling.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	72-75
17052209-4	2006	Numerous stimuli, including growth factors and phorbol esters, activate MEK/ERK signalling.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	76-79
17106266-0	2006	Phosphorylation of histone H2AX on Ser 139 and activation of ATM during oxidative burst in phorbol ester-treated human leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	27-31
17106266-0	2006	Phosphorylation of histone H2AX on Ser 139 and activation of ATM during oxidative burst in phorbol ester-treated human leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	61-64
16954220-7	2006	In addition, the Hsp70-binding mutant is considerably more sensitive to down-regulation compared with WT PKC: disruption of Hsp70 binding leads to accelerated dephosphorylation and enhanced ubiquitination of mutant PKC upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	17-22
16954220-7	2006	In addition, the Hsp70-binding mutant is considerably more sensitive to down-regulation compared with WT PKC: disruption of Hsp70 binding leads to accelerated dephosphorylation and enhanced ubiquitination of mutant PKC upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	105-108
16954220-7	2006	In addition, the Hsp70-binding mutant is considerably more sensitive to down-regulation compared with WT PKC: disruption of Hsp70 binding leads to accelerated dephosphorylation and enhanced ubiquitination of mutant PKC upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	124-129
16954220-7	2006	In addition, the Hsp70-binding mutant is considerably more sensitive to down-regulation compared with WT PKC: disruption of Hsp70 binding leads to accelerated dephosphorylation and enhanced ubiquitination of mutant PKC upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	215-218
16930545-4	2006	Furthermore, the treatment of MMCs with Ang II in the presence of PKC agonist phorbol ester (100 nM) produced an almost 75% reduction in NPRA mRNA and 70% reduction in the intracellular accumulation of cGMP levels.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	40-46
16930545-4	2006	Furthermore, the treatment of MMCs with Ang II in the presence of PKC agonist phorbol ester (100 nM) produced an almost 75% reduction in NPRA mRNA and 70% reduction in the intracellular accumulation of cGMP levels.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	natriuretic peptide receptor 1	Mus musculus	137-141
16923819-8	2006	NRDc formed a complex with TACE, a process promoted by phorbol esters, general activators of ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	nardilysin convertase	Homo sapiens	0-4
16520020-2	2006	Both share a Ras/Rap association domain (RA domain) but only Nore1A contains sequence motifs that predict SH3 domain binding and diacylglycerol/phorbol ester binding in the amino-terminal region.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	Ras association domain family member 5	Homo sapiens	61-67
16923819-8	2006	NRDc formed a complex with TACE, a process promoted by phorbol esters, general activators of ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	27-31
16987344-2	2006	This study is designed to examine the effects of propofol on the active phorbol ester (phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate; PDBu)-induced, PKC-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	129-132
16603688-8	2006	A variety of other stress-related stimuli, such as p38 MAPK activation and phorbol ester, upregulated AUF1 expression in cultured cardiac cells as well.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D	Homo sapiens	102-106
16887814-5	2006	Both P1 and P2 can be regulated by phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) and calcium ionophore (A23187).	Phorbol Esters	35-48	crystallin gamma F, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	5-14
16820792-9	2006	In contrast, inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as phorbol ester significantly downregulated the activity of the nephrin promoter as well as nephrin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	NPHS1 adhesion molecule, nephrin	Homo sapiens	170-177
19617920-3	2006	In this study, we have shown in endothelial cells that the enzyme is phosphorylated, and that phosphorylation is increased by phorbol ester stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	155-171
19617920-3	2006	In this study, we have shown in endothelial cells that the enzyme is phosphorylated, and that phosphorylation is increased by phorbol ester stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	173-176
17004925-5	2006	Immunoblot analyses using phosphorylation-specific antibodies for MAPKs revealed that among the three MAPKs, ERK1/2 was specifically activated by phorbol ester, which could induce LTD in cerebellar slices.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	109-115
16940152-1	2006	TRPV4 is a calcium-permeable channel activated by extracellular hypotonicity, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phorbol esters, and heat.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Mus musculus	0-5
16820792-9	2006	In contrast, inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as phorbol ester significantly downregulated the activity of the nephrin promoter as well as nephrin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	NPHS1 adhesion molecule, nephrin	Homo sapiens	198-205
16803896-5	2006	Inactivation of transport activity by phorbol ester treatment of intact platelets relocates SERT to the cytoskeleton fraction, consequently leading to transporter internalization.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	92-96
16943444-1	2006	Protein kinase C (PKC) is an important signal transduction protein whose cysteine-rich regulatory domain C1 has been proposed to interact with general anesthetics in both of its diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-binding subdomains, the tandem repeats C1A and C1B.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	18-21
16525159-10	2006	Surface biotinylation confirmed that the response to phorbol esters was accompanied by loss of BGT1 protein from the plasma membrane, and immunohistochemistry showed a shift to an intracellular distribution.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	solute carrier family 6 member 12	Canis lupus familiaris	95-99
16868024-8	2006	Palladin also localizes to podosomes after phorbol ester stimulation, and palladin knockdown results in decreased podosome formation in response to PDBu.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein	Homo sapiens	0-8
16868024-9	2006	Together, these data provide strong evidence for a direct and specific interaction between palladin and Eps8, and suggest that they act together in the rapid and transient remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, which promotes the formation of highly dynamic membrane protrusions in response to PDGF and phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	302-315	palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein	Homo sapiens	91-99
16868024-9	2006	Together, these data provide strong evidence for a direct and specific interaction between palladin and Eps8, and suggest that they act together in the rapid and transient remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, which promotes the formation of highly dynamic membrane protrusions in response to PDGF and phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	302-315	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Homo sapiens	104-108
16814765-0	2006	Reactive oxygen species mediate phorbol ester-stimulated cAMP response in human eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	57-61
16846598-5	2006	Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester abolishes the nicotine-induced upregulation of alpha7-nicotinic receptors.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	37-40
16637058-0	2006	Possible role of duration of PKC-induced ERK activation in the effects of agonists and phorbol esters on DNA synthesis in Panc-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	29-32
16637058-0	2006	Possible role of duration of PKC-induced ERK activation in the effects of agonists and phorbol esters on DNA synthesis in Panc-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
16849455-10	2006	Phorbol ester-stimulated Ser(1917) phosphorylation was reconstituted in HEK-293 cells (which lack endogenous PKCbeta) by overexpression of both wild-type and constitutively active PKCbetaII but not the corresponding PKCbetaI or PKCalpha constructs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	109-116
16574992-1	2006	We investigated the effects of chronically applied PKC-stimulating phorbol esters on subcellular CFTR expression and localization in polarized HT-29 Cl.19A monolayers.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	97-101
16574992-3	2006	A decrease in the CFTR signal within the luminal cellular pole was noted with both phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	18-22
16574992-8	2006	Both phorbol esters downregulated steady-state cellular CFTR mRNA levels by 70%.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	56-60
16877343-5	2006	Interestingly, fetal tracheal epithelial alpha(v)beta(8)-mediated TGF-beta activation can be enhanced by phorbol esters, likely because of the increased activity of MT1-MMP, an essential co-factor in alpha(v)beta(8)-mediated activation of TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	66-74
16877343-5	2006	Interestingly, fetal tracheal epithelial alpha(v)beta(8)-mediated TGF-beta activation can be enhanced by phorbol esters, likely because of the increased activity of MT1-MMP, an essential co-factor in alpha(v)beta(8)-mediated activation of TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Homo sapiens	165-172
16517980-6	2006	Treatment with a phorbol ester triggered the release of syncollin indicating that in HL-60 cells it is a secretory protein that can be mobilized upon stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	syncollin	Homo sapiens	56-65
16849455-10	2006	Phorbol ester-stimulated Ser(1917) phosphorylation was reconstituted in HEK-293 cells (which lack endogenous PKCbeta) by overexpression of both wild-type and constitutively active PKCbetaII but not the corresponding PKCbetaI or PKCalpha constructs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	228-236
16818763-3	2006	Early results suggested that CD55 could further enhance T cell proliferation induced by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)	Homo sapiens	29-33
16631161-0	2006	Requirement of the enzymatic and signaling activities of plasmin for phorbol-ester-induced scattering of colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	57-64
16682409-6	2006	NF-kappaB activation induced by lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester, and cigarette smoke, was also abolished in NQO1-deleted cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	110-114
16651260-6	2006	Furthermore, by mutating the autophosphorylation site Ser(916), located at the critical position -2 of the PDZ-binding domain within PKD1, or by phorbol ester stimulation, we demonstrate that the phosphorylation of this residue is crucial for Kidins220-regulated transport.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	kinase D interacting substrate 220	Homo sapiens	243-252
16818732-2	2006	In contrast to B-2 cells, cyclin D2 is up-regulated in a rapid and transient manner in phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated B-1a cells, whereas cyclin D3 does not accumulate until late G(1) phase.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	cyclin D2	Mus musculus	26-35
16474181-0	2006	Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin by blocking IkappaB kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	57-62
16803610-5	2006	The production of IL-4, IFNgamma and TNFalpha by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells was measured using flow cytometry, both in resting and phorbol-ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	49-52
16803610-6	2006	RESULTS: First three months of treatment: the synthesis of TNFalpha by phorbol-ester-stimulated-CD4(+) T cells was higher in patients with SVR (P < 0.01).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	59-67
16803610-6	2006	RESULTS: First three months of treatment: the synthesis of TNFalpha by phorbol-ester-stimulated-CD4(+) T cells was higher in patients with SVR (P < 0.01).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	96-99
16474181-0	2006	Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin by blocking IkappaB kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	81-90
16533503-7	2006	RESULTS: Incubation of cardiomyocytes with phenylephrine and phorbol ester for 48 h led to a hypertrophic response with an associated 8- to 12-fold increase in ANP mRNA and 2-fold increase in rDNA transcription.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	160-163
16528363-7	2006	mS100A15 expression is upregulated in cultured keratinocytes induced to differentiate by calcium or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	S100 calcium binding protein A7A	Mus musculus	0-8
16630555-2	2006	A human monocytic cell line, THP-1, differentiated to be neutrophil-like cells generated superoxide with increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) whereas PMA, phorbol ester-stimulated superoxide response occurred without change in [Ca2+]i.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
16630555-2	2006	A human monocytic cell line, THP-1, differentiated to be neutrophil-like cells generated superoxide with increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration when stimulated with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) whereas PMA, phorbol ester-stimulated superoxide response occurred without change in [Ca2+]i.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
16176868-4	2006	Here, we showed that retinoids inhibit phorbol ester-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression in human breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
16176868-4	2006	Here, we showed that retinoids inhibit phorbol ester-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression in human breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Homo sapiens	71-76
16515823-2	2006	We provided evidence that isoproterenol treatment, when combined with phorbol ester increased the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-12, and nitric oxide in murine macrophages, as well as in human monocytes and differentiated PLB-985 cells, while in agreement with earlier findings, it decreased inflammatory mediator production in combination with LPS stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	112-139
16582936-11	2006	GHSR-1a-mediated ERK1/2 activation was abolished both by a general protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, Go6983, and by PKC depletion using overnight pretreatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	17-23
16533503-10	2006	11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase1 expression and reductase activity were increased with phorbol ester-induced hypertrophy but not phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-36
16640328-1	2006	Conventional (alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma) and novel (delta, epsilon, eta, theta) protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes are main targets of tumor promoters, such as phorbol esters and indolactam-V (ILV).	Phorbol Esters	159-173	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	0-80
16792405-0	2006	Nitrogen-containing phorbol esters from Croton ciliatoglandulifer and their effects on cyclooxygenases-1 and -2.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	87-111
16739988-4	2006	Site-specific phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4G and elevated levels of eIF4G:eIF4E complexes in phorbol ester treated HEK293 cells, and in serum-starved tumorigenic human mesenchymal stromal cells, attested to their activated translational states.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	33-38
16739988-4	2006	Site-specific phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4G and elevated levels of eIF4G:eIF4E complexes in phorbol ester treated HEK293 cells, and in serum-starved tumorigenic human mesenchymal stromal cells, attested to their activated translational states.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1	Homo sapiens	43-48
16739988-4	2006	Site-specific phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4G and elevated levels of eIF4G:eIF4E complexes in phorbol ester treated HEK293 cells, and in serum-starved tumorigenic human mesenchymal stromal cells, attested to their activated translational states.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
16739988-4	2006	Site-specific phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4G and elevated levels of eIF4G:eIF4E complexes in phorbol ester treated HEK293 cells, and in serum-starved tumorigenic human mesenchymal stromal cells, attested to their activated translational states.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	78-83
16739988-6	2006	Elevated levels of Gemin5:eIF4E complexes were found in phorbol ester treated HEK293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	gem nuclear organelle associated protein 5	Homo sapiens	19-25
16739988-6	2006	Elevated levels of Gemin5:eIF4E complexes were found in phorbol ester treated HEK293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	26-31
16434970-6	2006	In addition, several JNK upstream activators, including the phorbol ester TPA, anisomycin and MAPK kinase kinase-1 (MEKK1), phosphorylated Nur77 and induced its nuclear export.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	139-144
16670319-4	2006	When stimulated with phorbol ester, nonlytic TIL bind purified ICAM-1 equivalently as lytic TIL, suggesting that LFA-1 can be activated if proximal TCR signaling is bypassed.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	63-69
16670319-4	2006	When stimulated with phorbol ester, nonlytic TIL bind purified ICAM-1 equivalently as lytic TIL, suggesting that LFA-1 can be activated if proximal TCR signaling is bypassed.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	113-118
16545924-7	2006	Luciferase reporter analysis using Neuro-2a cells and electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified a neuronal restrictive silencer element (NRSE; -2573 approximately -2553) and a phorbol ester-sensitive AP-2 element with repressor activity (-44 approximately -33) among multiple positive and negative regulatory regions.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	transcription factor AP-2, alpha	Mus musculus	207-211
16434970-6	2006	In addition, several JNK upstream activators, including the phorbol ester TPA, anisomycin and MAPK kinase kinase-1 (MEKK1), phosphorylated Nur77 and induced its nuclear export.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	21-24
16640328-1	2006	Conventional (alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma) and novel (delta, epsilon, eta, theta) protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes are main targets of tumor promoters, such as phorbol esters and indolactam-V (ILV).	Phorbol Esters	159-173	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	100-103
16565508-3	2006	Here, we report the cloning of a novel cDNA sequence, from mouse back skin, that is induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and codes for a hitherto unknown aspartic proteinase-like protein (Taps).	Phorbol Esters	99-112	aspartic peptidase, retroviral-like 1	Mus musculus	223-227
16498671-1	2006	BACKGROUND: We previously reported a flow cytometry technique to monitor pharmacodynamic effects of the raf kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 based on the ability of phorbol ester (PMA) to phosphorylate extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) in peripheral blood (Chow et al., Cytometry 2001;46:72-78).	Phorbol Esters	161-174	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	198-228
16498671-1	2006	BACKGROUND: We previously reported a flow cytometry technique to monitor pharmacodynamic effects of the raf kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 based on the ability of phorbol ester (PMA) to phosphorylate extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) in peripheral blood (Chow et al., Cytometry 2001;46:72-78).	Phorbol Esters	161-174	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	230-233
16569702-2	2006	We cloned the zebrafish homologue of mammalian alpha2-chimerin (chn1) and determined that it possesses Rac-GAP activity and a C1 domain with phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding capability.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
16527858-9	2006	The phorbol ester PDBu, which blocks ClC-3-mediated Cl- currents, had no effect on VRAC currents and up-regulated EAA release.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	chloride voltage-gated channel 3	Rattus norvegicus	37-42
16434035-1	2006	Cortactin, a multi-domain scaffolding protein involved in actin polymerization, is enriched in podosomes induced by phorbol ester in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	cortactin	Homo sapiens	0-9
16458016-2	2006	In PC12, expression of TNF-alpha mRNA, protein and TNF-alpha gene promoter activity was induced by co-stimulation with phorbol ester and either calcium ionophore A23187 or the L-type Voltage Gated Calcium Channel agonist Bay K 8644.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	23-32
16554442-6	2006	Furthermore activation of the neural ELAV proteins by phorbol esters in human SH-SY5Y cells is associated with an increase of Musashi-1 protein content in the cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	musashi RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	126-135
16635257-3	2006	To investigate possible interactions between these two pathways before they converge on Raf activation, we evaluated whether phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, TPA)-dependent PKC activation required Ras for regulation of TH expression in IMR-32 cells.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	194-197
16385588-3	2006	Induction of COX-2 by phorbol ester was observed in RPMI-8226 and HPC cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	13-18
16458016-2	2006	In PC12, expression of TNF-alpha mRNA, protein and TNF-alpha gene promoter activity was induced by co-stimulation with phorbol ester and either calcium ionophore A23187 or the L-type Voltage Gated Calcium Channel agonist Bay K 8644.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	51-60
16460753-0	2006	Scanning mutagenesis studies reveal multiple distinct regions within the human protein kinase C alpha regulatory domain important for phorbol ester-dependent activation of the enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	79-101
16417946-1	2006	The activity and the membrane expression of EAAT3 glutamate transporter are stimulated upon PKC activation by phorbol esters in C6 rat glioma cells.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
16460753-1	2006	While phorbol ester-binding sites within protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha) have been identified and characterized utilizing fragments of the enzyme, it remains unclear whether additional regions within the enzyme may play an important role in its ability to be activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	41-63
16460753-1	2006	While phorbol ester-binding sites within protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha) have been identified and characterized utilizing fragments of the enzyme, it remains unclear whether additional regions within the enzyme may play an important role in its ability to be activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	65-73
16460753-1	2006	While phorbol ester-binding sites within protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha) have been identified and characterized utilizing fragments of the enzyme, it remains unclear whether additional regions within the enzyme may play an important role in its ability to be activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	274-287	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	41-63
16460753-5	2006	In addition, we identified a number of regions within the PKC regulatory domain that, when mutagenized, blocked the activation of PKC-mediated growth repression by phorbol ester while actually enhancing phorbol ester binding in vitro (residues 33-62, and 75-86).	Phorbol Esters	164-177	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-61
16460753-5	2006	In addition, we identified a number of regions within the PKC regulatory domain that, when mutagenized, blocked the activation of PKC-mediated growth repression by phorbol ester while actually enhancing phorbol ester binding in vitro (residues 33-62, and 75-86).	Phorbol Esters	203-216	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-61
16297629-1	2006	A series of 2-benzyl and 2-phenyl-3-hydroxypropyl pivalates designed to incorporate the principal pharmacophores of phorbol esters have been synthesized and tested as PKC-alpha ligands.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	167-176
16453176-5	2006	The major phosphorylation sites of h-CaD when activated by phorbol ester are the Erk-specific sites, modification of which is attenuated by the MEK inhibitor PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	caldesmon 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
16551868-3	2006	Using human leukemia cell lines and patient samples, we show that CDDO-Me potently inhibits both constitutive and inducible NF-kappaB activated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1beta, phorbol ester, okadaic acid, hydrogen peroxide, lipopolysaccharide, and cigarette smoke.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	124-133
16453176-5	2006	The major phosphorylation sites of h-CaD when activated by phorbol ester are the Erk-specific sites, modification of which is attenuated by the MEK inhibitor PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	81-84
16453176-5	2006	The major phosphorylation sites of h-CaD when activated by phorbol ester are the Erk-specific sites, modification of which is attenuated by the MEK inhibitor PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	144-147
16449321-0	2006	A signalling cascade involving PKC, Src and Cdc42 regulates podosome assembly in cultured endothelial cells in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	31-34
16478997-0	2006	Sp1 deacetylation induced by phorbol ester recruits p300 to activate 12(S)-lipoxygenase gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	E1A binding protein p300	Homo sapiens	52-56
16478997-0	2006	Sp1 deacetylation induced by phorbol ester recruits p300 to activate 12(S)-lipoxygenase gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type	Homo sapiens	69-87
16525579-9	2006	Serp-1 bound to the plasma membrane surface and altered uPA activation of endothelial cells (p=0.001), thrombin activation of platelets (p=0.021) and phorbol ester activation of endothelial (p=0.047), monocyte (p=0.011) and Jurkat T cells (p=0.012) as measured by intracellular calcium.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	stress associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
16368696-1	2006	The neuronal glutamate transporter, EAAC1 (excitatory amino acid carrier 1), undergoes rapid regulation after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or phorbol ester in C6 glioma cells and neurons.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
16368696-1	2006	The neuronal glutamate transporter, EAAC1 (excitatory amino acid carrier 1), undergoes rapid regulation after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or phorbol ester in C6 glioma cells and neurons.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Homo sapiens	43-74
16302263-1	2006	BACKGROUND: Human cultured prostatic stromal cells respond to protein kinase G (PKG) activators and the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) by opening ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP) channels) to reduce nifedipine-sensitive phorbol ester-induced contractility.	Phorbol Esters	244-257	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	62-78
16302263-1	2006	BACKGROUND: Human cultured prostatic stromal cells respond to protein kinase G (PKG) activators and the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) by opening ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP) channels) to reduce nifedipine-sensitive phorbol ester-induced contractility.	Phorbol Esters	244-257	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
16385079-4	2006	Inhibition of protein kinase Cs (PKCs) does not affect the PE-induced reduction in KChIP2 mRNA level, whereas activation of PKC with phorbol ester (phorbol myristate [PMA]) causes a marked reduction in KChIP2 mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	potassium voltage-gated channel interacting protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	202-208
16449321-0	2006	A signalling cascade involving PKC, Src and Cdc42 regulates podosome assembly in cultured endothelial cells in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	36-39
16449321-0	2006	A signalling cascade involving PKC, Src and Cdc42 regulates podosome assembly in cultured endothelial cells in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	44-49
16162656-1	2006	Cortactin, a predominant substrate of Src family kinases, plays an important role in Arp2/3-dependent actin polymerization in lamellipodia and membrane ruffles and was recently shown to be enriched in podosomes induced by either c-Src or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	238-251	cortactin	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
16162656-4	2006	Treatment with phorbol ester or expression of constitutively active c-Src induced genesis of cortactin-containing podosomes as well as increase in phosphorylation of cortactin at Y421 and Y466, the Src phosphorylation sites on cortactin.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	cortactin	Rattus norvegicus	93-102
16162656-4	2006	Treatment with phorbol ester or expression of constitutively active c-Src induced genesis of cortactin-containing podosomes as well as increase in phosphorylation of cortactin at Y421 and Y466, the Src phosphorylation sites on cortactin.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	cortactin	Rattus norvegicus	166-175
16162656-4	2006	Treatment with phorbol ester or expression of constitutively active c-Src induced genesis of cortactin-containing podosomes as well as increase in phosphorylation of cortactin at Y421 and Y466, the Src phosphorylation sites on cortactin.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	cortactin	Rattus norvegicus	166-175
16162656-5	2006	The Src kinase inhibitor SU-6656 significantly inhibited formation of podosomes induced by phorbol ester and phosphorylation of cortactin, whereas PKCalpha inhibitor did not affect podosome formation in c-Src-transfected cells.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
16428436-7	2006	T cells lacking CBP or p300 had reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha gene expression in response to phorbol ester and ionophore, while signal-responsive gene expression in CBP- or p300-deficient macrophages was largely intact.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	CREB binding protein	Mus musculus	16-19
16415104-2	2006	Src expression was most pronounced upon stimulation with CD154, and to a lesser extent CD70, Staphylococcus aureus, Cowan strain I and phorbol ester, and correlated with the activation of the cells.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
16414987-3	2006	Induction of the lytic cycle in EBV-positive AGS/BX1 cells with phorbol ester and sodium butyrate treatment led to a transient stimulation of C/EBPbeta expression and a prolonged increase in C/EBPalpha expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta	Homo sapiens	142-151
16414987-3	2006	Induction of the lytic cycle in EBV-positive AGS/BX1 cells with phorbol ester and sodium butyrate treatment led to a transient stimulation of C/EBPbeta expression and a prolonged increase in C/EBPalpha expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	191-201
16449666-6	2006	Herein, we show that phosphorylation and nuclear export of the class II histone deacetylases HDAC5 and HDAC7 are rapidly induced following ligation of the BCR or after treatment with phorbol esters (a diacylglycerol mimetic).	Phorbol Esters	183-197	histone deacetylase 7	Gallus gallus	103-108
16449666-6	2006	Herein, we show that phosphorylation and nuclear export of the class II histone deacetylases HDAC5 and HDAC7 are rapidly induced following ligation of the BCR or after treatment with phorbol esters (a diacylglycerol mimetic).	Phorbol Esters	183-197	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Gallus gallus	155-158
16505094-3	2006	PRL-3 mRNA levels were determined in several normal human endothelial cells exposed or unexposed to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and in 27 human tumor cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3	Homo sapiens	0-5
16428436-7	2006	T cells lacking CBP or p300 had reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha gene expression in response to phorbol ester and ionophore, while signal-responsive gene expression in CBP- or p300-deficient macrophages was largely intact.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	E1A binding protein p300	Mus musculus	23-27
16428436-7	2006	T cells lacking CBP or p300 had reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha gene expression in response to phorbol ester and ionophore, while signal-responsive gene expression in CBP- or p300-deficient macrophages was largely intact.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	40-67
16418272-6	2006	Wild-type animals treated with phorbol esters and double-mutant animals of diacylglycerol (DAG) kinases, dgk-3; dgk-1, also have a defect in adaptation, suggesting that elevated DAG signals disrupt normal adaptation.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	putative diacylglycerol kinase 3	Caenorhabditis elegans	105-110
16049964-0	2006	Ginseng saponin metabolite suppresses phorbol ester-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression through inhibition of activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in human astroglioma cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	60-86
16380122-0	2006	Hirsutenone inhibits phorbol ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 in cultured human mammary epithelial cells: NF-kappaB as a potential molecular target.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
16380122-0	2006	Hirsutenone inhibits phorbol ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 in cultured human mammary epithelial cells: NF-kappaB as a potential molecular target.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	69-74
16380122-0	2006	Hirsutenone inhibits phorbol ester-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 in cultured human mammary epithelial cells: NF-kappaB as a potential molecular target.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	119-128
16197368-3	2006	In the present paper, we show that, in human platelets, VASP is phosphorylated by PKC on Ser157, but not Ser239, in response to phorbol ester stimulation, in a manner blocked by the PKC inhibitor BIM I (bisindolylmaleimide I).	Phorbol Esters	128-141	vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein	Homo sapiens	56-60
16049964-0	2006	Ginseng saponin metabolite suppresses phorbol ester-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression through inhibition of activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in human astroglioma cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	120-139
16407561-10	2006	By overexpression of Syt1 mutated in the shared PKC/calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase phosphorylation site, we show that phorbol esters act independently and upstream of Syt1 to regulate the size of the releasable pools.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	21-25
16424016-4	2006	Using NIH 3T3 cells, we show that phorbol esters, acting through protein kinase C-delta (PKCdelta) and mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 (MEK-1), fully stimulate the transcriptional activity of endogenous and overexpressed GLI proteins, as assessed by GLI-luciferase reporter assays, and induce the expression of endogenous GLI1 and PTCH-1 target genes, as assessed by reverse transcription-PCR.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	65-87
16386712-3	2006	The translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane was studied using the phorbol ester 12,13-dibutyrate ([3H]PDBu) binding in control and bilateral entorhinal cortex (EC) lesioned rats.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	21-24
16336199-1	2006	We have previously identified a phorbol ester-induced PKCepsilon (protein kinase Cepsilon) interaction with the ( approximately 18 kDa) COIV [CO (cytochrome c oxidase) subunit IV] in NCMs (neonatal cardiac myocytes).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	54-64
16607569-0	2006	Protein kinase C and downstream signaling pathways in a three-dimensional model of phorbol ester-induced angiogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
16162097-3	2006	In the present study, we show that in response to phorbol ester treatment, the gap junction channel protein Cx43 (connexin43) is redistributed from the plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles positive for markers for early and late endosomes and for the endolysosomal protease cathepsin D.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	108-112
16162097-3	2006	In the present study, we show that in response to phorbol ester treatment, the gap junction channel protein Cx43 (connexin43) is redistributed from the plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles positive for markers for early and late endosomes and for the endolysosomal protease cathepsin D.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	114-124
16162097-3	2006	In the present study, we show that in response to phorbol ester treatment, the gap junction channel protein Cx43 (connexin43) is redistributed from the plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles positive for markers for early and late endosomes and for the endolysosomal protease cathepsin D.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	cathepsin D	Homo sapiens	279-290
16336199-1	2006	We have previously identified a phorbol ester-induced PKCepsilon (protein kinase Cepsilon) interaction with the ( approximately 18 kDa) COIV [CO (cytochrome c oxidase) subunit IV] in NCMs (neonatal cardiac myocytes).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	66-89
19771276-0	2006	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced mouse skin tumor promotion and COX-2 expression by celecoxib: C/EBP as a potential molecular target.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha	Mus musculus	98-103
16336199-1	2006	We have previously identified a phorbol ester-induced PKCepsilon (protein kinase Cepsilon) interaction with the ( approximately 18 kDa) COIV [CO (cytochrome c oxidase) subunit IV] in NCMs (neonatal cardiac myocytes).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1	Homo sapiens	146-178
16122700-7	2005	In addition to the functional role of Sp1 in gene regulation of 12(S)-lipoxygenase, recent studies have also demonstrated that Sp1 acting as an anchor protein to recruit transcription factor c-Jun is essential for growth factor and/or phorbol ester-induced expression of several genes.	Phorbol Esters	235-248	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type	Homo sapiens	64-82
16202672-2	2005	Phorbol esters, via binding to the PKC C1 domains, cause major effects on mitogenesis by controlling the activity of cyclin-cdk complexes and the expression of cdk inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	117-123
16143298-1	2005	Arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase was identified in phorbol ester induced mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	0-27
16543720-5	2006	ET-1-induced [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation and activation of ERK 1/2 were inhibited by pretreatment of SMC with pertussis toxin or down regulation of phorbol ester responsive isoforms of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
16543720-5	2006	ET-1-induced [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation and activation of ERK 1/2 were inhibited by pretreatment of SMC with pertussis toxin or down regulation of phorbol ester responsive isoforms of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	62-69
16543726-4	2006	In Cav2.3-containing channels the cytosolic linker between domains II and III confers a novel Ca2+ sensitivity to E-type Ca2+ channels including phorbol ester sensitive signalling via protein kinase C (PKC) in Cav2.3 transfected HEK-293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E	Homo sapiens	3-9
16543726-4	2006	In Cav2.3-containing channels the cytosolic linker between domains II and III confers a novel Ca2+ sensitivity to E-type Ca2+ channels including phorbol ester sensitive signalling via protein kinase C (PKC) in Cav2.3 transfected HEK-293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	202-205
16543726-4	2006	In Cav2.3-containing channels the cytosolic linker between domains II and III confers a novel Ca2+ sensitivity to E-type Ca2+ channels including phorbol ester sensitive signalling via protein kinase C (PKC) in Cav2.3 transfected HEK-293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E	Homo sapiens	210-216
16543726-5	2006	To understand Ca2+ and phorbol ester mediated activation of Cav2.3 Ca2+ channels, protein interaction partners of the II-III loop were identified.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E	Homo sapiens	60-66
16920480-6	2006	The effect of glucocorticoid and phorbol ester stimulation on monocyte and dendritic cell CD163 and CD91 expression was investigated in cell culture of mononuclear cells using multicolor flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	CD163 molecule	Homo sapiens	90-95
16920480-6	2006	The effect of glucocorticoid and phorbol ester stimulation on monocyte and dendritic cell CD163 and CD91 expression was investigated in cell culture of mononuclear cells using multicolor flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	LDL receptor related protein 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
16352660-3	2006	Here we demonstrate endogenous expression of beta2-chimaerin in T lymphocytes and study the functional role of this protein in phorbol ester and chemokine (CXCL12)-regulated T-cell responses.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
16352660-5	2006	Our results demonstrate that active Rac cooperates with C1-dependent phorbol ester binding to induce sustained GFP-beta2-chimaerin localization to the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
16352660-5	2006	Our results demonstrate that active Rac cooperates with C1-dependent phorbol ester binding to induce sustained GFP-beta2-chimaerin localization to the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	115-120
16275895-7	2006	Phorbol ester-stimulated CD8+ T cells also expressed CD244 and CD94, and CD4+ T cells expressed CD94.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD244 molecule	Bos taurus	53-58
16275895-7	2006	Phorbol ester-stimulated CD8+ T cells also expressed CD244 and CD94, and CD4+ T cells expressed CD94.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	natural killer cells antigen CD94	Bos taurus	63-67
16275895-7	2006	Phorbol ester-stimulated CD8+ T cells also expressed CD244 and CD94, and CD4+ T cells expressed CD94.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	natural killer cells antigen CD94	Bos taurus	96-100
16249966-7	2006	DLEC cells are sensitive to substances known to induce differentiation of mammalian cells such as retinoic acid and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	C-type lectin domain family 4 member C	Homo sapiens	0-4
16122700-7	2005	In addition to the functional role of Sp1 in gene regulation of 12(S)-lipoxygenase, recent studies have also demonstrated that Sp1 acting as an anchor protein to recruit transcription factor c-Jun is essential for growth factor and/or phorbol ester-induced expression of several genes.	Phorbol Esters	235-248	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	191-196
16303868-3	2005	Here, we demonstrate that NO-evoked postsynaptic LTP in mice cerebellum was blocked by botulinum toxin and enhanced by prior treatment with phorbol ester, which is known to induce GluR2 endocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA2 (alpha 2)	Mus musculus	180-185
16336777-2	2005	Phorbol esters, the prototype PKC activators, cause PKC translocation to the plasma membrane in prostate cancer cells, and trigger an apoptotic response.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	30-33
16204245-5	2005	Phosphorylation of DAT induced by METH was also prevented by the protein kinase C blocker bisindoylmaleimide I and was absent in an N-terminally truncated protein that lacks the first 21 residues including 6 serines that also represent the site of phorbol ester induced phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	248-261	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
16313517-6	2005	RT-PCR and immunoblotting analyses showed that phorbol ester-regulated PKC isozymes (conventional: alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma; novel: delta, epsilon, eta, theta) and protein kinase D (PKCmicro) are expressed in HEK293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	185-193
15992925-11	2005	All these results indicate that decursin and phorbol ester are PKC activators distinctively acting in megakaryocytic differentiation and PKC modulation in K562 leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	63-66
15992925-11	2005	All these results indicate that decursin and phorbol ester are PKC activators distinctively acting in megakaryocytic differentiation and PKC modulation in K562 leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	137-140
16037131-7	2005	Maximum stimulation of D3 by TGF-beta also requires MAPK and is synergistic with phorbol ester and several mitogens known to signal through transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases but not with estradiol.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	29-37
16336777-2	2005	Phorbol esters, the prototype PKC activators, cause PKC translocation to the plasma membrane in prostate cancer cells, and trigger an apoptotic response.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	52-55
16336777-5	2005	Studies using RNAi revealed that depletion of PKCdelta totally abolishes the apoptotic effect of the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	46-54
16336777-11	2005	Dissecting the pathways downstream of PKC isozymes represents a major challenge to understanding the molecular basis of phorbol ester-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	38-41
16149074-0	2005	Inhibition of low density lipoprotein receptor expression by long-term exposure to phorbol ester via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	14-46
16000638-1	2005	In secretory epithelia, activation of PKC by phorbol ester and carbachol negatively regulates Cl(-) secretion, the transport event of secretory diarrhea.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
16183650-0	2005	Phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via autocrine activation of the extrinsic apoptotic cascade: a key role for protein kinase C delta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	133-155
16183650-1	2005	It is well established that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters promotes apoptosis in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	60-63
16356124-0	2005	Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 by blocking ERK1/2 phosphorylation and NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	57-104
16356124-0	2005	Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 by blocking ERK1/2 phosphorylation and NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	117-123
16356124-0	2005	Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 by blocking ERK1/2 phosphorylation and NF-kappaB transcriptional activity in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	144-153
15927450-0	2005	Individual C1 domains of PKD3 in phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3 in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	PKD3	Homo sapiens	25-29
15927450-0	2005	Individual C1 domains of PKD3 in phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3 in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	PKD3	Homo sapiens	88-92
15927450-2	2005	The regulatory region of PKD contains a tandem repeat of C1 domains designated C1a and C1b that bind diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, and are important membrane targeting modules.	Phorbol Esters	120-134	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
15927450-3	2005	Here, we investigate the activities of individual C1 domains of PKD3 and their roles in phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	PKD3	Homo sapiens	64-68
15927450-3	2005	Here, we investigate the activities of individual C1 domains of PKD3 and their roles in phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	PKD3	Homo sapiens	143-147
15927450-5	2005	Meanwhile, mutations in C1a of truncated C1ab of PKD3 lead to the loss of binding affinity, while these mutations in C1b have little impact, indicating that C1a is responsible for most of the phorbol ester-binding activities of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	PKD3	Homo sapiens	49-53
15927450-5	2005	Meanwhile, mutations in C1a of truncated C1ab of PKD3 lead to the loss of binding affinity, while these mutations in C1b have little impact, indicating that C1a is responsible for most of the phorbol ester-binding activities of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
15927450-5	2005	Meanwhile, mutations in C1a of truncated C1ab of PKD3 lead to the loss of binding affinity, while these mutations in C1b have little impact, indicating that C1a is responsible for most of the phorbol ester-binding activities of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	PKD3	Homo sapiens	228-232
15927450-6	2005	C1a and C1b of the GFP-tagged full length PKD3 are then mutated to assess their roles in phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	PKD3	Homo sapiens	42-46
15927450-11	2005	Taken together, our results indicate that both C1a and the kinase activity of PKD3 are necessary for the phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
15927450-11	2005	Taken together, our results indicate that both C1a and the kinase activity of PKD3 are necessary for the phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	PKD3	Homo sapiens	78-82
15927450-11	2005	Taken together, our results indicate that both C1a and the kinase activity of PKD3 are necessary for the phorbol ester-induced plasma membrane translocation of PKD3.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	PKD3	Homo sapiens	160-164
15951158-2	2005	Previous studies revealed that the activation of PLD1 by phorbol ester is associated with the binding of PKCalpha to a site in the N-terminus of PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	49-53
15951158-2	2005	Previous studies revealed that the activation of PLD1 by phorbol ester is associated with the binding of PKCalpha to a site in the N-terminus of PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	105-113
15951158-2	2005	Previous studies revealed that the activation of PLD1 by phorbol ester is associated with the binding of PKCalpha to a site in the N-terminus of PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	145-149
16186161-1	2005	Using intracellular cytokine staining we show herein that T cells will respond to short-term (6 h) activation with phorbol ester plus ionomycin by production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IFN-gamma or both.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	190-199
16149074-5	2005	The effect of phorbol ester on LDLR transcriptional activity was studied using transient transfection of LDLR promoter-luciferase constructs.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	31-35
16149074-0	2005	Inhibition of low density lipoprotein receptor expression by long-term exposure to phorbol ester via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	101-137
16149074-3	2005	In this study, we observed that there was an early induction and a later repression of LDLR by phorbol ester (PMA) in SK-Hep1 hepatocarcinoma cells and investigated the mechanisms through which PMA repressed LDLR transcription.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	87-91
16079140-1	2005	The regulatory domain of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) contains three membrane-targeting modules, two C1 domains (C1A and C1B) that bind diacylglycerol and phorbol ester, and the C2 domain that is responsible for the Ca2+-dependent membrane binding.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	25-46
16341931-1	2005	Stable overexpression of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is known to enhance phorbol ester stimulation of phospholipase D (PLD) activity and protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) levels in SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	72-78
16341931-1	2005	Stable overexpression of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is known to enhance phorbol ester stimulation of phospholipase D (PLD) activity and protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) levels in SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	129-144
16341931-1	2005	Stable overexpression of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is known to enhance phorbol ester stimulation of phospholipase D (PLD) activity and protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) levels in SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	146-149
16341931-3	2005	Like control cells, those expressing wild type MARCKS were elongated and possessed longitudinally oriented stress fibers, although these cells were more prone to detach from the substratum and undergo cell death upon phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	217-230	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	47-53
16079140-1	2005	The regulatory domain of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) contains three membrane-targeting modules, two C1 domains (C1A and C1B) that bind diacylglycerol and phorbol ester, and the C2 domain that is responsible for the Ca2+-dependent membrane binding.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	48-56
16079149-6	2005	The mutant proteins are also effective inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) release from phorbol ester-stimulated cells, indicating that they provide a lead for engineering TACE-specific inhibitors that may reduce side effects arising from MMP inhibition and are possibly useful for treatment of diseases associated with excessive TNF-alpha levels such as rheumatoid arthritis.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-80
16179585-2	2005	TRPV4 gates in response to a large variety of stimuli, including cell swelling, warm temperatures, the synthetic phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4alpha-PDD), and the endogenous lipid arachidonic acid (AA).	Phorbol Esters	113-126	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Mus musculus	0-5
16221859-4	2005	Here, we show that the nonkinase phorbol ester receptor alpha1-chimerin is present in dendrites and spines, where it binds to the NMDA receptor NR2A subunit in a phorbol ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A	Homo sapiens	144-148
16096279-1	2005	The rate of cleavage secretion of the enzymatically active ectodomain of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation of the protein and by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an activator of protein kinase C. Here, we report that both calmodulin inhibitor (CaMI) and calmodulin kinase inhibitor could also enhance cleavage secretion of ACE.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	73-102
16096279-1	2005	The rate of cleavage secretion of the enzymatically active ectodomain of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation of the protein and by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an activator of protein kinase C. Here, we report that both calmodulin inhibitor (CaMI) and calmodulin kinase inhibitor could also enhance cleavage secretion of ACE.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	104-107
16102725-0	2005	Curcumin suppresses phorbol ester-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression by inhibiting the PKC to MAPK signaling pathways in human astroglioma cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	42-68
16177084-7	2005	Overexpression of mCD160 in the mouse NK cell line KY-2 inhibits IFN-gamma production induced by phorbol ester plus ionomycin, whereas it enhances IFN-gamma production induced by NK1.1 cross-linking or incubation with dendritic cells.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	CD160 antigen	Mus musculus	18-24
16099426-0	2005	Functional cytoplasmic domains of the Mac-1 integrin receptor in phorbol ester-treated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	38-43
16099426-2	2005	Phorbol ester-induced macrophagic differentiation in U937 cells leads to surface expression of Mac-1 and its activation as well.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	95-100
16055440-2	2005	Phorbol ester stimulation of cells induces phosphorylation of two inhibitory serine residues in IRS-1, i.e. Ser-307 and Ser-318, suggesting that both sites may be targets of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin receptor substrate 1	Mus musculus	96-101
16055440-5	2005	We found that phorbol ester-induced Ser-307 phosphorylation is reduced markedly in Shp2-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Shp2-/-) whereas Ser-318 phosphorylation is unaltered.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11	Mus musculus	83-87
16055440-5	2005	We found that phorbol ester-induced Ser-307 phosphorylation is reduced markedly in Shp2-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Shp2-/-) whereas Ser-318 phosphorylation is unaltered.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11	Mus musculus	127-131
16055440-8	2005	Furthermore, Shp2-dependent phorbol ester effects on Ser-307 were blocked by wortmannin, rapamycin, and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11	Mus musculus	13-17
16055440-8	2005	Furthermore, Shp2-dependent phorbol ester effects on Ser-307 were blocked by wortmannin, rapamycin, and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	108-133
16055440-8	2005	Furthermore, Shp2-dependent phorbol ester effects on Ser-307 were blocked by wortmannin, rapamycin, and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	135-138
16125151-6	2005	Peripheral activation of PKC using the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) mimicked the pro-nociceptive effect of GAL.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	galanin and GMAP prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
16055081-10	2005	Zn2+ also suppressed IL-2 mRNA expression induced by phorbol ester (PMA) and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
16055435-0	2005	Phorbol ester-induced G1 phase arrest selectively mediated by protein kinase Cdelta-dependent induction of p21.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	107-110
16055435-2	2005	In this report, we show that PKCdelta mediates phorbol ester-induced G1 arrest in lung adenocarcinoma cells and establish an essential role for this novel PKC in controlling the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	29-37
16055435-2	2005	In this report, we show that PKCdelta mediates phorbol ester-induced G1 arrest in lung adenocarcinoma cells and establish an essential role for this novel PKC in controlling the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	29-32
16055435-2	2005	In this report, we show that PKCdelta mediates phorbol ester-induced G1 arrest in lung adenocarcinoma cells and establish an essential role for this novel PKC in controlling the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	217-220
16079149-6	2005	The mutant proteins are also effective inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) release from phorbol ester-stimulated cells, indicating that they provide a lead for engineering TACE-specific inhibitors that may reduce side effects arising from MMP inhibition and are possibly useful for treatment of diseases associated with excessive TNF-alpha levels such as rheumatoid arthritis.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	82-91
16079149-6	2005	The mutant proteins are also effective inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) release from phorbol ester-stimulated cells, indicating that they provide a lead for engineering TACE-specific inhibitors that may reduce side effects arising from MMP inhibition and are possibly useful for treatment of diseases associated with excessive TNF-alpha levels such as rheumatoid arthritis.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	190-194
16079149-6	2005	The mutant proteins are also effective inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) release from phorbol ester-stimulated cells, indicating that they provide a lead for engineering TACE-specific inhibitors that may reduce side effects arising from MMP inhibition and are possibly useful for treatment of diseases associated with excessive TNF-alpha levels such as rheumatoid arthritis.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	348-357
16045453-8	2005	The amount of PKCalpha in both types of immunoprecipitate was modestly increased by phorbol ester, and this increase was blocked by a PKC antagonist.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	14-22
16005434-2	2005	Hormones and phorbol esters (PMA) inhibit NPR-B in calcium and protein kinase c-dependent manners, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	natriuretic peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
15993753-6	2005	The endogenous integral membrane pool of PKC in mouse fibroblasts is found to be acutely regulated by phorbol ester or diacylglycerol, suggesting that this pool of PKC may participate in cellular processes known to be regulated by PKC.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	41-44
15993753-6	2005	The endogenous integral membrane pool of PKC in mouse fibroblasts is found to be acutely regulated by phorbol ester or diacylglycerol, suggesting that this pool of PKC may participate in cellular processes known to be regulated by PKC.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	164-167
15993753-6	2005	The endogenous integral membrane pool of PKC in mouse fibroblasts is found to be acutely regulated by phorbol ester or diacylglycerol, suggesting that this pool of PKC may participate in cellular processes known to be regulated by PKC.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	164-167
16045453-4	2005	In the present study, expression of the phorbol ester-activated subtypes of PKC was examined in C6 glioma transfected with GLT-1.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
16045453-4	2005	In the present study, expression of the phorbol ester-activated subtypes of PKC was examined in C6 glioma transfected with GLT-1.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	123-128
16045453-6	2005	In this system, phorbol ester-dependent internalization of GLT-1 was blocked by a general inhibitor of PKCs (bisindolylmaleimide II) and by concentrations of Go6976 that selectively block classical PKCs, but not by an inhibitor of PKCdelta (rottlerin).	Phorbol Esters	16-29	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
16045453-8	2005	The amount of PKCalpha in both types of immunoprecipitate was modestly increased by phorbol ester, and this increase was blocked by a PKC antagonist.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
15975900-4	2005	C1a/C1b, in particular C1b, is required for phorbol ester binding and gastrin-stimulated PKD2 activation, but it has no inhibitory effect on the catalytic activity.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
15975900-0	2005	Role of the regulatory domain of protein kinase D2 in phorbol ester binding, catalytic activity, and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	33-50
15975900-7	2005	In conclusion, our results define the critical components of the PKD2 regulatory domain controlling phorbol ester binding, catalytic activity, and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and reveal marked differences to the regulatory properties of this domain in PKD1.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	65-69
15975900-1	2005	Protein kinase D2 (PKD2) belongs to the PKD family of serine/threonine kinases that is activated by phorbol esters and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	0-17
15836435-0	2005	Molecular action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and phorbol ester on the activation of the rat cytochrome P450C24 (CYP24) promoter: role of MAP kinase activities and identification of an important transcription factor binding site.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-110
15975900-1	2005	Protein kinase D2 (PKD2) belongs to the PKD family of serine/threonine kinases that is activated by phorbol esters and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	19-23
15975900-3	2005	Here, we examined the role of the regulatory domain in PKD2 phorbol ester binding, catalytic activity, and subcellular localization: The PH domain is a negative regulator of kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	55-59
15947024-3	2005	In tissue culture, induction of PKC activity with phorbol esters synergizes the actions of TCDD-induced CYP1A1, while PKC inhibitors block induction of CYP1A1 by TCDD.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	104-110
15983030-5	2005	We demonstrated that ACE2, heterologously expressed in HEK293 cells and endogenously expressed in Huh7 cells, undergoes metalloproteinase-mediated, phorbol ester-inducible ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
16085055-7	2005	In this study, we demonstrate that tumor cells activated to bind HA by cytokines rapidly release CD44 upon treatment with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	122-135	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	97-101
15917249-3	2005	We have found previously that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by cytokines or phorbol esters drives normal human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitors and myeloid leukemic blasts (KG1, K562 cell lines, and primary patient blasts) to differentiate into DC.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	62-65
15917249-3	2005	We have found previously that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by cytokines or phorbol esters drives normal human CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitors and myeloid leukemic blasts (KG1, K562 cell lines, and primary patient blasts) to differentiate into DC.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	118-122
16026998-2	2005	In the cells activated by the protein kinase C specific phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and Ca(2+) ionophore (A23187) both adenosine and the subtype-specific receptor agonists, CPA (A1), CGS 21680 (A2A) and IB-MECA (A3) induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of IL-1beta release.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	193-196
16026998-2	2005	In the cells activated by the protein kinase C specific phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and Ca(2+) ionophore (A23187) both adenosine and the subtype-specific receptor agonists, CPA (A1), CGS 21680 (A2A) and IB-MECA (A3) induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of IL-1beta release.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	284-292
16055563-5	2005	Regardless of basal transport activity, all SERT variants displayed a capacity for rapid, phorbol ester-triggered down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	44-48
16061178-1	2005	Activation of the Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling cascade by phorbol esters (TPA) or protein kinase C (PKC) is well documented, although the underlying mechanism is not known.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	18-39
16061178-1	2005	Activation of the Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling cascade by phorbol esters (TPA) or protein kinase C (PKC) is well documented, although the underlying mechanism is not known.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	41-44
15836435-0	2005	Molecular action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and phorbol ester on the activation of the rat cytochrome P450C24 (CYP24) promoter: role of MAP kinase activities and identification of an important transcription factor binding site.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-117
16033530-5	2005	The inhibitory effect involved a defect at or before the level of protein kinase C activation because the addition of phorbol ester ablated the anti-Thy-1-mediated inhibition of anti-CD3-induced T cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	thymus cell antigen 1, theta	Mus musculus	149-154
16111639-3	2005	Constitutively active and kinase-inactive PKD1 mutants lacking the PKD1 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain block phorbol ester- and TCR-mediated activation and clustering of beta1 integrins.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	42-46
16054021-3	2005	Identification of the sheddases for EGFR ligands using mouse embryonic cells lacking candidate sheddases (a disintegrin and metalloprotease; ADAM) has revealed that ADAM10, -12 and -17 are the sheddases of the EGFR ligands in response to various shedding stimulants such as GPCR agonists, growth factors, cytokines, osmotic stress, wounding and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	345-358	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	36-40
16054021-3	2005	Identification of the sheddases for EGFR ligands using mouse embryonic cells lacking candidate sheddases (a disintegrin and metalloprotease; ADAM) has revealed that ADAM10, -12 and -17 are the sheddases of the EGFR ligands in response to various shedding stimulants such as GPCR agonists, growth factors, cytokines, osmotic stress, wounding and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	345-358	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 10	Mus musculus	165-171
16026585-5	2005	Prolonged culture (>8 weeks) in the presence of phorbol ester abrogates VEGFR-2 expression, explaining previous reports that Mc do not express VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	75-82
16111639-3	2005	Constitutively active and kinase-inactive PKD1 mutants lacking the PKD1 pleckstrin homology (PH) domain block phorbol ester- and TCR-mediated activation and clustering of beta1 integrins.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	67-71
16033530-5	2005	The inhibitory effect involved a defect at or before the level of protein kinase C activation because the addition of phorbol ester ablated the anti-Thy-1-mediated inhibition of anti-CD3-induced T cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	183-186
16141665-0	2005	Cdc42 contributes to phorbol ester-induced Ca2+-independent contraction of pulmonary artery smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Sus scrofa	0-5
16014943-0	2005	Human immunodeficiency virus reactivation by phorbol esters or T-cell receptor ligation requires both PKCalpha and PKCtheta.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	102-110
16014943-2	2005	Antigens, T-cell receptor (TCR) ligation, and phorbol esters can reactivate HIV from latency in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner; however, it is unknown which specific PKC isoforms are required for this effect.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	116-119
16141665-9	2005	These results indicate that phorbol ester evokes PKC-mediated Ca2+-independent contraction via a Rho GTPase pathway, especially Cdc42, in smooth muscle from swine pulmonary arteries.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	cell division control protein 42 homolog	Sus scrofa	128-133
16014943-2	2005	Antigens, T-cell receptor (TCR) ligation, and phorbol esters can reactivate HIV from latency in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner; however, it is unknown which specific PKC isoforms are required for this effect.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	177-180
15978941-2	2005	Phorbol ester-induced maturation of K562 cells was accompanied by repositioning of down-regulated BCR/ABL genes closer to the nuclear membrane.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	98-101
16024613-7	2005	However, whereas treatment of MCF-7 cells with the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate also enhances ERRalpha activation of the TFF1 promoter reporter, it does not affect ERRalpha activity on its own promoter.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	estrogen related receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	111-119
15978941-2	2005	Phorbol ester-induced maturation of K562 cells was accompanied by repositioning of down-regulated BCR/ABL genes closer to the nuclear membrane.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	102-105
15923181-6	2005	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester treatment of endothelial cells stimulated LIMK2 phosphorylation at Ser-283 and inhibited nuclear import of LIMK2 and the PDZ kinase construct of LIMK2 (amino acids 142-638) but not of LIMK1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	14-17
15923181-6	2005	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester treatment of endothelial cells stimulated LIMK2 phosphorylation at Ser-283 and inhibited nuclear import of LIMK2 and the PDZ kinase construct of LIMK2 (amino acids 142-638) but not of LIMK1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	LIM domain kinase 2	Homo sapiens	77-82
15923181-6	2005	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester treatment of endothelial cells stimulated LIMK2 phosphorylation at Ser-283 and inhibited nuclear import of LIMK2 and the PDZ kinase construct of LIMK2 (amino acids 142-638) but not of LIMK1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	LIM domain kinase 2	Homo sapiens	142-147
15923181-6	2005	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester treatment of endothelial cells stimulated LIMK2 phosphorylation at Ser-283 and inhibited nuclear import of LIMK2 and the PDZ kinase construct of LIMK2 (amino acids 142-638) but not of LIMK1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	LIM domain kinase 2	Homo sapiens	142-147
15923181-6	2005	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester treatment of endothelial cells stimulated LIMK2 phosphorylation at Ser-283 and inhibited nuclear import of LIMK2 and the PDZ kinase construct of LIMK2 (amino acids 142-638) but not of LIMK1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	LIM domain kinase 1	Homo sapiens	219-224
15923181-10	2005	Our study shows that phorbol ester and serum stimulation of endothelial cells inhibit nuclear import of LIMK2 but not LIMK1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	LIM domain kinase 2	Homo sapiens	104-109
15923181-12	2005	Since phorbol ester enhanced cyclin D1 expression and subsequent G1-to-S-phase transition of endothelial cells, we suggest that the PKC-mediated exclusion of LIMK2 from the nucleus might be a mechanism to relieve suppression of cyclin D1 expression by LIMK2.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	cyclin D1	Homo sapiens	29-38
15923181-12	2005	Since phorbol ester enhanced cyclin D1 expression and subsequent G1-to-S-phase transition of endothelial cells, we suggest that the PKC-mediated exclusion of LIMK2 from the nucleus might be a mechanism to relieve suppression of cyclin D1 expression by LIMK2.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	132-135
15923181-12	2005	Since phorbol ester enhanced cyclin D1 expression and subsequent G1-to-S-phase transition of endothelial cells, we suggest that the PKC-mediated exclusion of LIMK2 from the nucleus might be a mechanism to relieve suppression of cyclin D1 expression by LIMK2.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	LIM domain kinase 2	Homo sapiens	158-163
16024613-7	2005	However, whereas treatment of MCF-7 cells with the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate also enhances ERRalpha activation of the TFF1 promoter reporter, it does not affect ERRalpha activity on its own promoter.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	trefoil factor 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
15998291-7	2005	The acute influence of mGluR5 on aspartate uptake was phospholipase C- and protein kinase C-dependent, and was mimicked by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1	Mus musculus	23-29
15622522-3	2005	Activation of PKC by the phorbol ester TPA induced ZO-1 and occludin transcription, whereas PKC inhibition lead to decreased expression levels.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	occludin	Homo sapiens	39-68
15817708-5	2005	Protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol-ester prior to LPS resulted in a fivefold greater IL-10 production in G6PD-deficient macrophages compared with WT.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	18-21
15817708-5	2005	Protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol-ester prior to LPS resulted in a fivefold greater IL-10 production in G6PD-deficient macrophages compared with WT.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	95-100
15693752-2	2005	Phorbol esters, calcium or immunoglobulin receptors stimulate SK1 by promoting its translocation to the plasma membrane, which brings it into proximity both to its substrate (i.e. sphingosine) and to activating acidic phospholipids (e.g. phosphatidylserine).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
15837819-6	2005	When compared with other known TRPV1 antagonists, A-425619 exhibited superior potency in blocking both naive and phorbol ester-sensitized TRPV1 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	138-143
16262527-7	2005	RESULTS: At third month during treatment, phorbol ester-stimulated-IL-4 levels tend to be lower in patients who presented with SVR versus those who did not (0.97 vs 2.58; p = 0.1).	Phorbol Esters	42-55	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	67-71
15677375-3	2005	Previously, we reported that PKC-delta, specifically compared with PKC-alpha, mediated phorbol ester- and ATP-dependent activation of ERK1/2 in VSM cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	29-38
15878157-8	2005	Phorbol ester 12-O-teradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activated AP-1 in B82L and B82M721 cells, but not B82 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	67-71
15677375-3	2005	Previously, we reported that PKC-delta, specifically compared with PKC-alpha, mediated phorbol ester- and ATP-dependent activation of ERK1/2 in VSM cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	67-76
15677375-3	2005	Previously, we reported that PKC-delta, specifically compared with PKC-alpha, mediated phorbol ester- and ATP-dependent activation of ERK1/2 in VSM cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	134-140
15986138-1	2005	Protein kinase C (PKC) is activated by diacylglycerol generated by receptor-mediated hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to mediate signals for cell growth and plays as a target of tumor-promoting phorbol esters in malignant transformation.	Phorbol Esters	198-212	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
15930268-4	2005	We report here that the PKCalpha-D294G mutant is unable to bind to cellular membranes tightly despite the fact that it translocates to the membrane as efficiently as the wild-type PKCalpha upon treatment of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	24-32
15930268-4	2005	We report here that the PKCalpha-D294G mutant is unable to bind to cellular membranes tightly despite the fact that it translocates to the membrane as efficiently as the wild-type PKCalpha upon treatment of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	180-188
15930268-5	2005	The impaired membrane binding is associated with this mutant"s inability to transduce several antitumorigenic signals as it fails to mediate phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS), to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase and to augment melatonin-stimulated neurite outgrowth.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	183-236
15930268-5	2005	The impaired membrane binding is associated with this mutant"s inability to transduce several antitumorigenic signals as it fails to mediate phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS), to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase and to augment melatonin-stimulated neurite outgrowth.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	238-244
15920195-2	2005	Using patch-clamp techniques, we found that exposure of isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes to 1 mM of isoflurane after phorbol ester stimulation of PKC facilitates the induction of larger (P < or = 0.05) sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel currents (IKATP) during cell dialysis with 0.5, compared to 1.0, mM of ATP in the pipette (10 +/- 5 versus 2 +/- 1 pA/pF in five and six cells, respectively).	Phorbol Esters	119-132	Prkca	Cavia porcellus	148-151
15962939-11	2005	Using phorbol ester stimulated human neutrophils, the formation of N-NO-MeIQx and its modification by test agents was consistent with MPO and not peroxynitrite.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	134-137
15986138-1	2005	Protein kinase C (PKC) is activated by diacylglycerol generated by receptor-mediated hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to mediate signals for cell growth and plays as a target of tumor-promoting phorbol esters in malignant transformation.	Phorbol Esters	198-212	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
15893538-4	2005	Indeed, F-Me-AEA at low micromolar concentrations exhibited a marked inhibition of phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io)-induced IL-2 protein secretion and steady state mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	137-141
16117322-7	2005	Short time action of TNF-alpha was ameliorated by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	21-30
15943604-0	2005	Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein inhibits phorbol ester-induced but not Fc-receptor-induced generation of reactive oxygen species in bovine peripheral blood neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein	Bos taurus	0-25
15774771-5	2005	Whereas inhibition of SERT activity was detected from 1 to 45 min after phorbol ester addition, the decrease in surface SERT required at least 30 min of phorbol ester incubation.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	120-124
16026544-5	2005	Ectopic expression of murine CBP in v-Myb-transformed chicken monoblasts reduced transcriptional activation abilities of the v-Myb protein and increased sensitivity to differentiation inducers such as phorbol ester or trichostatin A.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	CREB binding protein	Mus musculus	29-32
15774549-0	2005	2-Arachidonoyl-glycerol suppresses interferon-gamma production in phorbol ester/ionomycin-activated mouse splenocytes independent of CB1 or CB2.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	35-51
15917809-2	2005	We investigated whether the potentiation of neurotransmitter release by phorbol esters, which target presynaptic protein kinase C (PKC)/munc-13 signalling cascades, exerts a direct effect on the Ca2+-sensitivity of vesicle fusion.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	unc-13 homolog B	Homo sapiens	136-143
15743767-5	2005	By anti-GHR cytoplasmic domain immunoblotting, we observed that the remnant induced in response to phorbol ester or platelet-derived growth factor has a reliable pattern of appearance and disappearance in both mouse preadipocytes endogenously expressing GHR and transfected fibroblasts expressing rabbit GHR.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	growth hormone receptor	Mus musculus	8-11
15823586-0	2005	PKCalpha is involved in phorbol ester TPA-mediated stabilization of p14ARF.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-8
15823586-0	2005	PKCalpha is involved in phorbol ester TPA-mediated stabilization of p14ARF.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	68-74
15823586-4	2005	We found that phorbol ester TPA (12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate) stabilized p14(ARF) protein and that p53 status had no effect on TPA-mediated stabilization.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	83-86
15769752-3	2005	The regulatory domains of novel PKC contain a C2 domain and a tandem repeat of C1 domains (C1A and C1B), which have been identified as the interaction site for DAG and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	32-35
15769752-3	2005	The regulatory domains of novel PKC contain a C2 domain and a tandem repeat of C1 domains (C1A and C1B), which have been identified as the interaction site for DAG and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	91-102
15769752-4	2005	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCepsilon have comparably high affinities for DAG and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
15769752-4	2005	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCepsilon have comparably high affinities for DAG and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	120-130
15743767-5	2005	By anti-GHR cytoplasmic domain immunoblotting, we observed that the remnant induced in response to phorbol ester or platelet-derived growth factor has a reliable pattern of appearance and disappearance in both mouse preadipocytes endogenously expressing GHR and transfected fibroblasts expressing rabbit GHR.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	growth hormone receptor	Mus musculus	254-257
15743767-5	2005	By anti-GHR cytoplasmic domain immunoblotting, we observed that the remnant induced in response to phorbol ester or platelet-derived growth factor has a reliable pattern of appearance and disappearance in both mouse preadipocytes endogenously expressing GHR and transfected fibroblasts expressing rabbit GHR.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	growth hormone receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	254-257
15683736-4	2005	We show that (1) drug-mediated reversible G1 arrest triggered apoptosis despite the presence of IL-6; (2) a short IL-6 pulse to G1-arrested cells was sufficient to induce S phase entry and prevent apoptosis; and (3) phorbol ester and related derivatives promoted S phase entry and survival of IL-6-starved cells without up-regulating bcl-XL expression.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	114-118
15683736-4	2005	We show that (1) drug-mediated reversible G1 arrest triggered apoptosis despite the presence of IL-6; (2) a short IL-6 pulse to G1-arrested cells was sufficient to induce S phase entry and prevent apoptosis; and (3) phorbol ester and related derivatives promoted S phase entry and survival of IL-6-starved cells without up-regulating bcl-XL expression.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	114-118
15928807-0	2005	Phorbol ester up-regulates aldose reductase expression in A549 cells: a potential role for aldose reductase in cell cycle modulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	27-43
15928807-0	2005	Phorbol ester up-regulates aldose reductase expression in A549 cells: a potential role for aldose reductase in cell cycle modulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	91-107
15851572-8	2005	The PGF(2alpha)- and latanoprost-acid-induced ERK1/2 activation was blocked by the presence of PKC inhibitors and downregulation of PKC by prolonged incubation with a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	46-52
15737652-0	2005	RasGRP3 mediates phorbol ester-induced, protein kinase C-independent exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-7
15843515-8	2005	Phorbol ester, which did not stimulate degranulation by itself, restored degranulation when used in combination with thapsigargin whether PLD function was disrupted with 1-butanol or the small inhibitory RNAs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	138-141
15843541-6	2005	Interestingly, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, another phorbol ester, and IL-8 up-regulated CD32A-dependent ligand-binding function.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	86-91
15737652-0	2005	RasGRP3 mediates phorbol ester-induced, protein kinase C-independent exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-56
15737652-1	2005	Phorbol esters are involved in neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion via activation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	96-112
15737652-1	2005	Phorbol esters are involved in neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion via activation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	114-117
15804434-0	2005	Role of protein kinase C beta in phorbol ester-induced c-fos gene expression in neurons of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rat brains.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	55-60
15737652-5	2005	In the present study, we demonstrated that RasGRP3 is expressed in endocrine tissues and mediates phorbol ester-induced exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	43-50
15737652-6	2005	Furthermore, the effects were partially blocked by PKC inhibitor but not mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor, although both significantly suppressed the phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	51-54
15737652-6	2005	Furthermore, the effects were partially blocked by PKC inhibitor but not mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor, although both significantly suppressed the phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	208-249
15737652-7	2005	These results indicate that RasGRP3 is implicated in phorbol ester-induced, PKC-independent exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	28-35
15737652-7	2005	These results indicate that RasGRP3 is implicated in phorbol ester-induced, PKC-independent exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	76-79
15721302-0	2005	Phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate promotes anchorage-independent growth and survival of melanomas through MEK-independent activation of ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	118-121
15735738-0	2005	[6]-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-kappaB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	22-27
15735738-0	2005	[6]-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-kappaB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	69-72
15735738-0	2005	[6]-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-kappaB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	88-97
15721302-0	2005	Phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate promotes anchorage-independent growth and survival of melanomas through MEK-independent activation of ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	148-154
15758177-4	2005	Pharmacological profiles showed that a PKC inhibitor, but not other kinase inhibitors, specifically suppressed the synaptic translocation of IRSp53 in response to NMDA, and the selective activation of PKC with phorbol ester markedly induced the synaptic translocation.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	BAR/IMD domain containing adaptor protein 2	Homo sapiens	141-147
15777540-6	2005	The phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox from the cytosol to the membrane was not changed by CS treatment but the translocation of p67phox was reduced.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	63-70
15777540-6	2005	The phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation and translocation of p47phox from the cytosol to the membrane was not changed by CS treatment but the translocation of p67phox was reduced.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	161-168
15794745-0	2005	Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is downregulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2	Mus musculus	46-49
15557014-3	2005	The model-fitted phorbol ester induced slow contractions at constant myosin phosphorylation and predicted steeper dependence of force on myosin phosphorylation in phorbol ester-stimulated smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	69-75
15557014-3	2005	The model-fitted phorbol ester induced slow contractions at constant myosin phosphorylation and predicted steeper dependence of force on myosin phosphorylation in phorbol ester-stimulated smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	137-143
15557014-3	2005	The model-fitted phorbol ester induced slow contractions at constant myosin phosphorylation and predicted steeper dependence of force on myosin phosphorylation in phorbol ester-stimulated smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	137-143
15819885-0	2005	Differential effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on phorbol ester- and TGF-beta1 induced murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	102-142
15668237-8	2005	Additionally, overexpression of HDAC1 suppressed KLF5-dependent activation of its endogenous downstream gene, platelet-derived growth factor-A chain gene, when activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	histone deacetylase 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
15668237-8	2005	Additionally, overexpression of HDAC1 suppressed KLF5-dependent activation of its endogenous downstream gene, platelet-derived growth factor-A chain gene, when activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	Kruppel like factor 5	Homo sapiens	49-53
15668237-8	2005	Additionally, overexpression of HDAC1 suppressed KLF5-dependent activation of its endogenous downstream gene, platelet-derived growth factor-A chain gene, when activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	110-148
15777180-0	2005	Metalloproteinase inhibitors for the disintegrin-like metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17 that differentially block constitutive and phorbol ester-inducible shedding of cell surface molecules.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10	Homo sapiens	73-79
15611119-7	2005	Treatment with phorbol ester of cells expressing CY-PKCdelta resulted in a dose-dependent increase in FRET that could be visualized in situ by confocal microscopy or measured fluorometrically.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	52-60
15743396-10	2005	The properties of SPHK activity in immune cells are linked to the functions of triggered growth and survival factors, phorbol esters, hormones, cytokines and chemokines, as well as antigen receptors, such as FcgammaRI and FcepsilonRI.	Phorbol Esters	118-132	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
15706082-6	2005	Cytochalasin D or a phorbol ester also induced nuclear accumulation of Hic-5, which was inhibited by scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting that besides oxidants, endogenously produced ROS induced the nuclear accumulation of Hic-5.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	transforming growth factor beta 1 induced transcript 1	Homo sapiens	71-76
15706082-6	2005	Cytochalasin D or a phorbol ester also induced nuclear accumulation of Hic-5, which was inhibited by scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting that besides oxidants, endogenously produced ROS induced the nuclear accumulation of Hic-5.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	transforming growth factor beta 1 induced transcript 1	Homo sapiens	242-247
15710363-5	2005	We show here that protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) and phorbol ester-dependent PKC signaling dramatically repressed PXR activity in both, cell-based reporter gene assays and in hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	118-121
15777180-0	2005	Metalloproteinase inhibitors for the disintegrin-like metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17 that differentially block constitutive and phorbol ester-inducible shedding of cell surface molecules.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	84-90
15703835-1	2005	The ability of peptide hormones, as well as the protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester (PMA), to protect cells from apoptosis has been demonstrated to occur through activation of cellular signaling pathways such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) families.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	48-64
15514968-13	2005	LMP-1 could be induced by the histone deacetylase inhibitors TSA and n-butyrate, by 5-AzaC, a demethylating agent, and by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	PDZ and LIM domain 7	Homo sapiens	0-5
15500705-5	2005	In a separate experiment, the degree of phosphorylation of the endogenous substrate cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was estimated in samples from melancholic and non-melancholic patients and normal controls (n = 8 each) after incubation with isoproterenol or phorbol ester, which activate PKA and PKC respectively.	Phorbol Esters	272-285	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	84-121
15500705-5	2005	In a separate experiment, the degree of phosphorylation of the endogenous substrate cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was estimated in samples from melancholic and non-melancholic patients and normal controls (n = 8 each) after incubation with isoproterenol or phorbol ester, which activate PKA and PKC respectively.	Phorbol Esters	272-285	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
15703835-1	2005	The ability of peptide hormones, as well as the protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester (PMA), to protect cells from apoptosis has been demonstrated to occur through activation of cellular signaling pathways such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) families.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	66-69
15703835-1	2005	The ability of peptide hormones, as well as the protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester (PMA), to protect cells from apoptosis has been demonstrated to occur through activation of cellular signaling pathways such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) families.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	262-266
15715670-8	2005	Phorbol ester treatment resulted in an increase in sphingosine kinase 1 activity in the membranes, accompanied by a significant increase in extracellular S1P.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	51-71
15652511-3	2005	Here, we demonstrate stimulations with GPCR agonists (norepinephrine, angiotensin II, and endothelin 1) and phorbol ester activated and translocated protein kinase D1 (PKD1) to the Z-discs in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner, whereas gp130 agonist did not.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	protein kinase D1	Rattus norvegicus	149-166
15537826-0	2005	Phospholipase d signaling and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1 and -2 phosphorylation (activation) are required for maximal phorbol ester-induced transglutaminase activity, a marker of keratinocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	30-76
15881652-2	2005	tsc-22 mRNA is expressed in almost all organs of mice and humans and its expression is induced in a variety of cell lines by many different factors including TGF-beta, phorbol ester, serum, and progestin.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	TSC22 domain family, member 1	Mus musculus	0-6
15590641-4	2005	Phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC) increased the Ca(2+) sensitivity of wild-type TRPM4 but not of two mutants mutated at putative PKC phosphorylation sites.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4	Homo sapiens	105-110
15652511-3	2005	Here, we demonstrate stimulations with GPCR agonists (norepinephrine, angiotensin II, and endothelin 1) and phorbol ester activated and translocated protein kinase D1 (PKD1) to the Z-discs in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner, whereas gp130 agonist did not.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	protein kinase D1	Rattus norvegicus	168-172
15652511-3	2005	Here, we demonstrate stimulations with GPCR agonists (norepinephrine, angiotensin II, and endothelin 1) and phorbol ester activated and translocated protein kinase D1 (PKD1) to the Z-discs in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner, whereas gp130 agonist did not.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	interleukin 6 cytokine family signal transducer	Rattus norvegicus	274-279
15668705-9	2005	Also, the phorbol ester PMA could no longer induce PKCalpha translocation in irradiated cells.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	51-59
15590638-6	2005	However, PKD-S744E/S748E is not constitutively active but, like the wild type enzyme, requires antigen receptor triggering or phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	9-12
15664395-0	2005	Diversity and similarity in signaling events leading to rapid Cox-2 induction by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and phorbol ester in human endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	62-67
15543559-7	2005	Moreover, forskolin reduced the p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation induced by the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a PKC-activating phorbol ester, and significantly suppressed the TPA-stimulated accumulation of HSP27.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	32-35
15615861-4	2005	Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantify mRNA expression levels of the NGFI-B family members in human ovarian follicles, corpora lutea and in human granulosa cells after FSH, phorbol ester (TPA) and forskolin treatment.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	68-74
15369458-4	2005	LPA1 receptor phosphorylation was observed in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15369458-6	2005	PKC inhibitors markedly decreased the LPA1 receptor phosphorylation induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-42
15691336-10	2005	Moreover, herein it was established that the core AP-1 element mediates phorbol myristic acid-induction of Prm3 activity hence providing a mechanistic explanation of phorbol ester up-regulation of TPbeta mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	FosB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	50-54
15691336-10	2005	Moreover, herein it was established that the core AP-1 element mediates phorbol myristic acid-induction of Prm3 activity hence providing a mechanistic explanation of phorbol ester up-regulation of TPbeta mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	protamine 3	Homo sapiens	107-111
15389577-0	2005	Studies of the roles of ADP-ribosylation factors and phospholipase D in phorbol ester-induced membrane ruffling.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	53-68
15703394-1	2005	The intracellular domain of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75ICD) can be released by gamma-secretase in response to the previous activation of alpha-secretase by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	163-177	nerve growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	59-65
15531633-7	2005	This is confirmed by experimental evidence suggesting that the recycling of the CXCR4 receptor is increased on stimulation with phorbol ester and blocked on inhibition of PKC by bisindolylmaleimide.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	80-85
15685554-6	2005	Phorbol ester induces a protein kinase C-dependent hyperphosphorylation and degradation of connexin 43 and inhibits intercellular communication on a short-term time scale.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-102
15639337-2	2005	on phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin: AP-1 and CREB as potential upstream targets.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	25-30
15626591-3	2005	The mechanism by which phorbol esters and cytokines activate COX-2 gene expression has been extensively characterized.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
15634215-2	2005	The re-distribution of the transporter from the cell surface to endosomes was induced by phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C in porcine aortic endothelial cells stably expressing the human DAT.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	198-201
15639337-2	2005	on phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin: AP-1 and CREB as potential upstream targets.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	57-61
15639337-2	2005	on phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression in mouse skin: AP-1 and CREB as potential upstream targets.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Mus musculus	66-70
15592528-6	2005	Treatment with the phorbol ester (PMA), known to stimulate the TFPI-2 promoter activity, augmented the TFPI-2 expression in cell lines with unmethylated or partially methylated TFPI-2, but failed to induce the expression in cell lines that harbored fully methylated TFPI-2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	63-69
15592528-6	2005	Treatment with the phorbol ester (PMA), known to stimulate the TFPI-2 promoter activity, augmented the TFPI-2 expression in cell lines with unmethylated or partially methylated TFPI-2, but failed to induce the expression in cell lines that harbored fully methylated TFPI-2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	103-109
15592528-6	2005	Treatment with the phorbol ester (PMA), known to stimulate the TFPI-2 promoter activity, augmented the TFPI-2 expression in cell lines with unmethylated or partially methylated TFPI-2, but failed to induce the expression in cell lines that harbored fully methylated TFPI-2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	103-109
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	39-75
15592528-6	2005	Treatment with the phorbol ester (PMA), known to stimulate the TFPI-2 promoter activity, augmented the TFPI-2 expression in cell lines with unmethylated or partially methylated TFPI-2, but failed to induce the expression in cell lines that harbored fully methylated TFPI-2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	103-109
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	77-80
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	102-106
15647351-6	2005	Additionally, we monitored 14 previously uncharacterized and six known phosphorylation events after phorbol ester stimulation in the ERK/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-signaling targets, the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) tumor suppressors TSC1 and TSC2.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	145-148
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	193-198
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	145-148
15558021-4	2005	Both FGF-2 and phorbol ester-inducible urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression requires AP-1 binding to an enhancer element in the uPA promoter, and we have previously shown that FGF-2 or PMA induction of uPA expression is strongly dependent on MEKK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	259-264
15695610-5	2005	We identified an interaction between actin and the PKC alpha isoenzyme in non-activated metaphase II (MII) eggs and in eggs activated by phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	137-150	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	51-60
15561096-0	2005	Connexin43 synthesis, phosphorylation, and degradation in regulation of transient inhibition of gap junction intercellular communication by the phorbol ester TPA in rat liver epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
15647351-6	2005	Additionally, we monitored 14 previously uncharacterized and six known phosphorylation events after phorbol ester stimulation in the ERK/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-signaling targets, the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) tumor suppressors TSC1 and TSC2.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	cellular inhibitor of PP2A	Homo sapiens	137-140
15647351-6	2005	Additionally, we monitored 14 previously uncharacterized and six known phosphorylation events after phorbol ester stimulation in the ERK/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-signaling targets, the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) tumor suppressors TSC1 and TSC2.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	TSC complex subunit 1	Homo sapiens	235-239
15647351-6	2005	Additionally, we monitored 14 previously uncharacterized and six known phosphorylation events after phorbol ester stimulation in the ERK/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-signaling targets, the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) tumor suppressors TSC1 and TSC2.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	TSC complex subunit 2	Homo sapiens	244-248
15504745-5	2005	In rac2(-/-) neutrophils differentiated from transduced myeloid progenitors in vitro, increasing cellular Rac levels by expression of either exogenous Rac1 or Rac2 increased formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine- or phorbol ester-stimulated NADPH oxidase activity.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	106-109
15504745-5	2005	In rac2(-/-) neutrophils differentiated from transduced myeloid progenitors in vitro, increasing cellular Rac levels by expression of either exogenous Rac1 or Rac2 increased formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine- or phorbol ester-stimulated NADPH oxidase activity.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	151-155
15504745-5	2005	In rac2(-/-) neutrophils differentiated from transduced myeloid progenitors in vitro, increasing cellular Rac levels by expression of either exogenous Rac1 or Rac2 increased formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine- or phorbol ester-stimulated NADPH oxidase activity.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	159-163
15816524-7	2005	Phorbol ester-induced activation of p70S6K which was sensitive to the m-Tor inhibitor but not the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, was also inhibited by ET-18-OCH3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	36-42
15567155-4	2005	Despite the presence of 5 sites that bind YY1, only one site, located at -94bp of the rat alpha-MyHC promoter, is both necessary and sufficient for pathological repression of the promoter by phorbol esters, revealing a unique mechanism for the repression of alpha-MyHC expression during cardiac hypertrophy.	Phorbol Esters	191-205	myosin heavy chain 13	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
16196193-0	2005	L-glutamate and phorbol ester stimulate the release of secretory amyloid precursor protein from rat cortical synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	65-90
15816524-7	2005	Phorbol ester-induced activation of p70S6K which was sensitive to the m-Tor inhibitor but not the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, was also inhibited by ET-18-OCH3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	72-75
16041745-1	2005	Tumor promoters such as phorbol esters bind strongly to protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes to induce their activation.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	74-77
15664007-12	2005	Finally, the effect of PGE2 on activation of ERK was mimicked by phorbol esters and not by forskolin, and was associated with activation of protein kinase C. This latter effect and the stimulation of ERK induced by PGE2 were completely blocked by a specific inhibitor of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	45-48
15664007-12	2005	Finally, the effect of PGE2 on activation of ERK was mimicked by phorbol esters and not by forskolin, and was associated with activation of protein kinase C. This latter effect and the stimulation of ERK induced by PGE2 were completely blocked by a specific inhibitor of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	200-203
15496418-0	2004	IRF-2 is involved in up-regulation of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A gene expression during phorbol ester-induced promyelocytic HL-60 differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	interferon regulatory factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
15657361-0	2005	Role of phorbol ester localization in determining protein kinase C or RasGRP3 translocation: real-time analysis using fluorescent ligands and proteins.	Phorbol Esters	8-21	ras guanyl-releasing protein 3	Cricetulus griseus	70-77
15657361-7	2005	The fluorescent phorbol esters induced translocation of and generally colocalized with PKCdelta or RasGRP3.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	ras guanyl-releasing protein 3	Cricetulus griseus	99-106
16026936-7	2005	Moreover, NPY-mediated inhibition of 4-aminopyridine-evoked glutamate release was insensitive to KT 5720 and Ro32-0432 but was suppressed when protein kinase C was stimulated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	10-13
15504744-1	2004	Protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha phosphorylation of recombinant NG2 cytoplasmic domain and phorbol ester-induced PKC-dependent phosphorylation of full-length NG2 expressed in U251 cells are both blocked by mutation of Thr(2256), identifying this residue as a primary phosphorylation site.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-28
15504744-1	2004	Protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha phosphorylation of recombinant NG2 cytoplasmic domain and phorbol ester-induced PKC-dependent phosphorylation of full-length NG2 expressed in U251 cells are both blocked by mutation of Thr(2256), identifying this residue as a primary phosphorylation site.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
16642400-7	2005	MCF7 required stimulation by phorbol ester for NK-1 induction.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	47-51
16473595-6	2005	This association is increased by cytochalasin D and phorbol esters that also induced the translocation of both Rabin8 and Rab8 to lamellipodia-like structures.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	111-117
16473595-6	2005	This association is increased by cytochalasin D and phorbol esters that also induced the translocation of both Rabin8 and Rab8 to lamellipodia-like structures.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	122-126
15837122-5	2005	We recently reported that depolarization and phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C act synergistically with neurturin to up-regulate ret protein and mRNA expression in adult rat chromaffin cell cultures.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	ret proto-oncogene	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
15504744-1	2004	Protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha phosphorylation of recombinant NG2 cytoplasmic domain and phorbol ester-induced PKC-dependent phosphorylation of full-length NG2 expressed in U251 cells are both blocked by mutation of Thr(2256), identifying this residue as a primary phosphorylation site.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4	Homo sapiens	154-157
15496418-0	2004	IRF-2 is involved in up-regulation of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A gene expression during phorbol ester-induced promyelocytic HL-60 differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	myosin heavy chain 9	Homo sapiens	38-71
15504744-4	2004	U251 cells expressing NG2 with a valine substitution at position 2256 are resistant to phorbol ester treatment: NG2 remains in membrane protrusions and cell motility is unchanged.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4	Homo sapiens	22-25
15504744-4	2004	U251 cells expressing NG2 with a valine substitution at position 2256 are resistant to phorbol ester treatment: NG2 remains in membrane protrusions and cell motility is unchanged.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4	Homo sapiens	112-115
15504744-5	2004	In contrast, NG2 with a glutamic acid substitution at position 2256 redistributes to lamellipodia even without phorbol ester treatment, rendering transfected U251 cells spontaneously motile.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4	Homo sapiens	13-16
15543236-5	2004	We here found that the Ras oncogene regulates HIF-1alpha(785) expression via the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and that both phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor also induced HIF-1alpha(785) via the same pathway.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	89-92
15475366-0	2004	Phorbol ester treatment of K562 cells regulates the transcriptional activity of AML1c through phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
15475366-1	2004	We find that phorbol ester (PE) treatment of K562 cells greatly stimulates promoters (T cell receptor beta, myeloperoxidase, macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor) containing AML1 transcription factor binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	246-250
15475366-1	2004	We find that phorbol ester (PE) treatment of K562 cells greatly stimulates promoters (T cell receptor beta, myeloperoxidase, macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor) containing AML1 transcription factor binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	28-30	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	246-250
15543236-2	2004	Recently, we reported a novel splice variant HIF-1alpha(785), which is regulated primarily by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	45-55
15543236-5	2004	We here found that the Ras oncogene regulates HIF-1alpha(785) expression via the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and that both phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor also induced HIF-1alpha(785) via the same pathway.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	171-181
15543236-5	2004	We here found that the Ras oncogene regulates HIF-1alpha(785) expression via the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and that both phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor also induced HIF-1alpha(785) via the same pathway.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	46-56
15543236-6	2004	We also identified the nonhypoxic regulatory domain responsible for phorbol ester-induced HIF-1alpha(785) expression.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	90-100
15543236-5	2004	We here found that the Ras oncogene regulates HIF-1alpha(785) expression via the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and that both phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor also induced HIF-1alpha(785) via the same pathway.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	81-84
15543236-5	2004	We here found that the Ras oncogene regulates HIF-1alpha(785) expression via the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, and that both phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor also induced HIF-1alpha(785) via the same pathway.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	midkine	Mus musculus	85-88
15543236-7	2004	These results imply that HIF-1alpha(785) may play an important role in tumor promotion mediated by the Ras oncogene, phorbol ester or tumor growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit	Mus musculus	25-35
15330761-1	2004	Cytokines, phorbol esters, radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs up-regulate the expression of MnSOD (manganese superoxide dismutase).	Phorbol Esters	11-25	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	94-99
15330761-1	2004	Cytokines, phorbol esters, radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs up-regulate the expression of MnSOD (manganese superoxide dismutase).	Phorbol Esters	11-25	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	101-131
15454113-7	2004	Moreover, the incubation of KG1 cells with phorbol ester and TNF-alpha for 5 days increased the protein level of phospholipase D. These results suggest that PA and TNF-alpha induce the up-regulation of CD83 and that their action is regulated by ERK and JNK.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	164-173
15284022-5	2004	RIE-1 cells express TACE, and treatment with phorbol ester, an established TACE stimulus, triggered the extracellular release of an EGFR ligand, transforming growth factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Rattus norvegicus	20-24
15454113-7	2004	Moreover, the incubation of KG1 cells with phorbol ester and TNF-alpha for 5 days increased the protein level of phospholipase D. These results suggest that PA and TNF-alpha induce the up-regulation of CD83 and that their action is regulated by ERK and JNK.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	CD83 molecule	Homo sapiens	202-206
15454113-7	2004	Moreover, the incubation of KG1 cells with phorbol ester and TNF-alpha for 5 days increased the protein level of phospholipase D. These results suggest that PA and TNF-alpha induce the up-regulation of CD83 and that their action is regulated by ERK and JNK.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	245-248
15454113-7	2004	Moreover, the incubation of KG1 cells with phorbol ester and TNF-alpha for 5 days increased the protein level of phospholipase D. These results suggest that PA and TNF-alpha induce the up-regulation of CD83 and that their action is regulated by ERK and JNK.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	253-256
15271671-2	2004	At least three different phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoenzymes are expressed in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs): PKC-alpha, -delta, and -epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
15271671-2	2004	At least three different phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoenzymes are expressed in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs): PKC-alpha, -delta, and -epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	124-155
15284022-5	2004	RIE-1 cells express TACE, and treatment with phorbol ester, an established TACE stimulus, triggered the extracellular release of an EGFR ligand, transforming growth factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
15284022-5	2004	RIE-1 cells express TACE, and treatment with phorbol ester, an established TACE stimulus, triggered the extracellular release of an EGFR ligand, transforming growth factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
15284022-5	2004	RIE-1 cells express TACE, and treatment with phorbol ester, an established TACE stimulus, triggered the extracellular release of an EGFR ligand, transforming growth factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	transforming growth factor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	145-177
15558188-6	2004	Desmin is up-regulated in muscle-derived cellular adaptations, including conductive fibers in the heart, electric organs, some myopathies, and experimental treatments with drugs that induce muscle degeneration, like phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	216-230	desmin	Homo sapiens	0-6
15572345-6	2004	The augmenting effect of phorbol esters or forskolin is blocked by various PKC or PKA inhibitors, indicating the involvement of these kinases.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
15572345-6	2004	The augmenting effect of phorbol esters or forskolin is blocked by various PKC or PKA inhibitors, indicating the involvement of these kinases.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
15345746-10	2004	Furthermore, anti-GHR(ext-mAb) prevented phorbol ester-stimulated GHR proteolysis, but GHR cleavage site mutants were normally recognized by the antibody, indicating that the stem region cleavage site is not a direct epitope.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	18-21
15381733-12	2004	Activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters promoted cisplatin-induced loss of cell-cell adhesions as well as apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-30
15345746-10	2004	Furthermore, anti-GHR(ext-mAb) prevented phorbol ester-stimulated GHR proteolysis, but GHR cleavage site mutants were normally recognized by the antibody, indicating that the stem region cleavage site is not a direct epitope.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	66-69
15345746-10	2004	Furthermore, anti-GHR(ext-mAb) prevented phorbol ester-stimulated GHR proteolysis, but GHR cleavage site mutants were normally recognized by the antibody, indicating that the stem region cleavage site is not a direct epitope.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	66-69
15572660-0	2004	A vascular gene trap screen defines RasGRP3 as an angiogenesis-regulated gene required for the endothelial response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	36-43
15345746-11	2004	A Fab fragment of anti-GHR(ext-mAb) inhibited GH-induced GHR disulfide linkage and signaling, as well as phorbol ester-induced GHR proteolysis, in a fashion similar to the intact antibody.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	2-5
15572660-5	2004	Phorbol esters mimic the second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) in activating both protein kinase C (PKC) and non-PKC phorbol ester receptors such as RasGRP3.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	149-156
15345746-11	2004	A Fab fragment of anti-GHR(ext-mAb) inhibited GH-induced GHR disulfide linkage and signaling, as well as phorbol ester-induced GHR proteolysis, in a fashion similar to the intact antibody.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	23-26
15475174-6	2004	However, pre-incubation with the PKC inhibitor GF109203X or PKC down-regulation by the phorbol ester PMA, had minimal or no effect on PBDE-99 or Aroclor 1254-induced cytotoxicity.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	60-63
15371442-3	2004	In the present study, we show that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induces ubiquitination of connexin-43 (Cx43) in IAR20 rat liver epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-149
15371442-3	2004	In the present study, we show that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induces ubiquitination of connexin-43 (Cx43) in IAR20 rat liver epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
15522123-7	2004	HDAC2 bound to IRS-1 in mammalian cells treated with phorbol ester or after prolonged treatment with insulin/IGF-1 and also in the livers of ob/ob mice but not PTP1B knockout mice.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	histone deacetylase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
15528331-2	2004	Mice deficient in hemopoietic-specific Rac2 exhibited agonist-specific defects in neutrophil functions including chemoattractant-stimulated filamentous actin polymerization and chemotaxis, and superoxide production elicited by phorbol ester, fMLP, or IgG-coated particles, despite expression of the highly homologous Rac1 isoform.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	Rac family small GTPase 2	Mus musculus	39-43
15556619-0	2004	Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of L6 myogenic cells involves phospholipase D activation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	68-83
15522123-7	2004	HDAC2 bound to IRS-1 in mammalian cells treated with phorbol ester or after prolonged treatment with insulin/IGF-1 and also in the livers of ob/ob mice but not PTP1B knockout mice.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	insulin receptor substrate 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
15500620-6	2004	In phorbol-ester-differentiated THP-1 macrophages, 5% of the cells over-expressed apoE at levels more than 50-fold higher than the rest of the population.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	32-37
15384044-8	2004	Notably, addition of phorbol ester restores BCR-mediated proliferation in p85alpha-deficient cells but not wild-type cells treated with PI3K inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	74-82
15500620-6	2004	In phorbol-ester-differentiated THP-1 macrophages, 5% of the cells over-expressed apoE at levels more than 50-fold higher than the rest of the population.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	82-86
15239668-8	2004	Bone morphogenetic proteins also induce expression of RLP, whereas epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester PMA suppress TGF-beta-induced expression of RLP.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	122-130
15542774-6	2004	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) enhanced EGF action on ERK1/2 phosphorylation without significantly altering p53 phosphorylation by resveratrol.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	14-17
15542774-6	2004	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) enhanced EGF action on ERK1/2 phosphorylation without significantly altering p53 phosphorylation by resveratrol.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	78-81
15542774-6	2004	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) enhanced EGF action on ERK1/2 phosphorylation without significantly altering p53 phosphorylation by resveratrol.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	92-98
15378003-7	2004	We also show that all KLF6 effects on c-Jun were largely dependent on phorbol ester (TPA/ionomycin) extracellular stimulation, which enhanced KLF6 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity and modified its phosphorylation status.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Kruppel like factor 6	Homo sapiens	22-26
15378003-7	2004	We also show that all KLF6 effects on c-Jun were largely dependent on phorbol ester (TPA/ionomycin) extracellular stimulation, which enhanced KLF6 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity and modified its phosphorylation status.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	38-43
15378003-7	2004	We also show that all KLF6 effects on c-Jun were largely dependent on phorbol ester (TPA/ionomycin) extracellular stimulation, which enhanced KLF6 nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity and modified its phosphorylation status.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Kruppel like factor 6	Homo sapiens	142-146
15447679-3	2004	We found that treatment of mouse hippocampal slices with either phorbol ester, to activate PKC, or forskolin, to activate PKA, resulted in activation of Mnk1 and increased eIF4E phosphorylation that was dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Phorbol Esters	64-77	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	153-157
15292243-5	2004	Our results corroborate that ADAM17, but not ADAM9, -10, or -19, is critical for phorbol ester- and pervanadate-stimulated release of TNFalpha in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	29-35
15292243-5	2004	Our results corroborate that ADAM17, but not ADAM9, -10, or -19, is critical for phorbol ester- and pervanadate-stimulated release of TNFalpha in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	134-142
15383618-8	2004	In A7r5 smooth-muscle cells, PKC activation by phorbol esters induces the reorganization of endogenous, membrane-localized SmAV and microfilament-associated CaP into podosome-like structures that also contain F-actin, nonmuscle myosin IIB and ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	243-249
15187025-5	2004	When these cells undergo differentiation under phorbol ester exposure, c-IAP1 translocates to the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi apparatus.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2	Homo sapiens	71-77
15240013-0	2004	Synergistic activation of CREB-mediated transcription by forskolin and phorbol ester requires PKC and depends on the glutamine-rich Q2 transactivation domain.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Mus musculus	26-30
15447679-3	2004	We found that treatment of mouse hippocampal slices with either phorbol ester, to activate PKC, or forskolin, to activate PKA, resulted in activation of Mnk1 and increased eIF4E phosphorylation that was dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Phorbol Esters	64-77	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Mus musculus	172-177
15447679-3	2004	We found that treatment of mouse hippocampal slices with either phorbol ester, to activate PKC, or forskolin, to activate PKA, resulted in activation of Mnk1 and increased eIF4E phosphorylation that was dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Phorbol Esters	64-77	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	216-253
15447679-3	2004	We found that treatment of mouse hippocampal slices with either phorbol ester, to activate PKC, or forskolin, to activate PKA, resulted in activation of Mnk1 and increased eIF4E phosphorylation that was dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).	Phorbol Esters	64-77	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	255-258
15369389-3	2004	The constrained glycerol backbone of DAG-lactones, when combined with highly branched alkyl chains, has engendered a series of DAG-lactone ligands capable of binding protein kinase C (PK-C) with affinities that approximate those of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	232-246	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	166-182
15252021-6	2004	The observed enhancement of cleavage secretion of ACE in pervanadate-treated cells was specifically blocked by an inhibitor of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase but not by inhibitors of many other Ser/Thr and Tyr protein kinases, including a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C that, however, could block the enhancement of cleavage secretion elicited by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	371-384	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	50-53
15252021-6	2004	The observed enhancement of cleavage secretion of ACE in pervanadate-treated cells was specifically blocked by an inhibitor of the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase but not by inhibitors of many other Ser/Thr and Tyr protein kinases, including a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C that, however, could block the enhancement of cleavage secretion elicited by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	371-384	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	131-134
15172971-4	2004	Phorbol ester-stimulated neutrophils adhered to recombinant human (rh) LN-8, rhLN-10, and mouse LN-1 (mLN-1) (alpha1beta1gamma1) via alphaMbeta2-integrin, and these laminin isoforms strongly promoted chemoattractant-induced neutrophil migration via the same integrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	NZ lupus nephritis 1	Mus musculus	79-83
15172971-4	2004	Phorbol ester-stimulated neutrophils adhered to recombinant human (rh) LN-8, rhLN-10, and mouse LN-1 (mLN-1) (alpha1beta1gamma1) via alphaMbeta2-integrin, and these laminin isoforms strongly promoted chemoattractant-induced neutrophil migration via the same integrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	NZ lupus nephritis 1	Mus musculus	102-107
15342917-5	2004	In this study, we show that phorbol esters and activated Ras also induce the phosphorylation of tuberin and collaborates with the nutrient-sensing pathway to regulate mTOR effectors, such as p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1).	Phorbol Esters	28-42	TSC complex subunit 2	Homo sapiens	96-103
15342917-5	2004	In this study, we show that phorbol esters and activated Ras also induce the phosphorylation of tuberin and collaborates with the nutrient-sensing pathway to regulate mTOR effectors, such as p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1).	Phorbol Esters	28-42	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	167-171
15342917-5	2004	In this study, we show that phorbol esters and activated Ras also induce the phosphorylation of tuberin and collaborates with the nutrient-sensing pathway to regulate mTOR effectors, such as p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1).	Phorbol Esters	28-42	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	218-222
15560118-0	2004	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced PGF2alpha secretion by IFN-tau is not through regulation of protein kinase C. Inhibitory effect of IFN-tau on phorbol ester (PdBu)-induced PGF2alpha secretion was hypothesized to be manifested by the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) in bovine endometrial (BEND) cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interferon-tau-like	Bos taurus	59-66
15560118-0	2004	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced PGF2alpha secretion by IFN-tau is not through regulation of protein kinase C. Inhibitory effect of IFN-tau on phorbol ester (PdBu)-induced PGF2alpha secretion was hypothesized to be manifested by the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) in bovine endometrial (BEND) cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interferon-tau-like	Bos taurus	135-142
15560118-0	2004	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced PGF2alpha secretion by IFN-tau is not through regulation of protein kinase C. Inhibitory effect of IFN-tau on phorbol ester (PdBu)-induced PGF2alpha secretion was hypothesized to be manifested by the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) in bovine endometrial (BEND) cells.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	interferon-tau-like	Bos taurus	135-142
15286702-4	2004	This promoter was activated in cell lines in response to agents that induce Snail transcription and the mesenchymal phenotype, as addition of the phorbol ester PMA or overexpression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) or oncogenes such as Ha-ras or v-Akt.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
15286702-4	2004	This promoter was activated in cell lines in response to agents that induce Snail transcription and the mesenchymal phenotype, as addition of the phorbol ester PMA or overexpression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) or oncogenes such as Ha-ras or v-Akt.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	247-250
15339253-1	2004	We have previously demonstrated that low concentrations of phorbol esters stimulate the selective translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) alpha and epsilon from the cell soluble to the particulate fraction in NCMs (neonatal rat cardiac myocytes).	Phorbol Esters	59-73	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	115-143
15369389-3	2004	The constrained glycerol backbone of DAG-lactones, when combined with highly branched alkyl chains, has engendered a series of DAG-lactone ligands capable of binding protein kinase C (PK-C) with affinities that approximate those of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	232-246	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	184-188
15142990-4	2004	Previously, we demonstrated that MUC1 is proteolytically released from the surface of a human uterine epithelial cell line, HES, and identified TNFalpha converting enzyme/a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 as a constitutive and phorbol ester-stimulated MUC1 sheddase.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	mucin 1, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	33-37
15140758-8	2004	Activation of PKC with 100 nM phorbol ester also suppressed the glomerular NO concentration.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	14-17
15262987-5	2004	Chronic exposure to phorbol ester triggered complete down-regulation of several isoforms, but reduced PKCalpha levels to only 40%, and did not prevent CREB phosphorylation upon myotube depolarization.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	102-110
15142990-4	2004	Previously, we demonstrated that MUC1 is proteolytically released from the surface of a human uterine epithelial cell line, HES, and identified TNFalpha converting enzyme/a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 as a constitutive and phorbol ester-stimulated MUC1 sheddase.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	144-152
15344912-0	2004	Activation of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase by phorbol esters in bovine pinealocytes suggests a novel regulatory pathway in melatonin synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	14-48
15344912-4	2004	In these cells, phorbol esters do not increase cAMP levels and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase on their own; however, phorbol esters potentiate the effects on cAMP and AANAT activity induced upon beta-adrenoceptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	171-176
15344912-4	2004	In these cells, phorbol esters do not increase cAMP levels and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase on their own; however, phorbol esters potentiate the effects on cAMP and AANAT activity induced upon beta-adrenoceptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	171-176
15344912-6	2004	We show that, in these cells, the phorbol esters 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate have a direct stimulatory effect and induced 4-10-fold increases in AANAT protein levels, AANAT activity and melatonin production.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	189-194
15344912-6	2004	We show that, in these cells, the phorbol esters 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate have a direct stimulatory effect and induced 4-10-fold increases in AANAT protein levels, AANAT activity and melatonin production.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	211-216
15344912-9	2004	Northern blot analysis showed that Aanat mRNA levels did not change upon PMA treatment indicating that phorbol esters control AANAT at a post-transcriptional level.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	35-40
15298668-6	2004	Our results show that melatonin increased CaM phosphorylation by PKC alpha with an EC(50) of 10(-8) m in the presence of the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) in the in vitro reconstituted enzyme system.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	65-74
15344912-9	2004	Northern blot analysis showed that Aanat mRNA levels did not change upon PMA treatment indicating that phorbol esters control AANAT at a post-transcriptional level.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	serotonin N-acetyltransferase	Bos taurus	126-131
15187091-1	2004	The inhibition of phorbol ester activation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors has been considered proof of phosphorylation-dependent activation of PLD1 by PKCalpha.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	46-62
15313016-6	2004	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester prevented disaggregation of the TRAP-stimulated platelets independent of the extracellular calcium.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	TRAP	Homo sapiens	86-90
15322230-6	2004	Treatment of multidrug-resistant cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a phorbol ester that increases the phosphorylation of P-glycoprotein through activation of protein kinase C, or substituting phosphorylation sites of P-glycoprotein by nonphosphorylatable residues did not affect the ubiquitination of the transporter.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	136-150
15322230-6	2004	Treatment of multidrug-resistant cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a phorbol ester that increases the phosphorylation of P-glycoprotein through activation of protein kinase C, or substituting phosphorylation sites of P-glycoprotein by nonphosphorylatable residues did not affect the ubiquitination of the transporter.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	232-246
15187091-1	2004	The inhibition of phorbol ester activation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors has been considered proof of phosphorylation-dependent activation of PLD1 by PKCalpha.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	64-68
15187091-1	2004	The inhibition of phorbol ester activation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors has been considered proof of phosphorylation-dependent activation of PLD1 by PKCalpha.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	91-94
15187091-1	2004	The inhibition of phorbol ester activation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors has been considered proof of phosphorylation-dependent activation of PLD1 by PKCalpha.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	176-180
15187091-1	2004	The inhibition of phorbol ester activation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors has been considered proof of phosphorylation-dependent activation of PLD1 by PKCalpha.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	184-192
15187091-5	2004	Immunofluorescence studies showed that PLD1 remained in the perinuclear region after phorbol ester treatment, whereas PKCalpha translocated from cytosol to both plasma membrane and perinuclear regions.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	39-43
15264216-5	2004	In this study, we found that, in SK-N-BE cells, which selectively express p75(NTR), phorbol ester-induced PKC stimulation resulted in the abrogation of SMase stimulation and ceramide production induced by NGF.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	74-77
15144237-8	2004	Potentiation by phorbol esters was recorded in HEK-293 cells expressing P2X1 receptors, and radiolabelling of phosphorylated proteins in these cells demonstrated that P2X1 receptors are basally phosphorylated and that this level of phosphorylation is unaffected by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	purinergic receptor P2X 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
15144237-8	2004	Potentiation by phorbol esters was recorded in HEK-293 cells expressing P2X1 receptors, and radiolabelling of phosphorylated proteins in these cells demonstrated that P2X1 receptors are basally phosphorylated and that this level of phosphorylation is unaffected by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	purinergic receptor P2X 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
15144237-8	2004	Potentiation by phorbol esters was recorded in HEK-293 cells expressing P2X1 receptors, and radiolabelling of phosphorylated proteins in these cells demonstrated that P2X1 receptors are basally phosphorylated and that this level of phosphorylation is unaffected by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	purinergic receptor P2X 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
15144237-8	2004	Potentiation by phorbol esters was recorded in HEK-293 cells expressing P2X1 receptors, and radiolabelling of phosphorylated proteins in these cells demonstrated that P2X1 receptors are basally phosphorylated and that this level of phosphorylation is unaffected by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	purinergic receptor P2X 1	Homo sapiens	167-171
15130941-6	2004	Amphoterin was secreted from phorbol ester and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-activated macrophages, and the secretion was inhibited by blocking the adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter-1, a member of the multidrug resistance protein family.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
15264216-5	2004	In this study, we found that, in SK-N-BE cells, which selectively express p75(NTR), phorbol ester-induced PKC stimulation resulted in the abrogation of SMase stimulation and ceramide production induced by NGF.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	neurotensin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
15264216-5	2004	In this study, we found that, in SK-N-BE cells, which selectively express p75(NTR), phorbol ester-induced PKC stimulation resulted in the abrogation of SMase stimulation and ceramide production induced by NGF.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	106-109
15264216-5	2004	In this study, we found that, in SK-N-BE cells, which selectively express p75(NTR), phorbol ester-induced PKC stimulation resulted in the abrogation of SMase stimulation and ceramide production induced by NGF.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	205-208
15190080-3	2004	We had found that the activation loop of a PKD mutant, with reduced affinity for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, was only phosphorylated upon its plasma membrane association.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	43-46
15294977-4	2004	Following stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, expression of the bovine gene was detected in CD3(+) T cells, CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+) T cells, WC1(+) gammadelta T cells, and PBMC depleted of CD3(+) T cells, but was absent in CD21(+) cells and CD14(+) cells.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	CD4 molecule	Bos taurus	126-129
15192100-10	2004	Binding of these isozymes to L-selectin was also found in intact cells after phorbol ester treatment inducing serine phosphorylation of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	selectin L	Homo sapiens	29-39
15265936-4	2004	We found that celecoxib suppressed NF-kappa B activation induced by various carcinogens, including TNF, phorbol ester, okadaic acid, LPS, and IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	35-45
15138281-6	2004	T cell stimulation with phorbol ester or PTA-1 cross-linking induces PTA-1 and 4.1G to associate tightly with the cytoskeleton, and the PTA-1 from such activated cells now can bind to the amino-terminal region of 4.1G.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CD226 molecule	Homo sapiens	69-83
15138281-6	2004	T cell stimulation with phorbol ester or PTA-1 cross-linking induces PTA-1 and 4.1G to associate tightly with the cytoskeleton, and the PTA-1 from such activated cells now can bind to the amino-terminal region of 4.1G.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CD226 molecule	Homo sapiens	69-74
15138281-6	2004	T cell stimulation with phorbol ester or PTA-1 cross-linking induces PTA-1 and 4.1G to associate tightly with the cytoskeleton, and the PTA-1 from such activated cells now can bind to the amino-terminal region of 4.1G.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 like 2	Homo sapiens	79-83
15289320-2	2004	Here we show that phorbol ester-mediated induction of VEGF and COX-2 expression in colon carcinoma cells is inhibited by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)).	Phorbol Esters	18-31	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	54-58
15289320-2	2004	Here we show that phorbol ester-mediated induction of VEGF and COX-2 expression in colon carcinoma cells is inhibited by 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)).	Phorbol Esters	18-31	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	63-68
15286807-4	2004	MFH/Foxp1 is expressed in untreated HL60 cells, and its expression was markedly reduced during phorbol ester-induced monocyte differentiation, but not retinoic acid-induced granulocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	forkhead box P1	Homo sapiens	0-3
15286807-4	2004	MFH/Foxp1 is expressed in untreated HL60 cells, and its expression was markedly reduced during phorbol ester-induced monocyte differentiation, but not retinoic acid-induced granulocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	forkhead box P1	Homo sapiens	4-9
15286807-5	2004	Overexpression of MFH/Foxp1 markedly attenuated phorbol ester-induced expression of c-fms, which encodes the M-CSF receptor and is obligatory for macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	forkhead box P1	Homo sapiens	18-21
15286807-5	2004	Overexpression of MFH/Foxp1 markedly attenuated phorbol ester-induced expression of c-fms, which encodes the M-CSF receptor and is obligatory for macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	forkhead box P1	Homo sapiens	22-27
15286807-5	2004	Overexpression of MFH/Foxp1 markedly attenuated phorbol ester-induced expression of c-fms, which encodes the M-CSF receptor and is obligatory for macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	84-89
15184881-4	2004	However, in cultured prostate cancer cells, the REPS2-p65 interaction is triggered upon stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	105-118	RALBP1 associated Eps domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
15145978-0	2004	Phorbol ester promotes histone H3-Ser10 phosphorylation at the LDL receptor promoter in a protein kinase C-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	63-75
15184881-4	2004	However, in cultured prostate cancer cells, the REPS2-p65 interaction is triggered upon stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	105-118	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	54-57
15138267-2	2004	The signal link between the BCR and CREB activation depends on a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)-sensitive protein kinase C (PKC) activity and not protein kinase A or calmodulin kinase; however, the identity and role of the PKC(s) activity has not been elucidated.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Mus musculus	36-40
15138267-2	2004	The signal link between the BCR and CREB activation depends on a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)-sensitive protein kinase C (PKC) activity and not protein kinase A or calmodulin kinase; however, the identity and role of the PKC(s) activity has not been elucidated.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	141-144
15211591-5	2004	Similar effects of BACE1 up-regulation were observed when protein kinase C was directly activated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	beta-secretase 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
15105418-1	2004	The regulatory domains of novel protein kinases C (PKC) contain two C1 domains (C1A and C1B), which have been identified as the interaction site for sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol ester, and a C2 domain that may be involved in interaction with lipids and/or proteins.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	51-54
15240679-4	2004	We find that Ras signaling via Ral stimulates ROS production in human T lymphocytes, and is required for TCR and phorbol ester-induced ROS production.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	31-34
15105418-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCdelta have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	270-283	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	120-128
15105418-1	2004	The regulatory domains of novel protein kinases C (PKC) contain two C1 domains (C1A and C1B), which have been identified as the interaction site for sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol ester, and a C2 domain that may be involved in interaction with lipids and/or proteins.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	80-91
15105418-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCdelta have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	270-283	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	190-193
15105418-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCdelta have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
15105418-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCdelta have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	120-128
15105418-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCdelta have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	190-193
15105418-4	2004	Isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance measurements showed that isolated C1A and C1B domains of PKCdelta have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	270-283	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
15126056-5	2004	Following stimulation with either an agonist that crosslinks Fc receptors or co-application of phorbol ester and a calcium ionophore the interior of the cells lost calmodulin while cortical fluorescence became more pronounced but also less uniform.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	164-174
15183196-6	2004	Moreover, phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 cells or HMDMs transiently transfected with TrxR1 promoter fragments linked to a luciferase reporter gene allowed identification of a defined promoter region as specifically responding to the phospholipid component of oxLDLs (p <.05 vs. phospholipid component of nLDLs).	Phorbol Esters	10-23	thioredoxin reductase 1	Homo sapiens	89-94
15233804-4	2004	Reduced expression of PKCalpha significantly impaired the secretion of sAPPalpha induced by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	22-30
15328215-12	2004	Phorbol ester-induced gene transcription as related to prostaglandin synthesis is regulated by IFN-tau in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon tau-2	Bos taurus	95-102
14996950-8	2004	Specifically, phorbol ester activation of PKC significantly attenuated (approximately 50%) Galpha(s)-stimulated AC9 activity.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	adenylate cyclase 9	Homo sapiens	112-115
15213298-0	2004	PKCdelta associates with and is involved in the phosphorylation of RasGRP3 in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-8
15213298-0	2004	PKCdelta associates with and is involved in the phosphorylation of RasGRP3 in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	67-74
15213298-2	2004	In this study, we examined the interaction of RasGRP3 and PKC in response to the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	46-53
15213298-2	2004	In this study, we examined the interaction of RasGRP3 and PKC in response to the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	58-61
15280448-3	2004	Our results demonstrate that IL-10 significantly inhibited MMP-2 transcription and protein expression induced by a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	29-34
15213298-11	2004	The interaction between RasGRP3 and PKCdelta points to the existence of complex cross-talk between various members of the phorbol ester receptors which can have important impact on major signal transduction pathways and cellular processes induced by phorbol esters or DAG	Phorbol Esters	250-264	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	24-31
15213298-11	2004	The interaction between RasGRP3 and PKCdelta points to the existence of complex cross-talk between various members of the phorbol ester receptors which can have important impact on major signal transduction pathways and cellular processes induced by phorbol esters or DAG	Phorbol Esters	250-264	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	36-44
15280448-3	2004	Our results demonstrate that IL-10 significantly inhibited MMP-2 transcription and protein expression induced by a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
15182202-8	2004	The potentiation of phorbol ester-induced, membrane-associated PKCalpha activity by long-chain n-alkanols reported previously (Slater, S. J., Kelly, M. B., Larkin, J. D., Ho, C, Mazurek, A, Taddeo, F. J., Yeager, M. D., Stubbs, C. D. (1997) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	63-71
15197174-5	2004	On the other hand, phorbol ester stimulation activates ADAM17 through the activation of PKC and small GTPase Rac, inducing proteolysis of CD44.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	55-61
15197174-5	2004	On the other hand, phorbol ester stimulation activates ADAM17 through the activation of PKC and small GTPase Rac, inducing proteolysis of CD44.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
15197174-5	2004	On the other hand, phorbol ester stimulation activates ADAM17 through the activation of PKC and small GTPase Rac, inducing proteolysis of CD44.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	138-142
15183840-12	2004	It was enhanced by a series of stimuli such as phorbol ester, and transformed cells generally showed a higher level of EDR expression than normal ones.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	paternally expressed 10	Homo sapiens	119-122
15012588-4	2004	Phorbol-ester-induced hyperplasia of mouse skin is also accompanied by a significant induction of C4.4A expression in the multilayered, suprabasal keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Ly6/Plaur domain containing 3	Mus musculus	98-103
15182202-11	2004	Overall, the results suggest that the alcohol-binding sites within the C1 domains of PKCalpha contain spatially distinct hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions that impose a high degree of structural specificity on the interactions of alcohols and other anesthetic compounds, as well as diacylglycerols and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	304-318	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	85-93
15066994-9	2004	Botulinum neurotoxin A blocked the TRPV1 membrane translocation induced by PKC that was activated with a phorbol ester or the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
15149865-2	2004	Shape changes and actin polymerization can also be induced by phorbol ester-mediated direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	124-127
15070901-4	2004	Differentiation-inducing agents (phorbol ester, bryostatin) conveyed THP-1 cells with the ability to up-regulate DC-SIGN mRNA levels and cell surface expression in response to interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	CD209 molecule	Homo sapiens	113-120
15070901-4	2004	Differentiation-inducing agents (phorbol ester, bryostatin) conveyed THP-1 cells with the ability to up-regulate DC-SIGN mRNA levels and cell surface expression in response to interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	176-189
15070901-4	2004	Differentiation-inducing agents (phorbol ester, bryostatin) conveyed THP-1 cells with the ability to up-regulate DC-SIGN mRNA levels and cell surface expression in response to interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	191-195
15070901-4	2004	Differentiation-inducing agents (phorbol ester, bryostatin) conveyed THP-1 cells with the ability to up-regulate DC-SIGN mRNA levels and cell surface expression in response to interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	200-205
15149865-8	2004	Membrane recruitment of PKCalpha induced by chemotactic peptide or phorbol ester was suppressed, whereas that of PKCbetaII was only partially affected.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	24-32
14751851-2	2004	SP-A mRNA and protein are downregulated by phorbol esters (TPA) via inhibition of gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	0-4
14751851-2	2004	SP-A mRNA and protein are downregulated by phorbol esters (TPA) via inhibition of gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	59-62
15138027-9	2004	In a second study, the same doses of arsenic were used and the skin tumor promoting phorbol ester, TPA, was applied to the skin after birth in an effort to promote skin tumors potentially initiated by arsenic in utero.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	99-102
14975926-3	2004	PKC-epsilon/DN inhibited acute activation of PKC-epsilon produced in response to phorbol ester and reduced ERK1/2 activity as measured by the phosphorylation of p42 and p44 isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	169-172
15153505-6	2004	SP-A significantly reduced Mphi superoxide production in response to the phorbol ester PMA and to serum-opsonized zymosan (OpZy), independent of any effect by SP-A on zymosan phagocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	0-4
15010455-0	2004	The second intracellular loop of the glycine transporter 2 contains crucial residues for glycine transport and phorbol ester-induced regulation.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	solute carrier family 6 member 5	Homo sapiens	37-58
15147365-3	2004	When cytokine profiles were analysed in these PBMCs upon stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, CD4(+) T cells from patients with WG and RP exhibited a Th1 bias, whereas CD4(+) NKT cells from WG patients in remission showed a Th2 bias.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	111-114
15153478-4	2004	Furthermore, these CD4SP cells appeared to be functional because the cells produced IL-2 and IL-4 when activated with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	84-88
15153478-4	2004	Furthermore, these CD4SP cells appeared to be functional because the cells produced IL-2 and IL-4 when activated with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	93-97
15163540-6	2004	However, while phorbol ester induced rapid phosphorylation of both the phospho-sensitive epitope and the functionally defined major protein kinase C site present near the carboxy-terminus (serine 724) of alpha-adducin, only the phospho-sensitive epitope was modified upon activation through the TCR.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	adducin 1	Homo sapiens	204-217
15163540-6	2004	However, while phorbol ester induced rapid phosphorylation of both the phospho-sensitive epitope and the functionally defined major protein kinase C site present near the carboxy-terminus (serine 724) of alpha-adducin, only the phospho-sensitive epitope was modified upon activation through the TCR.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	295-298
15209417-3	2004	A defined pattern of PS1 expression was observed during differentiation with both RA and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	presenilin 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
15081395-0	2004	Expression and regulation of phospholipase D isoforms in sphingosine and phorbol ester-stimulated glioma C6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	29-44
15081395-5	2004	On the contrary, phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA)-mediated PLD activity was enhanced by GTPgammaS and was only partially decreased by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	70-73
15081395-5	2004	On the contrary, phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA)-mediated PLD activity was enhanced by GTPgammaS and was only partially decreased by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	84-87
15114681-5	2004	Treatment of PMN with the phorbol ester PMA, which stimulates the release of MMP-9, did not liberate the granular HDC.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	77-82
14729583-0	2004	Celecoxib inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of AP-1 and p38 MAP kinase in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	55-60
14729583-0	2004	Celecoxib inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of AP-1 and p38 MAP kinase in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	79-83
14729583-0	2004	Celecoxib inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and activation of AP-1 and p38 MAP kinase in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	88-91
15147300-0	2004	The cytosolic II-III loop of Cav2.3 provides an essential determinant for the phorbol ester-mediated stimulation of E-type Ca2+ channel activity.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E	Homo sapiens	29-35
15250540-2	2004	The present study tested the hypothesis that lindane and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibit gap junction communication in rat myometrial and liver WBr-F344 cells by the common mechanism of increasing phosphorylation of the gap junction protein connexin43.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	278-288
15079870-5	2004	Given that phorbol esters stimulate the non-amyloidogenic pathway at the expense of reducing production of Abeta (the peptide found deposited as neuritic plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer"s disease), thus providing an interesting therapeutic focus, we tested the effect of the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on APP processing at ICD.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	107-112
15147300-3	2004	With Ba(2+) as charge carrier through Ca(v)2.3 channel alpha(1) subunits expressed in HEK-293 cells, activation of PKC by low concentrations of phorbol ester augmented peak I(Ba) by approximately 60%.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E	Homo sapiens	38-46
15082777-6	2004	This phosphorylation was enhanced by phorbol ester, a known inducer of PKC, and was inhibited by a specific PKC inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-74
15086915-8	2004	In culture, hhavcr-1 is dramatically overexpressed in normal and tumor cell lines that, having acquired the fully differentiated phenotype, are induced to de-differentiate by means of phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) treatment.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Homo sapiens	12-20
15082777-6	2004	This phosphorylation was enhanced by phorbol ester, a known inducer of PKC, and was inhibited by a specific PKC inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	108-111
15004227-7	2004	Finally, antibody engagement of cell surface CD81 or cell activation with phorbol ester revealed two distinct mechanisms by which GPR56-CD81-Galpha(q/11) complexes can be dynamically regulated.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G1	Homo sapiens	130-135
15082777-8	2004	PKC inhibition significantly reduced the phorbol-ester induced differentiation of the PLB985 hematopoietic cell line as well as HOXA9-immortalized murine bone marrow cells.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
15004227-7	2004	Finally, antibody engagement of cell surface CD81 or cell activation with phorbol ester revealed two distinct mechanisms by which GPR56-CD81-Galpha(q/11) complexes can be dynamically regulated.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CD81 molecule	Homo sapiens	136-140
15082777-9	2004	These data suggest that phorbol ester-induced myeloid differentiation is in part due to PKC-mediated phosphorylation of HOXA9, which decreases the DNA binding of the homeoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	88-91
15004227-7	2004	Finally, antibody engagement of cell surface CD81 or cell activation with phorbol ester revealed two distinct mechanisms by which GPR56-CD81-Galpha(q/11) complexes can be dynamically regulated.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	141-147
15082777-9	2004	These data suggest that phorbol ester-induced myeloid differentiation is in part due to PKC-mediated phosphorylation of HOXA9, which decreases the DNA binding of the homeoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	homeobox A9	Mus musculus	120-125
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	62-71
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	112-139
14982936-5	2004	A chimeric protein in which the N-terminal exodomain of PAR1 was fused to an unrelated transmembrane segment was shed as efficiently as PAR1, shedding of both proteins was stimulated by phorbol ester and by a PAR1 agonist.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	coagulation factor II thrombin receptor	Homo sapiens	56-60
14982936-5	2004	A chimeric protein in which the N-terminal exodomain of PAR1 was fused to an unrelated transmembrane segment was shed as efficiently as PAR1, shedding of both proteins was stimulated by phorbol ester and by a PAR1 agonist.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	coagulation factor II thrombin receptor	Homo sapiens	136-140
14982936-5	2004	A chimeric protein in which the N-terminal exodomain of PAR1 was fused to an unrelated transmembrane segment was shed as efficiently as PAR1, shedding of both proteins was stimulated by phorbol ester and by a PAR1 agonist.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	coagulation factor II thrombin receptor	Homo sapiens	136-140
14976190-7	2004	This is supported by Gal4 one hybrid analysis of p65/RelA transactivation, which was potentiated by TNFalpha and phorbol ester and was inhibited by Ro 31-8220 and D609.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	53-57
14976208-0	2004	Regulated internalization and phosphorylation of the native norepinephrine transporter in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	60-86
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	141-149
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	159-168
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	205-213
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	263-275
14976190-5	2004	Similarly, phorbol ester, a diacylglycerol mimetic, activates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and potentiates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, yet unlike TNFalpha, poorly activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB DNA binding in both A549 and BEAS-2B cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	159-168
14976190-6	2004	As phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription was relatively insensitive to the proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, PKC may affect NF-kappaB-dependent transcription via mechanisms other than the core IKK-IkappaB pathway.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	25-34
14976190-6	2004	As phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB-dependent transcription was relatively insensitive to the proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, PKC may affect NF-kappaB-dependent transcription via mechanisms other than the core IKK-IkappaB pathway.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	138-147
14976190-7	2004	This is supported by Gal4 one hybrid analysis of p65/RelA transactivation, which was potentiated by TNFalpha and phorbol ester and was inhibited by Ro 31-8220 and D609.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	galectin 4	Homo sapiens	21-25
14976190-7	2004	This is supported by Gal4 one hybrid analysis of p65/RelA transactivation, which was potentiated by TNFalpha and phorbol ester and was inhibited by Ro 31-8220 and D609.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	49-52
15102925-9	2004	Endothelial cell lines that stably express Verge form monolayers that show enhanced permeability in response to activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	apolipoprotein L domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	43-48
15120450-8	2004	Phorbol esters are known to induce the tumor promotion by increasing rate of DNA synthesis, ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), and xanthine oxidase activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	92-115
15020222-0	2004	Stimulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein alpha-processing by phorbol ester involves calcium and calpain activation.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	15-45
15020222-1	2004	Normal processing of Alzheimer"s beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is markedly stimulated by phorbol esters, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully understood.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	33-63
14709334-1	2004	Phorbol esters can induce activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	78-82
14709334-1	2004	Phorbol esters can induce activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	98-135
14709334-1	2004	Phorbol esters can induce activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	137-140
14709334-1	2004	Phorbol esters can induce activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	158-181
14709334-1	2004	Phorbol esters can induce activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	183-186
14709334-2	2004	Unlike ERK activation, JNK activation by phorbol esters is somehow cell-specific.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	23-26
14739659-2	2004	In this report, we show that growth-inhibitory concentrations of the dietary phytochemical resveratrol suppress EGFR-dependent Erk1/2 activation pathways stimulated by EGF and phorbol ester (12- O -tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, TPA) in human AI PrCa PC-3 cells in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	112-116
14739659-2	2004	In this report, we show that growth-inhibitory concentrations of the dietary phytochemical resveratrol suppress EGFR-dependent Erk1/2 activation pathways stimulated by EGF and phorbol ester (12- O -tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, TPA) in human AI PrCa PC-3 cells in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	127-133
15033458-2	2004	Here, we show that phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) down-regulates Smad6 mRNA expression and up-regulates Smad7 mRNA expression in IMR-90, a human lung fibroblast cell line.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	SMAD family member 6	Homo sapiens	91-96
15033458-2	2004	Here, we show that phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) down-regulates Smad6 mRNA expression and up-regulates Smad7 mRNA expression in IMR-90, a human lung fibroblast cell line.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	SMAD family member 7	Homo sapiens	130-135
14705967-0	2004	Studies on regulation of IGF (insulin-like growth factor)-binding protein (IGFBP) 4 proteolysis by pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in cells treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	75-83
14705967-0	2004	Studies on regulation of IGF (insulin-like growth factor)-binding protein (IGFBP) 4 proteolysis by pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in cells treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	pappalysin 1	Homo sapiens	99-136
14705967-0	2004	Studies on regulation of IGF (insulin-like growth factor)-binding protein (IGFBP) 4 proteolysis by pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in cells treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	pappalysin 1	Homo sapiens	138-144
15034048-0	2004	TNF and phorbol esters induce lymphotoxin-beta expression through distinct pathways involving Ets and NF-kappa B family members.	Phorbol Esters	8-22	lymphotoxin beta	Homo sapiens	30-46
14754907-4	2004	The LPLA(2) mRNA and activity increased in cells treated with phorbol ester but not with vitamin D3, interferon-gamma, or granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	phospholipase A2 group XV	Homo sapiens	4-11
14711820-0	2004	Identification and characterization of a phorbol ester-responsive element in the murine 8S-lipoxygenase gene.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	88-103
15060167-5	2004	Glutathione S-transferase-Ras-binding domain (RBD) pulldown assays revealed that, although high-grade TCR stimulation and phorbol ester activated both N-Ras and K-Ras, low-grade stimulation of the TCR resulted in specific activation of N-Ras.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	151-156
15060167-5	2004	Glutathione S-transferase-Ras-binding domain (RBD) pulldown assays revealed that, although high-grade TCR stimulation and phorbol ester activated both N-Ras and K-Ras, low-grade stimulation of the TCR resulted in specific activation of N-Ras.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	161-166
14701796-5	2004	We have previously shown that anti-Ig antibodies, the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12), and phorbol esters activate the Rap1 and Rap2 GTPases in B cells and that Rap activation is essential for SDF-1-induced B cell migration (McLeod, S. J., Li, A. H. Y., Lee, R. L., Burgess, A. E., and Gold, M. R. (2002) J. Immunol.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	143-147
14701796-5	2004	We have previously shown that anti-Ig antibodies, the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12), and phorbol esters activate the Rap1 and Rap2 GTPases in B cells and that Rap activation is essential for SDF-1-induced B cell migration (McLeod, S. J., Li, A. H. Y., Lee, R. L., Burgess, A. E., and Gold, M. R. (2002) J. Immunol.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	143-146
14701796-5	2004	We have previously shown that anti-Ig antibodies, the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12), and phorbol esters activate the Rap1 and Rap2 GTPases in B cells and that Rap activation is essential for SDF-1-induced B cell migration (McLeod, S. J., Li, A. H. Y., Lee, R. L., Burgess, A. E., and Gold, M. R. (2002) J. Immunol.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12	Mus musculus	217-222
14701796-11	2004	We also show that blocking Rap activation inhibited anti-Ig-induced cell spreading and phorbol ester-induced actin polymerization as well as anti-Ig- and SDF-1-induced phosphorylation of Pyk2, a tyrosine kinase involved in morphological changes and chemokine-induced B cell migration.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated protein 1	Mus musculus	27-30
15035676-6	2004	In the first example, phorbol ester treatment of cells results in both increased CD44 expression and increased hyaluronan binding.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	81-85
15044634-2	2004	In an effort to improve the cytotoxicity of anthracyclines while reducing their cardiotoxic effects, we have developed a novel class of extranuclear-localizing 14-O-acylanthracyclines that bind to the phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding C1b domain of conventional and novel protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, thereby promoting an apoptotic response.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	293-296
14981539-0	2004	Regulation of phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancer cells through a PKC/RAF/ERK/NF-kappaB-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	TNF receptor associated factor 1	Homo sapiens	37-42
14645007-5	2004	Overexpression of Homer-3 reduced transcriptional activation via the serum response element (SRE) in response to anti-CD3 antibody, phorbol ester, or dominant active Ha-Ras.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	homer scaffold protein 3	Homo sapiens	18-25
14699137-2	2004	Protein kinase C (PKC) delta has been implicated as a tumor suppressor that is down-regulated by tumor-promoting phorbol esters in both mouse skin and cell culture models.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	0-28
14699137-3	2004	We report here that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate prevents DNA damage-induced up-regulation of p53 by down-regulating PKC delta.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	136-139
14699137-3	2004	We report here that the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate prevents DNA damage-induced up-regulation of p53 by down-regulating PKC delta.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	159-168
14981539-0	2004	Regulation of phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancer cells through a PKC/RAF/ERK/NF-kappaB-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	91-94
15023352-2	2004	Both enzymes phosphorylate a large number of structurally disparate proteins upon activation by phorbol esters, serum and growth factors, and are activated through a protein kinase cascade, termed the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	235-239
14981539-0	2004	Regulation of phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancer cells through a PKC/RAF/ERK/NF-kappaB-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	38-41
14981539-0	2004	Regulation of phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancer cells through a PKC/RAF/ERK/NF-kappaB-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	99-102
14981539-0	2004	Regulation of phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancer cells through a PKC/RAF/ERK/NF-kappaB-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	103-112
14981539-2	2004	The purpose of this study was to delineate the signaling pathways and TRAF1 promoter elements responsible for phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancers.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	TNF receptor associated factor 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
14981539-2	2004	The purpose of this study was to delineate the signaling pathways and TRAF1 promoter elements responsible for phorbol ester-mediated TRAF1 induction in human colon cancers.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	TNF receptor associated factor 1	Homo sapiens	133-138
15030177-7	2004	However, phorbol ester (PMA) stimulation of cells cultured in high glucose significantly enhanced membrane association of PKC betaI and Arf6, but not Arf3.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	136-140
14967193-5	2004	Both tumor necrosis factor-alpha-activated NF-kappaB and phorbol ester-activated AP-1 were inhibited by Dex and Hsp90 inhibitors alone.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	81-85
14967193-5	2004	Both tumor necrosis factor-alpha-activated NF-kappaB and phorbol ester-activated AP-1 were inhibited by Dex and Hsp90 inhibitors alone.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
14985075-9	2004	Abrogation of PKC activity using chronic phorbol ester or a dominant negative PKC mimicked the effect of hypoxia on adenosine uptake suggesting that PKC is involved in regulation of mENT1.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	14-17
15032665-2	2004	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters promotes tumor formation, and from that it was concluded that inhibitors of PKC might prevent carcinogenesis or inhibit tumor proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	14-17
15032665-2	2004	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters promotes tumor formation, and from that it was concluded that inhibitors of PKC might prevent carcinogenesis or inhibit tumor proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	112-115
14679188-7	2004	In contrast, phorbol ester (PMA) treatment produced sustained increase in ACE mRNA and activity.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Bos taurus	74-77
15098066-3	2004	The identification of protein kinase C (PKC) as a major cellular target for tumor-promoting phorbol esters suggested the involvement of this enzyme in the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation and tumorigenesis; however, results have demonstrated the existence in keratinocytes and other cell types of another diacylglycerol/phorbol ester-responsive protein kinase: protein kinase D (PKD) in mouse, also known as PKC micro in humans.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-43
15233403-4	2004	For this purpose, we utilized human macrophages, prepared by treating THP-1 monocytes with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	70-75
14665624-5	2004	AtDGK2 has a predicted molecular mass of 79.4 kDa and, like AtDGK1 previously reported, harbors two copies of a phorbol ester/DAG-binding domain in its N-terminal region.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	diacylglycerol kinase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-6
14665624-5	2004	AtDGK2 has a predicted molecular mass of 79.4 kDa and, like AtDGK1 previously reported, harbors two copies of a phorbol ester/DAG-binding domain in its N-terminal region.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	diacylglycerol kinase1	Arabidopsis thaliana	60-66
14665624-7	2004	AtDGK3 to AtDGK7 encode approximately 55-kDa DGKs that lack a typical phorbol ester/DAG-binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	diacylglycerol kinase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-6
14665624-7	2004	AtDGK3 to AtDGK7 encode approximately 55-kDa DGKs that lack a typical phorbol ester/DAG-binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	diacylglycerol kinase 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	10-16
14728679-0	2004	Soluble LDL-R are formed by cell surface cleavage in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	8-13
14583092-3	2004	We have found that expression of either constitutively active PKCdelta or wild-type PKCdelta followed by phorbol ester activation both inhibit insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	62-70
14583092-3	2004	We have found that expression of either constitutively active PKCdelta or wild-type PKCdelta followed by phorbol ester activation both inhibit insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	insulin receptor substrate 1	Homo sapiens	162-167
14751227-5	2004	Phorbol ester treatment produced only a slight increase in shedding of ACE-DeltaCYT, unlike the marked stimulation seen with wild-type ACE.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	71-74
14676275-1	2004	Activation of conventional protein kinase C by phorbol ester triggers the Src-dependent remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of podosomes in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
14676275-7	2004	Phorbol ester-induced podosome formation is efficiently blocked by expression of constitutively active Dia1, which leads to the dispersion of cortactin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cytochrome b5 reductase 3	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
14676275-7	2004	Phorbol ester-induced podosome formation is efficiently blocked by expression of constitutively active Dia1, which leads to the dispersion of cortactin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cortactin	Rattus norvegicus	142-151
14684160-0	2004	Phorbol ester regulation of the human gamma-glutamyltransferase gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain family member 3	Homo sapiens	38-63
14760094-6	2004	Endogenous expression of eN in ER- cells transfected with ERalpha and phorbol ester-induced eN expression in ER+ cells was strongly suppressed by estradiol, suggesting a dominant function of ER.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	5'-nucleotidase ecto	Homo sapiens	25-27
14760094-6	2004	Endogenous expression of eN in ER- cells transfected with ERalpha and phorbol ester-induced eN expression in ER+ cells was strongly suppressed by estradiol, suggesting a dominant function of ER.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	31-33
14760094-6	2004	Endogenous expression of eN in ER- cells transfected with ERalpha and phorbol ester-induced eN expression in ER+ cells was strongly suppressed by estradiol, suggesting a dominant function of ER.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	5'-nucleotidase ecto	Homo sapiens	92-94
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	123-136	Kruppel like factor 5	Homo sapiens	13-17
14691263-8	2004	Phorbol esters and heat operate by means of a distinct, PLA(2)- and cytochrome p450 epoxygenase-independent pathway, which critically depends on an aromatic residue at the N terminus of the third transmembrane domain.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	56-62
14691263-2	2004	TRPV4-activating stimuli include osmotic cell swelling, heat, phorbol ester compounds, and 5",6"-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, a cytochrome p450 epoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid (AA).	Phorbol Esters	62-75	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	123-136	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	76-82
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	123-136	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	76-88
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	123-136	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	273-278
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	188-201	Kruppel like factor 5	Homo sapiens	13-17
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	188-201	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	76-82
14573617-2	2004	We show that KLF5 mediates a novel distinct delayed persistent induction of PDGF-A chain in response to the model agonist, phorbol ester, through a cis-element previously shown to mediate phorbol ester induction on to PDGF-A chain through the early growth response factor (Egr-1).	Phorbol Esters	188-201	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	76-88
12969891-4	2004	Chemical loading of contractile vascular smooth muscle tissue with a synthetic caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide inhibited PKC-dependent increases in contractility induced by a phorbol ester or an alpha agonist.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	caveolin-1	Mustela putorius furo	79-89
15516327-9	2004	A phorbol diester enhanced p19, p35 and p40 expression in EBV-positive cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	2-17	interleukin 23 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	27-30
15630167-0	2004	Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse skin: MAPKs and AP-1 as potential molecular targets.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	43-59
15630167-0	2004	Resveratrol inhibits phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse skin: MAPKs and AP-1 as potential molecular targets.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	96-100
14757441-5	2004	Furthermore, when HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells were differentiated with phorbol ester (TPA), PBK/TOPK protein expression was strongly down-regulated by 24 h. Under these same conditions, phosphorylated c-Myc was rapidly down-regulated (by 4 h), while the levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated p38 were constant.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	PDZ binding kinase	Homo sapiens	93-96
14757441-5	2004	Furthermore, when HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells were differentiated with phorbol ester (TPA), PBK/TOPK protein expression was strongly down-regulated by 24 h. Under these same conditions, phosphorylated c-Myc was rapidly down-regulated (by 4 h), while the levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated p38 were constant.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	PDZ binding kinase	Homo sapiens	97-101
14757441-5	2004	Furthermore, when HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells were differentiated with phorbol ester (TPA), PBK/TOPK protein expression was strongly down-regulated by 24 h. Under these same conditions, phosphorylated c-Myc was rapidly down-regulated (by 4 h), while the levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated p38 were constant.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	202-207
14757441-5	2004	Furthermore, when HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells were differentiated with phorbol ester (TPA), PBK/TOPK protein expression was strongly down-regulated by 24 h. Under these same conditions, phosphorylated c-Myc was rapidly down-regulated (by 4 h), while the levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated p38 were constant.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	cyclin D1	Homo sapiens	265-274
14757441-5	2004	Furthermore, when HL-60 myeloid leukemic cells were differentiated with phorbol ester (TPA), PBK/TOPK protein expression was strongly down-regulated by 24 h. Under these same conditions, phosphorylated c-Myc was rapidly down-regulated (by 4 h), while the levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated p38 were constant.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	294-297
15566962-6	2004	The addition of phorbol ester to cells results in the inhibition of phosphorylation of ABP-280 by p56lck.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	filamin C	Homo sapiens	87-94
15193278-0	2004	Phorbol ester-induced cell death in PC-12 cells overexpressing Bcl-2 is dependent on the time at which cells are treated.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
15516327-9	2004	A phorbol diester enhanced p19, p35 and p40 expression in EBV-positive cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	2-17	interleukin 12A	Homo sapiens	32-35
15566962-6	2004	The addition of phorbol ester to cells results in the inhibition of phosphorylation of ABP-280 by p56lck.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	98-104
15516327-9	2004	A phorbol diester enhanced p19, p35 and p40 expression in EBV-positive cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	2-17	interleukin 9	Homo sapiens	40-43
15314262-9	2004	However, when phorbol ester-induced alpha-secretase was similarly inhibited, we detected an increase in BACE-1 processing and AB yield.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	beta-secretase 1	Homo sapiens	104-110
14720513-4	2004	Phorbol ester potentiated neurite outgrowth from PKCepsilon-overexpressing cells and led to neurite induction in cells overexpressing PKCdelta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	49-59
14720513-4	2004	Phorbol ester potentiated neurite outgrowth from PKCepsilon-overexpressing cells and led to neurite induction in cells overexpressing PKCdelta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	134-142
14720513-8	2004	Experiments with PKCdelta-overexpressing HiB5 cells demonstrated that phorbol ester, even in the presence of a PKC inhibitor, led to a decrease in stress fibres, indicating an inactivation of RhoA.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	17-25
14720513-8	2004	Experiments with PKCdelta-overexpressing HiB5 cells demonstrated that phorbol ester, even in the presence of a PKC inhibitor, led to a decrease in stress fibres, indicating an inactivation of RhoA.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
14720513-8	2004	Experiments with PKCdelta-overexpressing HiB5 cells demonstrated that phorbol ester, even in the presence of a PKC inhibitor, led to a decrease in stress fibres, indicating an inactivation of RhoA.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	192-196
15124858-6	2004	Ubi-L also showed inhibitory activity on IL-5 and IL-13 production by D10 cells stimulated with phorbol ester plus dibutyryl cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	interleukin 5	Mus musculus	41-45
15124858-6	2004	Ubi-L also showed inhibitory activity on IL-5 and IL-13 production by D10 cells stimulated with phorbol ester plus dibutyryl cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	interleukin 13	Mus musculus	50-55
15134488-10	2004	Furthermore, our synthetic approach with the PKC C1 homology domains clarified that diacylglycerol kinase beta and gamma are new targets of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	diacylglycerol kinase beta	Homo sapiens	84-110
14673171-3	2004	Since phorbol esters cause the rapid disruption of nuc-1 and markedly stimulate HIV-1 transcription, we looked for protein factors that associate with this region of the HIV-1 promoter in a phorbol-ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	6-20	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	51-56
14573526-6	2004	Following stimulation of murine splenocytes with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, we observed differences in expression of CD69, major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family-related gene product, and surface immunoglobulin M and D that were subsequently confirmed by Western blot or flow cytometric analysis.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	CD69 antigen	Mus musculus	127-131
14765739-8	2004	Cytochrome c reduction in opsonized zymosan-treated or phorbol ester-treated cells was not significantly affected by supplemental LF provided at birth.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	0-12
14593077-9	2004	The combined treatment of forskolin and phorbol ester (which mimic PGE2) as well as LRH-1, which maximally induced reporter gene expression (140-fold), was also completely inhibited by SHP.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2	Homo sapiens	185-188
14673171-3	2004	Since phorbol esters cause the rapid disruption of nuc-1 and markedly stimulate HIV-1 transcription, we looked for protein factors that associate with this region of the HIV-1 promoter in a phorbol-ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	190-203	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	51-56
15545011-5	2004	In contrast, phorbol ester (TPA, 100 nm), a PKC activator, increased cell death.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
14527959-5	2003	We found that cIAP-2 mRNA levels were markedly increased in human colon cancer cells by treatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), or bryostatin 1.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3	Homo sapiens	14-20
14557674-7	2004	RESULTS: With the exception of the shortest construct not including the putative ETS binding sites, all wildtype LIF promoter constructs were strongly inducible by phorbol ester/ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	113-116
14532295-0	2003	RasGRP1 represents a novel non-protein kinase C phorbol ester signaling pathway in mouse epidermal keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	0-7
14532295-9	2003	Taken together, our results demonstrate that RasGRP1 is an additional diacylglycerol/phorbol ester receptor in epidermal keratinocytes and suggest that activation of this novel receptor may contribute to some of the phorbol ester- and Ras-mediated effects in mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	45-52
14695184-0	2003	Phorbol ester stimulates the nonhypoxic induction of a novel hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha isoform: implications for tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	61-92
14670086-0	2003	The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta is required for the differentiation of THP-1 monocytic cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	4-52
14670086-0	2003	The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta is required for the differentiation of THP-1 monocytic cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	92-97
14670086-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These data collectively demonstrate that PPARdelta plays a fundamental role in mediating a subset of cellular effects of phorbol ester and supports observations from mouse knockout models that PPARdelta is involved in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	206-215
14670086-3	2003	The THP-1 monocytic cell line which displays macrophage like differentiation in response to phorbol esters was used as a model system.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	4-9
14670086-6	2003	RESULTS: The PPARdelta agonist, compound F, stimulated differentiation in the presence of sub-nanomolar concentrations of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	13-22
14670086-8	2003	Over-expression of PPARdelta also sensitised THP-1 cells to phorbol ester and correspondingly, inhibition of PPARdelta by anti-sense RNA completely abolished this response.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	19-28
14670086-8	2003	Over-expression of PPARdelta also sensitised THP-1 cells to phorbol ester and correspondingly, inhibition of PPARdelta by anti-sense RNA completely abolished this response.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	45-50
14670086-9	2003	CONCLUSIONS: These data collectively demonstrate that PPARdelta plays a fundamental role in mediating a subset of cellular effects of phorbol ester and supports observations from mouse knockout models that PPARdelta is involved in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	54-63
14592852-4	2003	Two weeks after the operation, phorbol ester caused coronary spasm in vivo and coronary hypercontractions in vitro at the IL-1beta-treated segment; both were significantly inhibited by hydroxyfasudil, a specific Rho-kinase inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	122-130
14622953-7	2003	p300 and its associated factor PCAF levels but not Srb7, Med7, or TFII(B) were increased by phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	E1A binding protein p300	Homo sapiens	0-4
14622953-7	2003	p300 and its associated factor PCAF levels but not Srb7, Med7, or TFII(B) were increased by phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	31-35
14662877-8	2003	CTL inactivated by HSV-infected cells are not apoptotic, and the inactivated state can be overcome by phorbol ester stimulation, suggesting that inactivated CTL are viable and that the signaling block is specific to the TCR.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	220-223
12960089-3	2003	In the presence of BMP2, PTHrP or a protein kinase C (PKC) stimulator (phorbol ester) increased the expression of indexes of the osteoblast phenotype, including alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, and osteocalcin, whereas a PKC inhibitor (chelerythrin chloride) inhibited PTHrP action.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Mus musculus	19-23
12960089-3	2003	In the presence of BMP2, PTHrP or a protein kinase C (PKC) stimulator (phorbol ester) increased the expression of indexes of the osteoblast phenotype, including alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, and osteocalcin, whereas a PKC inhibitor (chelerythrin chloride) inhibited PTHrP action.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	parathyroid hormone-like peptide	Mus musculus	25-30
12960089-3	2003	In the presence of BMP2, PTHrP or a protein kinase C (PKC) stimulator (phorbol ester) increased the expression of indexes of the osteoblast phenotype, including alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, and osteocalcin, whereas a PKC inhibitor (chelerythrin chloride) inhibited PTHrP action.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein 2	Mus musculus	183-215
12960089-3	2003	In the presence of BMP2, PTHrP or a protein kinase C (PKC) stimulator (phorbol ester) increased the expression of indexes of the osteoblast phenotype, including alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, and osteocalcin, whereas a PKC inhibitor (chelerythrin chloride) inhibited PTHrP action.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	parathyroid hormone-like peptide	Mus musculus	275-280
12960089-4	2003	PTHrP and a phorbol ester increased gene expression of the BMP IA receptor, and both enhanced BMP2-dependent increases in promoter activity of the signaling molecule SMAD6.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Mus musculus	94-98
12960089-4	2003	PTHrP and a phorbol ester increased gene expression of the BMP IA receptor, and both enhanced BMP2-dependent increases in promoter activity of the signaling molecule SMAD6.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	SMAD family member 6	Mus musculus	166-171
14645155-1	2003	Neonatal CD4(+) T cells express less CD154 protein and mRNA than adult CD4(+) T cells after activation by calcium ionophore and phorbol ester, but the mechanism for this reduced expression and its relevance to the primary immune response remain unclear.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	37-42
14638725-9	2003	Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	15-18
14636833-6	2003	Antioxidant activity of rutin is relevant since rutin downregulated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in phorbol ester-stimulated A20; moreover, another antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) also inhibited antigen presentation, albeit at a higher concentration.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	uncharacterized protein LOC107759629	Nicotiana tabacum	136-139
14638725-9	2003	Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C gamma	Bos taurus	69-77
14638725-9	2003	Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	caveolin 1	Bos taurus	83-88
14638725-9	2003	Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C gamma	Bos taurus	147-155
14638725-9	2003	Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	caveolin 1	Bos taurus	161-166
14638725-9	2003	Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gap junction protein alpha 1	Bos taurus	171-175
12920112-1	2003	We have further examined the mechanism by which phorbol ester-mediated protein kinase C (PKC) activation protects against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cytotoxicity.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	145-148
14646617-4	2003	Melanoma cell lines showed phosphatidylcholine-hydrolysing, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-dependent PLD activity, which was activated by phorbol ester and a non-hydrolysable guanosine triphosphate (GTP) analogue in a dose-dependent and synergistic manner, whereas primary melanocytes exhibited only low PLD activity compared with the melanoma cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	108-111
14646617-4	2003	Melanoma cell lines showed phosphatidylcholine-hydrolysing, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-dependent PLD activity, which was activated by phorbol ester and a non-hydrolysable guanosine triphosphate (GTP) analogue in a dose-dependent and synergistic manner, whereas primary melanocytes exhibited only low PLD activity compared with the melanoma cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	311-314
14646617-8	2003	We conclude that in human melanoma cells, the PLD activity that is stimulated by phorbol ester requires ADP-ribosylation factor, protein kinase C and Rho proteins for full activity, and most probably represents the isoenzyme PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	46-49
14646617-8	2003	We conclude that in human melanoma cells, the PLD activity that is stimulated by phorbol ester requires ADP-ribosylation factor, protein kinase C and Rho proteins for full activity, and most probably represents the isoenzyme PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	225-229
14645664-0	2003	Ligand structure-activity requirements and phospholipid dependence for the binding of phorbol esters to protein kinase D.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	104-120
14645664-1	2003	Although protein kinase D (PKD), like protein kinase C (PKC), possesses a C1 domain that binds phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, the structural differences from PKC within this and other domains of PKD imply differential regulation by lipids and ligands.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	9-25
14645664-1	2003	Although protein kinase D (PKD), like protein kinase C (PKC), possesses a C1 domain that binds phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, the structural differences from PKC within this and other domains of PKD imply differential regulation by lipids and ligands.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	27-30
14645664-1	2003	Although protein kinase D (PKD), like protein kinase C (PKC), possesses a C1 domain that binds phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, the structural differences from PKC within this and other domains of PKD imply differential regulation by lipids and ligands.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	56-59
14645664-2	2003	We characterized the phorbol ester and phospholipid binding properties of a glutathione S-transferase-tagged full-length PKD and compared them with those of PKC-alpha and -delta.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	121-124
14645664-3	2003	We found that PKD is a high-affinity phorbol ester receptor for a range of structurally and functionally divergent phorbol esters and analogs and showed both similarities and differences in structure-activity relations compared with the PKCs examined.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	14-17
14623498-4	2003	Although astrocytes responded to ATP or phorbol ester (PMA) with increased cPLA2 phosphorylation and arachidonic acid release, ATP or PMA only caused a small increase in levels of PGE2.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Rattus norvegicus	75-80
12954613-1	2003	The regulatory domains of conventional and novel protein kinases C (PKC) have two C1 domains (C1A and C1B) that have been identified as the interaction site for diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	68-71
12954613-1	2003	The regulatory domains of conventional and novel protein kinases C (PKC) have two C1 domains (C1A and C1B) that have been identified as the interaction site for diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	94-105
12954613-3	2003	In this study, we measured the affinity of isolated C1A and C1B domains of two conventional PKCs, PKCalpha and PKCgamma, for soluble and membrane-incorporated DAG and phorbol ester by isothermal calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
12954613-3	2003	In this study, we measured the affinity of isolated C1A and C1B domains of two conventional PKCs, PKCalpha and PKCgamma, for soluble and membrane-incorporated DAG and phorbol ester by isothermal calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	98-106
12954613-3	2003	In this study, we measured the affinity of isolated C1A and C1B domains of two conventional PKCs, PKCalpha and PKCgamma, for soluble and membrane-incorporated DAG and phorbol ester by isothermal calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	111-119
12954613-4	2003	The C1A and C1B domains of PKCalpha have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
12954613-4	2003	The C1A and C1B domains of PKCalpha have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	27-35
12954613-4	2003	The C1A and C1B domains of PKCalpha have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
12954613-4	2003	The C1A and C1B domains of PKCalpha have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
12954613-4	2003	The C1A and C1B domains of PKCalpha have opposite affinities for DAG and phorbol ester; i.e. the C1A domain with high affinity for DAG and the C1B domain with high affinity for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	27-35
12954613-5	2003	In contrast, the C1A and C1b domains of PKCgamma have comparably high affinities for both DAG and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
12954613-5	2003	In contrast, the C1A and C1b domains of PKCgamma have comparably high affinities for both DAG and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	40-48
12960165-0	2003	Phorbol ester-dependent activation of peroxiredoxin I gene expression via a protein kinase C, Ras, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	99-102
12920112-1	2003	We have further examined the mechanism by which phorbol ester-mediated protein kinase C (PKC) activation protects against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cytotoxicity.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	185-190
14523239-3	2003	In addition, studies have suggested that phosphorylation by PKC might directly gate the channel, because PKC-activating phorbol esters induce TRPV1 currents in the absence of applied ligands.	Phorbol Esters	120-134	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	142-147
14636649-1	2003	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha)-ER induces 32Dcl3 neutrophilic differentiation and inhibits 32DPKCdelta maturation to macrophages in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha	Mus musculus	0-36
14636649-1	2003	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha)-ER induces 32Dcl3 neutrophilic differentiation and inhibits 32DPKCdelta maturation to macrophages in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha	Mus musculus	38-48
14608118-0	2003	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced COX-2 expression by epigallocatechin gallate in mouse skin and cultured human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-41
14556642-10	2003	Both ethanol and 1-hexanol were found to have two competing concentration-dependent effects on the Ca(2+)- and phorbol ester- or diacylglycerol-dependent activities of PKCalpha associated with either RhoA or Cdc42, consisting of a potentiation at low alcohol levels and an attenuation of activity at higher levels.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	168-176
14556642-10	2003	Both ethanol and 1-hexanol were found to have two competing concentration-dependent effects on the Ca(2+)- and phorbol ester- or diacylglycerol-dependent activities of PKCalpha associated with either RhoA or Cdc42, consisting of a potentiation at low alcohol levels and an attenuation of activity at higher levels.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	208-213
14556642-11	2003	Measurements of the Ca(2+), phorbol ester, and diacylglycerol concentration-response curves for Cdc42-induced activation indicated that the activating effect corresponded to a shift in the midpoints of each of the curves to lower activator concentrations, while the attenuating effect corresponded to a decrease in the level of activity induced by maximal activator levels.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	cell division cycle 42	Homo sapiens	96-101
14583492-0	2003	The antiangiogenic agent SU5416 down-regulates phorbol ester-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase 2 expression by inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	83-99
14559352-2	2003	We have previously reported that synaptic accumulation of Vesl-1S/Homer-1a immunoreactivity (IR) at synapses on the contour of neuronal somata is promoted by stimulation of cells with phorbol esters, 90 mM KCl or proteasome inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	184-198	homer scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	66-74
14559352-4	2003	MEK inhibitors completely blocked the effects of phorbol esters and KCl on the accumulation of Vesl-1S/Homer-1a and partially blocked the effect of proteasome inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	0-3
14559352-4	2003	MEK inhibitors completely blocked the effects of phorbol esters and KCl on the accumulation of Vesl-1S/Homer-1a and partially blocked the effect of proteasome inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	homer scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	103-111
14555224-4	2003	Curcumin efficiently inhibited the tumour necrosis factor alpha- and phorbol ester-induced binding of AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription factors to sites located on the GSTP1-1 gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	111-120
14555224-4	2003	Curcumin efficiently inhibited the tumour necrosis factor alpha- and phorbol ester-induced binding of AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription factors to sites located on the GSTP1-1 gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Homo sapiens	167-174
14523239-9	2003	These results, combined with pharmacological studies showing that inactive phorbol esters also weakly activate TRPV1, suggest that PKC-mediated phosphorylation modulates TRPV1 but does not directly gate the channel.	Phorbol Esters	75-89	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	111-116
14523239-10	2003	Rather, currents induced by phorbol esters result from the combination of a weak direct ligand-like activation of TRPV1 and the phosphorylation-induced enhancement of the TRPV1 function.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	114-119
14523239-10	2003	Rather, currents induced by phorbol esters result from the combination of a weak direct ligand-like activation of TRPV1 and the phosphorylation-induced enhancement of the TRPV1 function.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	171-176
12791651-5	2003	Finally, VWF was efficiently secreted upon stimulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	9-12
12896972-4	2003	In this report, we demonstrated that the concurrent inhibition, rather than separate inhibition, of phorbol ester-dependent PKC alpha and theta isoforms is crucial for the induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and that this negative cell cycle regulation is via p53-independent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	124-133
12896972-4	2003	In this report, we demonstrated that the concurrent inhibition, rather than separate inhibition, of phorbol ester-dependent PKC alpha and theta isoforms is crucial for the induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and that this negative cell cycle regulation is via p53-independent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	258-261
13679604-7	2003	In contrast the di-leucine motif was required for both Nef-mediated and phorbol ester-induced CD4 down-modulation, suggesting that the essential requirement for the di-leucine motif in CD4 down-modulation reflects the fact that this motif is needed for the interactions of CD4 with the endocytic machinery, not for the interaction with Nef.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	94-97
12873706-6	2003	The stimulation of PLD by Bz-ATP and by o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a phorbol ester which activates PKC, were not additive.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	40-79
12946447-1	2003	The mechanism of action of immune suppression by cannabinoids involves suppression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io)-stimulated lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	86-99
12946447-1	2003	The mechanism of action of immune suppression by cannabinoids involves suppression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore (PMA/Io)-stimulated lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	101-105
12960037-8	2003	Chronic stimulation with phorbol esters reduced GnRH receptor expression to the same extent as chronic GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Mus musculus	48-61
12960037-8	2003	Chronic stimulation with phorbol esters reduced GnRH receptor expression to the same extent as chronic GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	48-52
13679604-7	2003	In contrast the di-leucine motif was required for both Nef-mediated and phorbol ester-induced CD4 down-modulation, suggesting that the essential requirement for the di-leucine motif in CD4 down-modulation reflects the fact that this motif is needed for the interactions of CD4 with the endocytic machinery, not for the interaction with Nef.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	185-188
12960244-4	2003	Next, HL-60 promyelocytes were activated with a phorbol ester, which induced an almost complete rerouting of serglycin from the granular to the secretory pathway, concomitant with a similar effect on MPO transport and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	200-203
13679604-7	2003	In contrast the di-leucine motif was required for both Nef-mediated and phorbol ester-induced CD4 down-modulation, suggesting that the essential requirement for the di-leucine motif in CD4 down-modulation reflects the fact that this motif is needed for the interactions of CD4 with the endocytic machinery, not for the interaction with Nef.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	185-188
13679604-7	2003	In contrast the di-leucine motif was required for both Nef-mediated and phorbol ester-induced CD4 down-modulation, suggesting that the essential requirement for the di-leucine motif in CD4 down-modulation reflects the fact that this motif is needed for the interactions of CD4 with the endocytic machinery, not for the interaction with Nef.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	336-339
12856105-10	2003	Hyperphosphorylation of connexin43, the major connexin in the epithelial cell lines, was less evident for DEP extract than for other communication inhibitors such as phorbol esters and growth factors, and consequently inhibitors of the protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway were unable to counteract the inhibition by DEP extract.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-34
12829808-2	2003	Inducible proteolysis of either mouse (m) or rabbit (rb) GHR is detected in cell culture in response to phorbol ester and other stimuli, yielding a cell-associated GHR remnant (comprised of the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains and a small portion of the proximal extracellular domain) and down-regulating GH signaling.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	growth hormone receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	57-60
14500826-0	2003	hMSH2 expression is driven by AP1-dependent regulation through phorbol-ester exposure.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	mutS homolog 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
14500826-0	2003	hMSH2 expression is driven by AP1-dependent regulation through phorbol-ester exposure.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	30-33
14500826-4	2003	Here we show that the increase of protein level following PKC activation by phorbol ester (TPA) treatment parallels that of hMSH2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	58-61
14500826-4	2003	Here we show that the increase of protein level following PKC activation by phorbol ester (TPA) treatment parallels that of hMSH2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	mutS homolog 2	Homo sapiens	124-129
12952848-5	2003	Activation of Jurkat cells with phorbol esters and ionomycin increased FasL expression, an effect prevented by atorvastatin or simvastatin.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	71-75
14527438-3	2003	Phorbol ester treatment of hippocampal cultures results in the phosphorylation and activation of HO2 by CK2, implicating protein kinase C (PKC) in CK2 stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	97-100
12821678-6	2003	Inhibition of PKC with phorbol ester down-regulation in HG normalized the ET-1-stimulated [Ca2+]i response to 541 +/- 74 nM.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
14503869-2	2003	Novel and conventional protein kinase C isozymes contain a tandem repeat of C1 domains, the C1A and C1B, which each contain a binding pocket for phorbol esters/diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	92-103
14503869-6	2003	The increased potency of dimeric phorbol esters is reduced if either the C1A or C1B domains are mutated so that they are unable to bind PMA, if one moiety of the dimer contains a nonfunctional phorbol, or if the binding to the isolated C1B domain is measured.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
12970744-4	2003	An investigation into the biological significance of the PKCepsilon association with Bax provided the first evidence of an inverse relationship between endogenous levels of PKCepsilon and susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to the apoptotic effects of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	256-270	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	57-67
12970744-4	2003	An investigation into the biological significance of the PKCepsilon association with Bax provided the first evidence of an inverse relationship between endogenous levels of PKCepsilon and susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to the apoptotic effects of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	256-270	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	85-88
12970744-4	2003	An investigation into the biological significance of the PKCepsilon association with Bax provided the first evidence of an inverse relationship between endogenous levels of PKCepsilon and susceptibility of prostate cancer cells to the apoptotic effects of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	256-270	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	173-183
12970744-5	2003	Western blot and antisense experiments demonstrated that CWR-R1 cells expressed moderate levels of PKCepsilon and relied on this protein to survive in the presence of phorbol esters, while the apoptosis normally induced by phorbol esters in PKCepsilon -deficient LNCaP cells was dependent on the presence of Bax.	Phorbol Esters	167-181	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	99-109
12970744-6	2003	Forced expression of PKCepsilon in LNCaP cells was sufficient to confer a significant resistance to phorbol esters and this resistance was associated with an inhibition of phorbol ester-induced Bax conformational rearrangements that are important for Bax oligomerization, mitochondrial integration, and cytochrome c release.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	21-31
12970744-6	2003	Forced expression of PKCepsilon in LNCaP cells was sufficient to confer a significant resistance to phorbol esters and this resistance was associated with an inhibition of phorbol ester-induced Bax conformational rearrangements that are important for Bax oligomerization, mitochondrial integration, and cytochrome c release.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	21-31
12844482-0	2003	Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and NF-kappaB activation.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	54-70
12724278-0	2003	Polyunsaturated fatty acids and bovine interferon-tau modify phorbol ester-induced secretion of prostaglandin F2 alpha and expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 and phospholipase-A2 in bovine endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	interferon tau-2	Bos taurus	39-53
12724278-0	2003	Polyunsaturated fatty acids and bovine interferon-tau modify phorbol ester-induced secretion of prostaglandin F2 alpha and expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 and phospholipase-A2 in bovine endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	137-174
12724278-0	2003	Polyunsaturated fatty acids and bovine interferon-tau modify phorbol ester-induced secretion of prostaglandin F2 alpha and expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 and phospholipase-A2 in bovine endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	LOC104974671	Bos taurus	179-195
12970074-14	2003	These results suggest that both PKC-dependent and -independent mechanisms are involved in the phorbol ester-induced activation of TRPV4, and the PKC-independent pathway is predominant in HTS-induced Ca2+ entry.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	130-135
12844482-0	2003	Curcumin inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse skin through suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activity and NF-kappaB activation.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	159-168
12865435-0	2003	Caspase activation during phorbol ester-induced apoptosis requires ROCK-dependent myosin-mediated contraction.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	82-88
12929133-0	2003	Synergistic expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by phorbol ester and interferon-gamma is mediated through NF-kappaB and ERK in microglial cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	116-125
12929133-0	2003	Synergistic expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by phorbol ester and interferon-gamma is mediated through NF-kappaB and ERK in microglial cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	130-133
12943987-5	2003	Both mouse and human Dio3 promoters are markedly responsive to serum and, to a lesser extent, to phorbol esters and fibroblast growth factor, but only in a cell line in which the endogenous Dio3 mRNA is also responsive to those factors.	Phorbol Esters	97-111	iodothyronine deiodinase 3	Homo sapiens	21-25
12783880-6	2003	The glucose-sensitive mechanism is distinct from that used by phorbol ester or insulin to stimulate ERK1/2 but shares common features with that used by GLP-1.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	100-106
14501149-2	2003	Recently, it is considered that MARCKS is implicated in some neuronal functions, such as synaptic vesicle trafficking and neurotransmitter release, through regulation of the actin-containing cytoskeletal structure; this is based on the experimental results with short-term or prolonged pretreatment with phorbol esters and treatment by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	304-318	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	32-38
12783886-6	2003	However, the warmth-evoked responses we observe most closely resemble those mediated by recombinant TRPV4 on the basis of their electrophysiological properties and sensitivity to osmolarity and the phorbol ester, 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Mus musculus	100-105
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	99-103
12801933-8	2003	Similarly, activation of the MEK/ERK pathway in LY-as cells by phorbol ester led to Bcl-2 expression that could be blocked by PD 98059.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	midkine	Mus musculus	29-32
12801933-8	2003	Similarly, activation of the MEK/ERK pathway in LY-as cells by phorbol ester led to Bcl-2 expression that could be blocked by PD 98059.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	33-36
12902478-3	2003	We now report that direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester PMA in the BCR-ABL(+) CML cell line K562 and primary CML blasts induced nonterminal differentiation into cells with typical DC morphology (cytoplasmic dendrites), characteristic surface markers (MHC class I, MHC class II, CD86, CD40), chemokine and transcription factor expression, and ability to stimulate T cell proliferation (equivalent to normal monocyte-derived DC).	Phorbol Esters	70-83	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	95-102
12815279-9	2003	The phorbol ester PMA activated a MEK-dependent pathway to block caspase-3 processing and cell death.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	34-37
12815279-9	2003	The phorbol ester PMA activated a MEK-dependent pathway to block caspase-3 processing and cell death.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	65-74
15090250-3	2003	Treatment of anergic Jurkat cells with the combination of the phorbol ester, PMA, and ionomycin restored IL-2 production in cells rendered anergic by both mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
12801933-8	2003	Similarly, activation of the MEK/ERK pathway in LY-as cells by phorbol ester led to Bcl-2 expression that could be blocked by PD 98059.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	84-89
12730099-1	2003	Members of the RasGRP family of Ras activators have C1 domains that bind diacylglycerol (DAG) and DAG analogs such as the tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	15-21
12907607-6	2003	In the study described in the present report, we found that ursolic acid suppressed NF-kappaB activation induced by various carcinogens including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), phorbol ester, okadaic acid, H(2)O(2), and cigarette smoke.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	84-93
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	104-108
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	121-125
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Mus musculus	126-130
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	174-178
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	179-183
12881422-3	2003	However, the phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF-induced phosphorylation of Ser63 and Ser73 is mediated by ERK1/ERK2, as well as JNK1/JNK2, in fibroblasts from wild-type mice and by ERK1/ERK2 alone in fibroblasts from JNK-deficient mice.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	121-124
12882798-2	2003	The purpose of this study was to characterize effects of cytokines, a phorbol ester, and prostanoids on the expression of MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and -2 in cultured human TM cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	122-143
12851698-5	2003	Furthermore, NAMI-A through modulation of PKC activity has been proved capable of reducing the phorbol ester induced expression of ornithine decarboxilase (ODC) gene and to abrogate the activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	42-45
12851698-5	2003	Furthermore, NAMI-A through modulation of PKC activity has been proved capable of reducing the phorbol ester induced expression of ornithine decarboxilase (ODC) gene and to abrogate the activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	131-154
12851698-5	2003	Furthermore, NAMI-A through modulation of PKC activity has been proved capable of reducing the phorbol ester induced expression of ornithine decarboxilase (ODC) gene and to abrogate the activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	156-159
12851698-5	2003	Furthermore, NAMI-A through modulation of PKC activity has been proved capable of reducing the phorbol ester induced expression of ornithine decarboxilase (ODC) gene and to abrogate the activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	212-215
12882798-2	2003	The purpose of this study was to characterize effects of cytokines, a phorbol ester, and prostanoids on the expression of MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and -2 in cultured human TM cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	148-203
12887687-0	2003	Phorbol ester induces CYP2E1 in astrocytes, through a protein kinase C- and tyrosine kinase-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	22-28
12859677-8	2003	Down-regulation of PKCdelta with chronic phorbol ester treatment did not block rottlerin-mediated inhibition of transport activity.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	19-27
12811828-1	2003	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 monocytic cells, tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNFalpha) synthesis and secretion are increased, which contributes to the autocrine regulation of TNFalpha-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	71-97
12811828-1	2003	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 monocytic cells, tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNFalpha) synthesis and secretion are increased, which contributes to the autocrine regulation of TNFalpha-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-107
12811828-1	2003	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 monocytic cells, tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNFalpha) synthesis and secretion are increased, which contributes to the autocrine regulation of TNFalpha-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	197-205
12811828-2	2003	We investigated how, during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, the secreted TNFalpha modulated plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1) and gelatinase B (MMP-9) syntheses, two proteins involved in pericellular proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	95-103
12811828-2	2003	We investigated how, during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, the secreted TNFalpha modulated plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1) and gelatinase B (MMP-9) syntheses, two proteins involved in pericellular proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	154-159
12811828-2	2003	We investigated how, during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, the secreted TNFalpha modulated plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1) and gelatinase B (MMP-9) syntheses, two proteins involved in pericellular proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	179-184
12887687-6	2003	It is suggested that CYP2E1, together with interleukin-6 and ciliary neurotrophic factor, is part of a response of astrocytes to cellular stress elicited by, e.g. cerebral injury, cytokines or phorbol ester, and mediated in part through protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	21-27
12887687-6	2003	It is suggested that CYP2E1, together with interleukin-6 and ciliary neurotrophic factor, is part of a response of astrocytes to cellular stress elicited by, e.g. cerebral injury, cytokines or phorbol ester, and mediated in part through protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	43-88
12962141-0	2003	Phorbol esters induce translocation of the nPKC p105 to membrane in mussel hemocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	48-52
14606968-5	2003	When Meg-01 cells were cultured for 7-9 d in a medium to which the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (PMA; 10 nM) or TPO (100 ng/ml) had been added, the responses of the cells to ADP increased to about 150% of the control with PMA and to about 200% of the control value with TPO.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	thrombopoietin	Homo sapiens	286-289
14606968-7	2003	These results suggest that phorbol ester and TPO cause cellular differentiation of Meg-01 cells and enhance the level of expression of P2X(1)-receptors on cell membranes in a synergetic manner.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4	Homo sapiens	83-86
14606968-7	2003	These results suggest that phorbol ester and TPO cause cellular differentiation of Meg-01 cells and enhance the level of expression of P2X(1)-receptors on cell membranes in a synergetic manner.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	purinergic receptor P2X 1	Homo sapiens	135-141
12734388-3	2003	Direct activation of PKC by treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DOG) desensitized CRF1 receptors in Y79 cells, reducing the maximum for CRF- (but not forskolin)-stimulated cAMP accumulation by 56.3 +/- 1.2% and 40.4 +/- 2.1%, respectively (p < 0.001).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	21-24
12734388-3	2003	Direct activation of PKC by treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DOG) desensitized CRF1 receptors in Y79 cells, reducing the maximum for CRF- (but not forskolin)-stimulated cAMP accumulation by 56.3 +/- 1.2% and 40.4 +/- 2.1%, respectively (p < 0.001).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1	Homo sapiens	148-152
12724311-2	2003	In this study, we demonstrate that currents through the osmo-, heat- and phorbol ester-sensitive, Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel TRPV4 are potentiated by intracellular Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	141-146
12818356-0	2003	CD69 expression induced by thapsigargin, phorbol ester and ouabain on thymocytes is dependent on external Ca2+ entry.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	CD69 antigen	Mus musculus	0-4
12746456-5	2003	Phorbol esters or amphetamine induced the endocytosis of YFP/CFP-DAT to early and recycling endosomes, identified by Rab5, Rab11, Hrs and EEA.1 proteins.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	65-68
12746456-5	2003	Phorbol esters or amphetamine induced the endocytosis of YFP/CFP-DAT to early and recycling endosomes, identified by Rab5, Rab11, Hrs and EEA.1 proteins.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	117-121
12746456-5	2003	Phorbol esters or amphetamine induced the endocytosis of YFP/CFP-DAT to early and recycling endosomes, identified by Rab5, Rab11, Hrs and EEA.1 proteins.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-128
12746456-5	2003	Phorbol esters or amphetamine induced the endocytosis of YFP/CFP-DAT to early and recycling endosomes, identified by Rab5, Rab11, Hrs and EEA.1 proteins.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	early endosome antigen 1	Homo sapiens	138-143
12877980-7	2003	Furthermore, selected clones were subjected to 72 h long-term treatments with retinoic acid and phorbol ester (TPA), two biochemicals known to stimulate differentiation of non-transfected SH-SY5Y cells and other neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	111-114
12738791-0	2003	Temperature-modulated diversity of TRPV4 channel gating: activation by physical stresses and phorbol ester derivatives through protein kinase C-dependent and -independent pathways.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	35-40
12724311-3	2003	Spontaneous TRPV4 currents and currents stimulated by hypotonic solutions or phorbol esters were reduced strongly at all potentials in the absence of extracellular Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	12-17
12724311-6	2003	During TRPV4 activation by hypotonic solutions or phorbol esters, Ca2+ entry through the channel increased the rate and extent of channel activation.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	7-12
12724315-4	2003	Because PKC inhibitors can have multiple substrates and given that non-PKC-phorbol ester-binding signaling molecules have been demonstrated to play important roles, the precise involvement of PKC in cellular functions requires re-evaluation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	71-74
12724315-4	2003	Because PKC inhibitors can have multiple substrates and given that non-PKC-phorbol ester-binding signaling molecules have been demonstrated to play important roles, the precise involvement of PKC in cellular functions requires re-evaluation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	71-74
12828563-5	2003	Vdelta1-Calpha+ T-cell clones spontaneously secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and were further induced to release tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) when triggered by anti-CD3 plus phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	141-150
12829172-6	2003	RESULTS: Application of the phorbol ester PMA, an unspecific protein kinase activator, shifted the voltage dependence of HERG activation towards more positive potentials.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	121-125
12842914-7	2003	Furthermore, PKC delta formed a complex with Dishevelled, and the activation of PKC delta by phorbol ester was sufficient for Dishevelled translocation and JNK activation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C delta S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	13-22
12842914-7	2003	Furthermore, PKC delta formed a complex with Dishevelled, and the activation of PKC delta by phorbol ester was sufficient for Dishevelled translocation and JNK activation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C delta S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	80-89
12842914-7	2003	Furthermore, PKC delta formed a complex with Dishevelled, and the activation of PKC delta by phorbol ester was sufficient for Dishevelled translocation and JNK activation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	156-159
12818573-8	2003	The MEF2-responsive promoter showed high basal expression in both myocytes and fibroblasts, and minimal induction by phorbol esters and forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	myocyte enhancer factor 2A	Homo sapiens	4-8
12805425-12	2003	(vii) Prestimulation of NF-kappaB by the addition of a phorbol ester prevented HSV-1(vBSdelta27)-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	24-33
12850286-0	2003	Regulation of hemopexin transcription by calcium ionophores and phorbol ester in hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	hemopexin	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
12788225-1	2003	To study the signaling pathway involved in the regulation of galectin-3 expression we used phorbol ester to stimulate macrophage differentiation of THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	galectin 3	Homo sapiens	61-71
12682063-7	2003	In contrast, phorbol ester-mediated PKC activation accelerated DAT endocytosis and attenuated transporter recycling in a manner sensitive to DAT expression levels.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
12794121-2	2003	However, CD3gamma is believed to be crucial for constitutive as well as for phorbol ester-induced internalization.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complex	Homo sapiens	9-17
12676934-6	2003	Catalytically inactive PKK mutants that block phorbol ester-induced NFkappaB activation do not interfere with, but unexpectedly enhance, the activation of NFkappaB by these two mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	23-26
12676934-6	2003	Catalytically inactive PKK mutants that block phorbol ester-induced NFkappaB activation do not interfere with, but unexpectedly enhance, the activation of NFkappaB by these two mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	68-76
12682063-7	2003	In contrast, phorbol ester-mediated PKC activation accelerated DAT endocytosis and attenuated transporter recycling in a manner sensitive to DAT expression levels.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
12812995-5	2003	3 Several isoforms of PKC can be detected in CHO-A1 cells (alpha, delta, epsilon, micro, iota, zeta), but only PKC alpha, PKC delta and PKC were downregulated by prolonged treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	22-25
12809530-2	2003	We have developed a series of 4,4-disubstituted-gamma-butyrolactones, which contain a constrained glycerol backbone (DAG-lactones) and behave as potent and selective activating ligands of PK-C with affinities that approach those of the structurally complex natural product agonists, such as the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	295-309	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	188-192
12697837-1	2003	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradeconylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activate protein kinase C, increase Connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	101-111
12825835-9	2003	The phorbol ester PMA also activated PKC and protected the cells from TNFalpha-induced cell death.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	37-40
12825835-9	2003	The phorbol ester PMA also activated PKC and protected the cells from TNFalpha-induced cell death.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	70-78
12755693-0	2003	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme is processed by proprotein-convertases to its mature form which is degraded upon phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	0-45
12755693-4	2003	This maturation is negatively influenced by the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), which decreases the cellular amount of the mature form of TACE in PMA-treated HEK293 and SH-SY5Y cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	159-163
12755693-9	2003	Our results indicate that the activation of TACE by the proprotein-convertases PC7 and furin is very similar to the maturation of ADAM10 although there is a significant difference in the cellular stability of the mature enzyme forms after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	239-252	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	44-48
12755693-9	2003	Our results indicate that the activation of TACE by the proprotein-convertases PC7 and furin is very similar to the maturation of ADAM10 although there is a significant difference in the cellular stability of the mature enzyme forms after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	239-252	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7	Homo sapiens	79-82
12755693-9	2003	Our results indicate that the activation of TACE by the proprotein-convertases PC7 and furin is very similar to the maturation of ADAM10 although there is a significant difference in the cellular stability of the mature enzyme forms after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	239-252	furin, paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme	Homo sapiens	87-92
12765200-0	2003	Suppression of IL-8 gene transcription by resveratrol in phorbol ester treated human monocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	15-19
12697837-1	2003	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradeconylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activate protein kinase C, increase Connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
12759450-4	2003	Expression of a dominant negative PKC delta mutant (PKC delta-KR) or pretreatment of cells with rottlerin, a chemical PKC delta inhibitor, attenuated TNF-alpha- and phorbol ester-induced transcription from the IL-8 promoter.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	34-43
12759450-4	2003	Expression of a dominant negative PKC delta mutant (PKC delta-KR) or pretreatment of cells with rottlerin, a chemical PKC delta inhibitor, attenuated TNF-alpha- and phorbol ester-induced transcription from the IL-8 promoter.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	52-61
12759450-4	2003	Expression of a dominant negative PKC delta mutant (PKC delta-KR) or pretreatment of cells with rottlerin, a chemical PKC delta inhibitor, attenuated TNF-alpha- and phorbol ester-induced transcription from the IL-8 promoter.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	52-61
12759450-4	2003	Expression of a dominant negative PKC delta mutant (PKC delta-KR) or pretreatment of cells with rottlerin, a chemical PKC delta inhibitor, attenuated TNF-alpha- and phorbol ester-induced transcription from the IL-8 promoter.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	210-214
12759452-1	2003	Tumor promoters such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) are proinflammatory agents, and their mechanism of action in epithelial carcinogenesis has been linked to the release of IL-1 alpha and the induction of chronic inflammation in skin.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	206-216
12790799-0	2003	Fatty acid and phorbol ester-mediated interference of mitogenic signaling via novel protein kinase C isoforms in pancreatic beta-cells (INS-1).	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	84-100
12787062-0	2003	c-Fos is essential for the response of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene to depolarization or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
12787062-0	2003	c-Fos is essential for the response of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene to depolarization or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	43-63
12790799-5	2003	To further investigate whether conventional or novel PKC isoforms adversely affect beta-cell proliferation, the effect of phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA)-mediated activation of these PKC isoforms on glucose/IGF-I-induced INS-1 cell mitogenesis, and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-mediated signal transduction was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	204-207
12790799-0	2003	Fatty acid and phorbol ester-mediated interference of mitogenic signaling via novel protein kinase C isoforms in pancreatic beta-cells (INS-1).	Phorbol Esters	15-28	insulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	136-141
12654926-4	2003	Inhibition of Erk in transgenic keratinocytes reduced basal IL-1alpha levels and the stimulation of IL-1alpha production by serum or phorbol ester, demonstrating that Erk could regulate IL-1alpha expression.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	14-17
12892899-7	2003	In in vitro cultures of primary endometrial epithelial cells, HBD3 mRNA expression is upregulated by treatment with inflammatory molecules including IL-1 beta+TNF alpha, IFN gamma and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	defensin beta 103B	Homo sapiens	62-66
12825869-6	2003	Function was evaluated by measuring IL-10 secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	36-41
12745080-1	2003	In isolated rat pancreatic acini, protein expression of RhoA and Rho-associated kinase, ROCK-II, and the formation of immunocomplex of RhoA with ROCK-II were enhanced by CCK-8, carbachol, and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	56-60
12745080-1	2003	In isolated rat pancreatic acini, protein expression of RhoA and Rho-associated kinase, ROCK-II, and the formation of immunocomplex of RhoA with ROCK-II were enhanced by CCK-8, carbachol, and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	135-139
12745080-1	2003	In isolated rat pancreatic acini, protein expression of RhoA and Rho-associated kinase, ROCK-II, and the formation of immunocomplex of RhoA with ROCK-II were enhanced by CCK-8, carbachol, and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	145-152
12745080-1	2003	In isolated rat pancreatic acini, protein expression of RhoA and Rho-associated kinase, ROCK-II, and the formation of immunocomplex of RhoA with ROCK-II were enhanced by CCK-8, carbachol, and the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
12654926-4	2003	Inhibition of Erk in transgenic keratinocytes reduced basal IL-1alpha levels and the stimulation of IL-1alpha production by serum or phorbol ester, demonstrating that Erk could regulate IL-1alpha expression.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	100-109
12654926-4	2003	Inhibition of Erk in transgenic keratinocytes reduced basal IL-1alpha levels and the stimulation of IL-1alpha production by serum or phorbol ester, demonstrating that Erk could regulate IL-1alpha expression.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	100-109
12657634-7	2003	However, the presence of these complexes increased following stimulation with phorbolesters or lipopolysaccharide or by overexpression of constitutively active IKKbeta.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta	Mus musculus	160-167
12621060-1	2003	DGKgamma and DGKbeta are new targets of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	diacylglycerol kinase, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
12621060-7	2003	Scatchard analysis of rat-DGKgamma-C1A, human-DGKgamma-C1A, and human-DGKbeta-C1A gave K(d) values of 3.6, 2.8, and 14.6 nm, respectively, suggesting that DGKgamma and DGKbeta are new targets of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	diacylglycerol kinase, beta	Rattus norvegicus	70-77
12732202-4	2003	Interestingly, the overexpression of wild-type or constitutively active DGKgamma, but not its kinase-dead mutant, markedly inhibited phorbol ester-induced cell attachment and nonspecific esterase activity, which are hallmarks of macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	diacylglycerol kinase gamma	Homo sapiens	72-80
12732202-6	2003	Prior to the cell attachment, phorbol ester induced translocation of DGKgamma from the cytoplasm to the cell periphery, resulting in its co-localization with F-actin together with protein kinase Cdelta.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	diacylglycerol kinase gamma	Homo sapiens	69-77
12621060-1	2003	DGKgamma and DGKbeta are new targets of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	diacylglycerol kinase, beta	Rattus norvegicus	13-20
12621060-7	2003	Scatchard analysis of rat-DGKgamma-C1A, human-DGKgamma-C1A, and human-DGKbeta-C1A gave K(d) values of 3.6, 2.8, and 14.6 nm, respectively, suggesting that DGKgamma and DGKbeta are new targets of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	diacylglycerol kinase, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	46-54
12621060-7	2003	Scatchard analysis of rat-DGKgamma-C1A, human-DGKgamma-C1A, and human-DGKbeta-C1A gave K(d) values of 3.6, 2.8, and 14.6 nm, respectively, suggesting that DGKgamma and DGKbeta are new targets of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	diacylglycerol kinase, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	26-34
12621060-7	2003	Scatchard analysis of rat-DGKgamma-C1A, human-DGKgamma-C1A, and human-DGKbeta-C1A gave K(d) values of 3.6, 2.8, and 14.6 nm, respectively, suggesting that DGKgamma and DGKbeta are new targets of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	diacylglycerol kinase, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	46-54
12737946-2	2003	CLL B lymphocytes transform (mature) to a plasmacytic phenotype with loss of CD19 and CD20 and the appearance of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin when treated in vitro with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	167-181	CD19 molecule	Homo sapiens	77-81
12729920-1	2003	In this report, we demonstrate that NADPH oxidase is activated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) differentiated with phorbol ester (PMA) and that physiological concentration of 17beta-estradiol inhibits NADPH oxidase activity in THP-1 cells stimulated with TNF-alpha plus IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	66-93
12729920-1	2003	In this report, we demonstrate that NADPH oxidase is activated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) differentiated with phorbol ester (PMA) and that physiological concentration of 17beta-estradiol inhibits NADPH oxidase activity in THP-1 cells stimulated with TNF-alpha plus IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	95-104
12729920-1	2003	In this report, we demonstrate that NADPH oxidase is activated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) differentiated with phorbol ester (PMA) and that physiological concentration of 17beta-estradiol inhibits NADPH oxidase activity in THP-1 cells stimulated with TNF-alpha plus IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	111-127
12729920-1	2003	In this report, we demonstrate that NADPH oxidase is activated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) differentiated with phorbol ester (PMA) and that physiological concentration of 17beta-estradiol inhibits NADPH oxidase activity in THP-1 cells stimulated with TNF-alpha plus IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	129-138
12727210-2	2003	Moreover, it has been reported that the transcription factors involved in p21(WAF-1) activation by certain signaling factors, like the phorbol ester TPA, may vary in different cell types.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	74-77
12727210-2	2003	Moreover, it has been reported that the transcription factors involved in p21(WAF-1) activation by certain signaling factors, like the phorbol ester TPA, may vary in different cell types.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	78-83
12771945-4	2003	Block of PKC activity by bisindolylmaleimide or chronic phorbol esters treatment decreased EGF-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation of E/R, while it caused a similarly sized increase of EGF-induced E/R tyrosine kinase activity and mitogenic signaling.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	9-12
12771945-5	2003	Conversely, acute phorbol esters treatment, which promotes PKC activity, increased the levels of E/R serine/threonine phosphorylation and significantly decreased its phosphotyrosine content.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	59-62
12711314-6	2003	The findings suggest a molecular mechanism by which TZD-treatment reduces specifically high glucose-induced, c-Fos-mediated gene activation, since phorbol ester-induced c-Fos mRNA and protein expression and subsequent elevation of TGF-beta1 mRNA expression were not prevented by TZDs.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	109-114
12711314-6	2003	The findings suggest a molecular mechanism by which TZD-treatment reduces specifically high glucose-induced, c-Fos-mediated gene activation, since phorbol ester-induced c-Fos mRNA and protein expression and subsequent elevation of TGF-beta1 mRNA expression were not prevented by TZDs.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	169-174
12770946-2	2003	In the present study, we have examined the contribution of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms to the phorbol ester-induced inhibition of tension in rat uterine smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
12737946-2	2003	CLL B lymphocytes transform (mature) to a plasmacytic phenotype with loss of CD19 and CD20 and the appearance of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin when treated in vitro with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	167-181	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	86-90
12914753-6	2003	In contrast, the phorbol esters, PdBu or PMA had little effect on CXCR6 expression (23% reduction) but induced CD69 expression and caused a profound down-regulation (92%) of CCR5 expression.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	111-115
12639717-3	2003	(2) The activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester completely abolished the TNF-induced cell death.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	tumor necrosis factor	Bos taurus	87-90
12765694-2	2003	The phorbol ester 4alphaPDD transiently activated a current through TRPV4 in the presence of extracellular Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	68-73
12914753-6	2003	In contrast, the phorbol esters, PdBu or PMA had little effect on CXCR6 expression (23% reduction) but induced CD69 expression and caused a profound down-regulation (92%) of CCR5 expression.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Homo sapiens	174-178
14668059-0	2003	Phorbol esters alter alpha4 and alphad integrin usage during eosinophil adhesion to VCAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	immunoglobulin binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	21-27
14668059-0	2003	Phorbol esters alter alpha4 and alphad integrin usage during eosinophil adhesion to VCAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	84-90
12594205-7	2003	Overexpression of full-length SCOP markedly down-regulated ERK1/ERK2 activation induced by depolarization or phorbol ester stimulation, and this inhibitory effect of overexpressed SCOP was dependent on its LRR domain.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
12856808-3	2003	Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the effect of forskolin was attenuated by the addition of phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), an activator of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, whereas TPA on its own slightly reduced the basal level of 11betaHSD2 expression judging from the content of specific mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 2	Rattus norvegicus	260-270
12856808-5	2003	Phorbol ester TPA markedly reduced the effect of forskolin on the synthesis of 11betaHSD2 and attenuated the basal level of synthesis of this protein.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 2	Rattus norvegicus	79-89
12684678-0	2003	Inactive caspase 3 activates Akt in human leukemia cells susceptible or resistant to apoptosis induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	9-18
12684678-0	2003	Inactive caspase 3 activates Akt in human leukemia cells susceptible or resistant to apoptosis induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
12590138-0	2003	Distinct protein kinase C isoforms mediate regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by A2A adenosine receptor activation and phorbol esters in pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	57-91
12590138-13	2003	Together, the findings suggest that phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of VEGF mRNA occurs as a result of a reduction of PKCepsilon activity, whereas that mediated by the A(2A)AR occurs following deactivation of PKCzeta.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
12594205-7	2003	Overexpression of full-length SCOP markedly down-regulated ERK1/ERK2 activation induced by depolarization or phorbol ester stimulation, and this inhibitory effect of overexpressed SCOP was dependent on its LRR domain.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	mitogen activated protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
12594205-7	2003	Overexpression of full-length SCOP markedly down-regulated ERK1/ERK2 activation induced by depolarization or phorbol ester stimulation, and this inhibitory effect of overexpressed SCOP was dependent on its LRR domain.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1	Rattus norvegicus	180-184
12594205-7	2003	Overexpression of full-length SCOP markedly down-regulated ERK1/ERK2 activation induced by depolarization or phorbol ester stimulation, and this inhibitory effect of overexpressed SCOP was dependent on its LRR domain.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
12682249-9	2003	Cell activation with phorbol ester, and interestingly, through the TCR-CD3 complex, caused beta(7) integrin binding to VCAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	119-125
12651162-8	2003	HEK293 cells stably overexpressing Trespin display increased cell proliferation and partial resistance to growth inhibition and phosphorylation of c-Jun induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	168-181	serpin family B member 10	Rattus norvegicus	35-42
12609966-10	2003	Expression of ABIN-2 deletion mutants in endothelial cells suppressed the ability of angiopoietin-1 to inhibit phorbol ester-stimulated NF-kappaB-dependent reporter gene activity.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	TNFAIP3 interacting protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-20
12609966-10	2003	Expression of ABIN-2 deletion mutants in endothelial cells suppressed the ability of angiopoietin-1 to inhibit phorbol ester-stimulated NF-kappaB-dependent reporter gene activity.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	85-99
12711617-4	2003	We then discuss the evidence that the most important nerve terminal receptor for phorbol esters (and their endogenous counterpart diacylglycerol) is likely to be Munc13.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	unc-13 homolog B	Homo sapiens	162-168
12765533-0	2003	Phorbol ester stimulates expression of the human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase gene.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	49-77
12765533-1	2003	The effect of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on expression of the human interferon (IFN)-inducible tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WRS) gene was studied.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	124-152
12765533-1	2003	The effect of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on expression of the human interferon (IFN)-inducible tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WRS) gene was studied.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
12651162-8	2003	HEK293 cells stably overexpressing Trespin display increased cell proliferation and partial resistance to growth inhibition and phosphorylation of c-Jun induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	168-181	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	147-152
12648214-12	2003	Keratinocyte caveolin-1 mRNA expression is not induced by an increase in medium calcium level and is markedly reduced by phorbol-ester-mediated protein kinase C induction.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	13-23
12668733-5	2003	The NPo in cell-attached patches was not modified when tubules were preincubated in the presence of 10-5 M forskolin, but the channel was inhibited by phorbol ester (10-6 M).	Phorbol Esters	151-164	RNA binding motif protein 19	Mus musculus	4-7
12778364-8	2003	ESM-1 expression in human adipocytes was stimulated by phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, and by retinoic acid, an activator of nuclear receptors.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	endothelial cell specific molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
12627962-1	2003	Extracellular regulated protein kinase 2 (ERK2) is a eukaryotic protein kinase whose activity is regulated by phorbol esters, serum, and growth factors, and displays enhanced activity in several human tumors.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-40
12551910-0	2003	Combined action of ERK and NF kappa B mediates the protective effect of phorbol ester on Fas-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
12551910-0	2003	Combined action of ERK and NF kappa B mediates the protective effect of phorbol ester on Fas-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	27-37
12525489-5	2003	Here, we (i) investigate the mechanism(s) by which TGF-beta1 induces expression of the Timp-1 gene and (ii) compare this with TGF-beta1 repression of phorbol ester-induced MMP-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	126-135
12525489-5	2003	Here, we (i) investigate the mechanism(s) by which TGF-beta1 induces expression of the Timp-1 gene and (ii) compare this with TGF-beta1 repression of phorbol ester-induced MMP-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	172-177
12627962-1	2003	Extracellular regulated protein kinase 2 (ERK2) is a eukaryotic protein kinase whose activity is regulated by phorbol esters, serum, and growth factors, and displays enhanced activity in several human tumors.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
12562894-6	2003	The hormonal effects also became irreversible in cells in which PKC activity was selectively impaired with GF109203X, Go6976 or long-term incubation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
12649167-4	2003	Cells expressing wild-type PLS3 became apoptotic on phorbol ester stimulation, whereas the control cells did not.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	phospholipid scramblase 3	Homo sapiens	27-31
12614163-6	2003	Luc activity in Hep G2 cells transfected with pIRCE-Luc was stimulated by insulin, an insulin mimetic bisperoxo (1,10-phenanthroline) oxovanadate (bpv) and the phorbol ester (PDBu).	Phorbol Esters	160-173	insulin	Homo sapiens	74-81
12633861-4	2003	Immunohistochemical staining of cells using isoform-specific antibodies further demonstrated translocation of the phorbol ester-sensitive isoforms, PKCalpha and PKCepsilon, to both the plasma membrane and perinuclear sites, reflecting potential initial steps in regulation of specific effector pathways.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	148-156
12618297-3	2003	The phorbol ester 4beta-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) induced a concentration-dependent potentiation of synaptic responses in area CA1 that could partially be inhibited by the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
12633861-4	2003	Immunohistochemical staining of cells using isoform-specific antibodies further demonstrated translocation of the phorbol ester-sensitive isoforms, PKCalpha and PKCepsilon, to both the plasma membrane and perinuclear sites, reflecting potential initial steps in regulation of specific effector pathways.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	161-171
12531429-4	2003	Whereas in response to HGF, the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase initiates the rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton, in phorbol ester-treated cells, the activation of this enzyme was not required to the actin polymerisation.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	23-26
12606567-8	2003	However, stimulation of Jurkat cells with phorbol ester results in re-localization of CYTIP to the cytoplasm, and membrane detachment of cytohesin-1 strictly requires co-expression of CYTIP.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	cytohesin 1 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	86-91
12629174-6	2003	Syntaxin 1A binds the NH(2) terminal domain of NET, and a deletion of this domain both eliminates NET/syntaxin 1A associations and prevents phorbol ester-triggered NET downregulation.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	syntaxin 1A	Homo sapiens	0-11
12577305-6	2003	In addition, inhibition of p38 MAP kinase did not alter CD-induced increased expression and activity of PKC alpha, whereas down-regulation of PKC by prolonged exposure of cells to phorbol ester inhibited CD-induced p38 MAP kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	adapter molecule crk	Gallus gallus	215-218
12606037-0	2003	Arfaptin 1 inhibits ADP-ribosylation factor-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion induced by phorbol ester in HT 1080 fibrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	ADP ribosylation factor interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
12600916-8	2003	Phorbol ester caused an increase of COX-2 and endothelial NO synthase expression similar to that elicited by glucose.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	36-41
12606037-0	2003	Arfaptin 1 inhibits ADP-ribosylation factor-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion induced by phorbol ester in HT 1080 fibrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	54-80
12592382-1	2003	The signal pathway mediating induction of p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) during HepG2 growth inhibition triggered by the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) and the Chinese herb Saikosaponin a was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B	Homo sapiens	42-45
12592382-1	2003	The signal pathway mediating induction of p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) during HepG2 growth inhibition triggered by the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) and the Chinese herb Saikosaponin a was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B	Homo sapiens	46-51
12592382-1	2003	The signal pathway mediating induction of p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) during HepG2 growth inhibition triggered by the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) and the Chinese herb Saikosaponin a was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	57-60
12592382-1	2003	The signal pathway mediating induction of p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) during HepG2 growth inhibition triggered by the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) and the Chinese herb Saikosaponin a was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	61-66
12446704-11	2003	The formation of macropinosomes by the treatment of platelet-derived growth factor or phorbol ester was also facilitated by Rah but suppressed by a dominant-negative Rah.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	RAB34, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	166-169
12591731-3	2003	The VEGF promoter is activated by phorbol esters and, in endometrial cells, by estrogen.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	4-8
12464618-0	2003	N-terminal truncation of the dopamine transporter abolishes phorbol ester- and substance P receptor-stimulated phosphorylation without impairing transporter internalization.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	29-49
12446704-11	2003	The formation of macropinosomes by the treatment of platelet-derived growth factor or phorbol ester was also facilitated by Rah but suppressed by a dominant-negative Rah.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	RAB34, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	124-127
12586365-0	2003	Expression of syntaxin 1C, an alternative splice variant of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A, is enhanced by phorbol-ester stimulation in astroglioma: participation of the PKC signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	syntaxin 1A	Homo sapiens	60-65
12586365-0	2003	Expression of syntaxin 1C, an alternative splice variant of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A, is enhanced by phorbol-ester stimulation in astroglioma: participation of the PKC signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	syntaxin 1A	Homo sapiens	66-77
12490536-4	2003	Inhibition of AR attenuated TNF-alpha and hyperglycemia-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC), phosphorylation of the inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and stimulation of NF-kappaB, but it did not prevent the activation of NF-kappaB and PKC by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	274-287	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	14-16
12393539-7	2003	Importantly, inhibition of Rap1 activation by cAMP was also observed when cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, although under these conditions Ras was activated and cells progressed into the cell cycle.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-31
12393539-7	2003	Importantly, inhibition of Rap1 activation by cAMP was also observed when cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, although under these conditions Ras was activated and cells progressed into the cell cycle.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	46-50
12393719-6	2003	Overexpression of ZBP-89 in the monocyte precursor cell line U937 reduced CD11b promoter-driven luciferase activity when U937 cells were induced to differentiate into monocytelike cells using phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	192-206	zinc finger protein 148	Homo sapiens	18-24
12490536-4	2003	Inhibition of AR attenuated TNF-alpha and hyperglycemia-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC), phosphorylation of the inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and stimulation of NF-kappaB, but it did not prevent the activation of NF-kappaB and PKC by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	274-287	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	28-37
12631114-21	2003	The phorbol ester, PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), a PKC activator, mimicked the effect of PTH on chondrocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	60-63
12711004-7	2003	The observation that the phorbol ester TPA sensitizes the Vitamin D(3)-resistant variant to the effects of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) suggests an important role for phosphorylation in dictating sensitivity to Vitamin D(3)-mediated apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	39-42
12610653-5	2003	Cells expressing antisense PKCalpha secrete less sAPPalpha in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	27-35
12433930-2	2003	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is often used to induce AP-1 activity.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	85-89
12628505-0	2003	Inhibitory effects of the ginsenoside Rg3 on phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression, NF-kappaB activation and tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	67-83
12540236-5	2003	The K(i) values measured for the inhibition of phorbol ester binding to PKCalpha are in the nanomolar range and show some correlation with their lipophilicity.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	72-80
12515814-7	2003	Acting as a dominant negative, the COOH terminus of Pyk2 fused to a Tat peptide (Tat-CT), but not other regions of Pyk2, specifically inhibited the respiratory burst of cells responding to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Salmonella, or Listeria, while sparing responses induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	278-291	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	52-56
12527408-3	2003	It was found that the Ca(2+)-dependent activities of membrane-associated PKCalpha induced by either phorbol ester or diacylglycerol were potently inhibited by RV, each with an IC(50) of approximately 2 microM.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	73-81
12527408-5	2003	The inhibition of PKCalpha activity was found to be competitive with respect to phorbol ester concentration but noncompetitive with respect to Ca(2+) and phosphatidylserine concentrations, suggesting that the RV may compete for phorbol ester-binding to the C1 domains.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-26
12527408-5	2003	The inhibition of PKCalpha activity was found to be competitive with respect to phorbol ester concentration but noncompetitive with respect to Ca(2+) and phosphatidylserine concentrations, suggesting that the RV may compete for phorbol ester-binding to the C1 domains.	Phorbol Esters	228-241	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-26
12503081-2	2003	We first tested whether phorbol esters, which activate PKCs, regulate agrin-induced nAChR clustering in C(2)C(12) cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	agrin	Homo sapiens	70-75
12503081-2	2003	We first tested whether phorbol esters, which activate PKCs, regulate agrin-induced nAChR clustering in C(2)C(12) cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	84-89
12503081-3	2003	We found that extended phorbol ester treatment (6 hr) increased nAChR clustering by two-fold.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	64-69
12503081-8	2003	To examine whether nPKC theta activation by phorbol esters regulates agrin-induced nAChR clustering, we treated overexpressing myotubes overnight with maximal agrin concentrations followed by phorbol esters for 1 hr.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	protein kinase C theta	Homo sapiens	19-29
12503081-9	2003	Phorbol ester treatment reduced preexisting nAChR cluster numbers in nPKC theta-GFP compared to GFP-overexpressing myotubes, suggesting that stimulating nPKC theta activity disrupts nAChR clusters in the presence of maximal clustering concentrations of agrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	44-49
12503081-9	2003	Phorbol ester treatment reduced preexisting nAChR cluster numbers in nPKC theta-GFP compared to GFP-overexpressing myotubes, suggesting that stimulating nPKC theta activity disrupts nAChR clusters in the presence of maximal clustering concentrations of agrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C theta	Homo sapiens	69-79
12503081-9	2003	Phorbol ester treatment reduced preexisting nAChR cluster numbers in nPKC theta-GFP compared to GFP-overexpressing myotubes, suggesting that stimulating nPKC theta activity disrupts nAChR clusters in the presence of maximal clustering concentrations of agrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C theta	Homo sapiens	153-163
12503081-9	2003	Phorbol ester treatment reduced preexisting nAChR cluster numbers in nPKC theta-GFP compared to GFP-overexpressing myotubes, suggesting that stimulating nPKC theta activity disrupts nAChR clusters in the presence of maximal clustering concentrations of agrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	182-187
12503081-9	2003	Phorbol ester treatment reduced preexisting nAChR cluster numbers in nPKC theta-GFP compared to GFP-overexpressing myotubes, suggesting that stimulating nPKC theta activity disrupts nAChR clusters in the presence of maximal clustering concentrations of agrin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	agrin	Homo sapiens	253-258
12862494-3	2003	While PPARbeta expression is undetectable in unchallenged and healthy adult interfollicular mouse skin, it is robustly re-activated in stress situations, such as upon phorbol ester treatment, hair plucking and cutaneous wounding.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	6-14
12388064-3	2003	We report here the enzymatic activation and phosphorylation of L-PGDS in response to phorbol ester in cell culture and the direct phosphorylation of recombinant L-PGDS by PKC in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	63-69
12388064-6	2003	Cellular depletion of L-PGDS levels by using an antisense RNA strategy prevented PI3-K inactivation by phorbol ester and inhibited caspase-3 activation and apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	22-28
12388064-7	2003	We conclude that phorbol ester-induced apoptosis is mediated by L-PGDS phosphorylation and activation by PKC and is accompanied by inhibition of the PI3-K/PKB anti-apoptotic signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	64-70
12388064-7	2003	We conclude that phorbol ester-induced apoptosis is mediated by L-PGDS phosphorylation and activation by PKC and is accompanied by inhibition of the PI3-K/PKB anti-apoptotic signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	155-158
14753448-2	2003	The aim of this study was to investigate if astrocytic endfeet are involved in this passage, using a potent activator of Protein Kinase C (phorbol ester) to modify and closing the Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a water channel specific for astrocytic endfoot.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	aquaporin 4	Rattus norvegicus	180-191
14753448-2	2003	The aim of this study was to investigate if astrocytic endfeet are involved in this passage, using a potent activator of Protein Kinase C (phorbol ester) to modify and closing the Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a water channel specific for astrocytic endfoot.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	aquaporin 4	Rattus norvegicus	193-197
12475762-7	2003	The combined application of the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin (1 microg/ml) and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 5 microg/ml) stimulated IFN-gamma production, an effect again reversed by hyperosmolarity.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	157-166
12507899-7	2003	Addition of various cytokines (interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha) or a phorbol ester [12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)] only induced p16, but not p14(ARF).	Phorbol Esters	83-96	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	155-158
12526883-0	2003	Calcium ionophore and phorbol ester increase membrane binding of annexin a7 in alveolar type II cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	annexin A7	Rattus norvegicus	65-75
12401525-3	2003	PLD could also be activated by epinephrine and AlF(4)(-), two polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PPI-PLC) activators, and by the phorbol ester o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) which activates protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	141-154	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	155-194
12469188-3	2003	A human leukemia phorbol ester-resistant subline, K562/TPA, is cross-resistant to some anticancer agents.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	55-58
12661915-7	2003	On the other hand, phorbol ester markedly upregulated GLUT1 mRNA (approximately 8.6-fold).	Phorbol Esters	19-32	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
12661915-8	2003	Batimostat and AG1478 significantly reduced the phorbol ester-induced GLUT1 mRNA expression (approximately 72 and approximately 69% inhibition, respectively).	Phorbol Esters	48-61	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
12813560-0	2003	Syndecan-4 distribution during the differentiation of satellite cells isolated from soleus muscle treated by phorbol ester and calphostin C.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	syndecan 4	Homo sapiens	0-10
12605686-2	2003	While the MARCKS mRNA is long living in quiescent fibroblasts (t1/2 = 14 h), its half-life time is drastically reduced (t1/2 = 2 h) in cells treated with phorbol esters to activate protein kinase C (PKC) or treated with growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	10-16
12605686-8	2003	Overexpression of HuD and HuR in murine fibroblasts caused a striking stabilization of the endogenous MARCKS mRNA even under conditions when the MARCKS mRNA is normally actively degraded, i.e. after treating cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	219-232	ELAV (embryonic lethal, abnormal vision)-like 1 (Hu antigen R)	Mus musculus	26-29
12605686-8	2003	Overexpression of HuD and HuR in murine fibroblasts caused a striking stabilization of the endogenous MARCKS mRNA even under conditions when the MARCKS mRNA is normally actively degraded, i.e. after treating cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	219-232	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	102-108
19649217-7	2003	Both growth factors and phorbol esters have been shown to strongly activate ERK1/2, whereas the activation of JNKs and p38 kinases by these agents is weak.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	76-82
12481256-7	2003	The phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B and its downstream target, forkhead protein, was highly up-regulated by hypoxia, and cells exposed to transient periods of hypoxia became significantly less sensitive to an apoptotic stimulus (exposure to phorbol ester) when compared with normoxic cells.	Phorbol Esters	249-262	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
12757023-7	2003	One of the mechanisms by which retinoids inhibit promotion of mouse skin tumor formation involves their property to inhibit the induction of ornithine decarboxylase by the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	141-164
12747235-7	2003	In addition, CD14 independent upregulation of CD11b in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), N-formyl peptides (FMLP) and phorbol ester (PMA) was impaired.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	13-17
12747235-7	2003	In addition, CD14 independent upregulation of CD11b in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), N-formyl peptides (FMLP) and phorbol ester (PMA) was impaired.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	46-51
15068390-5	2003	The PCR data perfectly matched the results obtained by Northern blot or gene reporter analysis when Jurkat leukemic T cells or HeLa carcinoma cells were stimulated with various activators of NF-kappa B, such as the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha or the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	265-278	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	191-201
12795056-3	2003	In our recent findings we observed that the antagonists of angiogenesis also inhibited the endogenous as well as phorbol-ester-mediated induction of COX-2 expression in human lung cancer cell lines and that in the xenograft model a combination of angiogenic antagonists and radiation significantly delayed tumor growth [ASCO 2002, Vol.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	149-154
12767262-1	2003	Activated by bacterial peptides, phorbol esters, calcium ionophores and other agonists, neutrophils (PMNs) release the proinflammatory mediator, arachidonic acid (AA) via the intervention of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)).	Phorbol Esters	33-47	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	191-209
12481256-7	2003	The phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B and its downstream target, forkhead protein, was highly up-regulated by hypoxia, and cells exposed to transient periods of hypoxia became significantly less sensitive to an apoptotic stimulus (exposure to phorbol ester) when compared with normoxic cells.	Phorbol Esters	249-262	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	27-43
12403792-4	2002	In cell culture studies, stimuli such as phorbol ester, platelet-derived growth factor, or serum induce GHR proteolysis, which concomitantly yields shed GHBP in cell supernatants and a cell-associated cytoplasmic domain-containing GHR remnant.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	growth hormone receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	104-107
12403792-4	2002	In cell culture studies, stimuli such as phorbol ester, platelet-derived growth factor, or serum induce GHR proteolysis, which concomitantly yields shed GHBP in cell supernatants and a cell-associated cytoplasmic domain-containing GHR remnant.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	growth hormone receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	231-234
12431783-5	2002	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells, both Pim-1 and p21 expression levels increase with Pim-1 levels increasing in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while p21 remains primarily cytoplasmic.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	65-70
12431783-5	2002	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells, both Pim-1 and p21 expression levels increase with Pim-1 levels increasing in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while p21 remains primarily cytoplasmic.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	75-78
12431783-5	2002	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells, both Pim-1 and p21 expression levels increase with Pim-1 levels increasing in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while p21 remains primarily cytoplasmic.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	111-116
12431783-5	2002	During phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells, both Pim-1 and p21 expression levels increase with Pim-1 levels increasing in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while p21 remains primarily cytoplasmic.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	175-178
12452835-0	2002	The scavenger receptor, cysteine-rich domain-containing molecule gp-340 is differentially regulated in epithelial cell lines by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	deleted in malignant brain tumors 1	Homo sapiens	65-71
12445825-2	2002	Scatter factor (SF)/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, induce cell spreading, followed by cell-cell dissociation and cell scattering, in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	hepatocyte growth factor	Canis lupus familiaris	0-14
12445825-2	2002	Scatter factor (SF)/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, induce cell spreading, followed by cell-cell dissociation and cell scattering, in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	hepatocyte growth factor	Canis lupus familiaris	16-18
12445825-2	2002	Scatter factor (SF)/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, induce cell spreading, followed by cell-cell dissociation and cell scattering, in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	hepatocyte growth factor	Canis lupus familiaris	20-44
12445825-2	2002	Scatter factor (SF)/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, induce cell spreading, followed by cell-cell dissociation and cell scattering, in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	hepatocyte growth factor	Canis lupus familiaris	46-49
12585691-2	2002	Previous studies have shown that phorbol esters induce protein kinase C (PKC) mediated phosphorylation of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and change its interaction with vesamicol.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	solute carrier family 18 member A3	Gallus gallus	147-152
12414987-6	2002	RasGRP1 (in Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling) and Munc13-1 (in neurotransmitter secretion) are examples of non-PKC diacylglycerol/phorbol-ester receptors that mediate diacylglycerol and phorbol-ester effects originally thought to be caused by PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
12473185-1	2002	Protein kinase C (PKC)-epsilon was first discovered among novel PKC isotypes by cDNA cloning, and characterized as a calcium-independent but phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-sensitive serine/threonine kinase.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-30
12473185-1	2002	Protein kinase C (PKC)-epsilon was first discovered among novel PKC isotypes by cDNA cloning, and characterized as a calcium-independent but phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-sensitive serine/threonine kinase.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	18-21
12414987-6	2002	RasGRP1 (in Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling) and Munc13-1 (in neurotransmitter secretion) are examples of non-PKC diacylglycerol/phorbol-ester receptors that mediate diacylglycerol and phorbol-ester effects originally thought to be caused by PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	16-19
12384982-3	2002	Treatment with an antisense oligonucleotide against cPLA(2)alpha decreased [(3)H]AA release induced by ionophore A23187 or by a phorbol ester but did not affect the release of [(3)H]AA, [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, or Caco-2 growth induced by fetal calf serum (FCS).	Phorbol Esters	128-141	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	52-64
12414987-6	2002	RasGRP1 (in Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling) and Munc13-1 (in neurotransmitter secretion) are examples of non-PKC diacylglycerol/phorbol-ester receptors that mediate diacylglycerol and phorbol-ester effects originally thought to be caused by PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	20-23
12414987-6	2002	RasGRP1 (in Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling) and Munc13-1 (in neurotransmitter secretion) are examples of non-PKC diacylglycerol/phorbol-ester receptors that mediate diacylglycerol and phorbol-ester effects originally thought to be caused by PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
12414987-6	2002	RasGRP1 (in Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling) and Munc13-1 (in neurotransmitter secretion) are examples of non-PKC diacylglycerol/phorbol-ester receptors that mediate diacylglycerol and phorbol-ester effects originally thought to be caused by PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	44-52
12364323-8	2002	By contrast, in endothelial cells in which integrins are activated by phorbol ester or vascular endothelial growth factor, CYR61-promoted cell adhesion, migration, survival, growth factor-induced mitogenesis, and endothelial tubule formation are all mediated through integrin alpha(v)beta(3).	Phorbol Esters	70-83	cellular communication network factor 1	Homo sapiens	123-128
12456804-0	2002	Role of specific protein kinase C isozymes in mediating epidermal growth factor, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and phorbol ester regulation of the rat prolactin promoter in GH4/GH4C1 pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	152-161
12606821-5	2002	RESULTS: We observed that farnesyl protein transferase inhibition abrogated activation of p38 MAP kinase by LPS, CSF-1, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	90-93
12606821-7	2002	Finally, stimulation of p42/p44 MAP kinase with CSF-1 was strongly reduced by farnesyl protein transferase inhibition, whereas activation of p42/p44 MAP kinase by phorbol ester was only slightly effected.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	141-144
12606821-7	2002	Finally, stimulation of p42/p44 MAP kinase with CSF-1 was strongly reduced by farnesyl protein transferase inhibition, whereas activation of p42/p44 MAP kinase by phorbol ester was only slightly effected.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	145-148
12324450-4	2002	In both systems, activation of PKC with phorbol ester caused a decrease in GLT-1 cell surface expression.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Homo sapiens	75-80
12324450-11	2002	Although we observed a phorbol ester-dependent incorporation of (32)P into immunoprecipitable GLT-1, mutation of serine 486 did not reduce this signal.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	solute carrier family 1 member 2	Homo sapiens	94-99
12490396-4	2002	Cell-surface expression of ICAM-1 was concurrently strongly up-regulated by both HDACI and phorbol ester treatments.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
12490396-5	2002	Cell-surface expression of ICAM-1 was concurrently strongly induced by both HDACI and phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
12490396-6	2002	Among several ICAM family members, only ICAM-1 was up-regulated by both HDACI and phorbol ester treatments, suggesting that up-regulated ICAM-1 expression might mediate the observed increase in homotypic aggregation.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	40-46
12490396-6	2002	Among several ICAM family members, only ICAM-1 was up-regulated by both HDACI and phorbol ester treatments, suggesting that up-regulated ICAM-1 expression might mediate the observed increase in homotypic aggregation.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	137-143
12377220-4	2002	The results show that ovotransferrin stimulates the production of IL-6, nitrite and MMP by HD11 cells and augments phorbol ester-induced respiratory burst.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	transferrin (ovotransferrin)	Gallus gallus	22-36
12213816-2	2002	We report that two alternate signaling pathways of protein kinase C (PKC) activation involving either the lipid second messengers (diacylglycerol and its mimetics, the phorbol esters) or reactive oxygen converge at the zinc finger of the regulatory domain.	Phorbol Esters	168-182	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	51-67
12213816-2	2002	We report that two alternate signaling pathways of protein kinase C (PKC) activation involving either the lipid second messengers (diacylglycerol and its mimetics, the phorbol esters) or reactive oxygen converge at the zinc finger of the regulatory domain.	Phorbol Esters	168-182	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	69-72
12213816-7	2002	Furthermore, purified recombinant PKC protein fragments shed stoichiometric amounts of Zn(2+) upon reaction with diacylglycerol, phorbol ester, or reactive oxygen in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
12372816-2	2002	We recently showed that the phorbol ester PMA (100 nM) induces prompt activation of the novel isoform PKCepsilon followed by late activation of the conventional isoform PKCalpha in T84 intestinal epithelia.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	102-112
12372816-2	2002	We recently showed that the phorbol ester PMA (100 nM) induces prompt activation of the novel isoform PKCepsilon followed by late activation of the conventional isoform PKCalpha in T84 intestinal epithelia.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	169-177
12376314-0	2002	Potentiation of insulin secretion by phorbol esters is mediated by PKC-alpha and nPKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	insulin	Homo sapiens	16-23
12376314-0	2002	Potentiation of insulin secretion by phorbol esters is mediated by PKC-alpha and nPKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	67-76
12376314-1	2002	Culturing clonal beta-cells (HIT-T15) overnight in the presence of phorbol ester [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)] enhanced insulin secretion while causing downregulation of some protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and most PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	insulin	Homo sapiens	124-131
12376314-1	2002	Culturing clonal beta-cells (HIT-T15) overnight in the presence of phorbol ester [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)] enhanced insulin secretion while causing downregulation of some protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and most PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	197-200
12376314-1	2002	Culturing clonal beta-cells (HIT-T15) overnight in the presence of phorbol ester [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)] enhanced insulin secretion while causing downregulation of some protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and most PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	220-223
15090157-9	2002	When THP-1 monocytes were differentiated with phorbol ester and subsequently activated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide that contained different concentrations of dexamethasone, dose-dependent effects of dexamethasone on the mRNA levels of several genes were observed.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	5-10
12433834-0	2002	Phorbol ester induction of angiotensin-converting enzyme transcription is mediated by Egr-1 and AP-1 in human endothelial cells via ERK1/2 pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	27-56
12433834-0	2002	Phorbol ester induction of angiotensin-converting enzyme transcription is mediated by Egr-1 and AP-1 in human endothelial cells via ERK1/2 pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	86-91
12433834-0	2002	Phorbol ester induction of angiotensin-converting enzyme transcription is mediated by Egr-1 and AP-1 in human endothelial cells via ERK1/2 pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	96-100
12433834-0	2002	Phorbol ester induction of angiotensin-converting enzyme transcription is mediated by Egr-1 and AP-1 in human endothelial cells via ERK1/2 pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	132-138
12415120-6	2002	We also show that treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) can lead to an increase in transcription from the IP, and that Bet protein expression abrogates this effect.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	delta/notch like EGF repeat containing	Homo sapiens	152-155
12207026-8	2002	Furthermore, phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of the TACE substrate tumor necrosis factor-alpha was decreased in cells expressing catalytically active PTPH1 compared with inactive PTPH1.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	54-58
12207026-8	2002	Furthermore, phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of the TACE substrate tumor necrosis factor-alpha was decreased in cells expressing catalytically active PTPH1 compared with inactive PTPH1.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	69-96
12207026-8	2002	Furthermore, phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of the TACE substrate tumor necrosis factor-alpha was decreased in cells expressing catalytically active PTPH1 compared with inactive PTPH1.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 3	Mus musculus	152-157
12207026-8	2002	Furthermore, phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of the TACE substrate tumor necrosis factor-alpha was decreased in cells expressing catalytically active PTPH1 compared with inactive PTPH1.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 3	Mus musculus	181-186
12372810-0	2002	Inhibition of apical Cl-/OH- exchange activity in Caco-2 cells by phorbol esters is mediated by PKCepsilon.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	96-106
12381534-0	2002	Phorbol ester-mediated neurotensin secretion is dependent on the PKC-alpha and -delta isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	23-34
12381534-0	2002	Phorbol ester-mediated neurotensin secretion is dependent on the PKC-alpha and -delta isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	65-85
12485900-0	2002	Effects of selected ginsenosides on phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and activation of NF-kappaB and ERK1/2 in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	72-88
12485900-0	2002	Effects of selected ginsenosides on phorbol ester-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and activation of NF-kappaB and ERK1/2 in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	121-127
12385031-2	2002	Here we describe that the phorbol ester PMA and a calcium ionophore had a synergistic effect on both CD69 antigen expression and promoter activity in Jurkat cells, that was sensitive to cyclosporin A (CsA).	Phorbol Esters	26-39	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	101-105
12417015-2	2002	They are expressed as major PKC isoforms in a variety of tissues, and thus the functions ascribed to "PKC" based on early studies using phorbol esters and PKC inhibitors could be attributed to them.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	28-31
12417015-2	2002	They are expressed as major PKC isoforms in a variety of tissues, and thus the functions ascribed to "PKC" based on early studies using phorbol esters and PKC inhibitors could be attributed to them.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	102-105
12417015-2	2002	They are expressed as major PKC isoforms in a variety of tissues, and thus the functions ascribed to "PKC" based on early studies using phorbol esters and PKC inhibitors could be attributed to them.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	102-105
12504227-7	2002	Arginine transporter gene CAT1 mRNA, phospho-p44/42, and phospho-MEK1/2 levels were stimulated in phorbol ester-treated cells, compared with the control group.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	GIT ArfGAP 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
12504227-7	2002	Arginine transporter gene CAT1 mRNA, phospho-p44/42, and phospho-MEK1/2 levels were stimulated in phorbol ester-treated cells, compared with the control group.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	45-48
12504227-7	2002	Arginine transporter gene CAT1 mRNA, phospho-p44/42, and phospho-MEK1/2 levels were stimulated in phorbol ester-treated cells, compared with the control group.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	65-71
12504227-8	2002	Phorbol ester stimulation of arginine transport activity and transporter CAT1 mRNA levels was blocked by PD 98059.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	GIT ArfGAP 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
12504227-9	2002	These data suggest that phorbol ester stimulates arginine transport in Caco-2 cells via signaling pathways that lead to increased transcription and/or stabilization of CAT1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	GIT ArfGAP 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
12423673-5	2002	It was also found that a phorbol ester (an activator of protein kinase C (PKC)) and A-23187 (Ca(2+)-ionophore) attenuated the inhibitory effect of chlorpromazine on the GR-induced gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	74-77
12091396-2	2002	In a previous study we demonstrated that inhibition of protein geranylgeranylation inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated avidity modulation of beta(1) integrin in several leukocyte cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	140-156
12091396-5	2002	Overexpression of the Rap1-specific GTPase-activating protein, SPA-1, or inactivated form of Rap1 (N17Rap1) blocked phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of Jurkat cells to fibronectin (alpha(4)beta(1)) and ICAM-1 (alpha(L)beta(2)).	Phorbol Esters	116-129	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	22-26
12091396-4	2002	In this report we identify Rap1, not RhoA, as a critical geranylgeranylated protein mediating phorbol ester-stimulated beta(1) and beta(2) integrin-dependent adhesion of Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	27-31
12091396-5	2002	Overexpression of the Rap1-specific GTPase-activating protein, SPA-1, or inactivated form of Rap1 (N17Rap1) blocked phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of Jurkat cells to fibronectin (alpha(4)beta(1)) and ICAM-1 (alpha(L)beta(2)).	Phorbol Esters	116-129	signal-induced proliferation-associated 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
12091396-5	2002	Overexpression of the Rap1-specific GTPase-activating protein, SPA-1, or inactivated form of Rap1 (N17Rap1) blocked phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of Jurkat cells to fibronectin (alpha(4)beta(1)) and ICAM-1 (alpha(L)beta(2)).	Phorbol Esters	116-129	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	93-97
12419997-3	2002	METHODS: The interaction of PKCalpha and tropomodulin was measured by immunoprecipitation after activation with either phorbol ester at 200 nM for 60 min or 10 ng/ml EGF for 15 min.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	protein kinase C alpha type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	28-36
12091396-5	2002	Overexpression of the Rap1-specific GTPase-activating protein, SPA-1, or inactivated form of Rap1 (N17Rap1) blocked phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of Jurkat cells to fibronectin (alpha(4)beta(1)) and ICAM-1 (alpha(L)beta(2)).	Phorbol Esters	116-129	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	169-180
12091396-5	2002	Overexpression of the Rap1-specific GTPase-activating protein, SPA-1, or inactivated form of Rap1 (N17Rap1) blocked phorbol ester-stimulated adhesion of Jurkat cells to fibronectin (alpha(4)beta(1)) and ICAM-1 (alpha(L)beta(2)).	Phorbol Esters	116-129	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	203-209
12183453-2	2002	We examined whether the two phorbol ester-activated PKCs in Aplysia, the Ca(2+)-activated PKC Apl I and the Ca(2+)-independent PKC Apl II, are associated with these MTs.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	52-55
12183453-3	2002	Phorbol esters translocated PKC to the Triton X-100-insoluble fraction, and a significant portion of this translocated pool was sensitive to low concentrations of nocodazole.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-31
12419997-6	2002	RESULTS: Both phorbol ester and EGF caused an increased interaction of PKCalpha with tropomodulin.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	protein kinase C alpha type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	71-79
12419997-7	2002	Following activation of PKCalpha by phorbol ester or by EGF there was an increased phosphorylation of tropomodulin on threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	protein kinase C alpha type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	24-32
12475180-2	2002	The line of v-myb-transformed chicken monoblasts BM2 can be induced to terminal differentiation using phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Gallus gallus	14-17
12269829-9	2002	These results provide evidence that cis activation of the basal promoter of the human PKCalpha gene occurs through an AP-2-dependent, phorbol ester-responsive pathway, which suggests an autoregulatory manner of transcription in GBM.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	86-94
12269829-9	2002	These results provide evidence that cis activation of the basal promoter of the human PKCalpha gene occurs through an AP-2-dependent, phorbol ester-responsive pathway, which suggests an autoregulatory manner of transcription in GBM.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	118-122
12354099-9	2002	It has been shown that a phorbol ester promotes the formation of a TJ-like structure in an E-cadherin-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	cadherin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	91-101
12130632-2	2002	Although some studies have demonstrated the implication of classic protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the regulation of MMP-9 production by phorbol esters or lipopolysaccharide, the involvement of specific PKC isoforms in the signaling pathways leading to MMP-9 expression by inflammatory cytokines remains unclear.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	protein kinase C, zeta	Rattus norvegicus	85-88
12239314-7	2002	We recently reported that p12(I) expression induces the calcium-responsive T-cell transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), in the presence of phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	DNA polymerase epsilon 4, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	26-29
12237337-6	2002	Of the PKC subtypes that are activated by phorbol esters, only PKCalpha, PKCdelta, and PKCepsilon were observed.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	7-10
12231451-0	2002	Protein kinase C mediates potentiation of synaptic transmission by phorbol ester at parallel fibers in the dorsal cochlear nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	Prkca	Cavia porcellus	0-16
12231451-6	2002	The effects of phorbol esters were antagonized by the specific PKC blockers bisindolylmaleimide and calphostin C.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	Prkca	Cavia porcellus	63-66
12084710-0	2002	Phorbol ester-regulated oligomerization of diacylglycerol kinase delta linked to its phosphorylation and translocation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	diacylglycerol kinase delta	Homo sapiens	43-70
12084710-5	2002	Interestingly, phorbol ester stimulation induced dissociation of the oligomeric structures with concomitant phosphorylation of DGKdelta.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	diacylglycerol kinase delta	Homo sapiens	127-135
12084710-6	2002	Furthermore, we found that DGKdelta was translocated from cytoplasmic vesicles to the plasma membrane upon phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	diacylglycerol kinase delta	Homo sapiens	27-35
12084710-7	2002	In this case, DGKdelta mutants lacking the ability of self-association were localized at the plasma membranes even in the absence of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	diacylglycerol kinase delta	Homo sapiens	14-22
12130632-2	2002	Although some studies have demonstrated the implication of classic protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the regulation of MMP-9 production by phorbol esters or lipopolysaccharide, the involvement of specific PKC isoforms in the signaling pathways leading to MMP-9 expression by inflammatory cytokines remains unclear.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	120-125
12745438-0	2002	Src-/- fibroblasts are defective in their ability to disassemble focal adhesions in response to phorbol ester/hyaluronan treatment.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
12223223-2	2002	To investigate this synergism in a single cell type and to avoid the confounding effect of plasma cholesterol lowering by these drugs, we have used an in vitro model of human macrophages (phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells).	Phorbol Esters	188-201	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	210-215
12226757-4	2002	In addition, ERK becomes refractory to stimulation by a subset of agonists including serum, LPA, and EGF, but remains partially responsive to the phorbol ester, TPA.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
12218129-2	2002	IRF-4 expression is tightly regulated in resting primary T cells and is transiently induced at the mRNA and protein levels after activation by Ag-mimetic stimuli such as TCR cross-linking or treatment with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (PMA/ionomycin).	Phorbol Esters	206-219	interferon regulatory factor 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
12243861-4	2002	Treatment with another active phorbol ester, phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), also suppressed PCB-induced DNA fragmentation, whereas 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4alphaPDD), an inactive phorbol ester, did not affect PCB-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cell.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	94-97
12243861-4	2002	Treatment with another active phorbol ester, phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), also suppressed PCB-induced DNA fragmentation, whereas 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4alphaPDD), an inactive phorbol ester, did not affect PCB-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cell.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	221-224
12243861-4	2002	Treatment with another active phorbol ester, phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), also suppressed PCB-induced DNA fragmentation, whereas 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4alphaPDD), an inactive phorbol ester, did not affect PCB-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cell.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	94-97
12009309-0	2002	Novel protein kinase C isoforms and mitogen-activated kinase kinase mediate phorbol ester-induced osteopontin expression.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	98-109
12193698-3	2002	We found that blockade of RhoA with C3 exoenzyme or inhibition of RhoA kinase by the specific inhibitor Y-27632 enhanced phorbol ester-stimulated alpha(4)beta(1)-dependent adhesion of Jurkat cells at 30 min.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	26-30
12193698-3	2002	We found that blockade of RhoA with C3 exoenzyme or inhibition of RhoA kinase by the specific inhibitor Y-27632 enhanced phorbol ester-stimulated alpha(4)beta(1)-dependent adhesion of Jurkat cells at 30 min.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	66-70
12193733-9	2002	The oxidative burst of macrophages, evoked by phorbol ester, was attenuated in association with NO-elicited PPARgamma activation.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	108-117
12221131-7	2002	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters enhanced translocation of both Rabin8 and Rab8-specific vesicles to the outer edge of lamellipodial structures.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	67-73
12205183-6	2002	Light stimulation induced translocation of PKCalpha immunofluorescence to the photosensitive membrane, an effect that provides independent evidence for PKC activation by illumination; a similar outcome was observed after incubation with the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	Protein C kinase 53E	Drosophila melanogaster	43-46
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	0-31
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	47-51
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	53-58
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	64-71
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	201-228
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	230-239
12192055-1	2002	IkappaB kinase gamma (IKKgamma) (also known as NEMO, Fip-3, and IKKAP-1) is the essential regulatory component of the IKK complex; it is required for NF-kappaB activation by various stimuli, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharides, and double-stranded RNA.	Phorbol Esters	264-278	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	242-261
12192059-3	2002	In mouse embryonic fibroblasts, serum deprivation results in the redistribution of p/CIP to the cytoplasmic compartment and stimulation with growth factors or tumor-promoting phorbol esters promotes p/CIP shuttling into the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	nuclear receptor coactivator 3	Mus musculus	83-88
12192059-3	2002	In mouse embryonic fibroblasts, serum deprivation results in the redistribution of p/CIP to the cytoplasmic compartment and stimulation with growth factors or tumor-promoting phorbol esters promotes p/CIP shuttling into the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	nuclear receptor coactivator 3	Mus musculus	199-204
12217396-8	2002	Like its mouse ortholog, rRasGRP4 is a MC-restricted guanine exchange factor that contains Ca(2+) and phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding domains C-terminal of its CDC25-like catalytic domain.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	RAS guanyl releasing protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	25-33
12217396-8	2002	Like its mouse ortholog, rRasGRP4 is a MC-restricted guanine exchange factor that contains Ca(2+) and phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding domains C-terminal of its CDC25-like catalytic domain.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	cell division cycle 25C	Mus musculus	165-170
12221131-7	2002	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters enhanced translocation of both Rabin8 and Rab8-specific vesicles to the outer edge of lamellipodial structures.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family	Rattus norvegicus	78-82
12055197-4	2002	Stimulation of green fluorescent protein-protein kinase C delta fusion protein with phorbol ester or diacylglycerol led to its redistribution within seconds after the stimulus.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	41-63
12208511-0	2002	Only the soluble form of the scavenger receptor CD163 acts inhibitory on phorbol ester-activated T-lymphocytes, whereas membrane-bound protein has no effect.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	CD163 molecule	Homo sapiens	48-53
12091384-0	2002	Protein kinase C-associated kinase (PKK) mediates Bcl10-independent NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	0-34
12091384-0	2002	Protein kinase C-associated kinase (PKK) mediates Bcl10-independent NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	36-39
12091384-0	2002	Protein kinase C-associated kinase (PKK) mediates Bcl10-independent NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	BCL10 immune signaling adaptor	Homo sapiens	50-55
12091384-0	2002	Protein kinase C-associated kinase (PKK) mediates Bcl10-independent NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	68-78
12091384-6	2002	A catalytic inactive PKK mutant inhibited NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester and Ca(2+)-ionophore, but it did not block that mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, or Nod1.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	21-24
12091384-6	2002	A catalytic inactive PKK mutant inhibited NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester and Ca(2+)-ionophore, but it did not block that mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, or Nod1.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	42-52
12048164-0	2002	Failure to activate caspase 3 in phorbol ester-resistant leukemia cells is associated with resistance to apoptotic cell death.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	20-29
12032154-7	2002	Thus, the ME AP-1 motif will mediate both an insulin and phorbol ester response in HeLa cells when introduced into either the collagenase-1 promoter or a specific heterologous promoter.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	13-17
12165498-2	2002	This study shows that CD62L acquired E-selectin-binding activity following phorbol ester (PMA) treatment of the Jurkat T cell line and anti-CD3/IL-2-driven proliferation of human T lymphocytes in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	selectin L	Homo sapiens	22-27
12165498-2	2002	This study shows that CD62L acquired E-selectin-binding activity following phorbol ester (PMA) treatment of the Jurkat T cell line and anti-CD3/IL-2-driven proliferation of human T lymphocytes in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	selectin E	Homo sapiens	37-47
12032154-0	2002	Accessory elements, flanking DNA sequence, and promoter context play key roles in determining the efficacy of insulin and phorbol ester signaling through the malic enzyme and collagenase-1 AP-1 motifs.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	189-193
12032154-2	2002	In contrast, insulin and phorbol esters only stimulate collagenase-1-CAT and not ME-CAT fusion gene expression in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
12058027-2	2002	PKD2 can be activated by phorbol esters both in vivo and in vitro but also by gastrin via the cholecystokinin/CCK(B) receptor in human gastric cancer cells stably transfected with the CCK(B)/gastrin receptor (AGS-B cells).	Phorbol Esters	25-39	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	0-4
12032154-8	2002	But even in the context of the collagenase-1 promoter, the effects of both insulin and phorbol esters, mediated through the ME AP-1 motif are dependent on accessory factors.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	127-131
12032154-4	2002	The results highlight the influence of three variables, namely promoter context, AP-1 flanking sequence, and accessory elements that modulate insulin and phorbol ester signaling through the AP-1 motif.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	81-85
12032154-4	2002	The results highlight the influence of three variables, namely promoter context, AP-1 flanking sequence, and accessory elements that modulate insulin and phorbol ester signaling through the AP-1 motif.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	190-194
12110518-4	2002	In our study, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) using phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) leads to clathrin-dependent internalization and intracellular accumulation of the ion pump in stably transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-44
12107059-4	2002	Using surface biotinylation and immunofluorescence, we found that treatment of cells with phorbol esters increased the rate of endocytosis of E-cadherin, resulting in accumulation of E-cadherin in apically localized early or recycling endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	cadherin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	142-152
12110518-4	2002	In our study, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) using phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) leads to clathrin-dependent internalization and intracellular accumulation of the ion pump in stably transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	46-49
12107059-4	2002	Using surface biotinylation and immunofluorescence, we found that treatment of cells with phorbol esters increased the rate of endocytosis of E-cadherin, resulting in accumulation of E-cadherin in apically localized early or recycling endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	cadherin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	183-193
12107059-5	2002	The recycling of E-cadherin back to the surface was also decreased in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	cadherin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	17-27
12184631-0	2002	Up-regulation of CD13/aminopeptidase N induced by phorbol ester is involved in redox regulation and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	17-21
12107059-6	2002	Phorbol ester-induced endocytosis of E-cadherin was blocked by specific inhibitors, implicating novel PKC isozymes, such as PKC-epsilon in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cadherin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	37-47
12214859-0	2002	Suppression of phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB activation by capsaicin in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	37-46
12147289-1	2002	In this study, we investigated the effects of protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol esters upon Ca(2+) influx and contractility in human cultured prostatic stromal cells.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	64-67
12115530-0	2002	Inhibitory effects of the standardized extract (DA-9601) of Artemisia asiatica Nakai on phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity, papilloma formation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nuclear transcription factor kappa B activation in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	110-133
12184631-0	2002	Up-regulation of CD13/aminopeptidase N induced by phorbol ester is involved in redox regulation and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	22-38
12184631-0	2002	Up-regulation of CD13/aminopeptidase N induced by phorbol ester is involved in redox regulation and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-127
12118064-1	2002	Downregulation of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) following long-term exposure to phorbol esters such as TPA is traffic dependent and involves delivery of the active, membrane-associated PKCalpha to endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	18-39
12118064-1	2002	Downregulation of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) following long-term exposure to phorbol esters such as TPA is traffic dependent and involves delivery of the active, membrane-associated PKCalpha to endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	41-49
12118064-1	2002	Downregulation of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) following long-term exposure to phorbol esters such as TPA is traffic dependent and involves delivery of the active, membrane-associated PKCalpha to endosomes.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	188-196
12190877-5	2002	Ultraviolet (30 mJ per cm2) and phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, 50 nM) treatment increased expression of human macrophage metalloelastase mRNA and protein in the cultured human dermal fibroblasts, but not in the keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	matrix metallopeptidase 12	Homo sapiens	133-159
12138200-3	2002	We report that the phorbol ester-induced cell polarization and directional motility in breast carcinoma cells is determined by a 12-amino-acid motif (amino acids 313 to 325) within the PKC alpha V3 hinge domain.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	185-194
12492114-10	2002	Activation of ERK1/ 2 by growth factors or phorbol esters was unaffected by preincubation of cells with CV compounds.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-21
12084577-2	2002	Although it has been known for some time that phorbol esters decrease CFTR expression in cell lines that have high CFTR mRNA levels, the cis-acting elements that control this down-regulation remain ill-defined.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	70-74
12219026-4	2002	An apoptotic/viability reporter gene assay was used to deter-mine the effects of the transfection of a dominant-negative mutant of BMK1 (BMK1/DN) in conjunction with apoptotic-inducing agents (etoposide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF], or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand [TRAIL]), with or without phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	306-319	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Homo sapiens	131-135
12084577-2	2002	Although it has been known for some time that phorbol esters decrease CFTR expression in cell lines that have high CFTR mRNA levels, the cis-acting elements that control this down-regulation remain ill-defined.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	115-119
11997392-6	2002	The expression of this constitutively nuclear form of NFATx in the CD4(+)CD8(+) T cell line facilitates differentiation into the CD4 single-positive stage upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	nuclear factor of activated T cells 3	Homo sapiens	54-59
12099701-6	2002	EGF, phorbol esters or TGF-beta1 predominantly increased PAI-1 protein expression in TSH-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
12082155-7	2002	Under normal conditions the small GTPase Rac1 is activated by the phorbol ester and subsequently localized to the plasma membrane, where it induces the reorganization of actin filaments required for formation of membrane ruffles.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
12082155-9	2002	However, confocal microscopy showed that extraction of cholesterol prevented the phorbol ester-stimulated localization of Rac1 to the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	122-126
11997392-6	2002	The expression of this constitutively nuclear form of NFATx in the CD4(+)CD8(+) T cell line facilitates differentiation into the CD4 single-positive stage upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	67-70
11997392-6	2002	The expression of this constitutively nuclear form of NFATx in the CD4(+)CD8(+) T cell line facilitates differentiation into the CD4 single-positive stage upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	73-76
11997392-6	2002	The expression of this constitutively nuclear form of NFATx in the CD4(+)CD8(+) T cell line facilitates differentiation into the CD4 single-positive stage upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	129-132
12134900-0	2002	Modulation of phorbol ester-induced regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases by SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	157-193
12055094-8	2002	ET-1 and phorbol ester stimulated Src activity in a PKC-dependent manner, both responses being abolished in the presence of Ro-31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
12055094-9	2002	Inhibition of Src kinases by PP1 abrogated phorbol ester- and ET-1-induced ERK activation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
12055094-9	2002	Inhibition of Src kinases by PP1 abrogated phorbol ester- and ET-1-induced ERK activation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	neuropeptide Y receptor Y4	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
12055094-9	2002	Inhibition of Src kinases by PP1 abrogated phorbol ester- and ET-1-induced ERK activation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
12110618-2	2002	The phorbol ester TPA, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), inhibits cholinergic stimulation of gastric acid secretion but increases basal H(+) secretion.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	57-60
12065737-2	2002	Nevertheless, the exact role of this family of isoenzymes is unclear, since PKC agonists (e.g., phorbol esters) are known to stimulate expression of both proliferative and differentiative markers in keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	76-79
12111824-0	2002	Gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter (BGT-1) expressed in human astrocytoma U373 MG cells: pharmacological and molecular characterization and phorbol ester-induced inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	solute carrier family 6 member 12	Homo sapiens	37-42
12134900-2	2002	In the present study, by assessing the effect of a specific p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor, SB203580, on the secretion of MMPs and in vitro invasion of various glioma cells, the authors attempt to define the role of the p38 MAPK pathway in the regulation of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) activated by phorbol ester (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate [PMA]) in the D54 human glioblastoma cell line.	Phorbol Esters	351-364	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	98-102
11940581-9	2002	Gab1 was tyrosine-phosphorylated by phorbol ester to the same extent as PDGF stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	GRB2-associated-binding protein 1	Cricetulus griseus	0-4
12137745-0	2002	Neutral endopeptidase/CD10 expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of choriocarcinoma cells through the protein kinase C- and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent signalling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	22-26
12137745-4	2002	The purpose of this study was to clarify the enhancement of NEP/CD10 expression and its signal transduction pathway during phorbol ester (PMA)-induced differentiation of BeWo choriocarcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	60-63
12137745-4	2002	The purpose of this study was to clarify the enhancement of NEP/CD10 expression and its signal transduction pathway during phorbol ester (PMA)-induced differentiation of BeWo choriocarcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	64-68
12127819-7	2002	RESULTS: Phorbol ester treatment increased intestinal System B glutamine transport activity by 75%, an increase that was blocked individually by PD 98059, chelerythrine chloride, actinomycin, and cycloheximide, but not SB 203580, an effect first noted at 6 h. The resulting activity increase was consistent with de novo synthesis of transporter units and enhanced expression of transporter gene ATB(0) as indicated by a threefold increase of ATB(0) mRNA levels in PMA-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	solute carrier family 1 member 5	Homo sapiens	395-401
12127819-7	2002	RESULTS: Phorbol ester treatment increased intestinal System B glutamine transport activity by 75%, an increase that was blocked individually by PD 98059, chelerythrine chloride, actinomycin, and cycloheximide, but not SB 203580, an effect first noted at 6 h. The resulting activity increase was consistent with de novo synthesis of transporter units and enhanced expression of transporter gene ATB(0) as indicated by a threefold increase of ATB(0) mRNA levels in PMA-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	solute carrier family 1 member 5	Homo sapiens	442-448
12021387-3	2002	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated pS2 expression in both HepER3 and the parental, non-ER-expressing HepG2 cells, although its activity was substantially less in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	trefoil factor 1	Homo sapiens	67-70
12115650-6	2002	Interestingly, JCaM1.6 cells showed dramatically reduced levels of both CD3- and phorbol ester-induced adhesion to coated ICAM-1 as compared to normal Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	122-128
11991990-3	2002	Zp, the promoter of the EBV immediate-early gene BZLF1, whose product, ZEBRA, drives the lytic cycle, contains several phorbol ester response elements.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	49-54
12036883-6	2002	Treatment with rapamycin blocked IL-2 production after activation of human peripheral blood T cells with phorbol ester (PMA) and anti-CD28 (CsA-resistant pathway), whereas this drug did not have any effect on PMA plus ionomycin stimulation (CsA-sensitive pathway).	Phorbol Esters	105-118	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
12297018-0	2002	Curcumin suppresses activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 induced by phorbol ester in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	34-43
12297018-0	2002	Curcumin suppresses activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 induced by phorbol ester in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	48-52
11994255-7	2002	The important role of protein kinase C (PKC) was suggested by studies in which a phorbol ester triggered TNF biosynthesis, and a PKC inhibitor abrogated Ang II-induced TNF biosynthesis.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	105-108
11994255-7	2002	The important role of protein kinase C (PKC) was suggested by studies in which a phorbol ester triggered TNF biosynthesis, and a PKC inhibitor abrogated Ang II-induced TNF biosynthesis.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	153-159
11994357-1	2002	PKC isozymes are the major binding proteins for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, and PKC activity is abnormal in a number of different human cancers.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
12075734-5	2002	COX-2 can undergo rapid induction in response to many factors such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, growth factors, cytokines and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
11967217-4	2002	In contrast, after luteinization of granulosa cells by 8-day treatment with forskolin, the Cox-2 promoter was immediately inducible by phorbol esters but not by cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	135-149	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	91-96
11967217-5	2002	In granulosa cells cultured for 8 days without forskolin, the Cox-2 promoter continued to be inducible only by cAMP and not by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	127-141	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	62-67
11996904-10	2002	The phorbol ester, PMA (1 micromol/L), which activates the PKC pathway, and ionomycin (1 micromol/L), which activates the calcium pathway, produced small but detectable elevations in RGS-2 mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	regulator of G-protein signaling 2	Mus musculus	183-188
11980644-1	2002	Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) or carnosol, two structurally unrelated compounds with anticancer properties, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	164-183
11980644-1	2002	Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) or carnosol, two structurally unrelated compounds with anticancer properties, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	185-189
11980644-1	2002	Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) or carnosol, two structurally unrelated compounds with anticancer properties, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	204-220
11980644-1	2002	Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) or carnosol, two structurally unrelated compounds with anticancer properties, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	222-227
12089597-7	2002	The specificity of the response to PKC was confirmed by using the kinase inhibitor staurosporine or the inactive phorbol ester 4-alpha-PMA.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
11850425-2	2002	Using an in vitro assay containing only purified recombinant proteins and the phorbol ester, 4 beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), but lacking lipids, it was found that PKC alpha bound specifically, and with high affinity, to a alpha C1A-C1B fusion protein of the same isozyme.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	182-191
11812783-7	2002	In addition, we found that rPLD2 was strongly activated by Galpha(q)Q209L and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	phospholipase D2	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
11782486-0	2002	Regulation of mesangial cell hexokinase activity and expression by heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor: epidermal growth factors and phorbol esters increase glucose metabolism via a common mechanism involving classic mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation and induction of hexokinase II expression.	Phorbol Esters	156-170	hexokinase 1	Homo sapiens	29-39
11782486-0	2002	Regulation of mesangial cell hexokinase activity and expression by heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor: epidermal growth factors and phorbol esters increase glucose metabolism via a common mechanism involving classic mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation and induction of hexokinase II expression.	Phorbol Esters	156-170	hexokinase 1	Homo sapiens	309-319
11815600-0	2002	Phorbol ester activation of a proteolytic cascade capable of activating latent transforming growth factor-betaL a process initiated by the exocytosis of cathepsin B.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	153-164
12479265-3	2002	Typified by N-benzyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD 198) and N-benzyladriamycin-14-pivalate (AD 445), this family of compounds binds to the C1 regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC), competitively inhibits phorbol ester binding in cell-free studies, and induces PKC translocation in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	206-219	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	177-180
12479265-3	2002	Typified by N-benzyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD 198) and N-benzyladriamycin-14-pivalate (AD 445), this family of compounds binds to the C1 regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC), competitively inhibits phorbol ester binding in cell-free studies, and induces PKC translocation in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	206-219	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	262-265
11929770-4	2002	THP-1 cells expressing active PAI-2 also displayed an altered phenotype in response to phorbol ester-induced differentiation that was concomitant with a reduction in CD14 expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
11929770-4	2002	THP-1 cells expressing active PAI-2 also displayed an altered phenotype in response to phorbol ester-induced differentiation that was concomitant with a reduction in CD14 expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	30-35
11929770-4	2002	THP-1 cells expressing active PAI-2 also displayed an altered phenotype in response to phorbol ester-induced differentiation that was concomitant with a reduction in CD14 expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	166-170
11941319-7	2002	Synthesis, storage, and secretion of IL-16 could be induced in LCs, but not keratinocytes, by activation with phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	interleukin 16	Homo sapiens	37-42
11897673-5	2002	Treatment with the phorbol ester tumor promoter, beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (beta-PDD), resulted in time-dependent inhibition of the IGF-dependent IGFBP-4 protease activity in cell-conditioned medium, which was evident at 6 h and complete by 24 h. PAPP-A mRNA was constitutively expressed in control cells, and levels were decreased only after 24 h of beta-PDD treatment.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	pappalysin 1	Homo sapiens	137-167
11897673-5	2002	Treatment with the phorbol ester tumor promoter, beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (beta-PDD), resulted in time-dependent inhibition of the IGF-dependent IGFBP-4 protease activity in cell-conditioned medium, which was evident at 6 h and complete by 24 h. PAPP-A mRNA was constitutively expressed in control cells, and levels were decreased only after 24 h of beta-PDD treatment.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	pappalysin 1	Homo sapiens	252-258
12042074-4	2002	Unlike the PKC-activating phorbol esters that induce MT-I and HO-1, HMBA has minimal effects on MT-I or HO-1.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
11883947-9	2002	Conversely, precontraction with phorbol ester, which also desensitizes pGC, blunted relaxations to RSVL but not to forskolin or SNP.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	progastricsin	Homo sapiens	71-74
11960370-0	2002	Phorbol esters inhibit fibroblast growth factor-2-stimulated fibroblast proliferation by a p38 MAP kinase dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	23-49
11960370-0	2002	Phorbol esters inhibit fibroblast growth factor-2-stimulated fibroblast proliferation by a p38 MAP kinase dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
11960370-1	2002	Treatment of fibroblasts with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), specifically inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) induced proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	116-142
11960370-1	2002	Treatment of fibroblasts with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), specifically inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) induced proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	144-149
11907165-3	2002	In this study, by using the primary cultures of hypothalamic neurons, we tested the effects of PKC stimulator phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and PKC inhibitor chelerythrine chloride on ethanol-induced IR-beta-EP release.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	95-98
11799119-1	2002	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a potent stimulator of Erk, leads to the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and its dissociation from eIF4E.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
11799119-1	2002	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a potent stimulator of Erk, leads to the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and its dissociation from eIF4E.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	123-129
11799119-1	2002	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a potent stimulator of Erk, leads to the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and its dissociation from eIF4E.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	156-161
11896155-2	2002	We report here that selective activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters induces a rapid dispersal of NMDA receptors from synaptic to extrasynaptic plasma membrane in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	44-60
11896155-2	2002	We report here that selective activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters induces a rapid dispersal of NMDA receptors from synaptic to extrasynaptic plasma membrane in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
11951087-16	2002	The presence of PKCgamma and loss of surface Cx43 from two retinal cell lines, WERI and Y79, upon phorbol ester activation further suggests that activation of PKCgamma may be a common mechanism for control of cell surface Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	gap junction alpha-1 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	45-49
12039071-3	2002	The phorbol ester, 1-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 12.5 nM) increased pERK levels, whereas protein kinase C (PKC) depletion or inhibition by GF109203X (GF; 0.01-10 microM) suppressed GnRH-activated ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	81-85
12039071-3	2002	The phorbol ester, 1-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 12.5 nM) increased pERK levels, whereas protein kinase C (PKC) depletion or inhibition by GF109203X (GF; 0.01-10 microM) suppressed GnRH-activated ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	209-213
11951087-3	2002	Activation of PKCgamma was with 200 nM phorbol ester for 30 to 60 min.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	protein kinase C gamma type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	14-22
11951087-6	2002	RESULTS: Co-immunoprecipitation of Cx43 with PKCgamma was observed only in cells over expressing PKCgamma and in cells activated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	gap junction alpha-1 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-39
11951087-16	2002	The presence of PKCgamma and loss of surface Cx43 from two retinal cell lines, WERI and Y79, upon phorbol ester activation further suggests that activation of PKCgamma may be a common mechanism for control of cell surface Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein kinase C gamma type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	159-167
11951087-6	2002	RESULTS: Co-immunoprecipitation of Cx43 with PKCgamma was observed only in cells over expressing PKCgamma and in cells activated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	protein kinase C gamma type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	45-53
11951087-7	2002	Both overexpression and phorbol ester produced a rapid phosphorylation of Cx43 on serine.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	gap junction alpha-1 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	74-78
11951087-16	2002	The presence of PKCgamma and loss of surface Cx43 from two retinal cell lines, WERI and Y79, upon phorbol ester activation further suggests that activation of PKCgamma may be a common mechanism for control of cell surface Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	gap junction alpha-1 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	222-226
11951087-8	2002	Cx43 cell surface gap junction plaques decreased in cells over expressing PKCgamma and in cells treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	gap junction alpha-1 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-4
11949857-0	2002	Bovine somatotropin attenuates phorbol ester-induced prostaglandin F2alpha production in bovine endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	somatotropin	Bos taurus	7-19
11951087-12	2002	CONCLUSIONS: PKCgamma can be co-immunoprecipitated with Cx43 from lens epithelial cells using phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	protein kinase C gamma type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	13-21
11951087-12	2002	CONCLUSIONS: PKCgamma can be co-immunoprecipitated with Cx43 from lens epithelial cells using phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	gap junction alpha-1 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	56-60
11777908-0	2002	Kunitz-type protease inhibitor bikunin disrupts phorbol ester-induced oligomerization of CD44 variant isoforms containing epitope v9 and subsequently suppresses expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human chondrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	31-38
11777908-0	2002	Kunitz-type protease inhibitor bikunin disrupts phorbol ester-induced oligomerization of CD44 variant isoforms containing epitope v9 and subsequently suppresses expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human chondrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	89-93
11777908-0	2002	Kunitz-type protease inhibitor bikunin disrupts phorbol ester-induced oligomerization of CD44 variant isoforms containing epitope v9 and subsequently suppresses expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator in human chondrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	175-211
11777908-1	2002	We previously found that bikunin (bik), a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, suppresses phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).	Phorbol Esters	85-98	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	25-32
11777908-1	2002	We previously found that bikunin (bik), a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, suppresses phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).	Phorbol Esters	85-98	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	25-28
11777908-1	2002	We previously found that bikunin (bik), a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, suppresses phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).	Phorbol Esters	85-98	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	130-166
11777908-1	2002	We previously found that bikunin (bik), a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, suppresses phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA).	Phorbol Esters	85-98	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	168-171
11832360-5	2002	RGS2 mRNA levels were also elevated by treatment with Ca(2+) ionophore, phorbol ester, or forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	regulator of G protein signaling 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
11914583-0	2002	Functional role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and c-Jun induction in phorbol ester-induced promoter activation of human 12(S)-lipoxygenase gene.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-56
11914583-0	2002	Functional role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and c-Jun induction in phorbol ester-induced promoter activation of human 12(S)-lipoxygenase gene.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	72-77
11914583-0	2002	Functional role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and c-Jun induction in phorbol ester-induced promoter activation of human 12(S)-lipoxygenase gene.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type	Homo sapiens	142-160
11850819-0	2002	C-Jun N-terminal kinase is required for phorbol ester- and thapsigargin-induced apoptosis in the androgen responsive prostate cancer cell line LNCaP.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	0-23
11870880-5	2002	Treatment of adult HK1.src(529) transgenic mice with the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate resulted in an increase in epidermal hyperplasia and labeling index significantly greater than that seen in nontransgenic littermates.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	hexokinase 1	Mus musculus	19-22
11896586-4	2002	In addition, high level Gfi-1 expression inhibits phorbol ester induced G1 arrest and activation induced cell death in Jurkat T-cells.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	growth factor independent 1 transcriptional repressor	Homo sapiens	24-29
11896586-6	2002	Moreover, phorbol ester induced expression of the negative cell cycle regulator p21(WAF1) is blocked in the presence of Gfi-1.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	80-83
11896586-6	2002	Moreover, phorbol ester induced expression of the negative cell cycle regulator p21(WAF1) is blocked in the presence of Gfi-1.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	84-88
11896586-6	2002	Moreover, phorbol ester induced expression of the negative cell cycle regulator p21(WAF1) is blocked in the presence of Gfi-1.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	growth factor independent 1 transcriptional repressor	Homo sapiens	120-125
11831896-3	2002	One interesting feature of RasGRP is the presence of a C-terminal C1 domain, which has high homology to the PKC C1 domain and binds to diacylglycerol (DAG) and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
11834706-0	2002	Essential role of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) in endothelial cell superoxide production in response to phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	44-47
11834706-0	2002	Essential role of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47(phox) in endothelial cell superoxide production in response to phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain containing	Mus musculus	48-52
11689559-3	2002	Remarkably, phorbol esters translocate beta2-chimaerin to the perinuclear region and promote its association with Tmp21-I in a PKC-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
11689559-3	2002	Remarkably, phorbol esters translocate beta2-chimaerin to the perinuclear region and promote its association with Tmp21-I in a PKC-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	114-121
11689559-4	2002	A deletional analysis revealed that the C1 domain in chimaerins is required for the interaction with Tmp21-I, thereby implying a novel function for this domain in protein-protein associations in addition to its role in lipid and phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	101-108
12056641-4	2002	In our study we attempted to investigate the effect of: phorbol ester (PMA)-PKC activator, and bisindolylmaleimide II (GF II), a highly selective PKC inhibitor, on the proliferation as well as induction of apoptosis and necrosis in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	76-79
11781135-0	2002	Activation of Erk1/Erk2 and transiently increased p53 levels together may account for p21 expression associated with phorbol ester-induced transient growth inhibition in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	14-18
11781135-0	2002	Activation of Erk1/Erk2 and transiently increased p53 levels together may account for p21 expression associated with phorbol ester-induced transient growth inhibition in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
11781135-0	2002	Activation of Erk1/Erk2 and transiently increased p53 levels together may account for p21 expression associated with phorbol ester-induced transient growth inhibition in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	50-53
11781135-0	2002	Activation of Erk1/Erk2 and transiently increased p53 levels together may account for p21 expression associated with phorbol ester-induced transient growth inhibition in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	86-89
11781135-2	2002	The activation of Raf was increased either by the phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC) or by the addition of the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM).	Phorbol Esters	50-63	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
11781135-5	2002	Either the activation of PKC with phorbol ester or the addition of BIM to cells growing in serum induced a rapid but transient increase of p53 levels, which preceded growth inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	139-142
11779137-4	2002	Treatment with the phorbol ester TPA caused translocation of PKC alpha, beta2, and epsilon to the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	61-70
11584014-1	2002	Phorbol esters, the archetypical (PKC) activators, induce apoptosis in androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	34-37
11742530-8	2002	However, long-term treatment of wild-type AtT-20 cells with two different secretagogues (8-bromo-cAMP and a phorbol ester) does not affect levels of proSAAS mRNA; this treatment significantly increases PC1 mRNA by approx.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Mus musculus	202-205
11835689-0	2002	Phorbol esters and cAMP differentially regulate the expression of CD4 and CD8 in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-69
11835689-0	2002	Phorbol esters and cAMP differentially regulate the expression of CD4 and CD8 in human thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	74-77
11835689-4	2002	RESULTS: The present study shows that stimulation of human thymocytes by phorbol esters or cAMP result in a differential regulation of CD4 and CD8 expression, both at the mRNA and cell surface glycoprotein level.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	135-138
11835689-4	2002	RESULTS: The present study shows that stimulation of human thymocytes by phorbol esters or cAMP result in a differential regulation of CD4 and CD8 expression, both at the mRNA and cell surface glycoprotein level.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	143-146
12377207-5	2002	VEGF-induced Akt activation was prevented by down-regulation of PKC induced by prolonged pretreatment with the phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	0-4
12377207-5	2002	VEGF-induced Akt activation was prevented by down-regulation of PKC induced by prolonged pretreatment with the phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
12377207-5	2002	VEGF-induced Akt activation was prevented by down-regulation of PKC induced by prolonged pretreatment with the phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	64-67
11781100-2	2002	After phorbol ester induced activation of PKC isoforms alpha, beta 1, beta 2, and eta, we could show a defined gel mobility shift of SHP2, indicating phosphorylation on serine/threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11	Homo sapiens	133-137
11886168-2	2002	In this study, IL-4 did not induce virus production, but inhibited phorbol esters (PMA)-stimulated HIV expression in chronically infected promonocytic U1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	15-19
12438767-6	2002	All three PKC isoforms examined were translocated to the particulate fraction in response to stimulation with alpha(1)-adrenergic agonists or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	10-13
12438769-8	2002	Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human leukemia (HL60) cells towards a macrophage phenotype led to downregulation of importin alpha1 and alpha4 expression after 72 hours.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	immunoglobulin binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	145-151
12421622-6	2002	Cortical cultures treated with glutamate, forskolin or the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate exhibited robust increases in phospho-CREB.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-147
12173743-2	2002	Evidence is accumulating that LDL receptor transcription is under complex regulation and that a major pathway of induction by cytokines, growth factors, anisomycin, and phorbol esters involves the extracellular/mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42/44MAPK) cascade.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	30-42
12173743-2	2002	Evidence is accumulating that LDL receptor transcription is under complex regulation and that a major pathway of induction by cytokines, growth factors, anisomycin, and phorbol esters involves the extracellular/mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42/44MAPK) cascade.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	245-248
12210720-3	2002	PKC activating phorbol esters induced a rapid translocation of several PKC isoforms to the particulate fraction of U937 monocytes under terrestrial gravity (1 g) conditions in the laboratory.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
12210720-3	2002	PKC activating phorbol esters induced a rapid translocation of several PKC isoforms to the particulate fraction of U937 monocytes under terrestrial gravity (1 g) conditions in the laboratory.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-74
12210720-6	2002	In T-cells, phorbol ester induced translocation of PKC delta was reduced in microgravity, compared to 1 g, while PKC beta II translocation was not significantly different at the two g-levels.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	51-60
11739686-6	2002	While utilization of these start sites was significantly altered by the application of exogenous stimuli to primary lymphocytes and two distinct promoter elements exhibited enhanced activity in the presence of phorbol ester, overall cycT1 transcription was only modestly enhanced in response to cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	cyclin T1	Homo sapiens	233-238
11739686-8	2002	In fact, steady-state CycT1 expression is only slightly lower in unstimulated lymphocytes compared to phorbol ester-treated cells or a panel of immortalized cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	cyclin T1	Homo sapiens	22-27
12611484-6	2002	Collagen and phorbol ester (PMA)-evoked vesiculation was diminished in the presence of 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl amiloride) (EIPA, inhibitor of NHE) or GF 109203X (inhibitor of protein kinase C).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	solute carrier family 9 member C1	Homo sapiens	141-144
12086399-0	2002	Effects of yakuchinone A and yakuchinone B on the phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	86-91
12086399-0	2002	Effects of yakuchinone A and yakuchinone B on the phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	96-100
12086399-0	2002	Effects of yakuchinone A and yakuchinone B on the phorbol ester-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS and activation of NF-kappaB in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	119-128
11687572-2	2001	We previously showed that in resting epithelial HT29-cl19A cells, PLD is implicated in the control of constitutive protein transit, from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane, and that phorbol ester stimulation of protein transit is correlated with PLD activation (Auger, R., Robin, P., Camier, B., Vial, G., Rossignol, B., Tenu, J.-P., and Raymond, M.-N. (1999) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	258-261
11855645-7	2002	Collectively, these results indicate that phorbol ester promotes the activation of a 45-kDa protein kinase related to WIPK in tobacco cells.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3-like	Nicotiana tabacum	118-122
11673456-10	2001	Manipulation of the phosphorylation state of CCK receptor using protein kinase C activation with phorbol ester or inhibition with staurosporine had no effect on the basal level or agonist effect on CCK receptor oligomerization.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	45-48
11728381-1	2001	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) enhances or suppresses the transcriptional activation of CYP1A1 by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in a cell/tissue-specific manner.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	118-124
11751373-4	2001	In the cell lines, LNCaP, DU145, PC-3, and TSU, COX-2 protein expression was undetectable under basal conditions but could be induced transiently by phorbol ester treatment in PC-3 and TSU cells, but not in DU145 and LNCaP cells.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
11747437-1	2001	Shedding of the ectodomain of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and numerous other membrane-anchored proteins results from a specific cleavage in the juxtamembrane (JM) stalk, catalyzed by "sheddases" that are commonly activated by phorbol esters and inhibited by peptide hydroxamates such as TAPI.	Phorbol Esters	234-248	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	30-59
11747437-1	2001	Shedding of the ectodomain of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and numerous other membrane-anchored proteins results from a specific cleavage in the juxtamembrane (JM) stalk, catalyzed by "sheddases" that are commonly activated by phorbol esters and inhibited by peptide hydroxamates such as TAPI.	Phorbol Esters	234-248	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	61-64
11778801-5	2001	Matrix metalloproteinase-2 was found to be the major MMP of the cornea and was constitutively produced in normal tissue, whereas MMP-9 expression was induced by various stimuli, including phorbol esters and even tissue culturing.	Phorbol Esters	188-202	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	129-134
11738060-9	2001	The H(2)O(2)-induced MIF production was completely inhibited by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X, partially inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A, and uninhibited by calcium chelation or phorbol ester-sensitive PKC down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	219-232	macrophage migration inhibitory factor	Homo sapiens	21-24
11751700-8	2001	Protein kinase C inhibition completely blocked phorbol ester-induced HSP27 phosphorylation but did not impair Ang II-stimulated phosphorylation of HSP27, suggesting that AT(1) increased HSP27 phosphorylation by a protein kinase C-independent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
11745381-5	2001	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester also blocks the TCR-dependent increase in fyn-associated PI3-K and inhibits CD8-dependent adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	54-57
11745381-5	2001	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester also blocks the TCR-dependent increase in fyn-associated PI3-K and inhibits CD8-dependent adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	114-117
11745381-7	2001	In contrast, phorbol ester treatment up-regulates integrin-mediated adhesions, suggesting complex cross-talk between the TCR and the different adhesion/cosignaling receptors during the binding and killing of antigen-bearing targets.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	121-124
11745390-7	2001	In addition, we show that in vivo inducible expression of Tax protein in Jurkat T cells stably transfected with Tax further increased ionomycin plus phorbol ester stimulated IL-5 promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	174-178
11915930-4	2001	Incubating human muscle fiber strips with PKC inhibitors restored insulin action in muscle of obese patients, while activating PKC with a phorbol ester caused insulin resistance in muscle from lean control patients.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	insulin	Homo sapiens	159-166
11746831-0	2001	Protein kinase C-beta, fibronectin, alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are required for phorbol diester-induced apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	111-126	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	23-34
11768000-0	2001	Differences in the expression of protein kinase C isoforms and its translocation after stimulation with phorbol ester between young-adult and middle-aged ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from Fischer 344 rats.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	33-49
11746831-0	2001	Protein kinase C-beta, fibronectin, alpha(5)beta(1)-integrin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are required for phorbol diester-induced apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	111-126	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	66-93
11768809-3	2001	Stimulation of Protein Kinase C with a phorbol ester (phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate [PDBu]) activates COX-2 gene expression and PGF2alpha secretion via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	Bos taurus	98-103
11557763-0	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and phorbol ester induce TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) under critical involvement of NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)/IKKgamma.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	53-90
11557763-0	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and phorbol ester induce TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) under critical involvement of NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)/IKKgamma.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	92-97
11557763-0	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and phorbol ester induce TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) under critical involvement of NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)/IKKgamma.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	129-159
11557763-0	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and phorbol ester induce TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) under critical involvement of NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)/IKKgamma.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	161-165
11557763-0	2001	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and phorbol ester induce TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) under critical involvement of NF-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)/IKKgamma.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	167-175
11688984-0	2001	Soluble CD163 inhibits phorbol ester-induced lymphocyte proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	CD163 molecule	Homo sapiens	8-13
11689073-5	2001	Using the program Autodock, we show that the iridals dock to the same position on the C1b domain of protein kinase C delta as do the phorbol esters, with the primary hydroxyl group of the iridal at the C3 position forming two hydrogen bonds with the amide group of Thr12 and with the carbonyl group of Leu 21 and the aldehyde oxygen of the iridal forming a hydrogen bond with the amide group of Gly23.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	100-122
11689073-8	2001	NSC 631939 and NSC 631941 bound to RasGRP3, a phorbol ester receptor that directly links diacylglycerol/phorbol ester signaling with Ras activation, with K(i) values of 15.5 +/- 2.3 and 41.7 +/- 6.5 nM, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	35-42
11533051-10	2001	Experiments using protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors suggest that phorbol ester-sensitive novel PKC and Go 6983-sensitive atypical PKC isoforms are involved in the PE-induced phosphorylation of GSK-3beta.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	193-202
11707282-0	2001	A PKCbeta isoform mediates phorbol ester-induced activation of Erk1/2 and expression of neuronal differentiation genes in neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	2-9
11707282-0	2001	A PKCbeta isoform mediates phorbol ester-induced activation of Erk1/2 and expression of neuronal differentiation genes in neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	63-69
11672436-0	2001	Antagonistic effects of phorbol esters on insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) but not glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	insulin	Homo sapiens	42-49
11911279-7	2001	In contrast, we showed a slight increase of vimentin content in phorbol ester (PMA)-treated NB4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	vimentin	Homo sapiens	44-52
11672436-0	2001	Antagonistic effects of phorbol esters on insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) but not glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	insulin	Homo sapiens	64-71
11672436-0	2001	Antagonistic effects of phorbol esters on insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) but not glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	insulin like growth factor binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	110-117
11672436-4	2001	However, we find that treatment of cells with phorbol esters mimics the effect of insulin on G6Pase, but not IGFBP-1, gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	insulin	Homo sapiens	82-89
11672436-4	2001	However, we find that treatment of cells with phorbol esters mimics the effect of insulin on G6Pase, but not IGFBP-1, gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	93-99
11672436-5	2001	Indeed, phorbol ester treatment actually blocks the ability of insulin to repress IGFBP-1 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	8-21	insulin	Homo sapiens	63-70
11672436-5	2001	Indeed, phorbol ester treatment actually blocks the ability of insulin to repress IGFBP-1 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	8-21	insulin like growth factor binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	82-89
11672436-6	2001	In addition, the action of phorbol esters is significantly reduced by inhibition of the p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	88-91
11672436-6	2001	In addition, the action of phorbol esters is significantly reduced by inhibition of the p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	92-95
12188882-1	2001	D-RNAi (Messenger RNA-antisense DNA interference), a novel posttranscriptional phenomenon of silencing gene expression by transfection of mRNA-aDNA hybrids, was originally observed in the effects of bcl-2 on phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer LNCaP cells.	Phorbol Esters	208-221	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	199-204
11689447-0	2001	Factor recruitment and TIF2/GRIP1 corepressor activity at a collagenase-3 response element that mediates regulation by phorbol esters and hormones.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	nuclear receptor coactivator 2	Homo sapiens	23-27
11679428-6	2001	The effects of phorbol ester, CCh, and CCK were inhibited by as much as 75% by the PKC inhibitors GF 109203X and Ro-32-0432 and after PKC downregulation.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
11689447-0	2001	Factor recruitment and TIF2/GRIP1 corepressor activity at a collagenase-3 response element that mediates regulation by phorbol esters and hormones.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	glutamate receptor interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
11689447-0	2001	Factor recruitment and TIF2/GRIP1 corepressor activity at a collagenase-3 response element that mediates regulation by phorbol esters and hormones.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Homo sapiens	60-73
11605028-7	2001	In Western blotting, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 (tissue collagenase) but not MMP-2 (72-kDa gelatinase) expression was upregulated by PDGF and phorbol ester (TPA), which were reduced by diltiazem in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	21-53
11605028-7	2001	In Western blotting, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 (tissue collagenase) but not MMP-2 (72-kDa gelatinase) expression was upregulated by PDGF and phorbol ester (TPA), which were reduced by diltiazem in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	55-73
11477090-0	2001	The disintegrins ADAM10 and TACE contribute to the constitutive and phorbol ester-regulated normal cleavage of the cellular prion protein.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10	Homo sapiens	17-23
11514571-0	2001	Protein kinase D potentiates DNA synthesis and cell proliferation induced by bombesin, vasopressin, or phorbol esters in Swiss 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	0-16
11595128-0	2001	A role for protein kinase C delta in the differential sensitivity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells to phorbol ester-induced growth arrest and p21(WAFI/CIP1) induction.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	11-33
11595128-0	2001	A role for protein kinase C delta in the differential sensitivity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells to phorbol ester-induced growth arrest and p21(WAFI/CIP1) induction.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	168-172
11477090-0	2001	The disintegrins ADAM10 and TACE contribute to the constitutive and phorbol ester-regulated normal cleavage of the cellular prion protein.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	28-32
11477090-1	2001	We showed previously that PrPc undergoes constitutive and phorbol ester-regulated cleavage inside the 106-126 toxic domain of the protein, leading to the production of a fragment referred to as N1.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	prion protein	Homo sapiens	26-30
11579380-8	2001	Up-regulation of GDF-15/MIC-1 in activated macrophages (Mstraight phi) is also supported by RT-PCR, ICC, and Western blot experiments showing pronounced induction of GDF-15/MIC-1 expression (mRNA and protein) in retinoic acid/phorbol ester-stimulated human M phi.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	17-23
11579380-8	2001	Up-regulation of GDF-15/MIC-1 in activated macrophages (Mstraight phi) is also supported by RT-PCR, ICC, and Western blot experiments showing pronounced induction of GDF-15/MIC-1 expression (mRNA and protein) in retinoic acid/phorbol ester-stimulated human M phi.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	24-29
11668484-0	2001	Interferon-gamma cooperates with retinoic acid and phorbol ester to induce differentiation and growth inhibition of human neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
11477089-0	2001	Identification of a phorbol ester-responsive element in the interferon-gamma receptor 1 chain gene.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	interferon gamma receptor 1	Homo sapiens	60-87
11598794-0	2001	Down-modulation of c-myc expression by phorbol ester protects CEM T leukaemia cells from starvation-induced apoptosis: role of ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	19-24
11668484-5	2001	Our results show that combined treatment with IFN-gamma and RA or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol acetate (TPA) had synergistic or enhancing effects on morphologic differentiation and neurite outgrowth in 5 of 5 neuroblastoma cell lines, 3 of which expressed very high levels of N-myc mRNA due to N-myc amplification.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	120-123
11668484-5	2001	Our results show that combined treatment with IFN-gamma and RA or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol acetate (TPA) had synergistic or enhancing effects on morphologic differentiation and neurite outgrowth in 5 of 5 neuroblastoma cell lines, 3 of which expressed very high levels of N-myc mRNA due to N-myc amplification.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	292-297
11668484-5	2001	Our results show that combined treatment with IFN-gamma and RA or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol acetate (TPA) had synergistic or enhancing effects on morphologic differentiation and neurite outgrowth in 5 of 5 neuroblastoma cell lines, 3 of which expressed very high levels of N-myc mRNA due to N-myc amplification.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	310-315
11578598-9	2001	This increased stress tolerance was especially important in neuroblastoma cells induced to differentiate with phorbol ester because those "mature neurons" showed a 10-fold decline in endogenous Hsp70, which was accompanied by increased susceptibility to heat shock and staurosporine-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	194-199
11677255-6	2001	Stimulation of APP promoter activity by BDNF was not affected by the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide, or by dominant negative mutants of the AP-1 components Fos and Jun, which, however, blocked the response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	212-226	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	40-44
11533251-0	2001	B-cell receptor- and phorbol ester-induced NF-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation in B cells requires novel protein kinase C"s.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	57-80
11533251-4	2001	Rottlerin blocks phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA])- or B-cell receptor (BCR)-mediated NF-kappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in primary B and T cells to a similar extent, suggesting that novel PKCs are positive regulators of signaling in hematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	139-142
11746821-0	2001	Core promoter involvement in the induction of rat ornithine decarboxylase by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-73
11470790-7	2001	Consistent with its molecular structure lacking the C1 regulatory domain, PKCthetaII is constitutively active as determined by an in vitro kinase assay, being independent of PKC activators, e.g. phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	74-77
11578612-0	2001	Inhibition of the glutamate transporter EAAC1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Canis lupus familiaris	40-45
11578612-10	2001	Because activation of PKC by phorbol esters leads to opposite effects on EAAC1 activity in different culture models, we conclude that the PKC-mediated regulation of EAAC1 is cell-type specific.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Canis lupus familiaris	165-170
11470799-9	2001	When CaMK II is inhibited, phorbol ester is no longer able to activate IKK, placing CaMK II in the signaling pathway that leads to IKK activation.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma	Homo sapiens	5-12
11470799-9	2001	When CaMK II is inhibited, phorbol ester is no longer able to activate IKK, placing CaMK II in the signaling pathway that leads to IKK activation.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma	Homo sapiens	84-91
11470799-12	2001	The results identify CaMK II as a mediator of IKK activation specifically in response to T cell receptor/CD3 and phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II gamma	Homo sapiens	21-28
11459843-6	2001	Furthermore, activators (phorbol esters and forskolin) and inhibitors (Ro 31-8220 and H89) of protein kinase C or A, respectively, exhibit differential effects on NKA binding and associated responses; activated protein kinase C facilitates a switch between calcium and cAMP responses, whereas activation of protein kinase A diminishes cAMP responses.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	163-166
11544298-9	2001	However, they augmented cytokine production in response to phorbol ester stimulation or CD3 cross-linking by inducing the proliferation of NK cells and CD56(+) T cells that produce these cytokines at greater frequencies than other T cells.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	152-156
11525648-0	2001	Protein kinase C-dependent upregulation of N-cadherin expression by phorbol ester in human calvaria osteoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
11525648-0	2001	Protein kinase C-dependent upregulation of N-cadherin expression by phorbol ester in human calvaria osteoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	43-53
11525648-6	2001	RT-PCR analysis showed that transient treatment with phorbol ester transiently increased N-cadherin mRNA levels at 4-12 h. Western blot analysis showed that N-cadherin protein levels were increased by phorbol ester at 24-48 h, and this was confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	89-99
11525648-6	2001	RT-PCR analysis showed that transient treatment with phorbol ester transiently increased N-cadherin mRNA levels at 4-12 h. Western blot analysis showed that N-cadherin protein levels were increased by phorbol ester at 24-48 h, and this was confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	157-167
11525648-6	2001	RT-PCR analysis showed that transient treatment with phorbol ester transiently increased N-cadherin mRNA levels at 4-12 h. Western blot analysis showed that N-cadherin protein levels were increased by phorbol ester at 24-48 h, and this was confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	89-99
11525648-6	2001	RT-PCR analysis showed that transient treatment with phorbol ester transiently increased N-cadherin mRNA levels at 4-12 h. Western blot analysis showed that N-cadherin protein levels were increased by phorbol ester at 24-48 h, and this was confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	157-167
11525648-8	2001	Transient treatment of IHNC cells with phorbol ester increased cell-cell aggregation, which was suppressed by neutralizing N-cadherin antibody, showing that the increased N-cadherin induced by phorbol ester was functional.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	123-133
11525648-8	2001	Transient treatment of IHNC cells with phorbol ester increased cell-cell aggregation, which was suppressed by neutralizing N-cadherin antibody, showing that the increased N-cadherin induced by phorbol ester was functional.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	171-181
11525648-8	2001	Transient treatment of IHNC cells with phorbol ester increased cell-cell aggregation, which was suppressed by neutralizing N-cadherin antibody, showing that the increased N-cadherin induced by phorbol ester was functional.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	123-133
11525648-8	2001	Transient treatment of IHNC cells with phorbol ester increased cell-cell aggregation, which was suppressed by neutralizing N-cadherin antibody, showing that the increased N-cadherin induced by phorbol ester was functional.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	171-181
11525648-11	2001	These data show that direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester increases N-cadherin expression and function, and promotes ALP activity in human calvaria osteoblasts, which provides a signaling mechanism by which N-cadherin is regulated and suggests a role for PKC in N-cadherin-mediated control of human osteoblast differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	42-45
11454854-0	2001	The absence of activator protein 1-dependent gene expression in THP-1 macrophages stimulated with phorbol esters is due to lack of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-34
11525648-11	2001	These data show that direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester increases N-cadherin expression and function, and promotes ALP activity in human calvaria osteoblasts, which provides a signaling mechanism by which N-cadherin is regulated and suggests a role for PKC in N-cadherin-mediated control of human osteoblast differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	73-83
11525648-11	2001	These data show that direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester increases N-cadherin expression and function, and promotes ALP activity in human calvaria osteoblasts, which provides a signaling mechanism by which N-cadherin is regulated and suggests a role for PKC in N-cadherin-mediated control of human osteoblast differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	212-222
11525648-11	2001	These data show that direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester increases N-cadherin expression and function, and promotes ALP activity in human calvaria osteoblasts, which provides a signaling mechanism by which N-cadherin is regulated and suggests a role for PKC in N-cadherin-mediated control of human osteoblast differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	260-263
11525648-11	2001	These data show that direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester increases N-cadherin expression and function, and promotes ALP activity in human calvaria osteoblasts, which provides a signaling mechanism by which N-cadherin is regulated and suggests a role for PKC in N-cadherin-mediated control of human osteoblast differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	212-222
11500310-6	2001	In addition, internalization of the wild-type receptor and the DSEL mutant is stimulated by the PTH analog [Gly(1),Arg(19)]hPTH-(1-28), which does not stimulate phospholipase C. Forskolin, IBMX, and the active phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, did not promote receptor internalization or increase PTH-induced internalization.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	dermatan sulfate epimerase like	Homo sapiens	63-67
11500310-6	2001	In addition, internalization of the wild-type receptor and the DSEL mutant is stimulated by the PTH analog [Gly(1),Arg(19)]hPTH-(1-28), which does not stimulate phospholipase C. Forskolin, IBMX, and the active phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, did not promote receptor internalization or increase PTH-induced internalization.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	96-99
11564170-4	2001	Phorbol ester application increases BSSP expression in keratinocytes of the epidermis and the hair follicle several-fold starting 4 h post- treatment.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	kallikrein related-peptidase 6	Mus musculus	36-40
11532864-0	2001	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced AP-1-DNA binding, c-Jun protein and c-jun mRNA by dietary energy restriction is reversed by adrenalectomy in SENCAR mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	36-40
11532864-0	2001	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced AP-1-DNA binding, c-Jun protein and c-jun mRNA by dietary energy restriction is reversed by adrenalectomy in SENCAR mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	54-59
11532864-0	2001	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced AP-1-DNA binding, c-Jun protein and c-jun mRNA by dietary energy restriction is reversed by adrenalectomy in SENCAR mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	72-77
11530022-6	2001	It was further demonstrated that annexin V was secreted by isolated alveolar type II cells from rats and that the secretion was stimulated by the addition of phorbol ester (PMA), a potent stimulator of surfactant secretion.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	annexin A5	Rattus norvegicus	33-42
11524044-4	2001	This finding probably reflected pre-transcription/transcription effects of pH, in as much as the stability of TNF-alpha mRNA induced with phorbol ester was unaffected by the experimental pH(o) values.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	110-119
11532088-0	2001	Low-molecular-weight heparin prevents high glucose- and phorbol ester-induced TGF-beta 1 gene activation.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	78-88
11532081-19	2001	Phorbol ester (PMA) treatment stimulated a twofold increase in p38 MAPK activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	63-66
11532088-2	2001	Since previous in vivo studies demonstrated a renoprotective effect of low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin in experimental animals, and recent in vitro data showed an interaction of this drug with the overactivated TGF-beta 1 cascade in high glucose- and phorbol ester-stimulated mesangial cells, we studied the molecular mechanism of these effects on TGF-beta 1 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	254-267	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	214-224
11532081-19	2001	Phorbol ester (PMA) treatment stimulated a twofold increase in p38 MAPK activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
11435435-5	2001	HOXA7 message markedly decreased, and transglutaminase RNA increased, upon phorbol ester-induced differentiation, in a protein kinase C-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	homeobox A7	Homo sapiens	0-5
11680625-7	2001	Pretreatment of intact acini with a phorbol ester (4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) to activate PLD1 protein kinase C (PKC) dependently did not change the subcellular distribution of PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	phospholipase D1	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
11502881-3	2001	In this study, we investigated the effect of Wog on phorbol ester (PMA)-induced MCP-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECs).	Phorbol Esters	52-65	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
11435435-6	2001	Overexpression of HOXA7 attenuated the transglutaminase 1 induction by phorbol ester, demonstrating that HOXA7 expression is inversely related to keratinocyte differentiation, and to transglutaminase 1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	homeobox A7	Homo sapiens	18-23
11435435-6	2001	Overexpression of HOXA7 attenuated the transglutaminase 1 induction by phorbol ester, demonstrating that HOXA7 expression is inversely related to keratinocyte differentiation, and to transglutaminase 1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	39-57
11435435-6	2001	Overexpression of HOXA7 attenuated the transglutaminase 1 induction by phorbol ester, demonstrating that HOXA7 expression is inversely related to keratinocyte differentiation, and to transglutaminase 1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	homeobox A7	Homo sapiens	105-110
11435435-6	2001	Overexpression of HOXA7 attenuated the transglutaminase 1 induction by phorbol ester, demonstrating that HOXA7 expression is inversely related to keratinocyte differentiation, and to transglutaminase 1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	183-201
11435435-9	2001	HOX genes function in groups, and we found that HOXA5 and HOXB7 were also down-regulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	homeobox A5	Homo sapiens	48-53
11435435-9	2001	HOX genes function in groups, and we found that HOXA5 and HOXB7 were also down-regulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	homeobox B7	Homo sapiens	58-63
11500047-0	2001	Phorbol ester downregulates PDGFbeta receptor via PKCbeta1 in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	28-36
11518534-2	2001	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) is a member of the novel PKCs which are activated by acidic phospholipids, diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, but lack the calcium dependence of classical PKC isotypes.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-23
11518534-2	2001	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) is a member of the novel PKCs which are activated by acidic phospholipids, diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, but lack the calcium dependence of classical PKC isotypes.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	25-35
11518534-2	2001	Protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) is a member of the novel PKCs which are activated by acidic phospholipids, diacylglycerol and phorbol esters, but lack the calcium dependence of classical PKC isotypes.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	25-28
11506505-8	2001	Cells differed in their susceptibility towards inhibition by genistein of phorbol ester-induced proto-oncogene c-fos levels, transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	111-116
11513612-9	2001	In addition, the rotational correlation time of both PKCalpha and PKCdelta C1-domain-associated sapintoxin D, a fluorescent phorbol ester, was also a biphasic function of membrane lipid PE content.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	53-61
11513612-9	2001	In addition, the rotational correlation time of both PKCalpha and PKCdelta C1-domain-associated sapintoxin D, a fluorescent phorbol ester, was also a biphasic function of membrane lipid PE content.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	66-74
11431470-6	2001	In addition, treatment of cells with the PKC activator phorbol ester stimulated the ubiquitination of p53 and reduced its ability to accumulate after stress.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	41-44
11431470-6	2001	In addition, treatment of cells with the PKC activator phorbol ester stimulated the ubiquitination of p53 and reduced its ability to accumulate after stress.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	102-105
11500047-7	2001	Other PKC isoforms activated by phorbol ester also contribute to the inhibitory effects on cell growth.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	6-9
11358964-1	2001	Phorbol ester stimulation of the MAPK cascade is believed to be mediated through the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent activation of Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	103-106
11375402-5	2001	However, proline substitution at the P2" or P3" position or deletion of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain completely blocks the rapid phorbol ester-induced cleavage, but does not affect the slower basal proteolytic shedding.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	76-99
11375402-5	2001	However, proline substitution at the P2" or P3" position or deletion of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain completely blocks the rapid phorbol ester-induced cleavage, but does not affect the slower basal proteolytic shedding.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	101-104
11375402-8	2001	These results demonstrate that constitutive and induced L-selectin cleavage are separable processes and that the rapid phorbol ester-induced shedding requires the presence of the EGF domain, a sequence that is remote from the cleavage site.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	56-66
11375402-8	2001	These results demonstrate that constitutive and induced L-selectin cleavage are separable processes and that the rapid phorbol ester-induced shedding requires the presence of the EGF domain, a sequence that is remote from the cleavage site.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	179-182
11387339-6	2001	A dominant negative Bimp1 mutant inhibits NF-kappaB activation by anti-CD3 ligation, phorbol ester, and protein kinase C expression.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	caspase recruitment domain family, member 10	Mus musculus	20-25
11387339-6	2001	A dominant negative Bimp1 mutant inhibits NF-kappaB activation by anti-CD3 ligation, phorbol ester, and protein kinase C expression.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	42-51
11507081-4	2001	Degradation is confined to the subjacent matrix, is enhanced 2-3-fold by phorbol ester, and is strictly MMP-dependent, as it is blocked by BB-94 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 but not by inhibitors of serine and cysteine proteinases.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	139-189
11507081-7	2001	Phorbol ester treatment enhances collagen-induced MMP-2 activation, which is accompanied by the appearance of a surface-labeled M(r) 43,000 form of MT1-MMP.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	50-55
11507081-7	2001	Phorbol ester treatment enhances collagen-induced MMP-2 activation, which is accompanied by the appearance of a surface-labeled M(r) 43,000 form of MT1-MMP.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Homo sapiens	148-155
11397799-11	2001	significantly suppressed CPI-17 phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells, and the contraction of permeabilized rabbit femoral artery induced by stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14A	Sus scrofa	25-31
11478841-1	2001	Several phorbol esters are potent activators of protein kinase C. They down-regulate gap junctional intercellular communication and induce phosphorylation of connexin43, but the sensitivity and extent of responses vary much between systems.	Phorbol Esters	8-22	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	158-168
11478841-5	2001	Furthermore, the use of isotype-specific inhibitors of protein kinase C indicated that protein kinase C alpha, delta, and epsilon may be involved to different extents in different fibroblastic systems in the response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	220-234	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	87-109
11358964-1	2001	Phorbol ester stimulation of the MAPK cascade is believed to be mediated through the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent activation of Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	132-137
11454939-5	2001	Ethanol is known to suppress iNOS expression in C6 cells induced by a phorbol ester plus lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
11445672-6	2001	Treatment of lymphocytes with phorbol esters inhibited apoptosis and protected the cellular levels of the cThy28 protein and its transcript from undergoing this degradative process; however, analysis of transcripts of a "housekeeping" gene, GAPDH (glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase), revealed a similar response to this apoptosis treatment regimen.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	241-246
11445672-6	2001	Treatment of lymphocytes with phorbol esters inhibited apoptosis and protected the cellular levels of the cThy28 protein and its transcript from undergoing this degradative process; however, analysis of transcripts of a "housekeeping" gene, GAPDH (glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase), revealed a similar response to this apoptosis treatment regimen.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	248-286
11463359-0	2001	Phorbol ester-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase kinase and extracellular-signal-regulated protein kinase decreases glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Rattus norvegicus	174-195
11463359-2	2001	Here, we show that the phorbol ester PMA decreases both basal and dexamethasone/cAMP-induced expression of a luciferase gene under the control of the G6Pase promoter in transiently transfected H4IIE hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-156
11470465-7	2001	Phorbol ester mediated activation of protein kinase C and increasing intracellular Ca(2+) with ionomycin led to significant downregulation of adrenomedullin gene expression in cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	adrenomedullin	Rattus norvegicus	142-156
11529915-3	2001	On the other hand, phorbol esters such as PMA induce primary human CD34+ bone marrow (BM) progenitor cells to differentiate into functional DC and no other lineages are generated.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	67-71
11460267-6	2001	Pretreatment of cells with the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I, or downregulation of PKC by 24-h treatment with the phorbol ester TPA inhibited carbachol-induced MAPK activation.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	108-111
11573238-6	2001	Co-treatment with phorbol myristate acetate decreased vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and slowed appearance of new GRP78 molecules in response to the hormone, whereas 24 h pretreatment with phorbol ester prolonged vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and further increased rates of GRP78 synthesis in response to the hormone.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	54-65
11573238-6	2001	Co-treatment with phorbol myristate acetate decreased vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and slowed appearance of new GRP78 molecules in response to the hormone, whereas 24 h pretreatment with phorbol ester prolonged vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and further increased rates of GRP78 synthesis in response to the hormone.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	125-130
11573238-6	2001	Co-treatment with phorbol myristate acetate decreased vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and slowed appearance of new GRP78 molecules in response to the hormone, whereas 24 h pretreatment with phorbol ester prolonged vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and further increased rates of GRP78 synthesis in response to the hormone.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	224-235
11573238-6	2001	Co-treatment with phorbol myristate acetate decreased vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and slowed appearance of new GRP78 molecules in response to the hormone, whereas 24 h pretreatment with phorbol ester prolonged vasopressin-dependent Ca(2+) mobilization and further increased rates of GRP78 synthesis in response to the hormone.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	297-302
11454555-7	2001	Exposure to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 50 ng/ml) resulted in a 30% increase in zymographic gelatinase activity and a 63% increase in MMP-2 content (P < 0.05), suggesting that protein kinase C activation may be an intracellular mechanism for MMP induction.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	162-167
11526432-0	2001	Mitochondrial targeting of JNK/SAPK in the phorbol ester response of myeloid leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	27-35
11461775-0	2001	Physiological amounts of ascorbate potentiate phorbol ester-induced nuclear-binding of AP-1 transcription factor in cells of macrophagic lineage.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	87-91
11520892-2	2001	We found that NMDA-mediated death of HEK cells transfected with NR1/NR2A subunits was increased by exposure to phorbol esters and reduced by inhibitors of PKC activation, or PKC down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	111-125	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A	Homo sapiens	68-72
11587480-0	2001	Characterizing the expression of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters (P-gp, MRP1, and MRP2) in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 cells after induction with sodium butyrate and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	33-39
11592732-0	2001	Docosahexaenoic acid modulates phorbol ester-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 in NIH/3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	67-113
11697499-5	2001	Activation of B-cells with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore and of T-cells with phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) upregulated IL4 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	120-123
11587480-0	2001	Characterizing the expression of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters (P-gp, MRP1, and MRP2) in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 cells after induction with sodium butyrate and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	65-69
11587480-0	2001	Characterizing the expression of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters (P-gp, MRP1, and MRP2) in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 cells after induction with sodium butyrate and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2	Homo sapiens	81-85
11587480-0	2001	Characterizing the expression of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters (P-gp, MRP1, and MRP2) in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 cells after induction with sodium butyrate and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	90-96
11522023-6	2001	Both, uPAR and suPAR became upregulated 2-4 fold after activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester, which required de-novo protein biosynthesis.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	6-10
11441065-3	2001	The T cell lymphoma line HuT 78 secretes IL-2 in response to the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	41-45
11467851-2	2001	Phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C (PKC) promote alpha-secretase-mediated processing of the beta amyloid precursor protein (APP), which generally reduces formation of Abeta.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	178-183
11410863-5	2001	Inhibition of PKC activity augmented the susceptibility of HT-29 cells to apoptosis, and phorbol ester induction of PKC reduced such susceptibility.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
11483362-10	2001	A 1.8 kb 5" flanking region of the MKP-2 gene is sufficient to mediate transcriptional activation of the luciferase reporter gene by phorbol ester in GH3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	dual specificity phosphatase 4	Rattus norvegicus	35-40
11444823-5	2001	On the other hand, the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-Tetredecanolyphorbol 13-acetate) also inhibited HepG2 growth and specifically induced p-16(INK4a) and p-15(INK4b) mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	148-152
11454957-17	2001	The expression of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in HEK293 cells was examined by immunoblotting, and their translocation in response to phorbol ester treatment by cellular extraction.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	47-50
11444823-5	2001	On the other hand, the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-Tetredecanolyphorbol 13-acetate) also inhibited HepG2 growth and specifically induced p-16(INK4a) and p-15(INK4b) mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	153-158
11444823-5	2001	On the other hand, the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-Tetredecanolyphorbol 13-acetate) also inhibited HepG2 growth and specifically induced p-16(INK4a) and p-15(INK4b) mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B	Homo sapiens	164-168
11444823-5	2001	On the other hand, the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA (12-O-Tetredecanolyphorbol 13-acetate) also inhibited HepG2 growth and specifically induced p-16(INK4a) and p-15(INK4b) mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B	Homo sapiens	169-174
11309389-0	2001	Growth hormone (GH)-induced dimerization inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated GH receptor proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	somatotropin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-14
11368875-5	2001	Phorbol ester markedly stimulated PSCA gene expression in a cycloheximide- and actinomycin-inhibitable manner after a lag phase of 10 h, indicating that transcription of the PSCA gene is regulated by protein kinase C and a newly synthesized protein.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prostate stem cell antigen	Homo sapiens	34-38
11368875-5	2001	Phorbol ester markedly stimulated PSCA gene expression in a cycloheximide- and actinomycin-inhibitable manner after a lag phase of 10 h, indicating that transcription of the PSCA gene is regulated by protein kinase C and a newly synthesized protein.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prostate stem cell antigen	Homo sapiens	174-178
11368875-0	2001	PSCA expression is regulated by phorbol ester and cell adhesion in the bladder carcinoma cell line RT112.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	prostate stem cell antigen	Homo sapiens	0-4
11309389-0	2001	Growth hormone (GH)-induced dimerization inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated GH receptor proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	somatotropin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	16-18
11309389-0	2001	Growth hormone (GH)-induced dimerization inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated GH receptor proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	growth hormone receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	75-86
11404234-4	2001	Treatment with phorbol ester [12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) 100 nM], an activator of protein kinase C, significantly enhanced 1,25(OH)2D3-induced OPN mRNA and transcription but had no effect on VDR or on 24(OH)ase mRNA or transcription.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-163
11404234-4	2001	Treatment with phorbol ester [12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) 100 nM], an activator of protein kinase C, significantly enhanced 1,25(OH)2D3-induced OPN mRNA and transcription but had no effect on VDR or on 24(OH)ase mRNA or transcription.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	vitamin D receptor	Rattus norvegicus	208-211
11448934-7	2001	Moreover, treatment with phorbol ester resulted in enhanced expression of the Cap43 gene in human monocytic cells in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	N-myc downstream regulated 1	Homo sapiens	78-83
11406493-5	2001	LPC-stimulated PYK2 phosphorylation was inhibited by calcium chelators, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N",N"-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester, EGTA, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, GF-109203X, or PKC depletion by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	222-236	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Bos taurus	15-19
11406504-4	2001	Downregulation of PKC activity by prolonged incubation with phorbol ester or inhibition of PKC with chelerythrine in SMC diminished agonist-stimulated proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
11478501-1	2001	The phorbol ester, TPA, transiently increases the transepithelial permeability across the gastrointestinal epithelium formed by IEC-18.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	19-22
11510751-8	2001	Induction of MKP-1 gene expressions by Ang II was inhibited by pretreatment with an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, BAPTA-AM, or with the protein kinase C inhibitors, H-7 and Calphostin C. Phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore both significantly increased MKP-1 mRNA levels and showed synergistic action.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	dual specificity phosphatase 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
11506744-1	2001	Treatment of T cells with phorbol esters, such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), induces downregulation of CD4, making unambiguous identification of this subset difficult.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	109-112
11431495-8	2001	On the other hand, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which does not affect TASK-1, produces strong inhibition of KT3.2 currents.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 9	Homo sapiens	136-141
11466562-7	2001	We found that ASH2L is downregulated rapidly and dramatically in K562, Hel, and Dami cells during phorbol ester induced differentiation with megakaryocytic features.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	ASH2 like, histone lysine methyltransferase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	14-19
11401965-5	2001	A phorbol ester induced a down-regulation of CD62L and blocked the LPS-induced expression of CD14.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	45-50
11401965-5	2001	A phorbol ester induced a down-regulation of CD62L and blocked the LPS-induced expression of CD14.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	CD14 antigen	Mus musculus	93-97
11418640-7	2001	Concomitant with anti-CD44 Ab- or phorbol ester-induced CD44 shedding, dramatic changes are observed in cell morphology and the structure of the actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	22-26
11418640-7	2001	Concomitant with anti-CD44 Ab- or phorbol ester-induced CD44 shedding, dramatic changes are observed in cell morphology and the structure of the actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	56-60
11418640-10	2001	We conclude that the CD44 sheddase and TACE are distinct enzymes, and that Ab- and phorbol ester-enhanced cleavage of CD44 is controlled in a cell type-dependent fashion by Rho GTPases through the cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	21-25
11418640-10	2001	We conclude that the CD44 sheddase and TACE are distinct enzymes, and that Ab- and phorbol ester-enhanced cleavage of CD44 is controlled in a cell type-dependent fashion by Rho GTPases through the cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	39-43
11418640-10	2001	We conclude that the CD44 sheddase and TACE are distinct enzymes, and that Ab- and phorbol ester-enhanced cleavage of CD44 is controlled in a cell type-dependent fashion by Rho GTPases through the cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	118-122
11478406-1	2001	BACKGROUND: In the obesity model of the Zucker rat, myocardial protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester is impaired.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	63-79
11478406-1	2001	BACKGROUND: In the obesity model of the Zucker rat, myocardial protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester is impaired.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
11461971-5	2001	The phorbol ester TPA produced an increase in ERK phosphorylation that was blocked by the PKC inhibitors GF109203X or Go6976.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
11510751-8	2001	Induction of MKP-1 gene expressions by Ang II was inhibited by pretreatment with an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, BAPTA-AM, or with the protein kinase C inhibitors, H-7 and Calphostin C. Phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore both significantly increased MKP-1 mRNA levels and showed synergistic action.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	39-45
11521967-7	2001	Compared to parental INS-1 cells, iPLA2beta-overexpressing cells proliferate more rapidly and exhibit amplified insulin secretory responses to a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, glucose, and a cAMP analog.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	phospholipase A2 group VI	Rattus norvegicus	34-43
11309397-5	2001	Depletion of PKC prevented the thrombin-induced GDI phosphorylation and Rho activation, thereby indicating that these events occurred downstream of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isozyme activation.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	13-16
11451996-6	2001	After stimulation with phorbol ester we observed a translocation and a colocalization of the activated PKC alpha at the plasma membrane to the surrounding extracellular matrix.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	103-112
11500965-6	2001	These data suggest that ERKs are activated by PKC in response to TPA treatment and are downstream mediators of the gap junction effects of the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
11500965-6	2001	These data suggest that ERKs are activated by PKC in response to TPA treatment and are downstream mediators of the gap junction effects of the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
11309397-5	2001	Depletion of PKC prevented the thrombin-induced GDI phosphorylation and Rho activation, thereby indicating that these events occurred downstream of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isozyme activation.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	31-39
11309397-5	2001	Depletion of PKC prevented the thrombin-induced GDI phosphorylation and Rho activation, thereby indicating that these events occurred downstream of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isozyme activation.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	172-175
11259407-5	2001	In transient transfections, ESE-3 behaves as a repressor of the Ras- or phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of a subset of promoters that contain ETS and AP-1 binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	ETS homologous factor	Homo sapiens	28-33
11304541-0	2001	Coactivator p300 acetylates the interferon regulatory factor-2 in U937 cells following phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	E1A binding protein p300	Homo sapiens	12-16
11304541-0	2001	Coactivator p300 acetylates the interferon regulatory factor-2 in U937 cells following phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	interferon regulatory factor 2	Homo sapiens	32-62
11304541-3	2001	U937 cells are shown to respond to phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to induce expression of histone acetylases p300 and p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF).	Phorbol Esters	35-48	E1A binding protein p300	Homo sapiens	135-139
11304541-3	2001	U937 cells are shown to respond to phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to induce expression of histone acetylases p300 and p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF).	Phorbol Esters	35-48	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	144-170
11304541-3	2001	U937 cells are shown to respond to phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to induce expression of histone acetylases p300 and p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF).	Phorbol Esters	35-48	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	172-176
11422447-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	108-121	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Mus musculus	4-7
11394879-4	2001	Cultured NPE cells responded to treatment with phorbol ester by enhancing the expression of rhodopsin mRNA three- to fourfold.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	92-101
11467306-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	108-121	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Mus musculus	4-7
11422447-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	108-121	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	29-33
11467306-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	108-121	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	29-33
11467306-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Mus musculus	4-7
11422447-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1	Mus musculus	4-7
11467306-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	29-33
11422447-7	2001	The S1P-evoked activation of Erk1 was totally blocked in astrocytes pretreated with a combination of either phorbol ester (24 h) and LY294002, or phorbol ester (24 h) and pertussis toxin (PTX).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	29-33
11334962-4	2001	While CD163 is expressed as a membrane-bound protein, it has been shown to be actively shed from the surface of monocytes in a protease-dependent fashion when cells are stimulated with a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	CD163 molecule	Homo sapiens	6-11
11278612-1	2001	The C1 domains of conventional and novel protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms bind diacylglycerol and phorbol esters with high affinity.	Phorbol Esters	97-111	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	59-62
11278612-11	2001	In terms of specific PKC isoforms, our results suggest that the presence of Arg-20 in PKC-zeta may contribute to its lack of phorbol ester binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	86-94
11485349-7	2001	In both cell types, PI-9 is up-regulated at the mRNA and protein level by exposure to the phorbol ester PMA, consistent with a response to inflammatory stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	serpin family B member 9	Homo sapiens	20-24
11356925-5	2001	Activation of protein kinase C with a phorbol ester also reduced 5-HT(1A) receptor function.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	65-82
11352745-1	2001	Phorbol ester-induced conventional protein kinase C (PKCalpha, -betaIota/IotaIota, and -gamma) isozyme activities are potentiated by 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	53-61
11278894-5	2001	In this paper we report that like PKC isozymes, beta2-chimaerin is translocated by phorbol esters from the cytosolic to particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	34-37
11278894-5	2001	In this paper we report that like PKC isozymes, beta2-chimaerin is translocated by phorbol esters from the cytosolic to particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
11278894-7	2001	The subcellular redistribution of beta2-chimaerin by phorbol esters is entirely dependent on the C1 domain, as revealed by deletional analysis and site-directed mutagenesis.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	34-39
11278894-8	2001	Interestingly, beta2-chimaerin translocates to the Golgi apparatus after phorbol ester treatment, as revealed by co-staining with the Golgi marker BODIPY-TR-ceramide.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	15-20
11278894-11	2001	Phorbol esters also promote the association of beta2-chimaerin with Rac in cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	47-52
11278894-11	2001	Phorbol esters also promote the association of beta2-chimaerin with Rac in cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
11278894-1	2001	The novel phorbol ester receptor beta2-chimaerin is a Rac-GAP protein possessing a single copy of the C1 domain, a 50-amino acid motif initially identified in protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes that is involved in phorbol ester and diacylglycerol binding.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	33-38
11278894-1	2001	The novel phorbol ester receptor beta2-chimaerin is a Rac-GAP protein possessing a single copy of the C1 domain, a 50-amino acid motif initially identified in protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes that is involved in phorbol ester and diacylglycerol binding.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
11278894-1	2001	The novel phorbol ester receptor beta2-chimaerin is a Rac-GAP protein possessing a single copy of the C1 domain, a 50-amino acid motif initially identified in protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes that is involved in phorbol ester and diacylglycerol binding.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	177-180
11278894-2	2001	We have previously shown that, like PKCs, beta2-chimaerin binds phorbol esters with high affinity in a phospholipid-dependent manner (Caloca, M. J., Fernandez, M. N., Lewin, N. E., Ching, D., Modali, R., Blumberg, P. M., and Kazanietz, M. G. (1997) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
11352745-8	2001	The results reveal HAG to be a member of a new class of "nonactivating" compounds that modulate PKC activity by interacting with the low-affinity phorbol ester binding site.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	96-99
11376874-8	2001	Retinoic acid elicited synergistic effects on the CNP secretion rate from HL-60 cells when administered with lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma, interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	50-53
11342610-1	2001	Protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol esters protect T cells from Fas-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	18-21
11309494-4	2001	This strong stimulatory effect was in the range obtained with phorbol esters and was further increased in cells overexpressing ADAM 10.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10	Homo sapiens	127-134
11278735-6	2001	One of the TRANCE sheddases is induced by the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate but not by phorbol esters, whereas the other is refractory to both of these stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	TNF superfamily member 11	Homo sapiens	11-17
11302872-3	2001	After stimulation with phorbol ester/ionomycin, expression of the intracellular cytokines IFNgamma, IL2, IL4, and IL10 was determined in CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD8- T cells by flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	90-98
11302872-3	2001	After stimulation with phorbol ester/ionomycin, expression of the intracellular cytokines IFNgamma, IL2, IL4, and IL10 was determined in CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD8- T cells by flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	100-103
11302872-3	2001	After stimulation with phorbol ester/ionomycin, expression of the intracellular cytokines IFNgamma, IL2, IL4, and IL10 was determined in CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD8- T cells by flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	114-118
11302872-3	2001	After stimulation with phorbol ester/ionomycin, expression of the intracellular cytokines IFNgamma, IL2, IL4, and IL10 was determined in CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD8- T cells by flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	147-150
11302872-3	2001	After stimulation with phorbol ester/ionomycin, expression of the intracellular cytokines IFNgamma, IL2, IL4, and IL10 was determined in CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD8- T cells by flow cytometry.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	160-163
11301043-5	2001	Treatment with phorbol ester and dexamethasone increased histidine decarboxylase expression and intracellular histamine levels in C57.1 mast cells to a greater extent than those found for other transformed basophilic models.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	histidine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	57-80
11369514-0	2001	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is induced through phorbol ester--and glycated human albumin-dependent pathway in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-27
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	20-68
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	70-79
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	114-123
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	211-220
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	211-220
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	289-302	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	70-79
11369514-2	2001	Since the fact that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) ligands inhibit the induction of TNF-alpha by phorbol ester, but not by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggests two pathways to induce TNF-alpha, we investigated the mechanisms of glycated human albumin (GHA)- or phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	289-302	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	114-123
11369514-3	2001	GHA induced TNF-alpha release in differentiated THP-1 cells, while phorbol ester induced TNF-alpha release in undifferentiated cells but did not induce TNF-alpha in differentiated cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	89-98
11369514-3	2001	GHA induced TNF-alpha release in differentiated THP-1 cells, while phorbol ester induced TNF-alpha release in undifferentiated cells but did not induce TNF-alpha in differentiated cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	89-98
11301043-0	2001	Effects of phorbol ester and dexamethasone treatment on histidine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase in basophilic cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	histidine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	56-79
11301043-0	2001	Effects of phorbol ester and dexamethasone treatment on histidine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase in basophilic cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	84-107
11331222-8	2001	Five PKC isoforms (alpha, beta1, epsilon, delta and zeta) were detected in leiomyoma cells, but only phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms (PKCalpha, epsilon and delta) contribute to the potentiating effect of leiomyoma cell growth by ET-1.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	139-166
11376874-6	2001	RESULTS: The secretion rates of CNP from THP-1 and HL-60 cells were augmented according to the degree of their differentiation into macrophage-like cells under the stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	32-35
11376874-6	2001	RESULTS: The secretion rates of CNP from THP-1 and HL-60 cells were augmented according to the degree of their differentiation into macrophage-like cells under the stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	41-46
11380624-0	2001	Requirement of Syk-phospholipase C-gamma2 pathway for phorbol ester-induced phospholipase D activation in DT40 cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Gallus gallus	15-18
11380624-1	2001	BACKGROUND: Treatment of many cell types with phorbol esters stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity implying regulation of the enzyme by protein kinase C. Studies of the effects of several protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors have suggested that PTK(s) play some roles in the phorbol ester-induced PLD activation, but it remains unclear how and which PTK(s) is involved in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	89-92
11376874-9	2001	In contrast, the phorbol ester-stimulated CNP secretion rate from THP-1 cells was suppressed with dexamethasone, which inhibits monocyte differentiation into macrophage.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	42-45
11380624-1	2001	BACKGROUND: Treatment of many cell types with phorbol esters stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity implying regulation of the enzyme by protein kinase C. Studies of the effects of several protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors have suggested that PTK(s) play some roles in the phorbol ester-induced PLD activation, but it remains unclear how and which PTK(s) is involved in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	305-308
11380624-1	2001	BACKGROUND: Treatment of many cell types with phorbol esters stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity implying regulation of the enzyme by protein kinase C. Studies of the effects of several protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors have suggested that PTK(s) play some roles in the phorbol ester-induced PLD activation, but it remains unclear how and which PTK(s) is involved in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	89-92
11376874-9	2001	In contrast, the phorbol ester-stimulated CNP secretion rate from THP-1 cells was suppressed with dexamethasone, which inhibits monocyte differentiation into macrophage.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
11380624-1	2001	BACKGROUND: Treatment of many cell types with phorbol esters stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity implying regulation of the enzyme by protein kinase C. Studies of the effects of several protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors have suggested that PTK(s) play some roles in the phorbol ester-induced PLD activation, but it remains unclear how and which PTK(s) is involved in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	305-308
11312156-2	2001	Using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines stably transfected either with the full-length human GH receptor (hGHR) or with the cytoplasmic domain-truncated hGHR (hGHR(tr)), we show that the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), caused a rapid time- and dose-dependent increase in GHBP secretion, which, as expected, was matched by a corresponding decrease in cell-surface GHR.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	158-172
11380624-2	2001	In this study, we investigated the roles of Syk and other PTKs for the phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced PLD activation in K562 and DT40 cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	44-47
11380624-2	2001	In this study, we investigated the roles of Syk and other PTKs for the phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced PLD activation in K562 and DT40 cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	138-141
11699875-10	2001	These results suggest that insulin-induced glucose uptake is mainly mediated by PI 3-kinase-PKCzeta signaling, whereas phorbol ester-induced glucose uptake is mainly mediated by conventional PKC despite PI 3-kinase and PKCzeta activations.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	WAP four-disulfide core domain 15B	Rattus norvegicus	203-207
11278415-3	2001	In vitro, annexin 7 is quantitatively phosphorylated by protein kinase C to a mole ratio of 2.0, and phosphorylation is extraordinarily sensitive to variables such as pH, calcium, phospholipid, phorbol ester, and annexin 7 concentration.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	annexin A7	Homo sapiens	10-19
11278581-8	2001	In addition, UTI-induced suppression of phorbol ester stimulated up-regulation of uPA is inhibited by reagents that were shown to prevent binding of UTI to the 40- and 45-kDa proteins.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	82-85
11331404-11	2001	Confocal microscopic analysis using EGFP-fused DAT revealed that the activation of PKC by phorbol ester elicited fluorescent DAT to be internalized into the intracellular space both in wild-type and PKC null mutant DAT in a similar way.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	47-50
11331404-11	2001	Confocal microscopic analysis using EGFP-fused DAT revealed that the activation of PKC by phorbol ester elicited fluorescent DAT to be internalized into the intracellular space both in wild-type and PKC null mutant DAT in a similar way.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	125-128
11331404-11	2001	Confocal microscopic analysis using EGFP-fused DAT revealed that the activation of PKC by phorbol ester elicited fluorescent DAT to be internalized into the intracellular space both in wild-type and PKC null mutant DAT in a similar way.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	125-128
11278713-7	2001	Inducible stabilization of PAI-2 mRNA in HT-1080 cells treated with phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor does not alter the binding of proteins to the exon 4 instability determinant, but resulted in a transient increase in the binding of factors to the AU-rich RNA instability element.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	27-32
11336804-8	2001	PLD activity was furthermore increased by 8Br-cAMP and following acute (30 min) stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	125-138	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-3
11290614-0	2001	Phorbol ester up-regulates capacities for nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase in Mono Mac 6 cells and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	87-101
11284700-7	2001	PKCalpha was activated in a phorbol ester- and Ca(2+)-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-8
11278336-3	2001	Ligands of PPARgamma inhibited phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	11-20
11278336-3	2001	Ligands of PPARgamma inhibited phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	106-111
11278345-5	2001	Synaptosomal phosphorylation of NSF is stimulated by phorbol esters and is inhibited by staurosporine, chelerythrine, bisindolylmaleimide I, calphostin C, and Ro31-8220 but not the calmodulin kinase II inhibitor, Kn-93, suggesting a role for protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	53-67	N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor, vesicle fusing ATPase	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
11298789-0	2001	Phorbol esters promote postsynaptic accumulation of Vesl-1S/Homer-1a protein.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	homer scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	60-68
11254493-3	2001	The IkappaB kinase complex (IKK) mediates activation of NF-kappaB in response to various extracellular stimuli, including inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1, human T cell lymphoma virus 1 Tax protein, and tumor promoters like phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	259-273	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	28-31
11277940-3	2001	Here, we show that prolonged exposure of cells to phorbol esters results in a decrease in guanylate cyclase C content in 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated cells, as a consequence of a decrease in guanylate cyclase C mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	natriuretic peptide receptor 3	Homo sapiens	90-109
11277940-3	2001	Here, we show that prolonged exposure of cells to phorbol esters results in a decrease in guanylate cyclase C content in 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated cells, as a consequence of a decrease in guanylate cyclase C mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	natriuretic peptide receptor 3	Homo sapiens	208-227
11298789-1	2001	We examined effects of phorbol esters on the amount and the subcellular distribution of the activity-regulated protein Vesl-1S/Homer-1a in cultured hippocampal neurons.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	homer scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	127-135
11259631-1	2001	Transgenic mice (K5-PKC alpha) in which the keratin 5 promoter directs the expression of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC alpha) to epidermal keratinocytes display a 10-fold increase in PKC alpha protein in their epidermis and alterations in phorbol ester-induced cutaneous inflammation [J Cell Science 1999;112:3497-3506].	Phorbol Esters	237-250	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	113-122
11286618-1	2001	The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA and protein is regulated by a number of agents including growth factors, cytokines, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	18-52
11283231-11	2001	Application of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 1 M) shifted the voltage dependence of erg1 activation in the depolarizing direction, but it did not reduce the maximal current amplitude.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
11259586-6	2001	Activation of p38 MAPK by arsenite also potently abrogated stimulation of MMP-1 gene expression by constitutively active Ras and Raf-1 and by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
11259586-6	2001	Activation of p38 MAPK by arsenite also potently abrogated stimulation of MMP-1 gene expression by constitutively active Ras and Raf-1 and by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	74-79
11259586-8	2001	Furthermore, arsenite prevented phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 kinase-MEK1,2, and this effect was dependent on p38-mediated activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	73-79
11259586-8	2001	Furthermore, arsenite prevented phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 kinase-MEK1,2, and this effect was dependent on p38-mediated activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	87-93
11259586-8	2001	Furthermore, arsenite prevented phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 kinase-MEK1,2, and this effect was dependent on p38-mediated activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
11331247-1	2001	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) cooperates with c-Src overexpression to transform rat fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	93-98
11250655-3	2001	In the presence of 1,25(OH)2D, phorbol esters rapidly increased CYP24 mRNA levels in IEC-18 cells from almost undetectable to levels seen in IEC-6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-69
11259586-3	2001	The activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1)/ERK2 (designated ERK1,2) pathway by oncogenic Ras, constitutively active Raf-1, or phorbol ester resulted in potent stimulation of MMP-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	22-61
11259586-3	2001	The activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1)/ERK2 (designated ERK1,2) pathway by oncogenic Ras, constitutively active Raf-1, or phorbol ester resulted in potent stimulation of MMP-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
11259586-3	2001	The activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1)/ERK2 (designated ERK1,2) pathway by oncogenic Ras, constitutively active Raf-1, or phorbol ester resulted in potent stimulation of MMP-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
11259586-3	2001	The activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1)/ERK2 (designated ERK1,2) pathway by oncogenic Ras, constitutively active Raf-1, or phorbol ester resulted in potent stimulation of MMP-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	86-92
11259586-3	2001	The activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1)/ERK2 (designated ERK1,2) pathway by oncogenic Ras, constitutively active Raf-1, or phorbol ester resulted in potent stimulation of MMP-1 promoter activity and mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	200-205
11259586-8	2001	Furthermore, arsenite prevented phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 kinase-MEK1,2, and this effect was dependent on p38-mediated activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	155-176
11259586-8	2001	Furthermore, arsenite prevented phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 kinase-MEK1,2, and this effect was dependent on p38-mediated activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	178-181
11259586-8	2001	Furthermore, arsenite prevented phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 kinase-MEK1,2, and this effect was dependent on p38-mediated activation of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator	Homo sapiens	187-191
11259631-1	2001	Transgenic mice (K5-PKC alpha) in which the keratin 5 promoter directs the expression of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC alpha) to epidermal keratinocytes display a 10-fold increase in PKC alpha protein in their epidermis and alterations in phorbol ester-induced cutaneous inflammation [J Cell Science 1999;112:3497-3506].	Phorbol Esters	237-250	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	113-122
11257115-8	2001	Coimmunoprecipitation of DGK zeta and RasGRP was enhanced in the presence of phorbol esters, which are DAG analogues that cannot be metabolized by DGKs, suggesting that DAG signaling can induce their interaction.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	diacylglycerol kinase zeta	Homo sapiens	25-33
11451381-0	2001	Phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated altered expression and regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in a H-ras transformed cell line capable of benign tumour formation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	76-102
11451381-0	2001	Phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated altered expression and regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in a H-ras transformed cell line capable of benign tumour formation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	108-113
11451381-2	2001	The present study demonstrates alterations in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in response to the phorbol ester tumour promoter, PMA, in a H-ras transformed cell line, NR3, which is capable of benign tumour formation.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	64-90
11451381-2	2001	The present study demonstrates alterations in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in response to the phorbol ester tumour promoter, PMA, in a H-ras transformed cell line, NR3, which is capable of benign tumour formation.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	92-97
11451381-2	2001	The present study demonstrates alterations in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in response to the phorbol ester tumour promoter, PMA, in a H-ras transformed cell line, NR3, which is capable of benign tumour formation.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	peroneal muscular atrophy	Mus musculus	160-163
11451381-2	2001	The present study demonstrates alterations in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in response to the phorbol ester tumour promoter, PMA, in a H-ras transformed cell line, NR3, which is capable of benign tumour formation.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	170-175
11179825-0	2001	Capsaicin suppresses phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappaB/Rel and AP-1 transcription factors in mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	57-66
11179825-0	2001	Capsaicin suppresses phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappaB/Rel and AP-1 transcription factors in mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	75-79
11179825-2	2001	In the present study, topical application of capsaicin onto dorsal skin of female ICR mice strongly suppressed phorbol ester-stimulated activation of NF-kappaB via blockade of IkappaB-alpha degradation with subsequent inhibition of nuclear translocation of the functionally active NF-kappaB subunit, p65.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	150-159
11179825-2	2001	In the present study, topical application of capsaicin onto dorsal skin of female ICR mice strongly suppressed phorbol ester-stimulated activation of NF-kappaB via blockade of IkappaB-alpha degradation with subsequent inhibition of nuclear translocation of the functionally active NF-kappaB subunit, p65.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	176-189
11179825-2	2001	In the present study, topical application of capsaicin onto dorsal skin of female ICR mice strongly suppressed phorbol ester-stimulated activation of NF-kappaB via blockade of IkappaB-alpha degradation with subsequent inhibition of nuclear translocation of the functionally active NF-kappaB subunit, p65.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	281-290
11179825-2	2001	In the present study, topical application of capsaicin onto dorsal skin of female ICR mice strongly suppressed phorbol ester-stimulated activation of NF-kappaB via blockade of IkappaB-alpha degradation with subsequent inhibition of nuclear translocation of the functionally active NF-kappaB subunit, p65.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	300-303
11179825-3	2001	Likewise, phorbol ester-induced activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) was abolished by capsaicin pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	46-65
11179825-3	2001	Likewise, phorbol ester-induced activation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) was abolished by capsaicin pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	67-71
11263991-6	2001	Functional experiments revealed that tetanus toxin pretreatment, which cleaved VAMP-2 in eosinophils, significantly inhibited both IgE receptor- and phorbol ester-mediated exocytosis of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from streptolysin-O-permeabilized eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	vesicle associated membrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	79-85
11263991-6	2001	Functional experiments revealed that tetanus toxin pretreatment, which cleaved VAMP-2 in eosinophils, significantly inhibited both IgE receptor- and phorbol ester-mediated exocytosis of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from streptolysin-O-permeabilized eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	ribonuclease A family member 3	Homo sapiens	186-213
11263991-6	2001	Functional experiments revealed that tetanus toxin pretreatment, which cleaved VAMP-2 in eosinophils, significantly inhibited both IgE receptor- and phorbol ester-mediated exocytosis of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from streptolysin-O-permeabilized eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	ribonuclease A family member 3	Homo sapiens	215-218
11283245-5	2001	In particular, we show that PKC activation by phorbol ester treatment of cells blocks growth factor-induced Ral activation while it enhances Erk activation.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	108-111
11283245-9	2001	Instead, suppression of Ral-GDS activation occurs through the region N terminal to the catalytic domain, which becomes phosphorylated in response to phorbol ester treatment of cells.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	24-27
11283256-10	2001	MRCK kinase activity was also elevated when cells were treated with phorbol ester, which can interact directly with a cysteine-rich domain next to the distal CC domain.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
11283256-11	2001	We therefore suggest that binding of phorbol ester to MRCK releases its autoinhibition, allowing N-terminal dimerization and subsequent kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha	Homo sapiens	54-58
11287779-6	2001	The stimulating effect of high glucose on MCP-1 expression in HMC was mimicked by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with the phorbol ester PMA (20 nM).	Phorbol Esters	128-141	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
11384204-5	2001	CsA (100 ng/ml) potently inhibited phorbol ester- and tachykinin-evoked TNF-alpha secretion.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
11277982-1	2001	Previous studies have demonstrated that astrocyte cultures express neuropeptide Y (NPY) in a regulated manner, namely, phorbol ester leads to an increase in proNPY-mRNA and NPY production.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	67-81
11277982-1	2001	Previous studies have demonstrated that astrocyte cultures express neuropeptide Y (NPY) in a regulated manner, namely, phorbol ester leads to an increase in proNPY-mRNA and NPY production.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	83-86
11277982-1	2001	Previous studies have demonstrated that astrocyte cultures express neuropeptide Y (NPY) in a regulated manner, namely, phorbol ester leads to an increase in proNPY-mRNA and NPY production.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	160-163
11257115-8	2001	Coimmunoprecipitation of DGK zeta and RasGRP was enhanced in the presence of phorbol esters, which are DAG analogues that cannot be metabolized by DGKs, suggesting that DAG signaling can induce their interaction.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	38-44
11166910-0	2001	Inhibition by costunolide of phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in a human monocyte cell line THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	81-112
11237743-6	2001	This indicates that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms including PKCdelta are involved in MAPK activation.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	44-47
11237743-6	2001	This indicates that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms including PKCdelta are involved in MAPK activation.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	67-75
11246227-5	2001	Neurons were plated onto mixed astrocyte monolayers in the presence of agents that either downregulate the phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms or inhibit PKC.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	131-134
11246227-7	2001	On astrocyte monolayers, phorbol ester modulation of PKC but not PKC inhibitors resulted in a decrease in overall neurite extension.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
11246227-9	2001	Thus, phorbol-ester-sensitive PKC isoforms direct the guidance of neurites by astrocyte-derived matrix molecules.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	30-33
11237736-4	2001	Here we show that in Jurkat cells the activity of the CBP C-terminal transactivation domain is strongly upregulated in response to either T cell receptor stimulation or the combination of ionomycin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	CREB binding protein	Homo sapiens	54-57
11237743-6	2001	This indicates that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms including PKCdelta are involved in MAPK activation.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-96
11166910-0	2001	Inhibition by costunolide of phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in a human monocyte cell line THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	148-153
11237743-7	2001	Thus, we show that the MAPK cascade is required for GSA-induced proliferation, and that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms contribute to cell activation and proliferation in GSA-stimulated VSMC.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	112-115
11152667-4	2001	In the current study, we have shown that the level of IKLF mRNA was nearly undetectable in serum-deprived NIH3T3 fibroblasts but became acutely and significantly increased upon the addition of fetal bovine serum or the phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	219-232	Kruppel-like factor 5	Mus musculus	54-58
11181529-0	2001	Phorbol ester- and growth factor-induced growth hormone (GH) receptor proteolysis and GH-binding protein shedding: relationship to GH receptor down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	growth hormone receptor	Mus musculus	41-69
11207214-2	2001	Experiments were designed to 1) delineate the signal transduction pathway coordinating the synthesis of PGF, 2) determine how rapidly recombinant bovine (rb) IFN-tau attenuated phorbol ester (PDBu)-induced secretion of PGF, and 3) establish the site at which rbIFN-tau attenuates the secretion of PGF in cultured bovine endometrial (BEND) cells.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	interferon-tau-like	Bos taurus	158-165
11282458-0	2001	Protein kinase C-dependent and -independent inhibition of Ca(2+) influx by phorbol ester in rat pancreatic beta-cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
11282458-2	2001	Application of 80 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC-activating phorbol ester, had little effect on glucose (15 mM)-induced insulin secretion from intact rat islets.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
11282458-13	2001	PKC-independent inhibition of electrical excitability by phorbol esters was also demonstrated.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
11181532-0	2001	Dmrt1 expression is regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone and phorbol esters in postnatal Sertoli cells.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
11181529-0	2001	Phorbol ester- and growth factor-induced growth hormone (GH) receptor proteolysis and GH-binding protein shedding: relationship to GH receptor down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	growth hormone receptor	Mus musculus	131-142
11181532-9	2001	Studies also show that Dmrt1 expression was inhibited by phorbol esters (PMA) but only modestly effected by serum.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-28
11181529-4	2001	We previously observed that phorbol ester (PMA)-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC) causes metalloprotease-mediated GHR proteolysis and GHBP shedding in human IM-9 lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	125-128
11181529-4	2001	We previously observed that phorbol ester (PMA)-induced activation of protein kinase C (PKC) causes metalloprotease-mediated GHR proteolysis and GHBP shedding in human IM-9 lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	145-149
11169972-0	2001	Modulation of cyclin D1 and its signaling components by the phorbol ester TPA and the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor vanadate.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	14-23
11409328-3	2001	The correlation between their binding affinities for PKC-alpha and a conformational fit to phorbol ester indicates they mimic a pharmacophore model comprising the C20-OH, C3-C=O and C9-OH rather than that including the C13-C=O moiety.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	53-62
11207939-0	2001	Evidence for direct involvement of beta-catenin in phorbol ester-induced neurite outgrowth in GT1-1 hypothalamic neurones.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	35-47
11181900-6	2001	When MMP-9 expression was stimulated by treatment with phorbol esters or tumor necrosis factor-alpha, lacidipine was able to inhibit this enhanced gelatinolytic capacity up to 50 and 60%, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	5-10
11238722-0	2001	The cAMP responsive element and CREB partially mediate the response of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
11238722-0	2001	The cAMP responsive element and CREB partially mediate the response of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	75-95
11238722-1	2001	Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene promoter activity is increased in PC12 cells that are treated with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	102-115	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-20
11238722-1	2001	Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene promoter activity is increased in PC12 cells that are treated with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	102-115	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	22-24
11087735-8	2001	Instead, inhibition of PKC resulted in a 2-fold increase in Oxo-M-stimulated ACK-1 phosphorylation, whereas acute activation of PKC with phorbol ester decreased ACK-1 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	tyrosine kinase non receptor 2	Homo sapiens	161-166
11226521-0	2001	Phorbol ester responsiveness of the glutathione S-transferase P1 gene promoter involves an inducible c-jun binding in human K562 leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Homo sapiens	36-64
11226521-0	2001	Phorbol ester responsiveness of the glutathione S-transferase P1 gene promoter involves an inducible c-jun binding in human K562 leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	101-106
11226521-7	2001	These results show for the first time that the phorbol ester TPA is involved in the molecular mechanism(s) mediating the activation of the GSTP1 promoter in a human leukemia model.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Homo sapiens	139-144
11160743-1	2001	Expression of the lytic cycle genes of Epstain-Barr virus (EBV) is induced in type I Burkitt"s lymphoma-derived cells by treatment with phorbol esters (e.g., phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]), anti-immunoglobulin, or the cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).	Phorbol Esters	136-150	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	229-260
11160743-1	2001	Expression of the lytic cycle genes of Epstain-Barr virus (EBV) is induced in type I Burkitt"s lymphoma-derived cells by treatment with phorbol esters (e.g., phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]), anti-immunoglobulin, or the cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta).	Phorbol Esters	136-150	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	262-270
11314048-8	2001	Furthermore, in all cell lines tested, a chronic exposure of the cells to HePC abrogates PLD activation by either phorbol esters or HePC itself with no effect on total cellular PLD levels.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	89-92
11076943-5	2001	The solubilization process of [Leu(1199)]ACE was stimulated by phorbol esters and inhibited by compound 3, an inhibitor of ACE-secretase.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	41-44
11215534-7	2001	In the presence of the alpha1A-adrenoceptor antagonist WB 4101 (0.1 micromol/l), which per se suppressed ventricular fibrillation to 17%, both DOG and PMA increased the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation to 73% and 75%, respectively, whereas the inactive phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4alpha-PDD, 10 nmol/l) revealed no proarrhythmic effect.	Phorbol Esters	259-272	adrenoceptor alpha 1A	Canis lupus familiaris	23-43
11062248-9	2001	In vivo phorbol ester binding studies demonstrated a concentration-dependent binding of [(3)H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate to PKD2.	Phorbol Esters	8-21	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	122-126
11062248-11	2001	Phorbol esters also stimulated autophosphorylation of PKD2 in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	54-58
11062248-12	2001	PKD2 activated by phorbol esters efficiently phosphorylated the exogenous substrate histone H1.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	0-4
11062248-16	2001	Thus, PKD2 is a novel phorbol ester- and growth factor-stimulated protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein kinase D2	Homo sapiens	6-10
11171064-5	2001	By exchanging small peptide sequences of gp130 for cleavage-site peptides of TNF-alpha, TGF-alpha and IL-6R we showed that these short sequences conferred susceptibility to spontaneous and phorbol-ester-induced shedding of gp130.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	interleukin 6 cytokine family signal transducer	Homo sapiens	41-46
11171064-5	2001	By exchanging small peptide sequences of gp130 for cleavage-site peptides of TNF-alpha, TGF-alpha and IL-6R we showed that these short sequences conferred susceptibility to spontaneous and phorbol-ester-induced shedding of gp130.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	77-86
11226435-1	2001	After activation of T cells with either CD3 antibodies or phorbol esters, we have found that T cell-cell aggregation, integrin-dependent actin reorganisation and cell spreading are strongly suppressed by any of three structurally different calmodulin antagonists, without any effect on the amount of CD11/CD18 integrin binding to the actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	240-250
11171064-5	2001	By exchanging small peptide sequences of gp130 for cleavage-site peptides of TNF-alpha, TGF-alpha and IL-6R we showed that these short sequences conferred susceptibility to spontaneous and phorbol-ester-induced shedding of gp130.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	interleukin 6 cytokine family signal transducer	Homo sapiens	223-228
11171064-5	2001	By exchanging small peptide sequences of gp130 for cleavage-site peptides of TNF-alpha, TGF-alpha and IL-6R we showed that these short sequences conferred susceptibility to spontaneous and phorbol-ester-induced shedding of gp130.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	88-97
11221888-0	2001	Phorbol esters modulate the Ras exchange factor RasGRP3.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	48-55
11171064-5	2001	By exchanging small peptide sequences of gp130 for cleavage-site peptides of TNF-alpha, TGF-alpha and IL-6R we showed that these short sequences conferred susceptibility to spontaneous and phorbol-ester-induced shedding of gp130.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	interleukin 6 receptor	Homo sapiens	102-107
11221888-4	2001	We show here that RasGRP3 bound phorbol esters with high affinity.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	18-25
11221888-6	2001	In addition, phorbol esters also caused activation of the RasGRP3 exchange activity in intact cells, as determined by an increase in RasGTP and phosphorylation of the extracellular-regulated kinases.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	58-65
11221888-8	2001	We conclude that RasGRP3 serves as a PKC-independent pathway to link the tumor-promoting phorbol esters with activation of Ras GTPases.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	RAS guanyl releasing protein 3	Homo sapiens	17-24
11179965-0	2001	Ectopic expression of the cAMP-responsive element binding protein inhibits phorbol ester-mediated induction of tissue-type plasminogen activator gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	111-144
11172674-1	2001	The natural products teleocidins, phorbol esters, asplysiatoxin, ingenol esters, and bryostatins are all potent protein kinase C (PKC) activators.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	112-128
11172674-1	2001	The natural products teleocidins, phorbol esters, asplysiatoxin, ingenol esters, and bryostatins are all potent protein kinase C (PKC) activators.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
11179965-2	2001	The t-PA gene is transcriptionally induced by the phorbol ester PMA in HeLa cells, but suppressed by PMA in HT-1080 cells.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	4-8
11180132-0	2001	Lymphokine dependence of STAT3 activation produced by surface immunoglobulin cross-linking and by phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore treatment in B cells.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	25-30
11180132-5	2001	In contrast, IL-10 alone appeared to account for STAT3 activation resulting from B cell stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	13-18
11180132-5	2001	In contrast, IL-10 alone appeared to account for STAT3 activation resulting from B cell stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	49-54
11277492-8	2001	The poor ability of alpha-MSH to stimulate melanin synthesis was not caused by a lack of induction of melanogenic proteins, as alpha-MSH increased the expression of microphthalmia (MITF), tyrosinase, dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), and Pmel-17, compared to untreated cells or cells stimulated by phorbol ester alone, regardless of tyrosine levels.	Phorbol Esters	294-307	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	127-136
11436980-1	2001	The aim of this study was to investigate effects of calmodulin antagonist (W-7) on the contractile response of the rat aorta induced by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-62
11236937-2	2001	We have previously shown that IFN-gamma restores phorbol ester-induced differentiation and cell cycle arrest in v-myc transformed human U-937 monoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	30-39
11236937-2	2001	We have previously shown that IFN-gamma restores phorbol ester-induced differentiation and cell cycle arrest in v-myc transformed human U-937 monoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	114-117
11223466-4	2001	NGF mRNA was significantly up-regulated by phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, TPA) and gamma-amino-n-butyric acid (GABA) but not by hydrocortisone.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
11042191-6	2001	Two-dimensional peptide mapping of PKCalpha-phosphorylated GRK2 showed a single site of phosphorylation, which was identified as serine 29 by HPLC-MS. A S29A mutant of GRK2 was not phosphorylated by PKC in vitro and showed no phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation when transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	35-43
11162589-0	2001	Blockade of PKC epsilon activation attenuates phorbol ester-induced increase of alpha-secretase-derived secreted form of amyloid precursor protein.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	12-23
11162589-0	2001	Blockade of PKC epsilon activation attenuates phorbol ester-induced increase of alpha-secretase-derived secreted form of amyloid precursor protein.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	121-146
11266445-5	2001	In contrast, the expressions of AIM-1 and STK15 were continuously repressed during megakaryocytic polyploidization of human erythro/megakaryocytic cell lines (F-36P, K562, and CMK) treated with thrombopoietin, activated ras (H-ras(G12V)), or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	crystallin beta-gamma domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
11042191-6	2001	Two-dimensional peptide mapping of PKCalpha-phosphorylated GRK2 showed a single site of phosphorylation, which was identified as serine 29 by HPLC-MS. A S29A mutant of GRK2 was not phosphorylated by PKC in vitro and showed no phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation when transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
11266445-5	2001	In contrast, the expressions of AIM-1 and STK15 were continuously repressed during megakaryocytic polyploidization of human erythro/megakaryocytic cell lines (F-36P, K562, and CMK) treated with thrombopoietin, activated ras (H-ras(G12V)), or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	aurora kinase A	Homo sapiens	42-47
11042191-6	2001	Two-dimensional peptide mapping of PKCalpha-phosphorylated GRK2 showed a single site of phosphorylation, which was identified as serine 29 by HPLC-MS. A S29A mutant of GRK2 was not phosphorylated by PKC in vitro and showed no phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation when transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
11162495-6	2001	Functional experiments revealed that tetanus toxin pretreatment, which cleaved VAMP-2 in eosinophils, significantly inhibited both IgE receptor- and phorbol ester-mediated exocytosis of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from streptolysin-O-permeabilized eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	vesicle associated membrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	79-85
11162506-3	2001	p21 can also be induced independently of p53 by phorbol ester or okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	0-3
11162495-6	2001	Functional experiments revealed that tetanus toxin pretreatment, which cleaved VAMP-2 in eosinophils, significantly inhibited both IgE receptor- and phorbol ester-mediated exocytosis of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from streptolysin-O-permeabilized eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	ribonuclease A family member 3	Homo sapiens	186-213
11162495-6	2001	Functional experiments revealed that tetanus toxin pretreatment, which cleaved VAMP-2 in eosinophils, significantly inhibited both IgE receptor- and phorbol ester-mediated exocytosis of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from streptolysin-O-permeabilized eosinophils.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	ribonuclease A family member 3	Homo sapiens	215-218
11042220-6	2001	The half-life of nucleolin mRNA increased from 1.8 h in resting cells to 3.2 h with phorbol ester activation, suggesting ERK-mediated posttranscriptional regulation.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nucleolin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	17-26
11022044-6	2001	In this region complex transcriptional regulation occurs, which indicates inhibition of AP-2 CCK promoter complexing by NF-kappa B. Six-point mutations introduced into this sequence prevent AP-2 and NF-kappa B binding to CCK promoter, as well as its transcriptional activation by phorbol ester and forskolin in GH3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	280-293	fatty acid binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	88-92
11141076-1	2001	Recently, we showed that S100A8/A9 were secreted from phorbol ester-stimulated neutrophil-like HL-60 cells, thereby carrying arachidonic acid [Kerkhoff et al.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	S100 calcium binding protein A8	Homo sapiens	25-31
11313949-5	2001	In this study, we provide evidence that treatment with phorbol esters leads to increased phosphorylation of in vivo (32)P-labeled CEACAM1-L in mouse CT51 carcinoma cells, in the mouse 1MEA 7R.1 liver carcinoma cells and in 293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with the Ceacam1-L cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	130-137
11313949-5	2001	In this study, we provide evidence that treatment with phorbol esters leads to increased phosphorylation of in vivo (32)P-labeled CEACAM1-L in mouse CT51 carcinoma cells, in the mouse 1MEA 7R.1 liver carcinoma cells and in 293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with the Ceacam1-L cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	CEA cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	277-284
11022044-6	2001	In this region complex transcriptional regulation occurs, which indicates inhibition of AP-2 CCK promoter complexing by NF-kappa B. Six-point mutations introduced into this sequence prevent AP-2 and NF-kappa B binding to CCK promoter, as well as its transcriptional activation by phorbol ester and forskolin in GH3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	280-293	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	93-96
11022044-6	2001	In this region complex transcriptional regulation occurs, which indicates inhibition of AP-2 CCK promoter complexing by NF-kappa B. Six-point mutations introduced into this sequence prevent AP-2 and NF-kappa B binding to CCK promoter, as well as its transcriptional activation by phorbol ester and forskolin in GH3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	280-293	fatty acid binding protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	190-194
11022044-6	2001	In this region complex transcriptional regulation occurs, which indicates inhibition of AP-2 CCK promoter complexing by NF-kappa B. Six-point mutations introduced into this sequence prevent AP-2 and NF-kappa B binding to CCK promoter, as well as its transcriptional activation by phorbol ester and forskolin in GH3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	280-293	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	221-224
11145836-4	2001	The IL-1H transcripts were stimulated by phorbol ester (PMA) in human cell lines (A431, THP-1 and KG-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (HPBMC) and dendritic cells (NHDC).	Phorbol Esters	41-54	interleukin 37	Homo sapiens	4-9
11137705-6	2001	These results show that the p44/42 MAPK pathway, but not p38 MAPK, is essential for ODC induction stimulated either by agonists of G-protein-coupled receptors, phorbol esters, or serum, and suggest that the inhibition of ODC induction may be an important event in the antiproliferative response to p44/42 MAPK pathway inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	interferon induced protein 44	Homo sapiens	28-31
11235918-3	2001	The present study demonstrates a novel link between alterations in phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated regulation during malignant conversion and the expression of ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, key rate-limiting and regulatory activities in the biosynthesis of polyamines.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	167-190
11137705-6	2001	These results show that the p44/42 MAPK pathway, but not p38 MAPK, is essential for ODC induction stimulated either by agonists of G-protein-coupled receptors, phorbol esters, or serum, and suggest that the inhibition of ODC induction may be an important event in the antiproliferative response to p44/42 MAPK pathway inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	84-87
11235918-3	2001	The present study demonstrates a novel link between alterations in phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated regulation during malignant conversion and the expression of ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase, key rate-limiting and regulatory activities in the biosynthesis of polyamines.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1	Mus musculus	195-229
11162143-0	2001	Prohibitin expression is increased in phorbol ester-treated chronic leukemic B-lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
11235918-4	2001	H-ras-transformed mouse 10 T 1/2 cell lines exhibiting increasing malignant potential were investigated for possible phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated changes in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	167-190
11235918-4	2001	H-ras-transformed mouse 10 T 1/2 cell lines exhibiting increasing malignant potential were investigated for possible phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated changes in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	192-195
11235918-4	2001	H-ras-transformed mouse 10 T 1/2 cell lines exhibiting increasing malignant potential were investigated for possible phorbol ester tumour promoter mediated changes in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1	Mus musculus	201-235
11162143-4	2001	During our efforts to further characterize this hsp60 analog by mass spectrometry, we detected the mitochondrial protein prohibitin in phorbol-ester-matured CLL B-lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
11162143-4	2001	During our efforts to further characterize this hsp60 analog by mass spectrometry, we detected the mitochondrial protein prohibitin in phorbol-ester-matured CLL B-lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	121-131
11162143-6	2001	A twofold increase in prohibitin concentration was observed in phorbol-ester-matured compared to resting CLL B-cells as determined by quantitative Western immunoblot analysis.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	22-32
11162143-7	2001	A similar increase in prohibitin was observed in phorbol-ester-treated normal human B-lymphocyte populations.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	22-32
11560763-0	2001	Phorbol ester impairs electrical excitation of rat pancreatic beta-cells through PKC-independent activation of KATP channels.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
11162143-8	2001	An antisense oligonucleotide complementary to the 5" coding region of the prohibitin gene blunted the increase in prohibitin protein in phorbol-ester-treated CLL B-cells by 42%.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	74-84
11560763-1	2001	BACKGROUND: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is often used as an activating phorbol ester of protein kinase C (PKC) to investigate the roles of the kinase in cellular functions.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	98-114
11162143-8	2001	An antisense oligonucleotide complementary to the 5" coding region of the prohibitin gene blunted the increase in prohibitin protein in phorbol-ester-treated CLL B-cells by 42%.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	114-124
11560763-1	2001	BACKGROUND: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is often used as an activating phorbol ester of protein kinase C (PKC) to investigate the roles of the kinase in cellular functions.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
12064598-0	2001	Protein kinase C-epsilon mediates phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of connexin-43.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-24
11156592-9	2001	In 1321N1-hP2Y(11) and CHO-hP2Y(11) cells, down regulation of PKC by chronic treatment with phorbol ester decreased ATP-promoted cyclic AMP accumulation by 60--80% (P<0.001) with no change in its potency.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	purinergic receptor P2Y11	Homo sapiens	10-18
11156592-9	2001	In 1321N1-hP2Y(11) and CHO-hP2Y(11) cells, down regulation of PKC by chronic treatment with phorbol ester decreased ATP-promoted cyclic AMP accumulation by 60--80% (P<0.001) with no change in its potency.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	purinergic receptor P2Y11	Homo sapiens	27-35
11159699-0	2001	Differential abilities of phorbol esters in inducing protein kinase C (PKC) down-regulation in noradrenergic neurones.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
12064598-0	2001	Protein kinase C-epsilon mediates phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of connexin-43.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	75-86
12064598-1	2001	We have used adenoviral vectors to express dominant negative variants of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) or mitogen kinase kinase 1 (MKK1) to investigate their involvement in phorbol ester-induced connexin-43 (Cx43) phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	73-97
12064598-1	2001	We have used adenoviral vectors to express dominant negative variants of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) or mitogen kinase kinase 1 (MKK1) to investigate their involvement in phorbol ester-induced connexin-43 (Cx43) phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	99-109
12064598-1	2001	We have used adenoviral vectors to express dominant negative variants of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) or mitogen kinase kinase 1 (MKK1) to investigate their involvement in phorbol ester-induced connexin-43 (Cx43) phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
12064598-1	2001	We have used adenoviral vectors to express dominant negative variants of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) or mitogen kinase kinase 1 (MKK1) to investigate their involvement in phorbol ester-induced connexin-43 (Cx43) phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	203-214
12064598-1	2001	We have used adenoviral vectors to express dominant negative variants of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCepsilon) or mitogen kinase kinase 1 (MKK1) to investigate their involvement in phorbol ester-induced connexin-43 (Cx43) phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	216-220
12064601-7	2001	Treatment with kinase activators, including epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the tumor promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), caused a shift in the mobility of the Cx43CT in a manner consistent with the mobility shift observed upon increased phosphorylation of endogenous Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	193-197
12064601-7	2001	Treatment with kinase activators, including epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the tumor promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), caused a shift in the mobility of the Cx43CT in a manner consistent with the mobility shift observed upon increased phosphorylation of endogenous Cx43.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	301-305
11824471-8	2001	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (PMA) resulted in a decrease in ECM protein deposition and an increase in MMP-2 secretion.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
11753501-11	2001	Among these we identified two oncogene products (Jun and Fos) which were activated by TNF or phorbol esters and which promoted the synthesis of MMP-9.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	57-60
11753501-11	2001	Among these we identified two oncogene products (Jun and Fos) which were activated by TNF or phorbol esters and which promoted the synthesis of MMP-9.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	86-89
11753501-11	2001	Among these we identified two oncogene products (Jun and Fos) which were activated by TNF or phorbol esters and which promoted the synthesis of MMP-9.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	144-149
11824476-9	2001	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (PMA) resulted in a decrease in ECM protein deposition and an increase in MMP-2 secretion.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
11148136-7	2001	Upon treatment of U937 cells with phorbol esters, the rate of secretion of lysozyme was increased to more than 90%.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	75-83
11746513-0	2001	Polypeptide growth factors and phorbol ester induce progressive ankylosis (ank) gene expression in murine and human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	progressive ankylosis	Mus musculus	64-67
11169731-3	2001	15 min) but transient activation of ERK1/2 has been reported following induction of macrophage/monocyte differentiation by phorbol esters, or by very high (10(-6) M) concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D3), while retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation was accompanied by sustained activation of ERK1/2.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
11152371-5	2001	Only TGF-beta and phorbol ester elicited consistent effects on ET-1 secretion from VSMCs and ECs.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
11123293-6	2001	A similar enhancement of IL-2 secretion is observed neither in response to TCR plus CD2 costimulatory receptor engagement nor in response to other mitogenic stimuli such as phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
11123317-6	2001	Functional studies revealed that the integrity of T410 and T412 is also critical for CD5-mediated phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) activation and phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of Ab-induced internalization of CD5.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	234-237
11964068-10	2001	Forskolin relaxation of precontracted artery strips caused little increase in KRP phosphorylation, while treatment with phorbol ester increased the level of KRP phosphorylation without a subsequent change in contractility.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	myosin light chain kinase	Homo sapiens	157-160
11763196-5	2001	The activity of the mitotic RLC kinase is enhanced by the addition of Ca2+ and DAG and/or phorbol esters, characteristics of a conventional protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	90-104	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	140-156
11763196-5	2001	The activity of the mitotic RLC kinase is enhanced by the addition of Ca2+ and DAG and/or phorbol esters, characteristics of a conventional protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	90-104	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	158-161
11137562-8	2001	Phorbol ester stimulation rapidly generated hyper-phosphorylated pp52 isoforms which translocated from the cytoskeleton to the cytosol prior to the further elongation of surface spikes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	lymphocyte specific protein 1	Homo sapiens	65-69
11253404-4	2001	However, a slight increase in the cAMP-induced influence on the activation of C/EBP transcription factors was observed during a combined action of phorbol ester and serotonin.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	78-83
11174002-0	2001	Prostacyclin inhibits the production of MMP-9 induced by phorbol ester through protein kinase A activation, but does not affect the production of MMP-2 in Human cultured mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	40-45
11174002-6	2001	RESULTS: Prostacyclin inhibited the production of MMP-9 induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	50-55
11734366-3	2001	Both depolarization and phorbol esters act synergistically with neurturin to up-regulate ret protein expression in chromaffin cell cultures, suggesting a mechanism for potentiation of mitogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	ret proto-oncogene	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
11113565-2	2000	We found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances the expression of mRNA and protein of cellular IAP-2 (cIAP2) in human monoblastic U937 cells differentiated by phorbol ester pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2	Homo sapiens	95-100
11010969-7	2000	The 75-kDa gelatinase is produced by phorbol ester-treated chicken bone marrow cells, monocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, cell types that charac- teristically produce the 92-kDa mammalian gelatinase B (MMP-9).	Phorbol Esters	37-50	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Gallus gallus	4-21
11010969-7	2000	The 75-kDa gelatinase is produced by phorbol ester-treated chicken bone marrow cells, monocytes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, cell types that charac- teristically produce the 92-kDa mammalian gelatinase B (MMP-9).	Phorbol Esters	37-50	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	211-216
10998417-10	2000	Furthermore, by generating an antibody recognizing Kidins220 phosphorylated on serine 919, we show that phorbol ester treatment causes the specific phosphorylation of this residue in PC12 cells in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	kinase D-interacting substrate 220	Rattus norvegicus	51-60
10998423-2	2000	The human hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) gene is highly expressed in human megakaryoblastic cells, in which phorbol ester induces its expression.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Homo sapiens	10-48
10998423-2	2000	The human hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) gene is highly expressed in human megakaryoblastic cells, in which phorbol ester induces its expression.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Homo sapiens	50-56
10998423-8	2000	Site-directed mutagenesis of the AP-2 element within the untranslated exon 1 abolished the basal promoter activity as well as its phorbol ester-mediated up-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	33-37
11042219-0	2000	Phorbol ester-induced generation of reactive oxygen species is protein kinase cbeta -dependent and required for SAPK activation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	112-116
11141237-2	2000	Here, we have found that agonists of protein kinase C (PKC), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and short exposure to low concentrations of phorbol esters were found to block gp120-induced apoptosis in HUVEC cultures.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	179-184
11141237-3	2000	PKC antagonists, sphingosine, H7, and extended exposure of cultures to high concentrations of phorbol esters were also found to block gp120-induced apoptosis in HUVEC cultures.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	134-139
11113565-2	2000	We found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances the expression of mRNA and protein of cellular IAP-2 (cIAP2) in human monoblastic U937 cells differentiated by phorbol ester pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3	Homo sapiens	102-107
11118039-0	2000	Neutral endopeptidase promotes phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by inhibiting neuropeptide-induced protein kinase C delta degradation.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	0-21
11118039-1	2000	Phorbol esters induce apoptosis in androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells, which express neutral endopeptidase (NEP), but not in androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC) cells, which lack NEP expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	81-102
11118039-1	2000	Phorbol esters induce apoptosis in androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells, which express neutral endopeptidase (NEP), but not in androgen-independent prostate cancer (PC) cells, which lack NEP expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	104-107
11082462-1	2000	The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and phorbol ester-induced changes in rat colonic cellular integrity and Ca(2+)-independent inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) activity was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	12-28
11281371-6	2000	RESULTS: The IL-2 promoter was induced 267.2 +/- 27.5-fold (mean +/- SD) by phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
11080196-7	2000	Phorbol ester markedly activated PLD2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	phospholipase D2	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
11097748-2	2000	Stimulation with phorbol ester led to expression of TNF-alpha protein without significant changes in mRNA, a response that was sensitive to the MEK-1/2 inhibitors PD98059 and U0126.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-61
11097748-2	2000	Stimulation with phorbol ester led to expression of TNF-alpha protein without significant changes in mRNA, a response that was sensitive to the MEK-1/2 inhibitors PD98059 and U0126.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	144-151
11097748-4	2000	A synergistic effect between phorbol ester and calcium ionophore was evident at the level of TNF-alpha protein, but not its mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	93-102
11108260-6	2000	Furthermore, inhibition of MAPK phosphorylation by (Bu)2cAMP was effective in reducing MAPK activation by (Bu)2cGMP, an active phorbol ester or ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
11108260-6	2000	Furthermore, inhibition of MAPK phosphorylation by (Bu)2cAMP was effective in reducing MAPK activation by (Bu)2cGMP, an active phorbol ester or ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	87-91
11169407-6	2000	These results confirm PKCtheta to be the prime target for the activating effect of phorbol ester in T cell signaling and suggest that gene expression as well as gene function of PKCtheta is strictly controlled by the cell type.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	22-30
11078811-0	2000	Adherence to osteopontin via alphavbeta3 suppresses phorbol ester-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells that overexpress protein kinase C-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	13-24
11078811-2	2000	MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells, unlike their parental MCF-7 cells, are sensitized to apoptosis by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	6-15
11078811-3	2000	When adhered to osteopontin, a bone matrix protein, MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells were resistant to phorbol ester mediated apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	16-27
11078811-3	2000	When adhered to osteopontin, a bone matrix protein, MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells were resistant to phorbol ester mediated apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-67
11078811-5	2000	Addition of an RGD-containing peptide inhibited survival of MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells exposed to phorbol ester and adhered to osteopontin.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	66-75
11078811-8	2000	Phorbol ester also induced increased expression of alphavbeta3 on MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells by upregulating expression of a second species of beta3 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	72-81
11078811-8	2000	Phorbol ester also induced increased expression of alphavbeta3 on MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells by upregulating expression of a second species of beta3 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	57-62
11086079-7	2000	Stimulation of U937 cells with phorbol ester resulted in an increased expression of M160 from day 5 onward.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	CD163 molecule like 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
11082462-1	2000	The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and phorbol ester-induced changes in rat colonic cellular integrity and Ca(2+)-independent inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) activity was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
11082462-7	2000	Intracolonic administration of the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA; 3 mg kg(-1)) increased colonic cellular PKC activity within 2 h after instillation.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
11124896-5	2000	Inhibition of PKC prevented bFGF-stimulated GAP-43 phosphorylation and translocation, while activation by phorbol esters mimicked bFGF effects, suggesting that phosphorylation at Ser41 regulates GAP-43 subcellular localization.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	130-134
11094067-6	2000	Unexpectedly, the P98 cells displayed significant and selective defects in the activation of both the composite CD28 response element (RE/AP) and the full-length IL-2 promoter following costimulation with anti-TCR antibodies and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	112-116
11094067-6	2000	Unexpectedly, the P98 cells displayed significant and selective defects in the activation of both the composite CD28 response element (RE/AP) and the full-length IL-2 promoter following costimulation with anti-TCR antibodies and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	162-166
11094067-9	2000	These studies demonstrate that the PLC-gamma1 SH2(N) and SH2(C) domains play functionally distinct roles during TCR-mediated signaling and identify a non-Ca(2+)-related signaling function linked to the SH2(C) domain, which couples TCR plus phorbol ester-CD28 costimulation to the activation of the IL-2 promoter in T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	phospholipase C gamma 1	Homo sapiens	35-45
11082296-2	2000	T cell receptor cross-linked or phorbol ester-stimulated T cells binding to immobilized fibronectin induce the translocation of calpain to the cytoskeletal/membrane fraction of these cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	88-99
11114629-12	2000	Phorbol ester (which induces redifferentiation in the TT cell line) downregulated Id-1 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	inhibitor of DNA binding 1, HLH protein	Homo sapiens	82-86
10976111-3	2000	The effect of TPA was specifically abolished by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X and by dominant negative PKCtheta, PKCepsilon, and PKCalpha, suggesting that novel and conventional PKC isoforms mediate phorbol ester action.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	111-121
10976111-3	2000	The effect of TPA was specifically abolished by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X and by dominant negative PKCtheta, PKCepsilon, and PKCalpha, suggesting that novel and conventional PKC isoforms mediate phorbol ester action.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	127-135
10976111-3	2000	The effect of TPA was specifically abolished by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X and by dominant negative PKCtheta, PKCepsilon, and PKCalpha, suggesting that novel and conventional PKC isoforms mediate phorbol ester action.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	101-104
11069616-2	2000	In addition, keratin 6 expression is inducible in interfollicular epidermis and the outer root sheath of the follicle, in response to wounding stimuli, phorbol esters, or retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	152-166	keratin 6	Mus musculus	13-22
11042115-3	2000	Using transiently transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells as a model system, we report in the present study that PLD2 overexpressed in HEK-293 cells exhibits regulatory properties similar to PLD1 when stimulated in response to insulin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	124-128
11089555-10	2000	The phorbol ester TPA, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), blocked apoptosis due to serum deprivation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	57-60
11139146-12	2000	APAF-1 proved to be inducible after PKC activation with phorbol ester in U937, but not in TUR cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
11053476-2	2000	Because high glucose and phorbol esters (PMA) increase TGF-beta1 mRNA levels in mesangial cells, this study was designed to characterize these effects on the human TGF-beta1 promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	55-64
11053476-2	2000	Because high glucose and phorbol esters (PMA) increase TGF-beta1 mRNA levels in mesangial cells, this study was designed to characterize these effects on the human TGF-beta1 promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	164-173
11062062-2	2000	In addition, the treatment of cells expressing the EGFr with phorbol esters has been shown to cause a loss of the high-affinity binding capacity of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	epidermal growth factor receptor	Cricetulus griseus	51-55
11062062-5	2000	Phorbol ester treatment of EGFr-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells results in a loss of high-affinity binding and an increase in the apparent low-affinity dissociation constant of the receptor, similar to the effect of a truncation mutant in which the C-terminal 190 residues are deleted.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epidermal growth factor receptor	Cricetulus griseus	27-31
11052997-6	2000	As shown by Northern blotting, h-sgk transcription in DAN-G pancreatic tumor cells is upregulated by osmotic cell shrinkage, serum, phorbol esters (phorbol 12,13-didecanoate), and Ca(2+) ionophore A-23187 and decreased by staurosporine and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
11052997-6	2000	As shown by Northern blotting, h-sgk transcription in DAN-G pancreatic tumor cells is upregulated by osmotic cell shrinkage, serum, phorbol esters (phorbol 12,13-didecanoate), and Ca(2+) ionophore A-23187 and decreased by staurosporine and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	54-57
11008129-2	2000	In this report, we compare the effects of resveratrol against the autophosphorylation reactions of PKC isozymes versus the novel phorbol ester-responsive kinase, protein kinase D (PKD).	Phorbol Esters	129-142	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	162-178
11008129-2	2000	In this report, we compare the effects of resveratrol against the autophosphorylation reactions of PKC isozymes versus the novel phorbol ester-responsive kinase, protein kinase D (PKD).	Phorbol Esters	129-142	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	180-183
11069627-2	2000	Previous studies have shown the induction of Thy-1 on phorbol ester stimulated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	Thy-1 cell surface antigen	Homo sapiens	45-50
11075818-1	2000	Expression of the PRL gene is regulated by many factors, including cAMP, estradiol (E2), phorbol esters, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and TRH.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
11146396-7	2000	Endothelial Tie-1 undergoes metalloprotease-mediated ectodomain cleavage in response to phorbol ester and other agonists.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin like and EGF like domains 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
11042347-0	2000	Phorbol ester synergistically increases interferon regulatory factor-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase induction in interferon-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	120-136
10931849-0	2000	Regulation of c-myc mRNA decay in vitro by a phorbol ester-inducible, ribosome-associated component in differentiating megakaryoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	14-19
11032727-7	2000	It was found that cell proliferation, viability, insulin production and the stimulation of insulin release evoked by carbamylcholine and phorbol ester were impeded by IL-1beta or spermine-NONOate, whereas the hormone output by the other secretagogues was not altered by NO.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	167-175
11042347-2	2000	The effect of a PKC activator, phorbol ester, in iNOS induction is thought to be due to multiple mechanisms, and it is necessary to examine the involvement of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in detail.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	49-53
11042347-3	2000	In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in RAW 264.7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	91-95
11042347-10	2000	It is evidence that PKC plays an important role in IRF-1 activation and that phorbol ester has a synergistic effect on iNOS induction through IRF-1 activation in IFN-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	119-123
11042347-2	2000	The effect of a PKC activator, phorbol ester, in iNOS induction is thought to be due to multiple mechanisms, and it is necessary to examine the involvement of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in detail.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	176-185
11042347-10	2000	It is evidence that PKC plays an important role in IRF-1 activation and that phorbol ester has a synergistic effect on iNOS induction through IRF-1 activation in IFN-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	interferon regulatory factor 1	Mus musculus	142-147
11042347-2	2000	The effect of a PKC activator, phorbol ester, in iNOS induction is thought to be due to multiple mechanisms, and it is necessary to examine the involvement of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in detail.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	194-198
11042347-10	2000	It is evidence that PKC plays an important role in IRF-1 activation and that phorbol ester has a synergistic effect on iNOS induction through IRF-1 activation in IFN-gamma-treated RAW 264.7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	162-171
11042347-3	2000	In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of phorbol ester on IFN-gamma-induced iNOS in RAW 264.7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	73-82
11023507-2	2000	Expression of GPVI is increased in the megakaryoblastic cell lines HEL and CMK on differentiation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), along with the Fc receptor gamma-chain (FcR gamma-chain).	Phorbol Esters	107-120	glycoprotein VI platelet	Homo sapiens	14-18
10915788-5	2000	Translocation of PYK2 to focal adhesions, as well as its tyrosine phosphorylation in response to histamine treatment, was abolished in the presence of protein kinase C inhibitors or cytochalasin D treatment, whereas activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester resulted in focal adhesion targeting of PYK2 and its tyrosine phosphorylation in an integrin-clustering dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	17-21
11007944-8	2000	This activation is distinct from that of classical activators such as proinflammatory cytokines and phorbol esters, because the activation mechanisms appear to converge on a particular tyrosine residue of I kappa B-alpha instead of the two classical N-terminal serines.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	205-220
11023507-2	2000	Expression of GPVI is increased in the megakaryoblastic cell lines HEL and CMK on differentiation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), along with the Fc receptor gamma-chain (FcR gamma-chain).	Phorbol Esters	107-120	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9	Homo sapiens	75-78
10915787-0	2000	Regulation of dual-specificity phosphatases M3/6 and hVH5 by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	dual specificity phosphatase 8	Homo sapiens	53-57
10889193-3	2000	Hormonal signals, in particular mediated through protein kinase C (PKC), play a central role in the modulation of IRP/IRE interactions since phorbol esters were shown to activate IRP binding (Eisenstein, R. S., Tuazon, P. T., Schalinske, K. L., Anderson, S. A., and Traugh, J.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	49-65
11027216-9	2000	Phorbol esters, which trigger SERT phosphorylation, also diminish SERT/PP2Ac associations, effects that can be blocked by PKC antagonists as well as the SERT substrate 5-HT.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	30-34
10889193-3	2000	Hormonal signals, in particular mediated through protein kinase C (PKC), play a central role in the modulation of IRP/IRE interactions since phorbol esters were shown to activate IRP binding (Eisenstein, R. S., Tuazon, P. T., Schalinske, K. L., Anderson, S. A., and Traugh, J.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
10889193-3	2000	Hormonal signals, in particular mediated through protein kinase C (PKC), play a central role in the modulation of IRP/IRE interactions since phorbol esters were shown to activate IRP binding (Eisenstein, R. S., Tuazon, P. T., Schalinske, K. L., Anderson, S. A., and Traugh, J.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	114-117
10889193-3	2000	Hormonal signals, in particular mediated through protein kinase C (PKC), play a central role in the modulation of IRP/IRE interactions since phorbol esters were shown to activate IRP binding (Eisenstein, R. S., Tuazon, P. T., Schalinske, K. L., Anderson, S. A., and Traugh, J.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	179-182
10918063-0	2000	Phorbol ester-induced expression of airway squamous cell differentiation marker, SPRR1B, is regulated by protein kinase Cdelta /Ras/MEKK1/MKK1-dependent/AP-1 signal transduction pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	small proline rich protein 1B	Homo sapiens	81-87
10918063-0	2000	Phorbol ester-induced expression of airway squamous cell differentiation marker, SPRR1B, is regulated by protein kinase Cdelta /Ras/MEKK1/MKK1-dependent/AP-1 signal transduction pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
10918063-0	2000	Phorbol ester-induced expression of airway squamous cell differentiation marker, SPRR1B, is regulated by protein kinase Cdelta /Ras/MEKK1/MKK1-dependent/AP-1 signal transduction pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	138-142
10918068-10	2000	However, prolonged exposure to phorbol esters, or growth in serum, results in localization of CalDAG-GEFI to the cell membrane and restoration of Ras exchange activity.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	RAS, guanyl releasing protein 2	Mus musculus	94-105
11027216-9	2000	Phorbol esters, which trigger SERT phosphorylation, also diminish SERT/PP2Ac associations, effects that can be blocked by PKC antagonists as well as the SERT substrate 5-HT.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	66-70
11027216-9	2000	Phorbol esters, which trigger SERT phosphorylation, also diminish SERT/PP2Ac associations, effects that can be blocked by PKC antagonists as well as the SERT substrate 5-HT.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-76
11027216-9	2000	Phorbol esters, which trigger SERT phosphorylation, also diminish SERT/PP2Ac associations, effects that can be blocked by PKC antagonists as well as the SERT substrate 5-HT.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	66-70
10896655-4	2000	Activation of Jurkat T cells with either calcium ionophore or alphaCD3 and a phorbol ester increases the levels of the different COT transcripts.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8	Homo sapiens	129-132
11054542-19	2000	Retinoic acid compounds and the phorbol ester, PMA were found to stimulate BMP-2 and, to a lesser degree, BMP-4.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Homo sapiens	75-80
11054542-19	2000	Retinoic acid compounds and the phorbol ester, PMA were found to stimulate BMP-2 and, to a lesser degree, BMP-4.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	bone morphogenetic protein 4	Homo sapiens	106-111
10997919-6	2000	Unlike many effects of HG, augmentation of ERK activity by HG was not dependent on protein kinase C (PKC) as indicated by downregulation of PKC with 24-h phorbol ester or inhibition with bisindolylmaleimide IV.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
11066030-7	2000	Preincubation with 1 microM of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC-activating phorbol ester attenuated the ADR (c. 95%) and restored the postrecovery plateau almost to baseline levels (98 +/- 0.7%; p > 0.10 compared with baseline CBF).	Phorbol Esters	87-100	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	72-75
11035086-4	2000	However, in myelomonocytic THP-1 cells LARC/MIP-3alpha was better induced by phorbol ester, whereas in HEp-2 epidermal carcinoma cells IL-1beta was the superior inducer.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	C-C motif chemokine ligand 20	Homo sapiens	39-43
11035086-4	2000	However, in myelomonocytic THP-1 cells LARC/MIP-3alpha was better induced by phorbol ester, whereas in HEp-2 epidermal carcinoma cells IL-1beta was the superior inducer.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	C-C motif chemokine ligand 20	Homo sapiens	44-54
11069064-5	2000	TCR-dependent Rap1 activation was enhanced by co-stimulation through CD28 and could be mimicked by treatment of thymocytes with phorbol ester and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	T cell receptor alpha variable 6-3	Mus musculus	0-3
11069064-5	2000	TCR-dependent Rap1 activation was enhanced by co-stimulation through CD28 and could be mimicked by treatment of thymocytes with phorbol ester and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	RAS-related protein 1a	Mus musculus	14-18
11069064-5	2000	TCR-dependent Rap1 activation was enhanced by co-stimulation through CD28 and could be mimicked by treatment of thymocytes with phorbol ester and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	CD28 antigen	Mus musculus	69-73
10970794-0	2000	Thapsigargin suppresses phorbol ester-dependent human involucrin promoter activity by suppressing CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) DNA binding.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	involucrin	Homo sapiens	54-64
11028445-8	2000	Furthermore, media conditioned by myeloma cells incubated with phorbol ester, which promotes IL-6R shedding, or a metalloproteinase inhibitor, which inhibits IL-6R shedding, were able to stimulate (p < 0.005) and inhibit osteoblast recruitment (p < 0.005), respectively.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	interleukin 6 receptor	Homo sapiens	93-98
11028445-8	2000	Furthermore, media conditioned by myeloma cells incubated with phorbol ester, which promotes IL-6R shedding, or a metalloproteinase inhibitor, which inhibits IL-6R shedding, were able to stimulate (p < 0.005) and inhibit osteoblast recruitment (p < 0.005), respectively.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	interleukin 6 receptor	Homo sapiens	158-163
10996653-1	2000	Spontaneous and glucocorticoid (fluocinolone acetonide, FA)-induced apoptosis of primary mouse thymocytes was inhibited by protein kinase C (PKC) activators such as bryostatin-1 and phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13 acetate (TPA) within the first 2-4 h of incubation but was enhanced upon prolonged treatment.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	141-144
11006316-4	2000	The luminol chemiluminescence measuring total ROS production of blood PMN stimulated by either a phorbol ester (PMA) or a chemoattractant peptide, formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) was significantly inhibited by prostasomes.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-165
11018470-2	2000	In SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells, phorbol ester (TPA) activation of PLD was enhanced by overexpressing myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS).	Phorbol Esters	38-51	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	72-75
11018470-2	2000	In SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells, phorbol ester (TPA) activation of PLD was enhanced by overexpressing myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS).	Phorbol Esters	38-51	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	107-152
11018470-2	2000	In SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells, phorbol ester (TPA) activation of PLD was enhanced by overexpressing myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS).	Phorbol Esters	38-51	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	154-160
10930535-8	2000	Furthermore, HBDDE induced apoptosis even after phorbol-ester-mediated down-regulation of PKC alpha and gamma, indicating that this effect is independent of these isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	90-99
10979985-0	2000	Role of protein kinase C isoforms in phorbol ester-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human glioblastoma cells	Phorbol Esters	37-50	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	59-93
10970794-0	2000	Thapsigargin suppresses phorbol ester-dependent human involucrin promoter activity by suppressing CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) DNA binding.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	98-134
10970794-0	2000	Thapsigargin suppresses phorbol ester-dependent human involucrin promoter activity by suppressing CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) DNA binding.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	136-146
10975829-2	2000	The PAI-1 gene was induced by a combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore at the highest level among the inducible human mast cell genes that we have analyzed on a DNA microarray.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
10978519-0	2000	Similar effects of electroporational stress and treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on vimentin expression in mouse plasmacytoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	vimentin	Mus musculus	121-129
10964387-1	2000	[reaction: see text] An expeditious convergent route to the ABC-tricyclic core of the phorbol esters is described.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group)	Homo sapiens	60-63
10874027-6	2000	This route is specific for phosphorylation of Ser(473) and can be initiated by direct PKC activation with phorbol ester or purified active PKC catalytic fragment in platelet lysate.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	86-89
10960082-9	2000	The ablation of the effects of PMA and IL-1beta on PGE(2) production, likely results from down-regulation of phorbol ester sensitive-PKC isoenzymes.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	39-47
10961874-3	2000	U937 cells constitutively express the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2; but during differentiation, in response to the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate), Mcl-1 is transiently induced.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	60-65
10936682-0	2000	Failure to induce inhibition of cyclin A and up-regulation of p21 expression in phorbol ester-resistant U937 cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	62-65
11012750-0	2000	Disparate effects of phorbol esters, CD3 and the costimulatory receptors CD2 and CD28 on RANTES secretion by human T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	89-95
11465069-6	2000	Phorbol esters such as the tumor-promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or diacylglycerol (DAG) activate classical and novel PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	138-141
11012750-7	2000	Under stimulation conditions where increases in [Ca2+]i occur (e.g. PMA plus ionomycin or CD3 plus CD28 ligation) RANTES secretion can be severely reduced compared with the levels observed in response to the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	208-221	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	114-120
10842166-5	2000	Treatment of PC12 cells with phorbol ester (2 micrometer 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) gives rise to a new Egr1-containing complex.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	121-125
10954417-6	2000	As the phosphorylation state of occludin is thought to be important in both tight junction assembly and regulation, the effect of phorbol ester treatment on the phosphorylation of occludin was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	occludin	Sus scrofa	180-188
10965039-1	2000	Phorbol ester treatment induces the phosphorylation of SNAP-25 at Ser(187) and the potentiation of Ca(2+)-induced dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (Ach) release from PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	synaptosome associated protein 25	Rattus norvegicus	55-62
10972665-0	2000	Regulation of protein kinase C-delta and -epsilon isoforms by phorbol ester treatment of LLC-PK1 renal epithelia.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C delta	Sus scrofa	14-49
10985384-4	2000	Inhibition of Rap1, but not other Ras-like or Rho-like small GTPases, abolishes activation of alphaMbeta2 induced by phorbol esters, LPS, TNF-alpha or PAF.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	14-18
11372394-2	2000	METHODS: Effects of cell culture supernatant of THP-1 stimulated by silica or induced and differentiated by phorbol ester (PMA) on proliferation of fibroblast (CHL), formation of Ag-NORs granule, migration of pulmonary alveolar epithelium (CCL-64) and occurrence of silicosis-like pathological changes were observed in rats.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
11043604-3	2000	The phorbol ester-elevated inositol monophosphate levels were abolished by indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, but were only partially decreased by SQ29548, a thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor antagonist.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C	Rattus norvegicus	177-216
10980593-5	2000	While phorbol ester-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation required protein kinase C (PKC) activity, preincubation of H69 cells with the PKC-inhibitor GF109203X had no effect on galanin-dependent ERK activity.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	28-65
10980593-5	2000	While phorbol ester-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation required protein kinase C (PKC) activity, preincubation of H69 cells with the PKC-inhibitor GF109203X had no effect on galanin-dependent ERK activity.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	67-70
10874135-0	2000	Inhibition by parthenolide of phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in a human monocyte cell line THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	82-113
10874135-0	2000	Inhibition by parthenolide of phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in a human monocyte cell line THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	149-154
10933807-3	2000	We have shown previously that phorbol ester (PMA) stimulation of endogenous PKC leads to activation of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in cultured proximal tubule cells (OK cells) expressing the rodent Na(+), K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	76-79
10874135-7	2000	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), significantly increased the iNOS promoter-dependent reporter gene activity, and the TPA-induced increase in iNOS promoter activity was effectively suppressed by parthenolide, with an IC(50) of approximately 2 microM.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
10874135-7	2000	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), significantly increased the iNOS promoter-dependent reporter gene activity, and the TPA-induced increase in iNOS promoter activity was effectively suppressed by parthenolide, with an IC(50) of approximately 2 microM.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	185-189
10913371-0	2000	Transcriptional activation function of zinc finger protein TIS11 and its negative regulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	zinc finger protein 36	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
10940386-5	2000	Insulin secretion from streptolysin-O-permeabilized MIN6 cells was inhibited by anti-annexin XI antibody, when the release was stimulated by either Ca2+ or GTP-gammaS, but not by a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	209-222	annexin A11	Mus musculus	85-95
10926560-0	2000	Role of ras-dependent ERK activation in phorbol ester-induced endothelial cell barrier dysfunction.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
10906045-0	2000	Interferon-tau modulates phorbol ester-induced production of prostaglandin and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and phospholipase-A(2) from bovine endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	interferon tau-2	Bos taurus	0-14
10906045-0	2000	Interferon-tau modulates phorbol ester-induced production of prostaglandin and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and phospholipase-A(2) from bovine endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Bos taurus	93-109
10901269-11	2000	Treatment with phorbol ester or calcium ionophore, both of which increased phospho-tau levels within the cytosol and plasma membrane, was accompanied by the dissociation of this tau construct from the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	83-86
10901269-11	2000	Treatment with phorbol ester or calcium ionophore, both of which increased phospho-tau levels within the cytosol and plasma membrane, was accompanied by the dissociation of this tau construct from the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	178-181
10924071-0	2000	Phorbol ester stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostanoid production in cardiac myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	25-41
10938019-5	2000	However, cell death and DNA fragmentation were markedly diminished in the phorbol ester-differentiated MSR-expressing THP-1 cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells, with stable expression of MSR-AI after cDNA transfection when exposed to the same concentrations of oxLDL and 7-KC.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 7	Homo sapiens	103-106
10938019-5	2000	However, cell death and DNA fragmentation were markedly diminished in the phorbol ester-differentiated MSR-expressing THP-1 cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells, with stable expression of MSR-AI after cDNA transfection when exposed to the same concentrations of oxLDL and 7-KC.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 7	Homo sapiens	189-192
11026666-4	2000	By RT-PCR with primer pairs that span exon boundaries, HSL mRNA was demonstrated in THP-1 monocytes and phorbol-ester differentiated THP-1 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	55-58
11026666-4	2000	By RT-PCR with primer pairs that span exon boundaries, HSL mRNA was demonstrated in THP-1 monocytes and phorbol-ester differentiated THP-1 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	133-138
10985667-4	2000	Secondly, we analysed whether redox stimulation by Trx alone or in combination with the phorbol ester PMA affected the expression and release of TNFalpha.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	145-153
10997587-10	2000	They also indicate that, as in the case of more conventional differentiation-inducers such as phorbol esters, disruption of the p21CIP1 response after exposure to low concentrations of the cytotoxic drug ara-C prevents leukemic cells from engaging a maturation program, but instead directs them along an apoptotic pathway.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	128-135
10940935-3	2000	Here we show that transactivation by a GAL4 fusion protein containing the strong acidic N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD) of NFAT1 also requires both calcium and phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	nuclear factor of activated T cells 2	Homo sapiens	131-136
10783385-8	2000	However, treatment with a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, enhanced ACE secretion even from cells overexpressing BiP.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	83-86
10783385-8	2000	However, treatment with a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, enhanced ACE secretion even from cells overexpressing BiP.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	128-131
10807909-0	2000	Phorbol esters and cytokines regulate the expression of the NEMO-related protein, a molecule involved in a NF-kappa B-independent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	optineurin	Homo sapiens	60-80
10818086-0	2000	Mitochondrial translocation of protein kinase C delta in phorbol ester-induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	31-53
10807909-0	2000	Phorbol esters and cytokines regulate the expression of the NEMO-related protein, a molecule involved in a NF-kappa B-independent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	107-117
10807909-7	2000	Nonetheless, we could demonstrate that treatment with phorbol esters induces NRP phosphorylation and decreases its half-life.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	optineurin	Homo sapiens	77-80
10985349-6	2000	Exogenous application of phorbol esters or loss of DGK-1 (diacylglycerol kinase) rescues ric-8 mutant phenotypes.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	Synembryn	Caenorhabditis elegans	89-94
10818086-0	2000	Mitochondrial translocation of protein kinase C delta in phorbol ester-induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	79-91
10818086-2	2000	The present studies demonstrate that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induces translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) delta from the cytoplasm to mitochondria.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	123-151
10903996-5	2000	Platelet-derived growth factor, phorbol ester, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha caused approximately 3-fold increases in TF activity in the medium.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	120-122
10880342-2	2000	The proximal promoter region (bp -87 to -45) of the human PAI-1 gene contains several potent binding sites for transcription factors [two phorbol-ester-response-element (TRE)-like sequences; D-box (-82 to -76) and P-box (-61 to 54), and one Sp1 binding site-like sequence, Sp1-box 1 (-72 to -67)].	Phorbol Esters	138-151	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
10908722-2	2000	A flow cytofluorometric analysis demonstrated that treatment with APC resulted in time- and dose-dependent decrease in TF expression in unstimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	119-121
10801835-10	2000	Stimulation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts by phorbol ester or platelet-derived growth factor induced the rapid relocalization of PI-TPalpha to perinuclear Golgi structures concomitant with a 2-3-fold increase in lysophosphatidylinositol levels.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	phosphatidylinositol transfer protein, alpha	Mus musculus	121-131
10963813-5	2000	We found that a higher concentration of phorbol ester (PMA) than that required for CD4(+) T cell generation and ionomycin induced the generation of NK1.1(+) alpha beta T cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	83-86
10912802-2	2000	In NIH 3T3 fibroblasts phorbol esters induce translocation of PKCalpha to the plasma membrane and the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	62-70
10912802-7	2000	In contrast to endogenous PKCalpha, overexpressed GFP-PKCalpha as well as overexpressed PKCalpha itself translocates mainly to the plasma membrane and only to a smaller extent to the nucleus following stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	54-62
10912802-7	2000	In contrast to endogenous PKCalpha, overexpressed GFP-PKCalpha as well as overexpressed PKCalpha itself translocates mainly to the plasma membrane and only to a smaller extent to the nucleus following stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	54-62
10989285-9	2000	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), which inhibits particulate guanylate cyclases in smooth muscle, blocked ADM-stimulated cGMP accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	adrenomedullin	Homo sapiens	125-128
10903980-14	2000	Phorbol ester (an activator of PKC) attenuates the inhibitory effect of imipramine on the GR-induced gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	90-92
19002822-8	2000	When protein kinase C was activated by phorbol ester,mIFN-gamma production was enhanced in both themonolayer and suspension cultures.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	53-63
10880245-2	2000	Various signals (e.g. chemoattractants and phorbol ester) induce metalloprotease-mediated rapid shedding of the IL-1RII.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	interleukin 1 receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	112-119
10880245-5	2000	Slow spontaneous release and rapid phorbol ester-induced shedding were only observed for the decoy IL-1RII.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	interleukin 1 receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	99-106
10914330-0	2000	Induction of AP-1 binding to intron 1 of SP-A1 and SP-A2 is implicated in the phorbol ester inhibition of human SP-A promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	41-46
10875233-8	2000	In addition, 10 microM phorbol ester or forskolin treatments resulted in a significant increase in GnRHR expression in both JEG-3 and IEVT cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	99-104
10914330-0	2000	Induction of AP-1 binding to intron 1 of SP-A1 and SP-A2 is implicated in the phorbol ester inhibition of human SP-A promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	51-56
10914330-0	2000	Induction of AP-1 binding to intron 1 of SP-A1 and SP-A2 is implicated in the phorbol ester inhibition of human SP-A promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	41-45
10914330-1	2000	A deletional analysis of the SP-A1 promoter in NCI-H441 cells was performed to identify potential cis-acting elements involved in phorbol ester-mediated repression of human SP-A transcription.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	29-34
10914330-1	2000	A deletional analysis of the SP-A1 promoter in NCI-H441 cells was performed to identify potential cis-acting elements involved in phorbol ester-mediated repression of human SP-A transcription.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	29-33
10914330-2	2000	The phorbol ester TPA reduced SP-A1 and SP-A2 promoter activity to approximately 35% to 45% compared to that of control cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	30-35
10914330-2	2000	The phorbol ester TPA reduced SP-A1 and SP-A2 promoter activity to approximately 35% to 45% compared to that of control cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	40-45
10914330-7	2000	These results suggest that the binding of AP-1 or an AP-1--like factor to the first intron of SP-A1 and SP-A2 may be involved in the phorbol ester inhibition of human SP-A gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	94-99
10914330-7	2000	These results suggest that the binding of AP-1 or an AP-1--like factor to the first intron of SP-A1 and SP-A2 may be involved in the phorbol ester inhibition of human SP-A gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	104-109
10914330-7	2000	These results suggest that the binding of AP-1 or an AP-1--like factor to the first intron of SP-A1 and SP-A2 may be involved in the phorbol ester inhibition of human SP-A gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	surfactant protein A2	Homo sapiens	94-98
10856898-8	2000	Protein kinase C activation with phorbol esters also inhibited CNP-stimulated cGMP accumulation and such inhibition was also seen in cells desensitised by pretreatment with CNP.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	63-66
10904009-4	2000	The functional activity of the GNB3 promoter was verified with reporter gene assays that also demonstrated its inducibility by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	127-141	G protein subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	31-35
10887328-6	2000	NFATc mRNA was present at low levels in all subsets but was strongly induced by treatment with phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	nuclear factor of activated T cells 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
10884289-5	2000	TPA treatment of infected adipocytes increased luciferase activity, consistent with previous studies indicating that the KLBP/FABP5 gene is up-regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	156-170	fatty acid binding protein 5, epidermal	Mus musculus	121-125
10884289-5	2000	TPA treatment of infected adipocytes increased luciferase activity, consistent with previous studies indicating that the KLBP/FABP5 gene is up-regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	156-170	fatty acid binding protein 5, epidermal	Mus musculus	126-131
10886516-1	2000	The expression of the dopachrome tautomerase gene (Dct) and its protein product, tyrosinase-related protein-2, was studied in the cultured, phorbol-ester-dependent murine melanocyte cell line melan-a.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	dopachrome tautomerase	Mus musculus	22-44
10886516-1	2000	The expression of the dopachrome tautomerase gene (Dct) and its protein product, tyrosinase-related protein-2, was studied in the cultured, phorbol-ester-dependent murine melanocyte cell line melan-a.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	dopachrome tautomerase	Mus musculus	51-54
10867018-2	2000	Activation of the serine/threonine kinase, protein kinase D (PKD/PKC mu) via a phorbol ester/PKC-dependent pathway involves phosphorylation events.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	43-59
10779523-0	2000	Macrophage-enriched myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate and its phosphorylation is required for the phorbol ester-stimulated diffusion of beta 2 integrin molecules.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	MARCKS-like 1	Mus musculus	0-65
10941870-7	2000	In the latter, 8S-LOX mRNA was strongly induced upon treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	15-21
10867018-2	2000	Activation of the serine/threonine kinase, protein kinase D (PKD/PKC mu) via a phorbol ester/PKC-dependent pathway involves phosphorylation events.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	61-64
10867018-2	2000	Activation of the serine/threonine kinase, protein kinase D (PKD/PKC mu) via a phorbol ester/PKC-dependent pathway involves phosphorylation events.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	65-71
10867018-6	2000	The last two autophosphorylation sites (Ser(744) and Ser(748)) are located in the activation loop but are only phosphorylated in the isolated PKD-catalytic domain and not in the full-length PKD; they may affect enzyme catalysis but are not involved in the activation of wild-type PKD by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	287-300	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	142-145
10837497-2	2000	Oxidative stress caused by phorbol esters or reactive oxygen up-regulates the class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) in human smooth muscle cells (SMC), which normally do not express this receptor.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	macrophage scavenger receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
10866321-5	2000	In a transient transfection assay, all three RAR subtypes, RARalpha, RARbeta, and RARgamma, could effectively inhibit phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced AP-1 activity and the activity of oncogenes c-Jun and c-Fos on AP-1 containing reporter genes in the presence of retinoic acid (RA).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	45-48
10866321-5	2000	In a transient transfection assay, all three RAR subtypes, RARalpha, RARbeta, and RARgamma, could effectively inhibit phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced AP-1 activity and the activity of oncogenes c-Jun and c-Fos on AP-1 containing reporter genes in the presence of retinoic acid (RA).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	59-67
10866321-5	2000	In a transient transfection assay, all three RAR subtypes, RARalpha, RARbeta, and RARgamma, could effectively inhibit phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced AP-1 activity and the activity of oncogenes c-Jun and c-Fos on AP-1 containing reporter genes in the presence of retinoic acid (RA).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	retinoic acid receptor beta	Homo sapiens	69-76
10866321-5	2000	In a transient transfection assay, all three RAR subtypes, RARalpha, RARbeta, and RARgamma, could effectively inhibit phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced AP-1 activity and the activity of oncogenes c-Jun and c-Fos on AP-1 containing reporter genes in the presence of retinoic acid (RA).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	retinoic acid receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	82-90
10871288-1	2000	Phorbol esters (e.g., TPA) activate protein kinase C (PKC), increase connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	22-25
10871288-1	2000	Phorbol esters (e.g., TPA) activate protein kinase C (PKC), increase connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-52
10871288-1	2000	Phorbol esters (e.g., TPA) activate protein kinase C (PKC), increase connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	54-57
10871288-1	2000	Phorbol esters (e.g., TPA) activate protein kinase C (PKC), increase connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	69-79
10871288-1	2000	Phorbol esters (e.g., TPA) activate protein kinase C (PKC), increase connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation, and decrease cell-cell communication via gap junctions in many cell types.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	81-85
10925140-7	2000	Results from our experiments, through prolonged treatment with phorbol esters and with the various PKC inhibitors including phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isotype inhibitor, suggest that the Go6976-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of iNOS gene expression and NO production in microglia is not mediated through its reputed effects on PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	241-245
10925140-7	2000	Results from our experiments, through prolonged treatment with phorbol esters and with the various PKC inhibitors including phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isotype inhibitor, suggest that the Go6976-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of iNOS gene expression and NO production in microglia is not mediated through its reputed effects on PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	241-245
10749878-6	2000	In addition, Wnt-induced accumulation of cytoplasmic beta-catenin is partially inhibited by PKC inhibitors and by chronic treatment of cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	53-65
10838159-0	2000	Dexamethasone inhibits the induction of NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase by phorbol ester in human promonocytic U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	40-94
10830281-4	2000	Down-regulation of PKC by phorbol esters was confirmed by Western blotting and resulted in the complete loss of cPKC activity, partial loss of nPKC activity and preservation of aPKC activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	19-22
10819756-1	2000	Protein kinase C (PKC), the major cell target for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, plays a central role in signal transduction pathways.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	18-21
10819756-6	2000	Treatment of GV oocytes with the biologically active phorbol ester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), resulted in a rapid translocation of the cytosolic PKC-alpha, but not PKC-betaI, PKC-betaII, or RACK1, to the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	164-173
10819756-6	2000	Treatment of GV oocytes with the biologically active phorbol ester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), resulted in a rapid translocation of the cytosolic PKC-alpha, but not PKC-betaI, PKC-betaII, or RACK1, to the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Mus musculus	209-214
10889466-6	2000	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, stimulated VEGF secretion.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	106-110
10959625-0	2000	Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the promoter region of mouse cyclin D1 gene: implication in phorbol ester-induced tumour promotion.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	72-81
10830309-6	2000	PLD activity was also potently stimulated by treatment with phorbol esters, but this activity was only partially inhibited by brefeldin A or by the overexpression of ARF dominant negative mutants.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10830281-4	2000	Down-regulation of PKC by phorbol esters was confirmed by Western blotting and resulted in the complete loss of cPKC activity, partial loss of nPKC activity and preservation of aPKC activity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	insulin	Homo sapiens	214-221
10844601-2	2000	Phorbol esters increase both HK activity and glucose utilization in cultured mesangial cells via a protein kinase C (PKC)- and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2)-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	127-173
10843764-8	2000	The synergy between HGF inducers and IFN-gamma is not common to all HGF inducers, because HGF production stimulated by epidermal growth factor and protein-kinase-C-activating phorbol esters was significantly inhibited by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	221-230
10849009-1	2000	Phorbol esters reactivate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from latently infected cells via transcriptional activation of the viral immediate-early gene BZLF1.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	145-150
10843764-8	2000	The synergy between HGF inducers and IFN-gamma is not common to all HGF inducers, because HGF production stimulated by epidermal growth factor and protein-kinase-C-activating phorbol esters was significantly inhibited by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	20-23
10843764-8	2000	The synergy between HGF inducers and IFN-gamma is not common to all HGF inducers, because HGF production stimulated by epidermal growth factor and protein-kinase-C-activating phorbol esters was significantly inhibited by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	37-46
10843764-8	2000	The synergy between HGF inducers and IFN-gamma is not common to all HGF inducers, because HGF production stimulated by epidermal growth factor and protein-kinase-C-activating phorbol esters was significantly inhibited by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	68-71
10843764-8	2000	The synergy between HGF inducers and IFN-gamma is not common to all HGF inducers, because HGF production stimulated by epidermal growth factor and protein-kinase-C-activating phorbol esters was significantly inhibited by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	68-71
10848972-0	2000	Transcriptional control of adrenomedullin induction by phorbol ester in human monocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	adrenomedullin	Homo sapiens	27-41
10844550-6	2000	After exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetylphorbol, Nf1+/- keratinocytes showed significant, sustained, increases in proliferation, implicating Nf1 in phorbol ester responsive pathways.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	55-58
10844550-6	2000	After exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetylphorbol, Nf1+/- keratinocytes showed significant, sustained, increases in proliferation, implicating Nf1 in phorbol ester responsive pathways.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	neurofibromin 1	Mus musculus	147-150
10844601-2	2000	Phorbol esters increase both HK activity and glucose utilization in cultured mesangial cells via a protein kinase C (PKC)- and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2)-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	175-181
10844601-9	2000	RESULTS: Thrombin (>/=0.01 U/mL) mimicked the effect of phorbol esters, increasing HK activity> 50% within 12 to 24 hours (P < 0.05).	Phorbol Esters	59-73	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	9-17
10832096-6	2000	We conclude that, in astrocytes, the PLD isoform which is activated by phorbol ester requires PKC, ARF and Rho proteins for full activity and probably represents PLD1.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	phospholipase D1	Rattus norvegicus	162-166
11032759-0	2000	Repression of transcription by HoxC11 upon phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	homeobox C11	Homo sapiens	31-37
11032759-5	2000	We report the isolation of HoxC11 in a yeast one-hybrid screen for factors binding to a phorbol-ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) response element (VLTRE), which is also a target for TPA-induced binding of Rel factors in gel-shift experiments.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	homeobox C11	Homo sapiens	27-33
10854062-7	2000	Thus, dephosphorylation of cdk2 as well as accumulation of cdk2 inhibitor is likely to contribute to the G1 phase arrest in phorbol ester-treated in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
10779634-0	2000	Induction of KAI-1 expression in metastatic cancer cells by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	CD82 molecule	Homo sapiens	13-18
10854062-0	2000	Cdk7- and Cdc25A-independent dephosphorylation of Cdk2 during phorbol ester-mediated cell cycle arrest in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cyclin dependent kinase 7	Homo sapiens	0-4
10854062-7	2000	Thus, dephosphorylation of cdk2 as well as accumulation of cdk2 inhibitor is likely to contribute to the G1 phase arrest in phorbol ester-treated in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
10783132-0	2000	Induction of cell cornification and enhanced squamous-cell marker SPRR1 gene expression by phorbol ester are regulated by different signaling pathways in human conducting airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	small proline rich protein 1B	Homo sapiens	66-71
10854062-0	2000	Cdk7- and Cdc25A-independent dephosphorylation of Cdk2 during phorbol ester-mediated cell cycle arrest in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cell division cycle 25A	Homo sapiens	10-16
10854062-0	2000	Cdk7- and Cdc25A-independent dephosphorylation of Cdk2 during phorbol ester-mediated cell cycle arrest in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	50-54
10854062-4	2000	Reduced activity of cdk2 correlated with cdk2 dephosphorylation and accumulation of cdk2 inhibitor p21Waf in phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
10799547-6	2000	We found that TACE must be expressed with its membrane-anchoring domain for phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of TNF, p75 TNFR, and IL-1R-II, but that the cytoplasmic domain is not required for the shedding of these substrates.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	14-18
10799547-6	2000	We found that TACE must be expressed with its membrane-anchoring domain for phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of TNF, p75 TNFR, and IL-1R-II, but that the cytoplasmic domain is not required for the shedding of these substrates.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	113-116
10799547-6	2000	We found that TACE must be expressed with its membrane-anchoring domain for phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of TNF, p75 TNFR, and IL-1R-II, but that the cytoplasmic domain is not required for the shedding of these substrates.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	118-121
10799547-6	2000	We found that TACE must be expressed with its membrane-anchoring domain for phorbol ester-stimulated shedding of TNF, p75 TNFR, and IL-1R-II, but that the cytoplasmic domain is not required for the shedding of these substrates.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	122-126
10788502-3	2000	Also, the hypoxia-mimicking agent cobalt, as well as serum and phorbol ester, induced VEGF expression, but the effect of NE was additive to each of these factors, implying that a separate signaling mechanism for the NE-mediated induction was activated.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	86-90
10790351-5	2000	In an aortic smooth muscle cell line, agents that lead to physiological vasoconstriction and hypertrophy, such as phorbol esters, increased GRK2 promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
10783132-1	2000	Phorbol ester is a strong inducer for both cell cornification and squamous-cell marker SPRR1 gene expression in conducting airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	small proline rich protein 1B	Homo sapiens	87-92
10775888-0	2000	Differential regulation of vitamin D receptor expression in distinct leukemic cell lines upon phorbol ester-induced growth arrest.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	vitamin D receptor	Homo sapiens	27-45
10842315-0	2000	Identification of multiple cis-acting elements mediating the induction of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 by phorbol ester in murine osteoblastic cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	74-102
10867512-5	2000	RESULTS: A significant amount of IL-5 was produced by Con A blast lymphocytes derived from allergic subjects upon stimulation with phorbol ester and Ca(2+) ionophore, whereas the cells derived from control subjects did not produce a detectable amount of IL-5.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	33-37
10830615-4	2000	When wild type MacMARCKS was expressed in these cells, the phorbol ester-induced adhesion to ICAM-1-coated surface increased approximately 5-fold compared to vector transfected control cells.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	MARCKS like 1	Homo sapiens	15-24
10830615-4	2000	When wild type MacMARCKS was expressed in these cells, the phorbol ester-induced adhesion to ICAM-1-coated surface increased approximately 5-fold compared to vector transfected control cells.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	93-99
10779365-0	2000	The guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP is a high -affinity target for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	39-45
10787437-1	2000	Transcription of the LDL receptor gene is markedly enhanced in the Jurkat T cell line by stimulation with the combination of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX).	Phorbol Esters	129-142	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	21-33
10779365-2	2000	The phorbol ester [(3)H]phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate ([(3)H]PDBu) bound to this C1 domain (C1-RasGRP) with a dissociation constant of 0.58 +/- 0.08 nM, similar to that observed previously for PKC.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	91-97
10779383-5	2000	Using gel mobility shift assays, we observed a transient increase in a complex between nuclear extracts from neonatal rat cardiac myocytes treated with inducers of Egr-1, including the alpha-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine, angiotensin II, and phorbol ester, and a consensus Egr-1 DNA element.	Phorbol Esters	245-258	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	164-169
10779365-2	2000	The phorbol ester [(3)H]phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate ([(3)H]PDBu) bound to this C1 domain (C1-RasGRP) with a dissociation constant of 0.58 +/- 0.08 nM, similar to that observed previously for PKC.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	189-192
10779365-4	2000	Structure activity analysis using several phorbol ester analogs showed both similarities and differences in ligand selectivity compared with PKC; the differences were comparable in magnitude to those between different PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	218-221
10779365-10	2000	We conclude that RasGRP is a high affinity receptor for phorbol esters and diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	17-23
10779365-11	2000	RasGRP thus provides a direct link between diacylglycerol generation or phorbol ester/bryostatin treatment and Ras activation.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
10809228-12	2000	Transcription from a region of the ovalbumin promoter, which contains an ERE half-site and an AP-1 motif, is positively regulated by liganded wt ER alpha and ERdeltaE3 in phorbol ester-treated, transiently transfected HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	145-153
10766849-0	2000	The lipophilicity of phorbol esters as a critical factor in determining the pattern of translocation of protein kinase C delta fused to green fluorescent protein.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	104-126
10820483-5	2000	Ras-GRP is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ras and promotes malignant transformation in fibroblasts in a phorbol ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	4-7
10820483-6	2000	The C1 domain in Ras-GRP may, therefore, have a dominant role in Ras-GRP activation and is essential for phorbol ester-dependent activation of downstream effectors of ras, i.e., the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	21-24
10754199-0	2000	Momordin I, a compound of ampelopsis radix, inhibits AP-1 activation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	53-57
10766863-4	2000	In COS-7 cells transiently expressing the human GnRH receptor, agonist-induced ERK activation was independent of free Gbetagamma subunits but could be mimicked by short-term phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	48-61
10766863-4	2000	In COS-7 cells transiently expressing the human GnRH receptor, agonist-induced ERK activation was independent of free Gbetagamma subunits but could be mimicked by short-term phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
10766863-6	2000	GnRH as well as phorbol esters led to Ras activation in COS-7 and alphaT3-1 cells, which was dependent on Src and EGFR tyrosine kinases, indicating that both tyrosine kinases act downstream of protein kinase C (PKC) and upstream of Ras.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	106-109
10766863-6	2000	GnRH as well as phorbol esters led to Ras activation in COS-7 and alphaT3-1 cells, which was dependent on Src and EGFR tyrosine kinases, indicating that both tyrosine kinases act downstream of protein kinase C (PKC) and upstream of Ras.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	114-118
10766863-8	2000	GnRH or phorbol ester challenge resulted in PKC-dependent EGFR autophosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	8-21	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	58-62
10753946-2	2000	In phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 thymoma cells, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinases and promotes cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	106-143
10749687-6	2000	In contrast, direct activation of PKC with the active phorbol ester PMA induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 and FAK but only when platelets were fully aggregated with the exogenous addition of fibrinogen (the ligand for alphaIIbbeta3 integrin).	Phorbol Esters	54-67	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
10749687-6	2000	In contrast, direct activation of PKC with the active phorbol ester PMA induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 and FAK but only when platelets were fully aggregated with the exogenous addition of fibrinogen (the ligand for alphaIIbbeta3 integrin).	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	112-116
10749687-6	2000	In contrast, direct activation of PKC with the active phorbol ester PMA induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 and FAK but only when platelets were fully aggregated with the exogenous addition of fibrinogen (the ligand for alphaIIbbeta3 integrin).	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
10749687-6	2000	In contrast, direct activation of PKC with the active phorbol ester PMA induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 and FAK but only when platelets were fully aggregated with the exogenous addition of fibrinogen (the ligand for alphaIIbbeta3 integrin).	Phorbol Esters	54-67	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	202-212
10753934-1	2000	Stimulation of serum-starved human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells with either the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), or insulin resulted in increases in the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and p70 S6 kinase, eIF4F assembly, and protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	202-208
10753934-1	2000	Stimulation of serum-starved human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells with either the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), or insulin resulted in increases in the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and p70 S6 kinase, eIF4F assembly, and protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	228-233
10753946-2	2000	In phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 thymoma cells, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinases and promotes cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	145-148
10766849-1	2000	Our previous study showed differential subcellular localization of protein kinase C (PKC) delta by phorbol esters and related ligands, using a green fluorescent protein-tagged construct in living cells.	Phorbol Esters	99-113	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	85-88
10766849-8	2000	Our results indicate that lipophilicity of phorbol esters is a critical factor contributing to differential PKC delta localization and thereby potentially to their different biological activities.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	108-117
10744726-2	2000	Identification of two HER4 isoforms, HER4 JM-a and JM-b, which differ in their extracellular juxtamembrane region and in their susceptibility to cleavage after phorbol ester stimulation, showed that the juxtamembrane region of the receptor is critical for proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	22-26
10753956-12	2000	Because this TGAATTC element responded to phorbol ester and overexpression of CREB-binding protein abrogated the suppressive effect of estrogen on the LPL promoter, we conclude that a unique protein that is related to the AP-1 transcription factor families may be involved in the complex that binds to the TGAATTC element.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	lipoprotein lipase	Mus musculus	151-154
10783893-6	2000	Endogenous NAK is activated by phorbol ester tumour promoters and growth factors, whereas catalytically inactive NAK specifically inhibits activation of NF-kappaB by protein kinase C-epsilon (PKCepsilon).	Phorbol Esters	31-44	TANK binding kinase 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
10744703-5	2000	In contrast with wild-type receptors, mutant P2X(2) receptors with truncated C terminus exhibited variable cell-specific kinetics with quickly desensitizing currents converted to slowly desensitizing currents by phorbol ester-mediated stimulation of protein kinase C. Phosphorylation of Thr(18) was demonstrated directly by immunodetection using specific monoclonal antibodies directed against the phosphothreonine-proline motif.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	purinergic receptor P2X 2	Homo sapiens	45-51
10744726-2	2000	Identification of two HER4 isoforms, HER4 JM-a and JM-b, which differ in their extracellular juxtamembrane region and in their susceptibility to cleavage after phorbol ester stimulation, showed that the juxtamembrane region of the receptor is critical for proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	37-41
10744726-3	2000	We now demonstrate that phorbol ester and pervanadate are effective stimuli for HER4 JM-a processing and that the HER4 JM-b isoform does not undergo cleavage in response to any of the stimuli studied.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	80-84
10751351-5	2000	The human Fn14 gene, like the murine Fn14 gene, is expressed at elevated levels after FGF, calf serum or phorbol ester treatment of fibroblasts in vitro and is expressed at relatively high levels in heart and kidney in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 12a	Mus musculus	37-41
10789681-4	2000	The combination of ionomycin and phorbol ester was able to mimic TCR stimulation to induce IFN-gamma production, although the same treatment triggered granule exocytosis inefficiently.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	65-68
10789681-4	2000	The combination of ionomycin and phorbol ester was able to mimic TCR stimulation to induce IFN-gamma production, although the same treatment triggered granule exocytosis inefficiently.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	91-100
10749747-0	2000	Phorbol ester-induced U-937 differentiation: effects on integrin alpha(5) gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	integrin subunit alpha 5	Homo sapiens	56-73
10751351-5	2000	The human Fn14 gene, like the murine Fn14 gene, is expressed at elevated levels after FGF, calf serum or phorbol ester treatment of fibroblasts in vitro and is expressed at relatively high levels in heart and kidney in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	TNF receptor superfamily member 12A	Homo sapiens	10-14
10727429-2	2000	Using immunofluorescence and cell fractionation, PKC-beta is shown to be recruited to the plasma membrane upon stimulation with phorbol ester and to the phagosomal membrane upon phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles (Fcgamma-receptor stimulus).	Phorbol Esters	128-141	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	49-57
10734114-5	2000	We show that phorbol ester, insulin-like growth factor 1, and a constitutively active PI3K suppress both tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis and ceramide generation.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	105-126
10759780-6	2000	Stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin also resulted in a low proliferative response of SF T cells, indicating that both signal transduction through the TCR (stimulation with anti-CD3) and events further downstream in the signalling pathways (stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin) are affected.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	159-162
10734024-8	2000	Butyrate also selectively modulated activation of NF-kappaB, suppressing its activation by tumor necrosis factor alpha and phorbol ester more than 10-fold, without affecting the activity induced by interleukin (IL)-1beta.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	50-59
10792504-0	2000	Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 gene expression in human endothelial cells by phorbol ester and cAMP signalling.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	C-C motif chemokine ligand 7	Homo sapiens	55-89
10694448-8	2000	However, PMA, a phorbol ester that inhibits Col2a1 expression and chondrocyte differentiation, had an unexpectedly modest effect on Sox9 RNA accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	collagen type II alpha 1 chain	Gallus gallus	44-50
10722744-6	2000	Transfection analysis showed that down-regulation of CD11d expression by phorbol ester was myelomonocyte-specific and is mediated by one or more cis-elements within the -173 to +74 region.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	integrin subunit alpha D	Homo sapiens	53-58
10722744-9	2000	Overexpression of either Sp1 or Sp3 in THP1 cells led to activation of the CD11d promoter even in the presence of phorbol ester, whereas down-regulation of either factor by antisense oligonucleotides decreased CD11d promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	32-35
10722744-9	2000	Overexpression of either Sp1 or Sp3 in THP1 cells led to activation of the CD11d promoter even in the presence of phorbol ester, whereas down-regulation of either factor by antisense oligonucleotides decreased CD11d promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	39-43
10722744-13	2000	Together, these results show that myelomonocyte-specific phorbol ester down-regulation of CD11d is mediated through both Sp1 and Sp3.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	integrin subunit alpha D	Homo sapiens	90-95
10722744-13	2000	Together, these results show that myelomonocyte-specific phorbol ester down-regulation of CD11d is mediated through both Sp1 and Sp3.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	129-132
10713064-0	2000	Involvement of protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) in phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	15-37
10713064-0	2000	Involvement of protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) in phorbol ester-induced apoptosis in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	39-47
10713064-2	2000	Phorbol esters, the activators of protein kinase C (PKC), induce apoptosis in androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	52-55
10713064-9	2000	In addition, phorbol ester-induced apoptosis was blocked by a kinase-deficient mutant of PKCdelta, supporting the concept that PKCdelta plays an important role in the regulation of apoptotic cell death in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	89-97
10713064-9	2000	In addition, phorbol ester-induced apoptosis was blocked by a kinase-deficient mutant of PKCdelta, supporting the concept that PKCdelta plays an important role in the regulation of apoptotic cell death in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	127-135
10723128-7	2000	We find here that the FAP1 site contributes strongly to phorbol ester (TPA) and Erk MAP kinase activation of the c-fos enhancer and that both the p62TCF and FAP1 sites are required for effective activation of the enhancer.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	113-118
10709112-10	2000	Finally, in vivo experiments have confirmed previous results showing that activation of PLD by phorbol esters is markedly potentiated in the MDR cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	88-91
10749124-6	2000	Treatment of BK5.IGF-1 transgenic mice with multiple topical applications of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, in the absence of tumor initiation led to the development of additional skin papillomas.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	17-22
10715158-16	2000	Our present approach should facilitate the generation of multiple libraries of structurally similar DAG-lactones to help exploit molecular diversity for PK-C and other high-affinity receptors for DAG and the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	208-222	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	153-157
10694512-5	2000	The presence of Bay K 8644, insulin, and phorbol esters could stimulate the binding of the nuclear factors to the TTGGC region of the rat regucalcin gene in H4-II-E cells.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	regucalcin	Rattus norvegicus	138-148
10692461-3	2000	The effect of norepinephrine and phorbol esters on alpha(1a)-adrenoreceptor phosphorylation and coupling to G proteins were studied.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	adrenoceptor alpha 1A	Rattus norvegicus	51-75
10694512-6	2000	The specific mutation introduced in this region, which was ligated to a luciferase reporter gene, reduced significantly the effects of Bay K 8644, insulin, and phorbol esters in stimulating the regucalcin gene transcriptional activity in H4-II-E cells.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	regucalcin	Rattus norvegicus	194-204
10775801-6	2000	On the contrary, stimulation of AP1 proteins by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester caused a decrease in androgen-induced mvdp mRNA accumulation, and this effect was reversed by staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	32-35
10693923-0	2000	Phorbol ester activation of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 subunit gene: involvement of transcription factor Egr-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	131-136
10739005-8	2000	In the case of the monocytic maturation of HL-60 cells treated with phorbol esters (PMA), the abl and bcr homologous genes were repositioned closer to each other and closer to the nuclear centre.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	94-97
10739005-8	2000	In the case of the monocytic maturation of HL-60 cells treated with phorbol esters (PMA), the abl and bcr homologous genes were repositioned closer to each other and closer to the nuclear centre.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	102-105
10708478-2	2000	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), acting via its cellular receptor protein kinase C(PKC), induces these cells to acquire a monocytic phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	112-115
10712520-3	2000	Here we demonstrate that transforming growth factor beta(1) (TGFbeta(1)) selectively inhibits the cAMP-dependent cell cycle in mid-G1 and various cell cycle regulatory events, but it weakly affects the stimulation of DNA synthesis by epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor, serum, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	302-316	transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein	Canis lupus familiaris	25-59
10710137-1	2000	In this study, we developed a phorbol ester-induced PKC downregulation protocol to investigate the relation between the amount and activity of specific PKC isoforms in coronary arterial smooth muscle and coronary vasoconstriction by ET-1 and PGF2alpha.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	233-237
10712520-3	2000	Here we demonstrate that transforming growth factor beta(1) (TGFbeta(1)) selectively inhibits the cAMP-dependent cell cycle in mid-G1 and various cell cycle regulatory events, but it weakly affects the stimulation of DNA synthesis by epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor, serum, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	302-316	transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein	Canis lupus familiaris	61-71
10666204-4	2000	Zf9 is induced as an immediate-early response gene in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) following treatment with serum or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	Kruppel like factor 6	Homo sapiens	0-3
10718382-6	2000	Tolerance is specific for endotoxin, because phorbol ester is still able to activate transcription of the endogenous interleukin 1beta gene and transfected reporter genes.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	117-134
10715542-6	2000	PGS-2 transcripts were highly upregulated in the ovaries by the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, in combination with the calcium ionophore, A23187.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	decorin	Homo sapiens	0-5
10693923-5	2000	In addition, phorbol esters elevate both Egr-1 mRNA and Egr-1 protein levels in chromaffin cells, whereas electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that the Egr-1 component of the complexes that originate at the alpha7 promoter increases in cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	41-46
10693923-5	2000	In addition, phorbol esters elevate both Egr-1 mRNA and Egr-1 protein levels in chromaffin cells, whereas electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that the Egr-1 component of the complexes that originate at the alpha7 promoter increases in cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	56-61
10693923-5	2000	In addition, phorbol esters elevate both Egr-1 mRNA and Egr-1 protein levels in chromaffin cells, whereas electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that the Egr-1 component of the complexes that originate at the alpha7 promoter increases in cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	56-61
10693923-6	2000	These results suggest that the transcription factor Egr-1 is involved in triggering expression of alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive nicotinic receptors in response to external stimuli, such as the ones resulting from phorbol ester treatment, and support our previous hypothesis that the alpha7 subunit gene is one of the specific targets for Egr-1.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	52-57
10693923-6	2000	These results suggest that the transcription factor Egr-1 is involved in triggering expression of alpha-bungarotoxin-sensitive nicotinic receptors in response to external stimuli, such as the ones resulting from phorbol ester treatment, and support our previous hypothesis that the alpha7 subunit gene is one of the specific targets for Egr-1.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	early growth response 1	Bos taurus	337-342
10684971-5	2000	Mutational analyses and transient transfections indicate that MMP-1 TIE functions both as a constitutive repressor of MMP-1 gene expression and, in the presence of TGF-beta, as an antagonist of transcriptional induction by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	223-237	interstitial collagenase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	62-67
10681523-8	2000	By contrast, phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 still occurred in cells in which the Ca(2+)- and diacylglycerol-dependent isoforms of protein kinase C were down-regulated by prolonged exposure to a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-38
10648401-0	2000	Platelet secretion induced by phorbol esters stimulation is mediated through phosphorylation of MARCKS: a MARCKS-derived peptide blocks MARCKS phosphorylation and serotonin release without affecting pleckstrin phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	96-102
10669635-1	2000	The expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), an important component of the cellular defense system against oxidative stress, is induced in response to a variety of stimuli, including cytokines and phorbol esters, in endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	211-225	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Bos taurus	18-48
10669635-1	2000	The expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), an important component of the cellular defense system against oxidative stress, is induced in response to a variety of stimuli, including cytokines and phorbol esters, in endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	211-225	superoxide dismutase [Mn], mitochondrial	Bos taurus	50-56
10662827-3	2000	Only PKCgamma was found to have been translocated to the membrane fraction when secretion of 5-HT was evoked by upward arrow[Ca(2+)](e) or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	5-13
10648401-0	2000	Platelet secretion induced by phorbol esters stimulation is mediated through phosphorylation of MARCKS: a MARCKS-derived peptide blocks MARCKS phosphorylation and serotonin release without affecting pleckstrin phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	106-112
10648401-0	2000	Platelet secretion induced by phorbol esters stimulation is mediated through phosphorylation of MARCKS: a MARCKS-derived peptide blocks MARCKS phosphorylation and serotonin release without affecting pleckstrin phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	106-112
10625675-1	2000	Phorbol ester-inducible mouse 8S-lipoxygenase (8-LOX) and its human homologue, 15S-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2), share 78% identity in amino acid sequences, yet there is no overlap in their positional specificities.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	30-45
10821424-5	2000	Phorbol esters together with the calcium ionophore A23187 fully reproduced thrombin action on aSMase release.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	75-83
10821424-5	2000	Phorbol esters together with the calcium ionophore A23187 fully reproduced thrombin action on aSMase release.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	94-100
10623835-5	2000	Functional analyses indicated that the chicken TCR/CD3 complex was efficiently down-regulated by phorbol ester treatment, demonstrating the integrity of a CD3gamma-like cytoplasmic internalization motif.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	CD3d molecule	Gallus gallus	51-54
10650939-5	2000	In Jurkat leukemic T cells, which express PGDH endogenously, the transfected PGDH promoter was strongly induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	42-46
10650939-5	2000	In Jurkat leukemic T cells, which express PGDH endogenously, the transfected PGDH promoter was strongly induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	77-81
10664501-11	2000	In cultured THP-1 monocytes stimulated with phorbol ester, the expression of MMP-9 protein and mRNA were both decreased after exposure to relevant concentrations of Dox in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	12-17
10664501-11	2000	In cultured THP-1 monocytes stimulated with phorbol ester, the expression of MMP-9 protein and mRNA were both decreased after exposure to relevant concentrations of Dox in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	77-82
10625675-1	2000	Phorbol ester-inducible mouse 8S-lipoxygenase (8-LOX) and its human homologue, 15S-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2), share 78% identity in amino acid sequences, yet there is no overlap in their positional specificities.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	47-52
10625675-1	2000	Phorbol ester-inducible mouse 8S-lipoxygenase (8-LOX) and its human homologue, 15S-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2), share 78% identity in amino acid sequences, yet there is no overlap in their positional specificities.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	79-97
10625675-1	2000	Phorbol ester-inducible mouse 8S-lipoxygenase (8-LOX) and its human homologue, 15S-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2), share 78% identity in amino acid sequences, yet there is no overlap in their positional specificities.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B	Homo sapiens	99-107
10617662-2	2000	Experimentally, VEGF overexpression can be induced by the treatment of cell cultures and biological tissues with phorbol esters, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	113-127	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	16-20
10639096-5	2000	Protein kinase C(s) activated by phorbol esters and diacylglycerol can also inhibit MLCP by phosphorylating and thereby activating CPI-17, an inhibitor of its catalytic subunit; this mechanism is independent of the Rho/Rho-kinase pathway and plays only a minor, transient role in the G-protein-coupled mechanism of Ca2+ sensitization.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14A	Homo sapiens	131-137
10705961-0	2000	Fatty acid cyclooxygenase induction accompanied by prostaglandin D synthesis in a human megakaryoblastic cell line CMK differentiated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9	Homo sapiens	115-118
11193580-8	2000	Transfection of a dominant/negative PKC-alpha results in a slower increase in tight junction permeability in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	36-45
10769627-3	2000	Exposure to the protein kinase inhibitor, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H7), increased the phosphorylation of wild type p53 protein, whereas exposure to the tumor promoter phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), decreased it in vivo following 3 hours incubation with mouse epidermal JB6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14	Mus musculus	16-30
10769627-3	2000	Exposure to the protein kinase inhibitor, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H7), increased the phosphorylation of wild type p53 protein, whereas exposure to the tumor promoter phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), decreased it in vivo following 3 hours incubation with mouse epidermal JB6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	153-156
10769695-2	2000	Treatment of the monoblastic U-937 cells with the phorbol ester, TPA, was found to induce apoptosis in two distinct phases.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	65-68
10974422-7	2000	Activation of HO2 by phorbol esters, that stimulate protein kinase C to phosphorylate HO2, augments production of bilirubin which protects brain cultures from oxidative stress.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	heme oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	14-17
11206583-0	2000	Tamoxifen inhibits phorbol ester stimulated osteoclastic bone resorption: an effect mediated by calmodulin.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	96-106
11206583-3	2000	Phorbol esters stimulate bone resorption and calmodulin levels four-fold (k0.5 = 0.1-0.3 microM).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	45-55
10917568-4	2000	Both troglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15-d-PGJ2) seemed to inhibit phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha release from THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	111-120
10917568-4	2000	Both troglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15-d-PGJ2) seemed to inhibit phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha release from THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	134-139
10741304-0	2000	Forskolin and phorbol ester have opposite effects on the expression of mucin-associated sialyl-Lewis(a) in pancreatic cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	71-76
11426586-4	2000	In this study, we examined whether PPARgamma ligand regulates osteopontin gene expression in THP-1 cells, a cell line derived from human monocytic leukemia cells which can differentiate to macrophage upon stimulation with phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	222-235	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	35-44
10698043-4	2000	We showed that the FLG 29.1 cells express proal (I) collagen mRNA, whose expression is modulated by phorbol esters (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	100-114	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	19-22
12845746-1	2000	Phorbol ester-induced release of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) from human somatotrophic tumors was examined in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	33-47
12845746-1	2000	Phorbol ester-induced release of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) from human somatotrophic tumors was examined in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	49-51
12845746-1	2000	Phorbol ester-induced release of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) from human somatotrophic tumors was examined in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	68-71
10628750-10	2000	We conclude that AII stimulates the NF-kappaB transcription factor pathway by activating latent DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB subunits through a phorbol ester-sensitive (PKC-dependent) mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	17-20
11206583-5	2000	Phorbol esters stimulated resorption in a time-dependent manner that was closely correlated with a similar-fold increase in calmodulin.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	124-134
11206583-6	2000	Protein kinase C alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, and zeta were all down-regulated in response to phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-54
11206583-8	2000	Down-regulation of protein kinase C isoforms by phorbol esters suggests that the observed increases in bone resorption and calmodulin levels are most likely due to a mechanism independent of protein kinase C and dependent on calmodulin.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	123-133
11206583-8	2000	Down-regulation of protein kinase C isoforms by phorbol esters suggests that the observed increases in bone resorption and calmodulin levels are most likely due to a mechanism independent of protein kinase C and dependent on calmodulin.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	225-235
11206583-9	2000	In conclusion, the data suggest that protein kinase C negatively regulates calmodulin expression and support the hypothesis that the effects of both phorbol esters and tamoxifen on osteoclast activity is mediated by calmodulin.	Phorbol Esters	149-163	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	216-226
11216470-0	2000	Inhibitory effects of curcumin and capsaicin on phorbol ester-induced activation of eukaryotic transcription factors, NF-kappaB and AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	118-127
11216470-0	2000	Inhibitory effects of curcumin and capsaicin on phorbol ester-induced activation of eukaryotic transcription factors, NF-kappaB and AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	132-136
11052626-5	2000	However, in cells co-expressing Pgp/PKC (alpha or epsilon), pre-treatment with the phorbol ester TPA significantly reduced the swelling-activated 125I efflux with both PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	32-35
11023645-6	2000	However, tumor promoter phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) functioned as a potent inhibitor of both PAcP and PSA expression.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	acid phosphatase 3	Homo sapiens	123-127
11023645-6	2000	However, tumor promoter phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) functioned as a potent inhibitor of both PAcP and PSA expression.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	132-135
11467767-0	2000	Different levels of TGFbeta, IL-10, IFNgamma and gelatinase A occur in experimental white and black metastases induced by bryostatin 1 or by phorbol ester-treated BL6T murine melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	20-27
11467767-0	2000	Different levels of TGFbeta, IL-10, IFNgamma and gelatinase A occur in experimental white and black metastases induced by bryostatin 1 or by phorbol ester-treated BL6T murine melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	29-34
11467767-0	2000	Different levels of TGFbeta, IL-10, IFNgamma and gelatinase A occur in experimental white and black metastases induced by bryostatin 1 or by phorbol ester-treated BL6T murine melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	36-44
11467767-0	2000	Different levels of TGFbeta, IL-10, IFNgamma and gelatinase A occur in experimental white and black metastases induced by bryostatin 1 or by phorbol ester-treated BL6T murine melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	49-61
10675027-6	2000	Phorbol ester, a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), also enhances these phosphorylations, whereas bisindolylmaleimide I, a specific inhibitor of PKC, clearly inhibits the phosphorylation of p80.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
10675027-6	2000	Phorbol ester, a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), also enhances these phosphorylations, whereas bisindolylmaleimide I, a specific inhibitor of PKC, clearly inhibits the phosphorylation of p80.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	TATA-box binding protein associated factor 6	Rattus norvegicus	199-202
10633228-3	2000	ERbeta levels were decreased in the primary myometrial cultures after treatment with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanolyl-13 acetate, to stimulate AP-1 activity, and this effect is inhibited if cells were pretreated with estrogen.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	estrogen receptor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
10590110-7	2000	Virus binding to K562 cells treated with phorbol ester 24 h previously and expressing alpha2beta1 was elevated over binding to control cells and was specifically blocked by the anti-alpha2 monoclonal antibody AK7.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	adenylate kinase 7	Homo sapiens	209-212
10877452-0	2000	Involvement of different protein kinases and phospholipases A2 in phorbol ester (TPA)-induced arachidonic acid liberation in bovine platelets.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	81-84
10941932-0	2000	Differential level in co-down-modulation of CD4 and CXCR4 primed by HIV-1 gp120 in response to phorbol ester, PMA, among HIV-1 isolates.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	44-47
10941932-0	2000	Differential level in co-down-modulation of CD4 and CXCR4 primed by HIV-1 gp120 in response to phorbol ester, PMA, among HIV-1 isolates.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	52-57
10941932-0	2000	Differential level in co-down-modulation of CD4 and CXCR4 primed by HIV-1 gp120 in response to phorbol ester, PMA, among HIV-1 isolates.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	74-79
10803405-10	2000	Furthermore, the A-Fos dominant negative was able to inhibit phorbol ester induction of the EGFR promoter.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	92-96
10974422-7	2000	Activation of HO2 by phorbol esters, that stimulate protein kinase C to phosphorylate HO2, augments production of bilirubin which protects brain cultures from oxidative stress.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	heme oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	86-89
10601245-2	1999	At the cell surface, LFA-1 activity can be regulated by divalent cations that enhance receptor affinity but also by membrane clustering induced by treatment of cells with substances such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	integrin alpha L	Mus musculus	21-26
21214483-3	2000	The most significant results were exhibited by extracts from Xanthoria elegans and Alectoria nigricans , which respectively, induced QR activity (concentration to double activity = 4.8 microg/ml) and inhibited phorbol ester-induced ODC activity with mouse 308 cells in culture (IC 50 = 2.6 microg/ml).	Phorbol Esters	210-223	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	232-235
10994080-4	2000	The data of immunoblotting showed that the mild heat shock at 43 degrees C for 60 min, phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor (the two latter known to induce differentiation and apoptosis, respectively) caused Hsp70 accumulation, the protein level being high within 48 hours and then slowly declined to the basal level.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	211-216
10994081-3	2000	Here data are presented concerning effect of heat shock accompanied by a high-level accumulation of Hsp70 on the phorbol ester-induced expression of surface antigens and on TNF-alpha mediated apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	100-105
10994081-3	2000	Here data are presented concerning effect of heat shock accompanied by a high-level accumulation of Hsp70 on the phorbol ester-induced expression of surface antigens and on TNF-alpha mediated apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	173-182
10994081-4	2000	The data showed that heat shock at 43 degrees C for 60 min reduced the expression of CD11c and CD23 surface markers pre-established by phorbol ester; the latter is known to induce macrophage-like phenotype by 70-80% of the original level.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	85-90
10994081-4	2000	The data showed that heat shock at 43 degrees C for 60 min reduced the expression of CD11c and CD23 surface markers pre-established by phorbol ester; the latter is known to induce macrophage-like phenotype by 70-80% of the original level.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	95-99
10601254-0	1999	The role of the Smad3 protein in phorbol ester-induced promoter expression.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens	16-21
10608863-2	1999	When phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) are topically applied, prominent epidermal thickening occurs, and exposure to interferon (IFN)-gamma promotes increased epidermal thickness producing psoriatic lesions.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	149-171
10601319-1	1999	Transcriptional activation of human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA induced by a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), was examined to identify the responsive transcriptional regulator.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	36-66
10601319-1	1999	Transcriptional activation of human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA induced by a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), was examined to identify the responsive transcriptional regulator.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	68-73
10600159-2	1999	Induction of heme oxygenase-1 can be caused by numerous factors, including heme, other metalloporphyrins, transition metal ions, heat shock, ultraviolet light, phorbol esters, sodium arsenite, and phenylarsine oxide (PAO).	Phorbol Esters	160-174	heme oxygenase 1	Gallus gallus	13-29
10613894-3	1999	Here, we have identified phorbol ester-induced expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in mouse skin as the first example of an in vivo system to measure negative interference between AP-1 and GR in the animal.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	61-66
10613894-3	1999	Here, we have identified phorbol ester-induced expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in mouse skin as the first example of an in vivo system to measure negative interference between AP-1 and GR in the animal.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Mus musculus	71-77
10613894-3	1999	Here, we have identified phorbol ester-induced expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in mouse skin as the first example of an in vivo system to measure negative interference between AP-1 and GR in the animal.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Mus musculus	184-186
10567228-0	1999	Conformation of the C1 phorbol-ester-binding domain participates in the activating conformational change of protein kinase C. The fluorescent phorbol ester 12-N-methylanthraniloylphorbol 13-acetate [sapintoxin D (SAPD)] was used as both the activator and the probe for the activating conformational change of the C1 domain of recombinant protein kinase C (PKC)alpha.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	356-365
10585462-3	1999	In cells expressing the dopamine transporter, activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters results in a significant reduction in dopamine uptake.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	24-44
10585462-7	1999	Upon the addition of phorbol esters, transporters at the cell surface are rapidly endocytosed through a clathrin-mediated and dynamin-dependent mechanism into early endosomes, where they colocalize with transferrin.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	transferrin	Homo sapiens	203-214
10585462-9	1999	Phorbol ester-mediated alterations in the trafficking of the dopamine transporter may serve as a mechanism for controlling extracellular dopamine levels in the central nervous system.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	61-81
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	19-22
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	45-48
10574935-9	1999	Finally, using the Ral binding domain of the Ral effector RLIP as an activation-specific probe for Ral proteins, it is demonstrated that endogenous RalA is activated by phorbol ester and RTK agonists.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	148-152
10567228-9	1999	In summary, the rotational correlation time of PKC-bound SAPD, extractable from a single time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy measurement, provides a novel probe for the involvement of interactions between the C1 domain and phorbol ester in the modulation of PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	47-50
10567230-6	1999	The treatment of intact cells with phorbol ester or with adrenaline (epinephrine) plus propranolol increased calreticulin phosphorylation, which was blocked by the pretreatment of cells with the PKC-specific inhibitor Ro 31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	calreticulin	Rattus norvegicus	109-121
10567230-6	1999	The treatment of intact cells with phorbol ester or with adrenaline (epinephrine) plus propranolol increased calreticulin phosphorylation, which was blocked by the pretreatment of cells with the PKC-specific inhibitor Ro 31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	195-198
10629766-4	1999	We examined the downstream consequences of PKC activation by the phorbol ester TPA and by ionophore A23187-mediated calcium influx (which experimentally correspond to DAG-mediated and calpain-mediated activation, respectively) on phosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
10574959-5	1999	p90(RSK) and family members RSK-2 and RSK-3 are activated by phorbol ester and phosphorylate Bad at Ser(112) both in vitro and in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	cellular inhibitor of PP2A	Homo sapiens	0-3
10574959-5	1999	p90(RSK) and family members RSK-2 and RSK-3 are activated by phorbol ester and phosphorylate Bad at Ser(112) both in vitro and in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A3	Homo sapiens	4-7
10574959-5	1999	p90(RSK) and family members RSK-2 and RSK-3 are activated by phorbol ester and phosphorylate Bad at Ser(112) both in vitro and in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A3	Homo sapiens	28-33
10574959-5	1999	p90(RSK) and family members RSK-2 and RSK-3 are activated by phorbol ester and phosphorylate Bad at Ser(112) both in vitro and in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A2	Homo sapiens	38-43
10567241-2	1999	We show here that the activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester PMA in several intestinal cell lines increases the levels of beta-catenin detected in the nucleus and augments the transcriptional activity mediated by beta-catenin.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	135-147
10567241-2	1999	We show here that the activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester PMA in several intestinal cell lines increases the levels of beta-catenin detected in the nucleus and augments the transcriptional activity mediated by beta-catenin.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	226-238
10567228-1	1999	Fluorescence emission spectra and steady-state anisotropy measurements of SAPD in fully active membrane-associated PKC show that there is a relatively hydrophobic environment and restricted motional freedom characterizing the phorbol-ester-binding site.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	115-118
10569804-2	1999	Our earlier observations suggested that disruption of the actin cytoskeleton results in the inhibition of phorbol ester-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	128-160
10602890-5	1999	RESULTS: Soluble CCM, which contains mucins MUC2 as well as MUC1, inhibited IL-2 mRNA expression and secretion of CD4+ stimulated with a phorbol ester or an anti-CD3 mAb plus anti-CD28 mAb.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
10528235-2	1999	The proinflammatory phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), inhibits basal and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated NKCC1 activity in T84 intestinal epithelial cells and decreases the steady state levels of NKCC1 mRNA in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	90-106
10528235-2	1999	The proinflammatory phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), inhibits basal and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated NKCC1 activity in T84 intestinal epithelial cells and decreases the steady state levels of NKCC1 mRNA in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	108-111
10528235-2	1999	The proinflammatory phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), inhibits basal and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated NKCC1 activity in T84 intestinal epithelial cells and decreases the steady state levels of NKCC1 mRNA in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	solute carrier family 12 member 2	Homo sapiens	182-187
10528235-2	1999	The proinflammatory phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), inhibits basal and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated NKCC1 activity in T84 intestinal epithelial cells and decreases the steady state levels of NKCC1 mRNA in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	solute carrier family 12 member 2	Homo sapiens	273-278
10582593-5	1999	In cortical astrocytes, prolonged treatment with lipopolysaccharide induced an increase of SDF1 expression and a down-regulation of CXCR4, whereas treatment with phorbol esters did not affect SDF1 expression and down-modulated CXCR4 receptor expression.	Phorbol Esters	162-176	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	227-232
10659996-7	1999	This finding was confirmed by the demonstration that the MAP kinase cascade-dependent expression of a high-Mr (>300 kDa) protein pair appearing in the course of cell scattering was inhibited by LY294002 in HGF-induced cells but was not inhibited in phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	252-265	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	209-212
10626675-2	1999	Anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody (MAb) has been shown earlier to costimulate with IgM or phorbol esters resting B cells to proliferate, differentiate, secrete immunoglobulins, and switch isotype.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	5-9
10586950-4	1999	PKC was stimulated by phorbol ester and by the diacylglycerol analogue diC8.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	0-3
10570264-2	1999	FasL expression is induced by stimulating T cells with a combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore, implicating a role for protein kinase C (PKC) in this process.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	0-4
10569804-4	1999	Vanadate and PAO inhibited expression of phorbol ester-induced MMP-9 as well as constitutive expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in a dose- and time-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	63-68
10558872-2	1999	When THP-1 was differentiated into macrophages with phorbol ester, the insulin secretion rate was increased by 3.1-fold.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	5-10
10705998-0	1999	Protein kinase C isoforms in pituitary cells displaying differential sensitivity to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
10567432-5	1999	Addition of exogenous S1P or increasing endogenous S1P by phorbol ester markedly protected C11 cell line from TNF-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	110-113
10600488-0	1999	Phorbol ester reduces phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor in pancreatic cancer cells by activation of a tyrosine phosphatase.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	41-73
10551874-5	1999	Activation of MAP kinase by phorbol ester treatment caused a 3-5-fold reduction in apoCIII transcription.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	apolipoprotein C3	Homo sapiens	83-90
10597278-7	1999	This increase did not result from activation of phospholipase D (PLD), although the enzyme was activatable by treatment with phorbol ester Thus, a phosphohydrolase-mediated DAG synthesis from PLD-produced PA can be excluded.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	192-195
10597286-2	1999	HGF/SF or a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), induced disruption of cell-cell adhesion, which was accompanied by endocytosis of both E-cadherin and c-Met.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	cadherin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	158-168
10597286-2	1999	HGF/SF or a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), induced disruption of cell-cell adhesion, which was accompanied by endocytosis of both E-cadherin and c-Met.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Canis lupus familiaris	173-178
10551875-11	1999	Finally, treatment of adrenal cortex endothelial cells with VEGF or phorbol ester resulted in protein kinase C activation and elevated eNOS expression, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C with isoform-specific inhibitors abolished VEGF-induced eNOS up-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	135-139
10551875-11	1999	Finally, treatment of adrenal cortex endothelial cells with VEGF or phorbol ester resulted in protein kinase C activation and elevated eNOS expression, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C with isoform-specific inhibitors abolished VEGF-induced eNOS up-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	247-251
10545483-8	1999	GGT expression was up-regulated on peripheral blood T cells following activation in vitro by either superantigen, phorbol ester, or IL-15, a stimulatory cytokine synthesized in rheumatoid synovium.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	inactive glutathione hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
10545476-5	1999	This contrasts with phorbol ester- and anti-CD3 mAb (soluble or plastic-coated)-induced TCR-CD3 down-modulation, that are respectively dependent on CD3gamma and on either CD3delta or CD3gamma cytoplasmic domains, suggesting that differences may exist between the mechanisms of TCR-CD3 down-modulation in response to the three stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complex	Homo sapiens	148-156
10553688-5	1999	DNA-dependent conformational changes in Oct-1 play a major role in recruiting GR to the distal nGRE and impacts transcriptional repression brought about by either glucocorticoids or tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	198-212	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	40-45
10553688-5	1999	DNA-dependent conformational changes in Oct-1 play a major role in recruiting GR to the distal nGRE and impacts transcriptional repression brought about by either glucocorticoids or tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	198-212	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Mus musculus	78-80
10547271-3	1999	It is reported that in monocytes treated with phorbol ester (PMA), translocation of PKC isoforms alpha, betaII, delta and epsilon precede cytokine synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	84-117
10544190-6	1999	Complementation of TCR-mediated signaling by phorbol ester restores the ability of PBMCs to express CD25 in clinorotation, indicating that a PKC-associated pathway may be compromised under these conditions.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	19-22
10544190-6	1999	Complementation of TCR-mediated signaling by phorbol ester restores the ability of PBMCs to express CD25 in clinorotation, indicating that a PKC-associated pathway may be compromised under these conditions.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	100-104
10544190-7	1999	Bypassing the TCR by direct activation of intracellular pathways with a combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore in clinorotation resulted in full expression of CD25; however, only partial expression of CD25 occurred in microgravity culture.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	14-17
10544190-7	1999	Bypassing the TCR by direct activation of intracellular pathways with a combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore in clinorotation resulted in full expression of CD25; however, only partial expression of CD25 occurred in microgravity culture.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	171-175
10528172-2	1999	Here we present data indicating that although the PKC-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway could be partially implicated in the abrogation of CD95-mediated apoptosis by phorbol esters in Jurkat T cells, the major inhibitory effect is exerted through a PKC-dependent, mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	181-195	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	50-53
10497313-1	1999	In dog thyroid cells, insulin or IGF-1 induces cell growth and is required for the mitogenic action of TSH through cyclic AMP, of EGF, and of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	22-29
10497313-1	1999	In dog thyroid cells, insulin or IGF-1 induces cell growth and is required for the mitogenic action of TSH through cyclic AMP, of EGF, and of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	insulin like growth factor 1	Canis lupus familiaris	33-38
10497313-14	1999	On the other hand, insulin clearly enhances the effects of TSH, phorbol ester, and EGF on c-myc, junB, and c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	19-26
10497313-14	1999	On the other hand, insulin clearly enhances the effects of TSH, phorbol ester, and EGF on c-myc, junB, and c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Canis lupus familiaris	90-95
10497313-14	1999	On the other hand, insulin clearly enhances the effects of TSH, phorbol ester, and EGF on c-myc, junB, and c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	JUNB	Canis lupus familiaris	97-101
10528172-2	1999	Here we present data indicating that although the PKC-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway could be partially implicated in the abrogation of CD95-mediated apoptosis by phorbol esters in Jurkat T cells, the major inhibitory effect is exerted through a PKC-dependent, mitogen-activated protein kinase-independent signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	181-195	Fas cell surface death receptor	Homo sapiens	154-158
10497313-14	1999	On the other hand, insulin clearly enhances the effects of TSH, phorbol ester, and EGF on c-myc, junB, and c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Canis lupus familiaris	109-112
10544204-5	1999	WASp-deficient thymocytes and T cells also exhibited impaired proliferation and interleukin (IL)-2 production in response to T cell antigen receptor (TCR) stimulation, but proliferated normally in response to phorbol ester/ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	209-222	Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome	Mus musculus	0-4
10528175-7	1999	IL-5 synthesis of human Th clones induced upon stimulation with rIL-2, phorbol ester plus anti-CD28 mAb, and immobilized anti-CD3 mAb plus soluble anti-CD28 mAb was also suppressed by SB203580 in the same concentration response relationship.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
10497313-19	1999	(5) fos B, which is induced by TSH, forskolin, phorbol ester, and HGF but not by insulin, could be involved in the mitogenic action of the former factors.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Canis lupus familiaris	4-7
10643587-3	1999	The effect of IL-8 and phorbol esters on the secretion of PAF-acetylhydrolase by these cells was examined.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	58-77
10537078-3	1999	We find that direct PKC activation with phorbol esters, K+-induced depolarization, and activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors increase the in situ phosphorylation of both MARCKS and GAP-43/B-50.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	179-185
10537078-3	1999	We find that direct PKC activation with phorbol esters, K+-induced depolarization, and activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors increase the in situ phosphorylation of both MARCKS and GAP-43/B-50.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	190-201
10531396-5	1999	NIF also prevented aggregation of phorbol ester-stimulated JY lymphoblastoid cells that expressed only the functionally active CD11a, suggesting that NIF also can inhibit CD11a-dependent response.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	S100 calcium binding protein A9	Homo sapiens	0-3
10523655-1	1999	Downregulation of protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) by treatment with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) transforms cells that overexpress the non-receptor class tyrosine kinase c-Src (Z. Lu et al., Mol.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	18-40
10523655-1	1999	Downregulation of protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) by treatment with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) transforms cells that overexpress the non-receptor class tyrosine kinase c-Src (Z. Lu et al., Mol.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	42-51
10523655-1	1999	Downregulation of protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) by treatment with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) transforms cells that overexpress the non-receptor class tyrosine kinase c-Src (Z. Lu et al., Mol.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	221-226
10531396-5	1999	NIF also prevented aggregation of phorbol ester-stimulated JY lymphoblastoid cells that expressed only the functionally active CD11a, suggesting that NIF also can inhibit CD11a-dependent response.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	127-132
10523655-7	1999	Since TPA downregulates all phorbol ester-responsive PKC isoforms, we examined the effects of PKC delta- and PKC alpha-specific inhibitors and the expression of dominant negative mutants for both PKC delta and alpha.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	53-56
10531396-5	1999	NIF also prevented aggregation of phorbol ester-stimulated JY lymphoblastoid cells that expressed only the functionally active CD11a, suggesting that NIF also can inhibit CD11a-dependent response.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	S100 calcium binding protein A9	Homo sapiens	150-153
10531396-5	1999	NIF also prevented aggregation of phorbol ester-stimulated JY lymphoblastoid cells that expressed only the functionally active CD11a, suggesting that NIF also can inhibit CD11a-dependent response.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	171-176
10571061-3	1999	Ras function was required for ERK activation by phorbol esters in cardiac myocytes, but not in cardiac fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	EPH receptor B2	Homo sapiens	30-33
10595652-0	1999	Comparative study of vanadate- and phorbol ester-induced cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression in human endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	57-74
10521508-3	1999	CXCR4 undergoes tonic internalization as well as internalization in response to stimulation with phorbol esters and ligand (SDF-1alpha).	Phorbol Esters	97-111	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
10521508-5	1999	In both COS-1 and HEK-293 cells transiently overexpressing CXCR4, SDF-1alpha and phorbol esters (PMA) promoted rapid internalization of cell surface receptors as assessed by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence analysis.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	59-64
10515873-6	1999	In response to phorbol ester, GH as well as endogenously synthesized vWF were rapidly released from GHrAd-infected EC.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	30-32
10510302-4	1999	Further, when MDC9 was co-expressed in COS cells with amyloid precursor protein (APP695) and treated with phorbol ester, APP695 was digested exclusively at the alpha-secretory site in MDC9-expressing cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9	Homo sapiens	14-18
10510302-4	1999	Further, when MDC9 was co-expressed in COS cells with amyloid precursor protein (APP695) and treated with phorbol ester, APP695 was digested exclusively at the alpha-secretory site in MDC9-expressing cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9	Homo sapiens	184-188
10510302-5	1999	When an artificial alpha-secretory site mutant was also co-expressed with MDC9 and treated with phorbol ester, APP secreted by alpha-secretase was not increased in conditional medium.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9	Homo sapiens	74-78
10510302-7	1999	These results suggest that MDC9 has an alpha-secretase-like activity and is activated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9	Homo sapiens	27-31
10515873-6	1999	In response to phorbol ester, GH as well as endogenously synthesized vWF were rapidly released from GHrAd-infected EC.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	69-72
10514283-0	1999	Protein kinase C ligands based on tetrahydrofuran templates containing a new set of phorbol ester pharmacophores.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
10523856-0	1999	Phorbol ester induced MDR1 expression in K562 cells occurs independently of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
10523856-1	1999	The MDR1 gene encoding the multidrug pump P-glycoprotein is transcriptionally activated in response to diverse extracellular stimuli, including the tumor promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	164-177	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	4-8
10506137-7	1999	PD98059, an inhibitor of ERK1/2 activation, completely suppressed the adaptive increase of system A transport activity that, conversely, was unaffected by inhibitors of other transduction pathways, such as rapamycin and wortmannin, as well as by chronic treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	269-283	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	25-31
10510356-4	1999	Moreover, we demonstrate that CD154 mRNA is unstable, but can be stabilized by treatment with either phorbol esters or calcium ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	30-35
10527877-1	1999	We found that phorbol ester-primed THP-1 cells (a human monocyte cell line), which express a scavenger receptor, were stimulated by mucins through the macrophage scavenger receptor, resulting in enhanced secretion of IL-1beta.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	217-225
10527877-5	1999	When phorbol ester-primed THP-1 cells were cocultured with colon cancer cells producing mucins, IL-1beta secreted from the THP-1 cells increased significantly.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	96-104
10518540-3	1999	We previously have demonstrated that one of the chimaerin isoforms, beta2-chimaerin, binds phorbol esters with high affinity.	Phorbol Esters	91-105	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	68-73
10518540-12	1999	Our results demonstrate that beta2-chimaerin is a high affinity receptor for DAG through binding to its C1 domain and supports the emerging concept that multiple pathways transduce signaling through DAG and the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	211-225	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
10529472-4	1999	AP-1 DNA binding activity stimulated by carbachol or by phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C was inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor Ro31-8220, but phorbol ester-stimulated AP-1 activation was unaltered by 7-day pretreatments with lithium or carbamazepine.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-4
10529207-9	1999	After phorbol ester (TPA) application, PKC activation was characterized by biexponential kinetics, including a rapid phase completed within 5 min and a slow phase lasting at least 30 min, which reflected several activation steps.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	39-42
10529472-4	1999	AP-1 DNA binding activity stimulated by carbachol or by phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C was inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor Ro31-8220, but phorbol ester-stimulated AP-1 activation was unaltered by 7-day pretreatments with lithium or carbamazepine.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	197-201
10529472-4	1999	AP-1 DNA binding activity stimulated by carbachol or by phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C was inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor Ro31-8220, but phorbol ester-stimulated AP-1 activation was unaltered by 7-day pretreatments with lithium or carbamazepine.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-4
10529472-4	1999	AP-1 DNA binding activity stimulated by carbachol or by phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C was inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor Ro31-8220, but phorbol ester-stimulated AP-1 activation was unaltered by 7-day pretreatments with lithium or carbamazepine.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	197-201
10497257-2	1999	The addition of phorbol ester (PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) to cells expressing HB-EGF(TM) results in the metalloproteinase-dependent release (shedding) of soluble HB-EGF.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	89-95
10550545-10	1999	Both K6 transgenes were also induced in the interfollicular epidermis in response to phorbol esters, with K6a induced in all layers of the treated epidermis, while K6b was expressed only in suprabasal cells.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	keratin 6	Mus musculus	5-7
10550545-10	1999	Both K6 transgenes were also induced in the interfollicular epidermis in response to phorbol esters, with K6a induced in all layers of the treated epidermis, while K6b was expressed only in suprabasal cells.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	keratin 6A	Mus musculus	106-109
10527758-3	1999	In a dose-dependent manner 1, 25(OH)(2)D(3) induced significant increases in BLT-esterase and PKC activities and the stimulatory effect on BLT-esterase activity was mimicked and blocked, respectively, by the PKC activator phorbol ester PMA and PKC inhibitors (H7, PKC(19-36), and N-myristoylated PKC(19-31) peptides).	Phorbol Esters	222-235	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	208-211
10527758-3	1999	In a dose-dependent manner 1, 25(OH)(2)D(3) induced significant increases in BLT-esterase and PKC activities and the stimulatory effect on BLT-esterase activity was mimicked and blocked, respectively, by the PKC activator phorbol ester PMA and PKC inhibitors (H7, PKC(19-36), and N-myristoylated PKC(19-31) peptides).	Phorbol Esters	222-235	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	208-211
10497257-2	1999	The addition of phorbol ester (PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) to cells expressing HB-EGF(TM) results in the metalloproteinase-dependent release (shedding) of soluble HB-EGF.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	173-179
10571228-3	1999	Phorbol esters stimulated acetylcholine release, and this effect was blocked by a mutation that eliminates phorbol ester binding to UNC-13.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	132-138
10490652-9	1999	Stimulation of S100B-REF cells with the PKC activator phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) promoted specific nuclear translocation of the wild-type p53Val135 species in cells positioned in early G(1) phase of the cell cycle.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	S100 protein, beta polypeptide, neural	Mus musculus	15-20
10490652-9	1999	Stimulation of S100B-REF cells with the PKC activator phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) promoted specific nuclear translocation of the wild-type p53Val135 species in cells positioned in early G(1) phase of the cell cycle.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	157-160
10490923-11	1999	NF-kappaB activation in response to TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, phorbol ester, and H(2)O(2) was down-regulated by polaprezinc.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
10571228-3	1999	Phorbol esters stimulated acetylcholine release, and this effect was blocked by a mutation that eliminates phorbol ester binding to UNC-13.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	132-138
10471328-8	1999	The metalloproteinase responsible for the shedding of LRP by BeWo cells is not up-regulated by phorbol ester and is not dependent on serine proteases, such as plasmin, for activity.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	LDL receptor related protein 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
10523838-3	1999	Here we found that a protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) promoted cell death in human gastric cancer cell lines MKN45 and MKN74 only when they lost anchorage.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	39-42
10498893-0	1999	Differentiation of neuroblastoma cells by phorbol esters and insulin-like growth factor 1 is associated with induction of retinoic acid receptor beta gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	retinoic acid receptor beta	Homo sapiens	122-149
10629859-6	1999	In contrast with H2O2-induced activation of ERK, the activation of ERK induced by phorbol ester PMA and the activation of JNK and p38 induced by H2O2 were not affected by expression of GRK2-ct, indicating that the activation of ERK but not JNK and p38 is dependent on beta gamma subunit.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
10629859-6	1999	In contrast with H2O2-induced activation of ERK, the activation of ERK induced by phorbol ester PMA and the activation of JNK and p38 induced by H2O2 were not affected by expression of GRK2-ct, indicating that the activation of ERK but not JNK and p38 is dependent on beta gamma subunit.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
10488064-0	1999	Transient, phorbol ester-induced DOC2-Munc13 interactions in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	double C2 domain alpha	Homo sapiens	33-37
10488064-0	1999	Transient, phorbol ester-induced DOC2-Munc13 interactions in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	unc-13 homolog B	Homo sapiens	38-44
10488064-2	1999	Here we demonstrate in vivo that these two proteins undergo a transient phorbol ester-mediated and protein kinase C-independent interaction, resulting in the translocation of DOC2 from a vesicular localization to the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	double C2 domain alpha	Homo sapiens	175-179
10479674-3	1999	Using PC12 cells stably transfected with human DAT cDNA, we observe that phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) results in decreased transporter capacity and a parallel decrease in the amount of DAT on the cell surface that is attributable to intracellular transporter sequestration.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	47-50
10480917-6	1999	In Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the dopamine D2L receptor and in NG108-15 cells, PKC activation by either phorbol ester or a dopamine D2 receptor agonist caused the movement of RACK1.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Mus musculus	193-198
10479674-3	1999	Using PC12 cells stably transfected with human DAT cDNA, we observe that phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) results in decreased transporter capacity and a parallel decrease in the amount of DAT on the cell surface that is attributable to intracellular transporter sequestration.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	207-210
10484453-0	1999	ICAM-1-independent adhesion of neutrophils to phorbol ester-stimulated human airway epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
10473617-3	1999	An antibody that recognized PKD/PKCmu proteins specifically phosphorylated on the serine 916 residue was generated and used to show that phosphorylation of Ser-916 is induced by phorbol ester treatment of cells.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	28-31
10473617-3	1999	An antibody that recognized PKD/PKCmu proteins specifically phosphorylated on the serine 916 residue was generated and used to show that phosphorylation of Ser-916 is induced by phorbol ester treatment of cells.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	32-37
10498194-0	1999	Synthesis and phorbol ester-binding studies of the individual cysteine-rich motifs of protein kinase D.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	86-102
10508405-9	1999	Besides cPKC interactions detected with purified enzyme, PKC-alpha also appeared capable of self-association in murine B82L fibroblasts that were treated with calcium ionophore, phorbol ester, or epidermal growth factor but not in untreated cells.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	57-66
10487706-4	1999	Exposure of these cells, for 1 h, to the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA, 100 nmol/L), acting via protein kinase C (PKC), elicited an increase in MMP-1 mRNA, with a peak stimulation after a 3- to 4-h culture period.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	173-178
10449199-0	1999	Role of leukocyte influx in tissue prostaglandin H synthase-2 overexpression induced by phorbol ester and arachidonic acid in skin.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	35-61
10487837-5	1999	Moreover, the mouse model of skin carcinogenesis induced by the combined action of chemical carcinogens and phorbol esters was used to identify the stage of TB10 gene induction.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	thymosin, beta 10	Mus musculus	157-161
10479670-12	1999	Incubation of ECs with phorbol ester (PMA) significantly enhanced the secretion of TFPI and increased its activity on the cell surface, probably by preventing invagination of caveolae.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	tissue factor pathway inhibitor	Homo sapiens	83-87
10469622-1	1999	We have measured the levels of thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase and glutaredoxin enzyme activity in mouse skin following topical application of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator and tumor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	glutaredoxin	Mus musculus	70-82
10460232-6	1999	We conclude that the target of the presynaptic facilitatory effect of phorbol ester resides downstream of calcium influx and may involve both protein kinase C and Doc2alpha - Munc13-1 interaction.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	double C2 domain alpha	Rattus norvegicus	163-172
10485997-7	1999	Increases in intracellular calcium and cAMP inhibit both isoforms, while phorbol ester affects only NHE3.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	solute carrier family 9 member A3	Homo sapiens	100-104
10485997-10	1999	Phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C alters both V(max) and K(Na) of NHE3, suggesting a multilevel regulatory mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 9 member A3	Homo sapiens	77-81
10460232-6	1999	We conclude that the target of the presynaptic facilitatory effect of phorbol ester resides downstream of calcium influx and may involve both protein kinase C and Doc2alpha - Munc13-1 interaction.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	unc-13 homolog A	Rattus norvegicus	175-183
10461881-7	1999	In rat brain synaptosomes and PC12 cells, K+-evoked depolarization or treatment with phorbol ester caused an increase in the phosphorylation state of synaptotagmin I at Thr112.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-165
10441133-8	1999	Notably, phorbol ester stimulation and TAPI (a peptide hydroxamate) inhibition of release-universal characteristics of regulated ectodomain shedding-were significantly blunted for ACE-JGL, as was a formerly undescribed transient stimulation of ACE release by 3, 4-dichloroisocoumarin.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cricetulus griseus	180-183
10547870-2	1999	Insulin and various agents such as glucocorticoids, phorbol esters and plant lectins regulate G33 expression in rat hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	0-7
10494783-6	1999	The stimulating effect of high D-glucose on t-PA expression in HMC was prevented by treating the cells with different protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (Ro 31-8220, Go 6976), but could not be mimicked by the PKC-activating phorbol ester PMA, indicating that this effect of high glucose is dependent on PKC activity, but not mediated through PKC activation.	Phorbol Esters	223-236	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	44-48
10454636-8	1999	We further explored the effect of dopamine in the presence of phorbol esters or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) known to activate NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	138-147
10428825-1	1999	Two of the most effective stimuli of gastrin release from human antral G cells are bombesin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	gastrin	Homo sapiens	37-44
10454570-3	1999	The results reveal that the EBS is required for the response to both inducers mediated by Ets-2, which is regulated at a level subsequent to DNA binding, by an IL-1- and phorbol ester-inducible transactivation domain.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	ETS proto-oncogene 2, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	90-95
10448009-3	1999	Addition of IL-2, anti-CD28 antibodies, or phorbol esters, but not IL-1, IL-4, or ionomycin, blocked CD4-mediated inhibition and restored the response to levels equal or higher than those of cultures activated by anti-CD3 alone.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	101-104
10425192-3	1999	Activation of all three kinases was insensitive to the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin but was enhanced by the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I; a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester inhibited JNK but not p38 activation.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	234-237
10425192-3	1999	Activation of all three kinases was insensitive to the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin but was enhanced by the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I; a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester inhibited JNK but not p38 activation.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	246-249
10421767-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Raf is a proto-oncogene that is activated in response to growth factors or phorbol esters, and is thought to activate MAP kinase kinase-1 (MKK1) and hence the classical MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
10421767-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Raf is a proto-oncogene that is activated in response to growth factors or phorbol esters, and is thought to activate MAP kinase kinase-1 (MKK1) and hence the classical MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	130-149
10421767-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Raf is a proto-oncogene that is activated in response to growth factors or phorbol esters, and is thought to activate MAP kinase kinase-1 (MKK1) and hence the classical MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	151-155
10421767-1	1999	BACKGROUND: Raf is a proto-oncogene that is activated in response to growth factors or phorbol esters, and is thought to activate MAP kinase kinase-1 (MKK1) and hence the classical MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	193-197
10448009-3	1999	Addition of IL-2, anti-CD28 antibodies, or phorbol esters, but not IL-1, IL-4, or ionomycin, blocked CD4-mediated inhibition and restored the response to levels equal or higher than those of cultures activated by anti-CD3 alone.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	218-221
10400753-6	1999	The BMRF2 and the BDLF3 promoters were responsive to induction by phorbol ester, but unlike the BMRF1 promoter, they were not responsive to BZLF1 transactivation.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	envelope protein UL43	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	4-9
10447677-5	1999	Induction of uPAR expression by phorbol ester requires this AP-1 motif in colon cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	13-17
10494858-8	1999	Overexpressed munc13-1 translocates to the plasma membrane in response to phorbol esters, an effect that is also observed in fibroblasts transfected with conventional methods.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	14-22
10494859-4	1999	In the present study, we demonstrate that msec7-1 interacts directly with Munc13-1, a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of neurotransmitter release that is specifically localized to presynaptic transmitter release zones.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	cytohesin 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	42-49
10494859-4	1999	In the present study, we demonstrate that msec7-1 interacts directly with Munc13-1, a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of neurotransmitter release that is specifically localized to presynaptic transmitter release zones.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	74-82
10433200-4	1999	When this sequence was deleted, the GnRHR promoter activity was significantly increased in both basal and GnRH agonist (Buserelin)-, phorbol ester-, and forskolin-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Mus musculus	36-41
10433200-9	1999	The stimulation with phorbol ester resulted in an attenuated increase in transcriptional activity, suggesting that this sequence of the GnRHR promoter is a cAMP response element.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Mus musculus	136-141
10413608-6	1999	Phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and calyculin A prevented increases in cytoskeletal actin, alpha-actinin, and PKCbetaII induced by phorbol ester, suggesting the requirement for phosphatase activity in these events.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	actinin alpha 1	Homo sapiens	95-108
10417813-4	1999	The same clones were used to evaluate the effect of Nef on the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter after activation of PKC with the phorbol ester 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	138-151	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	125-128
10400753-6	1999	The BMRF2 and the BDLF3 promoters were responsive to induction by phorbol ester, but unlike the BMRF1 promoter, they were not responsive to BZLF1 transactivation.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	envelope glycoprotein 150	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	18-23
10452523-1	1999	To explore the relative roles of the two C1 domains of protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) in the response to phorbol esters and related analogs, we mutated the individual C1 domains, expressed the mutated PKC alpha in NIH 3T3 cells, and then examined the ability of ligands to induce its translocation to the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	55-77
10542138-0	1999	High-cell-density phorbol ester and retinoic acid upregulate involucrin and downregulate suprabasal keratin 10 in autocrine cultures of human epidermal keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	keratin 10	Homo sapiens	100-110
10678110-0	1999	Effects of pentoxifylline and protein kinase C inhibitor on phorbol ester-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in brain microvascular endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	30-46
10678110-0	1999	Effects of pentoxifylline and protein kinase C inhibitor on phorbol ester-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in brain microvascular endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-115
10678110-3	1999	RESULTS: Phorbol ester (PMA) enhanced the expression of ICAM-1 in a concentration (10-100 nmol.L-1) and time (4-16 h)-dependent manner in RBMEC.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-62
10431238-6	1999	We also found a change in ABC1 expression level on cholesterol loading of phorbol ester-treated THP1 macrophages, substantiating the role of ABC1 in cholesterol efflux.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
10431238-6	1999	We also found a change in ABC1 expression level on cholesterol loading of phorbol ester-treated THP1 macrophages, substantiating the role of ABC1 in cholesterol efflux.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
10431238-6	1999	We also found a change in ABC1 expression level on cholesterol loading of phorbol ester-treated THP1 macrophages, substantiating the role of ABC1 in cholesterol efflux.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
10439045-5	1999	gamma-GCS overexpression also completely suppressed NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester and okadaic acid, whereas that induced by H2O2, ceramide, and lipopolysaccharide was minimally affected.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	0-9
10452523-1	1999	To explore the relative roles of the two C1 domains of protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) in the response to phorbol esters and related analogs, we mutated the individual C1 domains, expressed the mutated PKC alpha in NIH 3T3 cells, and then examined the ability of ligands to induce its translocation to the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	79-88
10439045-5	1999	gamma-GCS overexpression also completely suppressed NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester and okadaic acid, whereas that induced by H2O2, ceramide, and lipopolysaccharide was minimally affected.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	52-62
10518003-9	1999	These diarylheptanoids suppress phorbol ester-induced activation of ornithine decarboxylase and production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1alpha and their mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	68-91
10459861-0	1999	Co-ordinate expression of activin A and its type I receptor mRNAs during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human K562 erythroleukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	inhibin subunit beta E	Homo sapiens	26-33
10423169-0	1999	Different sensitivities of p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase to phorbol ester and okadaic acid tumor promoters among cell types.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	27-30
10409666-9	1999	In cells stimulated with phorbol ester, phosphorylation of Ser(937) increased and phosphorylated PAM accumulated in large vesicular structures.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	97-100
10518003-9	1999	These diarylheptanoids suppress phorbol ester-induced activation of ornithine decarboxylase and production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1alpha and their mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	110-137
10518003-9	1999	These diarylheptanoids suppress phorbol ester-induced activation of ornithine decarboxylase and production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1alpha and their mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	141-159
10518003-10	1999	They also nullified the phorbol ester-stimulated induction of activator protein 1 (AP-1) in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	62-81
10388538-4	1999	Stimulation of B cells with the phorbol ester PMA, however, induced strong HA recognition, which was inhibited by IFN-gamma and to some extent by IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	114-123
10518003-10	1999	They also nullified the phorbol ester-stimulated induction of activator protein 1 (AP-1) in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	83-87
10388538-4	1999	Stimulation of B cells with the phorbol ester PMA, however, induced strong HA recognition, which was inhibited by IFN-gamma and to some extent by IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	146-150
10398310-9	1999	Co-expression of CD7 on CD34+ cells was induced to decrease significantly after short-term in vitro culture with the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (PMA) and with a combination of cytokines (stem-cell factor, interleukin-3 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	CD7 molecule	Homo sapiens	17-20
10413094-1	1999	Protein kinase D is a serine/threonine kinase that binds phorbol esters in a phospholipid-dependent manner via a tandemly repeated cysteine-rich, zinc finger-like motif (the cysteine-rich domain).	Phorbol Esters	57-71	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-16
10400642-5	1999	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester also causes rapid (t(1)/(2) = 2 min) dissociation of both CrkL and p85/phosphoinositide 3-kinase from Cbl concomitant with Cbl tyrosine dephosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	CRK like proto-oncogene, adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	106-110
10400642-5	1999	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester also causes rapid (t(1)/(2) = 2 min) dissociation of both CrkL and p85/phosphoinositide 3-kinase from Cbl concomitant with Cbl tyrosine dephosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	150-153
10400642-5	1999	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester also causes rapid (t(1)/(2) = 2 min) dissociation of both CrkL and p85/phosphoinositide 3-kinase from Cbl concomitant with Cbl tyrosine dephosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	171-174
10398310-9	1999	Co-expression of CD7 on CD34+ cells was induced to decrease significantly after short-term in vitro culture with the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (PMA) and with a combination of cytokines (stem-cell factor, interleukin-3 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	24-28
10427973-0	1999	The cytoskeletal association of CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins in phorbol ester-activated cells correlates with CD18 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
10397677-7	1999	This indicates an involvement of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms in MAPK activation and mitogenic signaling by bFGF.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	57-60
10397677-7	1999	This indicates an involvement of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms in MAPK activation and mitogenic signaling by bFGF.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
10397677-7	1999	This indicates an involvement of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms in MAPK activation and mitogenic signaling by bFGF.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	116-120
10397677-8	1999	Western blot analysis revealed the presence of the phorbol ester-sensitive isoforms PKC alpha, epsilon, and gamma as well as the PKC isoforms iota, lambda, micro, and zeta in cSMCs.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	84-113
10397677-8	1999	Western blot analysis revealed the presence of the phorbol ester-sensitive isoforms PKC alpha, epsilon, and gamma as well as the PKC isoforms iota, lambda, micro, and zeta in cSMCs.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	84-87
10397677-9	1999	In this study, we show that the MAPK cascade is required for bFGF-induced proliferation and that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms contribute to the bFGF-induced cSMC mitogenesis in cSMCs.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
10397677-9	1999	In this study, we show that the MAPK cascade is required for bFGF-induced proliferation and that phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms contribute to the bFGF-induced cSMC mitogenesis in cSMCs.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	152-156
10501019-4	1999	These PKC inhibitors prevented the phorbol ester-induced reduction of transport.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	6-9
10424903-9	1999	Thus, the entrance of Ca2+ and generation of arachidonic acid under the influence of phospholipase A2 are necessary for the ionophore-induced priming of production of ROS during cell activation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	199-213	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	85-101
10427973-0	1999	The cytoskeletal association of CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins in phorbol ester-activated cells correlates with CD18 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
10427973-2	1999	CD11/CD18 acidity may be regulated intracellularly, and the CD18 polypeptide has previously been shown to become phosphorylated on serine and threonine after phorbol ester activation of T cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
10427973-9	1999	The importance of the CD18 cytoplasmic domain in the regulation of the leukocyte adhesion was further strengthened by inhibition of phorbol ester-induced T cell adhesion with a phosphorylated lipopeptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic portion of the CD18.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
10427973-9	1999	The importance of the CD18 cytoplasmic domain in the regulation of the leukocyte adhesion was further strengthened by inhibition of phorbol ester-induced T cell adhesion with a phosphorylated lipopeptide corresponding to the cytoplasmic portion of the CD18.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	252-256
10419782-8	1999	In-vitro, COX-2 expression in synovial cells is dramatically increased by proinflammatory cytokines, phorbol ester, and stimulation of certain cell surface receptors.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	10-15
10400418-5	1999	In comparison, the stimulation of Raf-1 by phorbol ester (TPA) activates the MAPK pathway, causes MAPK-dependent p21WAF1/CIP1 induction, Rb dephosphorylation and growth arrest without Bcl-2 phosphorylation or apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	34-39
10400418-5	1999	In comparison, the stimulation of Raf-1 by phorbol ester (TPA) activates the MAPK pathway, causes MAPK-dependent p21WAF1/CIP1 induction, Rb dephosphorylation and growth arrest without Bcl-2 phosphorylation or apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	121-125
10400418-5	1999	In comparison, the stimulation of Raf-1 by phorbol ester (TPA) activates the MAPK pathway, causes MAPK-dependent p21WAF1/CIP1 induction, Rb dephosphorylation and growth arrest without Bcl-2 phosphorylation or apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	184-189
10411143-11	1999	Likewise, U2 Os cells transfected with the -639/luciferase or -1800/luciferase constructs showed a phorbol myristal acetate-inducible increase in reporter gene activity, indicating that the PEA3 element within the -639 construct or other elements further upstream respond to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	ETS variant transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	190-194
10395798-7	1999	However, NBPhox substantially enhances second messenger-mediated activation of the DBH promoter by forskolin and/or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	paired like homeobox 2B	Homo sapiens	9-15
10395798-7	1999	However, NBPhox substantially enhances second messenger-mediated activation of the DBH promoter by forskolin and/or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	83-86
10481210-9	1999	Thrombin, thromboxane, platelet-activating factor, angiotensin II, endothelin, phorbol ester, and Ca(2+) ionophors stimulate NHE1 activity in platelets.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	125-129
10385697-6	1999	Transcriptional activation required the galanin 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate) response element (GTRE) octamer sequence (TGACGCGG) in the proximal enhancer of the GAL gene, previously shown to confer phorbol ester responsiveness in chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	galanin and GMAP prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	40-47
10373474-1	1999	Selective effects on activator protein-1 expression may explain the quantitative difference in insulin and phorbol ester action.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	21-40
10461759-3	1999	Hydrogen peroxide, phorbol ester and x-rays caused a marked translocation of p65-NF-kappaB in LY-R cells and a weak translocation in LY-S cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	77-90
10373474-8	1999	Moreover, phorbol esters were a much more potent inducer of collagenase-CAT gene transcription than insulin, a difference that may be explained by selective effects of insulin and phorbol esters on AP-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	insulin	Homo sapiens	168-175
10373474-8	1999	Moreover, phorbol esters were a much more potent inducer of collagenase-CAT gene transcription than insulin, a difference that may be explained by selective effects of insulin and phorbol esters on AP-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	198-202
10373474-8	1999	Moreover, phorbol esters were a much more potent inducer of collagenase-CAT gene transcription than insulin, a difference that may be explained by selective effects of insulin and phorbol esters on AP-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	180-194	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	198-202
10359571-0	1999	Early induction of cyclin D2 expression in phorbol ester-responsive B-1 lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	19-28
10432224-0	1999	Role of ecto-kinase in phorbol ester-enhanced growth hormone-binding protein release from human IM-9 cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	46-76
10432224-1	1999	Previously we reported that a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), increased the release of human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) in IM-9 cells, and that this phorbol ester-enhanced release was mediated by protein kinase Ca (PKCalpha).	Phorbol Esters	30-43	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	110-140
10432224-1	1999	Previously we reported that a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), increased the release of human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) in IM-9 cells, and that this phorbol ester-enhanced release was mediated by protein kinase Ca (PKCalpha).	Phorbol Esters	30-43	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	142-148
10432224-1	1999	Previously we reported that a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), increased the release of human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) in IM-9 cells, and that this phorbol ester-enhanced release was mediated by protein kinase Ca (PKCalpha).	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	245-253
10432224-1	1999	Previously we reported that a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), increased the release of human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) in IM-9 cells, and that this phorbol ester-enhanced release was mediated by protein kinase Ca (PKCalpha).	Phorbol Esters	179-192	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	110-140
10432224-1	1999	Previously we reported that a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), increased the release of human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) in IM-9 cells, and that this phorbol ester-enhanced release was mediated by protein kinase Ca (PKCalpha).	Phorbol Esters	179-192	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	142-148
10432224-1	1999	Previously we reported that a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), increased the release of human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) in IM-9 cells, and that this phorbol ester-enhanced release was mediated by protein kinase Ca (PKCalpha).	Phorbol Esters	179-192	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	245-253
10432224-2	1999	In the present study, the mechanisms of the phorbol ester-enhanced hGH-BP release were further investigated.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	67-73
10359571-4	1999	Cyclin D2 expression was upregulated rapidly, within 2-4 h, in phorbol ester-stimulated B-1 cells, in a manner dependent on intact transcription/translation, but was not increased in phorbol ester- stimulated B-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	88-91
10359571-5	1999	Phorbol ester-stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2-Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2-Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2- containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	25-34
10359571-5	1999	Phorbol ester-stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2-Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2-Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2- containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	82-91
10359571-5	1999	Phorbol ester-stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2-Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2-Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2- containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 4	Homo sapiens	92-96
10359571-5	1999	Phorbol ester-stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2-Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2-Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2- containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	82-91
10359571-5	1999	Phorbol ester-stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2-Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2-Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2- containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 6	Homo sapiens	133-137
10359571-5	1999	Phorbol ester-stimulated cyclin D2 expression was accompanied by the formation of cyclin D2-Cdk4, and, to a lesser extent, cyclin D2-Cdk6, complexes; cyclin D2- containing complexes were found to be catalytically functional, in terms of their ability to phosphorylate exogenous Rb in vitro and to specifically phosphorylate endogenous Rb on serine780 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	82-91
10359571-6	1999	These results strongly suggest that the rapid induction of cyclin D2 by a normally nonmitogenic phorbol ester stimulus is responsible for B-1 cell progression through G1 phase.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	59-68
10359571-0	1999	Early induction of cyclin D2 expression in phorbol ester-responsive B-1 lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	68-71
10359571-6	1999	These results strongly suggest that the rapid induction of cyclin D2 by a normally nonmitogenic phorbol ester stimulus is responsible for B-1 cell progression through G1 phase.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	138-141
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	100-103
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	immunoglobulin kappa variable 5-2	Homo sapiens	176-179
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	100-103
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	0-3
10359571-2	1999	B-1 cells differ from conventional B cells in terms of the consequences of phorbol ester treatment: B-1 cells rapidly enter S phase in response to phorbol ester alone, whereas B-2 cells require a calcium ionophore in addition to phorbol ester to trigger cell cycle progression.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	100-103
10359571-4	1999	Cyclin D2 expression was upregulated rapidly, within 2-4 h, in phorbol ester-stimulated B-1 cells, in a manner dependent on intact transcription/translation, but was not increased in phorbol ester- stimulated B-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	cyclin D2	Homo sapiens	0-9
10336892-6	1999	In contrast, during megakaryocytic differentiation induced by the phorbol ester TPA, expression of HSF2 is rapidly down-regulated, leading to a complete loss of the HSF2 protein.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	heat shock transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	99-103
10428394-1	1999	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters activate protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes by binding to the zinc-finger like cysteine-rich domains in the N-terminal regulatory region.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	58-61
10428394-2	1999	Our recent studies have revealed that only PKCgamma has two high affinity phorbol ester-binding domains, providing a structural blueprint for the rational design of PKCgamma-selective modulators for the treatment of neuropathic pain.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	43-51
10428394-2	1999	Our recent studies have revealed that only PKCgamma has two high affinity phorbol ester-binding domains, providing a structural blueprint for the rational design of PKCgamma-selective modulators for the treatment of neuropathic pain.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	165-173
10339499-0	1999	Posttranslational regulation of Myc function in response to phorbol ester/interferon-gamma-induced differentiation of v-Myc-transformed U-937 monoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	32-35
10339499-0	1999	Posttranslational regulation of Myc function in response to phorbol ester/interferon-gamma-induced differentiation of v-Myc-transformed U-937 monoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	120-123
10339499-2	1999	Constitutive expression of v-Myc blocks phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation of human U-937 monoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
10336892-6	1999	In contrast, during megakaryocytic differentiation induced by the phorbol ester TPA, expression of HSF2 is rapidly down-regulated, leading to a complete loss of the HSF2 protein.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	heat shock transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	165-169
10343282-11	1999	The HSD17B4 gene is stimulated by progesterone, and ligands of PPARalpha (peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor alpha) such as clofibrate, and is down-regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	170-184	hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 4	Homo sapiens	4-11
10359604-2	1999	Here we report that induction of activation of the beta2-integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) in T lymphocytes with divalent cations, phorbol esters, or stimulatory antibodies is followed by a dramatic polarization, resulting in a characteristic elongated morphology of the cells and the arrest of migrating lymphoblasts.	Phorbol Esters	155-169	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	108-113
10349856-5	1999	The hydroxamic acid-based compound KD-IX-73-4 inhibits phorbol ester-mediated sAPP release from COS cells with an IC50 of 8 microM, consistent with previous data for the same compound against leukocyte L-selectin shedding.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	selectin L	Homo sapiens	202-212
10318836-6	1999	Human T lymphocytes have become a well established model system for studying the process of phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of CD4.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	133-136
10336429-0	1999	Role of protein kinase C isoforms in phorbol ester-induced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human glioblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	59-93
10336436-0	1999	Activation of the 9E3/cCAF chemokine by phorbol esters occurs via multiple signal transduction pathways that converge to MEK1/ERK2 and activate the Elk1 transcription factor.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	interleukin 8-like 2	Gallus gallus	18-21
10336436-1	1999	Using primary fibroblasts in culture, we have investigated the signal transduction mechanisms by which phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters, activate the 9E3 gene and its chemokine product the chicken chemotactic and angiogenic factor.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	interleukin 8-like 2	Gallus gallus	160-163
10336436-6	1999	Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and functional studies using PathDetect systems show that stimulation of the cells by phorbol esters leads to activation of the Elk1 transcription factor, which binds to its element in the 9E3 promoter.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	interleukin 8-like 2	Gallus gallus	227-230
10347243-6	1999	The involvement of PKC was further demonstrated by direct inhibition of GIRK currents by the phorbol esters, phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	72-76
10347243-8	1999	At the single-channel level, direct activation of PKC using phorbol ester phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate caused a dramatic reduction in open probability of GIRK channels due to an increase in duration of the interburst interval.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	151-155
10318836-0	1999	Phorbol ester-induced disruption of the CD4-Lck complex occurs within a detergent-resistant microdomain of the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	40-43
10318836-0	1999	Phorbol ester-induced disruption of the CD4-Lck complex occurs within a detergent-resistant microdomain of the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	44-47
10325235-5	1999	Phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms were detected at very low levels in caveolae fractions prepared from unstimulated cardiomyocytes; phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (but not 4alpha-PMA, which does not activate PKC) recruited calcium-sensitive PKCalpha and novel PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to this compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	24-27
10325235-5	1999	Phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms were detected at very low levels in caveolae fractions prepared from unstimulated cardiomyocytes; phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (but not 4alpha-PMA, which does not activate PKC) recruited calcium-sensitive PKCalpha and novel PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to this compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	218-221
10325235-9	1999	Although levels of these proteins were not altered by PMA, translocation of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms to caveolae was associated with the activation of a local ERK cascade as well as the phosphorylation of a approximately 36-kDa substrate protein in this fraction.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	100-103
10201972-0	1999	Cutting edge: phorbol ester induction of IFN-gamma receptors leads to enhanced DR alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	41-50
10325235-9	1999	Although levels of these proteins were not altered by PMA, translocation of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms to caveolae was associated with the activation of a local ERK cascade as well as the phosphorylation of a approximately 36-kDa substrate protein in this fraction.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
10359012-0	1999	Phorbol ester-induced mononuclear cell differentiation is blocked by the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	114-117
10200423-4	1999	Maximal activation of PKC using the phorbol esters, 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA), phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate (PDBu) and 12-deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate (dPPA) elicited a rapid, and sustained, inhibition of the outward steady-state voltage- and calcium- dependent potassium current predominantly carried through BK channels.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	22-25
10220564-0	1999	Characterization of differences between rapid agonist-dependent phosphorylation and phorbol ester-mediated phosphorylation of human substance P receptor in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	132-152
10206970-3	1999	NF-kappaB activation by stimuli such as LPS, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and phorbol ester, but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF), was reversibly inhibited by HNE in a dose-dependent manner in human monocytic cells, whereas AP-1 binding was unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
10338119-0	1999	Heparin down-regulates the phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C gene expression in human endothelial cells: enzyme-mediated autoregulation of protein kinase C-alpha and -delta genes.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	144-177
10194441-7	1999	PSP was also specifically phosphorylated in permeabilized platelets after cellular stimulation by phorbol esters or thrombin and this phosphorylation was blocked by the PKC inhibitor Ro-31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	syntaxin binding protein 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	118-127
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	144-152
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	191-200
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	295-308	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	295-308	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	118-127
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	295-308	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	144-152
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	295-308	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	191-200
10201972-3	1999	Then, we demonstrated that the mRNA and proteins of the IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains were amplified by phorbol ester treatment in THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	56-65
10201972-4	1999	Consequently, these results indicate that the enhancement of DR alpha gene expression by IFN-gamma treatment in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells is due to the phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	61-69
10201972-4	1999	Consequently, these results indicate that the enhancement of DR alpha gene expression by IFN-gamma treatment in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells is due to the phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	89-98
10201972-4	1999	Consequently, these results indicate that the enhancement of DR alpha gene expression by IFN-gamma treatment in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells is due to the phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	201-210
10201972-4	1999	Consequently, these results indicate that the enhancement of DR alpha gene expression by IFN-gamma treatment in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells is due to the phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	61-69
10201972-4	1999	Consequently, these results indicate that the enhancement of DR alpha gene expression by IFN-gamma treatment in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells is due to the phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	89-98
10201972-4	1999	Consequently, these results indicate that the enhancement of DR alpha gene expression by IFN-gamma treatment in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells is due to the phorbol ester-induced up-regulation of IFN-gamma receptor alpha- and beta-chains.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	201-210
10325235-5	1999	Phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms were detected at very low levels in caveolae fractions prepared from unstimulated cardiomyocytes; phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (but not 4alpha-PMA, which does not activate PKC) recruited calcium-sensitive PKCalpha and novel PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to this compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	251-259
10325235-5	1999	Phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms were detected at very low levels in caveolae fractions prepared from unstimulated cardiomyocytes; phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (but not 4alpha-PMA, which does not activate PKC) recruited calcium-sensitive PKCalpha and novel PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to this compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	270-278
10325235-5	1999	Phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms were detected at very low levels in caveolae fractions prepared from unstimulated cardiomyocytes; phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (but not 4alpha-PMA, which does not activate PKC) recruited calcium-sensitive PKCalpha and novel PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to this compartment.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	283-293
10224118-4	1999	Furthermore, the VDR mutants, but not the native receptor, enhanced phorbol ester induction of the activator protein-1-containing collagenase promoter.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	vitamin D receptor	Homo sapiens	17-20
10362254-1	1999	We have analysed in vivo the -2.0 kb enhancer of the human urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) gene in HepG2 cells, in which gene expression can be induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	59-95
10362254-1	1999	We have analysed in vivo the -2.0 kb enhancer of the human urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) gene in HepG2 cells, in which gene expression can be induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	97-100
10208993-3	1999	Incubation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 10(-7) M) was associated with a transient induction in both cell fractions of calcium/phosphatidylserine-dependent PKC activity, which was elevated from 15 min to 1 h. Consistent with this, mRNAs for the calcium/phospholipid-dependent isomeric forms of PKC (alpha, beta, and gamma) were detected.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	192-195
10208993-3	1999	Incubation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 10(-7) M) was associated with a transient induction in both cell fractions of calcium/phosphatidylserine-dependent PKC activity, which was elevated from 15 min to 1 h. Consistent with this, mRNAs for the calcium/phospholipid-dependent isomeric forms of PKC (alpha, beta, and gamma) were detected.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	330-357
10208993-5	1999	In the presence of TPA (10(-7) M), expression of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA showed a transient time-dependent down-regulation ( approximately 70%), in which the nadir was reached after 6 h and baseline expression was again obtained after 12 h. The regulatory effect of PKC activation on AR mRNA was confirmed by the absence of response to a biologically inactive phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	364-377	androgen receptor	Rattus norvegicus	49-66
10208993-5	1999	In the presence of TPA (10(-7) M), expression of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA showed a transient time-dependent down-regulation ( approximately 70%), in which the nadir was reached after 6 h and baseline expression was again obtained after 12 h. The regulatory effect of PKC activation on AR mRNA was confirmed by the absence of response to a biologically inactive phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	364-377	androgen receptor	Rattus norvegicus	68-70
10421840-11	1999	Phorbol ester TPA was found to stimulate the kinase activity of MOK, whereas serum stimulation, osmotic shock, or anisomycin treatment did not significantly activate MOK.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	MOK protein kinase	Homo sapiens	64-67
10213915-2	1999	Exposure to stress-related alpha2- or beta-adrenergics for 4 or 20 h in vitro had no effect on apoptosis in splenocytes of adult Xenopus laevis, while a 4-hour coincubation of clonidine, an alpha2-agonist, with a calcium ionophore (A23187) or a phorbol diester (PMA), enhanced apoptosis induced by each apoptogen alone.	Phorbol Esters	245-260	MGC75582, possible similarity to act2 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	27-33
10326763-3	1999	Cells were stimulated either with tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) or endotoxin to induce TF mRNA expression or with phorbol ester to increase TFPI-1 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	tissue factor pathway inhibitor	Homo sapiens	144-150
10326763-7	1999	TFPI-1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in endothelial cells and was detected in only 5 x 10(2) unstimulated cells and 10(2) phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	tissue factor pathway inhibitor	Homo sapiens	0-6
10326763-9	1999	With this technique, TFPI-1 mRNA in monocytes was rather low even when cells were stimulated with phorbol ester or after adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	tissue factor pathway inhibitor	Homo sapiens	21-27
10187833-5	1999	In these studies we confirmed that H7, but not HA1004, potently blocks the induction of zif268 and c-fos mRNA by nerve growth factor, carbachol, phorbol ester, Ca2+ ionophore, or forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-94
10187833-5	1999	In these studies we confirmed that H7, but not HA1004, potently blocks the induction of zif268 and c-fos mRNA by nerve growth factor, carbachol, phorbol ester, Ca2+ ionophore, or forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	99-104
10201972-0	1999	Cutting edge: phorbol ester induction of IFN-gamma receptors leads to enhanced DR alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	79-87
10209246-0	1999	Muscarinic receptor- and phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase C substrates in adult and neonatal cortical slices.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	69-85
10201972-1	1999	We observed that IFN-gamma-inducible expression of the DR alpha gene was enhanced when THP-1 cells are differentiated into macrophage-like cells by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	17-26
10201972-1	1999	We observed that IFN-gamma-inducible expression of the DR alpha gene was enhanced when THP-1 cells are differentiated into macrophage-like cells by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	55-63
10201972-2	1999	Here, we observed that class II MHC trans-activator and STAT1 alpha mRNA, mediators of the signaling cascade from the IFN-gamma receptor to the DR alpha induction, were markedly increased by IFN-gamma stimulation in phorbol ester-activated THP-1 cells; however, both mRNAs were not increased by phorbol ester treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
10230500-2	1999	We have found that acute phorbol ester pretreatment significantly decreases PTH-induced calcium transients and the effect of phorbol ester was antagonized by staurosporine (ST).	Phorbol Esters	25-38	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
10092600-6	1999	Binding of 14-3-3tau to PKCmu is significantly enhanced upon phorbol ester stimulation of PKCmu kinase activity in Jurkat cells and occurs via a Cbl-like serine containing consensus motif.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	24-29
10092600-6	1999	Binding of 14-3-3tau to PKCmu is significantly enhanced upon phorbol ester stimulation of PKCmu kinase activity in Jurkat cells and occurs via a Cbl-like serine containing consensus motif.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	90-95
10092600-9	1999	Moreover, overexpression of 14-3-3tau significantly reduced phorbol ester induced activation of PKCmu kinase activity in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	96-101
10198335-8	1999	The protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol ester (10-1,000 nM) dose dependently increased the intensities of the RhoA band, which were inhibited by the PKC inhibitor K-252a (1 microM).	Phorbol Esters	37-50	ras homolog family member A	Rattus norvegicus	115-119
10221543-5	1999	Both p42/p44 MAP kinase activation and IL-6 synthesis induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, were reduced by PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	cyclin-dependent kinase 20	Mus musculus	5-8
10085241-1	1999	Many cell types, including fibroblasts and primary keratinocytes, increase matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) production in response to agonists such as growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	172-186	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	75-101
10085241-1	1999	Many cell types, including fibroblasts and primary keratinocytes, increase matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) production in response to agonists such as growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	172-186	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	103-108
10085235-0	1999	Characterization of beta2 (CD18) integrin phosphorylation in phorbol ester-activated T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	20-25
10085235-0	1999	Characterization of beta2 (CD18) integrin phosphorylation in phorbol ester-activated T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
10085235-4	1999	The beta2 integrin subunit has previously been shown to become phosphorylated in T lymphocytes on cytoplasmic serine and the functionally important threonine residues after treatment with phorbol esters or on triggering of T-cell receptors.	Phorbol Esters	188-202	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	4-9
10096895-8	1999	Site-directed mutagenesis of serines (S686 and S790) within two consensus PKC phosphorylation sites on the cardiac CFTR regulatory domain attentuated, but did not eliminate, the stimulatory effects of phorbol esters on mutant CFTR channels.	Phorbol Esters	201-215	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	115-119
10221543-5	1999	Both p42/p44 MAP kinase activation and IL-6 synthesis induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, were reduced by PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	9-12
10221543-5	1999	Both p42/p44 MAP kinase activation and IL-6 synthesis induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, were reduced by PD98059.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	39-43
10201936-10	1999	Interestingly, there are no Ser residues in the cytoplasmic part, which may explain the slow down-regulation of chicken CD4 after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4	Gallus gallus	120-123
10223197-2	1999	The AP-1 transactivation response has been implicated as causal in transformation responses to phorbol esters and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	4-8
10235109-7	1999	A consensus sequence for a diacyl glycerol/phorbol ester-binding domain was also found in the Band25 sequence.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	Rac GTPase-activating protein 1	Mus musculus	94-100
10098880-3	1999	Here we show by immunoprecipitation that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters results in an increase in SNAP-25 phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	synaptosome associated protein 25	Homo sapiens	122-129
10082559-12	1999	This work provides evidence for a link between a phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isoform and p70S6K.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	75-78
10082559-12	1999	This work provides evidence for a link between a phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isoform and p70S6K.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	91-97
10101032-0	1999	Identification of protein kinase C phosphorylation sites involved in phorbol ester-induced desensitization of the histamine H1 receptor.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	histamine H1 receptor	Cricetulus griseus	114-135
10101032-1	1999	The histamine H1 receptor (H1R)-mediated signaling cascade is inhibited by phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) activation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	histamine H1 receptor	Cricetulus griseus	4-25
10214873-9	1999	However, the levels of MIP-1alpha were increased 10- to 100-fold by treatment with phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	C-C motif chemokine ligand 3	Homo sapiens	23-33
10329474-6	1999	The BKB1R mRNA induced by TNFalpha, phorbol ester, bradykinin, and desArg10-kallidin contain the same 3"-UTR species.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	bradykinin receptor B1	Homo sapiens	4-9
10219763-4	1999	H7 and E-64d inhibition and phorbol ester depletion of PKC reduced NAb binding.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	55-58
10066364-7	1999	The phorbol ester TPA stimulates similarly PAI-1 synthesis in the Sertoli cell line, while 8-bromo-cAMP has no effect.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1	Mus musculus	43-48
10090770-1	1999	Protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) has been shown to contain two discrete activator sites with differing binding affinities for phorbol esters and diacylglycerols.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-32
10092775-2	1999	We have previously shown that protein kinase C (PKC) activation (with phorbol ester (PMA) alone) specifically induces differentiation of primary human CD34+ hemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) to mature DC.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	151-155
10092775-9	1999	Together, these findings demonstrate that cytokine or phorbol ester stimulation of KG1 is a model of human CD34+ HPC to DC differentiation and suggest that specific intracellular signaling pathways mediate specific events in DC lineage commitment.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	107-111
10037704-1	1999	A role in regulation of human involucrin promoter response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	involucrin	Homo sapiens	30-40
10037704-2	1999	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a potent inducer of keratinocyte differentiation and of involucrin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	involucrin	Homo sapiens	120-130
10037704-3	1999	In the present study we show that a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) site in the proximal regulatory region is required for the phorbol ester response.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	36-66
10037704-3	1999	In the present study we show that a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) site in the proximal regulatory region is required for the phorbol ester response.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	68-73
10049506-0	1999	Overexpression of protein kinase C-epsilon and its regulatory domains in fibroblasts inhibits phorbol ester-induced phospholipase D activity.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	18-42
10049506-0	1999	Overexpression of protein kinase C-epsilon and its regulatory domains in fibroblasts inhibits phorbol ester-induced phospholipase D activity.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	116-131
10092784-5	1999	The selective antagonist of MEK1 activation, PD98059, also attenuated the mitogen-stimulated or anti-CD3 Ab and phorbol ester-stimulated production of LT from Jurkat cells or peripheral blood T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	28-32
10066430-3	1999	Phorbol ester activators of PKC have been shown to have divergent effects on laminin-mediated neurite outgrowth.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
10051662-4	1999	Neurotoxicity elicited by hydrogen peroxide in hippocampal and cortical neuronal cultures is prevented by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) via stimulation of protein kinase C. We observe phosphorylation of HO2 through the protein kinase C pathway with enhancement of HO2 catalytic activity and accumulation of BR in neuronal cultures.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	heme oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	230-233
10051662-4	1999	Neurotoxicity elicited by hydrogen peroxide in hippocampal and cortical neuronal cultures is prevented by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) via stimulation of protein kinase C. We observe phosphorylation of HO2 through the protein kinase C pathway with enhancement of HO2 catalytic activity and accumulation of BR in neuronal cultures.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	heme oxygenase 2	Mus musculus	291-294
10190560-0	1999	Curcumin inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription in bile acid- and phorbol ester-treated human gastrointestinal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	18-34
10070951-7	1999	In cultured human pancreatic cancer cells, levels of COX-2 mRNA and protein were induced by treatment with tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	53-58
10190560-1	1999	We investigated whether curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, inhibited chenodeoxycholate (CD)- or phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in several gastrointestinal cell lines (SK-GT-4, SCC450, IEC-18 and HCA-7).	Phorbol Esters	96-109	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	138-154
10190560-1	1999	We investigated whether curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, inhibited chenodeoxycholate (CD)- or phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in several gastrointestinal cell lines (SK-GT-4, SCC450, IEC-18 and HCA-7).	Phorbol Esters	96-109	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	156-161
10205016-6	1999	iNOS expression was induced in cell culture with lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
10067831-4	1999	On the contrary, the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (1-100 nM) prevented TSH-induced follicle formation and strongly increased the synthesis of TSP1.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	thrombospondin 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
10228559-0	1999	Phorbol ester exposure activates an AP-1-mediated increase in ERCC-1 messenger RNA expression in human ovarian tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	36-40
10228559-0	1999	Phorbol ester exposure activates an AP-1-mediated increase in ERCC-1 messenger RNA expression in human ovarian tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ERCC excision repair 1, endonuclease non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	62-68
10228559-3	1999	We therefore investigated the effect of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the expression of the ERCC-1 gene in A2780/CP70 human ovarian carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	ERCC excision repair 1, endonuclease non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	127-133
10200575-3	1999	De novo expression of MSR occurred in human THP-1 monocytic cells differentiated with phorbol esters, which activated a nuclear transcription factor binding to the Ap1/ets-like domain of the MSR promoter.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 7	Homo sapiens	22-25
10200575-3	1999	De novo expression of MSR occurred in human THP-1 monocytic cells differentiated with phorbol esters, which activated a nuclear transcription factor binding to the Ap1/ets-like domain of the MSR promoter.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
10200575-3	1999	De novo expression of MSR occurred in human THP-1 monocytic cells differentiated with phorbol esters, which activated a nuclear transcription factor binding to the Ap1/ets-like domain of the MSR promoter.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 7	Homo sapiens	191-194
10200575-4	1999	The phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells also expressed increased levels of the pro-apoptotic gene products, caspase-3 and Fas ligand, but the cells exhibited no change in apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	29-34
10200575-4	1999	The phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells also expressed increased levels of the pro-apoptotic gene products, caspase-3 and Fas ligand, but the cells exhibited no change in apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	109-118
10200575-4	1999	The phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells also expressed increased levels of the pro-apoptotic gene products, caspase-3 and Fas ligand, but the cells exhibited no change in apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	123-133
10067858-6	1999	Activation of p38 kinase was blocked by chronic phorbol ester treatment, which depletes protein kinase C isozymes alpha and epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	14-17
10082506-7	1999	A 2.3-fold increase in hREN mRNA half-life was also observed after treatment of Calu-6 cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	renin	Homo sapiens	23-27
10082506-8	1999	Experiments with DRB demonstrated a similar robust stabilization of hREN mRNA after forskolin and phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	renin	Homo sapiens	68-72
10082506-9	1999	These data demonstrate that the induction in hREN mRNA in response to both cAMP and phorbol ester occurs by a mechanism involving a posttranscriptional component.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	renin	Homo sapiens	45-49
10022868-9	1999	These results demonstrate that PCAF is a phorbol ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF proteins which contributes to the establishment of type I IFN responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	31-35
10209066-0	1999	Ciliary neurotrophic factor and phorbol ester each decrease selected STAT3 pools in neuroblastoma cells by proteasome-dependent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	69-74
10209066-3	1999	It was found that individual members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family are regulated by ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and by protein kinase C. Treatment of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells with the phorbol ester, 12- O -tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), for 4-5 h caused a 60% decline in both STAT2 and STAT3 levels and no decline in levels of STATs 1, 5 or 6, or in Jaks 1 or 2.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	124-151
10209066-3	1999	It was found that individual members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family are regulated by ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and by protein kinase C. Treatment of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells with the phorbol ester, 12- O -tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), for 4-5 h caused a 60% decline in both STAT2 and STAT3 levels and no decline in levels of STATs 1, 5 or 6, or in Jaks 1 or 2.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	153-157
10022868-0	1999	The histone acetylase PCAF is a phorbol-ester-inducible coactivator of the IRF family that confers enhanced interferon responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	22-26
10022868-6	1999	Further studies showed that expression of PCAF and other histone acetylases was markedly induced in U937 cells upon phorbol ester treatment, which led to increased recruitment of PCAF to the IRF-ISRE complexes.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	42-46
10022868-6	1999	Further studies showed that expression of PCAF and other histone acetylases was markedly induced in U937 cells upon phorbol ester treatment, which led to increased recruitment of PCAF to the IRF-ISRE complexes.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	179-183
10022890-6	1999	Strikingly, this site bound exclusively NFAT not only from nuclear extracts of HUVECs activated by VEGF, a stimulus that failed to induce NF-kappaB-binding activity, but also from extracts of cells activated with phorbol esters and calcium ionophore, a combination of stimuli that triggered the simultaneous activation of NFAT and NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	213-227	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	99-103
10022868-7	1999	Coinciding with the induction of histone acetylases, phorbol ester markedly enhanced IFN-alpha-stimulated gene expression in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	85-94
10069811-1	1999	Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4), the T lymphocyte antigen receptor component and human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor, is down-modulated when cells are activated by antigen or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-36
10022914-7	1999	Activation of PYK2 by agents that elevate intracellular calcium or by phorbol ester induce tyrosine phosphorylation of Nirs.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	14-18
10069811-1	1999	Cluster of differentiation antigen 4 (CD4), the T lymphocyte antigen receptor component and human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor, is down-modulated when cells are activated by antigen or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	38-41
9990043-6	1999	Treatment of polyps with the ks1-inducing phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) resulted in reduced binding of nuclear proteins to the ks1 cis regulatory region.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	zinc finger protein 382	Homo sapiens	29-32
10051543-8	1999	We conclude that TNF-alpha-induced oxidant generation secondary to the activation of a phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isozyme signals the activation NF-kappaB and ICAM-1 gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	17-26
10051543-8	1999	We conclude that TNF-alpha-induced oxidant generation secondary to the activation of a phorbol ester-insensitive PKC isozyme signals the activation NF-kappaB and ICAM-1 gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	162-168
10215516-9	1999	These results indicate that chronic Pb exposure during development increases phorbol ester binding affinity, enhances phorbol ester-induced translocation of PKC, and down-regulates membrane PKC, mainly PKC-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	157-160
10102471-0	1999	Activation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 synthesis by phorbol esters in human promyelocyte HL-60--roles of PCKbeta and MAPK p42.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	14-47
10049738-8	1999	Depleting cells of PKC by long term phorbol ester treatment actually increased PLD activity in v-Raf-transformed cells, indicating that v-Raf-induced PLD activity is not dependent on PKC.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	79-82
10049738-8	1999	Depleting cells of PKC by long term phorbol ester treatment actually increased PLD activity in v-Raf-transformed cells, indicating that v-Raf-induced PLD activity is not dependent on PKC.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	97-100
10198191-5	1999	IL-1 beta-induced accumulations of VEGF mRNA in cardiac myocytes were abolished by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by staurosporin, calphostin C and phorbol ester-induced PKC depletion, and intracellular Ca2+ chelators did not affect the induction of VEGF mRNA by IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
10198191-5	1999	IL-1 beta-induced accumulations of VEGF mRNA in cardiac myocytes were abolished by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by staurosporin, calphostin C and phorbol ester-induced PKC depletion, and intracellular Ca2+ chelators did not affect the induction of VEGF mRNA by IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	35-39
9973483-4	1999	Inhibition was not restricted to TNF-induced activation, because leflunomide also inhibited NF-kappa B activation induced by other inflammatory agents, including phorbol ester, LPS, H2O2, okadaic acid, and ceramide.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	92-102
9990043-6	1999	Treatment of polyps with the ks1-inducing phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) resulted in reduced binding of nuclear proteins to the ks1 cis regulatory region.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	zinc finger protein 382	Homo sapiens	154-157
9931492-4	1999	Using subcellular fractionation and Western blotting with isoform-specific antibodies and immunocytochemical localization with confocal laser scanning microscopy, we observed that phorbol ester and glutamate have different effects on PKC isoform redistribution: Whereas phorbol ester resulted in translocation of PKC alpha and PKC gamma toward a membrane fraction, the glutamate-mediated rise in intracellular calcium concentration induced a translocation mainly toward a detergent-insoluble, cytoskeletal fraction.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	234-237
9920899-8	1999	Finally, MDC9 is shown to become phosphorylated when cells are treated with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a known inducer of protein ectodomain shedding.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9	Homo sapiens	9-13
9920928-2	1999	The lower classic PKC activity on pretreatment with phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) for 24 h markedly decreased IL-1beta-induced E-selectin mRNA expression in the presence of fetal calf serum and basic fibroblast growth factor, although the induction of ICAM-1 mRNA expression was only influenced a little by the PKC down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	134-142
9920928-2	1999	The lower classic PKC activity on pretreatment with phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) for 24 h markedly decreased IL-1beta-induced E-selectin mRNA expression in the presence of fetal calf serum and basic fibroblast growth factor, although the induction of ICAM-1 mRNA expression was only influenced a little by the PKC down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	selectin E	Homo sapiens	151-161
9920928-2	1999	The lower classic PKC activity on pretreatment with phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) for 24 h markedly decreased IL-1beta-induced E-selectin mRNA expression in the presence of fetal calf serum and basic fibroblast growth factor, although the induction of ICAM-1 mRNA expression was only influenced a little by the PKC down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	276-282
9931492-4	1999	Using subcellular fractionation and Western blotting with isoform-specific antibodies and immunocytochemical localization with confocal laser scanning microscopy, we observed that phorbol ester and glutamate have different effects on PKC isoform redistribution: Whereas phorbol ester resulted in translocation of PKC alpha and PKC gamma toward a membrane fraction, the glutamate-mediated rise in intracellular calcium concentration induced a translocation mainly toward a detergent-insoluble, cytoskeletal fraction.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	313-322
9931492-4	1999	Using subcellular fractionation and Western blotting with isoform-specific antibodies and immunocytochemical localization with confocal laser scanning microscopy, we observed that phorbol ester and glutamate have different effects on PKC isoform redistribution: Whereas phorbol ester resulted in translocation of PKC alpha and PKC gamma toward a membrane fraction, the glutamate-mediated rise in intracellular calcium concentration induced a translocation mainly toward a detergent-insoluble, cytoskeletal fraction.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	327-336
9931492-4	1999	Using subcellular fractionation and Western blotting with isoform-specific antibodies and immunocytochemical localization with confocal laser scanning microscopy, we observed that phorbol ester and glutamate have different effects on PKC isoform redistribution: Whereas phorbol ester resulted in translocation of PKC alpha and PKC gamma toward a membrane fraction, the glutamate-mediated rise in intracellular calcium concentration induced a translocation mainly toward a detergent-insoluble, cytoskeletal fraction.	Phorbol Esters	270-283	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	234-237
9890937-2	1999	Depolarization with potassium, activation of glutamate receptors with glutamate, or direct stimulation of protein kinase C with a phorbol ester increased RC3 phosphorylation in wild-type animals but failed to affect RC3 phosphorylation in mice lacking the gamma-subtype of protein kinase C. Our results suggests the following biochemical pathway: activation of a postsynaptic (metabotropic) glutamate receptor stimulates the gamma-subtype of protein kinase C, which in turn phosphorylates RC3.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	neurogranin	Mus musculus	154-157
9950764-4	1999	Stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester reduced the rate of increase in ICl,swell only in cells that express MDR1.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
9973202-3	1999	Treatment with the biologically active phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or with membrane-permeable diacylglycerols also stimulated PKD activation, which was also completely prevented by prior exposure of the cells to GF I.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	149-152
10197446-1	1999	The novel mouse serine-threonine kinase protein kinase D (PKD) is activated in intact Swiss 3T3 cells stimulated by phorbol esters, cell permeant diacylglycerols, bryostatin, neuropeptides and growth factors via a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism requiring protein kinase C (PKC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	40-56
10197446-1	1999	The novel mouse serine-threonine kinase protein kinase D (PKD) is activated in intact Swiss 3T3 cells stimulated by phorbol esters, cell permeant diacylglycerols, bryostatin, neuropeptides and growth factors via a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism requiring protein kinase C (PKC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	58-61
10197446-4	1999	Replacement of serines 744 and 748 with alanine prevented activation of the overexpressed PKD form upon phorbol ester treatment of cells, whereas replacement with glutamic acid results in full constitutive activation.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	90-93
10197446-6	1999	In vivo 32P-labeling and two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping of PKD and catalytically inactive PKD mutants at serine 744, 748 or at both residues revealed that phorbol ester-sensitive phosphopeptides could be selectively eliminated from patterns observed as a result of these mutations.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	67-70
10197446-6	1999	In vivo 32P-labeling and two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping of PKD and catalytically inactive PKD mutants at serine 744, 748 or at both residues revealed that phorbol ester-sensitive phosphopeptides could be selectively eliminated from patterns observed as a result of these mutations.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	98-101
9932870-5	1999	Treatment of the cells with 0.1 microM of phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), an activator of PKC, caused a rapid decrease in AQP4 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	aquaporin 4	Rattus norvegicus	148-152
10048586-5	1999	Extracts from these pYECepsilon-transfected cells could phosphorylate a PKCepsilon substrate peptide in a phospholipid/phorbol ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	72-82
9930731-9	1999	However, chronic exposure to phorbol ester, which depletes the cells of diacylglycerol (DAG) and Ca2+-sensitive PKC isoforms, before DAMGO exposure, had no effect on opioid receptor down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	112-115
9987073-11	1999	In HG, down-regulation of PKC isoforms with phorbol ester prevented the increased stimulation of MAPK by ET-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
9987073-11	1999	In HG, down-regulation of PKC isoforms with phorbol ester prevented the increased stimulation of MAPK by ET-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
9987073-11	1999	In HG, down-regulation of PKC isoforms with phorbol ester prevented the increased stimulation of MAPK by ET-1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
9891065-3	1999	The serum response element (SRE) in the c-fos promoter is necessary and sufficient for induction of transcription of c-fos by serum, growth factors, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	157-170	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	40-45
9891065-3	1999	The serum response element (SRE) in the c-fos promoter is necessary and sufficient for induction of transcription of c-fos by serum, growth factors, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	157-170	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	117-122
10075019-7	1999	The proliferative responsiveness of the BtkM cells is restored when the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-di-butyrate (PDBu) is added to the anti-IgM plus IL-4 cultures.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	149-153
10195695-3	1999	Our results demonstrate that induction of differentiation in NHEK by either treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), suspension culture or confluence greatly enhances the expression of PPARbeta mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens	216-224
9895308-8	1999	Furthermore, treatment of cells with various phorbol ester derivatives which activate PKC resulted in the induction of p21(WAF1) in SKOV-3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	119-122
9895308-8	1999	Furthermore, treatment of cells with various phorbol ester derivatives which activate PKC resulted in the induction of p21(WAF1) in SKOV-3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	123-127
9925748-6	1999	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, induced an accumulation of HSP27 (EC50, 20 nmol/L) and alphaB-crystallin (EC50, 2 nmol/L).	Phorbol Esters	80-93	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	46-62
9925748-6	1999	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, induced an accumulation of HSP27 (EC50, 20 nmol/L) and alphaB-crystallin (EC50, 2 nmol/L).	Phorbol Esters	80-93	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	64-67
9925748-6	1999	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, induced an accumulation of HSP27 (EC50, 20 nmol/L) and alphaB-crystallin (EC50, 2 nmol/L).	Phorbol Esters	80-93	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	122-127
9925748-7	1999	In contrast, 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, a non-PKC-activating phorbol ester, had no such effect.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
9885289-6	1999	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester resulted in a rapid serine phosphorylation of SSeCKS and its subsequent translocation to perinuclear sites, coincident with the retraction of stellate processes.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	A-kinase anchoring protein 12	Homo sapiens	94-100
10075742-3	1999	Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity (bovine heart electron transport particles) and phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity (cultured MCF-7 cells) generally parallel those for cytotoxicity (MCF-7 and Hepa 1clc7 cells).	Phorbol Esters	139-152	ornithine decarboxylase	Bos taurus	161-184
10064335-6	1999	Induction of AP-1 by the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is essential to tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	13-17
10064336-3	1999	Like PKC activators such as phorbol esters, essential fatty acids activate PKC and in doing so modulate the activity of growth factor receptors such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).	Phorbol Esters	28-42	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	152-184
10064336-3	1999	Like PKC activators such as phorbol esters, essential fatty acids activate PKC and in doing so modulate the activity of growth factor receptors such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).	Phorbol Esters	28-42	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	186-190
9989604-4	1999	Here we show that phorbol ester-stimulated phospholipase D (PLD) activity is inhibited in arfaptin 1-overexpressing NIH 3T3 cells and that arfaptin 1 inhibits ARF activation of Golgi-associated PLD.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	ADP-ribosylation factor interacting protein 1	Mus musculus	90-100
9880552-8	1999	The most active compound identified was used to examine the role played by protein kinase C-alpha in mediating the phorbol ester-induced changes in c-fos, c-jun, and junB expression in A549 lung epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	75-97
9873009-0	1999	Phospholipase D mediates matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in phorbol ester-stimulated human fibrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
9972827-7	1999	Following treatment with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), human astrocytes demonstrated increased message and protein expression for MIP-1alpha, while other immune modulators such as interferon-gamma (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), lipopolysaccharide, or phorbol ester (a protein kinase C activator) did not induce MIP-1alpha expression in human astrocytes.	Phorbol Esters	333-346	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	25-42
9972827-7	1999	Following treatment with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), human astrocytes demonstrated increased message and protein expression for MIP-1alpha, while other immune modulators such as interferon-gamma (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), lipopolysaccharide, or phorbol ester (a protein kinase C activator) did not induce MIP-1alpha expression in human astrocytes.	Phorbol Esters	333-346	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	44-52
9972827-7	1999	Following treatment with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), human astrocytes demonstrated increased message and protein expression for MIP-1alpha, while other immune modulators such as interferon-gamma (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), lipopolysaccharide, or phorbol ester (a protein kinase C activator) did not induce MIP-1alpha expression in human astrocytes.	Phorbol Esters	333-346	C-C motif chemokine ligand 3	Homo sapiens	130-140
9927206-0	1999	Taxol selectively blocks microtubule dependent NF-kappaB activation by phorbol ester via inhibition of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	47-56
9927206-0	1999	Taxol selectively blocks microtubule dependent NF-kappaB activation by phorbol ester via inhibition of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	103-115
9990296-6	1999	These findings support a novel mechanism by which MARCKS may be regulated by an atypical PKC isoform in phorbol ester-downregulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	50-56
9990296-6	1999	These findings support a novel mechanism by which MARCKS may be regulated by an atypical PKC isoform in phorbol ester-downregulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	89-92
9990307-7	1999	Finally, the PI 3-kinase inhibitors" effect on alpha IIb beta 3-mediated spreading and pp125FAK phosphorylation was reversed by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	87-95
9873009-0	1999	Phospholipase D mediates matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in phorbol ester-stimulated human fibrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	25-51
9873009-2	1999	In this study, we show that the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) from HT 1080 human fibrosarcoma cells was stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in a time- and dose-dependent manner that involved protein kinase C. The phorbol ester also increased PLD activity in the cells.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	45-71
9873009-2	1999	In this study, we show that the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) from HT 1080 human fibrosarcoma cells was stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in a time- and dose-dependent manner that involved protein kinase C. The phorbol ester also increased PLD activity in the cells.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	73-78
9886915-4	1999	Simultaneous application of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore in the absence of IL-1beta mimicked the depolarization caused by IL-1beta.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	126-134
9935229-4	1999	In short-term tissue-culture experiments of colonic mucosal biopsies, we found reduced S-phase labeling in the 2 apical compartments of longitudinally sectioned crypts when PKC was activated by 200 nM of the phorbol ester TPA (n = 8).	Phorbol Esters	208-221	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	173-176
10667304-0	1999	Fatty acid cyclooxygenase induction and prostaglandin D synthesis in a human megakaryoblastic cell line CMK differentiated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9	Homo sapiens	104-107
9880496-6	1999	The promoter activity of the rat regucalcin gene was enhanced by treatment with Bay K 8644, dibutyryl cAMP, phorbol esters, insulin, and dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	regucalcin	Rattus norvegicus	33-43
9880496-9	1999	These results suggest that Bay K 8644-, dibutyryl cAMP-, phorbol ester-, and insulin-inducible nuclear factors mediate the stimulatory effect of each regulator on promoter activity of the rat regucalcin gene.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	regucalcin	Rattus norvegicus	192-202
9854032-4	1999	In phorbol-ester-treated non-growing MEL cells, a rapid change in the intracellular distribution of PKC-straight theta occurs.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	protein kinase C theta	Homo sapiens	100-103
10668496-2	1999	In this study, we investigated whether resveratrol, a chemopreventive agent found in grapes, could suppress phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 in human mammary and oral epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	150-155
9888864-0	1999	On the role of c-Jun in the induction of PAI-1 gene expression by phorbol ester, serum, and IL-1alpha in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-20
9888864-0	1999	On the role of c-Jun in the induction of PAI-1 gene expression by phorbol ester, serum, and IL-1alpha in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
9987015-3	1999	PKC activation by phorbol esters resulted in a large facilitation of field-evoked Ca(2+)-dependent [3H]-D-aspartate release and a lesser enhancement of KCl-stimulated release.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
9987015-9	1999	Phorbol ester-induced facilitation of field-evoked [3H]-D-aspartate release and neurite Ca2+ entry was non-additive with that produced by the specific K+ channel antagonist dendrotoxin-1, suggesting that PKC modulates transmitter release from field-stimulated cerebellar granule cells by inhibiting a dendrotoxin-1-sensitive K+ channel.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	204-207
9886079-4	1999	AbetaPPs was constitutively secreted from cortical synaptosomes, with this secretion being enhanced significantly by the direct activation of PKC with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	142-145
10352142-2	1999	U937 cells were exposed to microgravity during a space shuttle flight and stimulated with a radiolabeled phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) to both specifically label and activate translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the particulate fraction of the cell.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	187-190
10050669-4	1999	While all eight mAb and sCD40LT were capable of synergizing with IL-4 or phorbol ester for promoting DNA synthesis in resting B cells, co-stimulus-independent activation of the cells into cycle through CD40 related directly to the extent of receptor cross-linking.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	25-29
9892016-3	1999	By transient transfection of the GH3 cell line, we demonstrate that activation of the PKC system with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), increases activity of region -207/+5 of the rat LHbeta gene promoter (approximately 2-fold) and markedly augments SF-1-induced stimulation (95-fold in the presence of both factors vs. 13-fold for SF-1 alone).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	luteinizing hormone subunit beta	Rattus norvegicus	208-214
10102760-8	1999	In contrast, melatonin at a final concentration of 10 pg/mL, added to whole blood incubated with LPS and also the phorbol ester, PMA, caused a significant rise of 25%; whereas 100 pg/mL enhanced LPS + PMA-induced TNF by approximately 80% as compared to LPS + PMA alone.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	213-216
21380828-6	1999	The principal criteria used to distinguish between inactive and active forms of PKC are that, in the later case, the solubility of the enzyme is reduced when intact cells are treated with an appropriate agonist (e.g., phorbol esters) and that the association of a given PKC isoform with the particulate fraction resists extraction with Ca(2+)-chelators, but not nonionic detergents.	Phorbol Esters	218-232	protein kinase C, iota	Mus musculus	80-83
12840904-5	1999	Moreover, phorbol ester, 1, 2-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhanced stimulation of lated the GH secretion effect exerted by GHRH in gsp-positive somatotrophinomas, whereas this effect was not observed in gsp-negative tumors.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	103-105
12840904-5	1999	Moreover, phorbol ester, 1, 2-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhanced stimulation of lated the GH secretion effect exerted by GHRH in gsp-positive somatotrophinomas, whereas this effect was not observed in gsp-negative tumors.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	134-138
12840904-5	1999	Moreover, phorbol ester, 1, 2-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhanced stimulation of lated the GH secretion effect exerted by GHRH in gsp-positive somatotrophinomas, whereas this effect was not observed in gsp-negative tumors.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	142-145
12840904-5	1999	Moreover, phorbol ester, 1, 2-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhanced stimulation of lated the GH secretion effect exerted by GHRH in gsp-positive somatotrophinomas, whereas this effect was not observed in gsp-negative tumors.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	GNAS complex locus	Homo sapiens	214-217
9880335-5	1999	Second, in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, which expressed human uPAR apically, the low basal rate of uPAR ligand endocytosis, which could not be inhibited by RAP, was increased by forskolin or phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), which selectively up-regulate clathrin-independent endocytosis from the apical domain of epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	83-87
9880335-5	1999	Second, in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, which expressed human uPAR apically, the low basal rate of uPAR ligand endocytosis, which could not be inhibited by RAP, was increased by forskolin or phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), which selectively up-regulate clathrin-independent endocytosis from the apical domain of epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	120-124
9892016-3	1999	By transient transfection of the GH3 cell line, we demonstrate that activation of the PKC system with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), increases activity of region -207/+5 of the rat LHbeta gene promoter (approximately 2-fold) and markedly augments SF-1-induced stimulation (95-fold in the presence of both factors vs. 13-fold for SF-1 alone).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	274-278
9892016-3	1999	By transient transfection of the GH3 cell line, we demonstrate that activation of the PKC system with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), increases activity of region -207/+5 of the rat LHbeta gene promoter (approximately 2-fold) and markedly augments SF-1-induced stimulation (95-fold in the presence of both factors vs. 13-fold for SF-1 alone).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	356-360
9927992-8	1998	All five domains of the VIP gene were also required for cell-specific induction of VIP gene expression with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	24-27
9856987-6	1998	In addition, deletion of 168 amino acids from the N terminus of rPLD1 significantly enhanced basal PLD activity while inhibiting the response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	phospholipase D1	Rattus norvegicus	64-69
9885948-0	1998	The THCRE2 site in the rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene promoter is responsive to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	27-47
10579584-0	1999	Prevention of neuronal apoptosis by phorbol ester-induced activation of protein kinase C: blockade of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	102-105
10496024-3	1999	In contrast to normal REF cells, the elevated activity of NF-kappa B in the transformants cannot be regulated by growth factors of serum and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	58-68
9891974-0	1998	A phorbol ester-binding protein is required downstream of Rab5 in endosome fusion.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-62
9891974-4	1998	Addition of the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) reversed the inhibition of endosome fusion caused by a Rab5 negative mutant.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	123-127
9891974-6	1998	These results suggest that the phorbol ester binding protein is acting downstream of Rab5 in endosome fusion.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	85-89
9878538-6	1998	Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a major mitogen of keratinocytes, and a tumor-promoting phorbol ester increase IEX-1 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	immediate early response 3	Homo sapiens	110-115
9990315-3	1998	TPO by itself did not activate ERK1, ERK2 and protein kinase C (PKC), whereas TPO directly enhanced the PKC-dependent activation of ERKs induced by other agonists including thrombin and phorbol esters, without affecting the PKC activation by those agonists.	Phorbol Esters	186-200	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	132-136
9927992-8	1998	All five domains of the VIP gene were also required for cell-specific induction of VIP gene expression with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	83-86
9841924-6	1998	Activation of PKC with phorbol ester restored peptide-specific apoptosis in vav-/- thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	14-17
9843462-10	1998	Fibroblast ACE activity was increased after 48 hours of treatment with basic fibroblast growth factor, dexamethasone, and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	11-14
9876042-5	1998	Under stimulation of phorbol ester, expression of IL-6 and nerve growth factor mRNA was up-regulated.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	50-54
9876042-5	1998	Under stimulation of phorbol ester, expression of IL-6 and nerve growth factor mRNA was up-regulated.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	59-78
9874176-9	1998	Angiotensin II- and phorbol myristate acetate-induced proto-oncogene mRNA expression was attenuated in cells incubated overnight with the active phorbol ester, which suggests a major role of protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
9841924-6	1998	Activation of PKC with phorbol ester restored peptide-specific apoptosis in vav-/- thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	vav 1 oncogene	Mus musculus	76-79
9873742-3	1998	The binding mode of DAG-lactones to PK-C was investigated using the C1b domain from the X-ray structure of the phorbol ester/C1b complex of PK-C delta as a template.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
9873742-3	1998	The binding mode of DAG-lactones to PK-C was investigated using the C1b domain from the X-ray structure of the phorbol ester/C1b complex of PK-C delta as a template.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	140-144
9873742-7	1998	The function of this group could be equivalent to that of the C-9(OH)/C-13 (C = O) motif in phorbol esters, which also appears free of interactions in the phorbol ester/C1b complex.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	homeobox C13	Homo sapiens	70-74
9873742-7	1998	The function of this group could be equivalent to that of the C-9(OH)/C-13 (C = O) motif in phorbol esters, which also appears free of interactions in the phorbol ester/C1b complex.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	homeobox C13	Homo sapiens	70-74
9884090-12	1998	These results indicate that PKCbeta has a crucial role in the mediation of cPLA2 activation by the phorbol ester PMA, whereas PMA utilizes PKC epsilon and/or mu to up-regulate AC activity.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	28-35
9884090-3	1998	The cPLA2 and AC pathways were studied by measuring the potentiation by the phorbol ester PMA of ionomycin-induced arachidonic acid (AA) release and prostagladin E1 (PGE1)-stimulated cyclic AMP production, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	4-9
9884090-0	1998	Distinct PKC isoforms mediate the activation of cPLA2 and adenylyl cyclase by phorbol ester in RAW264.7 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	9-12
9884090-0	1998	Distinct PKC isoforms mediate the activation of cPLA2 and adenylyl cyclase by phorbol ester in RAW264.7 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	48-53
9884090-12	1998	These results indicate that PKCbeta has a crucial role in the mediation of cPLA2 activation by the phorbol ester PMA, whereas PMA utilizes PKC epsilon and/or mu to up-regulate AC activity.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	75-80
9832433-14	1998	Conversely, adipocytes that were incubated with dibutyryl cAMP, methylisobutyl xanthine, or phorbol ester instead of okadaic acid increased [Ca2+]i when treated with insulin 2 h later.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	insulin 2	Rattus norvegicus	166-175
9930657-12	1998	However, when using the PKC substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) to monitor cellular PKC activity, we observed that activation of PKC by phorbol ester was required for complete MARCKS phosphorylation and its translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	24-27
9930657-12	1998	However, when using the PKC substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) to monitor cellular PKC activity, we observed that activation of PKC by phorbol ester was required for complete MARCKS phosphorylation and its translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	38-44
9930657-12	1998	However, when using the PKC substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) to monitor cellular PKC activity, we observed that activation of PKC by phorbol ester was required for complete MARCKS phosphorylation and its translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	46-91
9930657-12	1998	However, when using the PKC substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) to monitor cellular PKC activity, we observed that activation of PKC by phorbol ester was required for complete MARCKS phosphorylation and its translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	113-116
9930657-12	1998	However, when using the PKC substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) to monitor cellular PKC activity, we observed that activation of PKC by phorbol ester was required for complete MARCKS phosphorylation and its translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	113-116
9930657-12	1998	However, when using the PKC substrate MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) to monitor cellular PKC activity, we observed that activation of PKC by phorbol ester was required for complete MARCKS phosphorylation and its translocation from the membrane to the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	205-211
9856823-9	1998	Our results indicate that the responsive element(s) for cholesterol sulfate and phorbol ester is located upstream of the human transglutaminase 1 gene at a position(s) between -819 and -549, whereas the responsive element for Ca2+ is located at a position between -79 and -49.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	127-145
9824772-3	1998	We report that T-lymphocytes up-regulate the expression of occludin, a major component of the tight junction in response to stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA) + calcium ionophore, CD3 antibody or T-cell receptor (TCR) antibody.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	occludin	Homo sapiens	59-67
9856832-4	1998	MT-MMP-1 and -3 transcripts were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and northern blots showed a single 4.5 kB mRNA for MT-MMP-1 that was modulated by angiogenic factors and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Homo sapiens	0-15
9856832-4	1998	MT-MMP-1 and -3 transcripts were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and northern blots showed a single 4.5 kB mRNA for MT-MMP-1 that was modulated by angiogenic factors and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Homo sapiens	0-8
9843579-16	1998	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) induced and attachment-dependent phosphorylation of both cPLA2 and ERK2 in suspension cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	131-136
9811734-9	1998	The requirement of NS1(O) reactivation for characteristic PKC cofactors such as Ca2+/phosphatidylserine or phorbol esters strongly suggests the involvement of this protein kinase family in regulation of NS1 replicative functions in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	influenza virus NS1A binding protein	Homo sapiens	19-25
9811734-9	1998	The requirement of NS1(O) reactivation for characteristic PKC cofactors such as Ca2+/phosphatidylserine or phorbol esters strongly suggests the involvement of this protein kinase family in regulation of NS1 replicative functions in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	influenza virus NS1A binding protein	Homo sapiens	19-22
9923649-2	1998	Here, we have examined the molecular mechanisms of the activation of fibroblast MMP-1 gene expression by a naturally occurring non-phorbol ester type tumor promoter okadaic acid (OA), a potent inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	80-85
9843579-16	1998	Activation of PKC by phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) induced and attachment-dependent phosphorylation of both cPLA2 and ERK2 in suspension cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
9879655-8	1998	The present study describes (1) the almost complete structural identity of 18.5 kb ROS-GC1 gene; (2) its structural organization: the gene is composed of 20 exons and 19 introns with classical GT/AG boundaries; (3) the activity of the ROS-GC1 promoter assayed through luciferase reporter in COS cells; and (4) induction of the gene by phorbol ester, a protein kinase C (PKC) activator.	Phorbol Esters	335-348	guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal	Homo sapiens	83-90
9879655-0	1998	Rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase type 1 (ROS-GC1) gene: structure, organization and regulation by phorbol ester, a protein kinase C activator.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal	Homo sapiens	0-51
9879655-8	1998	The present study describes (1) the almost complete structural identity of 18.5 kb ROS-GC1 gene; (2) its structural organization: the gene is composed of 20 exons and 19 introns with classical GT/AG boundaries; (3) the activity of the ROS-GC1 promoter assayed through luciferase reporter in COS cells; and (4) induction of the gene by phorbol ester, a protein kinase C (PKC) activator.	Phorbol Esters	335-348	guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal	Homo sapiens	235-242
9879655-0	1998	Rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase type 1 (ROS-GC1) gene: structure, organization and regulation by phorbol ester, a protein kinase C activator.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal	Homo sapiens	53-60
9879655-0	1998	Rod outer segment membrane guanylate cyclase type 1 (ROS-GC1) gene: structure, organization and regulation by phorbol ester, a protein kinase C activator.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	127-143
9862447-4	1998	Cytokine-induced activation of neutral SMase was inhibited by stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester TPA which caused a reduction of ceramide back to control levels.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
10098722-4	1998	Ethanol also inhibited phorbol ester-induced expression of junD.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	59-63
9874501-8	1998	However, after phorbol ester stimulation, CD25 and CD69 markers were expressed and IL-2 was secreted.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	42-46
9874501-8	1998	However, after phorbol ester stimulation, CD25 and CD69 markers were expressed and IL-2 was secreted.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	51-55
9874501-8	1998	However, after phorbol ester stimulation, CD25 and CD69 markers were expressed and IL-2 was secreted.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
9862417-2	1998	When DAN-transfected neuroblastoma cells were treated with a tumor promoter phorbol ester, TPA, neurite-like processes appeared within 2 h whereas no apparent change was observed in the parent and vector-transfected cells up to 8 h. This suggests some difference in TPA-receptor, protein kinase C (PKC), between DAN-transfectants and the control cells.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	poly(A)-specific ribonuclease	Homo sapiens	5-8
9819387-0	1998	Regulation of RasGRP via a phorbol ester-responsive C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	14-20
9819387-4	1998	The C terminus of mRasGRP contains a pair of EF hands and a C1 domain which is very similar to the phorbol ester- and diacylglycerol-binding C1 domains of protein kinase Cs.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	18-25
9819387-7	1998	Transformation and MAP kinase activation via mRasGRP were restored if the deleted C1 domain was replaced either by a membrane-localizing prenylation signal or by a diacylglycerol- and phorbol ester-binding C1 domain of protein kinase C. The transforming activity of mRasGRP could be regulated by phorbol ester when serum concentrations were low, and this effect of phorbol ester was dependent on the C1 domain of mRasGRP.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	45-52
9819387-7	1998	Transformation and MAP kinase activation via mRasGRP were restored if the deleted C1 domain was replaced either by a membrane-localizing prenylation signal or by a diacylglycerol- and phorbol ester-binding C1 domain of protein kinase C. The transforming activity of mRasGRP could be regulated by phorbol ester when serum concentrations were low, and this effect of phorbol ester was dependent on the C1 domain of mRasGRP.	Phorbol Esters	296-309	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	45-52
9819387-7	1998	Transformation and MAP kinase activation via mRasGRP were restored if the deleted C1 domain was replaced either by a membrane-localizing prenylation signal or by a diacylglycerol- and phorbol ester-binding C1 domain of protein kinase C. The transforming activity of mRasGRP could be regulated by phorbol ester when serum concentrations were low, and this effect of phorbol ester was dependent on the C1 domain of mRasGRP.	Phorbol Esters	296-309	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	45-52
9819387-9	1998	The C1 domain mediated the translocation of mRasGRP to cell membranes in response to either phorbol ester or serum stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	RAS guanyl releasing protein 1	Mus musculus	44-51
9851700-2	1998	Previous studies in non-endothelial cells have indicated that basal and phorbol ester mediated induction is controlled by a cAMP response element (CRE) referred to as the tPACRE, and an activating protein 2 (AP-2)-like site.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	186-206
9813014-5	1998	Interestingly, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat, which affects endothelial functions, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and culture on fibrin gels, which promote endothelial differentiation in vitro, all down-regulate EDF-1 expression both at the RNA and protein levels.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	endothelial differentiation related factor 1	Homo sapiens	250-255
9813306-3	1998	Exposure to phorbol ester increased NGF secretion rates from WKHT by 400-800% but not from WKHA vascular muscle.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
10022777-1	1998	The effect of phorbol ester on human growth hormone-binding protein (hGH-BP) release was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	69-75
10022777-2	1998	The hGH-BP release from human IM-9 cells measured by immunoblotting was dose-dependently enhanced by a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), and reached plateau at 100 nM.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	4-10
9851700-2	1998	Previous studies in non-endothelial cells have indicated that basal and phorbol ester mediated induction is controlled by a cAMP response element (CRE) referred to as the tPACRE, and an activating protein 2 (AP-2)-like site.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	208-212
9804755-6	1998	Similarly to p70alpha, the catalytic activity of p70beta toward ribosomal protein S6 could be rapidly activated by serum, insulin, and phorbol ester in transiently transfected cells.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	13-21
9849876-4	1998	UCP2 mRNA in H4IIE cells was downregulated when cells were cultured for 36 h in 0.1% serum and its expression was restored upon addition of 10% serum or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	uncoupling protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
9804755-6	1998	Similarly to p70alpha, the catalytic activity of p70beta toward ribosomal protein S6 could be rapidly activated by serum, insulin, and phorbol ester in transiently transfected cells.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B2	Homo sapiens	49-56
9804755-6	1998	Similarly to p70alpha, the catalytic activity of p70beta toward ribosomal protein S6 could be rapidly activated by serum, insulin, and phorbol ester in transiently transfected cells.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	ribosomal protein S6	Homo sapiens	64-84
9797142-1	1998	Previously, we have shown that phorbol ester (PMA) induces p21(WAF1/CIP1)-dependent growth arrest in SKBr3 breast cancer and LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	59-62
9797142-1	1998	Previously, we have shown that phorbol ester (PMA) induces p21(WAF1/CIP1)-dependent growth arrest in SKBr3 breast cancer and LNCaP prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	63-72
9799507-0	1998	Phorbol ester-induced juxtamembrane cleavage of angiotensin-converting enzyme is not inhibited by a stalk containing intrachain disulfides.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cricetulus griseus	48-77
9799507-6	1998	We found that ACE-JMEGF was solubilized inefficiently and accumulated in a cell-associated form on transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells; cleavage was stimulated by phorbol ester and inhibited by TAPI, features typical of MPSP activity.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cricetulus griseus	14-17
9812903-8	1998	Phorbol esters (TPA, 50 ng/mL) stimulated MMP-9 activity by 50%, and fluvastatin inhibited this enhanced activity up to 50% in both mouse and human macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	42-47
9792541-8	1998	The effect of tolbutamide was blocked either by inhibition of PKC or when phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms were maximally stimulated by TPA.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	98-101
9846180-6	1998	It was previously observed (Tchou et al, 1996) that in some lung carcinoma cells long exposure to high doses of phorbol esters also induces the appearance of a faster-migrating p21 electrophoretic band and it was suggested that this could result from a different phosphorylation or from a proteolytic processing at the C-terminus of the protein.	Phorbol Esters	112-126	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	177-180
9794471-4	1998	Stimulation of PKC with phorbol ester reduced PKC activity levels, but increased ER binding.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	15-18
9794471-4	1998	Stimulation of PKC with phorbol ester reduced PKC activity levels, but increased ER binding.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	46-49
9794471-4	1998	Stimulation of PKC with phorbol ester reduced PKC activity levels, but increased ER binding.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	81-83
9794471-9	1998	Western blotting of the various PKC isoforms indicated that although PKC alpha, -beta1, -betaII, -delta, and -zeta are expressed in the uterus, only PKC alpha and -beta1 are translocated from the soluble to the particulate fraction and then degraded after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	256-269	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	32-35
9858061-4	1998	THC decreased constitutive production of IL-8, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES and phorbol ester stimulated production of TNF-alpha, GM-CSF and IFN-gamma by NK cells.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	124-133
9858061-4	1998	THC decreased constitutive production of IL-8, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES and phorbol ester stimulated production of TNF-alpha, GM-CSF and IFN-gamma by NK cells.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	135-141
9772291-0	1998	Cisplatin and phorbol ester independently induce ERCC-1 protein in human ovarian carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	ERCC excision repair 1, endonuclease non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	49-55
9858061-4	1998	THC decreased constitutive production of IL-8, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES and phorbol ester stimulated production of TNF-alpha, GM-CSF and IFN-gamma by NK cells.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	146-155
9790990-3	1998	The present paper reports that stimulation of protein kinase C by angiotensin II, platelet-derived growth factor BB or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate triggers the phosphorylation and activation of GTP cyclohydrolase I.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	GTP cyclohydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	221-241
9914781-0	1998	Phorbol ester-induced G1 arrest in BALB/MK-2 mouse keratinocytes is mediated by delta and eta isoforms of protein kinase C. We investigated the possible negative regulation of the cell cycle by protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in synchronously grown BALB/MK-2 mouse keratinocytes, in which PKC isoforms were overexpressed by using the adenovirus vector Ax.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	90-93
9794396-3	1998	In this study we demonstrate that cross-linking of the CD99 molecule with the agonistic mAb 3B2/TA8 cooperates with suboptimal TCR/CD3 signals, but not with phorbol ester, ionomycin, or CD28 mAb stimulation, to induce proliferation of resting PB T cells.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	CD99 molecule (Xg blood group)	Homo sapiens	55-59
9794414-1	1998	Expression of human MHC HLA-DRA class II gene can be up-regulated in B cells by Ig cross-linking as well as by phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	111-125	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	28-31
9799798-5	1998	The human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 differentiates into macrophage-like cells when treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	39-44
9804610-1	1998	In Rat-1 fibroblasts, endothelin-1 and a protein kinase C-stimulating phorbol ester stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas phenylephrine, acting at stably transfected human alpha1A-adrenoceptors, inhibited basal and endothelin-1- and phorbol ester-stimulated ERK.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	95-132
9804610-1	1998	In Rat-1 fibroblasts, endothelin-1 and a protein kinase C-stimulating phorbol ester stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas phenylephrine, acting at stably transfected human alpha1A-adrenoceptors, inhibited basal and endothelin-1- and phorbol ester-stimulated ERK.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	134-137
9804610-1	1998	In Rat-1 fibroblasts, endothelin-1 and a protein kinase C-stimulating phorbol ester stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas phenylephrine, acting at stably transfected human alpha1A-adrenoceptors, inhibited basal and endothelin-1- and phorbol ester-stimulated ERK.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	241-253
9804610-1	1998	In Rat-1 fibroblasts, endothelin-1 and a protein kinase C-stimulating phorbol ester stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas phenylephrine, acting at stably transfected human alpha1A-adrenoceptors, inhibited basal and endothelin-1- and phorbol ester-stimulated ERK.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	284-287
9804610-1	1998	In Rat-1 fibroblasts, endothelin-1 and a protein kinase C-stimulating phorbol ester stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas phenylephrine, acting at stably transfected human alpha1A-adrenoceptors, inhibited basal and endothelin-1- and phorbol ester-stimulated ERK.	Phorbol Esters	259-272	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-34
9799395-5	1998	XL-NHE was activated by phorbol ester, whereas forskolin exerted no effect, suggesting the involvement of phospholipase C/protein kinase C signalling pathways rather than protein kinase A signalling pathways in XL-NHE stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	solute carrier family 9 member 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	3-6
9765268-1	1998	On T cells the leukocyte integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) can be induced to bind its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) either by increasing the affinity of the receptor with Mg2+ and EGTA or by receptor clustering following activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	75-80
9776731-7	1998	Treatment with either phorbol ester or Ca2+ ionophore also increased PYK2 phosphorylation, suggesting that PKC activation and/or increased [Ca2+]i are both necessary and sufficient to activate PYK2.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
9776731-7	1998	Treatment with either phorbol ester or Ca2+ ionophore also increased PYK2 phosphorylation, suggesting that PKC activation and/or increased [Ca2+]i are both necessary and sufficient to activate PYK2.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Rattus norvegicus	193-197
9765268-6	1998	In addition, the binding of Mg2+-activated LFA-1 to ICAM-1 is blocked by peptides covering the alpha4-beta3 loop, the beta3-alpha5 loop, and the alpha5 helix of the I domain, whereas none of the peptides tested blocks phorbol ester-mediated adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	43-48
9765268-6	1998	In addition, the binding of Mg2+-activated LFA-1 to ICAM-1 is blocked by peptides covering the alpha4-beta3 loop, the beta3-alpha5 loop, and the alpha5 helix of the I domain, whereas none of the peptides tested blocks phorbol ester-mediated adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	52-58
9765268-1	1998	On T cells the leukocyte integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) can be induced to bind its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) either by increasing the affinity of the receptor with Mg2+ and EGTA or by receptor clustering following activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	83-88
9765301-1	1998	Sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) respond to phorbol esters with growth inhibition, adherence to substrate, and production of cytokines including interleukin 2.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	10-13
9765268-1	1998	On T cells the leukocyte integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) can be induced to bind its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) either by increasing the affinity of the receptor with Mg2+ and EGTA or by receptor clustering following activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	89-93
9765301-1	1998	Sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) respond to phorbol esters with growth inhibition, adherence to substrate, and production of cytokines including interleukin 2.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	37-40
9765301-6	1998	Prolonged treatment of s-EL4 cells with phorbol esters results in inhibition of cell cycling along with a decreased expression of most of the PKC isozymes, including PKCtheta.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	25-28
9765301-6	1998	Prolonged treatment of s-EL4 cells with phorbol esters results in inhibition of cell cycling along with a decreased expression of most of the PKC isozymes, including PKCtheta.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	142-145
9765301-6	1998	Prolonged treatment of s-EL4 cells with phorbol esters results in inhibition of cell cycling along with a decreased expression of most of the PKC isozymes, including PKCtheta.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	166-174
9765301-7	1998	Introduction of virally expressed PKCtheta, but not PKCeta, overcame the inhibitory effects of the prolonged phorbol ester treatment on cell cycle progression, suggesting a possible involvement of PKCtheta in cell cycle regulation.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	34-42
9765301-7	1998	Introduction of virally expressed PKCtheta, but not PKCeta, overcame the inhibitory effects of the prolonged phorbol ester treatment on cell cycle progression, suggesting a possible involvement of PKCtheta in cell cycle regulation.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	protein kinase C, theta	Mus musculus	197-205
9765268-1	1998	On T cells the leukocyte integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) can be induced to bind its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) either by increasing the affinity of the receptor with Mg2+ and EGTA or by receptor clustering following activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	129-162
9765268-1	1998	On T cells the leukocyte integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) can be induced to bind its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) either by increasing the affinity of the receptor with Mg2+ and EGTA or by receptor clustering following activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	164-170
9765268-1	1998	On T cells the leukocyte integrin leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) can be induced to bind its ligand intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) either by increasing the affinity of the receptor with Mg2+ and EGTA or by receptor clustering following activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	300-313	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	173-177
9756923-3	1998	Full-length recombinant PKC-epsilon, but not PKC-betaII, -delta, -eta, or -zeta, bound to filamentous actin in a phorbol ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	24-35
9804164-0	1998	Dissimilar phorbol ester binding properties of the individual cysteine-rich motifs of protein kinase D.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	86-102
9804164-1	1998	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine kinase that binds phorbol esters in a phospholipid-dependent manner via a tandemly repeated cysteine-rich, zinc finger-like motif (the cysteine-rich domain, CRD).	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-16
9804164-1	1998	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine kinase that binds phorbol esters in a phospholipid-dependent manner via a tandemly repeated cysteine-rich, zinc finger-like motif (the cysteine-rich domain, CRD).	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	18-21
9788614-2	1998	After phorbol ester treatment, AA is hydrolyzed from keratinocytes primarily by the cytosolic form of phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), which exhibited a strong substrate preference for phosphatidylcholine over phosphatidylethanolamine and AA over other fatty acids.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	102-118
9788614-2	1998	After phorbol ester treatment, AA is hydrolyzed from keratinocytes primarily by the cytosolic form of phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), which exhibited a strong substrate preference for phosphatidylcholine over phosphatidylethanolamine and AA over other fatty acids.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	120-125
9788614-3	1998	Phorbol esters increase cPLA2 activity but not the level of expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	24-29
9770366-4	1998	However, KM-102 ICAM-1 overexpressors demonstrated enhanced binding (2.5-fold) to phorbol ester-treated, but not untreated, LFA-1-bearing JY cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	16-22
9770366-4	1998	However, KM-102 ICAM-1 overexpressors demonstrated enhanced binding (2.5-fold) to phorbol ester-treated, but not untreated, LFA-1-bearing JY cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	124-129
9770366-6	1998	These findings suggest that while ICAM-1 is not required for basal adhesion between stromal and hematopoietic cells, stromal ICAM-1 may contribute to stromal:leukemic cellular interaction when bound to the phorbol ester-dependent high-avidity state of hematopoietic LFA-1.	Phorbol Esters	206-219	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	125-131
9770366-6	1998	These findings suggest that while ICAM-1 is not required for basal adhesion between stromal and hematopoietic cells, stromal ICAM-1 may contribute to stromal:leukemic cellular interaction when bound to the phorbol ester-dependent high-avidity state of hematopoietic LFA-1.	Phorbol Esters	206-219	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	266-271
9789079-7	1998	Ca2+ ionophore and phorbol ester strongly and additively enhance this Rap1A activation.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	70-75
9756923-5	1998	When NIH 3T3 cells overexpressing either PKC-epsilon or the deletion mutant of this isozyme were treated with phorbol ester only wild-type PKC-epsilon colocalized with actin in zones of cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	41-52
9831895-0	1998	Uncoupling of bradykinin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis and Ca2+ mobilization by phorbol ester in canine cultured tracheal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	14-24
9790955-3	1998	We examined the kinetics of activation/deactivation of ERK MAPKs following the exposure of cardiac myocytes to endothelin-1 or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
9801139-0	1998	An engineered site for protein kinase C flanking the SV40 large T-antigen NLS confers phorbol ester-inducible nuclear import.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	23-39
9801139-2	1998	We report here that replacement of this site with a consensus site for protein kinase C (PK-C) can alter the regulation of T-ag nuclear import and render it inducible by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-87
9801139-2	1998	We report here that replacement of this site with a consensus site for protein kinase C (PK-C) can alter the regulation of T-ag nuclear import and render it inducible by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	89-93
9765365-2	1998	It has been reported that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters reduces the amplitude of isoproterenol-induced cAMP production in a 3T3-L1 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	58-61
9872567-4	1998	Phorbol ester, a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, markedly inhibited the expressions of melanogenesis and tyrosinase in both the control B16 melanoma cells and the long-term treated B16 melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	107-117
9774361-2	1998	This ERK activation was abolished by the Gq-associated phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 but was insensitive to protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors or PKC downregulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	5-8
9751200-4	1998	Stimulation of protein kinase C with a phorbol ester (phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate) also enhanced the phosphorylation of rabphilin-3A (217 +/- 21%).	Phorbol Esters	39-52	rabphilin 3A	Homo sapiens	117-129
9821665-0	1998	Possible involvement of protein kinase c inhibition in the reduction of phorbol ester-induced neutrophil aggregation by magnolol in the rat.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	24-40
9763439-2	1998	Stimulation of CD3/T cell receptor, CD2 or CD28, as well as activation with phorbol esters, can induce within minutes an increase in beta1 integrin-mediated adhesion of T cells to fibronectin.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	133-147
9763439-2	1998	Stimulation of CD3/T cell receptor, CD2 or CD28, as well as activation with phorbol esters, can induce within minutes an increase in beta1 integrin-mediated adhesion of T cells to fibronectin.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	180-191
9790499-6	1998	When Dami cells undergo terminal differentiation after treatment with phorbol ester, hBub1 expression in this cell line is down-regulated rapidly.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	85-90
9733851-3	1998	Phorbol esters or immunoglobulin cross-linking both reactivate EBV from latently infected B cells via transactivation of BZLF1.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	121-126
9733851-4	1998	We report here that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is capable of inducing BZLF1"s activity even further.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	104-109
9737994-0	1998	HERG potassium channel activation is shifted by phorbol esters via protein kinase A-dependent pathways.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
9733722-1	1998	We have previously shown that the rat follitropin receptor (rFSHR) expressed in transfected cells becomes phosphorylated upon stimulation of the cells with agonist or a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	38-58
9739115-8	1998	The effect of UCN on ACTH release was enhanced by phorbol esters which activate protein kinase C, but was reduced by the selective cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, H-89.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	urocortin	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
9794231-0	1998	Oncogenes, growth factors and phorbol esters regulate Raf-1 through common mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-59
9733722-1	1998	We have previously shown that the rat follitropin receptor (rFSHR) expressed in transfected cells becomes phosphorylated upon stimulation of the cells with agonist or a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
9733722-2	1998	Peptide mapping and mutagenesis studies have also shown that the agonist- or phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the rFSHR maps to Ser/Thr residues present in the first and third intracellular loops.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	122-127
9780230-0	1998	Phorbol ester causes ligand-independent activation of the androgen receptor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	58-75
9751075-0	1998	Phorbol ester-induced P-glycoprotein phosphorylation and functionality in the HTB-123 human breast cancer cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	22-36
9731072-6	1998	Finally, we found that Rap1 is activated by both the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), indicating that phospholipase C (PLC) activation leading to elevated levels of intracellular free Ca2+ and diacylglycerol (DAG) can mediate Rap1 activation.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	23-27
9731072-6	1998	Finally, we found that Rap1 is activated by both the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), indicating that phospholipase C (PLC) activation leading to elevated levels of intracellular free Ca2+ and diacylglycerol (DAG) can mediate Rap1 activation.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	284-288
9762412-2	1998	Phorbol ester (PMA) activated endogenous and ectopically expressed PKC alpha, beta I, beta II, gamma, delta, epsilon, and eta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	67-76
9727040-4	1998	The effects of carbachol and bombesin on p38 MAP kinase activity were similar to those of CCK, whereas phorbol ester, epidermal growth factor, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide stimulated p38 MAP kinase by 2-fold or less.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	192-195
9722539-6	1998	UTP, ionomycin, and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) increased MAP kinase activity and also promoted the tyrosine phosphorylation of RAFTK, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, SHC, and p120(cbl).	Phorbol Esters	20-33	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	159-197
9722539-6	1998	UTP, ionomycin, and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) increased MAP kinase activity and also promoted the tyrosine phosphorylation of RAFTK, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, SHC, and p120(cbl).	Phorbol Esters	20-33	bromodomain containing 8	Rattus norvegicus	208-212
9722543-1	1998	The integrin-mediated stress relaxation as it occurs in a retracting three-dimensional collagen gel (RCG) is accompanied by a large up-regulation of the interstitial collagenase, matrix metalloproteinase 1 ((MMP-1), EC 3.4.24.7), regulated notably by interleukin-1 (IL-1), phorbol esters, and cytoskeleton-disrupting drugs as cytochalasin D (CD).	Phorbol Esters	273-287	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	208-213
9727032-0	1998	Evidence that protein kinase Cepsilon mediates phorbol ester inhibition of calphostin C- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in U937 histiocytic lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	93-120
9727032-1	1998	Protein kinase C (PKC) activators, such as the tumor-promoting phorbol esters, have been reported to protect several cell lines from apoptosis induced by a variety of agents.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	18-21
9722545-1	1998	The activity of membrane-associated protein kinase C (PKC) has previously been shown to be regulated by two discrete high and low affinity binding regions for diacylglycerols and phorbol esters (Slater, S. J., Ho, C., Kelly, M. B., Larkin, J. D., Taddeo, F. J., Yeager, M. D., and Stubbs, C. D. (1996) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	179-193	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	54-57
9722545-5	1998	By using the fluorescent phorbol ester, sapintoxin D (SAPD), PKCalpha, alone, was found to possess both low and high affinity phorbol ester-binding sites, showing that interaction with these sites does not require association with the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	61-69
9722545-5	1998	By using the fluorescent phorbol ester, sapintoxin D (SAPD), PKCalpha, alone, was found to possess both low and high affinity phorbol ester-binding sites, showing that interaction with these sites does not require association with the membrane.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	61-69
9722545-10	1998	Furthermore, the inactive phorbol ester analog 4alpha-TPA (4alpha-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) also inhibited non-membrane-associated PKC.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	143-146
9722545-13	1998	These results show that although high and low affinity phorbol ester-binding sites are found on non-membrane-associated PKC, the phorbol ester binding properties change significantly upon association with membranes.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	120-123
9743233-0	1998	Transcriptional activation of scavenger receptor expression in human smooth muscle cells requires AP-1/c-Jun and C/EBPbeta: both AP-1 binding and JNK activation are induced by phorbol esters and oxidative stress.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	129-133
19002793-6	1998	Results on the relationship between protein kinase C and multidrug resistance using many inhibitors and phorbol esters are difficult to interpret because such compounds bind to P-glycoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	177-191
9718374-4	1998	CXCR4 internalisation is induced by the CXCR4 ligand stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1), phorbol esters and, in T cells, cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
9721748-3	1998	First, they both cosedimented with purified actin filaments in a phorbol ester-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	actin	Aplysia californica	44-49
9718374-7	1998	However, a Ser/IleLeu motif, similar to that required for the endocytosis of CD4 and the T cell receptor/CD3 complex, is required for phorbol ester-induced, but not ligand-induced, CXCR4 endocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	77-80
9718374-7	1998	However, a Ser/IleLeu motif, similar to that required for the endocytosis of CD4 and the T cell receptor/CD3 complex, is required for phorbol ester-induced, but not ligand-induced, CXCR4 endocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	181-186
9718374-9	1998	CCR5 lacks the Ser/IleLeu sequence required for phorbol ester-induced uptake of CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
9718374-9	1998	CCR5 lacks the Ser/IleLeu sequence required for phorbol ester-induced uptake of CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	80-85
9710604-7	1998	A dominant-negative eta isoform counteracted the induction of transglutaminase 1 by differentiation inducers such as a phorbol ester, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and a high concentration of Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	20-23
9720718-4	1998	These double CD7 and myeloid antigen (CD13 and/or CD33) positive progenitors tend to lose their CD7 expression, while retaining their myeloid characteristics, after in vitro culture with the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	222-235	CD7 molecule	Homo sapiens	13-16
9720718-4	1998	These double CD7 and myeloid antigen (CD13 and/or CD33) positive progenitors tend to lose their CD7 expression, while retaining their myeloid characteristics, after in vitro culture with the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	222-235	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	38-42
9720718-4	1998	These double CD7 and myeloid antigen (CD13 and/or CD33) positive progenitors tend to lose their CD7 expression, while retaining their myeloid characteristics, after in vitro culture with the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	222-235	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	50-54
9720722-2	1998	Despite their developmental arrest, leukemic CD5+ B-cells can undergo proliferation in vitro in the presence of different activators including phorbol esters, antibodies to cell surface antigens and human cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	45-48
9740231-8	1998	Baseline and phorbol-ester induced c-jun mRNA expression was not inhibited, nor was baseline and IFN-gamma or phorbol-ester induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	35-40
9740231-8	1998	Baseline and phorbol-ester induced c-jun mRNA expression was not inhibited, nor was baseline and IFN-gamma or phorbol-ester induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	132-165
9731701-3	1998	As an immediate early response gene, the expression of the c-jun gene is affected by various extracellular stimuli, such as serum, phorbol esters, and glucocorticoids.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	59-64
9710604-7	1998	A dominant-negative eta isoform counteracted the induction of transglutaminase 1 by differentiation inducers such as a phorbol ester, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and a high concentration of Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	62-80
9766436-1	1998	The growth factor- and phorbol ester-inducible prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 has been found to be constitutively overexpressed in epidermal tumors generated by the initiation-promotion protocol in murine skin, whereas the expression of PGHS-1 does not change under these conditions.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	47-80
9778120-3	1998	Downregulation of protein kinase C activity by chronic exposure to the phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB), produced a greater increase in hCG-beta secretion than did activation of protein kinase C activity by short-term exposure to PDB.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	149-157
9766436-1	1998	The growth factor- and phorbol ester-inducible prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 has been found to be constitutively overexpressed in epidermal tumors generated by the initiation-promotion protocol in murine skin, whereas the expression of PGHS-1 does not change under these conditions.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Mus musculus	240-246
9730912-4	1998	This basal expression of COX-2 protein in human gastric mucosa was increased by lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester, indicating its up-regulation in response to appropriate stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	25-30
9759631-5	1998	In addition, phorbol ester and IFN-gamma increased the expression of plasma membrane ICAM-1 or ICAM-1 and HLA-DR, respectively, more in HD medium than in HS medium.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	85-91
9759631-5	1998	In addition, phorbol ester and IFN-gamma increased the expression of plasma membrane ICAM-1 or ICAM-1 and HLA-DR, respectively, more in HD medium than in HS medium.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	95-101
9705326-0	1998	Resveratrol inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 transcription and activity in phorbol ester-treated human mammary epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	21-37
9705326-1	1998	We determined whether resveratrol, a phenolic antioxidant found in grapes and other food products, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 in human mammary and oral epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	151-156
9705360-3	1998	Serum, phorbol esters, or active Ras induced ERK2 activation in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	7-21	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
9705334-1	1998	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhances transcription of many eukaryotic genes, including that for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	131-156
9705334-1	1998	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), enhances transcription of many eukaryotic genes, including that for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	158-161
9698308-5	1998	We also report that this response is not limited to PKC-activating phorbol esters but that activation of A3 adenosine receptors induces a PKC-dependent inhibition of group III mGluR function at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	52-55
9744821-1	1998	Synovial fibroblasts from patients with osteoarthritis in culture produced parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on treatment with phorbol ester (TPA) in a dose- and time-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	75-110
9744821-1	1998	Synovial fibroblasts from patients with osteoarthritis in culture produced parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on treatment with phorbol ester (TPA) in a dose- and time-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	112-117
9712726-5	1998	Moreover, whereas the phorbol ester PMA alone had no effect, it potentiated the TGF-beta1-induced expression of Smad7 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	80-89
9712726-5	1998	Moreover, whereas the phorbol ester PMA alone had no effect, it potentiated the TGF-beta1-induced expression of Smad7 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	SMAD family member 7	Homo sapiens	112-117
9687510-3	1998	Endogenous MSK1 is activated in 293 cells by either growth factor/phorbol ester stimulation, or by exposure to UV radiation, and oxidative and chemical stress.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A5	Homo sapiens	11-15
9715269-1	1998	Raf-1 kinase has been implicated in the induction of NF-kappa B activity by serum growth factors, phorbol ester and PTK oncogenes.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
9715269-1	1998	Raf-1 kinase has been implicated in the induction of NF-kappa B activity by serum growth factors, phorbol ester and PTK oncogenes.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	53-63
9716400-5	1998	Furthermore, cyclin D1 deficiency results in up to an 80% decrease in the development of squamous tumors generated through either grafting of retroviral ras-transduced keratinocytes, phorbol ester treatment of ras transgenic mice, or two-stage carcinogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	13-22
9687510-4	1998	The activation of MSK1 by growth factors/phorbol esters is prevented by PD 98059, which suppresses activation of the MAPK cascade, while the activation of MSK1 by stress stimuli is prevented by SB 203580, a specific inhibitor of SAPK2/p38.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A5	Homo sapiens	18-22
9687510-4	1998	The activation of MSK1 by growth factors/phorbol esters is prevented by PD 98059, which suppresses activation of the MAPK cascade, while the activation of MSK1 by stress stimuli is prevented by SB 203580, a specific inhibitor of SAPK2/p38.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	mitogen-activated protein kinase 11	Homo sapiens	229-234
9687510-4	1998	The activation of MSK1 by growth factors/phorbol esters is prevented by PD 98059, which suppresses activation of the MAPK cascade, while the activation of MSK1 by stress stimuli is prevented by SB 203580, a specific inhibitor of SAPK2/p38.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	235-238
9688609-4	1998	Overexpression of PKC-delta produced subconfluent and confluent epithelial morphologies similar to that observed on exposure of wild-type cells to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	PRKCD	Sus scrofa	18-27
9700101-7	1998	Therefore, we also evaluated activation of the MAP kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 2 by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	111-124	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	58-103
9683456-6	1998	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) inhibited ET-1 production.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
9849427-3	1998	Their effects on c-fos mRNA levels after induction by either epidermal growth factor (EGF) or the tumour promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was measured in human breast cancer-derived MDA-MB-468 cells.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	17-22
9877233-3	1998	Similarly, insulin release induced by the phorbol ester TPA (protein kinase C activator) was markedly potentiated.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	insulin	Homo sapiens	11-18
9687298-6	1998	Interestingly, phorbol ester (100, 500, 1000 ng/ml) induced GCP-2, but it had no effect on UCRP.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	C-X-C motif chemokine 6	Bos taurus	60-65
9680363-8	1998	Ro 31-9790, a membrane permeant zinc chelator that inhibits the phorbol-ester-stimulated shedding of L-selectin, also inhibited shedding of CD23 from B-CLL lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	selectin L	Homo sapiens	101-111
9680363-10	1998	Although L-selectin was completely shed by incubation of cells with phorbol-ester, CD23 was not lost under these conditions.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	selectin L	Homo sapiens	9-19
9683535-3	1998	The phorbol ester TPA could be substituted for endothelin-1.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	18-21
9648914-9	1998	Like EGF, phorbol ester, under conditions which activate PKC isozymes in MEPM cells, increased MAPK phosphorylation and activity but was also growth inhibitory to MEPM cells.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	5-8
9723693-5	1998	Furthermore, expression of dMKK-4 inhibits Fas- but not phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced activation of SAPK, suggesting that a SAPK kinase different from MKK-4 is responsible for the regulation of SAPK activation after stimulation of T cells with phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	251-264	MAP kinase kinase 4	Drosophila melanogaster	27-33
9723693-5	1998	Furthermore, expression of dMKK-4 inhibits Fas- but not phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced activation of SAPK, suggesting that a SAPK kinase different from MKK-4 is responsible for the regulation of SAPK activation after stimulation of T cells with phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	251-264	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	131-135
9723693-5	1998	Furthermore, expression of dMKK-4 inhibits Fas- but not phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced activation of SAPK, suggesting that a SAPK kinase different from MKK-4 is responsible for the regulation of SAPK activation after stimulation of T cells with phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	251-264	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4	Homo sapiens	28-33
9723693-5	1998	Furthermore, expression of dMKK-4 inhibits Fas- but not phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced activation of SAPK, suggesting that a SAPK kinase different from MKK-4 is responsible for the regulation of SAPK activation after stimulation of T cells with phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	251-264	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	131-135
9664047-5	1998	Treatments which perturb cortical actin in NRK cells, such as replating of cells after trypsinization or treatment with phorbol ester, resulted in the recruitment of endogenous ARF6 to the regions of cortical actin rearrangement.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	ADP ribosylation factor 6	Homo sapiens	177-181
9855686-1	1998	We have demonstrated previously that treatment of the phorbol ester PMA-primed THP-1 human macrophage-like cells with interferon-c (IFN-c) in vitro induced time and dose-dependent increases in steady-state levels of cathepsin B (CB) mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	216-227
9855686-1	1998	We have demonstrated previously that treatment of the phorbol ester PMA-primed THP-1 human macrophage-like cells with interferon-c (IFN-c) in vitro induced time and dose-dependent increases in steady-state levels of cathepsin B (CB) mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	229-231
9794724-9	1998	Furthermore, administration of phorbol ester induced expression of HSP70 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	67-72
9686583-4	1998	One of these, H32, was specific for L-selectin, as determined by 1) distribution of Ag H32 on lymphoid cells similar to Mel-14, an epitope of L-selectin; 2) shedding of 80-kDa molecules with epitope H32 from the surface of lymph node cells coincidentally with Mel-14, when stimulated with phorbol ester; 3) cross-inhibitory activities on Ag binding between H32 and Mel-14; and 4) reactivity of H32 with recombinant mouse L-selectin.	Phorbol Esters	289-302	histocompatibility 32	Mus musculus	14-17
9686583-4	1998	One of these, H32, was specific for L-selectin, as determined by 1) distribution of Ag H32 on lymphoid cells similar to Mel-14, an epitope of L-selectin; 2) shedding of 80-kDa molecules with epitope H32 from the surface of lymph node cells coincidentally with Mel-14, when stimulated with phorbol ester; 3) cross-inhibitory activities on Ag binding between H32 and Mel-14; and 4) reactivity of H32 with recombinant mouse L-selectin.	Phorbol Esters	289-302	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	36-46
9794724-10	1998	Administration of a PKC inhibitor, calphostin C, significantly prevented induction of increases in expression of HSP70 mRNA by a pressure overload and by exposure to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	113-118
9719443-2	1998	Levels of FGF-1 mRNA have been shown to be up-regulated by serum, phorbol esters, and combinations of growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
9668048-11	1998	Phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of PEPCK transcription was blocked by bisindole maleimide and by staurosporine, but insulin-mediated inhibition was unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	37-42
9680096-4	1998	The mRNAs for thymidine kinase and topoisomerase I decreased slightly and the mRNA for DNA polymerase-alpha by 30-40%, and then remained constant between days 1 to 3 of treatment with the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	188-201	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	87-107
9710256-0	1998	Ca2+ is released from the nuclear tubular structure into nucleoplasm in C6 glioma cells after stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
9710256-12	1998	Taken together, our results demonstrate that the nuclear tubule is a structural entity responsible for the release of Ca2+ into the nucleoplasm after stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	118-121
9744516-0	1998	Expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in HL-60 cells is differentially regulated during the process of differentiation induced by phorbol ester, retinoic acid or interferon-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	vitamin D receptor	Homo sapiens	14-32
9744516-0	1998	Expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in HL-60 cells is differentially regulated during the process of differentiation induced by phorbol ester, retinoic acid or interferon-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	vitamin D receptor	Homo sapiens	34-37
9671805-2	1998	The human trip cDNA was also cloned and its expression is induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	LRR binding FLII interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
9703960-2	1998	In this study, a PLD isoform (rPLD1) was shown to bind to PKC-alpha in Rat1 fibroblasts treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	phospholipase D1	Rattus norvegicus	30-35
9783911-9	1998	The secretion of GM-CSF was also increased by treatment of the cells with immune stimulators such as phorbol ester, interleukin-1 and lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	17-23
9710149-8	1998	We further demonstrate that 0.1-0.5 microM DMDTC inhibits intracellular IL-2 production and decreases surface expression of CD25 (the alpha subunit of the IL-2 receptor) in T cells stimulated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	124-128
9671751-2	1998	We have used stable transfection assays to show that activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway by low concentrations of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate (TPA) induces enhancer activity of the LCR subregion HS2, but not HS3.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	spectrin beta, erythrocytic	Homo sapiens	251-254
9671751-2	1998	We have used stable transfection assays to show that activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway by low concentrations of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate (TPA) induces enhancer activity of the LCR subregion HS2, but not HS3.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	spectrin alpha, erythrocytic 1	Homo sapiens	264-267
9665816-5	1998	A similar accumulation of Eps8 to membrane ruffles is observed in cells treated with phorbol esters, which also induce marked changes of the F-actin cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Homo sapiens	26-30
9783907-5	1998	GnRH-induced IPs desensitization was potentiated after direct activation of PKC by the phorbol ester TPA, suggesting the involvement of distinct mechanisms in the uncoupling exerted by either GnRH or TPA on GnRH-stimulated PI hydrolysis.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	0-4
9783907-5	1998	GnRH-induced IPs desensitization was potentiated after direct activation of PKC by the phorbol ester TPA, suggesting the involvement of distinct mechanisms in the uncoupling exerted by either GnRH or TPA on GnRH-stimulated PI hydrolysis.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	76-79
9674706-2	1998	Although the signaling mechanism by which PMA modulates u-PAR expression is not known, the effect of this phorbol ester on the expression of other genes has been ascribed to activation of the c-Raf-1-ERK signaling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	TNF receptor associated factor 3	Homo sapiens	192-199
9674706-8	1998	PMA up-regulated the c-Jun trans acting activity as indicated by the higher activity of a GAL4-regulated luciferase reporter in phorbol-ester-treated cells co-transfected with an expression vector encoding the c-Jun transactivation domain fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	21-26
9674706-8	1998	PMA up-regulated the c-Jun trans acting activity as indicated by the higher activity of a GAL4-regulated luciferase reporter in phorbol-ester-treated cells co-transfected with an expression vector encoding the c-Jun transactivation domain fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	galectin 4	Homo sapiens	90-94
9674706-8	1998	PMA up-regulated the c-Jun trans acting activity as indicated by the higher activity of a GAL4-regulated luciferase reporter in phorbol-ester-treated cells co-transfected with an expression vector encoding the c-Jun transactivation domain fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	210-215
9674706-8	1998	PMA up-regulated the c-Jun trans acting activity as indicated by the higher activity of a GAL4-regulated luciferase reporter in phorbol-ester-treated cells co-transfected with an expression vector encoding the c-Jun transactivation domain fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	galectin 4	Homo sapiens	252-256
9710149-8	1998	We further demonstrate that 0.1-0.5 microM DMDTC inhibits intracellular IL-2 production and decreases surface expression of CD25 (the alpha subunit of the IL-2 receptor) in T cells stimulated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	155-168
9639664-3	1998	Hydrolysis of PtdCho by phospholipase D (PLD) and resynthesis of PtdCho from labeled choline were stimulated 2- to 4-fold by PKC activation with the phorbol ester, 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (beta-TPA), in all cells except those from heterozygous X-ALD individuals.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	24-39
9665463-3	1998	Phorbol ester induced p21WAF1 expression, which was maximal at 4 to 8 h with reduction back to baseline by 24 to 48 h. In contrast, increasing the extracellular Ca2+ concentration from 70 micromol/L to 1.5 mmol/L resulted in upregulation of p21WAF1 expression with a slower time course, with peak induction at 18 to 24 h. No parallel increase in p53 expression was observed in normal human keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	346-349
9665463-4	1998	Up-regulation of p21WAF1 was also observed in response to phorbol ester in HaCaT cells, which carry homozygous and inactivating mutations for p53.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	142-145
9665463-6	1998	The results demonstrate a differential time course of p21WAF1 protein up-regulation in response to phorbol ester and Ca2+, signals that result in keratinocyte differentiation, and suggest that induction of p21WAF1 in differentiating human keratinocytes occurs through protein kinase C-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	299-302
9688999-6	1998	ET-1 secretion was augmented by the protein kinase C activator phorbol ester and by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), a cytokine implicated in the development of glomerulosclerosis.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9639664-3	1998	Hydrolysis of PtdCho by phospholipase D (PLD) and resynthesis of PtdCho from labeled choline were stimulated 2- to 4-fold by PKC activation with the phorbol ester, 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (beta-TPA), in all cells except those from heterozygous X-ALD individuals.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	41-44
9632842-3	1998	The activation of PKC with phorbol ester also resulted in the stimulation of NO synthesis in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
9645703-6	1998	Consistent with this, electrophoretic mobility shift assays performed using antibodies to a variety of cAMP and phorbol ester-responsive transcription factors indicate that the AP-1 family proteins jun-B and fos-B are present in the protein complex binding to the variant CRE.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	198-203
9645675-3	1998	PKC activity in tissue from hormone-treated and control female rats was measured, in the presence of phorbol ester and calcium, by quantifying 32p incorporation into a substrate peptide.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
9645703-6	1998	Consistent with this, electrophoretic mobility shift assays performed using antibodies to a variety of cAMP and phorbol ester-responsive transcription factors indicate that the AP-1 family proteins jun-B and fos-B are present in the protein complex binding to the variant CRE.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	FosB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	208-213
9665392-8	1998	An irritant response induced by chronic exposure of mouse skin to phorbol ester did not reveal any significant interferon-gamma or interleukin-4 response but was characterized by a tumor necrosis factor-alpha response that correlated with the inflammatory response.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	181-208
9657521-5	1998	Prolonged (48 h) incubation of ferret portal vein with phorbol esters completely down-regulated PKC-epsilon, as shown by Western blots, and abolished the phorbol ester-evoked contraction at submaximal Ca2+, but not Ca2+-independent, contractions induced by the phosphatase inhibitor microcystin.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	protein kinase C epsilon type	Mustela putorius furo	96-107
9657521-5	1998	Prolonged (48 h) incubation of ferret portal vein with phorbol esters completely down-regulated PKC-epsilon, as shown by Western blots, and abolished the phorbol ester-evoked contraction at submaximal Ca2+, but not Ca2+-independent, contractions induced by the phosphatase inhibitor microcystin.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	protein kinase C epsilon type	Mustela putorius furo	96-107
9701025-6	1998	Our data show that preincubation with anti-CD4 mAb, of the CD45RAbright/CD4+ naive and the CD45RObright/CD4+ memory human T cell populations, induces inhibition of both Erk-2 phosphorylation and Erk-2 activation by phorbol ester or anti-CD3 mAb.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	43-46
9701025-6	1998	Our data show that preincubation with anti-CD4 mAb, of the CD45RAbright/CD4+ naive and the CD45RObright/CD4+ memory human T cell populations, induces inhibition of both Erk-2 phosphorylation and Erk-2 activation by phorbol ester or anti-CD3 mAb.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	59-62
9701025-6	1998	Our data show that preincubation with anti-CD4 mAb, of the CD45RAbright/CD4+ naive and the CD45RObright/CD4+ memory human T cell populations, induces inhibition of both Erk-2 phosphorylation and Erk-2 activation by phorbol ester or anti-CD3 mAb.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	59-62
9701025-7	1998	In contrast, CD3 mediated JNK activation was inhibited in the memory but not in the naive CD4+ T cell population, whereas JNK activation by phorbol ester or phorbol esters plus Ca2+ ionophore was inhibited by anti-CD4 mAb in both T cell populations.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	122-125
9701025-7	1998	In contrast, CD3 mediated JNK activation was inhibited in the memory but not in the naive CD4+ T cell population, whereas JNK activation by phorbol ester or phorbol esters plus Ca2+ ionophore was inhibited by anti-CD4 mAb in both T cell populations.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	214-217
9701025-7	1998	In contrast, CD3 mediated JNK activation was inhibited in the memory but not in the naive CD4+ T cell population, whereas JNK activation by phorbol ester or phorbol esters plus Ca2+ ionophore was inhibited by anti-CD4 mAb in both T cell populations.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	122-125
9701025-7	1998	In contrast, CD3 mediated JNK activation was inhibited in the memory but not in the naive CD4+ T cell population, whereas JNK activation by phorbol ester or phorbol esters plus Ca2+ ionophore was inhibited by anti-CD4 mAb in both T cell populations.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	214-217
9686926-2	1998	We have previously shown that phorbol ester stimulated PKC beta1 and beta2 as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) stimulated PKC epsilon inhibit human insulin receptor (HIR) signalling.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	69-74
9686926-2	1998	We have previously shown that phorbol ester stimulated PKC beta1 and beta2 as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) stimulated PKC epsilon inhibit human insulin receptor (HIR) signalling.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	86-113
9686926-2	1998	We have previously shown that phorbol ester stimulated PKC beta1 and beta2 as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) stimulated PKC epsilon inhibit human insulin receptor (HIR) signalling.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	162-178
9655839-8	1998	We conclude that agonist-induced down-regulation of MDCK cell alpha-1B adrenoceptors is mimicked by a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester but that the second messenger kinases protein kinase C and Ca++/calmodulin protein kinase do not mediate agonist-induced down-regulation of the alpha-1B adrenoceptor.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Canis lupus familiaris	62-83
9697857-2	1998	We now demonstrate that Munc13-1 is a presynaptic high-affinity phorbol ester and diacylglycerol receptor with ligand affinities similar to those of protein kinase C. Munc13-1 associates with the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding and acts as a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of transmitter release when overexpressed presynaptically in the Xenopus neuromuscular junction.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	24-32
9658185-3	1998	This effect was not observed with phorbol esters that do not activate PKC and was blocked by bisindolylmaleimide, a specific PKC inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	125-128
9697857-2	1998	We now demonstrate that Munc13-1 is a presynaptic high-affinity phorbol ester and diacylglycerol receptor with ligand affinities similar to those of protein kinase C. Munc13-1 associates with the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding and acts as a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of transmitter release when overexpressed presynaptically in the Xenopus neuromuscular junction.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	167-175
9697857-2	1998	We now demonstrate that Munc13-1 is a presynaptic high-affinity phorbol ester and diacylglycerol receptor with ligand affinities similar to those of protein kinase C. Munc13-1 associates with the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding and acts as a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of transmitter release when overexpressed presynaptically in the Xenopus neuromuscular junction.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	24-32
9697857-2	1998	We now demonstrate that Munc13-1 is a presynaptic high-affinity phorbol ester and diacylglycerol receptor with ligand affinities similar to those of protein kinase C. Munc13-1 associates with the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding and acts as a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of transmitter release when overexpressed presynaptically in the Xenopus neuromuscular junction.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	167-175
9697857-2	1998	We now demonstrate that Munc13-1 is a presynaptic high-affinity phorbol ester and diacylglycerol receptor with ligand affinities similar to those of protein kinase C. Munc13-1 associates with the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding and acts as a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of transmitter release when overexpressed presynaptically in the Xenopus neuromuscular junction.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	24-32
9697857-2	1998	We now demonstrate that Munc13-1 is a presynaptic high-affinity phorbol ester and diacylglycerol receptor with ligand affinities similar to those of protein kinase C. Munc13-1 associates with the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding and acts as a phorbol ester-dependent enhancer of transmitter release when overexpressed presynaptically in the Xenopus neuromuscular junction.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	167-175
9636198-5	1998	PPARgamma mRNA expression was also induced in primary macrophages and THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	108-121	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	0-9
9649341-4	1998	Ro 09-2210 was also able to inhibit phorbol ester/ionomycin-induced activation of AP1 with IC50 = <10 nM.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	82-85
9636198-5	1998	PPARgamma mRNA expression was also induced in primary macrophages and THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	108-121	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	70-75
9662335-4	1998	The protein kinase C activator phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) also stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1; however, down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged exposure of cells to TPA did not affect LAP-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	signal-regulatory protein alpha	Mus musculus	133-139
9624115-0	1998	Survival by Mac-1-mediated adherence and anoikis in phorbol ester-treated HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	12-17
9614119-1	1998	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induces remarkable phenotypic changes in intestinal HT-29 M6 cells; these changes consist of loss of homotypic adhesion and inactivation of E-cadherin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	190-200
9642119-3	1998	Recent studies have shown that skin tumor promoters such as phorbol ester and ultraviolet B radiation activate EGFR in mouse skin as well as in cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	111-115
9662339-6	1998	When analysing the composition of the AP-1 complex in more detail and comparing ras-induced versus phorbol ester-induced changes, we found Fra-1 to be the major component induced in ras-transfected but not in phorbol-ester treated or non-treated parental SCLC cells.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	139-144
9662335-4	1998	The protein kinase C activator phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) also stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1; however, down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged exposure of cells to TPA did not affect LAP-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	signal-regulatory protein alpha	Mus musculus	279-285
9606192-2	1998	These signals, which can be replaced by the pharmacological agents phorbol ester (PMA) and Ca2+ ionophore, synergistically activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) JNK.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	176-179
9720764-2	1998	Vasopressin and phorbol ester activate PLD and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) mitogen-activated protein kinases in A7r5, a rat vascular smooth muscle cell line.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
9720764-2	1998	Vasopressin and phorbol ester activate PLD and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) mitogen-activated protein kinases in A7r5, a rat vascular smooth muscle cell line.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	52-97
9655511-4	1998	An elevated recruitment activity was observed at increased [Ca2+]i even when protein kinase C was blocked, but maximum effects could be obtained only after stimulation of PKC by phorbol esters or by prolonged elevations in [Ca2+]i.	Phorbol Esters	178-192	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	171-174
9741337-2	1998	We analysed IL-2 production in purified neonatal and adult T cells using polyclonal activator phorbol ester + calcium ionophore (PDBu + iono) or receptor-mediated anti-CD3/anti-CD3+ anti-CD28 stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	12-16
9678716-4	1998	This spontaneous TNF-alpha synthesis was enhanced by phorbol ester (PMA) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and decreased by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	17-26
10780880-7	1998	Finally, curcumin was tested for its ability to inhibit phorbol ester-stimulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA production.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	81-115
10780880-7	1998	Finally, curcumin was tested for its ability to inhibit phorbol ester-stimulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA production.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	117-121
9582369-5	1998	Besides TNF, phorbol ester-, okadaic acid-, ceramide-, and lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-kappaB was blocked by Mn-SOD, indicating a common pathway of activation.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	100-109
9593754-6	1998	In cells overexpressing Cdx1 or Cdx2, tumorigenicity and resistance to apoptosis induced by serum starvation, ceramide, or staurosporine were not changed compared with control cells; yet phorbol ester-stimulated cell migration was decreased by 50%.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	caudal type homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
9593754-6	1998	In cells overexpressing Cdx1 or Cdx2, tumorigenicity and resistance to apoptosis induced by serum starvation, ceramide, or staurosporine were not changed compared with control cells; yet phorbol ester-stimulated cell migration was decreased by 50%.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	caudal type homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
9593751-7	1998	HuT-78 cells were also resistant to NF-kappaB activation induced by phorbol ester, H2O2, ceramide, endotoxin, and interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	36-45
9582369-5	1998	Besides TNF, phorbol ester-, okadaic acid-, ceramide-, and lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-kappaB was blocked by Mn-SOD, indicating a common pathway of activation.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	125-131
9593849-0	1998	Phorbol ester stimulation of phosphatidylcholine synthesis requires expression of both protein kinase C-alpha and phospholipase D.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	114-129
9593858-5	1998	A role for PKC in ET-1-induced AA release is supported by the findings that the phorbol ester, PDBu, increased AA release by 96%, that prolonged treatment of the cells with PDBu resulted in the selective down regulation of PKCalpha and the complete inhibition of ET-1-induced AA release, and that pretreatment of the cells with staurosporine or RO 31-8220, PKC inhibitors, blocked the ET-1-induced AA release.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	11-14
9593858-5	1998	A role for PKC in ET-1-induced AA release is supported by the findings that the phorbol ester, PDBu, increased AA release by 96%, that prolonged treatment of the cells with PDBu resulted in the selective down regulation of PKCalpha and the complete inhibition of ET-1-induced AA release, and that pretreatment of the cells with staurosporine or RO 31-8220, PKC inhibitors, blocked the ET-1-induced AA release.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
9593858-5	1998	A role for PKC in ET-1-induced AA release is supported by the findings that the phorbol ester, PDBu, increased AA release by 96%, that prolonged treatment of the cells with PDBu resulted in the selective down regulation of PKCalpha and the complete inhibition of ET-1-induced AA release, and that pretreatment of the cells with staurosporine or RO 31-8220, PKC inhibitors, blocked the ET-1-induced AA release.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	223-231
9593858-5	1998	A role for PKC in ET-1-induced AA release is supported by the findings that the phorbol ester, PDBu, increased AA release by 96%, that prolonged treatment of the cells with PDBu resulted in the selective down regulation of PKCalpha and the complete inhibition of ET-1-induced AA release, and that pretreatment of the cells with staurosporine or RO 31-8220, PKC inhibitors, blocked the ET-1-induced AA release.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	223-226
9610769-1	1998	The mRNA encoding the human low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor is transiently stabilized after phorbol ester treatment of HepG2 cells and has been shown to associate with components of the cytoskeleton in this cell line (G. M. Wilson, E. A. Roberts, and R. G. Deeley, J.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	28-66
9610389-6	1998	Expression of p105/p130 in quiescent SMC and growth-stimulated SMC (respectively, in serum-free and serum or PDGF-BB containing culture conditions) was increased by forskolin and 8-Br-cyclic GMP, both anti-mitogenic substances, but was unaffected by phorbol ester, calcium ionophores, or calcium antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	cadherin 13	Homo sapiens	14-18
9610389-6	1998	Expression of p105/p130 in quiescent SMC and growth-stimulated SMC (respectively, in serum-free and serum or PDGF-BB containing culture conditions) was increased by forskolin and 8-Br-cyclic GMP, both anti-mitogenic substances, but was unaffected by phorbol ester, calcium ionophores, or calcium antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
9560329-9	1998	In addition, activation of progelatinase B by matrilysin was demonstrated in the conditioned medium of phorbol ester-treated HT1080 cells, confirming the results obtained in the in vitro experiments.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	matrix metallopeptidase 7	Homo sapiens	46-56
9636688-6	1998	The CD4 mAb inhibited the CD3-induced expression of the CD25 and CD69 activation markers on the T cell surface and suppressed CD40 ligand expression, but not that of CD25 and CD69, when their expression was induced by phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	4-7
9636688-6	1998	The CD4 mAb inhibited the CD3-induced expression of the CD25 and CD69 activation markers on the T cell surface and suppressed CD40 ligand expression, but not that of CD25 and CD69, when their expression was induced by phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	56-60
9636688-6	1998	The CD4 mAb inhibited the CD3-induced expression of the CD25 and CD69 activation markers on the T cell surface and suppressed CD40 ligand expression, but not that of CD25 and CD69, when their expression was induced by phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	65-69
9636688-6	1998	The CD4 mAb inhibited the CD3-induced expression of the CD25 and CD69 activation markers on the T cell surface and suppressed CD40 ligand expression, but not that of CD25 and CD69, when their expression was induced by phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	126-130
9787791-5	1998	Teleost conventional isoforms PKC alpha and PKC beta (82 kDa) completely translocated out of the cytosol in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	30-33
9787791-5	1998	Teleost conventional isoforms PKC alpha and PKC beta (82 kDa) completely translocated out of the cytosol in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	44-47
9581692-10	1998	Short-term stimulation of cells with an active phorbol ester also induced JNK activation in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	74-77
9581809-0	1998	IgA Fc receptor (CD89) activation enables coupling to syk and Btk tyrosine kinase pathways: differential signaling after IFN-gamma or phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	Fc alpha receptor	Homo sapiens	17-21
9581809-0	1998	IgA Fc receptor (CD89) activation enables coupling to syk and Btk tyrosine kinase pathways: differential signaling after IFN-gamma or phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-57
9581809-0	1998	IgA Fc receptor (CD89) activation enables coupling to syk and Btk tyrosine kinase pathways: differential signaling after IFN-gamma or phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	Bruton tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	62-65
9576480-0	1998	Differential expression of the Kell blood group and CD10 antigens: two related membrane metallopeptidases during differentiation of K562 cells by phorbol ester and hemin.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	52-56
9548562-0	1998	Extracellular calcium influx stimulates metalloproteinase cleavage and secretion of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor independently of protein kinase C. The phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), stimulates rapid proteolytic processing of the transmembrane, pro- form of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) at cell surfaces, suggesting the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the HB-EGF secretion mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	84-122
9572295-5	1998	The activation of PLD by [Pro9]SP was sensitive to external calcium and required an active protein kinase C because the inhibition of this kinase (Ro 31-8220) or its down-regulation (long-term treatment with a phorbol ester) abolished the response.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	18-21
9545284-6	1998	Moreover, in Jurkat cells, ectopically expressed ICER represses transcription from NFAT-mediated, phorbol ester/ionophore-activated IL-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoters.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	49-53
9573531-2	1998	The promoter regions of certain ECM genes contain TPA (phorbol ester)-responsive element (TRE) motifs that bind the transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1), a complex of Jun and other phosphoproteins.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	138-157
9573531-2	1998	The promoter regions of certain ECM genes contain TPA (phorbol ester)-responsive element (TRE) motifs that bind the transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1), a complex of Jun and other phosphoproteins.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	159-163
9705077-0	1998	Parathyroid hormone responses of cyclic AMP-, serum- and phorbol ester-responsive reporter genes in osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-19
9705077-2	1998	Regulation by PTH of the expression of three distinct, stably transfected luciferase reporter genes responsive to cAMP (CRE-luc), serum (SRE-luc) and phorbol ester (TRE-luc) has been studied in rat osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
9545283-0	1998	Activation of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase by phorbol ester requires the phosphorylation of p47PHOX on serine 303 or 304.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	91-98
9548940-6	1998	In addition, phorbol ester-induced elevation of PKC-delta mRNA and protein levels can be prevented by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X, an indication of the requirement for PKC kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	48-57
9548940-6	1998	In addition, phorbol ester-induced elevation of PKC-delta mRNA and protein levels can be prevented by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X, an indication of the requirement for PKC kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	48-51
9548940-6	1998	In addition, phorbol ester-induced elevation of PKC-delta mRNA and protein levels can be prevented by the PKC inhibitor GF109203X, an indication of the requirement for PKC kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	106-109
9545260-0	1998	The phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF4E in response to phorbol esters, cell stresses, and cytokines is mediated by distinct MAP kinase pathways.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	52-57
9545260-3	1998	eIF4E phosphorylation is enhanced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	0-5
9545284-6	1998	Moreover, in Jurkat cells, ectopically expressed ICER represses transcription from NFAT-mediated, phorbol ester/ionophore-activated IL-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoters.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
9545284-6	1998	Moreover, in Jurkat cells, ectopically expressed ICER represses transcription from NFAT-mediated, phorbol ester/ionophore-activated IL-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoters.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	138-219
9525905-4	1998	We show that various antioxidants potently inhibited the transcriptional activation of CD95L following T cell receptor ligation or stimulation of cells with phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	87-92
9526007-4	1998	In many cell lines and rodent primary neuron cultures, phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) increases the release of the secreted large N-terminal fragment of amyloid precursor protein (sAPP) and decreases Abeta release (; ; ).	Phorbol Esters	55-68	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	173-198
9535292-8	1998	Hypothalamic cell cultures incubated with cAMP or phorbol esters show a rise in TRH mRNA levels; dexamethasone produces a further increase at short incubation times.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	80-83
9582012-1	1998	Phorbol ester treatment of MCF-7 cells led to the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of PKC delta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	93-102
9512498-5	1998	Furthermore, rabbit MMP-13 is expressed simultaneously with MMP-1 in chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts in response to the cytokines interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, or the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	collagenase 3	Oryctolagus cuniculus	20-26
9512498-5	1998	Furthermore, rabbit MMP-13 is expressed simultaneously with MMP-1 in chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts in response to the cytokines interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, or the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	interstitial collagenase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	20-25
9563852-0	1998	Human annexin 1 is highly expressed during the differentiation of the epithelial cell line A 549: involvement of nuclear factor interleukin 6 in phorbol ester induction of annexin 1.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	6-15
9558069-0	1998	Phorbol esters induce differentiation of human CD34+ hemopoietic progenitors to dendritic cells: evidence for protein kinase C-mediated signaling.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	47-51
9558069-2	1998	We have found that the phorbol ester PMA by itself induced 47% +/- 8.7% of input human CD34+ hemopoietic progenitors to differentiate into cells with morphology and surface Ag phenotype characteristic of DC by day 7 of culture.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	87-91
9558069-7	1998	These findings suggest that phorbol esters activate protein kinase C, which then initiates the terminal component of an intracellular signaling pathway(s) involved in the DC differentiation of CD34+ hemopoietic progenitors.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	193-197
9537243-1	1998	Protein kinase C (PKC) represents the major, high-affinity receptor for the phorbol esters as well as for a series of structurally diverse natural products.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	18-21
9537243-2	1998	The phorbol esters function by binding to the tandem C1a and C1b domains in PKC, leading to enzyme activation.	Phorbol Esters	4-18	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	76-79
9537243-3	1998	Although the typical phorbol esters represent the paradigm for tumor promoters in mouse skin, it is now clear that different high affinity ligands for PKC have distinct biological effects.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	151-154
9563852-0	1998	Human annexin 1 is highly expressed during the differentiation of the epithelial cell line A 549: involvement of nuclear factor interleukin 6 in phorbol ester induction of annexin 1.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	172-181
9570152-3	1998	Mutations in the AP-1-binding site (PAI-1 A box) or the HLTF-binding site (the B box), which reduced the basal and phorbol ester-induced levels of PAI-1 expression in human cells, also decreased the transcriptional activity in S. pombe.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
9570152-3	1998	Mutations in the AP-1-binding site (PAI-1 A box) or the HLTF-binding site (the B box), which reduced the basal and phorbol ester-induced levels of PAI-1 expression in human cells, also decreased the transcriptional activity in S. pombe.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	147-152
9528982-8	1998	This effect of PTH, which required cell to cell contact between MS1 and spleen cells, was mimicked by coadministration of cAMP analog and phorbol ester but only partially by either agent alone.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	parathyroid hormone	Mus musculus	15-18
9528982-8	1998	This effect of PTH, which required cell to cell contact between MS1 and spleen cells, was mimicked by coadministration of cAMP analog and phorbol ester but only partially by either agent alone.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	muscle size 1	Mus musculus	64-67
9528983-6	1998	Nevertheless, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (50 ng/ml) does activate MAPK in the IM-9 cell, and immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies indicates that this activation occurs through c-Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	TNF receptor associated factor 3	Homo sapiens	207-214
9547352-12	1998	These data indicate that stimulation of PKC alpha, PKC epsilon, or both by active phorbol esters represents an efficacious pathway activating the human NOS III promoter in human endothelium.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	40-49
9628324-0	1998	Rat yolk sac explants as a system for studying the regulation of endodermal genes: down-regulation of the alpha-fetoprotein gene by dexamethasone and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	106-123
9628324-9	1998	Dexamethasone and phorbol ester (TPA) specifically reduced the AFP mRNA level without affecting that of DBP.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
9547352-12	1998	These data indicate that stimulation of PKC alpha, PKC epsilon, or both by active phorbol esters represents an efficacious pathway activating the human NOS III promoter in human endothelium.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	51-62
9574917-3	1998	Although [3H]thymidine uptake and expression of CD25 by normal human T lymphocytes stimulated with a phorbol ester were markedly reduced by T. cruzi or TIF, translocation of cytosolic protein kinase C (PKC) to the cell membrane was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	48-52
9547352-12	1998	These data indicate that stimulation of PKC alpha, PKC epsilon, or both by active phorbol esters represents an efficacious pathway activating the human NOS III promoter in human endothelium.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	152-159
9516439-0	1998	Specific inhibition of phorbol ester-stimulated phospholipase D by Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin and Clostridium difficile toxin B-1470 in HEK-293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	48-63
9571986-9	1998	We further demonstrate that 1 microM HQ inhibits intracellular IL-2 production in T cells stimulated with phorbol ester but does not alter surface expression of CD25 (the alpha-subunit of the IL-2 receptor).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	63-67
9520374-2	1998	The toxic action of rotenone is attributed to inhibition of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity and the purported cancer chemopreventive effect of deguelin analogs has been associated with inhibition of phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	229-252
9516439-13	1998	In conclusion, the data presented indicate that TcdB-1470 and TcsL selectively interfere with phorbol ester stimulation of PLD and suggest an essential role of Ral proteins in PKC signaling to PLD in HEK-293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	123-126
9516483-4	1998	Ectopic expression of KSR inhibited the activation of ERK MAP kinase by insulin, phorbol ester, or activated alleles of Ras, Raf, and mitogen and extracellular-regulated kinase.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	kinase suppressor of ras 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
9516483-4	1998	Ectopic expression of KSR inhibited the activation of ERK MAP kinase by insulin, phorbol ester, or activated alleles of Ras, Raf, and mitogen and extracellular-regulated kinase.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
9516474-8	1998	Collectively, these data suggest that activation of cPLA2 and attendant AA release by phorbol esters in WISH cells requires prior generation of DAG by phosphatidate phosphohydrolase.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	52-57
9520374-2	1998	The toxic action of rotenone is attributed to inhibition of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity and the purported cancer chemopreventive effect of deguelin analogs has been associated with inhibition of phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	254-257
9561801-0	1998	Phorbol esters down-regulate alpha-fetoprotein gene expression without affecting growth in fetal hepatocytes in primary culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	alpha fetoprotein	Homo sapiens	29-46
9535726-0	1998	Estrogen inhibits phorbol ester-induced I kappa B alpha transcription and protein degradation.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	40-55
9535726-8	1998	Our results show that E2 treatment almost completely inhibits phorbol ester-induced I kappa B alpha protein degradation.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	84-99
9535726-9	1998	In addition, E2 inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated I kappa B alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	50-65
9535736-0	1998	Involvement of Mac-1-mediated adherence and sphingosine 1-phosphate in survival of phorbol ester-treated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	15-20
9535736-2	1998	Here we have shown that the plastic adherence of phorbol ester-treated U937 cells is mediated by expression of integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on the cell surface and that these adherent cells exhibit anoikis (apoptosis when adherent cells are detached or adherence is inhibited).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	120-125
9535736-2	1998	Here we have shown that the plastic adherence of phorbol ester-treated U937 cells is mediated by expression of integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on the cell surface and that these adherent cells exhibit anoikis (apoptosis when adherent cells are detached or adherence is inhibited).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	127-132
9535736-2	1998	Here we have shown that the plastic adherence of phorbol ester-treated U937 cells is mediated by expression of integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on the cell surface and that these adherent cells exhibit anoikis (apoptosis when adherent cells are detached or adherence is inhibited).	Phorbol Esters	49-62	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	133-137
9561801-1	1998	The effects of phorbol esters (phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, PDB) on alpha-fetoprotein expression and cell growth were assayed by using fetal hepatocytes in primary culture.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	alpha fetoprotein	Homo sapiens	65-82
9507013-8	1998	Protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha and -betaII, but not PKC-gamma, -delta, -epsilon, or -zeta, activated rPLD1 in a manner that was stimulated by phorbol ester but did not require ATP.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-28
9734941-5	1998	The part played by protein kinase C (PKC) signalling was examined by down-regulation with phorbol ester and with the inhibitors Goe 6976 and staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	37-40
9529156-0	1998	Role of cytoplasmic tail of the type 1A angiotensin II receptor in agonist- and phorbol ester-induced desensitization.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	type-1A angiotensin II receptor	Cricetulus griseus	32-63
9507013-8	1998	Protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha and -betaII, but not PKC-gamma, -delta, -epsilon, or -zeta, activated rPLD1 in a manner that was stimulated by phorbol ester but did not require ATP.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	phospholipase D1	Rattus norvegicus	99-104
9514932-2	1998	The mutant rPLD1 with deletion of the first 50 amino acids responded to the phorbol ester, however, rPLD1 with deletions of 115 amino acids or more did not.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	phospholipase D1	Rattus norvegicus	11-16
9650640-4	1998	We report that c-fos is induced in these cells by both protein kinase C- (PKC-) dependent (phorbol ester, platelet-derived growth factor), and independent (serum, ionomycin) mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-20
9524250-0	1998	Gap junction Cx26 gene modulation by phorbol esters in benign and malignant human mammary cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	gap junction protein beta 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
9524250-2	1998	This study investigated the molecular mechanism of transcriptional up-regulation of Cx26 by phorbol ester (TPA) in human immortalized MCF-10 mammary epithelial cells and MDA-MB-231 mammary cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	gap junction protein beta 2	Homo sapiens	84-88
9515796-2	1998	We made the surprising observation that, in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (UM-SCC-1), phorbol ester-enhanced MMP-9 secretion and in vitro invasiveness were associated with a strong activation of the p38 MAPK and its downstream target, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J	Homo sapiens	90-95
9650640-7	1998	Together with a similar half life of the transcript whether accumulated in response Cd2+ or induced by phorbol ester, this suggests induction of c-fos by Cd2+ rather than an effect of Cd2+ on transcript stability.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	145-150
9515796-2	1998	We made the surprising observation that, in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (UM-SCC-1), phorbol ester-enhanced MMP-9 secretion and in vitro invasiveness were associated with a strong activation of the p38 MAPK and its downstream target, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	121-126
9515796-2	1998	We made the surprising observation that, in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (UM-SCC-1), phorbol ester-enhanced MMP-9 secretion and in vitro invasiveness were associated with a strong activation of the p38 MAPK and its downstream target, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	211-214
9515796-2	1998	We made the surprising observation that, in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (UM-SCC-1), phorbol ester-enhanced MMP-9 secretion and in vitro invasiveness were associated with a strong activation of the p38 MAPK and its downstream target, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	MAPK activated protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	247-278
9501955-6	1998	Phorbol ester-stimulated IL-6 levels were also higher in supernatants from bone marrow and spleen cell cultures from orchiectomized mice compared with unoperated or sham-operated mice.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	25-29
9482877-4	1998	Phorbol ester, a potent activator of PKC, significantly inhibited the accumulation of p53 after DNA damage.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	86-89
9530111-5	1998	Activation of p42mapk in HUVEC was also observed in response to TNF-alpha or to the protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	118-131	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-21
9530116-5	1998	Phorbol esters also increased NHE1 promoter-directed transcription, whereas the serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine inhibited this stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member 1	Mus musculus	30-34
9497312-3	1998	However, because humans with defective AQP1 are phenotypically normal and because the ocular application of phorbol esters reduce intraocular pressure, we postulated that the water channel activity of AQP4 may be regulated by these agents.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	aquaporin 4	Homo sapiens	201-205
9495244-3	1998	Modulation of PKC activity by treatment with a phorbol ester (TPA), drastically increased the invasiveness of 2 estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) lines (MCF7 and ZR 75.1), whereas it markedly decreased the invasiveness of 2 ER- cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
9615719-5	1998	By Northern analysis, COX-2 mRNA was induced by EGF and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	22-27
9615723-3	1998	One glioma-derived cell line, U105MG, which does not express significant amounts of OPN mRNA, could be induced dose-dependently by the tumor-promoting and PKC-activating phorbol ester, TPA, to over-express OPN mRNA in a PKC-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	206-209
9531337-7	1998	Phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, also inhibited TPO binding to the c-Mpl receptors by reducing the number of these receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	thrombopoietin	Homo sapiens	64-67
9531337-7	1998	Phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, also inhibited TPO binding to the c-Mpl receptors by reducing the number of these receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	MPL proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin receptor	Homo sapiens	83-88
9492011-9	1998	Thyroid hormone and phorbol ester increased AM and ET-1 secretion but to a lesser extent.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
9596483-7	1998	Bryostatin 1 caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the phorbol ester-potentiated IL-1beta response.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	81-89
9607141-0	1998	Potentiation of insulin-induced phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase activity by phorbol ester is mediated by protein kinase C epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	insulin	Homo sapiens	16-23
9607141-0	1998	Potentiation of insulin-induced phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase activity by phorbol ester is mediated by protein kinase C epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	103-127
9502620-6	1998	When K562 cells were specifically differentiated into megakaryocytic lineage by phorbol ester, the amounts of bcl-x increased by 10-fold.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	110-115
9502620-9	1998	Moreover, phorbol ester-induced megakaryocytic differentiation was facilitated by the overexpression of bcl-x in K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	104-109
9640246-6	1998	T-cell proliferation mediated through CD6/CD28 was only partially blocked by the immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A (CsA), whereas anti-CD28-induced T-cell proliferation in the presence of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), was unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	139-143
9498773-6	1998	NFATc mRNA was present at low levels in all subsets but strongly induced upon treatment with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	nuclear factor of activated T cells 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
9486988-5	1998	Treatment of SW620 colon cells with sulfasalazine inhibited TNFalpha-, LPS-, or phorbol ester- induced NF-kappaB activation.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	103-112
9537651-3	1998	Of these sites, PEA3 and STAT contributed specifically to induction by v-src, whereas the remaining elements were also involved in induction by the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	ETS variant transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	16-20
9500516-10	1998	C2D macrophages also secreted significantly more IL-10 and less NO and O2- after lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester stimulation in vitro than wild-type macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	secretoglobin, family 2B, member 26	Mus musculus	0-3
9468516-7	1998	Interestingly, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), known to activate protein kinase C, also enhanced incorporation of [32P]orthophosphate into TTF-1 protein; however, the DNA binding activity of TTF-1 was decreased in nuclear extracts of TPA-treated type II cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	homeobox protein Nkx-2.1	Papio anubis	169-174
12014111-0	1998	[Study on the mechanism of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) release induced by phorbol ester PMA].	Phorbol Esters	84-97	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	27-57
12014111-0	1998	[Study on the mechanism of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) release induced by phorbol ester PMA].	Phorbol Esters	84-97	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	59-63
9511724-8	1998	Long-term treatment with either the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or bryostatin 1 inhibited levels of Dsg1 and Dsg3, but not Dsg2 in NHEKs and HaCaT cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	desmoglein 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
9511724-8	1998	Long-term treatment with either the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or bryostatin 1 inhibited levels of Dsg1 and Dsg3, but not Dsg2 in NHEKs and HaCaT cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	desmoglein 3	Homo sapiens	138-142
9468516-7	1998	Interestingly, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), known to activate protein kinase C, also enhanced incorporation of [32P]orthophosphate into TTF-1 protein; however, the DNA binding activity of TTF-1 was decreased in nuclear extracts of TPA-treated type II cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	homeobox protein Nkx-2.1	Papio anubis	221-226
9480828-0	1998	CD45 and Src-related protein tyrosine kinases regulate the T cell response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	0-4
9469459-6	1998	Although previously shown to inhibit IL-4 secretion, the phorbol ester PMA was a potent stimulus for IL-13 generation from basophils, and this secretion was sensitive to the protein kinase C inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	101-106
9461566-8	1998	Assaying ERK5 activity in immune complexes with one of these substrates, c-Myc, we determined that the ERK5 catalytic domain is activated by V12 H-Ras and to a lesser extent by phorbol ester but not by constitutively active mutants of Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Homo sapiens	9-13
9461566-8	1998	Assaying ERK5 activity in immune complexes with one of these substrates, c-Myc, we determined that the ERK5 catalytic domain is activated by V12 H-Ras and to a lesser extent by phorbol ester but not by constitutively active mutants of Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	73-78
9461566-8	1998	Assaying ERK5 activity in immune complexes with one of these substrates, c-Myc, we determined that the ERK5 catalytic domain is activated by V12 H-Ras and to a lesser extent by phorbol ester but not by constitutively active mutants of Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	mitogen-activated protein kinase 7	Homo sapiens	103-107
9461566-8	1998	Assaying ERK5 activity in immune complexes with one of these substrates, c-Myc, we determined that the ERK5 catalytic domain is activated by V12 H-Ras and to a lesser extent by phorbol ester but not by constitutively active mutants of Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	235-240
9461531-0	1998	Roles for interleukin-1beta, phorbol ester and a post-transcriptional regulator in the control of bradykinin B1 receptor gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	bradykinin receptor B1	Homo sapiens	98-120
9480828-0	1998	CD45 and Src-related protein tyrosine kinases regulate the T cell response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	9-12
9456311-2	1998	In vitro studies have shown that Cys-domains from several protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and a number of other signaling proteins bind lipid membranes in the presence of diacylglycerol or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	76-79
9506836-9	1998	These results demonstrate that the PKC-gamma Cys-2 domain beside being the binding site for phorbol ester/DAG and phosphatidylserine binds also other proteins.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	35-44
9506849-0	1998	Heparin inhibits phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	39-62
9456311-7	1998	Addition of a smaller and more hydrophilic phorbol ester, phorbol dibuterate (PDBu), localized Cys1-GFP preferentially to the plasma and nuclear membranes.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cystin 1	Homo sapiens	95-99
9452507-10	1998	Translational inhibition by vasopressin, but not by Ca2+-mobilizing drugs, was both preventable and reversible by treatment with phorbol ester, which reduced the extent of Ca2+ mobilization occurring in response to the hormone.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	28-39
9481485-6	1998	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a PKC-activating phorbol ester, significantly stimulated IL-6 secretion.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	101-105
9486215-2	1998	The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibit expression of surfactant-associated proteins A and B (SP-A and SP-B), both important for normal surfactant function.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	197-201
9486215-2	1998	The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibit expression of surfactant-associated proteins A and B (SP-A and SP-B), both important for normal surfactant function.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	206-210
9466818-0	1998	Induction of the human CYP1A2 enhancer by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 2	Homo sapiens	23-29
9466823-5	1998	Furthermore, PKC down-regulation (through preincubation with phorbol esters) also affected only baseline NF-kappa B DNA binding but not H2O2-stimulated NF-kappa B activation.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	105-115
9486854-7	1998	Phorbol esters stimulated alpha-adducin phosphorylation to a greater extent in primary cells than in oncogene-altered cells, possibly because of the already high basal levels of phosphorylation in those cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	adducin 1	Homo sapiens	26-39
9519716-7	1998	Leptin (50 ng/ml) significantly inhibited insulin secretion induced by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) in the presence of Ca2+ but not in the absence of Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	leptin	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
9510544-6	1998	Although PKC activity is clearly inducible in vitro by diacylglycerol and a tumour promoting phorbol ester, structural features detected in the regulatory domains of HvPKC1a and 1b indicate that endogenous activators for Hydra PKC might differ from those of other organisms.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	9-12
9473343-2	1998	VEGF is regulated by multiple factors such as hypoxia, phorbol esters, and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
9570576-6	1998	Upon activation with phorbol esters the amount of cell surface-expressed CXCR4 on lymphocytes increases twofold within 30 s before it is completely down-regulated within the next 2 min.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	73-78
9514538-6	1998	RESULTS: 1) Phorbol ester down-regulated cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mRNA expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner through a post-transcriptional mechanism with concomitant inhibition of stimulated chloride efflux.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	41-92
9514538-7	1998	2) Phorbol ester also activated protein kinase C as indicated by the cytosol-to-membrane translocation of both protein kinase C alpha and epsilon the two major protein kinase C isotypes expressed by BC1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	111-133
9514538-8	1998	3) Further, maximal down-regulation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mRNA by the phorbol ester was inhibited by H7 and by GF 109203X, two known protein kinase C inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	43-94
9514538-9	1998	CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide the first evidence for phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mRNA expression in a human liver epithelial cell line and point to a role for the classical protein kinase C alpha and the novel protein kinase C epsilon in this process.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	100-151
9514538-9	1998	CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide the first evidence for phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator mRNA expression in a human liver epithelial cell line and point to a role for the classical protein kinase C alpha and the novel protein kinase C epsilon in this process.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	244-266
9473010-4	1998	Tat10-biotin inhibited tat gene-induced expression of a stably transfected chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene linked to the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in a model cell assay, but did not inhibit phorbol ester-induced expression of CAT, thereby demonstrating a Tat-dependent mechanism of inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	220-233	Tat	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	23-26
9473010-4	1998	Tat10-biotin inhibited tat gene-induced expression of a stably transfected chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene linked to the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in a model cell assay, but did not inhibit phorbol ester-induced expression of CAT, thereby demonstrating a Tat-dependent mechanism of inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	220-233	Tat	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	0-3
9463479-1	1998	We have demonstrated previously that protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) plays a key role in regulating phospholipase D (PLD) activation by nucleotides and the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK-D1) cells.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	protein kinase C alpha	Canis lupus familiaris	37-58
9447980-1	1998	Treatment of cells with tumor-promoting phorbol esters results in the activation but then depletion of phorbol ester-responsive protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
9447980-1	1998	Treatment of cells with tumor-promoting phorbol esters results in the activation but then depletion of phorbol ester-responsive protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
9490022-6	1998	In addition, we found that stimulation of U937 cells with phorbol ester leads to phosphorylation of D4/LyGDI.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	103-108
9521482-3	1998	In immunoblot assays phorbol ester treatment enhanced membrane-associated immunoreactivity of PKCalpha, PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to a similar extent in all three cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	94-102
9521482-3	1998	In immunoblot assays phorbol ester treatment enhanced membrane-associated immunoreactivity of PKCalpha, PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to a similar extent in all three cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	104-112
9521482-3	1998	In immunoblot assays phorbol ester treatment enhanced membrane-associated immunoreactivity of PKCalpha, PKCdelta and PKCepsilon to a similar extent in all three cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	117-127
9464244-4	1998	Pretreatment with phorbol ester, IL-1 beta, or IFN-gamma increased the level of G-CSF, GM-CSF, and M-CSF in KU-19-19 CM.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	80-85
9464244-4	1998	Pretreatment with phorbol ester, IL-1 beta, or IFN-gamma increased the level of G-CSF, GM-CSF, and M-CSF in KU-19-19 CM.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-93
9464244-4	1998	Pretreatment with phorbol ester, IL-1 beta, or IFN-gamma increased the level of G-CSF, GM-CSF, and M-CSF in KU-19-19 CM.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
9694514-12	1998	These included the recognition sequence for the nuclear transcription factor SP1 and the phorbol ester response sequence which binds the Fos/Jun heteromeric transcription factor AP1.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	137-140
9694514-12	1998	These included the recognition sequence for the nuclear transcription factor SP1 and the phorbol ester response sequence which binds the Fos/Jun heteromeric transcription factor AP1.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	178-181
9430659-3	1998	Here we show that SLs prevented the activation of NF-kappa B by different stimuli such as phorbol esters, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, ligation of the T-cell receptor, and hydrogen peroxide in various cell types.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	50-60
9442085-5	1998	Whereas Rack1-WD5/7 binds integrins constitutively, the association of full-length Rack1 to integrins in vivo requires a treatment with phorbol esters, which promotes cell spreading and adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	8-13
9486481-4	1998	Moreover Go-6976 treatment completely abolished the effect of phorbol-esters mediated PKC stimulation on sAPP release, suggesting that PKC alpha is the only PKC isoform involved in controlling the secretion of sAPP in human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	86-89
9439623-2	1998	We demonstrate here that ceramide promotes the down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in phorbol ester-stimulated murine polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Phorbol Esters	101-114	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	84-87
9439623-3	1998	As reported previously, treatment of PMNs with phorbol ester caused a translocation of PKC from the cytosolic to the membrane fractions.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	87-90
9439623-4	1998	When PMNs were pretreated with cell-permeable ceramide analogue, C2-ceramide, the membrane-associated PKC activity was rapidly down-regulated by phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	102-105
9468299-7	1998	Suramin-activated PKCmu behaves like that activated by phosphatidylserine and the phorbol ester TPA regarding autophosphorylation and differential inhibition by the PKC inhibitors Go 6976 and Go 6983.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	18-23
9468299-7	1998	Suramin-activated PKCmu behaves like that activated by phosphatidylserine and the phorbol ester TPA regarding autophosphorylation and differential inhibition by the PKC inhibitors Go 6976 and Go 6983.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	18-21
9486481-4	1998	Moreover Go-6976 treatment completely abolished the effect of phorbol-esters mediated PKC stimulation on sAPP release, suggesting that PKC alpha is the only PKC isoform involved in controlling the secretion of sAPP in human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	135-144
9486481-4	1998	Moreover Go-6976 treatment completely abolished the effect of phorbol-esters mediated PKC stimulation on sAPP release, suggesting that PKC alpha is the only PKC isoform involved in controlling the secretion of sAPP in human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	135-138
9568064-0	1998	Phorbol ester induces differentiation of a human prostatic cancer cell line TSU-Pr1 into cells with characteristics of microglia.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transmembrane protein 37	Homo sapiens	80-83
9417049-4	1998	The half-life of c-fos mRNA is the same whether it accumulates following 4 h of treatment with Cd2+ or is induced transiently by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	17-22
9458800-4	1998	Phorbol ester-stimulated alveolar epithelial cells secrete a soluble factor that causes a time- and dose-dependent repression of lung fibroblast tropoelastin mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	elastin	Homo sapiens	145-157
9568064-2	1998	Among these agents, the phorbol ester, TPA, almost completely suppressed cell proliferation at the concentration of 10(-8) M, and induced remarkable morphologic changes yielding cells with the microglial feature of an ameboid and/or ramified shape.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	39-42
9526092-10	1998	It was suggested that LPC may prolong the effect of the direct activators of PKC (such as 1,2-diacylglycerol or phorbol esters).	Phorbol Esters	112-126	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	77-80
9455873-4	1998	IL-4 and IL-5 mRNAs were induced by an antigen that is used to cross-link receptor bound IgE, by calcium ionophore, or by ionophore with phorbol ester and were markedly inhibited by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
9699011-0	1998	Effect of phorbol ester (PMA) on antioxidant enzyme expression in TGF-beta 1-induced apoptosis in primary cultures of hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	66-76
9489621-12	1998	6 The phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate at 25 degrees C produced a transient contraction of the rat prostatic vas deferens, maximum response (10(-5) M) 48+/-4%, compared with the maximum tonic response to noradrenaline.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	115-118
9473629-0	1998	NGF, cyclic AMP, and phorbol esters regulate oxytocin receptor gene transcription in SK-N-SH and MCF7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	oxytocin receptor	Homo sapiens	45-62
9473629-9	1998	These studies have identified a novel region of the rat OTR promoter containing elements which impart cAMP and/or phorbol ester inducibility of OTR gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	oxytocin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
9473629-9	1998	These studies have identified a novel region of the rat OTR promoter containing elements which impart cAMP and/or phorbol ester inducibility of OTR gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	oxytocin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	144-147
9797013-4	1998	Removal of fetal calf serum (FCS) from the culture medium or addition of forskolin or phorbol ester (TPA) also induced rapid elevation of aromatase mRNA and switching to exon 1c, whereas TGFbeta almost abolished the expression, suggesting that cancer cells might secret forskolin- or TPA-like stimulatory factors, or consume TGFbeta-like inhibitory factors in serum for expression of aromatase mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	138-147
9797013-4	1998	Removal of fetal calf serum (FCS) from the culture medium or addition of forskolin or phorbol ester (TPA) also induced rapid elevation of aromatase mRNA and switching to exon 1c, whereas TGFbeta almost abolished the expression, suggesting that cancer cells might secret forskolin- or TPA-like stimulatory factors, or consume TGFbeta-like inhibitory factors in serum for expression of aromatase mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	384-393
9515165-5	1998	Moreover, the PKC-activating phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) caused an increase in PDE-4 activity, similar to that observed in cells challenged with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies and which was not additive with cochallenge using anti-CD3 antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	176-179
9515165-5	1998	Moreover, the PKC-activating phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) caused an increase in PDE-4 activity, similar to that observed in cells challenged with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies and which was not additive with cochallenge using anti-CD3 antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	257-260
9472686-13	1998	A subset of porcine B cells up-regulates CD5 expression following phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	CD5 molecule	Sus scrofa	41-44
9455873-4	1998	IL-4 and IL-5 mRNAs were induced by an antigen that is used to cross-link receptor bound IgE, by calcium ionophore, or by ionophore with phorbol ester and were markedly inhibited by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	interleukin 5	Rattus norvegicus	9-13
9455873-5	1998	In cells activated with ionophore and phorbol ester, 10(-6) M dexamethasone reduced the IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA levels to only 12.8 and 5.7%, respectively, of those in cells without dexamethasone, and 10(-9) M dexamethasone caused reductions to 27 and 56%, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	88-92
9455873-5	1998	In cells activated with ionophore and phorbol ester, 10(-6) M dexamethasone reduced the IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA levels to only 12.8 and 5.7%, respectively, of those in cells without dexamethasone, and 10(-9) M dexamethasone caused reductions to 27 and 56%, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	interleukin 5	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
9533826-6	1998	Phorbol esters (PMA), activators of PKC, also raised the immunoreactive levels of ET-1 and Big ET-1 while, staurosporine, a PKC inhibitor (20 nm), decreased ET-1 levels in TNF-alpha-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
9533826-6	1998	Phorbol esters (PMA), activators of PKC, also raised the immunoreactive levels of ET-1 and Big ET-1 while, staurosporine, a PKC inhibitor (20 nm), decreased ET-1 levels in TNF-alpha-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	172-181
9533826-6	1998	Phorbol esters (PMA), activators of PKC, also raised the immunoreactive levels of ET-1 and Big ET-1 while, staurosporine, a PKC inhibitor (20 nm), decreased ET-1 levels in TNF-alpha-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	82-99
9436787-5	1998	Similarly, the phorbol ester-enhanced process extension and increased MMP-9 activity were both inhibited by calphostin C, a selective PKC inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	70-75
9681295-0	1998	Progesterone receptor synthesis in human meningiomas: relation to the estrogen-induced proteins pS2 and cathepsin-D and influence of epidermal growth factor, Forskolin and phorbol ester in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	0-21
10729774-5	1998	A role for matrix metalloproteinases in degradation was shown by: (1) stimulation by the phorbol ester TPA of PC3-induced matrix degradation and release of matrix metalloproteinase activity; (2) abrogation of matrix degradation by 1,10-phenanthroline, a metalloproteinase inhibitor, and (3) degradation of purified type I collagen by PC3 cells and their conditioned medium.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Homo sapiens	334-337
9561442-4	1998	COX-1 induction by a phorbol ester was demonstrated along with differentiation of human megakaryoblastic cells CMK to megakaryocytes.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	0-5
10729774-5	1998	A role for matrix metalloproteinases in degradation was shown by: (1) stimulation by the phorbol ester TPA of PC3-induced matrix degradation and release of matrix metalloproteinase activity; (2) abrogation of matrix degradation by 1,10-phenanthroline, a metalloproteinase inhibitor, and (3) degradation of purified type I collagen by PC3 cells and their conditioned medium.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
9440082-12	1998	Phorbol ester induction of c-fos mRNA in the absence of raised cytosolic or nuclear calcium was also suppressed by BAPTA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
9510064-6	1997	Using a recently developed transfection technique, we demonstrate that in primary human lymphocytes, stimulation of a 548 bp IL-2 promoter-luciferase reporter construct by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore is reversed by dexamethasone to a similar extent as in Jurkat T lymphoma cells transfected with a GRalpha expression vector.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	125-129
9709308-4	1998	The HHV-8 vIL-6, vDHFR, vTS, and vBcl-2 proteins have all been shown to be active in a variety of appropriate functional assays, and transcripts from vIL-6, vMIP-1B, vIE1-A, vIE1-B, and vDHFR genes are all expressed as abundant single messenger RNA species after butyrate or phorbol ester (TPA) induction of the lytic cycle in HHV8-positive BCBL cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	K2	Human gammaherpesvirus 8	10-15
9709308-4	1998	The HHV-8 vIL-6, vDHFR, vTS, and vBcl-2 proteins have all been shown to be active in a variety of appropriate functional assays, and transcripts from vIL-6, vMIP-1B, vIE1-A, vIE1-B, and vDHFR genes are all expressed as abundant single messenger RNA species after butyrate or phorbol ester (TPA) induction of the lytic cycle in HHV8-positive BCBL cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	ORF16	Human gammaherpesvirus 8	33-39
9491924-0	1998	The naturally occurring PKC inhibitor sphingosine and tumor promoter phorbol ester potentially induce tyrosine phosphorylation/activation of oncogenic proline-directed protein kinase FA/GSK-3alpha in a common signalling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	24-27
9491924-0	1998	The naturally occurring PKC inhibitor sphingosine and tumor promoter phorbol ester potentially induce tyrosine phosphorylation/activation of oncogenic proline-directed protein kinase FA/GSK-3alpha in a common signalling pathway.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	186-196
9491924-1	1998	When serum-starved A431 cells were treated with 200 nM phorbol ester TPA for 15 min, the cellular activity of protein kinase FA/glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha (kinase FA/GSK-3alpha) could be decreased to approximately 25% of control.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	69-72
9491924-1	1998	When serum-starved A431 cells were treated with 200 nM phorbol ester TPA for 15 min, the cellular activity of protein kinase FA/glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha (kinase FA/GSK-3alpha) could be decreased to approximately 25% of control.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	128-159
9491924-1	1998	When serum-starved A431 cells were treated with 200 nM phorbol ester TPA for 15 min, the cellular activity of protein kinase FA/glycogen synthase kinase-3alpha (kinase FA/GSK-3alpha) could be decreased to approximately 25% of control.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	171-181
9585124-7	1998	This stimulatory effect of ETs was suppressed by calphostin C, a protein kinase C inhibitor, and pretreatment with phorbol ester enhanced LPS-induced iNOS expression.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
9616751-0	1997	Phorbol ester-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression is inhibited by retinoids.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-52
9595399-5	1998	hy 926 cells with phorbol ester and found a greater than threefold increase in ECE-1 beta mRNA at 12-24 h of stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	endothelin converting enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	79-84
9585082-0	1998	1Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and phorbol ester mediate the expression of alkaline phosphatase in NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	alkaline phosphatase, placental	Homo sapiens	74-94
9718078-1	1998	Some investigators have reported previously that phorbol esters inhibit in vitro erythropoietin production stimulated by hypoxia; whereas others have reported that phorbol esters enhanced Epo production during exposure to hypoxia.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	81-95
9718078-1	1998	Some investigators have reported previously that phorbol esters inhibit in vitro erythropoietin production stimulated by hypoxia; whereas others have reported that phorbol esters enhanced Epo production during exposure to hypoxia.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	188-191
9778689-0	1998	Activation of the LRP (lung resistance-related protein) gene by short-term exposure of human leukemia cells to phorbol ester and cytarabine.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	major vault protein	Homo sapiens	18-21
9778689-0	1998	Activation of the LRP (lung resistance-related protein) gene by short-term exposure of human leukemia cells to phorbol ester and cytarabine.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	major vault protein	Homo sapiens	23-54
9778693-3	1998	In comparison, phorbol ester stimulated the HTS silencer and blocked IL-10"s effects in a dose-dependent, orientation- and position-independent fashion, suggesting that HTS is a true silencer element.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	69-74
9550389-7	1997	Phorbol ester plus ionomycin also induced long-term growth when combined with anti-CD28 stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	83-87
9425264-0	1997	Induction of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in human megakaryocytic cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	27-51
9390997-3	1997	In the present investigation, we provide evidence that MEK is critically involved in regulating APP processing by both nerve growth factor and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	55-58
9390997-5	1997	Moreover, PD 98059 inhibited phorbol ester stimulation of APPs production and activation of ERK in both human embryonic kidney cells and cortical neurons.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	58-62
9390997-5	1997	Moreover, PD 98059 inhibited phorbol ester stimulation of APPs production and activation of ERK in both human embryonic kidney cells and cortical neurons.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
9390997-6	1997	Furthermore, overexpression of a kinase-inactive MEK mutant inhibited phorbol ester stimulation of APP secretion and activation of ERK in human embryonic kidney cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	49-52
9390997-7	1997	Most important, PD 98059 antagonized phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of Abeta secretion from cells overexpressing human APP695 carrying the "Swedish mutation."	Phorbol Esters	37-50	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	74-79
9434740-3	1997	We investigated the contribution of the individual transcription factors by using antioxidants and metal chelators to modulate MnSOD transcriptional activation in response to phorbol esters or hydrogen peroxide.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	127-132
9438519-8	1997	Furthermore, phorbol esters, which have been shown to increase the CYP2E1 level in this cell line, increased TFA adduct formation.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1	Homo sapiens	67-73
9403712-10	1997	Phorbol ester, interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, and ultraviolet B (UVB) treatment all led to substantial down-regulation of KGFR expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibroblast growth factor receptor 2	Homo sapiens	124-128
9428793-8	1997	In cells that have been preincubated to lower mRNA levels, there is a transient increase in G0S2 mRNA, peaking between 1-2 h, in response to Concanavalin-A (ConA), or to the combination of phorbol ester (TPA), and the calcium ionophore, ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	G0/G1 switch 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
9435679-6	1997	cPLA2 activity stimulated by phorbol ester [phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)] displayed a similar degree of activation and was associated with an increase in serine phosphorylation identical to that caused by BK.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	cytosolic phospholipase A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-5
9408252-0	1997	Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production by human amnion: regulation by cytokines, growth factors, glucocorticoids, phorbol esters, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-18
9428738-0	1997	Signalling through either the p38 or ERK mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is obligatory for phorbol ester and T cell receptor complex (TCR-CD3)-stimulated phosphorylation of initiation factor (eIF) 4E in Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	30-33
9428738-0	1997	Signalling through either the p38 or ERK mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is obligatory for phorbol ester and T cell receptor complex (TCR-CD3)-stimulated phosphorylation of initiation factor (eIF) 4E in Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
9428738-0	1997	Signalling through either the p38 or ERK mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is obligatory for phorbol ester and T cell receptor complex (TCR-CD3)-stimulated phosphorylation of initiation factor (eIF) 4E in Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	207-214
9428738-5	1997	In these studies, I show that activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester, stimulation via the T cell receptor complex with the monoclonal antibody OKT3 and cellular stresses increase the phosphorylation of eIF4E in Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	213-218
9429910-2	1997	We investigated in human monocytes the expression and subcellular distribution of hsp70 and hsc70 after HS and inflammation-related stresses leading to generation of reactive oxygen species by these cells, such as the phorbol ester PMA and erythrophagocytosis (E phi).	Phorbol Esters	218-231	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	82-87
9464820-5	1997	The combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin selectively restores the generation of CD4+ CD8- TCR(high) cells, consistent with previous results.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	86-89
9464820-5	1997	The combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin selectively restores the generation of CD4+ CD8- TCR(high) cells, consistent with previous results.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	91-94
9464820-5	1997	The combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin selectively restores the generation of CD4+ CD8- TCR(high) cells, consistent with previous results.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	96-99
9361026-2	1997	A transient expression assay using a luciferase reporter gene linked to the 2.5 kb 5" upstream region of the human TGase 1 gene (TGM1) showed phorbol ester-responsive promoter activity in cultured normal human keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	115-122
9361026-2	1997	A transient expression assay using a luciferase reporter gene linked to the 2.5 kb 5" upstream region of the human TGase 1 gene (TGM1) showed phorbol ester-responsive promoter activity in cultured normal human keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
9361026-6	1997	Furthermore, topical application of a phorbol ester to adult tail skin enhanced expression of the transgene as well as TGase 1 mRNA in the epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	119-126
9464820-7	1997	Interestingly, the signals generated by pertussis toxin, which increase Notch expression, can dominate the signals by phorbol ester and ionomycin, steering thymocyte development to CD8 lineage.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	181-184
9453265-5	1997	The agonist-induced internalization of AT1a and AT1b receptors was not inhibited by the PKC inhibitor staurosporine, nor mimicked by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
9429910-2	1997	We investigated in human monocytes the expression and subcellular distribution of hsp70 and hsc70 after HS and inflammation-related stresses leading to generation of reactive oxygen species by these cells, such as the phorbol ester PMA and erythrophagocytosis (E phi).	Phorbol Esters	218-231	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8	Homo sapiens	92-97
9492192-1	1997	Purified leukaemic CD5+ B cells obtained from patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) undergo activation and differentiation following in vitro stimulation with optimal concentrations of the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-22
9402139-17	1997	Phorbol ester stimulation of IGFBP-1 expression can supersede the effects of insulin in vitro;however, the mechanism and in vivo correlates of this effect have not been determined.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin like growth factor binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	29-36
9375654-12	1997	Furthermore, the mTAUT activity was not inhibited by the inactive phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate but was inhibited significantly by the active phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which was both concentration and time dependent.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, taurine), member 6	Mus musculus	17-22
9375654-12	1997	Furthermore, the mTAUT activity was not inhibited by the inactive phorbol ester 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate but was inhibited significantly by the active phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which was both concentration and time dependent.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, taurine), member 6	Mus musculus	17-22
9453463-4	1997	Migration induced by either LPA or thrombin was inhibited by the actin cytoskeleton-disrupting agent, cytochalasin B, by the Rho protein-inactivating Clostridium difficile toxin B, by preventing [Ca2+]i transients with an intracellular calcium-chelating agent, and by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which also blocked the LPA- and thrombin-induced [Ca2+]i increases.	Phorbol Esters	272-285	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	35-43
9498574-5	1997	Pretreatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or phorbol ester (TPA), which increases the Mn-SOD level, prevented the apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	90-96
9548474-6	1997	In contrast, cross-linking of CD47 in the presence of CD28 mAb or phorbol ester induces vigorous T cell proliferation that is sensitive to cyclosporin A.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	CD47 molecule	Homo sapiens	30-34
9548474-7	1997	Cross-linking, but not immobilization, of the CD47 mAb 1/1A4 is an essential requirement for the CD28- or phorbol ester-dependent induction of T cell mitogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	CD47 molecule	Homo sapiens	46-50
9468014-2	1997	In the gonadotroph-derived alphaT3-1 cell line, PACAP acts via PVR1 receptors to stimulate adenylyl cyclase and phosphoinositidase C. PACAP-stimulated cAMP accumulation is inhibited by protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters in these cells and the current work was undertaken primarily to establish whether it is also subject to homologous regulation.	Phorbol Esters	213-227	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	48-53
9468014-2	1997	In the gonadotroph-derived alphaT3-1 cell line, PACAP acts via PVR1 receptors to stimulate adenylyl cyclase and phosphoinositidase C. PACAP-stimulated cAMP accumulation is inhibited by protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters in these cells and the current work was undertaken primarily to establish whether it is also subject to homologous regulation.	Phorbol Esters	213-227	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	134-139
9402139-17	1997	Phorbol ester stimulation of IGFBP-1 expression can supersede the effects of insulin in vitro;however, the mechanism and in vivo correlates of this effect have not been determined.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	77-84
9398059-9	1997	Phorbol ester-stimulated PKC activity in these cells was decreased by between 57% and 96% compared to wild-type A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	25-28
9374492-8	1997	As sanguinarine also inhibited NF-kappaB activation induced by interleukin-1, phorbol ester, and okadaic acid but not that activated by hydrogen peroxide or ceramide, the pathway leading to NF-kappaB activation is likely different for different inducers.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	31-40
9473143-5	1997	Pretreatment with either endothelin-3 or phorbol ester enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).	Phorbol Esters	41-54	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	105-132
9473143-5	1997	Pretreatment with either endothelin-3 or phorbol ester enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).	Phorbol Esters	41-54	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	134-143
9353340-7	1997	Phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the Ser394 and Ser400 as well as GRK2-mediated phosphorylation of the Ser404, Ser408, and Ser410, resulted in the desensitization of alpha1BAR-mediated inositol phosphate response.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	74-78
9414129-0	1997	c-Rel and p65 subunits bind to an upstream NF-kappaB site in human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor promoter involved in phorbol ester response in 5637 cells.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	0-5
9414129-0	1997	c-Rel and p65 subunits bind to an upstream NF-kappaB site in human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor promoter involved in phorbol ester response in 5637 cells.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	10-13
9414129-0	1997	c-Rel and p65 subunits bind to an upstream NF-kappaB site in human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor promoter involved in phorbol ester response in 5637 cells.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	67-115
9388498-1	1997	The macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor, c-fms, is induced by IL-2 in monocytes and is suppressed by LPS, LPS plus IFN-gamma, phorbol esters, and colony stimulating factor in monocytes/macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Mus musculus	51-56
9388498-1	1997	The macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor, c-fms, is induced by IL-2 in monocytes and is suppressed by LPS, LPS plus IFN-gamma, phorbol esters, and colony stimulating factor in monocytes/macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	72-76
9353279-5	1997	When CMK cells were differentiated to megakaryocytes with phorbol ester along with induction of cyclooxygenase-1, the PGD synthase activity increased about 2-fold for 2 days and then decreased.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	118-121
9353279-6	1997	In another human megakaryoblastic cell line, Dami, the PGD synthase increased about 10-fold by the addition of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	55-58
9368076-0	1997	The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21cip1 mediates the growth inhibitory effect of phorbol esters in human venous endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	38-45
9439808-5	1997	In this study we used the SK-N-AS human neuroblastoma cell line as a model system to study LRP expression during cellular differentiation induced by phorbol esters, retinoic acid and interferon gamma.	Phorbol Esters	149-163	LDL receptor related protein 1	Homo sapiens	91-94
9353334-3	1997	Oligonucleotide primers for bile salt-stimulated cholesterol esterase yielded positive reactions with RNA isolated from human peripheral blood monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, the human monocytic THP-1 cells, and phorbol ester-induced THP-1 macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	49-69
9353339-1	1997	Activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) family with phorbol esters induces endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, but which of the events that constitute angiogenesis are affected by individual members of the PKC family is unknown.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	protein kinase C, theta	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
9353340-1	1997	Catecholamines as well as phorbol esters can induce the phosphorylation and desensitization of the alpha1B-adrenergic receptor (alpha1BAR).	Phorbol Esters	26-40	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	99-126
9353340-1	1997	Catecholamines as well as phorbol esters can induce the phosphorylation and desensitization of the alpha1B-adrenergic receptor (alpha1BAR).	Phorbol Esters	26-40	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	128-137
9353340-2	1997	In this study, phosphoamino acid analysis of the phosphorylated alpha1BAR revealed that both epinephrine- and phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation predominantly occurs at serine residues of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	64-73
9353340-7	1997	Phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the Ser394 and Ser400 as well as GRK2-mediated phosphorylation of the Ser404, Ser408, and Ser410, resulted in the desensitization of alpha1BAR-mediated inositol phosphate response.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	174-183
9348282-7	1997	CXCR4 was internalized through coated pits and coated vesicles and subsequently localized in endosomal compartments from where it could recycle to the cell surface after removal of the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
9395070-5	1997	The PI-3 kinase inhibitor, wortmannin, inhibits the phorbol ester-stimulated release of ethanolamine- but not choline-metabolites from C6 cells suggesting that different PLD isoforms regulate the turnover of PtdEth and PtdCho in C6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	170-173
9395070-0	1997	Ro31-8220 inhibits protein kinase C to block the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells: p70 S6 kinase and MAPKAP kinase-1beta do not function downstream of PKC in activating PLD.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	19-35
9395070-0	1997	Ro31-8220 inhibits protein kinase C to block the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells: p70 S6 kinase and MAPKAP kinase-1beta do not function downstream of PKC in activating PLD.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	213-216
9395070-0	1997	Ro31-8220 inhibits protein kinase C to block the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells: p70 S6 kinase and MAPKAP kinase-1beta do not function downstream of PKC in activating PLD.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	231-234
9348282-0	1997	Phorbol esters and SDF-1 induce rapid endocytosis and down modulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	96-101
9348282-4	1997	To understand the mechanism of this inhibition, we used a monoclonal antibody that is specific for CXCR4 to analyze the effects of phorbol esters and SDF-1 on surface expression of CXCR4.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	181-186
9348282-6	1997	Addition of phorbol esters increased this endocytosis rate >6-fold and reduced cell surface CXCR4 expression by 60 to 90% over 120 min.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	95-100
9395070-3	1997	Here we show that the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells due to phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase D (PLD) is not inhibited by rapamycin or PD98059, specific inhibitors respectively of p70 S6 kinase and MAPKK (MEK) and thus of MAPKAP kinase-1beta but is still completely blocked by Ro31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	151-166
9374631-9	1997	The effect of CCK in activating Rafs was at least partially mimicked by stimulation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
9395070-3	1997	Here we show that the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells due to phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase D (PLD) is not inhibited by rapamycin or PD98059, specific inhibitors respectively of p70 S6 kinase and MAPKK (MEK) and thus of MAPKAP kinase-1beta but is still completely blocked by Ro31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	168-171
9395070-3	1997	Here we show that the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells due to phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase D (PLD) is not inhibited by rapamycin or PD98059, specific inhibitors respectively of p70 S6 kinase and MAPKK (MEK) and thus of MAPKAP kinase-1beta but is still completely blocked by Ro31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	276-279
9395070-3	1997	Here we show that the phorbol ester-stimulated release of choline- and ethanolamine-metabolites from C6 glioma cells due to phospholipid hydrolysis by phospholipase D (PLD) is not inhibited by rapamycin or PD98059, specific inhibitors respectively of p70 S6 kinase and MAPKK (MEK) and thus of MAPKAP kinase-1beta but is still completely blocked by Ro31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A3	Homo sapiens	293-312
9366465-4	1997	Using a human neuroblastoma cell line, the authors tested the hypothesis that phorbol ester activation of PKC regulates MuOR mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	106-109
9401546-4	1997	Other effects of GH on the immune system appear to be direct, such as priming monocytes for enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide in response to phorbol esters, and stimulating neutrophils to secrete superoxide anions associated with enhanced phagocytic activity.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	17-19
9374109-7	1997	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, significantly increased MMP-9 in AM from healthy control subjects but not in those from untreated asthmatics.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	117-122
9345026-0	1997	Complex regulation of CDK2 during phorbol ester-induced hematopoietic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
9401769-0	1997	Effects of dexamethasone and phorbol ester on P2 receptor-coupled Ca2+ signalling and lipocortin 1 presentation in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	86-98
9401769-9	1997	Differentiation of cells with 1 nM phorbol ester (PMA) for 24 h resulted in a 2.4 fold increase in the cell surface level of LC1 and inhibition of the ATP-induced Ca2+ response.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	125-128
9427517-0	1997	A protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester enhances transcription of the human DBH gene through a cyclic AMP response element in SK-N-BE(2)C cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	80-83
9395309-7	1997	In transformed cells, ERK and JNK activities could be stimulated fourfold and ninefold by phorbol ester and ultraviolet-light treatment, respectively, indicating that only a fraction of these enzymes were constitutively activated in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
9395309-7	1997	In transformed cells, ERK and JNK activities could be stimulated fourfold and ninefold by phorbol ester and ultraviolet-light treatment, respectively, indicating that only a fraction of these enzymes were constitutively activated in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
9359732-6	1997	Phorbol ester and ionomycin activation also resulted in a CNI-1493 -induced inhibition of TNF-alpha in monocytes but resistant production of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma by T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	90-99
9568534-1	1997	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradeonyl phorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induce a time-dependent biphasic effect on protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated events by fostering translocation of cytosolic (latent) PKC to the plasma membrane (where it is activated).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	108-124
9568534-1	1997	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradeonyl phorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induce a time-dependent biphasic effect on protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated events by fostering translocation of cytosolic (latent) PKC to the plasma membrane (where it is activated).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	126-129
9568534-1	1997	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradeonyl phorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induce a time-dependent biphasic effect on protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated events by fostering translocation of cytosolic (latent) PKC to the plasma membrane (where it is activated).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	196-199
9418190-1	1997	Rat T lymphoblasts arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle by interleukin-2 (IL-2) deprivation can be forced to proceed to the S phase when they are stimulated with IL-2 or the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu).	Phorbol Esters	180-193	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	65-78
9418190-1	1997	Rat T lymphoblasts arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle by interleukin-2 (IL-2) deprivation can be forced to proceed to the S phase when they are stimulated with IL-2 or the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu).	Phorbol Esters	180-193	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
12386374-0	1997	Human DNA Polymerase-beta Promoter: Phorbol Ester Activation Is Mediated through the cAMP Response Element and cAMP-Response-Element-Binding Protein.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	6-25
12386374-1	1997	That mammalian DNA polymerase-beta (beta-pol) gene transcription is upregulated by activated ras and also by phorbol ester (TPA) treatment suggests the involvement of protein kinase C in the gene expression control for this DNA repair enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	15-34
9359732-6	1997	Phorbol ester and ionomycin activation also resulted in a CNI-1493 -induced inhibition of TNF-alpha in monocytes but resistant production of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma by T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	141-150
9379034-8	1997	In dog BR mastocytoma cells incubated with phorbol ester, high steady state levels of alpha-chymase mRNA drop dramatically with little change in tryptase mRNA, whereas dexamethasone decreases expression of both mRNAs.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	chymase 1	Canis lupus familiaris	86-99
9359732-6	1997	Phorbol ester and ionomycin activation also resulted in a CNI-1493 -induced inhibition of TNF-alpha in monocytes but resistant production of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma by T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	152-156
9379034-8	1997	In dog BR mastocytoma cells incubated with phorbol ester, high steady state levels of alpha-chymase mRNA drop dramatically with little change in tryptase mRNA, whereas dexamethasone decreases expression of both mRNAs.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	tryptase	Canis lupus familiaris	145-153
9359732-6	1997	Phorbol ester and ionomycin activation also resulted in a CNI-1493 -induced inhibition of TNF-alpha in monocytes but resistant production of TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma by T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	162-171
9389316-8	1997	The effect on CD97 surface expression of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), is different in PBL and Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5	Homo sapiens	14-18
9392422-0	1997	Phorbol ester-induced low density lipoprotein receptor gene expression in HepG2 cells involves protein kinase C-mediated p42/44 MAP kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	22-54
9392422-0	1997	Phorbol ester-induced low density lipoprotein receptor gene expression in HepG2 cells involves protein kinase C-mediated p42/44 MAP kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	121-124
9392422-1	1997	The signaling pathway involved in low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene expression induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was investigated in the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	34-72
9349525-4	1997	PC1 gene expression is activated by phorbol ester, and PC2 by the same inducers as those of NT expression.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
9349535-0	1997	Phorbol ester and calcium regulation of corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor 1 expression in a neuronal cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1	Mus musculus	40-82
9341183-2	1997	Basal alpha1b-adrenoreceptor phosphorylation was markedly increased by endothelin-1, norepinephrine, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Rattus norvegicus	6-28
9406848-6	1997	Increased CRH promoter activity following phorbol ester treatment was inhibited by a dominant negative NF-IL6 mutant, showing that the effects of phorbol ester were principally mediated by C/EBP.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	corticotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	10-13
9406848-6	1997	Increased CRH promoter activity following phorbol ester treatment was inhibited by a dominant negative NF-IL6 mutant, showing that the effects of phorbol ester were principally mediated by C/EBP.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta	Homo sapiens	103-109
9406848-6	1997	Increased CRH promoter activity following phorbol ester treatment was inhibited by a dominant negative NF-IL6 mutant, showing that the effects of phorbol ester were principally mediated by C/EBP.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	189-194
9406848-6	1997	Increased CRH promoter activity following phorbol ester treatment was inhibited by a dominant negative NF-IL6 mutant, showing that the effects of phorbol ester were principally mediated by C/EBP.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	corticotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	10-13
9406848-6	1997	Increased CRH promoter activity following phorbol ester treatment was inhibited by a dominant negative NF-IL6 mutant, showing that the effects of phorbol ester were principally mediated by C/EBP.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta	Homo sapiens	103-109
9406848-6	1997	Increased CRH promoter activity following phorbol ester treatment was inhibited by a dominant negative NF-IL6 mutant, showing that the effects of phorbol ester were principally mediated by C/EBP.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	189-194
9342371-6	1997	001), returning to the baseline by 24 h. Stretch-induced VPF secretion was partially prevented both by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor H7 (50 microM: 72% inhibition, P < 0.05) and by pretreatment with phorbol ester (phorbol-12-myristate-13 acetate 10(-)7 M: 77% inhibition, P < 0.05).	Phorbol Esters	209-222	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	57-60
9334263-9	1997	Stimulation of cells with phorbol ester resulted in a loss of 125I-NRG-beta1 binding and in a reduction of total cell-associated HER4 protein in HER4 JM-a transfectants but not in HER4 JM-b transfectants.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	129-133
9334263-9	1997	Stimulation of cells with phorbol ester resulted in a loss of 125I-NRG-beta1 binding and in a reduction of total cell-associated HER4 protein in HER4 JM-a transfectants but not in HER4 JM-b transfectants.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	145-149
9334263-9	1997	Stimulation of cells with phorbol ester resulted in a loss of 125I-NRG-beta1 binding and in a reduction of total cell-associated HER4 protein in HER4 JM-a transfectants but not in HER4 JM-b transfectants.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	145-149
9344589-4	1997	RXR-alpha mRNA was present in untreated U937 cells, and levels increased after induction of differentiation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	retinoid X receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	0-9
9365239-4	1997	We show that Eps8 is expressed at low levels in resting fibroblasts, but its expression is strongly induced during activation by serum, phorbol esters and the v-src oncogene.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8	Mus musculus	13-17
9378985-4	1997	Moreover, transendothelial chemotaxis of lymphoblastoid SLA transfectants was abolished by truncation of the beta 2 cytoplasmic domain, but not by mutation of its TTT motif, which is important in phorbol ester-induced adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	196-209	Src like adaptor	Homo sapiens	56-59
9353133-0	1997	P-glycoprotein-independent decrease in drug accumulation by phorbol ester treatment of tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
9352014-0	1997	Regulation of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production in an amnion-derived cell line by cytokines, growth factors, glucocorticoids, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	135-149	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	14-32
9352014-0	1997	Regulation of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production in an amnion-derived cell line by cytokines, growth factors, glucocorticoids, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	135-149	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	37-41
9353133-2	1997	Phorbol ester (PMA), added to stimulate phosphorylation of P-gp by protein kinase C (PKC), caused a decrease in the cellular accumulation of DNR and VP-16, both in multidrug-resistant (MDR) P-gp-overexpressing cells and in wild-type cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
9353133-2	1997	Phorbol ester (PMA), added to stimulate phosphorylation of P-gp by protein kinase C (PKC), caused a decrease in the cellular accumulation of DNR and VP-16, both in multidrug-resistant (MDR) P-gp-overexpressing cells and in wild-type cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	host cell factor C1	Homo sapiens	149-154
9353133-2	1997	Phorbol ester (PMA), added to stimulate phosphorylation of P-gp by protein kinase C (PKC), caused a decrease in the cellular accumulation of DNR and VP-16, both in multidrug-resistant (MDR) P-gp-overexpressing cells and in wild-type cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	190-194
9342186-7	1997	The generality of this finding was confirmed by the induction of Bcl-xL in human myeloid U-937 cells, human peripheral blood monocytes exposed to phorbol ester, and mouse thioglycollate-activated and resident peritoneal macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	65-71
9375956-6	1997	Low levels of COX-2 and FLAP mRNA were expressed in undifferentiated THP-1 cells, but were induced upon differentiation of the cells along the monocytic pathway by treatment with phorbol ester (TPA, 5 nM).	Phorbol Esters	179-192	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein	Homo sapiens	24-28
9363758-1	1997	A prolonged cell exposure of all examined cell types to tumour-promoting phorbol esters leads to a substantial inactivation and degradation of protein kinase C (PKC), a phenomenon known as down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	143-159
9314839-6	1997	ERK1/2 activation in response to phorbol esters and platelet-derived growth factor were not significantly affected by KN-93, whereas the response to angiotensin II and thrombin were attenuated by 60% and 40%, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
9363758-1	1997	A prolonged cell exposure of all examined cell types to tumour-promoting phorbol esters leads to a substantial inactivation and degradation of protein kinase C (PKC), a phenomenon known as down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
9363758-2	1997	With a combination of one- and two-dimensional immunoblot analyses we have previously shown the existence in PC12 cells of distinct PKC-alpha forms that differentially respond to cell treatment with phorbol ester [Gatti, A.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	132-141
9363758-8	1997	The exposure of PC12 cells to okadaic acid, a potent inhibitor of biologically relevant protein phosphatases, was found to partially protect PKC-alpha against phorbol-ester-mediated down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	141-150
9333129-4	1997	In baby hamster kidney cells transfected with the human CT receptor, phosphorylation of the receptor increased approximately 2.5-fold after cells were treated with calcitonin, phorbol ester, forskolin, or calcitonin plus phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	calcitonin receptor	Homo sapiens	56-67
9421167-9	1997	The phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate mimicked and blocked the effects of substance P, supporting the role of protein kinase C in the spike modulation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	79-90
9333129-4	1997	In baby hamster kidney cells transfected with the human CT receptor, phosphorylation of the receptor increased approximately 2.5-fold after cells were treated with calcitonin, phorbol ester, forskolin, or calcitonin plus phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	calcitonin receptor	Homo sapiens	56-67
9359473-2	1997	We have examined the effects of calcium on phorbol ester- and cAMP-induced P450scc, 3 beta-HSD-1 and 17 beta-HSD-1 mRNAs in human JEG-3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	75-82
9336344-4	1997	We then investigated pathways located downstream of PKC and focused on the Raf1/MEK1,2/Erk1,2 cascade known to be preferentially activated by PKC activators such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	165-179	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	75-79
9336344-4	1997	We then investigated pathways located downstream of PKC and focused on the Raf1/MEK1,2/Erk1,2 cascade known to be preferentially activated by PKC activators such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	165-179	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Mus musculus	80-86
9336344-4	1997	We then investigated pathways located downstream of PKC and focused on the Raf1/MEK1,2/Erk1,2 cascade known to be preferentially activated by PKC activators such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	165-179	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	87-93
9350056-2	1997	SSeCKS associates with and controls the elaboration of a cortical cytoskeletal matrix in response to phorbol esters [2], and overexpression of SSeCKS causes growth arrest of untransformed NIH3T3 cells [3].	Phorbol Esters	101-115	A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein (gravin) 12	Mus musculus	0-6
9359473-2	1997	We have examined the effects of calcium on phorbol ester- and cAMP-induced P450scc, 3 beta-HSD-1 and 17 beta-HSD-1 mRNAs in human JEG-3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	101-114
9326362-6	1997	These data suggest that phorbol esters and distinct thymic peptides can modulate the expression of the cell surface antigen CD15.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	fucosyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	124-128
9305900-0	1997	Molecular cloning and functional expression of a phorbol ester-inducible 8S-lipoxygenase from mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	73-88
9305900-1	1997	One of the effects of topical application of phorbol ester to mouse skin is the induction of an 8S-lipoxygenase in association with the inflammatory response.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	96-111
9305900-7	1997	Phorbol ester treatment of mouse skin is associated with strong induction of 8S-lipoxygenase mRNA and protein.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	77-92
9378547-6	1997	In contrast, incubation of U937 cells with phorbol ester was associated with progressive down-regulation of c-myc protein.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	108-113
9305900-9	1997	Immunohistochemical analysis of phorbol ester-treated mouse skin showed the strongest reaction to 8S-lipoxygenase in the differentiated epidermal layer, the stratum granulosum.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	98-113
9295346-1	1997	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by phorbol esters via protein kinase C in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	0-16
9295346-1	1997	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is activated by phorbol esters via protein kinase C in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	18-21
9298128-3	1997	Since protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes are activated by phorbol esters and are key enzymes in signalling pathways of several hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors, we addressed the question whether the action of the above-mentioned hair growth-modulating substances may affect PKC isoenzymes in cultured dermal papilla cells (DPC).	Phorbol Esters	57-71	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	24-27
9287347-5	1997	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC), by bisindolylmaleimide or by chronic phorbol ester treatment of the FGFR-1 cells, suppressed but did not block p70(s6k) activation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-112
9287347-6	1997	In cells expressing a point-mutated FGFR-1, Y766F, unable to mediate PKC activation, p70(s6k) was still activated, in a bisindolylmaleimide- and phorbol ester-resistant manner.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	36-42
9287347-6	1997	In cells expressing a point-mutated FGFR-1, Y766F, unable to mediate PKC activation, p70(s6k) was still activated, in a bisindolylmaleimide- and phorbol ester-resistant manner.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
9328180-0	1997	Effects of protein kinase C activators on phorbol ester-sensitive and -resistant EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	81-84
9324019-8	1997	However, we could induce such cells to express Fas ligand with anti-CD3 MAb or phorbol ester and ionomycin in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	47-57
9316415-1	1997	Phorbol ester and alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation of Na-Cl-K cotransport in human tracheal epithelial cells was investigated by determining the expression of protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes and their activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and methoxamine, an alpha 1-adrenergic agonist.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	175-178
9283005-9	1997	Activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway by a phorbol ester eliminated FSH induction of STAR mRNA increases (p < 0.01) while only reducing P450scc induction (p < 0.05).	Phorbol Esters	54-67	steroidogenic acute regulatory protein	Homo sapiens	96-100
9328180-1	1997	Phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 murine thymoma cells respond to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate with activation of ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases, synthesis of interleukin-2, and death, whereas phorbol ester-resistant variants of this cell line do not exhibit these responses.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	24-27
9328180-1	1997	Phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 murine thymoma cells respond to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate with activation of ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases, synthesis of interleukin-2, and death, whereas phorbol ester-resistant variants of this cell line do not exhibit these responses.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	111-114
9328180-1	1997	Phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 murine thymoma cells respond to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate with activation of ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases, synthesis of interleukin-2, and death, whereas phorbol ester-resistant variants of this cell line do not exhibit these responses.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	163-176
9328180-1	1997	Phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 murine thymoma cells respond to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate with activation of ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases, synthesis of interleukin-2, and death, whereas phorbol ester-resistant variants of this cell line do not exhibit these responses.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	24-27
9328180-3	1997	Phorbol ester induced morphological changes, ERK activation, calcium-dependent activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), interleukin-2 synthesis, and growth inhibition in sensitive but not resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	45-48
9328180-3	1997	Phorbol ester induced morphological changes, ERK activation, calcium-dependent activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), interleukin-2 synthesis, and growth inhibition in sensitive but not resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	97-120
9328180-3	1997	Phorbol ester induced morphological changes, ERK activation, calcium-dependent activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), interleukin-2 synthesis, and growth inhibition in sensitive but not resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	122-125
9328180-3	1997	Phorbol ester induced morphological changes, ERK activation, calcium-dependent activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), interleukin-2 synthesis, and growth inhibition in sensitive but not resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	128-141
9328180-7	1997	PD 098059, an inhibitor of the mitogen activated protein (MAP)/ERK kinase kinase MEK, partially inhibited ERK activation and completely blocked phorbol ester-induced cell death in sensitive cells.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	63-66
9328180-7	1997	PD 098059, an inhibitor of the mitogen activated protein (MAP)/ERK kinase kinase MEK, partially inhibited ERK activation and completely blocked phorbol ester-induced cell death in sensitive cells.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	midkine	Mus musculus	81-84
9328180-8	1997	Thus MEK and/or ERK activation, but not JNK activation or interleukin-2 synthesis, appears to be required for phorbol ester-induced toxicity.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	midkine	Mus musculus	5-8
9328180-8	1997	Thus MEK and/or ERK activation, but not JNK activation or interleukin-2 synthesis, appears to be required for phorbol ester-induced toxicity.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	16-19
9328180-8	1997	Thus MEK and/or ERK activation, but not JNK activation or interleukin-2 synthesis, appears to be required for phorbol ester-induced toxicity.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	58-71
9328180-9	1997	Alterations in phorbol ester response pathways, rather than altered expression of PKC isoforms, appear to confer phorbol ester resistance to EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	141-144
9328180-9	1997	Alterations in phorbol ester response pathways, rather than altered expression of PKC isoforms, appear to confer phorbol ester resistance to EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	141-144
9275072-9	1997	Analysis of cloned EET-1 complementary DNA revealed a 2008-base sequence that showed 61% identity with a reported transcript that encodes a protein that plays a role in phorbol ester-induced regulation of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF factor	Rattus norvegicus	19-24
9275048-10	1997	The protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors, H-89 (10 microM; 30 min) and dideoxyadenosine (5 nM; 10 min) significantly decreased the forskolin- and dbcAMP-mediated PLD activation without any effect on the phorbol ester-mediated PLD response.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	4-20
9285485-0	1997	Endopeptidase 24.11 (CD10/NEP) is required for phorbol ester-induced growth arrest in Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	21-25
9275048-10	1997	The protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors, H-89 (10 microM; 30 min) and dideoxyadenosine (5 nM; 10 min) significantly decreased the forskolin- and dbcAMP-mediated PLD activation without any effect on the phorbol ester-mediated PLD response.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
9275072-9	1997	Analysis of cloned EET-1 complementary DNA revealed a 2008-base sequence that showed 61% identity with a reported transcript that encodes a protein that plays a role in phorbol ester-induced regulation of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	209-236
9346296-2	1997	In the present study, performed in cell-free preparations, we have characterized and compared the regulation of HEK cell PLD activity by the stable GTP analogue, guanosine 5"-O-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]), and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	220-233	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	121-124
9346296-10	1997	The results indicate that phorbol ester stimulation of PLD activity in HEK cells apparently occurs by a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism involving membrane-associated PKC isozymes but not ARF proteins, the major targets of GTP[S]" action.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	55-58
9346296-10	1997	The results indicate that phorbol ester stimulation of PLD activity in HEK cells apparently occurs by a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism involving membrane-associated PKC isozymes but not ARF proteins, the major targets of GTP[S]" action.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	170-173
9285485-0	1997	Endopeptidase 24.11 (CD10/NEP) is required for phorbol ester-induced growth arrest in Jurkat T cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	26-29
9276735-9	1997	KCREB, a dominant negative mutant of the CRE-binding protein CREB, blunted activation of chromogranin A transcription by nicotine, phorbol ester, or membrane depolarization.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	1-5
9276735-9	1997	KCREB, a dominant negative mutant of the CRE-binding protein CREB, blunted activation of chromogranin A transcription by nicotine, phorbol ester, or membrane depolarization.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	89-103
9288183-14	1997	For the high-bcl-2-expressing variant, however, it did restore the ability to genetically respond to a secondary apoptotic agent, phorbol ester, as evidenced by the renewed ability of phorbol ester to induce NGF1A mRNA in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	13-18
9278304-2	1997	Engagement of the CD28 receptor by soluble anti-CD28 mAb in conjunction with phorbol ester (PMA) induces the production of cytokines and the proliferation of resting T cells via signal transduction pathways independent of the TCR.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	18-22
9328437-0	1997	Decreases in phorbol ester-induced papilloma development in v-Ha-ras transgenic TG.AC mice during reduced gene dosage of bcl-2.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	121-126
9358005-5	1997	The activity of the LIF promoter was stimulated in HEC-1B cells by a combination of phorbol ester (TPA) and ionomycin, which we had previously found to strongly induce its activity in Jurkat T-lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	20-23
9315102-0	1997	Opposing activities of c-Fos and Fra-2 on AP-1 regulated transcriptional activity in mouse keratinocytes induced to differentiate by calcium and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	23-28
9315102-0	1997	Opposing activities of c-Fos and Fra-2 on AP-1 regulated transcriptional activity in mouse keratinocytes induced to differentiate by calcium and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	fos-like antigen 2	Mus musculus	33-38
9315102-0	1997	Opposing activities of c-Fos and Fra-2 on AP-1 regulated transcriptional activity in mouse keratinocytes induced to differentiate by calcium and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	42-46
9282952-2	1997	In astrocytes, a 10-min treatment with the phorbol esters phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and 4beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4beta-PDD) (but not with 4alpha-PDD) or with diacylglycerol, which activate PKC, dose-dependently enhanced cyclic AMP accumulation induced by the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol and the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	209-212
9288183-14	1997	For the high-bcl-2-expressing variant, however, it did restore the ability to genetically respond to a secondary apoptotic agent, phorbol ester, as evidenced by the renewed ability of phorbol ester to induce NGF1A mRNA in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	13-18
9268302-5	1997	In Jurkat cells, TLiSA1/PTA1 mRNA and surface protein expression is greatly stimulated by treatment of the cells with phorbol ester, but the T cell proliferative signal of phorbol ester and ionophore combined greatly reduces or abrogates this response, and this suppressive effect of the ionophore is not reversed by incorporating FK506 to inhibit calcineurin.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD226 molecule	Homo sapiens	17-23
9268302-5	1997	In Jurkat cells, TLiSA1/PTA1 mRNA and surface protein expression is greatly stimulated by treatment of the cells with phorbol ester, but the T cell proliferative signal of phorbol ester and ionophore combined greatly reduces or abrogates this response, and this suppressive effect of the ionophore is not reversed by incorporating FK506 to inhibit calcineurin.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD226 molecule	Homo sapiens	24-28
9268359-0	1997	The catalytic domain of protein kinase C chimeras modulates the affinity and targeting of phorbol ester-induced translocation.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	24-40
9296525-1	1997	Erythroid differentiation of normal human hematopoietic progenitor cells was drastically inhibited by phorbol ester, 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an agent known to activate the class of serine-threonine kinases, protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	102-115	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	214-230
9261139-6	1997	pp90(rsk) lies downstream of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in the well characterized Ras-Raf-MEK-MAP kinase pathway that is induced by various growth factors and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A2	Homo sapiens	5-8
9261139-6	1997	pp90(rsk) lies downstream of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in the well characterized Ras-Raf-MEK-MAP kinase pathway that is induced by various growth factors and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	98-101
9261139-6	1997	pp90(rsk) lies downstream of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in the well characterized Ras-Raf-MEK-MAP kinase pathway that is induced by various growth factors and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	102-105
9299413-4	1997	In this hematopoietic cell line, NACP expression was up-regulated during phorbol ester-induced megakaryocytic differentiation, while beta-synuclein was down-regulated.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	33-37
9281349-12	1997	These results indicate that the previously proposed zinc-dependent factor required for endosome fusion could be either a PKC isoform or a protein containing the phorbol ester-binding domain of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	193-196
9296525-1	1997	Erythroid differentiation of normal human hematopoietic progenitor cells was drastically inhibited by phorbol ester, 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an agent known to activate the class of serine-threonine kinases, protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	102-115	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	232-235
9300077-7	1997	The specificity of an inhibitory effect was confirmed by GnRH receptor-independent stimulation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate or basic fibroblast growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	57-70
9268711-2	1997	Treatment of cells with phorbol ester which activates PKCalpha, gamma, delta, and epsilon isoforms in NIH3T3 cells significantly reduced proliferation of cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	54-62
9268711-3	1997	Overexpression of aPKCzeta and subsequent phorbol ester treatment abolished phorbol ester-induced reduction in cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	18-26
9268711-4	1997	Overexpression of aPKCzeta also potentiated phorbol ester-induced mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation in a PKC-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	18-26
9268711-4	1997	Overexpression of aPKCzeta also potentiated phorbol ester-induced mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation in a PKC-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	19-22
9268711-6	1997	Since aPKCzeta cannot be activated by phorbol ester, modulation of cell proliferation and MAP kinase activation by phorbol ester in aPKCzeta overexpressing cells might be due to the activation of cPKCs and/or nPKCs by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	6-14
9270009-1	1997	Deguelin, a plant-derived rotenoid, mediates potent chemopreventive responses through transcriptional regulation of phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	138-161
9268711-6	1997	Since aPKCzeta cannot be activated by phorbol ester, modulation of cell proliferation and MAP kinase activation by phorbol ester in aPKCzeta overexpressing cells might be due to the activation of cPKCs and/or nPKCs by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	132-140
9268711-6	1997	Since aPKCzeta cannot be activated by phorbol ester, modulation of cell proliferation and MAP kinase activation by phorbol ester in aPKCzeta overexpressing cells might be due to the activation of cPKCs and/or nPKCs by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	6-14
9268711-6	1997	Since aPKCzeta cannot be activated by phorbol ester, modulation of cell proliferation and MAP kinase activation by phorbol ester in aPKCzeta overexpressing cells might be due to the activation of cPKCs and/or nPKCs by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C, zeta	Mus musculus	132-140
9252399-0	1997	Phorbol ester down-regulation of lung surfactant protein B gene expression by cytoplasmic trapping of thyroid transcription factor-1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	38-58
9252399-0	1997	Phorbol ester down-regulation of lung surfactant protein B gene expression by cytoplasmic trapping of thyroid transcription factor-1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	NK2 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	102-164
9252399-2	1997	We investigated the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (HNF3) in the down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester in pulmonary adenocarcinoma H441 cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	NK2 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	28-58
9252399-2	1997	We investigated the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (HNF3) in the down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester in pulmonary adenocarcinoma H441 cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	NK2 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
9252399-2	1997	We investigated the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (HNF3) in the down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester in pulmonary adenocarcinoma H441 cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	forkhead box M1	Homo sapiens	71-98
9252399-2	1997	We investigated the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (HNF3) in the down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester in pulmonary adenocarcinoma H441 cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	forkhead box M1	Homo sapiens	100-104
9252399-2	1997	We investigated the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (HNF3) in the down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester in pulmonary adenocarcinoma H441 cells.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	132-136
9252399-6	1997	We conclude that down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester involves cytoplasmic trapping and loss of TTF-1 and HNF3 from the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	36-40
9252399-6	1997	We conclude that down-regulation of SP-B gene expression by phorbol ester involves cytoplasmic trapping and loss of TTF-1 and HNF3 from the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	forkhead box M1	Homo sapiens	126-130
9270009-1	1997	Deguelin, a plant-derived rotenoid, mediates potent chemopreventive responses through transcriptional regulation of phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	163-166
9294011-0	1997	Transcriptional regulation of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-B by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	50-54
9294011-0	1997	Transcriptional regulation of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-B by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	59-63
9294011-1	1997	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activate protein kinase C and have been previously shown to down-regulate surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-B in H441 adenocarcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	160-164
9294011-1	1997	Phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activate protein kinase C and have been previously shown to down-regulate surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-B in H441 adenocarcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	169-173
9277360-7	1997	Inasmuch as phosphorylation by both kinases (phorbol ester followed by Sp-cAMPS) abrogated the effects of either kinase alone, our results support the view that Kv1.3 is regulated in a complex manner by serine/threonine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3	Homo sapiens	161-166
9388681-0	1997	Fenretinide inhibits phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human colon adenocarcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	43-59
9277481-8	1997	The capability of the phorbol ester PMA to activate the human AT1 promoter in VSMC via an AP-1 element suggests a prominent role for PKC/MAPK and Ets proteins in AT1 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
9277481-8	1997	The capability of the phorbol ester PMA to activate the human AT1 promoter in VSMC via an AP-1 element suggests a prominent role for PKC/MAPK and Ets proteins in AT1 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	90-94
9277481-8	1997	The capability of the phorbol ester PMA to activate the human AT1 promoter in VSMC via an AP-1 element suggests a prominent role for PKC/MAPK and Ets proteins in AT1 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	133-136
9277481-8	1997	The capability of the phorbol ester PMA to activate the human AT1 promoter in VSMC via an AP-1 element suggests a prominent role for PKC/MAPK and Ets proteins in AT1 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	137-141
9277481-8	1997	The capability of the phorbol ester PMA to activate the human AT1 promoter in VSMC via an AP-1 element suggests a prominent role for PKC/MAPK and Ets proteins in AT1 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	162-165
9242432-1	1997	Asbestos and the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), increase c-fos and c-jun mRNA levels and AP-1 DNA binding activity in rat pleural mesothelial (RPM) cells, a target cell of asbestos-induced mesotheliomas (N. H. Heintz et al., Proc.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	100-105
9313873-4	1997	Conventional PKC isozymes (PKC alpha, beta I, beta II, and gamma) contain two CRDs, both of which are candidates for the phorbol ester binding site.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
9313873-4	1997	Conventional PKC isozymes (PKC alpha, beta I, beta II, and gamma) contain two CRDs, both of which are candidates for the phorbol ester binding site.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	27-36
9313873-3	1997	In contrast, the binding of exogenous phorbol esters to the CRD of PKC is considered to be a key initiating event in tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
9269538-13	1997	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters produces a large enhancement in action potential-evoked noradrenaline release in both the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
9242444-0	1997	Phorbol ester-induced cell surface association of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human MCF10A breast epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	50-76
9269538-14	1997	The structural requirements of the phorbol esters for maximal effect suggest that the phorbol esters must access the interior of the nerve terminal to activate PKC and the neural membrane acts as a barrier for highly lipophilic phorbol esters, thereby reducing their activity.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
9269538-14	1997	The structural requirements of the phorbol esters for maximal effect suggest that the phorbol esters must access the interior of the nerve terminal to activate PKC and the neural membrane acts as a barrier for highly lipophilic phorbol esters, thereby reducing their activity.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
9269538-14	1997	The structural requirements of the phorbol esters for maximal effect suggest that the phorbol esters must access the interior of the nerve terminal to activate PKC and the neural membrane acts as a barrier for highly lipophilic phorbol esters, thereby reducing their activity.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
9260920-5	1997	Newly transcribed BrU-labeled mRNA was recovered from the immunoprecipitates and analyzed by RT-PCR to study phorbol ester-mediated regulation of interleukin 1 gene transcription in human leukemic HL-60 or lymphoma U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	146-159
9245485-5	1997	We also observed that the addition of the tumour-promoting phorbol ester, Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), downregulated PKC-alpha, delta and epsilon by 7 h in NIH 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	127-136
9268597-7	1997	The expression of at least of one of the proteinase inhibitors, alpha1-antitrypsin, can be modulated in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	64-82
9387094-8	1997	It is activated by glucose, insulin, low oxygen "hypoxic" conditions, and phorbol esters, all of which enhance the rate of transcription.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
9233624-6	1997	Phorbol ester treatment of a pre-B cell line up-regulated CD19 expression, induced Egr-1, and enhanced the footprint over the GC box.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD19 molecule	Homo sapiens	58-62
9233624-6	1997	Phorbol ester treatment of a pre-B cell line up-regulated CD19 expression, induced Egr-1, and enhanced the footprint over the GC box.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	83-88
9263987-9	1997	In contrast, PKC-epsilon was more resistant to phorbol ester, and even after 48 hours of TPA treatment, only 60% of PKC-epsilon was down-regulated.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C epsilon	Bos taurus	13-24
9256242-0	1997	Alkyl lysophospholipids inhibit phorbol ester-stimulated phospholipase D activity and DNA synthesis in fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	57-72
9234696-5	1997	Induction of this distal IL-2 enhancer differs from induction of the proximal IL-2 promoter-enhancer, since it is induced by phorbol esters alone and independent from Ca2+ signals.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
9234696-5	1997	Induction of this distal IL-2 enhancer differs from induction of the proximal IL-2 promoter-enhancer, since it is induced by phorbol esters alone and independent from Ca2+ signals.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	78-82
9389362-5	1997	Stimulation experiments of the different cell lines and primary tumour cells by the phorbol ester TPA and the B-cell specific stimulation with SAC/anti-IgM respectively indicated a change of the expression level in comparison with the unstimulated cells and, a higher molecular weight species of the protein tyrosine kinase p56lck was observed.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	324-330
9285829-2	1997	Previous studies indicated that phorbol ester-induced cleavage of pro TGF alpha in CHO cells is dependent on the presence of a valine residue located at the carboxyl terminus of the precursor"s cytoplasmic domain.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	70-79
9230134-2	1997	(1) The trifluoromethyl ketone analogue of arachidonate (AACOCF3), a newly developed selective blocker of cPLA2, inhibited both the N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP)- and the phorbol-ester-induced rheogenic H+ efflux (K0.5 approximately 5 microM) and abrogated the stimulus-triggered release of AA from these cells.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	106-111
9230120-1	1997	Exposure of mouse macrophages to either phorbol ester or certain bacteria was previously shown to cause increased phosphorylation of the cytosolic 85 kDa phospholipase A2 as well as a stable increase in its catalytic activity.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	154-170
9230120-6	1997	This was true whether phorbol ester or bacteria, causing protein kinase C-independent phospholipase A2 activation, was used as stimulus.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	86-102
9218607-2	1997	In the human U937 promonocytic cell line, STAT5 activation occurred in response to several inducers of monocytic differentiation (phorbol ester, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and retinoic acid).	Phorbol Esters	130-143	signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A	Homo sapiens	42-47
9230120-9	1997	Dexamethasone treatment (1-100 nM for 20 h), which was earlier shown to dose-dependently down-regulate the 85 kDa phospholipase A2 and its activation by phorbol ester and zymosan, was here shown also to counteract the protein kinase C-independent activation and arachidonate release elicited by bacteria.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	114-130
9230117-5	1997	Our results indicate that Shc proteins are tyrosine phosphorylated and associate with Grb2 in response to phorbol esters, suggesting that activation of PKC is a potential signalling pathway leading to activation of the Shc/Grb2 complex.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
9230117-5	1997	Our results indicate that Shc proteins are tyrosine phosphorylated and associate with Grb2 in response to phorbol esters, suggesting that activation of PKC is a potential signalling pathway leading to activation of the Shc/Grb2 complex.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	86-90
9230117-5	1997	Our results indicate that Shc proteins are tyrosine phosphorylated and associate with Grb2 in response to phorbol esters, suggesting that activation of PKC is a potential signalling pathway leading to activation of the Shc/Grb2 complex.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	219-222
9230117-5	1997	Our results indicate that Shc proteins are tyrosine phosphorylated and associate with Grb2 in response to phorbol esters, suggesting that activation of PKC is a potential signalling pathway leading to activation of the Shc/Grb2 complex.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	growth factor receptor bound protein 2	Homo sapiens	223-227
9218566-0	1997	Dexamethasone potently enhances phorbol ester-induced IL-1beta gene expression and nuclear factor NF-kappaB activation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	54-62
9218566-0	1997	Dexamethasone potently enhances phorbol ester-induced IL-1beta gene expression and nuclear factor NF-kappaB activation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	98-107
9218607-3	1997	In the promyelocytic HL60 cell line, STAT5 was activated in the course of either phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation or DMSO-induced granulocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A	Homo sapiens	37-42
9218572-7	1997	Phorbol ester and syngeneic tumor cells acted synergistically to induce full responsiveness of beta2m-/- CD8+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	beta-2 microglobulin	Mus musculus	95-101
9211847-2	1997	Upon activation of Jurkat T cells and primary murine thymocytes with phorbol esters and ionomycin, BOB.1/OBF.1 expression and transactivation function were induced.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	POU domain, class 2, associating factor 1	Mus musculus	99-104
9211847-2	1997	Upon activation of Jurkat T cells and primary murine thymocytes with phorbol esters and ionomycin, BOB.1/OBF.1 expression and transactivation function were induced.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	POU domain, class 2, associating factor 1	Mus musculus	105-110
9224632-4	1997	Although levels of mad1 mRNA were moderately increased after induction with phorbol ester, we also found that differentiation could be achieved with other inducers without any concomitant up-regulation of mad1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	MAX dimerization protein 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
9252561-10	1997	Phorbol ester-induced PKC downregulation, another inhibitor strategy that selectively depletes bovine PA SMC of PKC-alpha, but not -beta, mimicked the antiproliferative effects of GF-109203X.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	22-25
9252561-10	1997	Phorbol ester-induced PKC downregulation, another inhibitor strategy that selectively depletes bovine PA SMC of PKC-alpha, but not -beta, mimicked the antiproliferative effects of GF-109203X.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	112-121
9202001-1	1997	Phorbol ester tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), are potent activators of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in U937 human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	103-142
9202001-1	1997	Phorbol ester tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), are potent activators of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in U937 human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
9202001-1	1997	Phorbol ester tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), are potent activators of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in U937 human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	151-182
9202001-1	1997	Phorbol ester tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), are potent activators of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in U937 human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 9	Homo sapiens	184-188
9202001-1	1997	Phorbol ester tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), are potent activators of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in U937 human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	195-198
9202001-1	1997	Phorbol ester tumor promoters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), are potent activators of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in U937 human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	233-237
9249588-10	1997	Interstitial cell COX2 mRNA but not COX1 was induced by phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor but suppressed by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	Oryctolagus cuniculus	18-22
9249588-11	1997	Phorbol ester also upregulated immunoreactive COX2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-50
9219725-7	1997	Phorbol ester (PMA), which induces protein-kinase C mediated signal transduction and enhances cellular differentiation in many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, increased intracellular Cat B activity and Cat B protein as well as its secretion in some cell lines but not in others, regardless of their histological type.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	198-203
9182610-7	1997	The effect of thrombin was additive with a phorbol ester-induced elevation in NGF secretion rates from 4 to 6 h and was attenuated by a 24-h downregulation of protein kinase C. These results suggest that extracellular protease activity may regulate NGF secretion in smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	coagulation factor II	Rattus norvegicus	14-22
9192514-0	1997	Parathyroid hormone versus phorbol ester stimulation of activator protein-1 gene family members in rat osteosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	56-75
9218873-0	1997	Transcriptional regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 by phorbol ester in human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH involves jun- and fos-containing activator protein 1 site binding complex(es).	Phorbol Esters	67-80	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	30-63
9218873-1	1997	In this study, the regulatory elements involved in ICAM-1 transcriptional response to phorbol ester (12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate; TPA) have been investigated in the human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-SH.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	51-57
9219725-7	1997	Phorbol ester (PMA), which induces protein-kinase C mediated signal transduction and enhances cellular differentiation in many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, increased intracellular Cat B activity and Cat B protein as well as its secretion in some cell lines but not in others, regardless of their histological type.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	217-222
9202306-3	1997	mGluR5 activation (1) was not associated with stimulation of cyclic AMP formation, (2) showed high sensitivity to the removal of extracellular versus intracellular Ca2+, (3) displayed high coupling efficiency relative to receptor density, and (4) induced PI hydrolysis that was suppressed by phorbol esters with low potency.	Phorbol Esters	292-306	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1	Mus musculus	0-6
9279477-0	1997	Acute effects of phorbol ester and insulin on insulin-induced glucose uptake and protein kinase C activation in rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	46-53
9279477-1	1997	We examined the acute effect of pretreatment with phorbol ester and insulin on insulin-induced glucose uptake and protein kinase C (PKC) translocation from cytosol to the membrane in rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	79-86
9237867-7	1997	(2) The phorbol ester, PDBu, an activator of protein kinase C, potentiated ET-1-induced AA release by 39%, but inhibited that of inositol phosphates formation by 62%.	Phorbol Esters	8-21	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	75-79
9375379-9	1997	In contrast, phorbol ester, which triggers activation without migration, released approximately 40% of incorporated HSPG, 30% of gelatin and 20% of laminin as intact molecules or degraded fragments.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	syndecan 2	Homo sapiens	116-120
9186373-8	1997	Phorbol esters, but not cell permeable diglycerides, prevented the TA + sphinganine effect suggesting that a stable long term PKC activation was required for reversal.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	126-129
9195956-1	1997	Ceramide inhibits phorbol ester activation of nuclear factor kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	61-67
9195900-5	1997	The Doc2-Munc13 interactions are stimulated by phorbol ester through the C1 domain of Munc13.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	DAB adaptor protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
9211354-4	1997	Transcripts measured by RNase protection assay in renal fibroblasts increase following exposure to phorbol ester, and thereafter, activated stromelysin-1 protein can be detected in culture media by Western blotting.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	140-153
9219263-3	1997	One diabody was able to recruit C1q, resulting in efficient lysis of lysozyme-coated sheep erythrocytes, and also induced rosette-formation of erythrocytes with human monocytes and phagocytosis after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	complement C1q A chain	Homo sapiens	32-35
9195956-7	1997	(ii) Ceramide treatment of cells inhibited phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-kappaB.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	79-88
9182574-5	1997	In this report we demonstrate that activation of PKC by phorbol esters slightly decreases the rate of Ca2+ efflux from the cytosol of Jurkat T cells following stimulation through the T cell receptor or stimulation in a receptor-independent manner by thapsigargin.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	49-52
9207179-3	1997	ST2 mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in all the human tissues examined and were induced by cytokines and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	ST2	Homo sapiens	0-3
9182576-6	1997	Thrombin and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, also increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation in HUVECs.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	SEC23 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	80-84
9182576-6	1997	Thrombin and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, also increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation in HUVECs.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	85-88
9169479-0	1997	An inhibitory fragment derived from protein kinase Cepsilon prevents enhancement of nerve growth factor responses by ethanol and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	84-103
9169479-2	1997	Previous work showed that tumor-promoting phorbol esters and ethanol enhance NGF-induced mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation and neurite outgrowth by a PKC-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
9169479-8	1997	These results demonstrate that PKCepsilon mediates enhancement of NGF-induced signaling and neurite outgrowth by phorbol esters and ethanol in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	66-69
9182725-10	1997	Constructs of -738/+95 to -194/+21 are inducible with serum or phorbol ester to a similar extent to the endogenous TIMP-1 gene.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	115-121
9199508-3	1997	In the endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line Ishikawa, phorbol ester-induced activation of the IL-6 promoter was inhibited to basal levels by 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in a wild-type receptor-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	94-98
9227606-7	1997	However, pHi acidification stimulated protein kinase C (PKC) activity and inhibition of PKC by PKC inhibitors (bisindolylmaleimide, calphostin C, or staurosporine) or prolonged exposure to phorbol ester abrogated the inhibitory effect of pHi acidification on cell Pi uptake.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	9-12
9209494-3	1997	Activation of alpha 4 beta 1 integrin by Mn2+ or by antibody 12G10 or treatment of lymphocytes with phorbol ester caused transformation to stationary adhesion, and increased binding significantly only at the lower concentrations of VCAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	232-238
9182715-8	1997	In lymphocytes, both system-L-like amino acid-transport activity and 4F2hc mRNA levels increased after treatment with phorbol ester plus ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	solute carrier family 3 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
9208127-0	1997	Attenuation of p53 expression and Bax down-regulation during phorbol ester mediated inhibition of apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	15-18
9208127-0	1997	Attenuation of p53 expression and Bax down-regulation during phorbol ester mediated inhibition of apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	34-37
9187123-0	1997	Selective up-regulation of protein kinase C eta in phorbol ester-sensitive versus -resistant EL4 mouse thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	93-96
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	25-28
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	52-55
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	102-115
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	117-121
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	52-55
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	25-28
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	52-55
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	102-115
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	117-121
9187123-1	1997	Stimulation of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells (s-EL4) with phorbol esters results in production of interleukin 2 (IL-2), adherence to a plastic substrate, and growth inhibition, whereas a phorbol ester-resistant variant (r-EL4) fails to respond.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	52-55
9187123-5	1997	Treatment of these lines with phorbol ester for 24 h resulted in down-regulation of all PKC isozymes examined except PKC eta, which was up-regulated in the s-EL4 cells at the time of maximal IL-2 production.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	88-91
9187123-5	1997	Treatment of these lines with phorbol ester for 24 h resulted in down-regulation of all PKC isozymes examined except PKC eta, which was up-regulated in the s-EL4 cells at the time of maximal IL-2 production.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	158-161
9191080-3	1997	Pre-incubation with muscarinic antagonists or the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X demonstrated that, in both control and ethanol-treated cells, carbachol-induced c-fos expression was mediated via muscarinic M1 receptors and to a large extent through protein kinase C. However, phorbol ester-induced c-fos expression was unaffected in ethanol-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	282-295	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	167-172
9191080-4	1997	Acute exposure to ethanol caused a suppression of both carbachol- and phorbol ester-stimulated c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	95-100
9187123-5	1997	Treatment of these lines with phorbol ester for 24 h resulted in down-regulation of all PKC isozymes examined except PKC eta, which was up-regulated in the s-EL4 cells at the time of maximal IL-2 production.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	191-195
9187123-6	1997	Two newly isolated EL4 clones, resistant to phorbol ester-induced growth inhibition but still exhibiting the phorbol ester-induced adherence and IL-2 production, both expressed PKC eta and theta.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	19-22
9187123-6	1997	Two newly isolated EL4 clones, resistant to phorbol ester-induced growth inhibition but still exhibiting the phorbol ester-induced adherence and IL-2 production, both expressed PKC eta and theta.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	19-22
9209506-2	1997	The C terminus of the C5aR is phosphorylated after stimulation with C5a of phorbol ester, and this phosphorylation might lead to receptor internalization.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
9209506-2	1997	The C terminus of the C5aR is phosphorylated after stimulation with C5a of phorbol ester, and this phosphorylation might lead to receptor internalization.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
9209506-8	1997	The phorbol ester-induced C5aR internalization may, therefore, be caused by an indirect and less specific effect of protein kinase C on the internalization machinery.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
9184651-2	1997	In this study we demonstrate that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is dramatically (3 to 15-fold) up-regulated in human cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (HCEC) by a 16 h exposure to the cytokine, IL-1 beta (50-200 u/ml), the phorbol ester, TPA (1-100 nM), or by simulated in vitro ischemia/reperfusion.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	34-67
9228557-8	1997	In all cases, release was stimulated by a media change or by the addition of phorbol ester, with rate enhancements of 5- and 50-fold, respectively, for WT-ACE.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cricetulus griseus	155-158
9177393-5	1997	The c-jun and c-fos mRNA stimulation elicited by TPA was reduced by the PKC inhibitors, chelerythrine and staurosporine, and could not be mimicked by 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (a phorbol ester that fails to activate PKC), whereas the stimulation induced by EGF was diminished by the PTK inhibitor, genistein.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	4-9
9177393-5	1997	The c-jun and c-fos mRNA stimulation elicited by TPA was reduced by the PKC inhibitors, chelerythrine and staurosporine, and could not be mimicked by 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (a phorbol ester that fails to activate PKC), whereas the stimulation induced by EGF was diminished by the PTK inhibitor, genistein.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	14-19
9138088-2	1997	We previously showed that PO-B DNA-binding is progressively induced during differentiation of promyelomonocytic leukemic HL-60 cells to the macrophage-like lineage (with phorbol esters).	Phorbol Esters	170-184	ER membrane protein complex subunit 3	Homo sapiens	26-30
9184651-2	1997	In this study we demonstrate that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is dramatically (3 to 15-fold) up-regulated in human cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (HCEC) by a 16 h exposure to the cytokine, IL-1 beta (50-200 u/ml), the phorbol ester, TPA (1-100 nM), or by simulated in vitro ischemia/reperfusion.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	69-75
9171236-4	1997	When challenged with an activating stimulus such as alpha-CD3 or a combination of phorbol ester plus ionophore, the cells are severely compromised in their ability to produce the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2).	Phorbol Esters	82-95	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	188-201
9154841-1	1997	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters activate, but then deplete cells of, protein kinase C (PKC) with prolonged treatment.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
9154841-3	1997	In rat fibroblasts overexpressing the c-Src proto-oncogene, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced anchorage-independent growth and other transformation-related phenotypes.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	38-43
9151873-4	1997	Using these antibodies, we studied the expression of HHV8 ORF26 in a BCBL-derived cell line and found that it encodes a cytoplasmic protein whose expression is induced 16-fold by treatment with phorbol ester or sodium butyrate.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	ORF26	Human gammaherpesvirus 8	58-63
9171236-4	1997	When challenged with an activating stimulus such as alpha-CD3 or a combination of phorbol ester plus ionophore, the cells are severely compromised in their ability to produce the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2).	Phorbol Esters	82-95	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	203-207
9194574-7	1997	PKC depletion by phorbol ester treatment decreased the tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma1 induced by PDGF and slowed the translocation of PLC-gamma1, but Ro-31-8220 produced further effects.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	phospholipase C, gamma 1	Mus musculus	83-93
9184073-3	1997	In the present study we demonstrate that nanomolar concentrations of phorbol ester or the chemoattractants fMLP, PAF, and LTB4 induce fibronectin secretion from blood PMNs.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	134-145
9184073-4	1997	Phorbol ester induced secretion of approximately 85% of the total fibronectin content, as well as expression of small amounts on the cell surface of the activated PMNs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	66-77
9194574-7	1997	PKC depletion by phorbol ester treatment decreased the tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma1 induced by PDGF and slowed the translocation of PLC-gamma1, but Ro-31-8220 produced further effects.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	phospholipase C, gamma 1	Mus musculus	142-152
9153259-2	1997	In this study, L-selectin was found to be phosphorylated in lymphoblastoid cell lines, and phosphorylation was enhanced by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) treatment.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	selectin L	Homo sapiens	15-25
9160669-5	1997	Differentiation induction with phorbol ester and exposure to recombinant human thrombopoietin suppressed both ACHEmRNA and AChE activity.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	123-127
9151658-6	1997	Using cell fractionation and western blotting techniques, we showed that the phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PdBu, 10(-6) M), translocated all PKC isoforms, except PKCiota/lambda, from the soluble fraction into the particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	152-155
9151658-10	1997	We concluded that lacrimal gland PKC isoforms are differentially localized and that they translocate differentially in response to phorbol esters and cholinergic agonists.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	33-36
9185679-5	1997	Phorbol ester mimics the effects of BDNF, indicating that protein kinase C (PKC) is either a component of, or feeds into the signalling mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
9139671-2	1997	Nef phosphorylation in both HeLa and Jurkat cells was stimulated by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	0-3
9164852-1	1997	Previous studies have shown that the activation of p44 and p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) by growth hormone (GH) and phorbol esters, but not by epidermal growth factor, in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes is dependent on protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	146-160	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	51-54
9164852-1	1997	Previous studies have shown that the activation of p44 and p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) by growth hormone (GH) and phorbol esters, but not by epidermal growth factor, in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes is dependent on protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	146-160	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	104-108
9164852-1	1997	Previous studies have shown that the activation of p44 and p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) by growth hormone (GH) and phorbol esters, but not by epidermal growth factor, in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes is dependent on protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	146-160	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	113-117
9164852-1	1997	Previous studies have shown that the activation of p44 and p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) by growth hormone (GH) and phorbol esters, but not by epidermal growth factor, in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes is dependent on protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	146-160	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	259-262
9164852-10	1997	Pretreatment of cells with PKC-delta anti-sense ODN, but not with anti-sense ODN to the other phorbol ester-sensitive isoforms, severely attenuated the activation of MAP kinases by GH.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	growth hormone	Mus musculus	181-183
9178908-2	1997	Here, we demonstrate that in Rat-1 cells transfected with the Gq-coupled bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide receptor, bombesin stimulated activation of p42(mapk) that was not inhibited by the specific PKC inhibitor GF 109203X or by down regulation of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	251-264	gastrin releasing peptide receptor	Rattus norvegicus	82-116
9115297-0	1997	Deficient tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl and associated proteins in phorbol ester-resistant EL4 mouse thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	38-43
9115297-0	1997	Deficient tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl and associated proteins in phorbol ester-resistant EL4 mouse thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	95-98
9115297-1	1997	Two tyrosine phosphoproteins in phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 (S-EL4) mouse thymoma cells have been identified as the p120 c-Cbl protooncogene product and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	56-59
9115297-1	1997	Two tyrosine phosphoproteins in phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 (S-EL4) mouse thymoma cells have been identified as the p120 c-Cbl protooncogene product and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	63-66
9115297-1	1997	Two tyrosine phosphoproteins in phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 (S-EL4) mouse thymoma cells have been identified as the p120 c-Cbl protooncogene product and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	catenin (cadherin associated protein), delta 1	Mus musculus	116-120
9115297-1	1997	Two tyrosine phosphoproteins in phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 (S-EL4) mouse thymoma cells have been identified as the p120 c-Cbl protooncogene product and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	121-126
9115297-1	1997	Two tyrosine phosphoproteins in phorbol ester-sensitive EL4 (S-EL4) mouse thymoma cells have been identified as the p120 c-Cbl protooncogene product and the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	157-160
9115297-2	1997	Tyrosine phosphorylation of p120 and p85 increased rapidly after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	catenin (cadherin associated protein), delta 1	Mus musculus	28-32
9115297-2	1997	Tyrosine phosphorylation of p120 and p85 increased rapidly after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	37-40
9115297-3	1997	Phorbol ester-resistant EL4 (R-EL4) cells expressed comparable amounts of c-Cbl and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase protein but greatly diminished tyrosine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	24-27
9115297-3	1997	Phorbol ester-resistant EL4 (R-EL4) cells expressed comparable amounts of c-Cbl and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase protein but greatly diminished tyrosine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	31-34
9115297-3	1997	Phorbol ester-resistant EL4 (R-EL4) cells expressed comparable amounts of c-Cbl and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase protein but greatly diminished tyrosine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	74-79
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	57-62
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	68-71
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	80-83
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	109-112
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	143-146
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	173-176
9115297-4	1997	Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed complexes of c-Cbl with p85, and of p85 with the tyrosine kinase Lck in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 but not in unstimulated S-EL4 or in R-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	173-176
9143362-1	1997	We studied the relationships between the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) by guanine nucleotides and phorbol esters in permeabilized U937 promonocytes and in solubilized extracts prepared from U937 cell membranes.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	55-70
9115297-6	1997	In vitro kinase assays revealed phosphorylation of p85 by Lck only in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	51-54
9143362-1	1997	We studied the relationships between the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) by guanine nucleotides and phorbol esters in permeabilized U937 promonocytes and in solubilized extracts prepared from U937 cell membranes.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	72-75
9115297-6	1997	In vitro kinase assays revealed phosphorylation of p85 by Lck only in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	58-61
9143362-12	1997	These results suggest that the assembly of active RhoA/PLD signaling complexes on membranes involves a phorbol ester/calphostin-binding protein, but is not dependent on PKC-type catalytic activity.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	50-54
9115297-6	1997	In vitro kinase assays revealed phosphorylation of p85 by Lck only in phorbol ester-stimulated S-EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	97-100
9143362-12	1997	These results suggest that the assembly of active RhoA/PLD signaling complexes on membranes involves a phorbol ester/calphostin-binding protein, but is not dependent on PKC-type catalytic activity.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	55-58
9115297-8	1997	Greatly decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl and p85 in the complexes may contribute to the failure of R-EL4 cells to respond to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Casitas B-lineage lymphoma	Mus musculus	46-51
9115297-8	1997	Greatly decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl and p85 in the complexes may contribute to the failure of R-EL4 cells to respond to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	56-59
9115297-8	1997	Greatly decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl and p85 in the complexes may contribute to the failure of R-EL4 cells to respond to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	112-115
9191349-0	1997	Phorbol esters modulate the coupling of the T cell costimulatory molecule CD28 to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	74-78
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	90-99
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	90-93
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	369-378
9191157-0	1997	Protein kinase D: a novel target for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-16
9191237-0	1997	Modulation of iron-regulatory protein (IRP) activity in monocytes by nitric oxide, phorbol ester and gamma-interferon.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	Wnt family member 2	Homo sapiens	14-37
9191237-0	1997	Modulation of iron-regulatory protein (IRP) activity in monocytes by nitric oxide, phorbol ester and gamma-interferon.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	Wnt family member 2	Homo sapiens	39-42
9174164-1	1997	RGS1 and RGS2 are members of a new class of regulators of G-protein signaling identified by their selective mRNA expression either in phorbol ester (TPA)-stimulated human B lymphocytes (RGS1/1R20/BL34) or in blood mononuclear cells treated with the T-cell lectin concanavalin A (ConA) and cycloheximide (RGS2/G0S8).	Phorbol Esters	134-147	regulator of G protein signaling 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9174164-1	1997	RGS1 and RGS2 are members of a new class of regulators of G-protein signaling identified by their selective mRNA expression either in phorbol ester (TPA)-stimulated human B lymphocytes (RGS1/1R20/BL34) or in blood mononuclear cells treated with the T-cell lectin concanavalin A (ConA) and cycloheximide (RGS2/G0S8).	Phorbol Esters	134-147	regulator of G protein signaling 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
9174164-1	1997	RGS1 and RGS2 are members of a new class of regulators of G-protein signaling identified by their selective mRNA expression either in phorbol ester (TPA)-stimulated human B lymphocytes (RGS1/1R20/BL34) or in blood mononuclear cells treated with the T-cell lectin concanavalin A (ConA) and cycloheximide (RGS2/G0S8).	Phorbol Esters	134-147	regulator of G protein signaling 1	Homo sapiens	196-200
9111330-6	1997	The costimulatory activity of anti-CD28 can be further enhanced by a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	35-39
9187876-7	1997	However, over 24 h in the presence of the active phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), significant release of GM-CSF was seen.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	120-126
9109507-2	1997	The increase in APPs secretion was mimicked by direct activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester and was suppressed by the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist L-(+)-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid or by the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	16-20
9109507-4	1997	Forskolin or dibutyryl cyclic AMP inhibited the increase in APPs secretion caused by metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists or by phorbol ester treatment but did not affect basal APPs levels.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	60-64
9129023-5	1997	The pattern of Bcl-x expression in the differentiated CD34+ cells was similar to that observed in HL-60 cells differentiated along the granulocyte lineage (induced by incubation with retinoic acid), or along the monocyte/macrophage lineage (induced by incubation with phorbol diester).	Phorbol Esters	268-283	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
9166109-0	1997	Induction of 24-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 mRNA by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and phorbol esters in normal rat kidney (NRK-52E) cells.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-43
9225067-3	1997	We have shown that one isozyme, PKC beta, is uniquely important in mediating phorbol ester-induced growth-arrest in the HL-60 myeloid cell line.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	32-40
9225067-5	1997	It upregulates the expression of PKC beta, potentiating the action of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	33-41
9150270-3	1997	CD treatment for 1 h disrupted F-actin filaments, increased membrane bound immunoreactive MARCKS (from 51% to 62% of total), yet markedly enhanced the amount of MARCKS translocated to the cytosolic fraction in response to the phorbol ester 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	161-167
9300530-2	1997	We investigated the role of internalization motifs located in the cytosolic region of CD3 gamma in the internalization of TCR complexes induced by enterotoxin superantigens, anti-TCR mAbs or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	191-205	CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complex	Homo sapiens	86-95
9300530-2	1997	We investigated the role of internalization motifs located in the cytosolic region of CD3 gamma in the internalization of TCR complexes induced by enterotoxin superantigens, anti-TCR mAbs or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	191-205	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	122-125
9300530-4	1997	We found that serine126 and the di-leucine motif (Leu131-Leu132) are required for phorbol-ester-induced TCR downregulation, but they are not necessary for enterotoxin superantigen or antibody-induced TCR downregulation.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	104-107
9300530-4	1997	We found that serine126 and the di-leucine motif (Leu131-Leu132) are required for phorbol-ester-induced TCR downregulation, but they are not necessary for enterotoxin superantigen or antibody-induced TCR downregulation.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	200-203
9094265-9	1997	Phorbol ester, as expected, increased the activity of the Na+/H+-exchanger in the basolateral membrane of all cell lines; also, it stimulated transport activity at the apical cell surface of NHE3 transfectants.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3	Oryctolagus cuniculus	191-195
9110992-4	1997	Phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) completely blocked PLD activation but not the formation of DG and phosphocholine at 10 min of PDGF stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	41-57
9110992-4	1997	Phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) completely blocked PLD activation but not the formation of DG and phosphocholine at 10 min of PDGF stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
9150270-6	1997	Staurosporine inhibited the phorbol ester-induced translocation of MARCKS but not of PKC alpha in both CD pretreated and untreated cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	67-73
9150270-7	1997	Calmodulin antagonists (trifluoperazine, calmidazolium) had little effect on the cellular distribution or phosphorylation of MARCKS, but were synergistic with phorbol ester in translocating MARCKS from the membrane without a further increase in its phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
9150270-7	1997	Calmodulin antagonists (trifluoperazine, calmidazolium) had little effect on the cellular distribution or phosphorylation of MARCKS, but were synergistic with phorbol ester in translocating MARCKS from the membrane without a further increase in its phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	190-196
9150275-6	1997	Treatment with the phorbol ester PMA or with EGF, strongly increased uPA production (P < 0.001).	Phorbol Esters	19-32	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Mus musculus	69-72
9108078-4	1997	TcR-triggered stopping was reversible by treatment with adhesion-strengthening phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	T cell receptor alpha variable 6-3	Mus musculus	0-3
9141489-1	1997	Our recent studies have suggested that sphingosine, an endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, may mediate apoptosis induced by a phorbol ester (PMA) in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells [Ohta et al.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	66-82
9141489-1	1997	Our recent studies have suggested that sphingosine, an endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, may mediate apoptosis induced by a phorbol ester (PMA) in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells [Ohta et al.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	84-87
9300530-6	1997	Confocal microscopy analysis reveals that TCR complexes accumulate in an early endocytic/recycling compartment upon activation of cells with phorbol esters, whereas TCRs internalized upon activation with superantigen or anti-TCR mAbs are routed to lysosomes.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	42-45
9139854-0	1997	Control of proteinase expression by phorbol-ester- and Fos-dependent pathways in human non-small-cell lung-cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	endogenous retrovirus group K member 18	Homo sapiens	11-21
9092538-0	1997	Serine phosphorylation of Cbl induced by phorbol ester enhances its association with 14-3-3 proteins in T cells via a novel serine-rich 14-3-3-binding motif.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	Cbl proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	26-29
9109386-3	1997	However, as revealed by extraction experiments, phorbol ester leads to a firmer association of PKC alpha with nuclear components.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	95-104
9141617-4	1997	We observed a time-dependent upregulation of hPD-1 mRNA and protein levels in Jurkat cells during phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, TPA)-induced differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	programmed cell death 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
9094972-7	1997	In contrast, in U937 and HL-60 cells after induction of differentiation with phorbol ester, PLK immunostaining disappeared under conditions of terminal differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	polo like kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
9083073-0	1997	Tyrosine phosphorylation of p130(cas) by bombesin, lysophosphatidic acid, phorbol esters, and platelet-derived growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	28-32
9155017-8	1997	In cells, Mnk1 is post-translationally modified and enzymatically activated in response to treatment with either peptide growth factors, phorbol esters, anisomycin or UV.	Phorbol Esters	137-151	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	10-14
9103395-4	1997	METHODS: Under the influence of phorbol esters such as TPA, the fibrosarcoma cell line HT1080 is known to express MMP-9.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	55-58
9140696-13	1997	Post hoc in vitro phosphorylation of F1/GAP-43 was PKC-mediated since phosphorylation of F1/GAP-43 was altered by the PKC activation cofactors, Ca2+, phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	40-46
9140696-13	1997	Post hoc in vitro phosphorylation of F1/GAP-43 was PKC-mediated since phosphorylation of F1/GAP-43 was altered by the PKC activation cofactors, Ca2+, phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	92-98
9130711-4	1997	Here, we present evidence that nur77, another orphan receptor whose expression is highly induced by phorbol esters and growth factors, is involved in modulation of the RA response.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
9101259-13	1997	By using astrocyte and neuronal cultures the actions on angiotensinogen production of growth hormone, IGF-1, inflammatory lipopolysaccharide, and phorbol ester have been examined.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	56-71
9103395-4	1997	METHODS: Under the influence of phorbol esters such as TPA, the fibrosarcoma cell line HT1080 is known to express MMP-9.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	114-119
9134496-0	1997	A one-nucleotide difference in a cAMP and phorbol ester response element leads to differential regulation of the human chorionic somatomammotropin A and B gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1	Homo sapiens	119-154
9101367-3	1997	Collagenase-1 gene expression was rapidly induced several-fold above control both by a phorbol ester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13 acetate, and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in HIG-82 synoviocytes.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	interstitial collagenase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-13
9138016-1	1997	The adhesion molecule L-selectin is proteolytically cleaved from the surface of lymphocytes and neutrophils within minutes after stimulation by phorbol ester or calcium ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	selectin L	Homo sapiens	22-32
9134496-2	1997	Both genes are expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast layer of the placenta and hCS release from trophoblast cells is known to be increased by cAMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	150-164	holocarboxylase synthetase	Homo sapiens	78-81
9202672-5	1997	Cells (three dishes per group) were treated with the PK-C activating phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) (100 nM) or vehicle for 1 hr and challenged with EGF (50 ng/ml) or vehicle for 15 min.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
9119982-3	1997	Dose and time dependent increases in intracellular CB were seen when cells primed with phorbol ester (PMA) were cultured with IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	126-135
9153071-21	1997	The enhanced PKC gamma-ir may reflect a form of activated PKC, since PKC stimulation by phorbol esters (both in hippocampal slices and mildly aldehyde fixed sections) mimicked the increase in PKC gamma-ir similar as seen after learning.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	13-22
9365188-11	1997	However, removal of the serum or the addition of forskolin or phorbol ester (TPA) induced a rapid elevation of aromatase mRNA and the switching of aromatase transcripts to exon 1c in the cells, whereas TGFbeta almost abolished the expression of aromatase mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	111-120
9365188-11	1997	However, removal of the serum or the addition of forskolin or phorbol ester (TPA) induced a rapid elevation of aromatase mRNA and the switching of aromatase transcripts to exon 1c in the cells, whereas TGFbeta almost abolished the expression of aromatase mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	147-156
9365188-11	1997	However, removal of the serum or the addition of forskolin or phorbol ester (TPA) induced a rapid elevation of aromatase mRNA and the switching of aromatase transcripts to exon 1c in the cells, whereas TGFbeta almost abolished the expression of aromatase mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	202-209
9365188-11	1997	However, removal of the serum or the addition of forskolin or phorbol ester (TPA) induced a rapid elevation of aromatase mRNA and the switching of aromatase transcripts to exon 1c in the cells, whereas TGFbeta almost abolished the expression of aromatase mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	147-156
9106262-7	1997	Phorbol ester stimulated NGF release 4-fold.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	25-28
9106263-0	1997	Additive effects of basic fibroblast growth factor and phorbol ester on beta-amyloid precursor protein expression and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	72-102
9106263-1	1997	Expression of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP), a proteoglycan whose proteolytically derived fragments have been implicated in the neuropathology observed in Alzheimer"s disease, is regulated by a variety of stimuli including cytokines, phorbol esters, and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	250-264	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	18-48
9106263-1	1997	Expression of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP), a proteoglycan whose proteolytically derived fragments have been implicated in the neuropathology observed in Alzheimer"s disease, is regulated by a variety of stimuli including cytokines, phorbol esters, and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	250-264	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	50-58
9153071-21	1997	The enhanced PKC gamma-ir may reflect a form of activated PKC, since PKC stimulation by phorbol esters (both in hippocampal slices and mildly aldehyde fixed sections) mimicked the increase in PKC gamma-ir similar as seen after learning.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	13-16
9153071-21	1997	The enhanced PKC gamma-ir may reflect a form of activated PKC, since PKC stimulation by phorbol esters (both in hippocampal slices and mildly aldehyde fixed sections) mimicked the increase in PKC gamma-ir similar as seen after learning.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-61
9153071-21	1997	The enhanced PKC gamma-ir may reflect a form of activated PKC, since PKC stimulation by phorbol esters (both in hippocampal slices and mildly aldehyde fixed sections) mimicked the increase in PKC gamma-ir similar as seen after learning.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	192-201
9079631-6	1997	Its mRNA level is induced by transforming growth factor beta-1 and indomethacin and inhibited by phorbol ester and retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	56-62
15001085-6	1997	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters, NGF and EGF activate TH transcription through the AP-1 site.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	71-73
9147290-1	1997	GT1-7 cells respond to treatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), with an inhibition of transcription of the proGnRH gene and decreases in GnRH mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	retinoic acid induced 1	Mus musculus	0-3
9147290-1	1997	GT1-7 cells respond to treatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), with an inhibition of transcription of the proGnRH gene and decreases in GnRH mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	142-146
9091577-4	1997	Further, B-1 cells are characterized by aberrant intracellular signaling, including hyperresponsiveness to phorbol ester PKC agonists.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	immunoglobulin kappa variable 7-3 (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	9-12
9106470-1	1997	The cellular mechanism for the suppression of GnRH gene expression by the phorbol ester PMA was investigated in GT1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	46-50
9065465-2	1997	Following this period, the rate of rhodopsin dephosphorylation was increased in the phorbol ester-treated retinas, so that by about 30 min the amount of phosphorylation was similar to that in control retinas.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	35-44
9058721-4	1997	FasL was expressed in B lymphocytes after stimulation via HLA class II or with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	0-4
9058721-5	1997	Expression of FasL protein was significantly increased in 50% of B lymphocytes after stimulation via HLA class II, and the level of FasL mRNA was also increased either by activation with phorbol esters and ionomycin or by signaling via HLA class II.	Phorbol Esters	187-201	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	14-18
9058721-5	1997	Expression of FasL protein was significantly increased in 50% of B lymphocytes after stimulation via HLA class II, and the level of FasL mRNA was also increased either by activation with phorbol esters and ionomycin or by signaling via HLA class II.	Phorbol Esters	187-201	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	132-136
9136987-0	1997	Activation of erbB2 and c-src in phorbol ester-treated mouse epidermis: possible role in mouse skin tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	14-19
9136987-10	1997	Structure-activity relationships with several phorbol ester analogs showed that the elevated phosphorylation of erbB2 in mouse epidermis followed closely with tumor promoting ability.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	112-117
9136987-12	1997	Collectively, the current data suggest that the activation of erbB2 in phorbol ester treated skin can be explained solely by a mechanism involving elevation of EGFr ligands and activation of the EGFr.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	62-67
9136987-12	1997	Collectively, the current data suggest that the activation of erbB2 in phorbol ester treated skin can be explained solely by a mechanism involving elevation of EGFr ligands and activation of the EGFr.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	160-164
9136987-12	1997	Collectively, the current data suggest that the activation of erbB2 in phorbol ester treated skin can be explained solely by a mechanism involving elevation of EGFr ligands and activation of the EGFr.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	195-199
9067275-0	1997	Retinoids suppress phorbol ester-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	55-71
9067275-3	1997	We investigated the ability of retinoids to suppress phorbol ester-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in human oral epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	89-105
9058798-7	1997	Only after stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore could these Th2-like cells be induced to secrete significant levels of IL-4, indicating distinct stimulatory requirements for the induction of IL-5 and IL-13 compared with IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	135-139
9125213-4	1997	Dominant-negative Smad3, but not other dominant-negative Smads, reduced stimulation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and other gene promoters by phorbol ester, cAMP, and platelet-derived growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	SMAD family member 3	Mus musculus	18-23
9125213-4	1997	Dominant-negative Smad3, but not other dominant-negative Smads, reduced stimulation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and other gene promoters by phorbol ester, cAMP, and platelet-derived growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1	Mus musculus	91-124
9125213-4	1997	Dominant-negative Smad3, but not other dominant-negative Smads, reduced stimulation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and other gene promoters by phorbol ester, cAMP, and platelet-derived growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1	Mus musculus	126-131
9045724-8	1997	In addition, the phorbol ester was found to affect the binding of specific RNA-binding proteins to the 3" UTR of the GAP-43 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	117-123
9054439-5	1997	Phorbol ester markedly inhibited PKCdelta EC growth but enhanced growth of PKCalpha and control EC.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	75-83
9058798-7	1997	Only after stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore could these Th2-like cells be induced to secrete significant levels of IL-4, indicating distinct stimulatory requirements for the induction of IL-5 and IL-13 compared with IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	207-211
9058798-7	1997	Only after stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore could these Th2-like cells be induced to secrete significant levels of IL-4, indicating distinct stimulatory requirements for the induction of IL-5 and IL-13 compared with IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 13	Homo sapiens	216-221
9052757-9	1997	Phorbol diesters also activated PLD, but estrogen had no influence.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	32-35
9045629-10	1997	Furthermore, long chain n-alkanols enhanced phorbol ester induced PKCalpha activity.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	66-74
9045629-13	1997	Furthermore, effects mediated by interaction with the region on the enzyme possessing low affinity for phorbol esters represent a novel mechanism for the regulation of PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	168-171
9099897-9	1997	Treatment of LNCaP and PC-3 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol (TPA) caused the same effect on mAAT activity and mRNA level as prolactin.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	serine (or cysteine) preptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 1B	Mus musculus	115-119
9099897-9	1997	Treatment of LNCaP and PC-3 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol (TPA) caused the same effect on mAAT activity and mRNA level as prolactin.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	prolactin	Homo sapiens	147-156
9045626-5	1997	We hypothesized that an atypical protein kinase C (PKC) isoform, which lacks a phorbol ester binding domain, mediated ERK1/2 activation by angII.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
9045626-5	1997	We hypothesized that an atypical protein kinase C (PKC) isoform, which lacks a phorbol ester binding domain, mediated ERK1/2 activation by angII.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	118-124
9045626-5	1997	We hypothesized that an atypical protein kinase C (PKC) isoform, which lacks a phorbol ester binding domain, mediated ERK1/2 activation by angII.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	139-144
9045626-11	1997	In contrast, ERK1/2 activation by platelet-derived growth factor and phorbol ester was not significantly inhibited.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
9045629-4	1997	Furthermore, the effects on membrane-associated PKCalpha differ markedly depending on whether activity is induced by diacylglycerol or phorbol ester and also on n-alkanol chain length.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	48-56
9045629-5	1997	PKCalpha contains two distinct phorbol ester binding regions of low and high affinity for the activator, respectively (Slater, S. J., Ho, C., Kelly, M. B., Larkin, J. D., Taddeo, F. J., Yeager, M. D., and Stubbs, C. D. (1996) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-8
9054554-0	1997	Distinct mechanisms regulate TIMP-1 expression at different stages of phorbol ester-mediated differentiation of U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	29-35
9052757-10	1997	Pretreatment of cells with phorbol dibutyrate (PKC down-regulation protocol) blocked phorbol diester- and tamoxifen-induced PLD activity.	Phorbol Esters	85-100	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	47-50
9052757-10	1997	Pretreatment of cells with phorbol dibutyrate (PKC down-regulation protocol) blocked phorbol diester- and tamoxifen-induced PLD activity.	Phorbol Esters	85-100	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	124-127
9104589-3	1997	We show that nerve terminals of MAM-treated rats show higher PKC activity, as monitored by the in situ phosphorylation of B-50/GAP-43, in both basal and phorbol ester-stimulated conditions.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	127-133
9047000-4	1997	In vitro treatment with a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate), but not a cAMP analogue (8-bromo-cAMP), significantly increased uPA mRNA levels in both granulosa and theca tissue from the largest and second-largest preovulatory follicles.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Gallus gallus	140-143
9057637-6	1997	The production of HGF was enhanced by addition of heparin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	18-21
9056674-6	1997	AML1a expression was associated with enhanced sensitivity to megakaryocytic differentiation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
9101425-0	1997	Modulation of LDL receptor mRNA stability by phorbol esters in human liver cell culture models.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	14-26
9125669-3	1997	Activation of PKC with a phorbol ester, PMA (phorbol myristate acetate), induced a rapid and transient (1-4 h) increase in the levels of both 1.2- and 2.4-kb IL-6 transcripts in rat aortic SMCs (RASMC), as determined by Northern analysis, which was followed by increased release of bioactive IL-6, as determined by a B9 cell-proliferation assay.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	158-162
9125669-3	1997	Activation of PKC with a phorbol ester, PMA (phorbol myristate acetate), induced a rapid and transient (1-4 h) increase in the levels of both 1.2- and 2.4-kb IL-6 transcripts in rat aortic SMCs (RASMC), as determined by Northern analysis, which was followed by increased release of bioactive IL-6, as determined by a B9 cell-proliferation assay.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	292-296
9125669-9	1997	These results suggest that activation of phorbol ester-responsive PKC induces IL-6 gene expression in both rat and human VSMC.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	78-82
9036946-8	1997	NC-1.1 was also a phosphoprotein after immunoprecipitation from intact spleen cells and its phosphorylation was increased after cell stimulation with PKC or PKG activators (phorbol esters or 8-bromo-cGMP).	Phorbol Esters	173-187	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Homo sapiens	157-160
9066008-4	1997	Following stimulation with phorbolester (PMA), a 3-6 fold higher expression of uPA receptor over a period of up to 5 days could be observed by fluorescent activated cell-sorting as well as by direct ligand-binding of amino-terminal fragment of uPA or vitronectin.	Phorbol Esters	27-39	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	79-82
9048734-13	1997	Also, expression of this hybrid FGF-2/luciferase gene was increased in response to phorbol ester or serum treatment of C6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
9058599-0	1997	Bryostatin 1 and phorbol ester down-modulate protein kinase C-alpha and -epsilon via the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway in human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	45-80
9066008-4	1997	Following stimulation with phorbolester (PMA), a 3-6 fold higher expression of uPA receptor over a period of up to 5 days could be observed by fluorescent activated cell-sorting as well as by direct ligand-binding of amino-terminal fragment of uPA or vitronectin.	Phorbol Esters	27-39	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	244-247
9066008-4	1997	Following stimulation with phorbolester (PMA), a 3-6 fold higher expression of uPA receptor over a period of up to 5 days could be observed by fluorescent activated cell-sorting as well as by direct ligand-binding of amino-terminal fragment of uPA or vitronectin.	Phorbol Esters	27-39	vitronectin	Homo sapiens	251-262
9030586-1	1997	We observed previously that glia maturation factor (GMF), a 17-kDa brain protein, is rapidly phosphorylated in astrocytes following stimulation by phorbol ester, and that protein kinase A (PKA)-phosphorylated GMF is a potent inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and enhancer of p38; both are subfamilies of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, suggesting GMF as a bifunctional regulator of the MAP kinase cascades.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	glia maturation factor beta	Homo sapiens	28-50
9030586-1	1997	We observed previously that glia maturation factor (GMF), a 17-kDa brain protein, is rapidly phosphorylated in astrocytes following stimulation by phorbol ester, and that protein kinase A (PKA)-phosphorylated GMF is a potent inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and enhancer of p38; both are subfamilies of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, suggesting GMF as a bifunctional regulator of the MAP kinase cascades.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	glia maturation factor beta	Homo sapiens	52-55
9013641-8	1997	Furthermore, expression of the CHL1-related mRNAs is lost when human K562 cells cease to proliferate and terminally differentiate in response to phorbol ester treatments.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	cell adhesion molecule L1 like	Homo sapiens	31-35
9020119-3	1997	Ser/Thr protein kinase inhibitors inhibited, and protein phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A and phorbol ester enhanced, hsp70-CAT reporter gene expression but not heat shock element DNA binding activity in HeLa cells undergoing a moderate heat shock.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	119-124
9020119-3	1997	Ser/Thr protein kinase inhibitors inhibited, and protein phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A and phorbol ester enhanced, hsp70-CAT reporter gene expression but not heat shock element DNA binding activity in HeLa cells undergoing a moderate heat shock.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	catalase	Homo sapiens	125-128
9020125-5	1997	Following stimulation of the cultures with glutamate/glycine or phorbol esters, NR1 phosphorylation was found to be enhanced by 3-5-fold, whereas phosphorylation of NR2 subunits was enhanced by less than 2-fold.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
9024805-9	1997	A heterologous promoter construct containing three repeats of a consensus Sp1 site, cloned upstream of a single copy of the ZII (CREB/ AP1) element from the BZLF1 promoter linked to the beta-globin TATA box, exhibited phorbol ester inducibility.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	157-162
9030359-5	1997	RESULTS: Cotransfection of cells with Tat/Jun and the AP-1 PL LUC or LTR AP-1 CAT reporter plasmid resulted in a marked increase in reporter gene activity which was comparable with that induced by transfection of cells with several different AP-1 expression plasmids (e.g., JunD, JunB, c-Fos), or that elicited by stimulation of the cells transfected with LTR AP-1 CAT plasmids with phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	383-396	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	38-41
9023342-4	1997	Triggering of TCR-mediated intracellular signaling pathways through crosslinking of TCR or by addition of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore also resulted in the up-regulation of P2Y2, but not P2X1, receptor mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled 2	Mus musculus	177-181
9023342-4	1997	Triggering of TCR-mediated intracellular signaling pathways through crosslinking of TCR or by addition of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore also resulted in the up-regulation of P2Y2, but not P2X1, receptor mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 1	Mus musculus	191-205
9037208-0	1997	Urokinase-mediated transactivation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) gene promoter in HT-1080 cells utilises AP-1 binding sites and potentiates phorbol ester-mediated induction of endogenous PAI-2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	42-80
9037208-0	1997	Urokinase-mediated transactivation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) gene promoter in HT-1080 cells utilises AP-1 binding sites and potentiates phorbol ester-mediated induction of endogenous PAI-2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	82-87
9037208-0	1997	Urokinase-mediated transactivation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (PAI-2) gene promoter in HT-1080 cells utilises AP-1 binding sites and potentiates phorbol ester-mediated induction of endogenous PAI-2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	211-216
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	37-41
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	75-80
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	156-161
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	200-204
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	205-210
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	234-238
9037208-2	1997	Since transcription factors bound to AP-1 recognition sequences within the PAI-2 gene promoter play a role in basal and phorbol ester-mediated induction of PAI-2 gene expression, we hypothesised that u-PA/u-PAR-mediated modulation of AP-1 activity would in turn influence constitutive and inducible PAI-2 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	156-161
9037208-5	1997	We also demonstrate the u-PA treatment potentiated phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of PAI-2 mRNA, indicating that u-PA binding produces a bone fide response in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	24-28
9037208-5	1997	We also demonstrate the u-PA treatment potentiated phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of PAI-2 mRNA, indicating that u-PA binding produces a bone fide response in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	93-98
9037208-5	1997	We also demonstrate the u-PA treatment potentiated phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of PAI-2 mRNA, indicating that u-PA binding produces a bone fide response in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	121-125
9124324-4	1997	A PKC-activating phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), induced IL-6 synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	84-88
9056942-0	1997	Time-dependent translocation of the alpha and beta 1 isotypes of protein kinase C in human platelets in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	36-52
9124366-2	1997	To determine which isozymes of PKC may regulate type II cell functions, we identified those PKC isozymes activated in type II cells in association with surfactant phospholipid secretion after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
9124366-2	1997	To determine which isozymes of PKC may regulate type II cell functions, we identified those PKC isozymes activated in type II cells in association with surfactant phospholipid secretion after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
9124366-8	1997	PKC isozymes alpha, beta, delta, and eta are present in purified type II epithelial cells and are activated in a dose-dependent manner in alveolar type II cells in association with surfactant phospholipid secretion after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	endothelin receptor type A	Rattus norvegicus	21-24
9032469-6	1997	The present study provides an example of cells in which the direct activation of PKC by phorbol esters does not lead to a primed and/or enhanced AA release.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	81-84
9028336-9	1997	The inhibitory effects of phorbol esters were not induced by their inactive analogues and they were selective to the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 since phorbol esters did not alter the enhancement of the pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation of other cellular proteins, including that of Jak2 induced by GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
9081683-5	1997	Short-term incubation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, which inhibits thrombin-induced IP generation, did not affect the IP response to pervanadate.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	98-106
9028336-9	1997	The inhibitory effects of phorbol esters were not induced by their inactive analogues and they were selective to the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 since phorbol esters did not alter the enhancement of the pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation of other cellular proteins, including that of Jak2 induced by GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	304-308
9028336-8	1997	The simultaneous treatment of the cells with GM-CSF and phorbol esters such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) significantly inhibited both the tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 and the activation of PI3-kinase.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2	Homo sapiens	214-217
9028336-9	1997	The inhibitory effects of phorbol esters were not induced by their inactive analogues and they were selective to the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 since phorbol esters did not alter the enhancement of the pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation of other cellular proteins, including that of Jak2 induced by GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	320-326
9028336-9	1997	The inhibitory effects of phorbol esters were not induced by their inactive analogues and they were selective to the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 since phorbol esters did not alter the enhancement of the pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation of other cellular proteins, including that of Jak2 induced by GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	170-184	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
9056169-7	1997	The potent antiresorptive hormone 17beta-estradiol, but not its inactive alpha isomer, partially suppressed the phorbol ester-induced elevation of the 121F antibody-reactive antigen in FLG 29.1 cells as it does in avian osteoclast-like cells.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	185-188
9116146-0	1997	Subcellular distribution of protein kinase C alpha and betaI in bovine spermatozoa, and their regulation by calcium and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	120-134	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	28-50
9116146-7	1997	Treatment of sperm cells with the biologically active phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) resulted in a rapid and extensive translocation of cytosolic PKC alpha and cytosolic PKC betaI to the membrane fraction within 1 min.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	173-206
9040943-0	1997	Involvement of the transcription factor NF-IL6 in phorbol ester induction of P-glycoprotein in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta	Homo sapiens	40-46
9040945-1	1997	Phorbol ester-induced beta 2-integrin transport to the cell surface is defective in cloned 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-resistant U937 cell variants.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	22-28
9003008-9	1997	Moreover, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate mimicked most of the effects of AngII in BAC and decreased both AT2-binding sites and mRNA on PC12W cells, indicating that the hormonal regulation of both AT1 and AT2 receptors is mediated through protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
9003008-9	1997	Moreover, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate mimicked most of the effects of AngII in BAC and decreased both AT2-binding sites and mRNA on PC12W cells, indicating that the hormonal regulation of both AT1 and AT2 receptors is mediated through protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 9d	Mus musculus	124-127
9003008-9	1997	Moreover, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate mimicked most of the effects of AngII in BAC and decreased both AT2-binding sites and mRNA on PC12W cells, indicating that the hormonal regulation of both AT1 and AT2 receptors is mediated through protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	215-218
9003008-9	1997	Moreover, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate mimicked most of the effects of AngII in BAC and decreased both AT2-binding sites and mRNA on PC12W cells, indicating that the hormonal regulation of both AT1 and AT2 receptors is mediated through protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	223-226
9015213-10	1997	The phorbol ester PMA, however, consistently upregulated AML cell-binding to BMFs, the increase being mediated entirely via beta1 and beta2 integrins without altering AML cell integrin expression.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens	124-129
9057843-12	1997	In addition, GCP-2 and ENA-78 expression seem to be differentially regulated in that phorbol ester and lipopolysaccharide have opposing effects on their mRNA induction in diploid fibroblasts and epithelial cells, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6	Homo sapiens	13-18
9057843-12	1997	In addition, GCP-2 and ENA-78 expression seem to be differentially regulated in that phorbol ester and lipopolysaccharide have opposing effects on their mRNA induction in diploid fibroblasts and epithelial cells, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	23-29
9015213-10	1997	The phorbol ester PMA, however, consistently upregulated AML cell-binding to BMFs, the increase being mediated entirely via beta1 and beta2 integrins without altering AML cell integrin expression.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	tubulin beta 4B class IVb	Homo sapiens	134-139
9024794-5	1997	Immunofluorescence analysis and metabolic labeling experiments revealed that multimeric "wild-type" vWF is stored in MDCK-II cells and released upon stimulation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	von Willebrand factor	Canis lupus familiaris	100-103
9203509-0	1997	Evidence for prothrombin production and thrombin expression by phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	13-24
9067707-6	1997	The phorbol ester-stimulated YAA cells produced a considerable amount of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	73-100
9203509-0	1997	Evidence for prothrombin production and thrombin expression by phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	16-24
9203509-1	1997	With the addition of fibrinogen, fibrin clots form in serum-free culture medium recovered from phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	21-31
9203509-5	1997	In support of this hypothesis, we found that prothrombin mRNA is expressed in THP-1 cells following their treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	45-56
9135548-9	1997	In contrast, when T cells were stimulated by phorbol-ester and ionomycin, they were refractory to SIN-1-induced inhibition of cytokine production.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
9040940-6	1997	Second, selective down-regulation of phorbol ester-inducible protein kinase C in Swiss 3T3 cells resulted in a 90% decrease in the induction of c-myc mRNA and an 80% reduction in Myc protein expression but did not affect the mitogenic response to bombesin and insulin.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	myelocytomatosis oncogene	Mus musculus	146-149
9040940-6	1997	Second, selective down-regulation of phorbol ester-inducible protein kinase C in Swiss 3T3 cells resulted in a 90% decrease in the induction of c-myc mRNA and an 80% reduction in Myc protein expression but did not affect the mitogenic response to bombesin and insulin.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	myelocytomatosis oncogene	Mus musculus	179-182
9016862-3	1997	The binding parameter of phorbol ester is a criterion for active protein kinase C (PKC) units in the platelet plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	65-81
9013942-5	1997	Peripheral blood T lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol ester, anti-CD28, or anti-CD3 Ab, induce, within 24 to 48 h, a strong plasminogen-dependent proteolysis of TN-C.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	tenascin C	Homo sapiens	162-166
9016862-3	1997	The binding parameter of phorbol ester is a criterion for active protein kinase C (PKC) units in the platelet plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	83-86
9203625-0	1997	Antisense oligonucleotides targeting human protein kinase C-alpha inhibit phorbol ester-induced reduction of bradykinin-evoked calcium mobilization in A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	43-65
9021753-3	1997	Phorbol ester (TPA, 2.5 ng/ml) treatment resulted in an atypical pattern of CG release in which there was a greater net loss of CGs in the equatorial region of the egg than in the region opposite the spindle.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	15-18
9013764-17	1997	Moreover, agents stimulating LH/CG receptor-associated intracellular signaling pathways (forskolin and a phorbol ester) readily mimicked the effect of hCG in down-regulating ER beta mRNA in cultured granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide	Homo sapiens	32-34
9013764-17	1997	Moreover, agents stimulating LH/CG receptor-associated intracellular signaling pathways (forskolin and a phorbol ester) readily mimicked the effect of hCG in down-regulating ER beta mRNA in cultured granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide	Homo sapiens	151-154
9013764-17	1997	Moreover, agents stimulating LH/CG receptor-associated intracellular signaling pathways (forskolin and a phorbol ester) readily mimicked the effect of hCG in down-regulating ER beta mRNA in cultured granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	estrogen receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	174-181
9203625-10	1997	These results suggest that PKC-alpha is involved in kinin B2 receptor regulation by phorbol esters in A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	27-36
9203625-0	1997	Antisense oligonucleotides targeting human protein kinase C-alpha inhibit phorbol ester-induced reduction of bradykinin-evoked calcium mobilization in A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	109-119
8999972-4	1997	However, insulin-induced increases in PKC enzyme activity were apparent in both non-down-regulated adipocytes and adipocytes that were down-regulated by overnight treatment with 5 microM phorbol ester, which largely depletes PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and PKC-epsilon, but not PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	38-41
9041654-2	1997	These domains were first discovered as the loci of phorbol ester and diacylglycerol binding to conventional protein kinase C isozymes, which contain 2 C1 domains (C1A and C1B) in their N-terminal regulatory regions.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	endogenous retrovirus group K member 1	Homo sapiens	163-174
8999972-4	1997	However, insulin-induced increases in PKC enzyme activity were apparent in both non-down-regulated adipocytes and adipocytes that were down-regulated by overnight treatment with 5 microM phorbol ester, which largely depletes PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and PKC-epsilon, but not PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	225-234
8999972-4	1997	However, insulin-induced increases in PKC enzyme activity were apparent in both non-down-regulated adipocytes and adipocytes that were down-regulated by overnight treatment with 5 microM phorbol ester, which largely depletes PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and PKC-epsilon, but not PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	236-244
9013897-1	1997	Protein kinase C zeta (PKC zeta), a member of the atypical PKC subgroup, is insensitive to Ca2+, diacylglycerol, and phorbol esters, but is activated by phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate, a product of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase).	Phorbol Esters	117-131	protein kinase C, zeta	Rattus norvegicus	0-21
9013897-1	1997	Protein kinase C zeta (PKC zeta), a member of the atypical PKC subgroup, is insensitive to Ca2+, diacylglycerol, and phorbol esters, but is activated by phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate, a product of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase).	Phorbol Esters	117-131	protein kinase C, zeta	Rattus norvegicus	23-31
8999972-4	1997	However, insulin-induced increases in PKC enzyme activity were apparent in both non-down-regulated adipocytes and adipocytes that were down-regulated by overnight treatment with 5 microM phorbol ester, which largely depletes PKC-alpha, PKC-beta, and PKC-epsilon, but not PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	250-261
9000576-0	1997	Defects in p21WAF1/CIP1, Rb, and c-myc signaling in phorbol ester-resistant cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	19-23
9000576-0	1997	Defects in p21WAF1/CIP1, Rb, and c-myc signaling in phorbol ester-resistant cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	33-38
9022759-0	1997	Induction of cyclooxygenase-1 in a human megakaryoblastic cell line (CMK) differentiated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	13-29
9022759-0	1997	Induction of cyclooxygenase-1 in a human megakaryoblastic cell line (CMK) differentiated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	69-72
9001386-2	1997	TAM caused these inhibitory effects without inducing membrane translocation or down-regulation of protein kinase C-alpha, the major mediator of phorbol ester effects on PLD activation.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	169-172
9001386-0	1997	Inhibition of phorbol ester-stimulated phospholipase D activity by chronic tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	39-54
8995230-1	1997	The overexpression of protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta), but not PKC-epsilon, enables the mouse myeloid cell line 32D to differentiate into macrophages when treated with phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	171-185	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	46-55
8995230-8	1997	These results demonstrate that the catalytic domain of PKC-delta contains the primary determinants for its activity in phorbol ester-induced macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	55-64
9038832-8	1997	We concluded that phorbol ester- and receptor-induced protein secretion involve different PKC isoforms in lacrimal gland.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
9111868-15	1997	In many, but not in all cases, CD44 does not bind HA unless it is stimulated by phorbol esters, activated by agonistic anti-CD44 antibody, or deglycosylated (e.g., by tunicamycin).	Phorbol Esters	80-94	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	31-35
9547543-4	1997	Northern and Western analyses revealed a dramatic increase in levels of PGH synthase-1 mRNA and protein levels within 24 hr after treatment of THP-1 cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	72-86
9038873-1	1997	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), induces mucin secretion in the colonic tumor cell line T84 in a Ca(2+)-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	66-71
9192070-9	1997	Co-culture of blastemas with spinal ganglia partially reduces the decline in PKC activity, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a direct activator of PKC, also prevents the fall in membrane-bound PKC activity while stimulating blastema cell proliferation, in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	173-176
14646564-8	1997	Pre-treatment of wild-type CD4 expressing target cells by the phorbol ester PMA which leads to down-regulation of CD4, completely abolished apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	27-30
14646564-8	1997	Pre-treatment of wild-type CD4 expressing target cells by the phorbol ester PMA which leads to down-regulation of CD4, completely abolished apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	114-117
9192070-9	1997	Co-culture of blastemas with spinal ganglia partially reduces the decline in PKC activity, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a direct activator of PKC, also prevents the fall in membrane-bound PKC activity while stimulating blastema cell proliferation, in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	173-176
9192071-3	1997	In contrast, 24 h treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-3-acetate (TPA) downregulates calbindin-D28K and PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	126-129
8993840-2	1997	We demonstrate here that activation of ERKs in response to serum or phorbol ester stimulation was markedly repressed in three different rodent fibroblast cell lines stably transformed by v-Src.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-43
9302497-3	1997	Phorbol ester-induced PKC downregulation and measurements of PKC translocation within beta-cells provided useful information, but these studies were further complicated by the identification of novel PKC isoforms which do not possess diacylglycerol-binding sites or do not translocate upon stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	22-25
9067630-1	1997	Previous studies implicating a role for protein kinase C (PKC) in mediating stimulation of cellular responses by physiological agonists have relied on use of non-specific inhibitors or direct stimulation of PKC by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	214-228	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	40-56
9067630-1	1997	Previous studies implicating a role for protein kinase C (PKC) in mediating stimulation of cellular responses by physiological agonists have relied on use of non-specific inhibitors or direct stimulation of PKC by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	214-228	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	58-61
9067630-1	1997	Previous studies implicating a role for protein kinase C (PKC) in mediating stimulation of cellular responses by physiological agonists have relied on use of non-specific inhibitors or direct stimulation of PKC by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	214-228	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	207-210
8971075-2	1997	Glucagon (via the second messenger cAMP), retinoic acid, and glucocorticoids stimulate transcription of the PEPCK gene, whereas insulin and phorbol esters have a dominant inhibitory effect.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	108-113
8993840-2	1997	We demonstrate here that activation of ERKs in response to serum or phorbol ester stimulation was markedly repressed in three different rodent fibroblast cell lines stably transformed by v-Src.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	189-192
8978332-7	1997	Although the addition of either Ca2+ ionophore or phorbol ester resulted in little or no activation of JNK, simultaneous addition of both Ca2+ ionophore and phorbol ester markedly activated JNK.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	190-193
9218534-4	1997	In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	nuclear transcription factor, X-box binding 1	Homo sapiens	148-153
9020371-7	1997	Treatment of BL cells with phorbol ester for 72 h induced expression of the beta subunit mRNA and the CD11a and CD18 antigens on the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	102-107
9020371-7	1997	Treatment of BL cells with phorbol ester for 72 h induced expression of the beta subunit mRNA and the CD11a and CD18 antigens on the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
9218534-4	1997	In sharp contrast, in B cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), strong interactions between the X2 box and NF-X2 containing c-Fos were observed.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	165-170
9034963-2	1997	We investigated EPG turnover, including both 1-alkenyl-2-acyl- (plasmalogen) and diacyl-classes, in response to stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester (4 beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) in cultured C6 rat glioma cells.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	127-143
9034963-2	1997	We investigated EPG turnover, including both 1-alkenyl-2-acyl- (plasmalogen) and diacyl-classes, in response to stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester (4 beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) in cultured C6 rat glioma cells.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	145-148
9496375-0	1997	The microbial alkaloid toxin staurosporine blocks the phorbol ester-induced increase in beta-amyloid precursor protein in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	88-118
8978729-4	1997	Previous work from this laboratory has documented that phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) decreases dopamine transport Vmax in transiently expressing COS cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	83-99
8978729-4	1997	Previous work from this laboratory has documented that phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) decreases dopamine transport Vmax in transiently expressing COS cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
8996200-0	1997	Phorbol ester enhancement of IL-3-dependent proliferation of primitive hematopoietic progenitors of mice in culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	29-33
9255608-0	1997	Effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and phorbol ester on PAI-1 and PA genes in human lung cells.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
9046017-2	1997	PKC activity was measured in cytosolic and particulate fractions prepared from control myocytes and those treated with either phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) or a permeant synthetic diacylglycerol analog (1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol, OAG) in the absence or presence of an inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase activity, compound R59022.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	53-56
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	123-126
8988173-5	1997	In a search for cellular factors that could activate p21 during phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differentiation, we identified AP2 as a regulator of p21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	145-148
9473774-0	1997	The leukocyte common antigen (CD45) on human pre-B leukemia cells: variant glycoprotein form expression during the cell exposure to phorbol ester is blocked by a nonselective protein kinase inhibitor H7.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	4-34
9473774-9	1997	Modulation of CD45 by phorbol esters might serve as an in vitro model for an additional insight into the function of CD45 in hematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	14-18
9176893-7	1997	The verification that TIGR was a major stress response protein in HTM cells following hydrogen peroxide (or phorbol esters) exposure provided a potential link between GC and oxidative mechanisms thought to be involved in glaucoma pathogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	myocilin	Homo sapiens	22-26
9473774-9	1997	Modulation of CD45 by phorbol esters might serve as an in vitro model for an additional insight into the function of CD45 in hematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	117-121
9037533-5	1996	Down-regulation of PKC by overnight pre-treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) blocked only the phorbol ester-stimulated c-fos accumulation while no effect was observed in the carbachol-induced response.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
9459494-13	1997	In addition to the enhanced DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB, another transcription factor, AP-1, was also augmented in HUVEC stimulated by NiCl2, CoCl2 or by proinflammatory mediators and the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	52-61
9459494-13	1997	In addition to the enhanced DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB, another transcription factor, AP-1, was also augmented in HUVEC stimulated by NiCl2, CoCl2 or by proinflammatory mediators and the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	93-97
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	137-142
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	165-170
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	mitogen activated protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	175-179
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	271-276
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	mitogen activated protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	281-285
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	137-142
8969227-3	1996	Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with calphostin C or down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with a phorbol ester for 24 h abolished AngII-induced activation of Raf-1 and ERKs, and addition of a phorbol ester conversely induced a marked increase in the activities of Raf-1 and ERKs.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	165-170
9037533-5	1996	Down-regulation of PKC by overnight pre-treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) blocked only the phorbol ester-stimulated c-fos accumulation while no effect was observed in the carbachol-induced response.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	140-145
8971188-4	1996	The effect of PDB on both p42mapk and p90rsk activation could be prevented by down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by prolonged pretreatment with 800 nM PDB or treatment of SCLC cells with the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (GF 109203X), demonstrating the involvement of phorbol ester-sensitive PKCs in the signaling pathway leading to p42mapk activation.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	26-33
8979259-1	1996	Agents which stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), including phorbol esters, synergistically enhance STa effects on cGMP and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	41-44
8979259-4	1996	The STa receptor was phosphorylated in its basal state, and 32P content in the 150 kDa holoreceptor band increased 2-fold in cells exposed to phorbol ester for 1 h. In vitro, immunopurified STa receptor was readily phosphorylated by purified rat brain PKC.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	guanylate cyclase 2C	Rattus norvegicus	4-16
8979259-4	1996	The STa receptor was phosphorylated in its basal state, and 32P content in the 150 kDa holoreceptor band increased 2-fold in cells exposed to phorbol ester for 1 h. In vitro, immunopurified STa receptor was readily phosphorylated by purified rat brain PKC.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	guanylate cyclase 2C	Rattus norvegicus	190-202
8979259-4	1996	The STa receptor was phosphorylated in its basal state, and 32P content in the 150 kDa holoreceptor band increased 2-fold in cells exposed to phorbol ester for 1 h. In vitro, immunopurified STa receptor was readily phosphorylated by purified rat brain PKC.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	252-255
8971188-4	1996	The effect of PDB on both p42mapk and p90rsk activation could be prevented by down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by prolonged pretreatment with 800 nM PDB or treatment of SCLC cells with the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (GF 109203X), demonstrating the involvement of phorbol ester-sensitive PKCs in the signaling pathway leading to p42mapk activation.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1	Homo sapiens	38-44
8971188-4	1996	The effect of PDB on both p42mapk and p90rsk activation could be prevented by down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by prolonged pretreatment with 800 nM PDB or treatment of SCLC cells with the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (GF 109203X), demonstrating the involvement of phorbol ester-sensitive PKCs in the signaling pathway leading to p42mapk activation.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	26-29
8955215-6	1996	The P2zR-mediated PLD activity was distinguished from phorbol ester-stimulated PLD activity because the latter was slowly activated (t(1/2) > 15 min), unaffected by oxidized ATP or KN-62, and completely inhibited by bisindolylmaleimide.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	79-82
9000129-1	1996	The inducible uPA enhancer contains two phorbol ester responsive elements: the combined PEA3/AP-1A and a downstream AP-1B site.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	14-17
8955209-1	1996	We have analyzed the induction of the receptor for the anaphylatoxic peptide C3a (C3aR) by the immunomodulator IFN-gamma, the phorbol ester PMA, and dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP) in comparison with the C5a receptor (C5aR, CD88).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	complement C3	Homo sapiens	77-80
8943287-2	1996	In vitro studies using phorbol esters have implicated the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway as being involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	76-79
8955209-1	1996	We have analyzed the induction of the receptor for the anaphylatoxic peptide C3a (C3aR) by the immunomodulator IFN-gamma, the phorbol ester PMA, and dibutyryl cAMP (Bt2cAMP) in comparison with the C5a receptor (C5aR, CD88).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	complement C3a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	82-86
8940195-7	1996	Using the same experimental system, here we report that besides the predominant pool of 80-kDa PKC-alpha forms that respond to phorbol ester by translocating to the cell membranes and down-regulating, there is a small pool of cytosolic 82-kDa PKC-alpha forms that are characterized by a more acidic pI and by an unique resistance to phorbol ester-mediated translocation and down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	333-346	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
8943310-8	1996	When the SHR-VSM cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, there was an activation of MAPK similar in size and duration to the response to AII, but there was no significant enhancement of [3H]thymidine incorporation.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
8943310-8	1996	When the SHR-VSM cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, there was an activation of MAPK similar in size and duration to the response to AII, but there was no significant enhancement of [3H]thymidine incorporation.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
8943252-5	1996	These results suggest that PKC-epsilon can regulate a pathway that promotes iNOS expression in macrophages in response to phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	27-38
8943252-5	1996	These results suggest that PKC-epsilon can regulate a pathway that promotes iNOS expression in macrophages in response to phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	76-80
8940195-1	1996	Cell exposure to phorbol ester stimulates translocation and activation of protein kinase C (PKC), ultimately followed by its down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
8940195-3	1996	With a two-dimensional immunoblot procedure we have previously shown the existence in PC12 cells of several multiply phosphorylated forms of PKC-alpha, whose number increases in response to phorbol esters (Gatti, A., Wang, X., and Robinson, P. J.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	141-150
8940195-7	1996	Using the same experimental system, here we report that besides the predominant pool of 80-kDa PKC-alpha forms that respond to phorbol ester by translocating to the cell membranes and down-regulating, there is a small pool of cytosolic 82-kDa PKC-alpha forms that are characterized by a more acidic pI and by an unique resistance to phorbol ester-mediated translocation and down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
8940195-8	1996	The appearance of similarly slower migrating and more acidic PKC-alpha forms is reproduced upon in vitro autophosphorylation in the presence of phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester, but not in the presence of calcium.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	61-70
8943872-0	1996	Phorbol ester stimulation increases sickle erythrocyte adherence to endothelium: a novel pathway involving alpha 4 beta 1 integrin receptors on sickle reticulocytes and fibronectin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	169-180
8997264-6	1996	Prolonged treatment with phorbol ester promoted the inhibitory effects of OA on elastin, as did shorter treatment with IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	elastin	Homo sapiens	80-87
8959344-10	1996	Stimulation of AP1 activity by phorbol ester was suppressed by retinoic acid, and cotransfection with a c-jun expression vector reversed the retinoic acid response.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-18
9013781-10	1996	When GT1-7 cells are treated with the phorbol ester PMA (phorbol, 12-myristate, 13-acetate) for 1 h, GnRH primary transcript levels decrease by approximately 70%.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	101-105
8943957-5	1996	After infection with RAd35 beta-Gal at 30, 100, and 1000 plaque-forming units per cell (pfu/cell), expression of beta-galactosidase was augmented up to 17-, 19-, and 23-fold, respectively, in human VSMCs treated with forskolin and phorbol ester compared with unstimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	231-244	galactosidase beta 1	Homo sapiens	113-131
8977272-3	1996	Our results indicate that ligation of the CD44 receptor results in the induction of expression of the CD69 surface activation antigen as well as in the enhancement of phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha secretion.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	42-46
8922366-5	1996	IL-1beta also diminished insulin secretion induced by pure mitochondrial fuels, 40 mmol/l K+, or a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
8977326-4	1996	Here we demonstrate that phorbol ester phorbol 12-myrislate 13-acetate (PMA), which increases tyrosine phosphorylation by stimulating protein kinase C and p21ras, can overcome the CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	155-161
8977272-3	1996	Our results indicate that ligation of the CD44 receptor results in the induction of expression of the CD69 surface activation antigen as well as in the enhancement of phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha secretion.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	189-198
8970890-5	1996	Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses of human G-292 osteosarcoma cells and rat calvarial osteoblastic cells showed that phorbol ester and serum increase IP3R mRNA levels, whereas 17 beta-estradiol and 1,25(OH)2D3 decrease these levels.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
8977326-4	1996	Here we demonstrate that phorbol ester phorbol 12-myrislate 13-acetate (PMA), which increases tyrosine phosphorylation by stimulating protein kinase C and p21ras, can overcome the CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4	Mus musculus	180-186
8957112-4	1996	Phorbol ester (PMA) plus Ca-ionophore treatment efficiently induced CD40L.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	68-73
9022291-0	1996	Phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) prevents ornithine decarboxylase inhibition and apoptosis and L1210 leukemic cells exposed to TGF-beta 1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	62-85
9022291-0	1996	Phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) prevents ornithine decarboxylase inhibition and apoptosis and L1210 leukemic cells exposed to TGF-beta 1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	147-157
8952699-1	1996	Amphiregulin (AR) can be induced at the mRNA level by 17-beta-estradiol (E2) or the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	84-97	amphiregulin	Homo sapiens	0-12
8952699-1	1996	Amphiregulin (AR) can be induced at the mRNA level by 17-beta-estradiol (E2) or the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	84-97	amphiregulin	Homo sapiens	14-16
8952703-9	1996	Activation of PKC with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated the secretion of ET-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
9049971-0	1996	Phorbol ester PMA induces expression of the thrombopoietin receptor MPL in leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	thrombopoietin	Homo sapiens	44-58
8931480-8	1996	By comparison, phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of this activity and of PKC delta and epsilon immunoreactivity was absent in cortex from aged animals, as well as the translocation of the calcium-dependent PKC beta, also known to interact with RACK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
8931480-8	1996	By comparison, phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of this activity and of PKC delta and epsilon immunoreactivity was absent in cortex from aged animals, as well as the translocation of the calcium-dependent PKC beta, also known to interact with RACK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	211-219
8931480-8	1996	By comparison, phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of this activity and of PKC delta and epsilon immunoreactivity was absent in cortex from aged animals, as well as the translocation of the calcium-dependent PKC beta, also known to interact with RACK1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	249-254
8943328-6	1996	Although IkappaBalpha degradation can be induced by phorbol ester alone, degradation of IkappaBbeta is largely dependent on the CD28 costimulatory signal.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	9-21
8970984-0	1996	Synergistic interactions between overlapping binding sites for the serum response factor and ELK-1 proteins mediate both basal enhancement and phorbol ester responsiveness of primate cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoters in monocyte and T-lymphocyte cell types.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	serum response factor	Homo sapiens	67-88
8970984-0	1996	Synergistic interactions between overlapping binding sites for the serum response factor and ELK-1 proteins mediate both basal enhancement and phorbol ester responsiveness of primate cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoters in monocyte and T-lymphocyte cell types.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	ETS transcription factor ELK1	Homo sapiens	93-98
8943349-3	1996	Here we report that agents promoting differentiation but not proliferation of hematopoietic cells, like phorbol ester or both types of interferons (IFNs), activate Stat5 in promonocytic U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A	Homo sapiens	164-169
9049971-0	1996	Phorbol ester PMA induces expression of the thrombopoietin receptor MPL in leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	MPL proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin receptor	Homo sapiens	68-71
8989914-7	1996	Additionally, the non-tumor-promoting phorbol ester analogue 4 alpha-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced PGHS-2 mRNA significantly by 1 h, and this response remained elevated up to 6 h after treatment.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	114-120
8970151-4	1996	The protein kinase C inhibitor GF 109203X and down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged pretreatment of cells with phorbol esters blocked bombesin-stimulated activation of p42mapk, p90rsk, and MAPK kinase-1 but did not prevent bombesin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	179-186
8970151-4	1996	The protein kinase C inhibitor GF 109203X and down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged pretreatment of cells with phorbol esters blocked bombesin-stimulated activation of p42mapk, p90rsk, and MAPK kinase-1 but did not prevent bombesin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	ribosomal protein S6 kinase, polypeptide 2	Mus musculus	188-194
8970151-4	1996	The protein kinase C inhibitor GF 109203X and down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged pretreatment of cells with phorbol esters blocked bombesin-stimulated activation of p42mapk, p90rsk, and MAPK kinase-1 but did not prevent bombesin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	279-286
8906816-8	1996	Capsaicin also blocked phorbol ester-mediated NF-kappa B activation, but that mediated through okadaic acid was less effective, suggesting there is a difference in the mechanism of activation of NF-kappa B by different agents.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	46-56
8939883-0	1996	Novel form of p21(WAF1/CIP1/SDI1) protein in phorbol ester-induced G2/M arrest.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	14-33
8939986-3	1996	Activation of RelB was observed in three mouse fibroblast lines, and agents activating RelB in quiescent and cycling cells included platelet-derived growth factor, phorbol ester, and serum.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	avian reticuloendotheliosis viral (v-rel) oncogene related B	Mus musculus	87-91
8939924-10	1996	Treatment with phorbol ester enhanced the induction of scd1 mRNA by cAMP, suggesting the involvement of AP-2 as a mediator of the cAMP response.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	stearoyl-CoA desaturase	Homo sapiens	55-59
8939924-10	1996	Treatment with phorbol ester enhanced the induction of scd1 mRNA by cAMP, suggesting the involvement of AP-2 as a mediator of the cAMP response.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	104-108
8906816-8	1996	Capsaicin also blocked phorbol ester-mediated NF-kappa B activation, but that mediated through okadaic acid was less effective, suggesting there is a difference in the mechanism of activation of NF-kappa B by different agents.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	195-205
8947045-1	1996	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is directly stimulated in vitro by phorbol esters and diacylglycerol in the presence of phospholipids.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	0-16
8910604-4	1996	uPAR by growth factors or phorbol ester was necessary for vitronectin-dependent carcinoma cell migration, an event mediated by integrin alphavbeta5.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	vitronectin	Homo sapiens	58-69
8910539-0	1996	Protein kinase Calpha is a major mediator of the stimulatory effect of phorbol ester on phospholipase D-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	88-103
8910539-9	1996	Collectively, the results suggest that PKC-alpha has a major role in the mediation of phorbol ester action on PtdEtn hydrolysis, while PtdCho hydrolysis may be regulated by both the alpha and betaI isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	39-48
8947045-1	1996	Protein kinase D (PKD) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is directly stimulated in vitro by phorbol esters and diacylglycerol in the presence of phospholipids.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	18-21
8947045-3	1996	Our results demonstrate that tumour-promoting phorbol esters, membrane-permeant diacylglycerol and serum growth factors rapidly induced PKD activation in immortalized cell lines (e.g. Swiss 3T3 and Rat-1 cells), in secondary cultures of mouse embryo fibroblasts and in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with a PKD expression construct.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	136-139
8947045-3	1996	Our results demonstrate that tumour-promoting phorbol esters, membrane-permeant diacylglycerol and serum growth factors rapidly induced PKD activation in immortalized cell lines (e.g. Swiss 3T3 and Rat-1 cells), in secondary cultures of mouse embryo fibroblasts and in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with a PKD expression construct.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	312-315
8955949-7	1996	Compared with control, LTP and PDAc slices show greater PKC-alpha and -epsilon immunoreactivity in the membrane fraction, indicating that both LTP and phorbol ester treatment induce translocation of PKC-alpha and -epsilon from cytosol to membrane.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	56-65
8937450-3	1996	The release of the protease and the production of short neurite outgrowth were found to be protein-kinase-A-dependent events that could be enhanced by simultaneous activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	91-107
8937450-3	1996	The release of the protease and the production of short neurite outgrowth were found to be protein-kinase-A-dependent events that could be enhanced by simultaneous activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	178-192
8920912-1	1996	For example, phorbol ester differentiation of U937 cells results in both an increase in adhesion to fibronectin through alpha 5 beta 1 integrin and the ability to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through the secretion of gelatinase B (1, 2).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	100-111
8920912-1	1996	For example, phorbol ester differentiation of U937 cells results in both an increase in adhesion to fibronectin through alpha 5 beta 1 integrin and the ability to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through the secretion of gelatinase B (1, 2).	Phorbol Esters	13-26	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	128-143
8972720-5	1996	Expression of gliostatin/PD-ECGF in epidermoid carcinoma cell (A431) and stomach cancer cell (MKN45) was induced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP and phorbol ester, and uniquely in MKN45 by hydrocortisone.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	thymidine phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	14-24
8972720-5	1996	Expression of gliostatin/PD-ECGF in epidermoid carcinoma cell (A431) and stomach cancer cell (MKN45) was induced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP and phorbol ester, and uniquely in MKN45 by hydrocortisone.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	thymidine phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	25-32
8955949-7	1996	Compared with control, LTP and PDAc slices show greater PKC-alpha and -epsilon immunoreactivity in the membrane fraction, indicating that both LTP and phorbol ester treatment induce translocation of PKC-alpha and -epsilon from cytosol to membrane.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	199-208
8955949-8	1996	However, with PKC-beta and PKC-gamma the only detectable translocation from cytosol to membrane was in the phorbol ester-treated slices.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	14-22
8955949-8	1996	However, with PKC-beta and PKC-gamma the only detectable translocation from cytosol to membrane was in the phorbol ester-treated slices.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	27-36
8955949-9	1996	Thus, while phorbol ester treatment causes translocation of PKC-alpha, -beta, -gamma and -epsilon, the only detectable translocation associated with CA3 LTP is that of PKC-alpha and -epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	60-97
8955949-9	1996	Thus, while phorbol ester treatment causes translocation of PKC-alpha, -beta, -gamma and -epsilon, the only detectable translocation associated with CA3 LTP is that of PKC-alpha and -epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	60-69
9117353-3	1996	L-selectin-induced adhesion to these integrin ligands shares characteristics with CD3 mAb- or phorbol ester-induced adhesion in requiring metabolic energy, tyrosine kinase and ligand-stimulated Ca2+ channel activity.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	selectin L	Homo sapiens	0-10
9196561-0	1996	Pretreatment with phorbol ester and an LHRH agonist reduces testosterone production and protein kinase C activity in rat Leydig cells challenged with PDBu and LHRH.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	88-104
9196561-0	1996	Pretreatment with phorbol ester and an LHRH agonist reduces testosterone production and protein kinase C activity in rat Leydig cells challenged with PDBu and LHRH.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-163
9196561-6	1996	The effect of phorbol ester pretreatment on PDBu- or LHRH-stimulated testosterone secretion and PK-C activity was specific (no measurable effect with 4 alpha-PDBu, an inactive phorbol ester).	Phorbol Esters	14-27	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
9196561-6	1996	The effect of phorbol ester pretreatment on PDBu- or LHRH-stimulated testosterone secretion and PK-C activity was specific (no measurable effect with 4 alpha-PDBu, an inactive phorbol ester).	Phorbol Esters	176-189	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
9196561-8	1996	We conclude that down-modulation of protein kinase C by prolonged exposure of Leydig cells to phorbol esters or LHRH-A results in decreased PK-C activity and testosterone secretion.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	36-52
9196561-8	1996	We conclude that down-modulation of protein kinase C by prolonged exposure of Leydig cells to phorbol esters or LHRH-A results in decreased PK-C activity and testosterone secretion.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	140-144
8888693-11	1996	Downregulation of PKC by 24-hour exposure to phorbol ester significantly inhibited Ang II-stimulated and PDGF-stimulated MAPKKK activity (approximately 80% decrease) and Raf translocation (approximately 90% decrease), suggesting that a phorbol-responsive PKC is upstream from MAPKKK and Raf.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	83-89
8863492-2	1996	An element located within 100 bases of the VIP promoter [the VIP cyclic AMP-responsive element (VIP-CRE)] confers cyclic AMP and phorbol ester responsiveness to heterologous promoters.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	61-64
8950233-3	1996	Phorbol esters are thought to regulate gene expression principally through the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), a family of structurally related kinases with potentially unique activation requirements and substrate specificities.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	111-114
8950233-12	1996	The isoforms that are translocated by both phorbol esters-PKC isoforms alpha and theta, and particularly epsilon-are more likely to transduce the signals that stimulate Dami cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-76
9024988-6	1996	THP-1 cells were primed with a phorbol ester (PMA) for 24 h, then they were cultured for 4 and 24 h in the presence of inactivated culture supernatant of dengue infected AP61 cells or control preparations.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
8895320-8	1996	CT-induced down-regulation of the CTR was not mimicked by receptor-independent activation of protein kinase A or protein kinase C. However, treatment of cells for 24 h, but not for 4 h, with phorbol ester caused a partial loss of CTR binding in UMR106-06 cells and resulted in an approximately 200% increase in CTR binding in transfected HEK 293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	calcitonin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
8895320-8	1996	CT-induced down-regulation of the CTR was not mimicked by receptor-independent activation of protein kinase A or protein kinase C. However, treatment of cells for 24 h, but not for 4 h, with phorbol ester caused a partial loss of CTR binding in UMR106-06 cells and resulted in an approximately 200% increase in CTR binding in transfected HEK 293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	calcitonin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	230-233
8895320-8	1996	CT-induced down-regulation of the CTR was not mimicked by receptor-independent activation of protein kinase A or protein kinase C. However, treatment of cells for 24 h, but not for 4 h, with phorbol ester caused a partial loss of CTR binding in UMR106-06 cells and resulted in an approximately 200% increase in CTR binding in transfected HEK 293 cells.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	calcitonin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	230-233
8863492-1	1996	An upstream enhancer element [tissue specifier element (TSE)] located between 4.66 and 4.02 kb from the transcription start site is important for cell type-specific expression and phorbol ester induction of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	211-240
8863492-1	1996	An upstream enhancer element [tissue specifier element (TSE)] located between 4.66 and 4.02 kb from the transcription start site is important for cell type-specific expression and phorbol ester induction of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	242-245
8863492-2	1996	An element located within 100 bases of the VIP promoter [the VIP cyclic AMP-responsive element (VIP-CRE)] confers cyclic AMP and phorbol ester responsiveness to heterologous promoters.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	43-46
8863492-2	1996	An element located within 100 bases of the VIP promoter [the VIP cyclic AMP-responsive element (VIP-CRE)] confers cyclic AMP and phorbol ester responsiveness to heterologous promoters.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	61-64
9154234-7	1996	Furthermore, protein kinase C activators (phorbol ester and 1-oleyl-2-acetyl-glycerol) and tacrine reversed A beta-induced toxicity.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	108-114
9009257-5	1996	When stimulated with phorbol ester in vitro the leukemic cells morphologically differentiated to myeloid cells developing CD13, CD15 and CD56 antigens.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	122-126
9009257-5	1996	When stimulated with phorbol ester in vitro the leukemic cells morphologically differentiated to myeloid cells developing CD13, CD15 and CD56 antigens.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	fucosyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	128-132
9009257-5	1996	When stimulated with phorbol ester in vitro the leukemic cells morphologically differentiated to myeloid cells developing CD13, CD15 and CD56 antigens.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
8849450-2	1996	Treatment of human cell lines with soluble monomeric gp120 at 37 degrees C induced an association between the surface CD4-gp120 complex and a 45-kilodalton protein, which can be down-modulated by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	53-58
8849450-2	1996	Treatment of human cell lines with soluble monomeric gp120 at 37 degrees C induced an association between the surface CD4-gp120 complex and a 45-kilodalton protein, which can be down-modulated by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	118-121
8849450-2	1996	Treatment of human cell lines with soluble monomeric gp120 at 37 degrees C induced an association between the surface CD4-gp120 complex and a 45-kilodalton protein, which can be down-modulated by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	122-127
8921441-8	1996	By contrast, CD28 mediated co-stimulation involving receptor ligation plus phorbol ester/lonomycin induced IL-2 independent of Pl3-kinase binding to CD28.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	13-17
8824277-7	1996	In LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone achieved this effect through maintenance of IkappaBalpha protein levels in the face of phorbol ester, a stimulus that results in IkappaBalpha degradation.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	191-203
8917435-2	1996	Treatment of HepG2 cells with the phorbol ester PMA or serum rapidly and transiently increased c-Jun and c-Fos mRNA and protein levels prior to PAI-1 induction.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	95-100
8917435-2	1996	Treatment of HepG2 cells with the phorbol ester PMA or serum rapidly and transiently increased c-Jun and c-Fos mRNA and protein levels prior to PAI-1 induction.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	105-110
8917435-2	1996	Treatment of HepG2 cells with the phorbol ester PMA or serum rapidly and transiently increased c-Jun and c-Fos mRNA and protein levels prior to PAI-1 induction.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	144-149
8897815-3	1996	Stimulation of insulin release evoked by glucose, phospholipase C activation with carbachol, and protein kinase C activation with phorbol ester were obtained by SIN-1, whereas the response to adenylyl cyclase activation or K(+)-induced depolarization was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	insulin	Homo sapiens	15-22
8897815-3	1996	Stimulation of insulin release evoked by glucose, phospholipase C activation with carbachol, and protein kinase C activation with phorbol ester were obtained by SIN-1, whereas the response to adenylyl cyclase activation or K(+)-induced depolarization was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	MAPK associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	161-166
8826977-8	1996	In keeping with the possibility that PKC activation may contribute to impaired glycogen synthase activation in GK muscles, phorbol esters inhibited, and a PKC inhibitor, RO 31-8220, increased insulin effects on glycogen synthesis in soleus muscles incubated in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
8826980-4	1996	Antibody cross-linking of RT6 enhanced expression of the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor and potentiated the proliferation of rat T-cells cultured in the presence of phorbol ester plus recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) and/or rIL-4.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	ADP-ribosyltransferase 2b	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
8826980-4	1996	Antibody cross-linking of RT6 enhanced expression of the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor and potentiated the proliferation of rat T-cells cultured in the presence of phorbol ester plus recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) and/or rIL-4.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
8826980-6	1996	Pretreatment of T-cells with phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of proteins that coimmunoprecipitated with RT6, altered the electrophoretic mobility of several of these coimmunoprecipitated phosphoproteins, and increased the amount of p60fyn and p56lck coimmunoprecipitated with RT6.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	ADP-ribosyltransferase 2b	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
8826980-6	1996	Pretreatment of T-cells with phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of proteins that coimmunoprecipitated with RT6, altered the electrophoretic mobility of several of these coimmunoprecipitated phosphoproteins, and increased the amount of p60fyn and p56lck coimmunoprecipitated with RT6.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	255-261
8826980-6	1996	Pretreatment of T-cells with phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of proteins that coimmunoprecipitated with RT6, altered the electrophoretic mobility of several of these coimmunoprecipitated phosphoproteins, and increased the amount of p60fyn and p56lck coimmunoprecipitated with RT6.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	ADP-ribosyltransferase 2b	Rattus norvegicus	288-291
8912000-3	1996	Phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation of the promyelocyte cell line HL60 led to increases in the steady-state levels of beta 2 and beta 7 mRNA transcripts, requiring a period of 10 and 24 h, respectively, of de novo protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	130-147
8824249-0	1996	Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 gene induction by tumor necrosis factor and phorbol ester involves transcriptional and post-transcriptional events.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	0-38
8912814-1	1996	The protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction pathway is the prototype of a growth factor-responsive intracellular signaling system, which is activated by various cytokines, growth factors and tumor promoters, such as the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	223-236	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	22-25
8898893-2	1996	The PAI-2 gene is one of the most TNF-responsive genes known and is also highly induced by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, in both HT-1080 fibrosarcoma and U-937 histiocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	4-9
8898893-2	1996	The PAI-2 gene is one of the most TNF-responsive genes known and is also highly induced by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, in both HT-1080 fibrosarcoma and U-937 histiocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-37
8921441-8	1996	By contrast, CD28 mediated co-stimulation involving receptor ligation plus phorbol ester/lonomycin induced IL-2 independent of Pl3-kinase binding to CD28.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	107-111
8912151-7	1996	In addition, insulin or phorbol esters decreased by 50% the PEPCK rate of transcription and its mRNA accumulation induced by dibutyryl cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	60-65
8855796-12	1996	In cultured dog thyrocytes, phorbol esters, and STSP induced DNA synthesis and dedifferentiation, whereas thapsigargin inhibited TSH-induced growth and killed phorbol esters stimulated cells, suggesting a positive role of PLD stimulation towards dedifferentiated growth and of simultaneously raised [Ca2+)i and stimulated protein kinase C-PLD towards growth arrest and cellular death.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	339-342
8858934-0	1996	Phorbol esters but not the cholinergic agonists oxotremorine-M and carbachol increase release of the amyloid precursor protein in cultured rat cortical neurons.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	101-126
8858934-6	1996	Activation of protein kinase C by the phorbol esters phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased production of the soluble form of the amyloid precursor protein dramatically.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	162-187
8912151-8	1996	This inhibitory effect of insulin or phorbol esters on PEPCK gene expression was accompanied by an increase in the rate of transcription and mRNA content of nuclear factors such as c-fos and c-myc, the expression of C/EBPs remaining essentially unmodified.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	55-60
8912151-8	1996	This inhibitory effect of insulin or phorbol esters on PEPCK gene expression was accompanied by an increase in the rate of transcription and mRNA content of nuclear factors such as c-fos and c-myc, the expression of C/EBPs remaining essentially unmodified.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	181-186
8912151-8	1996	This inhibitory effect of insulin or phorbol esters on PEPCK gene expression was accompanied by an increase in the rate of transcription and mRNA content of nuclear factors such as c-fos and c-myc, the expression of C/EBPs remaining essentially unmodified.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	191-196
8816467-11	1996	bcl-2 expression is increased following phorbol ester treatment, and the increased expression is dependent on the CRE site.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-5
9121495-0	1996	Phorbol ester regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene in GnRH-secreting cell lines: a molecular basis for species differences.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	32-62
8816492-5	1996	Transient overexpression of 14-3-3 tau suppressed stimulation of the interleukin 2 (IL-2) promoter mediated by cotransfected wild-type or constitutively active PKC theta, as well as by endogenous PKC in ionomycin- and/or phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	69-82
8816492-5	1996	Transient overexpression of 14-3-3 tau suppressed stimulation of the interleukin 2 (IL-2) promoter mediated by cotransfected wild-type or constitutively active PKC theta, as well as by endogenous PKC in ionomycin- and/or phorbol ester-stimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	84-88
9121495-0	1996	Phorbol ester regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene in GnRH-secreting cell lines: a molecular basis for species differences.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	64-68
9121495-8	1996	This is the first demonstration of species-specific differences in phorbol ester regulation of GnRH gene transcription and could, in part, explain differences in reproductive function among mammals.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	95-99
9121495-0	1996	Phorbol ester regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene in GnRH-secreting cell lines: a molecular basis for species differences.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	78-82
9121495-1	1996	Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) regulation of the GnRH gene was studied in two mouse GnRH neuronal cell lines, Gn11 and NLT.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	76-80
8798588-4	1996	In primary myometrial cells treated with phorbol ester, transient increases in c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels were observed at 2-4 h, followed by significant increases in connexin-43 protein levels at 6-8 h. Nuclear run-on transcription analysis showed an increase in connexin-43 transcription 3 h after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	79-84
8972047-8	1996	Stimulation of macrophages with phorbol ester activated the cells to secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	77-104
8972047-8	1996	Stimulation of macrophages with phorbol ester activated the cells to secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	106-115
8879435-8	1996	The inhibition of myeloperoxidase activity was observed for both the isolated enzyme and in phorbol ester stimulated murine peritoneal neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	18-33
8798588-4	1996	In primary myometrial cells treated with phorbol ester, transient increases in c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels were observed at 2-4 h, followed by significant increases in connexin-43 protein levels at 6-8 h. Nuclear run-on transcription analysis showed an increase in connexin-43 transcription 3 h after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	89-94
8798588-4	1996	In primary myometrial cells treated with phorbol ester, transient increases in c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels were observed at 2-4 h, followed by significant increases in connexin-43 protein levels at 6-8 h. Nuclear run-on transcription analysis showed an increase in connexin-43 transcription 3 h after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	171-182
8798588-4	1996	In primary myometrial cells treated with phorbol ester, transient increases in c-Fos and c-Jun protein levels were observed at 2-4 h, followed by significant increases in connexin-43 protein levels at 6-8 h. Nuclear run-on transcription analysis showed an increase in connexin-43 transcription 3 h after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	268-279
8798588-6	1996	Transcription from a reporter plasmid containing the proximal human connexin-43 promoter was increased in transfected primary cultures treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	68-79
8798512-0	1996	Requirement of an upstream AP-1 motif for the constitutive and phorbol ester-inducible expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor gene.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	105-150
8836156-0	1996	Inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase gene expression by cAMP and phorbol esters in 3T3-F442A and BFC-1 adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	lipase, hormone sensitive	Mus musculus	14-38
8798512-13	1996	Treatment of GEO cells with phorbol ester increased u-PAR mRNA and the activity of a CAT reporter driven by the wild-type but not the AP-1 (-184)-mutated u-PAR promoter, and this was associated with a strong induction in the amount of Jun-D, c-Jun, and c-Fos.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	52-57
8798512-13	1996	Treatment of GEO cells with phorbol ester increased u-PAR mRNA and the activity of a CAT reporter driven by the wild-type but not the AP-1 (-184)-mutated u-PAR promoter, and this was associated with a strong induction in the amount of Jun-D, c-Jun, and c-Fos.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	154-159
8798512-13	1996	Treatment of GEO cells with phorbol ester increased u-PAR mRNA and the activity of a CAT reporter driven by the wild-type but not the AP-1 (-184)-mutated u-PAR promoter, and this was associated with a strong induction in the amount of Jun-D, c-Jun, and c-Fos.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	235-240
8798512-13	1996	Treatment of GEO cells with phorbol ester increased u-PAR mRNA and the activity of a CAT reporter driven by the wild-type but not the AP-1 (-184)-mutated u-PAR promoter, and this was associated with a strong induction in the amount of Jun-D, c-Jun, and c-Fos.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	242-247
8798512-13	1996	Treatment of GEO cells with phorbol ester increased u-PAR mRNA and the activity of a CAT reporter driven by the wild-type but not the AP-1 (-184)-mutated u-PAR promoter, and this was associated with a strong induction in the amount of Jun-D, c-Jun, and c-Fos.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	253-258
8822972-7	1996	Also, phorbol ester-treated macrophages cultured in apo B-free medium developed epitopes for Ox5.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	52-57
8964085-4	1996	This motif binds Oct-1 and Oct-2 as well as the phorbol ester and calcium ionophore-inducible jun and fos AP-1 factors.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	102-105
8779723-4	1996	The role of CBP/P300 in the transcriptional response to cyclic AMP, phorbol esters, serum, the lipophilic hormones and as the target of the E1A oncoprotein suggests they may serve as integrators of extracellular and intracellular signalling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	CREB binding protein	Homo sapiens	12-20
8798386-4	1996	The implied requirement for protein kinase C, however, was negated in studies with bisindolylmaleimide and Ro-31-8220, which, although completely inhibiting activation of ERK2 by phorbol ester, had no impact on activation by 8-OH-DPAT.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	171-175
8826855-7	1996	Moreover, depletion of PKC alpha by phorbol ester in HeLa-MDR1 transfectants had no influence on rhodamine 123 accumulation after 24 or 48 h. MDR reversal activity of GF 109203X was seen at higher final drug concentrations, however.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	23-32
8887544-5	1996	Additionally, Wg-induced inactivation of GSK-3 is sensitive to both the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Ro31-8220 and prolonged pre-treatment of 10T1/2 fibroblasts with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	41-46
8790149-8	1996	Coexpression of CD7 was detected on 8.7-34.5% (mean 17.3%) of this CD 13/33+ cell population, but it was induced to decrease significantly after short-term in vitro culture with the differentiation-inducing agent phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	213-226	CD7 molecule	Homo sapiens	16-19
8872364-20	1996	We suggest that the reason for the poor effects of lipophilic long chain phorbol esters (PMA, dPT) on transmitter release is that they are sequestered in the plasmalemma and do not access the cell cytoplasm where the PKC may be located.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	Diptericin A	Drosophila melanogaster	94-97
8906563-2	1996	Correlation with metabolism of membrane phospholipids suggests that PKC-alpha and MARCKS may be required to mediate phosphatidylcholine turnover stimulated by phorbol ester (beta-TPA).	Phorbol Esters	159-172	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	68-77
8878412-3	1996	Treatment of MCF-7 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (100 nM) was associated with a high expression of MMP-1 mRNA, as well as an induction of the level of TIMP-1 mRNA (5- to 10-fold).	Phorbol Esters	34-47	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
8878412-3	1996	Treatment of MCF-7 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (100 nM) was associated with a high expression of MMP-1 mRNA, as well as an induction of the level of TIMP-1 mRNA (5- to 10-fold).	Phorbol Esters	34-47	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	193-199
8909987-0	1996	GTP-binding protein regulates the contractile response elicited by the phorbol ester (PMA)-induced activation of protein kinase C in the isolated rat aorta.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	RAS like proto-oncogene B	Rattus norvegicus	0-19
8816913-1	1996	Studies on the link between cellular signalling and cell cycle control at the G2 checkpoint have shown that, in HeLa cells, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) rapidly inhibit the G2-M transition by preventing the key component of mitosis-promoting factor (MPF), p34cdc2, from expressing protein kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	mesothelin	Homo sapiens	290-314
8816913-1	1996	Studies on the link between cellular signalling and cell cycle control at the G2 checkpoint have shown that, in HeLa cells, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) rapidly inhibit the G2-M transition by preventing the key component of mitosis-promoting factor (MPF), p34cdc2, from expressing protein kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	mesothelin	Homo sapiens	316-319
8816913-1	1996	Studies on the link between cellular signalling and cell cycle control at the G2 checkpoint have shown that, in HeLa cells, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) rapidly inhibit the G2-M transition by preventing the key component of mitosis-promoting factor (MPF), p34cdc2, from expressing protein kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	322-329
8886999-9	1996	In PBMC stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester, there was a decrease (72-87%) in interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) production 6 hr after IL-10 with a return to pre-IL-10 levels after 24 hr.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	95-111
8886999-9	1996	In PBMC stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester, there was a decrease (72-87%) in interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) production 6 hr after IL-10 with a return to pre-IL-10 levels after 24 hr.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	113-122
8886999-9	1996	In PBMC stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester, there was a decrease (72-87%) in interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) production 6 hr after IL-10 with a return to pre-IL-10 levels after 24 hr.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	146-151
8886999-9	1996	In PBMC stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester, there was a decrease (72-87%) in interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) production 6 hr after IL-10 with a return to pre-IL-10 levels after 24 hr.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	173-178
8943704-8	1996	Activation of the protein kinase C pathway in these cells with the phorbol ester PMA significantly increased the release of soluble p55 (P < or = 0.001); whereas, pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase C with calphostin-C significantly decreased the shedding of p55 (P < or = 0.001).	Phorbol Esters	67-80	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	132-135
8943704-8	1996	Activation of the protein kinase C pathway in these cells with the phorbol ester PMA significantly increased the release of soluble p55 (P < or = 0.001); whereas, pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase C with calphostin-C significantly decreased the shedding of p55 (P < or = 0.001).	Phorbol Esters	67-80	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	271-274
8886989-4	1996	In these cells protein kinase C alpha is translocated into the nucleus after stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	15-37
8906563-2	1996	Correlation with metabolism of membrane phospholipids suggests that PKC-alpha and MARCKS may be required to mediate phosphatidylcholine turnover stimulated by phorbol ester (beta-TPA).	Phorbol Esters	159-172	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	82-88
8819496-7	1996	Pretreatment of P11-5HT1A cells with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), also resulted in desensitization of the 5-HT1A receptor, as indicated by a marked decrease in the potency and intrinsic activity of 8-OH-DPAT.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	135-150
8876673-1	1996	Previous studies in this laboratory have implicated the membrane transport protein Na/K/Cl cotransporter (NKCC1) as an important component of the signaling pathways activated by phorbol esters in BALB/c 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	178-192	solute carrier family 12, member 2	Mus musculus	106-111
8751473-6	1996	Incubation of cells with phorbol ester resulted in elevated amounts of both enzymes in conditioned media and in the secretion of TIMP-1.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	129-135
8756665-2	1996	The GAP activity of n-chimaerin is regulated by phospholipids and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	20-31
8709223-7	1996	stpC/tip transcripts are heavily induced upon stimulation by mitogen or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	integrin alpha FG-GAP repeat containing 1	Homo sapiens	5-8
8876673-3	1996	Loss of NKCC1 function has been associated with loss of mitogenic responsiveness to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	solute carrier family 12, member 2	Mus musculus	8-13
8876673-6	1996	These results support our previous conclusion that the loss of responsiveness of E12a cells to phorbol ester is caused by mutation of the endogenous NKCC1 gene.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	solute carrier family 12, member 2	Mus musculus	149-154
9000248-4	1996	This assay is based on the use of a pseudo-substrate sequence for the protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes of alpha and beta for the quantification of PKC-mediated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion after T-cell activation by phorbol ester and anti-CD3 MAb.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	161-182
8885245-2	1996	Here we report that the basal activity, and IL-2- and phorbol ester-dependent activation of the p70/p85 S6 kinases (referred to collectively as pp70S6k) are inhibited by the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex) in CTLL-20 cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	44-48
8885245-2	1996	Here we report that the basal activity, and IL-2- and phorbol ester-dependent activation of the p70/p85 S6 kinases (referred to collectively as pp70S6k) are inhibited by the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (Dex) in CTLL-20 cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	interleukin 2 receptor, beta chain	Mus musculus	96-99
9000248-4	1996	This assay is based on the use of a pseudo-substrate sequence for the protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes of alpha and beta for the quantification of PKC-mediated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion after T-cell activation by phorbol ester and anti-CD3 MAb.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	184-187
8781558-2	1996	We have investigated here the changes in PKC phosphorylation in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	41-44
8941971-5	1996	Phorbol ester-induced c-fos mRNA expression was greater in the BLV-infected cell line BL3 degrees than the uninfected parental cell line BL3 degrees.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	22-27
8702939-12	1996	Elimination of phorbol-sensitive protein kinase C by prolonged exposure to phorbol ester only partially inhibited MAP kinase activation by thrombin but completely blocked c-Raf kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	139-147
8702939-12	1996	Elimination of phorbol-sensitive protein kinase C by prolonged exposure to phorbol ester only partially inhibited MAP kinase activation by thrombin but completely blocked c-Raf kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	171-176
8795717-6	1996	Similarly, the phorbol ester PDBu, potentially stimulating protein phosphatase-1 and staurosporine, an inhibitor of serine/threonine kinases, enhanced adhesion to VCAM-1 as has previously been shown for ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	neuropeptide Y receptor Y4	Homo sapiens	59-80
8795717-6	1996	Similarly, the phorbol ester PDBu, potentially stimulating protein phosphatase-1 and staurosporine, an inhibitor of serine/threonine kinases, enhanced adhesion to VCAM-1 as has previously been shown for ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	163-169
8795717-6	1996	Similarly, the phorbol ester PDBu, potentially stimulating protein phosphatase-1 and staurosporine, an inhibitor of serine/threonine kinases, enhanced adhesion to VCAM-1 as has previously been shown for ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	203-209
8781558-4	1996	A two-dimensional immunoblot approach was then developed to measure the changes in the phosphorylation state of PKC-alpha before and after exposure of intact PC12 cells to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	112-121
8781558-5	1996	We found a pool of four differentially migrating PKC-alpha forms in untreated cells, which undergoes an acidic shift after phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	49-58
8781558-6	1996	Furthermore, a similar shift in the two-dimensional immunoblot profile of PKC-alpha was the result of the enzyme autophosphorylation upon in vitro treatment with a combination of phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester, an effect which was enhanced by co-application of purified bovine lung cGMP-dependent protein kinase-I (PKG-I).	Phorbol Esters	202-215	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	74-83
8781558-6	1996	Furthermore, a similar shift in the two-dimensional immunoblot profile of PKC-alpha was the result of the enzyme autophosphorylation upon in vitro treatment with a combination of phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester, an effect which was enhanced by co-application of purified bovine lung cGMP-dependent protein kinase-I (PKG-I).	Phorbol Esters	202-215	protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1	Bos taurus	288-319
8702775-3	1996	Here we show that expression of E1B 19 kDa negatively interfered with the activation of NF-kappaB by different stimuli, such as the E1A 13S protein, and treatment with phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	88-97
8898346-6	1996	TPA, a phorbol ester which induced a rapid and important redistribution of PKC, although unable to elicit PLC or PLA2 stimulation, specifically provoked PLD activation in a PKC-dependent but Ca(2+)-independent manner.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	153-156
8781558-7	1996	These results demonstrate a multiple phosphorylation of PKC-alpha in untreated PC12 cells and suggest that various levels of autophosphorylation and trans-phosphorylation of this isoenzyme may occur in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	214-227	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	56-65
8702711-0	1996	Heterologous desensitization of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor by phorbol esters requires phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tail at four different sites.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	Cricetulus griseus	36-68
8806805-2	1996	Murine splenic CD4+ T cells, activated in the presence of phorbol ester and immobilized anti-CD4 mAb, adhered to the plastic surface and formed extended cytoplasmic projections (pseudopodia).	Phorbol Esters	58-71	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	15-18
8806805-8	1996	A combination of IL-4 plus phorbol ester, but not IL-2 plus phorbol ester, induced pseudopod formation in concert with CD4 ligation.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	119-122
8753804-0	1996	The opposing effects of retinoic acid and phorbol esters converge to a common response element in the promoter of the rat cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A).	Phorbol Esters	42-56	cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	122-153
8761473-9	1996	In contrast, phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of cPLA2 and potentiation of arachidonic acid release stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore A23187 were inhibited by PD 98059, indicating that p42/p44mapk phosphorylates cPLA2 after activation of protein kinase C by the non-physiological tumour promoter.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	54-59
8761473-9	1996	In contrast, phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of cPLA2 and potentiation of arachidonic acid release stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore A23187 were inhibited by PD 98059, indicating that p42/p44mapk phosphorylates cPLA2 after activation of protein kinase C by the non-physiological tumour promoter.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	185-188
8761473-9	1996	In contrast, phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of cPLA2 and potentiation of arachidonic acid release stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore A23187 were inhibited by PD 98059, indicating that p42/p44mapk phosphorylates cPLA2 after activation of protein kinase C by the non-physiological tumour promoter.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	189-196
8761473-9	1996	In contrast, phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of cPLA2 and potentiation of arachidonic acid release stimulated by Ca2+ ionophore A23187 were inhibited by PD 98059, indicating that p42/p44mapk phosphorylates cPLA2 after activation of protein kinase C by the non-physiological tumour promoter.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	212-217
8759724-7	1996	Overnight treatment of cells with phorbol ester as well as pharmacologic inhibitors of protein kinase C abrogated these signaling events after BCR treatment; however, no effect was seen on CD40-mediated activation of ERK or c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, suggesting that the BCR and CD40 differentially utilize protein kinase C to couple with these signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	CD40 antigen	Mus musculus	279-283
8759732-0	1996	Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore can replace TCR signals that induce positive selection of CD4 T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	48-51
8753793-4	1996	Moreover, they demonstrated increased PLD activity when stimulated with lysophosphatidic acid, platelet-derived growth factor, and phorbol ester, compared with vector-transfected cells.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	38-41
8753812-0	1996	Production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor by THP-1 cells in response to retinoic acid and phorbol ester is mediated through the autocrine production of interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	14-51
8753812-0	1996	Production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor by THP-1 cells in response to retinoic acid and phorbol ester is mediated through the autocrine production of interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	55-60
8753812-0	1996	Production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor by THP-1 cells in response to retinoic acid and phorbol ester is mediated through the autocrine production of interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	162-175
8754760-7	1996	Incubation of AsPc1 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate resulted in a time- and dose-dependent selective down-regulation of PKC alpha but not zeta.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	155-164
8702564-6	1996	The phorbol ester-induced cleavage of ErbB-4 occurs within or close to the ectodomain, as the 80-kDa cytoplasmic domain fragment is recognized by antibody to the ErbB-4 carboxyl terminus and is membrane-associated.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Mus musculus	38-44
8702564-6	1996	The phorbol ester-induced cleavage of ErbB-4 occurs within or close to the ectodomain, as the 80-kDa cytoplasmic domain fragment is recognized by antibody to the ErbB-4 carboxyl terminus and is membrane-associated.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Mus musculus	162-168
8702464-2	1996	Classical and novel protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes contain two, so-called cysteine-rich zinc finger domains that represent the binding sites for phorbol esters and the diacylglycerols.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	38-41
8853896-0	1996	Suppression of c-jun by antisense oligonucleotides inhibits cell adhesion but not respiratory burst during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 human monoblastic cells.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-20
8866587-4	1996	Phorbol ester upregulated and TNF-alpha down-regulated the TNF-R gene expression in A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	59-64
8774697-4	1996	AT2 expression was inhibited by treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
8806428-7	1996	Decreased hsp90 levels slowed the rate of cell division and levels of hsp90 correlated both with the responses to phorbol esters and with phenotypic changes: antisense-transfected cells expressed less CD50.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
8806428-7	1996	Decreased hsp90 levels slowed the rate of cell division and levels of hsp90 correlated both with the responses to phorbol esters and with phenotypic changes: antisense-transfected cells expressed less CD50.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	70-75
8774728-0	1996	Expression, subcellular distribution and response to phorbol esters of protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant KB cells evidence for altered regulation of PKC-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	89-92
8774728-0	1996	Expression, subcellular distribution and response to phorbol esters of protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant KB cells evidence for altered regulation of PKC-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	189-198
8774728-3	1996	We compared the expression and subcellular distribution, and membrane association and down-regulation induced by phorbol esters, of individual PKC isozymes in drug-sensitive KB-3 and multidrug-resistant KB-V1 human carcinoma cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	143-146
8885336-2	1996	The human monocytic leukaemic cell line THP-1, when stimulated with phorbol ester, shares many properties with human monocyte-derived macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
8866587-5	1996	Consistent with these modulations of TNF-R gene expression, 125I-TNF binding capacities were increased with phorbol ester stimulation and decreased with TNF stimulation after 24 h in A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	65-68
8866587-8	1996	Both phorbol ester and TNF stimulation accelerated the shedding of soluble TNF-R from A549 cells.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	75-80
8854242-8	1996	The MAP kinase cascade is also activated by protein kinase C (PKC), and treatment with phorbol ester led to the induced TCF shift.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	120-123
8811841-2	1996	Activation of PKC by phorbol esters leads to growth inhibition in certain cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	14-17
8811841-5	1996	Phorbol ester-induced translocation and down-regulation of the conventional alpha, beta and the novel epsilon isoforms of PKC were demonstrated by Western blot analysis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	122-125
8811841-13	1996	The preferential alterations in PKC-epsilon observed under the conditions required for PMA to influence the growth and survival of HT58 cells suggest a role for the Ca(2+)-independent epsilon isoform in mediating the initial events of the phorbol ester stimulated cellular responses.	Phorbol Esters	239-252	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	32-43
8856479-1	1996	Protein kinase C (PKC), the major receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, consists of a family of at least 12 distinct lipid-regulated enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
8764574-0	1996	Rapid stimulation of EAAC1-mediated Na+-dependent L-glutamate transport activity in C6 glioma cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	solute carrier family 1 member 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
8856479-1	1996	Protein kinase C (PKC), the major receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, consists of a family of at least 12 distinct lipid-regulated enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
8877730-5	1996	Murine wt p53 derived from pSG5p53cD strongly repressed the IL-2 and IL-4 promoters in both cell lines induced by the phorbol ester TPA and the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin but not, however, in uninduced cells.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	10-13
8877730-5	1996	Murine wt p53 derived from pSG5p53cD strongly repressed the IL-2 and IL-4 promoters in both cell lines induced by the phorbol ester TPA and the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin but not, however, in uninduced cells.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	60-64
8877730-5	1996	Murine wt p53 derived from pSG5p53cD strongly repressed the IL-2 and IL-4 promoters in both cell lines induced by the phorbol ester TPA and the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin but not, however, in uninduced cells.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	69-73
8764618-0	1996	Intracellular cyclic AMP inhibits constitutive and phorbol ester-stimulated secretory cleavage of amyloid precursor protein.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	98-123
8764606-2	1996	In an immortalized hippocampal cell line (HN33), we have determined that phorbol esters rapidly down-regulate PKC activity and lead to a subsequent PKC-dependent reduction in content of MARCKS protein.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	186-192
8663368-5	1996	Translocation of PKC to the membrane by incubation of HIT cells for 10 min in the presence of 20 nM phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) resulted in a 5-fold increase in glucose-induced insulin release.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	insulin	Homo sapiens	206-213
8960123-6	1996	Recombinant LRG-21 has been shown to bind to a phorbol ester promoter element.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	activating transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	12-18
8884985-3	1996	In the present studies, we demonstrate that increases in AP-1 DNA binding activity, as well as c-jun and c-fos mRNA levels, occur in human keratinocytes in response to diverse dermatotoxic chemicals, including phenol and arsenic as well as phorbol ester, the latter employed as a positive control.	Phorbol Esters	240-253	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	57-61
8773590-4	1996	Treatment of human thymocytes with different anti-CD69 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in the presence of submitogenic doses of phorbol ester, produced an enhanced release of lactate without significant alterations in Fru 2,6-P2 levels or phosphofructokinase-2 (PFK-2) and pyruvate kinase activities.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	50-54
8663603-1	1996	The CREB-binding protein (CBP) plays a central role in the regulation of gene expression by several different second messenger pathways including serum growth factors, cAMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	177-191	CREB binding protein	Homo sapiens	4-24
8663472-7	1996	Metabolic stress was associated with rapid translocation of the alpha isoform of protein kinase C (PKCalpha) from cytosol to membrane; and down-regulation of PKCalpha by phorbol esters or exposure to the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine (10 microM) each inhibited currents.	Phorbol Esters	170-184	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	158-166
8663346-0	1996	Distinct cytoplasmic domains of the growth hormone receptor are required for glucocorticoid- and phorbol ester-induced decreases in growth hormone (GH) binding.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	growth hormone receptor	Cricetulus griseus	36-59
8663603-1	1996	The CREB-binding protein (CBP) plays a central role in the regulation of gene expression by several different second messenger pathways including serum growth factors, cAMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	177-191	CREB binding protein	Homo sapiens	26-29
8703964-0	1996	Mechanism of apoptosis suppression by phorbol ester in IL-6-starved murine plasmacytomas: role of PKC modulation and cell cycle.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	55-59
8694856-0	1996	Dual effect of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on hsp28 and PKC beta gene expression in phorbol ester-resistant human myeloid HL-525 leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	59-67
8703964-1	1996	We show here that the mode of cell death in IL-6-starved T1165 and T1198 plasmacytoma cell lines is apoptosis, and that it can be suppressed by phorbol ester (PMA) treatment in a protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated process that involves alpha and/or delta isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	44-48
8703996-0	1996	Phorbol ester-induced shedding of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on erythroleukemic K 562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	34-67
8663380-2	1996	We have previously shown that c-Jun is a potent inhibitor of the rat prolactin (rPRL) promoter activity induced by either oncogenic Ras or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	30-35
8663380-2	1996	We have previously shown that c-Jun is a potent inhibitor of the rat prolactin (rPRL) promoter activity induced by either oncogenic Ras or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
8703996-0	1996	Phorbol ester-induced shedding of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on erythroleukemic K 562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	69-75
8755661-6	1996	The decrease in KDR/flk-1 mRNA depended partially on new protein synthesis and was abolished by phorbol ester pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	16-19
8755661-6	1996	The decrease in KDR/flk-1 mRNA depended partially on new protein synthesis and was abolished by phorbol ester pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	kinase insert domain receptor	Homo sapiens	20-25
8760241-15	1996	In conclusion, we have identified the region of the novel potassium channel gene, Kcn1, that contains the promoter, a 5" enhancer, and several cis-regulatory elements and shown that gene transcription is stimulated by cAMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	227-241	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10	Oryctolagus cuniculus	82-86
8663194-6	1996	Angiotensin II, phorbol ester, platelet-derived growth factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were the strongest stimuli for ERK1/2 but were weak activators of BMK1.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	126-132
8700548-0	1996	Murine p53 is phosphorylated within the PAb421 epitope by protein kinase C in vitro, but not in vivo, even after stimulation with the phorbol ester o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	7-10
8760241-14	1996	Phorbol esters (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) and forskolin stimulated Kcn1 gene expression 2.5- and 3.5-fold, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10	Oryctolagus cuniculus	79-83
8660843-5	1996	In EMSAs, nuclear extracts from primary human T cells stimulated with ionomycin and phorbol esters in the presence of PGE2 demonstrated decreased binding at the AP-1 and NF-AT sites of the human IL-2 promoter; binding to the OCT-1 and NF-kappa B sites was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	195-199
8660843-5	1996	In EMSAs, nuclear extracts from primary human T cells stimulated with ionomycin and phorbol esters in the presence of PGE2 demonstrated decreased binding at the AP-1 and NF-AT sites of the human IL-2 promoter; binding to the OCT-1 and NF-kappa B sites was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	POU class 2 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	225-230
8660843-5	1996	In EMSAs, nuclear extracts from primary human T cells stimulated with ionomycin and phorbol esters in the presence of PGE2 demonstrated decreased binding at the AP-1 and NF-AT sites of the human IL-2 promoter; binding to the OCT-1 and NF-kappa B sites was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	235-245
8660846-0	1996	Topographic distribution of CD18 integrin on human neutrophils as related to shape changes and movement induced by chemotactic peptide and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
8660846-9	1996	We conclude that the motile neutrophil responses elicited by chemotactic peptide and phorbol ester are associated with distinct patterns of topographic distribution of CD18 integrin.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	168-172
8660847-3	1996	Independent of TCR engagement, treatment of T lymphocytes with a combination of phorbol ester and CD28 ligation will result in a proliferative response.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	15-18
8760101-8	1996	The PKC activator phorbol ester inhibited an increase in myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate levels induced by CCK-8 and abolished monophasic amylase secretion induced by OPE.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
8704176-3	1996	Activation of the IL-5 promoter required costimulation of T cells with phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]) and cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cAMP), but was blocked by the immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A (CsA).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	interleukin 5	Mus musculus	18-22
8679454-11	1996	Compared with the transient expression of c-jun and c-fos by phorbol ester stimulation, photodynamic treatment led to a prolonged activation pattern of both immediate early genes.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	42-47
8839978-0	1996	Augmentation by phthalimides of phorbol ester-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha message.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	68-95
8804717-3	1996	In the presence of actinomycin D, phorbol ester treatment stabilized VIP mRNA while treatment with adenylate cyclase activators, calcium ionophore, or CNTF did not.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	69-72
8679454-11	1996	Compared with the transient expression of c-jun and c-fos by phorbol ester stimulation, photodynamic treatment led to a prolonged activation pattern of both immediate early genes.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	52-57
8679454-14	1996	Surprisingly, in addition to the activation of AP-1 DNA-binding via PDT, photodynamic treatment can decrease AP-1 DNA-binding of other strong inducers, such as the protein kinase C-mediated pathway of phorbol esters and the antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC).	Phorbol Esters	201-215	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	47-51
8679454-14	1996	Surprisingly, in addition to the activation of AP-1 DNA-binding via PDT, photodynamic treatment can decrease AP-1 DNA-binding of other strong inducers, such as the protein kinase C-mediated pathway of phorbol esters and the antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC).	Phorbol Esters	201-215	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	109-113
8804717-4	1996	In the presence of DRB, VIP mRNA was not stabilized in phorbol ester-treated cells but instead was stabilized in cells treated with adenylate cyclase activators.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	24-27
8804717-7	1996	Using an assay for RNA stability that did not require transcriptional inhibitors, an in vitro transcribed VIP RNA fragment was relatively stable in extracts from phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	106-109
8804717-8	1996	Although treatment with phorbol ester alone resulted in stabilization of VIP mRNA, treatment with a combination of phorbol ester and adenylate cyclase activator, calcium ionophore, or CNTF did not-implying a complex interaction of these second-messenger pathways in the regulation of RNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	73-76
8832110-2	1996	To understand the mechanism by which TPA down-regulates CFTR, we decided to study genes specifically induced by this phorbol ester in T84 human colon carcinoma cells, which highly express CFTR, using differential display.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	56-60
8832110-2	1996	To understand the mechanism by which TPA down-regulates CFTR, we decided to study genes specifically induced by this phorbol ester in T84 human colon carcinoma cells, which highly express CFTR, using differential display.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	188-192
8708554-5	1996	Pretreatment with phorbol ester or addition of H7 also decreased the insulin-antagonistic effect of GH on lipogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	LOC105613195	Ovis aries	69-76
8796788-5	1996	The action of IL-1 was greatly potentiated by the protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, TPA, and inhibited by actinomycin D and cycloheximide.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	14-18
8807574-11	1996	Down-regulation of PKC by overnight incubation with phorbol ester (0.1 microM) attenuated PGHS-2 mRNA induction by PDGF-AB and -BB.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	90-96
8663077-9	1996	In addition to inhibiting basal transcription, POU transcription factors also suppress phorbol ester-stimulated hINV promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	inversin	Homo sapiens	112-116
8836877-6	1996	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, inhibited the arsenite-induced accumulation of hsp27.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	heat shock protein 1	Mus musculus	142-147
8668145-0	1996	Interleukin-11 mRNA stabilization in phorbol ester-stimulated primate bone marrow stromal cells.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	LOC102118349	Macaca fascicularis	0-14
8693289-6	1996	Lymphocyte-conditioned medium, interferon-gamma or phorbol esters which have been shown to induce a down-regulation of C5aR on myeloid cells did not influence the expression of C5aR on HMC-1.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
8652844-0	1996	Activation of MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 in human neutrophils after phorbol ester or fMLP peptide stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	MAPK activated protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	14-51
8660660-8	1996	Following phorbol ester treatment to stimulate endogenous AA release, PGHS-2 activities increased over time and by 6 hours, were 4-fold (10T1/2) or 2-fold (AS52) higher than PGHS-1 activities.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	70-76
8691452-0	1996	Molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies of a phorbol ester-binding site in protein kinase C. The protein kinase C (PKC) binding site used by PKC activators such as phorbol esters and diacylglycerols (DAGs) has been characterized by means of molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	132-135
8691452-0	1996	Molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies of a phorbol ester-binding site in protein kinase C. The protein kinase C (PKC) binding site used by PKC activators such as phorbol esters and diacylglycerols (DAGs) has been characterized by means of molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	158-161
8691452-0	1996	Molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies of a phorbol ester-binding site in protein kinase C. The protein kinase C (PKC) binding site used by PKC activators such as phorbol esters and diacylglycerols (DAGs) has been characterized by means of molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies.	Phorbol Esters	181-195	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	132-135
8691452-0	1996	Molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies of a phorbol ester-binding site in protein kinase C. The protein kinase C (PKC) binding site used by PKC activators such as phorbol esters and diacylglycerols (DAGs) has been characterized by means of molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis studies.	Phorbol Esters	181-195	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	158-161
8691452-1	1996	Based upon a NMR-determined solution structure of the second cysteinerich domain of PKC alpha, molecular modeling was used to study the structures of the complexes formed between the PKC receptor and a number of PKC ligands, phorbol esters, and DAGs.	Phorbol Esters	225-239	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	84-93
8691452-1	1996	Based upon a NMR-determined solution structure of the second cysteinerich domain of PKC alpha, molecular modeling was used to study the structures of the complexes formed between the PKC receptor and a number of PKC ligands, phorbol esters, and DAGs.	Phorbol Esters	225-239	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	84-87
8691452-1	1996	Based upon a NMR-determined solution structure of the second cysteinerich domain of PKC alpha, molecular modeling was used to study the structures of the complexes formed between the PKC receptor and a number of PKC ligands, phorbol esters, and DAGs.	Phorbol Esters	225-239	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	183-186
8691452-2	1996	Site-directed mutagenesis studies identified a number of residues important to the binding of phorbol esters to PKC.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	112-115
8660660-8	1996	Following phorbol ester treatment to stimulate endogenous AA release, PGHS-2 activities increased over time and by 6 hours, were 4-fold (10T1/2) or 2-fold (AS52) higher than PGHS-1 activities.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Mus musculus	174-180
8652844-6	1996	To better define the role of MAPKAP kinase 2 in the activation of human neutrophils, its enzymatic activity was measured after stimulation by either a phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate [PMA]), a potent protein kinase C activator, or the tripeptide fMLP, which is a chemotactic factor.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	MAPK activated protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	29-44
8662912-3	1996	The Ang II-induced MAPK activation was not affected by the protein kinase C inhibitor, GF109203X, and was only partially impaired by pretreatment with a phorbol ester, whereas both treatments completely prevented MAPK activation by the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
8690086-0	1996	Upregulation of PKC delta- and downregulation of PKC alpha-mRNA and protein by phorbol ester in human T84 cells.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	49-58
8662912-3	1996	The Ang II-induced MAPK activation was not affected by the protein kinase C inhibitor, GF109203X, and was only partially impaired by pretreatment with a phorbol ester, whereas both treatments completely prevented MAPK activation by the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
8662934-1	1996	Transcriptional regulation of the human histidine decarboxylase (HDC) gene by gastrin and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was studied using transient transfection of human HDC promoter-luciferase constructs in a human gastric carcinoma cell line (AGS-B) that expresses the human cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	histidine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	40-63
8662934-1	1996	Transcriptional regulation of the human histidine decarboxylase (HDC) gene by gastrin and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was studied using transient transfection of human HDC promoter-luciferase constructs in a human gastric carcinoma cell line (AGS-B) that expresses the human cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	histidine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	65-68
8662755-11	1996	The cardiac NCX1 thus could play an important role in the previously reported negative inotropic actions of phorbol esters and other PKC-activating agents.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	solute carrier family 8 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
8654580-3	1996	The Fos and Jun components of AP1 were induced rapidly and transiently in PC12 cells following the addition of phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA).	Phorbol Esters	111-124	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
8662792-1	1996	Activation-dependent changes and regulation by protein kinase C. Treatment of T lymphocytes with phorbol ester and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody (mAb) can induce proliferation and interleukin 2 production by triggering still undefined intracellular signaling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	180-193
8662925-2	1996	The NF-kappaB transcription factor is activated by a wide variety of stimuli, including phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	4-13
8654580-3	1996	The Fos and Jun components of AP1 were induced rapidly and transiently in PC12 cells following the addition of phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA).	Phorbol Esters	111-124	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
8687383-6	1996	Furthermore activation of PKC by phorbol esters mimics the stimulatory effect of IL-3 on TK activity, suggesting that PKC might be involved in regulating this effect.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	81-85
8660354-1	1996	Differentiation of U-937 cells with phorbol ester (10 nM) induced a time-dependent (24 h or 48 h) increase of adhesion molecules and lipocortin 1 expression on the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	133-145
8679716-7	1996	Phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C reduced basal as well as 1,25-(OH)2D3-induced up-regulation of VDR.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vitamin D receptor	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
8679718-0	1996	Pioglitazone attenuates the inhibitory effect of phorbol ester on epidermal growth factor receptor autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	66-98
8679718-1	1996	A new anti-diabetic drug, pioglitazone, was tested as to whether it could ameliorate the decreased kinase activity of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor induced by phorbol ester (PMA) in A431 cells.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	118-156
8660356-3	1996	The addition of Bt2cAMP and forskolin, or phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore 23187 activated expression of the StAR protein as well as cortisol production, suggesting that cyclic AMP- or protein kinase C-dependent process plays a crucial role in the regulation of expression of the StAR protein.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	steroidogenic acute regulatory protein	Bos taurus	113-117
8660356-3	1996	The addition of Bt2cAMP and forskolin, or phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore 23187 activated expression of the StAR protein as well as cortisol production, suggesting that cyclic AMP- or protein kinase C-dependent process plays a crucial role in the regulation of expression of the StAR protein.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	steroidogenic acute regulatory protein	Bos taurus	284-288
24178685-7	1996	The inhibition of system B(0,+) by Ang II is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) because it was mimicked by phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and was inhibited by staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	35-41
8762106-11	1996	Short pretreatment of the cells with the phorbol ester, 4-beta-phorbol-12-beta-myristate-13-alpha-acetate (PMA), an activator of PKC, reduced the GLP-1(7-36)amide-evoked increase in [Ca2+]i by 75%.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	glucagon	Mus musculus	146-151
8793114-6	1996	The calcium channel agonist Bay K, forskolin and phorbol esters increased secretogranin II mRNA whereas 8-Br-cGMP repressed the secretogranin II message.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	secretogranin II	Bos taurus	74-90
8641215-4	1996	Although these receptors are coupled to activation of protein kinase C, and phorbol esters are strong activators of protein kinase C-stimulated LHRH release, bFGF did not influence LHRH secretion from these cells.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	144-148
8842533-0	1996	Insulin translocates PKC-epsilon and phorbol esters induce and persistently translocate PKC-beta 2 in BC3H-1 myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
8842533-9	1996	We found that PKC-epsilon was acutely translocated by insulin and phorbol esters from the cytosol to the membrane fraction in BC3H-1 myocytes; in addition, PKC-epsilon, like PKC-alpha, was depleted by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	14-25
8842533-9	1996	We found that PKC-epsilon was acutely translocated by insulin and phorbol esters from the cytosol to the membrane fraction in BC3H-1 myocytes; in addition, PKC-epsilon, like PKC-alpha, was depleted by chronic phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	14-25
8842533-11	1996	Moreover, chronic phorbol ester treatment induced an 84,000 Mr PKC-beta 2 isoform that appeared to be persistently translocated and activated, as suggested by studies of myristoylated arginic-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	170-215
8842533-11	1996	Moreover, chronic phorbol ester treatment induced an 84,000 Mr PKC-beta 2 isoform that appeared to be persistently translocated and activated, as suggested by studies of myristoylated arginic-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	217-223
8641215-6	1996	Phorbol ester stimulated LHRH secretion, whereas bFGF either had no effect or stimulated LHRH release depending upon the antiserum used.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	25-29
8641215-7	1996	Pro-LHRH levels in lysate and medium were depressed by phorbol esters; concentrations in bFGF-treated cells were somewhat lower than those in unstimulated controls.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	4-8
8641215-11	1996	These data indicate that phorbol esters control the biosynthesis, secretion, and, to some extent, processing of pro-LHRH.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	116-120
8807503-3	1996	TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, phorbol ester (PMA), and calcium ionophore A23187 were found to stimulate GM-CSF production from K-562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	96-102
8666806-6	1996	Monocytes differentiated from the IFN-gamma-transduced PBHP cells demonstrated 1) up-regulation of MHC class I and II Ag expression, 2) increased Fc(gamma)RI expression, and 3) enhanced superoxide production in response to both opsonized zymosan (25-fold) and phorbol ester (3-fold).	Phorbol Esters	260-273	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
8761946-6	1996	Moreover, attesting to the functional significance of PMA-enhanced alpha v beta 3 expression, cells treated with concentrations of the phorbol ester that induce the beta 3 gene, spread extensively on plastic, an event blocked by an anti-alpha v antibody and a peptide mimetic known to inhibit alpha v beta 3-mediated cell attachment.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	75-81
8761946-6	1996	Moreover, attesting to the functional significance of PMA-enhanced alpha v beta 3 expression, cells treated with concentrations of the phorbol ester that induce the beta 3 gene, spread extensively on plastic, an event blocked by an anti-alpha v antibody and a peptide mimetic known to inhibit alpha v beta 3-mediated cell attachment.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	165-171
8761946-6	1996	Moreover, attesting to the functional significance of PMA-enhanced alpha v beta 3 expression, cells treated with concentrations of the phorbol ester that induce the beta 3 gene, spread extensively on plastic, an event blocked by an anti-alpha v antibody and a peptide mimetic known to inhibit alpha v beta 3-mediated cell attachment.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	165-171
8632147-1	1996	In bovine chromaffin cells forskolin, phorbol ester, or high potassium levels induce a rapid increase of c-fos, c-jun, and junB mRNA levels, which precede an induction of proenkephalin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Bos taurus	107-110
8632147-1	1996	In bovine chromaffin cells forskolin, phorbol ester, or high potassium levels induce a rapid increase of c-fos, c-jun, and junB mRNA levels, which precede an induction of proenkephalin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Bos taurus	123-127
8632147-1	1996	In bovine chromaffin cells forskolin, phorbol ester, or high potassium levels induce a rapid increase of c-fos, c-jun, and junB mRNA levels, which precede an induction of proenkephalin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	171-184
8648726-0	1996	Characterization of the ZI domains in the Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 gene promoter: role in phorbol ester induction.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	61-66
8862514-0	1996	Gene expression of the human prostaglandin E receptor EP4 subtype: differential regulation in monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	prostaglandin E receptor 4	Homo sapiens	54-57
8648726-3	1996	Previous work identified four related elements (ZIA, ZIB, ZIC, and ZID) and a cyclic AMP response element binding-AP-1 element (ZII) that are involved in the induction of the BZLF1 promoter (Zp) by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (E. Flemington and S. H. Speck, J. Virol.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	Zic family member 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
8661224-7	1996	Using human umbilical vein EC, we found that direct activation of PKC with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate enhanced all three processes.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	66-69
8648726-3	1996	Previous work identified four related elements (ZIA, ZIB, ZIC, and ZID) and a cyclic AMP response element binding-AP-1 element (ZII) that are involved in the induction of the BZLF1 promoter (Zp) by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (E. Flemington and S. H. Speck, J. Virol.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	175-180
8661224-9	1996	Depletion of intracellular PKC by downregulation (prolonged exposure of EC to phorbol ester) reduced EC attachment and migration; however, downregulation had no effect on endothelial spreading.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	27-30
8648737-2	1996	We have found that the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 viral protein Tax can also strongly costimulate expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-3, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA in T cells activated with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore, which can mimic activation through the antigen specific T-cell receptor.	Phorbol Esters	253-266	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	128-141
8648737-2	1996	We have found that the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 viral protein Tax can also strongly costimulate expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-3, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA in T cells activated with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore, which can mimic activation through the antigen specific T-cell receptor.	Phorbol Esters	253-266	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
8836162-0	1996	Inverse regulation of oestrogen receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor gene expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	45-77
8648737-2	1996	We have found that the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 viral protein Tax can also strongly costimulate expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-3, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA in T cells activated with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore, which can mimic activation through the antigen specific T-cell receptor.	Phorbol Esters	253-266	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	160-208
8836162-2	1996	In addition, the tumour-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibits ER and stimulates EGF-R expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	119-124
8648737-2	1996	We have found that the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 viral protein Tax can also strongly costimulate expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-3, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA in T cells activated with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore, which can mimic activation through the antigen specific T-cell receptor.	Phorbol Esters	253-266	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	210-216
8649405-2	1996	In this study we have demonstrated that the regions -72 to -63 and -132 to -104 of the CD11c promoter contain elements responsible for phorbol ester-induced differentiation of the myeloid cell line HL60.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	87-92
8658053-4	1996	The authors found that elevation of intracellular cAMP in Jurkat T leukaemia cells activated with phorbol ester (PDBu)/calcium ionophore (A23187) increased the DNA-binding of NF-kappa B as detected by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).	Phorbol Esters	98-111	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	175-185
8776735-0	1996	Progressive cytoplasmic tail truncations of the lutropin-choriogonadotropin receptor prevent agonist- or phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation, impair agonist- or phorbol ester-induced desensitization, and enhance agonist-induced receptor down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	48-84
8776735-0	1996	Progressive cytoplasmic tail truncations of the lutropin-choriogonadotropin receptor prevent agonist- or phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation, impair agonist- or phorbol ester-induced desensitization, and enhance agonist-induced receptor down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Homo sapiens	48-84
8684830-4	1996	This anergy was linked to late events in the T cell activation pathway; that is, stimulation through the T cell receptor(TCR)/CD3 complex by Concanavalin-A, or plate-bound monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to TCR alpha beta or CD3 epsilon, or combinations of phorbol ester and ionomycin (all of which can bypass early membrane-related events), failed to fully activate T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	253-266	CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide	Mus musculus	126-129
8647278-6	1996	Phorbol ester also upregulated FAK-YP, verifying a role for PKC in the transduction cascade.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
8661368-0	1996	Vomitoxin-Mediated IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5 Superinduction in Murine CD4+ T Cells Stimulated with Phorbol Ester and Calcium Ionophore: Relation to Kinetics of Proliferation The effects of the trichothecene vomitoxin (VT) on the kinetics of cell proliferation and cytokine production were evaluated in murine CD4(+) T cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	interleukin 5	Mus musculus	35-39
8661368-0	1996	Vomitoxin-Mediated IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5 Superinduction in Murine CD4+ T Cells Stimulated with Phorbol Ester and Calcium Ionophore: Relation to Kinetics of Proliferation The effects of the trichothecene vomitoxin (VT) on the kinetics of cell proliferation and cytokine production were evaluated in murine CD4(+) T cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	65-68
8662811-9	1996	The conventional PKCalpha and -gamma isozymes were translocated from the cytosol to the membrane only when phorbol ester was present at a concentration that increases the rate and extent of cell spreading.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	17-36
8647278-7	1996	Upregulation of FAK-YP by activation of G-proteins and PKC was dependent upon intact F-actin, as cytochalasin D abolished stimulation by Mas-7 and by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	16-19
8639791-0	1996	Phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of PU.1: association with leukemic cell growth inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Spi-1 proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	44-48
8666258-4	1996	Our finding of 14 Ap2-binding sites may indicate why the human c-rel promoter, unlike the chicken c-rel promoter, has a strong function and is highly responsive to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
8662605-3	1996	In this study we have used phorbol ester to stimulate endoproteolytic release of L-selectin and identified a major role for a cell surface metalloproteinase (L-selectin sheddase) in this process.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	selectin L	Homo sapiens	81-91
8662605-3	1996	In this study we have used phorbol ester to stimulate endoproteolytic release of L-selectin and identified a major role for a cell surface metalloproteinase (L-selectin sheddase) in this process.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	selectin L	Homo sapiens	158-168
8662605-9	1996	L-selectin sheddase was not detected in media harvested from phorbol ester-stimulated lymphocytes and was only able to cleave L-selectin in the cis but not the trans configuration.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	selectin L	Homo sapiens	0-10
8662657-2	1996	Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) by interleukin (IL)-1alpha or a phorbol ester increases this formation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	13-29
8662657-2	1996	Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) by interleukin (IL)-1alpha or a phorbol ester increases this formation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	31-36
8662657-3	1996	HUVEC treated with aspirin lost their capacity to generate PGs but recovery occurred after 3- or 6-h induction of Cox-2 with phorbol ester or IL-1alpha.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	114-119
8666258-4	1996	Our finding of 14 Ap2-binding sites may indicate why the human c-rel promoter, unlike the chicken c-rel promoter, has a strong function and is highly responsive to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	63-68
8963726-10	1996	The phorbol ester TPA induced a rearrangement of PKC delta and a translocation of PKC alpha and epsilon to the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	49-58
8782859-0	1996	Effects of phorbol ester on expression of CNTF-mRNA in cultured astrocytes from rat olfactory bulb.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	42-46
8645143-1	1996	Incubation of HT-29 M6 cells with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces cell scattering, loss of cellular contacts and inactivation of E-cadherin.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	161-171
8631923-9	1996	Stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate enhances paxillin phosphorylation, while two selective inhibitors of PKC, GF109203X and chelerythrine chloride, effectively block the phosphorylation of paxillin induced in response to vitronectin adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	paxillin	Homo sapiens	111-119
8967452-7	1996	Protein p24 is not constitutively phosphorylated nor could phosphorylation be induced by serum or phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2	Homo sapiens	8-11
8963726-10	1996	The phorbol ester TPA induced a rearrangement of PKC delta and a translocation of PKC alpha and epsilon to the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	82-91
8732669-9	1996	The PKC activation with phorbol esters induced the expression of c-fos, c-jun, and junB proto-oncogenes in F9 stem cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	4-7
8616875-0	1996	Phorbol ester and cyclic AMP-mediated regulation of the melanoma-associated cell adhesion molecule MUC18/MCAM.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	99-104
8616875-0	1996	Phorbol ester and cyclic AMP-mediated regulation of the melanoma-associated cell adhesion molecule MUC18/MCAM.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	105-109
8616875-4	1996	MUC18 expression could not be induced in negative cell lines and could only be modulated by changes in cAMP levels or by exposure to phorbol ester in positive cells.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	0-5
8616875-5	1996	An increase in intracellular cAMP led to an up-regulation in cell surface MUC18 that was maximal at 48 h. Increased MUC18 mRNA levels were observed as soon as 4 h and were 3-fold higher than in control cells by 48 h. Exposure of the cells to phorbol ester reduced MUC18 surface expression to background levels by 24 h. This downregulation was associated with decreased mRNA levels that were apparent at 8 h. By 24 h, steady-state levels of MUC18 mRNA had been reduced by 58%.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	74-79
8616875-5	1996	An increase in intracellular cAMP led to an up-regulation in cell surface MUC18 that was maximal at 48 h. Increased MUC18 mRNA levels were observed as soon as 4 h and were 3-fold higher than in control cells by 48 h. Exposure of the cells to phorbol ester reduced MUC18 surface expression to background levels by 24 h. This downregulation was associated with decreased mRNA levels that were apparent at 8 h. By 24 h, steady-state levels of MUC18 mRNA had been reduced by 58%.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	116-121
8616875-5	1996	An increase in intracellular cAMP led to an up-regulation in cell surface MUC18 that was maximal at 48 h. Increased MUC18 mRNA levels were observed as soon as 4 h and were 3-fold higher than in control cells by 48 h. Exposure of the cells to phorbol ester reduced MUC18 surface expression to background levels by 24 h. This downregulation was associated with decreased mRNA levels that were apparent at 8 h. By 24 h, steady-state levels of MUC18 mRNA had been reduced by 58%.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	116-121
8616875-5	1996	An increase in intracellular cAMP led to an up-regulation in cell surface MUC18 that was maximal at 48 h. Increased MUC18 mRNA levels were observed as soon as 4 h and were 3-fold higher than in control cells by 48 h. Exposure of the cells to phorbol ester reduced MUC18 surface expression to background levels by 24 h. This downregulation was associated with decreased mRNA levels that were apparent at 8 h. By 24 h, steady-state levels of MUC18 mRNA had been reduced by 58%.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	melanoma cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	116-121
8620600-7	1996	Phorbol esters, which activate PKC and cause smooth muscle contraction, downregulated only the alpha and delta isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
8732669-9	1996	The PKC activation with phorbol esters induced the expression of c-fos, c-jun, and junB proto-oncogenes in F9 stem cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	65-70
8620600-13	1996	We conclude that PKCalpha and/or PKCdelta is necessary for phorbol ester-mediated contraction but is not essential for noradrenaline-, vasopressin-, or k(+)-induced contraction, demonstrating differences in the mechanisms involved in the contractile response between these agents.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	17-25
8732669-9	1996	The PKC activation with phorbol esters induced the expression of c-fos, c-jun, and junB proto-oncogenes in F9 stem cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	72-77
8732669-9	1996	The PKC activation with phorbol esters induced the expression of c-fos, c-jun, and junB proto-oncogenes in F9 stem cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	83-87
8647095-0	1996	Differential binding of cAMP-responsive-element (CRE)-binding protein-1 and activating transcription factor-2 to a CRE-like element in the human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene promoter correlates with opposite regulation of t-PA by phorbol ester in HT-1080 and HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	247-260	activating transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	24-109
8621017-6	1996	In addition, LY290181 inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated activation of the porcine urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) promoter (-4600/+398) linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene (p4660CAT).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	83-114
8621017-6	1996	In addition, LY290181 inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated activation of the porcine urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) promoter (-4600/+398) linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene (p4660CAT).	Phorbol Esters	32-45	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
8621017-7	1996	More detailed analysis of the uPA promoter revealed that LY290181 inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated activation of the uPA phorbol response element (-2458/-2349) located upstream of the thymidine kinase promoter (puPATKCAT).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
8621017-7	1996	More detailed analysis of the uPA promoter revealed that LY290181 inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated activation of the uPA phorbol response element (-2458/-2349) located upstream of the thymidine kinase promoter (puPATKCAT).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	119-122
8621017-8	1996	LY290181 appears to inhibit uPA promoter activation by blocking phorbol ester-stimulated binding of nuclear proteins to the uPA PEA3/12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate responsive element (TRE).	Phorbol Esters	64-77	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
8621017-8	1996	LY290181 appears to inhibit uPA promoter activation by blocking phorbol ester-stimulated binding of nuclear proteins to the uPA PEA3/12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate responsive element (TRE).	Phorbol Esters	64-77	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
8647095-0	1996	Differential binding of cAMP-responsive-element (CRE)-binding protein-1 and activating transcription factor-2 to a CRE-like element in the human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene promoter correlates with opposite regulation of t-PA by phorbol ester in HT-1080 and HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	247-260	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	145-178
8647095-0	1996	Differential binding of cAMP-responsive-element (CRE)-binding protein-1 and activating transcription factor-2 to a CRE-like element in the human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene promoter correlates with opposite regulation of t-PA by phorbol ester in HT-1080 and HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	247-260	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	180-184
8647095-1	1996	The human tissue-type plasminogen activator gene (t-PA) is induced by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	10-48
8647095-1	1996	The human tissue-type plasminogen activator gene (t-PA) is induced by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), in HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	50-54
8626609-4	1996	Induction of c-fos by ouabain was prevented when either extracellular or intracellular Ca2+ was lowered and was attenuated by pretreatment of myocytes with a phorbol ester under conditions known to down-regulate protein kinase C. Exposure to ouabain for 24-48 h also increased total transcriptional activity and protein content of myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
8617974-5	1996	AM also produced significantly less TGF-beta than MN in response to phorbol ester and Con A.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	36-44
8642791-6	1996	Additionally, CLC protein-labeled vesicles in the cells that were stimulated for 10 minutes significantly exceeded the number in stimulated cells at 0, 30, and 45 minutes after exposure to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	Charcot-Leyden crystal galectin	Homo sapiens	14-17
8642791-7	1996	Thus, transport vesicles carrying a granule-associated protein (CLC protein) were increased in phorbol ester-stimulated HB in the time frame for histamine secretion and the anatomic development of PMD.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	Charcot-Leyden crystal galectin	Homo sapiens	64-67
8730701-12	1996	Thus, in the presence of phorbol esters the N-methyl-D-aspartate-independent long-term potentiation is occluded but a transient potentiation appears, presumably due to hyperexcitability and activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in recurrent pathways of area CA3.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	265-268
8730701-14	1996	In conclusion, protein kinase C activation is essential but not sufficient for long-term potentiation in the mossy fiber-CA3 pathway and when stimulated by application of phorbol esters produces a large and reversible synaptic potentiation.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	121-124
8612711-5	1996	The specific binding of VN to endothelial cells demonstrated the following properties: a threefold increase after phorbol ester treatment; 85% inhibition by pretreatment of cells with phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C to release glycolipid-anchored surface proteins; a 90% inhibition by urokinase (u-PA) receptor blocking antibody.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	vitronectin	Homo sapiens	24-26
8621804-0	1996	Adhesion-activating phorbol ester increases the mobility of leukocyte integrin LFA-1 in cultured lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	79-84
8928792-7	1996	Time-course studies revealed maximal activation of the HDC promoter after 12-36 h. Direct stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) substantially elevated rat HDC promoter activity, whereas induction of Ca2+ -dependent signaling pathways with thapsigargin was without effect.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	histidine decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
8621572-10	1996	However, when their expression was induced in the presence of a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, a remarkable increase in the anchorage-independent growth was observed in cystatin alpha-CVLS- and Ras delta 42-49-transfected clones.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	cystatin A1	Mus musculus	169-183
8735596-3	1996	In many systems translocation of PKC (from cytosolic to particulate fractions of cellular homogenates) has been taken as evidence of hormonal activation of PKC and down regulation of PKC (by prolonged treatment with PKC-activating phorbol esters) has been used extensively to investigate the role of PKC in hormone action.	Phorbol Esters	231-245	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	33-36
8735596-4	1996	Here we have assessed the influence of GnRH and phorbol esters on translocation and down regulation of PKC isoenzymes identified by Western blotting with isoenzyme-specific antibodies in alpha T3-1 cells (a gonadotrope-derived cell line).	Phorbol Esters	48-62	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	103-106
8735596-6	1996	In short-term stimulations (10 min), the PKC-activating phorbol esters, PMA and PDBu, caused concentration-dependent increases in the proportion of PKC alpha and PKC epsilon recovered from the particulate fraction of alpha T3-1 cells, but did not induce measurable translocation of PKC zeta.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	148-157
8735596-6	1996	In short-term stimulations (10 min), the PKC-activating phorbol esters, PMA and PDBu, caused concentration-dependent increases in the proportion of PKC alpha and PKC epsilon recovered from the particulate fraction of alpha T3-1 cells, but did not induce measurable translocation of PKC zeta.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	162-173
8612282-0	1996	CD53 antigen and epidermal growth factor induce similar changes in the pattern of phorbol ester binding in a B cell lymphoma.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	Cd53 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
8612282-0	1996	CD53 antigen and epidermal growth factor induce similar changes in the pattern of phorbol ester binding in a B cell lymphoma.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-40
8612282-2	1996	In this report we have studied the changes in the cellular binding of phorbol esters after stimulation with monoclonal antibody (mAb) MRC OX-44 (anti-CD53) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) using a fluorochrome-phorbol ester binding assay.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	Cd53 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
8612282-2	1996	In this report we have studied the changes in the cellular binding of phorbol esters after stimulation with monoclonal antibody (mAb) MRC OX-44 (anti-CD53) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) using a fluorochrome-phorbol ester binding assay.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-183
8612282-2	1996	In this report we have studied the changes in the cellular binding of phorbol esters after stimulation with monoclonal antibody (mAb) MRC OX-44 (anti-CD53) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) using a fluorochrome-phorbol ester binding assay.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Cd53 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
8626526-5	1996	The cell-permeable ceramide analogue N-acetylsphingosine and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) both induced the phosphorylation and increased the activities of the protein kinase JNK1 and the transcription factor ATF2.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	activating transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	235-239
8928801-5	1996	The phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA) increased ACC activity, whereas it decreased CPT-I activity in a nonaddictive manner with respect to extracellular ATP.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
8928792-7	1996	Time-course studies revealed maximal activation of the HDC promoter after 12-36 h. Direct stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) substantially elevated rat HDC promoter activity, whereas induction of Ca2+ -dependent signaling pathways with thapsigargin was without effect.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	histidine decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	216-219
8738143-8	1996	Long-term treatment of synchronized cells with the phorbol ester PMA depletes PKC alpha but not PKC delta or zeta and only partially PKC epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	78-87
11862263-5	1996	As compared to control neomycin plasmid transfected cells, the cells overexpressing PLA(2) had a greater activation of c-Raf-1 in response to A23187 and phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	84-90
11862263-5	1996	As compared to control neomycin plasmid transfected cells, the cells overexpressing PLA(2) had a greater activation of c-Raf-1 in response to A23187 and phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	TNF receptor associated factor 3	Homo sapiens	119-126
8612684-5	1996	Phorbol ester (PMA), a PKC activator, induced stromelysin gene expression, an effect enhanced by the addition of IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	113-122
8612685-5	1996	Concentrations and durations of exposure to phorbol esters that downregulated PKC activity correlated with inhibition of VP-16 or melphalan-induced morphological apoptosis and generation of the 30-to-50-kbp DNA fragments.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	78-81
8612685-5	1996	Concentrations and durations of exposure to phorbol esters that downregulated PKC activity correlated with inhibition of VP-16 or melphalan-induced morphological apoptosis and generation of the 30-to-50-kbp DNA fragments.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	host cell factor C1	Homo sapiens	121-126
8732291-0	1996	Translocation of lipocortin (annexin) 1 to the membrane of U937 cells induced by phorbol ester, but not by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	annexin A1	Homo sapiens	17-39
8625478-2	1996	We have shown previously that a major physiological substrate of PKC, the 80 kDa myristoylated alanine-rich C-Kinase substrate (MARCKS), can be phosphorylated in quiescent, non-tumorigenic melanocytes exposed transiently to a biologically active phorbol ester, but cannot be phosphorylated in phorbol ester-treated, syngeneic malignant melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	246-259	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	128-134
8625478-2	1996	We have shown previously that a major physiological substrate of PKC, the 80 kDa myristoylated alanine-rich C-Kinase substrate (MARCKS), can be phosphorylated in quiescent, non-tumorigenic melanocytes exposed transiently to a biologically active phorbol ester, but cannot be phosphorylated in phorbol ester-treated, syngeneic malignant melanoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	293-306	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	128-134
8738143-8	1996	Long-term treatment of synchronized cells with the phorbol ester PMA depletes PKC alpha but not PKC delta or zeta and only partially PKC epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	96-105
8738143-8	1996	Long-term treatment of synchronized cells with the phorbol ester PMA depletes PKC alpha but not PKC delta or zeta and only partially PKC epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	133-144
9162220-4	1996	Thus, maximal expression of CD23 and CD25 was obtained with a 30 (or 120) second pulse with phorbol ester and/or ionomycin followed by a sustained (20 minute) treatment with forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	28-32
9052983-1	1996	Others have reported that the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an activator and down-regulator of most protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes, can induce apoptotic cell death of androgen-sensitive LNCaP but not androgen-insensitive PC-3 or DU 145 human prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	146-149
9052991-0	1996	Altered expression of the developmentally regulated NFI gene family during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	nuclear factor I C	Homo sapiens	52-55
9162220-4	1996	Thus, maximal expression of CD23 and CD25 was obtained with a 30 (or 120) second pulse with phorbol ester and/or ionomycin followed by a sustained (20 minute) treatment with forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	37-41
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	144-148
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	160-164
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	169-173
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	250-254
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	301-305
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	144-148
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	250-254
9162220-6	1996	Finally, down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C by chronic treatment of resting B lymphocytes with phorbol ester abolished the ability of IL-4 to elevate CD23 and CD25 expression; phorbol ester treatment similarly abrogated the ability of anti-CD40 and anti-Ig reagents to promote expression of CD25.	Phorbol Esters	186-199	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	301-305
8727047-8	1996	Addition of phorbol esters to CHRF-288-11 cells enhances their megakaryocytic phenotype; such treatment also results in increased secretion of INF-alpha, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	interferon alpha 17	Homo sapiens	143-152
8613261-8	1996	Thus, the kinetic responses of NHE-1 to phorbol esters in vascular myocytes of these rat strains are different, the changes in exchanger kinetics of SHR resembling those described in human hypertension.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
8613261-0	1996	Phorbol ester activation of the rat vascular myocyte Na(+)-H(+) exchanger isoform 1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	53-83
8613261-2	1996	Since the Na(+)-H(+) exchanger isoform 1 (NHE-1) is stimulated by protein kinase C, we have investigated the effects of phorbol esters on NHE-1 activity and its phosphorylation in vascular myocytes of these rats.	Phorbol Esters	120-134	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	138-143
8613261-5	1996	In neither cell type was the subcellular distribution of NHE-1 altered by phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	57-62
8613261-6	1996	NHE-1 phosphorylation was markedly reduced in WKY cells stimulated by the phorbol ester, an effect abolished by inhibition of protein kinase C. In contrast, NHE-1 phosphorylation in quiescent SHR cells was approximately double that of WKY cells and was reduced after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
8613261-6	1996	NHE-1 phosphorylation was markedly reduced in WKY cells stimulated by the phorbol ester, an effect abolished by inhibition of protein kinase C. In contrast, NHE-1 phosphorylation in quiescent SHR cells was approximately double that of WKY cells and was reduced after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	267-280	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
8613261-6	1996	NHE-1 phosphorylation was markedly reduced in WKY cells stimulated by the phorbol ester, an effect abolished by inhibition of protein kinase C. In contrast, NHE-1 phosphorylation in quiescent SHR cells was approximately double that of WKY cells and was reduced after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	267-280	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	157-162
8727047-8	1996	Addition of phorbol esters to CHRF-288-11 cells enhances their megakaryocytic phenotype; such treatment also results in increased secretion of INF-alpha, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	154-163
8727047-8	1996	Addition of phorbol esters to CHRF-288-11 cells enhances their megakaryocytic phenotype; such treatment also results in increased secretion of INF-alpha, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	169-175
8698836-5	1996	It has previously been found that MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, and -9 are upregulated by phorbol esters; we have found that MMP-10 is also upregulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-59
8698836-5	1996	It has previously been found that MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, and -9 are upregulated by phorbol esters; we have found that MMP-10 is also upregulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	matrix metallopeptidase 10	Homo sapiens	114-120
8698836-5	1996	It has previously been found that MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, and -9 are upregulated by phorbol esters; we have found that MMP-10 is also upregulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-59
8698836-5	1996	It has previously been found that MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, and -9 are upregulated by phorbol esters; we have found that MMP-10 is also upregulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	matrix metallopeptidase 10	Homo sapiens	114-120
8698836-6	1996	The phorbol ester upregulation of MMP-1, -3, and -10 was found to be abolished in cells transformed by SV40 virus.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	34-52
8698836-9	1996	In summary, the more global view of MMP expression afforded by RT-PCR indicates that MMP-1, -3, and -10 are regulated by both integrin-mediated signal transduction and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	168-182	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	85-103
8617995-0	1996	Differential expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator, its receptor, and inhibitors in mouse skin after exposure to a tumor-promoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Mus musculus	27-63
8666932-0	1996	Transcriptional regulation of the Icam-1 gene in antigen receptor- and phorbol ester-stimulated B lymphocytes: role for transcription factor EGR1.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	34-40
8666932-4	1996	Icam-1 transcription, induced by BCR cross-linking or bypassing the BCR with phorbol ester, is absent in a B cell line in which the EGR1-encoding gene (egr-1) is methylated and not expressed.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	0-6
8666932-4	1996	Icam-1 transcription, induced by BCR cross-linking or bypassing the BCR with phorbol ester, is absent in a B cell line in which the EGR1-encoding gene (egr-1) is methylated and not expressed.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Mus musculus	68-71
8666932-6	1996	Mutation of this site in the context of 1.1 kb of the Icam-1 promoter significantly abrogated transcriptional induction by phorbol ester and anti-mu stimulation in primary B cells.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	54-60
8613704-0	1996	Differences in the state of differentiation of THP-1 cells induced by phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	47-52
8642440-5	1996	Specifically, 12(S)-HETE enhanced the activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters, mimicked phorbol ester-induced adhesion of keratinocytes to fibronectin and mimicked phorbol ester repression of expression of a differentiation-related gene, keratin-1.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	148-159
8627336-0	1996	Overexpression of MARCKS, but not protein kinase C-alpha, increases phorbol ester-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylcholine in human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	18-24
8627336-0	1996	Overexpression of MARCKS, but not protein kinase C-alpha, increases phorbol ester-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylcholine in human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	hedgehog acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	135-139
8627336-1	1996	To investigate the regulation of phorbol ester-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) and the alpha-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) were overexpressed in a human neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC) cell line that does not increase PtdCho synthesis in response to 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	33-46	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	101-154
8627336-1	1996	To investigate the regulation of phorbol ester-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) and the alpha-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) were overexpressed in a human neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC) cell line that does not increase PtdCho synthesis in response to 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	33-46	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	207-216
8627336-1	1996	To investigate the regulation of phorbol ester-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) and the alpha-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) were overexpressed in a human neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC) cell line that does not increase PtdCho synthesis in response to 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	33-46	hedgehog acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	263-267
8627336-1	1996	To investigate the regulation of phorbol ester-stimulated synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) and the alpha-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) were overexpressed in a human neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC) cell line that does not increase PtdCho synthesis in response to 4beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	33-46	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	337-385
8642440-5	1996	Specifically, 12(S)-HETE enhanced the activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters, mimicked phorbol ester-induced adhesion of keratinocytes to fibronectin and mimicked phorbol ester repression of expression of a differentiation-related gene, keratin-1.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	keratin 1	Mus musculus	247-256
8657115-3	1996	In this report, we demonstrated that phorbol ester treatment of human peripheral blood monocytes dramatically inhibits activation of IFN-alpha/B-stimulated early response genes but by a mechanism which does not involve abrogation of the ISRE binding of ISGF3gamma.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	interferon regulatory factor 9	Homo sapiens	253-263
8642843-2	1996	Phorbol esters which differentially activate PKC isoenzymes in vitro were used to induce differentiation and apoptosis in U937 cells; TPA and Dopp activate all U937 PKC isoenzymes, except PKC-zeta and Doppa activate only PKC-beta l. At concentrations of Doppa below 50 nM, only PKC-beta l was activated by 2 min and apoptosis was induced, but there was no differentiation of cells towards monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	45-48
8642843-2	1996	Phorbol esters which differentially activate PKC isoenzymes in vitro were used to induce differentiation and apoptosis in U937 cells; TPA and Dopp activate all U937 PKC isoenzymes, except PKC-zeta and Doppa activate only PKC-beta l. At concentrations of Doppa below 50 nM, only PKC-beta l was activated by 2 min and apoptosis was induced, but there was no differentiation of cells towards monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	165-168
8642843-2	1996	Phorbol esters which differentially activate PKC isoenzymes in vitro were used to induce differentiation and apoptosis in U937 cells; TPA and Dopp activate all U937 PKC isoenzymes, except PKC-zeta and Doppa activate only PKC-beta l. At concentrations of Doppa below 50 nM, only PKC-beta l was activated by 2 min and apoptosis was induced, but there was no differentiation of cells towards monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	188-196
8642843-2	1996	Phorbol esters which differentially activate PKC isoenzymes in vitro were used to induce differentiation and apoptosis in U937 cells; TPA and Dopp activate all U937 PKC isoenzymes, except PKC-zeta and Doppa activate only PKC-beta l. At concentrations of Doppa below 50 nM, only PKC-beta l was activated by 2 min and apoptosis was induced, but there was no differentiation of cells towards monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	221-229
8642843-2	1996	Phorbol esters which differentially activate PKC isoenzymes in vitro were used to induce differentiation and apoptosis in U937 cells; TPA and Dopp activate all U937 PKC isoenzymes, except PKC-zeta and Doppa activate only PKC-beta l. At concentrations of Doppa below 50 nM, only PKC-beta l was activated by 2 min and apoptosis was induced, but there was no differentiation of cells towards monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	278-286
8657115-1	1996	Previous studies have indicated that the expression of viral oncoproteins, cell transformation, or phorbol ester treatment of cells can inhibit alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)-induced gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	167-170
8657115-3	1996	In this report, we demonstrated that phorbol ester treatment of human peripheral blood monocytes dramatically inhibits activation of IFN-alpha/B-stimulated early response genes but by a mechanism which does not involve abrogation of the ISRE binding of ISGF3gamma.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	interferon alpha 8	Homo sapiens	133-144
8657115-4	1996	Phorbol ester treatment of monocytes inhibited IFN alpha-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factors Stat1alpha, Stat2, and Stat3 and of the tyrosine kinase Tyk2 but had no effect on IFN-gamma activation of Stat1alpha.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	47-56
8657115-4	1996	Phorbol ester treatment of monocytes inhibited IFN alpha-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factors Stat1alpha, Stat2, and Stat3 and of the tyrosine kinase Tyk2 but had no effect on IFN-gamma activation of Stat1alpha.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	signal transducer and activator of transcription 2	Homo sapiens	134-139
8657115-4	1996	Phorbol ester treatment of monocytes inhibited IFN alpha-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factors Stat1alpha, Stat2, and Stat3 and of the tyrosine kinase Tyk2 but had no effect on IFN-gamma activation of Stat1alpha.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	145-150
8657115-4	1996	Phorbol ester treatment of monocytes inhibited IFN alpha-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factors Stat1alpha, Stat2, and Stat3 and of the tyrosine kinase Tyk2 but had no effect on IFN-gamma activation of Stat1alpha.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	178-182
8657115-4	1996	Phorbol ester treatment of monocytes inhibited IFN alpha-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the transcription factors Stat1alpha, Stat2, and Stat3 and of the tyrosine kinase Tyk2 but had no effect on IFN-gamma activation of Stat1alpha.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	204-213
8690897-3	1996	We demonstrate here that the beta chemokines, recombinant human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and -1 beta, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normally T cell expressed and secreted), and macrophage chemotactic peptide-1, are capable of directly costimulating purified human T cell and human T cell clone proliferation and IL-2 production in the presence of anti-CD3 mAb, but not phorbol esters, in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	389-403	C-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Homo sapiens	64-115
8920679-1	1996	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and phorbol esters stimulate the human gastrin promoter through a novel GC-rich DNA element 5"-68GGGGCGGGGTGGGGGG-53 called gERE (gastrin EGF response element).	Phorbol Esters	34-48	gastrin	Homo sapiens	160-167
8920679-1	1996	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and phorbol esters stimulate the human gastrin promoter through a novel GC-rich DNA element 5"-68GGGGCGGGGTGGGGGG-53 called gERE (gastrin EGF response element).	Phorbol Esters	34-48	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	168-171
9095468-7	1996	Interestingly, the effect induced by the phorbol ester at 4 days was still appreciable subculturing K562 and MEG-01 cells for 3 days in the absence of the inducer and was associated with relevant changes in the molecular properties of PFK-2: namely increased Vmax and K(m).	Phorbol Esters	41-54	6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3	Homo sapiens	235-240
8607186-8	1996	However, proliferative responses of anergic CD8+ T cells to phorbol ester and ionomycin were comparable to those of control CD8+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	44-47
8920679-1	1996	Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and phorbol esters stimulate the human gastrin promoter through a novel GC-rich DNA element 5"-68GGGGCGGGGTGGGGGG-53 called gERE (gastrin EGF response element).	Phorbol Esters	34-48	gastrin	Homo sapiens	69-76
8690897-3	1996	We demonstrate here that the beta chemokines, recombinant human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha and -1 beta, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normally T cell expressed and secreted), and macrophage chemotactic peptide-1, are capable of directly costimulating purified human T cell and human T cell clone proliferation and IL-2 production in the presence of anti-CD3 mAb, but not phorbol esters, in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	389-403	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	332-336
8700892-4	1996	Direct activation of PKC with phorbol esters in these cells caused not only an activation of cytosolic betaARK-1 but also a translocation of betaARK immunoreactivity from the cytosol to the membrane fraction.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	103-112
8601451-2	1996	PKC mu displays high affinity phorbol ester binding (Kd=7 nM) resulting in enhanced phosphatidylserine-dependent kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-6
8700892-4	1996	Direct activation of PKC with phorbol esters in these cells caused not only an activation of cytosolic betaARK-1 but also a translocation of betaARK immunoreactivity from the cytosol to the membrane fraction.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Homo sapiens	103-110
8616070-3	1996	In cells that had not been primed by prior incubation with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), PLA2 and NADPH oxidase were differentially stimulated by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-met-leu-phe (FMLP), calcium ionophore, or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	109-115
8616070-3	1996	In cells that had not been primed by prior incubation with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), PLA2 and NADPH oxidase were differentially stimulated by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-met-leu-phe (FMLP), calcium ionophore, or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	118-122
8736703-3	1996	In contrast, H-89 inhibited phorbol-ester-mediated induction of MAP kinase, junB messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), and collagenase mRNA in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	76-80
8600156-4	1996	Expression of the mcl-1 mRNA was found to increase rapidly in ML-1 cells exposed to inducers of monocyte/macrophage differentiation (phorbol esters or lymphocyte conditioned medium), but not cells exposed to an inducer of granulocyte differentiation (retinoic acid).	Phorbol Esters	133-147	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	18-23
8605873-8	1996	Rather, thrombin-induced Shc phosphorylation is enhanced in cells depleted of phorbol ester-sensitive protein kinase C isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	8-16
8605873-8	1996	Rather, thrombin-induced Shc phosphorylation is enhanced in cells depleted of phorbol ester-sensitive protein kinase C isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	SHC adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
8617724-0	1996	Protein kinase Calpha contains two activator binding sites that bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerols with opposite affinities.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-21
8617724-4	1996	In the present study, direct evidence is provided showing that phorbol esters and diacylglycerols bind simultaneously to PKC alpha.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	121-130
8617724-11	1996	Overall, the results provide direct evidence that PKCalpha contains two distinct binding sites, with affinities that differ for each activator in the order: DAG > phorbol ester > B-I and B-I > phorbol ester > DAG, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	50-58
8617724-11	1996	Overall, the results provide direct evidence that PKCalpha contains two distinct binding sites, with affinities that differ for each activator in the order: DAG > phorbol ester > B-I and B-I > phorbol ester > DAG, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	50-58
8593693-12	1996	These results support the hypothesis that UBF is an important regulatory factor during the initiation and maintenance of the accelerated rate of rDNA transcription observed during neonatal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy mediated by both phorbol esters and endothelin-1.	Phorbol Esters	232-246	upstream binding transcription factor	Homo sapiens	42-45
8612636-0	1996	Transcriptional regulation of transferrin receptor expression during phorbol-ester-induced HL-60 cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	30-50
8612636-2	1996	The mechanism involved in the regulation of transferrin receptor (TfR) expression during phorbol-ester-induced HL-60 cell differentiation was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	44-64
8612636-2	1996	The mechanism involved in the regulation of transferrin receptor (TfR) expression during phorbol-ester-induced HL-60 cell differentiation was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	66-69
8612636-7	1996	Based on sequence similarity and previous footprinting data, the promoter region of the TfR gene seems to contain a sequence like that of the phorbol-ester-responsive element (TRE).	Phorbol Esters	142-155	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	88-91
8613198-3	1996	The state of growth arrest by serum deprivation was associated with increased expression of the AT2 receptor, which was markedly suppressed by exposure to the active phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and the calcium ionophore A23187.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
8600165-5	1996	Upon treatment with a PKC-activating phorbol ester, yeast cells expressing rat PKC beta-I were growth-inhibited and a fraction of the cells appeared as long chains.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	79-87
8600165-6	1996	Coexpression of the R domain with rat PKC beta-I blocked the phorbol ester-induced inhibition of yeast cell growth and the phorbol ester-dependent alterations in yeast cell morphology.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	38-46
8600165-6	1996	Coexpression of the R domain with rat PKC beta-I blocked the phorbol ester-induced inhibition of yeast cell growth and the phorbol ester-dependent alterations in yeast cell morphology.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	38-46
8882470-2	1996	By contrast, elastin expression was declined by potent stimulators of VSMC proliferation like epidermal growth factor, high K+, angiotension II and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	elastin	Homo sapiens	13-20
8769870-1	1996	In this report we investigate the isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) present in cultured adrenal chromaffin cells with respect to their modulation by treatment with phorbol ester and their possible differential involvement in the regulation of responses to histamine and bradykinin.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	64-67
8627671-0	1996	Inhibition of Nef- and phorbol ester-induced CD4 degradation by macrolide antibiotics.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	45-48
8596017-2	1996	Incubation of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells with phorbol esters resulted in the phosphorylation of two major PKC substrates, MARCKS (myristoylated, alanine-rich C kinase substrate) and MRP (MARCKS-related protein), and of a third protein, with an apparent m.w.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	140-146
8596017-2	1996	Incubation of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells with phorbol esters resulted in the phosphorylation of two major PKC substrates, MARCKS (myristoylated, alanine-rich C kinase substrate) and MRP (MARCKS-related protein), and of a third protein, with an apparent m.w.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	MARCKS like 1	Homo sapiens	163-203
8596017-2	1996	Incubation of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells with phorbol esters resulted in the phosphorylation of two major PKC substrates, MARCKS (myristoylated, alanine-rich C kinase substrate) and MRP (MARCKS-related protein), and of a third protein, with an apparent m.w.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	MARCKS like 1	Homo sapiens	205-227
8596017-4	1996	p60 phosphorylation was time and PMA dose dependent, and was induced by cell-permeable diacylglycerol, but not by inactive phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8648910-6	1996	Short term incubation (5 min) with the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA), 10(-7) M, caused a significant stimulation of the Na-HCO3 cotransporter activity as compared to controls.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	151-172
8626805-5	1996	Stimulation of PLD by purified PKCalpha or recombinant PKCalpha (rPKCalpha) occurred in the absence of any nucleotide and required activators such as Ca2+ or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	15-18
8730927-5	1996	Under conditions which stimulate acetylcholine release from synaptosomes, both phorbol ester and 4-aminopyridine caused an increase in attachment of the synaptic vesicle marker protein synaptophysin to the synaptic plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	synaptophysin	Homo sapiens	185-198
8744862-14	1996	These results show that slow cluster formation shares the LFA-1 and phorbol ester requirements of the rapid adhesion of T cells requiring LFA-1 and ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	138-143
8696979-5	1996	In contrast, the exposure of T-cells from injured hosts to a phorbol ester along with a mitogen (PHA) was found to abrogate the burn/trauma injury-induced suppression in IL-2 expression; these studies remain to be clarified further.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	170-174
8626805-5	1996	Stimulation of PLD by purified PKCalpha or recombinant PKCalpha (rPKCalpha) occurred in the absence of any nucleotide and required activators such as Ca2+ or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	31-39
8626805-5	1996	Stimulation of PLD by purified PKCalpha or recombinant PKCalpha (rPKCalpha) occurred in the absence of any nucleotide and required activators such as Ca2+ or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	55-63
8650266-4	1996	By contrast, although phorbol esters mimic the action of insulin on the regulation of PEPCK gene transcription, wortmannin does not block the effect of these agents.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	insulin	Homo sapiens	57-64
8650266-4	1996	By contrast, although phorbol esters mimic the action of insulin on the regulation of PEPCK gene transcription, wortmannin does not block the effect of these agents.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	86-91
8963646-7	1996	A 40 Hz 20 min stimulus train to the cervical sympathetic trunk mimicked the effect of phorbol esters, depressing for several hours the inhibition produced by Met-ENK.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	159-166
8611143-5	1996	The PKC inhibitor RO 31-8220 did not inhibit PI 3-kinase directly or its activation in situ by insulin, but inhibited both insulin-stimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated glucose transport.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
8617284-0	1996	Insulin and phorbol ester stimulate initiation factor eIF-4E phosphorylation by distinct pathways in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing the insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Cricetulus griseus	54-60
8617284-0	1996	Insulin and phorbol ester stimulate initiation factor eIF-4E phosphorylation by distinct pathways in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing the insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	insulin receptor	Cricetulus griseus	148-164
8617284-3	1996	Exposure of CHO.T cells to insulin, phorbol ester or serum resulted in a rapid increase (up to twofold) in eIF-4E phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Cricetulus griseus	107-113
8617284-4	1996	As a control, we have also performed experiments with the parental cell line, CHO.K1 cells, in which both serum and phorbol ester, but not nanomolar concentrations of insulin, produce similar changes in eIF-4E phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Cricetulus griseus	203-209
8617284-7	1996	Similarly, PKC is necessary for the effects of phorbol ester, but not of serum, on eIF-4E phosphorylation in CHO.K1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Cricetulus griseus	83-89
8820410-0	1996	Reorientational properties of fluorescent analogues of the protein kinase C cofactors diacylglycerol and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	59-75
8820410-1	1996	The reorientational properties of the fluorescently labelled protein kinase C (PKC) cofactors diacylglycerol (DG) and phorbol ester (PMA) in vesicles and mixed micelles have been investigated using time-resolved polarised fluorescence.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-77
8820410-1	1996	The reorientational properties of the fluorescently labelled protein kinase C (PKC) cofactors diacylglycerol (DG) and phorbol ester (PMA) in vesicles and mixed micelles have been investigated using time-resolved polarised fluorescence.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	79-82
21153286-1	1996	The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on FSH- and LH-induced 3beta-HSD-gene expression in cultured porcine granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1	Homo sapiens	156-165
8850328-0	1996	Effects of repeated administration of a kappa-opioid agonist on phorbol ester binding to membrane-bound protein kinase C in rat brain.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	104-120
8564958-1	1996	Both retinoic acid (RA) treatment and dominant-negative c-Jun mutant expression effectively inhibit phorbol ester-induced AP-1 activity and induced neoplastic transformation in mouse epidermal JB6 cells.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	56-61
8729000-3	1996	Characterization of the human MAT gene has revealed that the promoter region contains typical MMP promoter elements such as AP-1 and PEA3, which mediate responsiveness to growth factors, oncogenes, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	202-216	matrix metallopeptidase 7	Homo sapiens	30-33
8729000-3	1996	Characterization of the human MAT gene has revealed that the promoter region contains typical MMP promoter elements such as AP-1 and PEA3, which mediate responsiveness to growth factors, oncogenes, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	202-216	ETS variant transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	133-137
8655632-0	1996	Okadaic acid, sphingosine, and phorbol ester reversibly modulate heat induction on protein kinase FA/GSK-3 alpha in A431 cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	101-112
8592153-7	1996	Treatment of cultured ciliary epithelial cells with veratridine and phorbol ester up-regulates CPE and PAM.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	95-98
8558021-3	1996	The exact nature of the intracellular signals involved in this avidity switch remain poorly defined, but the ability of phorbol esters to induce such up-regulation implicates a role for protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	120-134	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	186-202
8592153-7	1996	Treatment of cultured ciliary epithelial cells with veratridine and phorbol ester up-regulates CPE and PAM.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	103-106
8558021-3	1996	The exact nature of the intracellular signals involved in this avidity switch remain poorly defined, but the ability of phorbol esters to induce such up-regulation implicates a role for protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	120-134	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	204-207
8599579-0	1996	Protein kinase C isotypes required for phorbol-ester induction of stromelysin-1 in rat fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Rattus norvegicus	66-79
8596491-1	1996	We examined the effect of phorbol ester on growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GRH)-induced GH secretion and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production in three pituitary adenomas and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)- and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-induced redistribution of protein kinase C (PKC) from cytosol to membrane in a pituitary adenoma resected from patients with acromegaly.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	growth hormone releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	43-80
8596491-1	1996	We examined the effect of phorbol ester on growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GRH)-induced GH secretion and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production in three pituitary adenomas and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)- and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-induced redistribution of protein kinase C (PKC) from cytosol to membrane in a pituitary adenoma resected from patients with acromegaly.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
8649434-9	1996	Deletion of Ets resulted in a significant reduction in phorbol ester-induced expression of CD11c, whereas deletion of Ets A led to only a modest loss in CD11c expression.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	91-96
8845513-9	1996	Recently, however, one antibody was used to clone the cDNA for the beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin 3 or epsilon binding protein (epsilon BP; IgE-binding protein; Mac-2), from a lambda gt11 osteoblast expression library; another was used to clone from an ROS 17/2.8-COS cell expression library the cDNA for OTS-8, a putative target gene of early response genes stimulated in response to phorbol esters in MC3T3-E1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	396-410	lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 3 binding protein	Mus musculus	100-137
8649450-7	1996	However, when signaling through the BCR was bypassed by direct stimulation of the Raf1/MEK/MAPK module via a rise in [Ca2+]i and phorbol ester-induced PKC activation, the phosphotransferase activities of Raf1, MEK and MAPK were still regulated in a PTK-dependent manner that was also partially sensitive to the PTPase inhibitor PAO.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	82-86
8649450-7	1996	However, when signaling through the BCR was bypassed by direct stimulation of the Raf1/MEK/MAPK module via a rise in [Ca2+]i and phorbol ester-induced PKC activation, the phosphotransferase activities of Raf1, MEK and MAPK were still regulated in a PTK-dependent manner that was also partially sensitive to the PTPase inhibitor PAO.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	midkine	Mus musculus	87-90
8649450-7	1996	However, when signaling through the BCR was bypassed by direct stimulation of the Raf1/MEK/MAPK module via a rise in [Ca2+]i and phorbol ester-induced PKC activation, the phosphotransferase activities of Raf1, MEK and MAPK were still regulated in a PTK-dependent manner that was also partially sensitive to the PTPase inhibitor PAO.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	204-208
8649450-7	1996	However, when signaling through the BCR was bypassed by direct stimulation of the Raf1/MEK/MAPK module via a rise in [Ca2+]i and phorbol ester-induced PKC activation, the phosphotransferase activities of Raf1, MEK and MAPK were still regulated in a PTK-dependent manner that was also partially sensitive to the PTPase inhibitor PAO.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	midkine	Mus musculus	210-213
8845513-9	1996	Recently, however, one antibody was used to clone the cDNA for the beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin 3 or epsilon binding protein (epsilon BP; IgE-binding protein; Mac-2), from a lambda gt11 osteoblast expression library; another was used to clone from an ROS 17/2.8-COS cell expression library the cDNA for OTS-8, a putative target gene of early response genes stimulated in response to phorbol esters in MC3T3-E1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	396-410	lectin, galactose binding, soluble 3	Mus musculus	151-170
8845513-9	1996	Recently, however, one antibody was used to clone the cDNA for the beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin 3 or epsilon binding protein (epsilon BP; IgE-binding protein; Mac-2), from a lambda gt11 osteoblast expression library; another was used to clone from an ROS 17/2.8-COS cell expression library the cDNA for OTS-8, a putative target gene of early response genes stimulated in response to phorbol esters in MC3T3-E1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	396-410	lectin, galactose binding, soluble 3	Mus musculus	172-177
8579603-0	1996	Involvement of vicinal dithiols in differential regulation of fMLP and phorbol ester-activated phospholipase D in stimulated human neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	95-110
8848168-9	1996	Nevertheless, expression of c-Fos is not sufficient for survival since phorbol esters induce c-Fos with no effect on survival.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	93-98
8848170-4	1996	On the contrary, when either an activator of protein kinase C (phorbol ester), or an nitric oxide donor (L-arginine), were given with glutamate, they mimicked only the acute effects of insulin-like growth factor-I on glutamate-induced GABA release.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	185-213
8579603-2	1996	An opposite regulation was observed with phorbol ester PMA, since the phospholipase D activity was mostly calcium insensitive, tyrosine kinase independent, but protein kinase C dependent.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	70-85
8557703-2	1996	Expression of the WAF1/CIP1 gene is induced in a p53-dependent manner in response to DNA damage but can also be induced in the absence of p53 by agents such as growth factors, phorbol esters, and okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	18-22
8635587-0	1996	Suppression of bcl-2 gene expression by sphingosine in the apoptosis of human leukemic HL-60 cells during phorbol ester-induced terminal differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	15-20
8635587-1	1996	Our recent studies have shown that intracellular levels of sphingosine, an endogenous PKC inhibitor, increase during apoptosis resulting from phorbol ester (PMA)-induced terminal differentiation of human myeloid leukemic HL-60 cells, and have suggested that sphingosine may function as an endogenous mediator of apoptosis in these cells [Ohta, et al.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	86-89
8730809-2	1996	The current through homomeric NMDAR1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes was increased by 200-500% by phorbol ester and also by activation of a metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) expressed in the same oocytes.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	30-36
8742016-3	1996	In primary neuronal cultures, phorbol ester treatment induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in AD2 immunoreactivity quantified by laser confocal microscopy and immunoblottings.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	101-104
8561786-0	1996	Choline phosphate and phorbol ester potentiate the mitogenic effect of insulin by competitive mechanisms in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	insulin	Homo sapiens	71-78
8569684-10	1996	The T. reesei PKC1 protein was partially purified and some of its properties examined: it is stimulated about twofold by phospholipids or phorbol esters but is not stimulated by Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	protein kinase C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
8821828-7	1996	Furthermore, direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester in the absence of serum likewise induces c-fos and 1 microgram/ml heparin inhibits this response by 65%.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
8567635-2	1996	Insulin and phorbol esters inhibit basal PEPCK transcription and antagonize the induction of PEPCK gene expression by glucocorticoids and glucagon (or its second messenger cAMP).	Phorbol Esters	12-26	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	41-46
8567635-2	1996	Insulin and phorbol esters inhibit basal PEPCK transcription and antagonize the induction of PEPCK gene expression by glucocorticoids and glucagon (or its second messenger cAMP).	Phorbol Esters	12-26	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	93-98
8567114-0	1996	Phorbol-ester-stimulated human lymphoid cell lines produce a plasminogen activator modulator inducing cell-bound urokinase-type plasminogen activator in malignant tumor cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	113-149
8557703-3	1996	WAF1/CIP1 expression in U937 human leukemic cells is induced by both phorbol ester, a protein kinase C activator, and by okaidaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	0-4
8557703-3	1996	WAF1/CIP1 expression in U937 human leukemic cells is induced by both phorbol ester, a protein kinase C activator, and by okaidaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	5-9
8557703-5	1996	We demonstrate that phorbol esters and okadaic acid stimulate transcription from the WAF1/CIP1 promoter in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	85-89
8557703-5	1996	We demonstrate that phorbol esters and okadaic acid stimulate transcription from the WAF1/CIP1 promoter in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	90-94
8557703-7	1996	Deletion or mutation of these Sp1 sites reduces WAF1/CIP1 promoter response to phorbol ester and okadaic acid, while a reporter gene under the control of a promoter containing only multiple Sp1 binding sites and a TATA box is induced by phorbol ester and okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	48-52
8557703-2	1996	Expression of the WAF1/CIP1 gene is induced in a p53-dependent manner in response to DNA damage but can also be induced in the absence of p53 by agents such as growth factors, phorbol esters, and okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	23-27
8557703-7	1996	Deletion or mutation of these Sp1 sites reduces WAF1/CIP1 promoter response to phorbol ester and okadaic acid, while a reporter gene under the control of a promoter containing only multiple Sp1 binding sites and a TATA box is induced by phorbol ester and okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	53-57
8557703-9	1996	These results suggest that phorbol ester and okadaic acid activate transcription of the WAF1/CIP1 promoter through a complex of proteins that includes Sp1 and basal transcription factors.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	88-92
8557703-9	1996	These results suggest that phorbol ester and okadaic acid activate transcription of the WAF1/CIP1 promoter through a complex of proteins that includes Sp1 and basal transcription factors.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	93-97
8822137-4	1996	Phorbol ester or calyculin A inhibition of thrombin-induced rises in platelet [Ca2+]i was attenuated by C6.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	43-51
8552594-1	1996	Protein kinase C (PKC), a major cellular receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters and diacylglycerols (DGs), appears to be involved in a variety of cellular functions, although its activation mechanism in vivo is not yet fully understood.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	18-21
8548832-4	1996	This hyporesponsiveness was not associated with increased cell death during priming or restimulation cultures and could be reversed by the combination of phorbol ester + ionomycin, demonstrating a functional blockade of viable cells by CD4 mAbs.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	236-239
8550608-6	1996	MIA mRNA expression in vivo correlated with progressive malignancy of melanocytic lesions and was inducible in other cells by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	MIA SH3 domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-3
9244189-5	1996	The suppression of the CAK activity by the phorbol ester is accompanied by decreases in the message levels of both CDK7 and cyclin H, the catalytic and the positive regulatory subunit of CAK, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cyclin dependent kinase 7	Homo sapiens	23-26
9244189-5	1996	The suppression of the CAK activity by the phorbol ester is accompanied by decreases in the message levels of both CDK7 and cyclin H, the catalytic and the positive regulatory subunit of CAK, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cyclin dependent kinase 7	Homo sapiens	115-119
9244189-5	1996	The suppression of the CAK activity by the phorbol ester is accompanied by decreases in the message levels of both CDK7 and cyclin H, the catalytic and the positive regulatory subunit of CAK, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cyclin H	Homo sapiens	124-132
9244189-5	1996	The suppression of the CAK activity by the phorbol ester is accompanied by decreases in the message levels of both CDK7 and cyclin H, the catalytic and the positive regulatory subunit of CAK, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	cyclin dependent kinase 7	Homo sapiens	187-190
9244191-0	1996	Regulation of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor expression by phorbol ester in a human hepatoma-derived cell line.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	14-52
9244189-4	1996	Phorbol ester treatment does not reduce the protein level of p33CDK2, but does inhibit serum-stimulated increases in the CAK activity and CDK2 phosphorylation at Thr160.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 7	Homo sapiens	121-124
8550608-8	1996	The MIA promoter conferred high levels of gene activation specifically in human and murine melanoma cells, and its activity was further enhanced by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	163-177	MIA SH3 domain containing	Homo sapiens	4-7
8550616-11	1996	Treatment of the cells with ANP for 120 min resulted in an inhibition of phorbol ester-induced activation of MAPK, while the activation of MEK was not affected by ANP.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
8772452-0	1996	Transcriptional regulation of endothelial constitutive PGHS-1 expression by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	55-61
8548771-8	1996	Furthermore, all the survival stimuli tested (interleukin 4, anti-IgM antibodies, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) prevented the decline in Mcl-1 levels.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	167-172
8750931-10	1996	These results indicate that phorbol esters affect the stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gs) of FRSK via a PKC-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
8547648-0	1996	Human leukemia cell lines bind basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) on FGF receptors and heparan sulfates: downmodulation of FGF receptors by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	31-61
8548747-7	1996	c-fos mRNA expression induced by EGF, fibroblast growth factor, or phorbol ester was also insensitive to inhibition by CGP 57148.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	0-5
17180058-10	1996	The earliest event brought by RRR-alpha-tocopherol in the signal transduction cascade contolling receptor mediated cell growth is the inhibition of the transcription factor AP-1, activated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	192-206	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	173-177
8536791-0	1996	Phorbol ester-mediated regulation of CD10/neutral endopeptidase transcripts in acute lymphoblastic leukemias.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	37-41
8585942-2	1996	A transcription factor designated differentiation-induced factor (DIF), activated by treatment of myeloid cells with the differentiating agents interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) or during phorbol ester-induced differentiation, was characterized as a 112kDa protein related to, but not identical with known isoforms of STAT 5.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-64
8585942-2	1996	A transcription factor designated differentiation-induced factor (DIF), activated by treatment of myeloid cells with the differentiating agents interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) or during phorbol ester-induced differentiation, was characterized as a 112kDa protein related to, but not identical with known isoforms of STAT 5.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	66-69
8585942-2	1996	A transcription factor designated differentiation-induced factor (DIF), activated by treatment of myeloid cells with the differentiating agents interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) or during phorbol ester-induced differentiation, was characterized as a 112kDa protein related to, but not identical with known isoforms of STAT 5.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	144-160
8585942-2	1996	A transcription factor designated differentiation-induced factor (DIF), activated by treatment of myeloid cells with the differentiating agents interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) or during phorbol ester-induced differentiation, was characterized as a 112kDa protein related to, but not identical with known isoforms of STAT 5.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	162-171
8585942-2	1996	A transcription factor designated differentiation-induced factor (DIF), activated by treatment of myeloid cells with the differentiating agents interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) or during phorbol ester-induced differentiation, was characterized as a 112kDa protein related to, but not identical with known isoforms of STAT 5.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	174-222
8536791-4	1996	For these reasons, we investigated the regulation of CD10/NEP transcripts in the phorbol ester-treated acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, REH.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	53-57
8536791-4	1996	For these reasons, we investigated the regulation of CD10/NEP transcripts in the phorbol ester-treated acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, REH.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	58-61
8569182-0	1996	Formation of focal adhesion and spreading of polarized human colon cancer cells in association with tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	paxillin	Homo sapiens	128-136
8825422-5	1996	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), produced a transient association of PKC delta with the beta cell cytoskeleton along with sustained decreases in cytosolic enzyme and transient increases in membrane enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	94-103
8825424-0	1996	Alterations in endothelial cell proteinase and inhibitor polarized secretion following treatment with interleukin-1, phorbol ester, and human melanoma cell conditioned medium.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	endogenous retrovirus group K member 10	Homo sapiens	32-42
8523577-7	1996	This IFN-gamma response element in the CAEV LTR differs from the element required for the response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	5-14
8523586-3	1996	Since the I kappa B-alpha inhibitory subunit proteolytic degradation, which follows its phosphorylation/modification, is a key event in NF-kappa B activation by different stimuli (such as growth factors, phorbol esters, tumor necrosis factor, UV irradiation, and oxygen radicals), we investigated pX effects on I kappa B-alpha, as well as the possible involvement of known signalling pathways in pX-induced NF-kappa B-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	10-25
8523586-3	1996	Since the I kappa B-alpha inhibitory subunit proteolytic degradation, which follows its phosphorylation/modification, is a key event in NF-kappa B activation by different stimuli (such as growth factors, phorbol esters, tumor necrosis factor, UV irradiation, and oxygen radicals), we investigated pX effects on I kappa B-alpha, as well as the possible involvement of known signalling pathways in pX-induced NF-kappa B-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	136-146
8523586-3	1996	Since the I kappa B-alpha inhibitory subunit proteolytic degradation, which follows its phosphorylation/modification, is a key event in NF-kappa B activation by different stimuli (such as growth factors, phorbol esters, tumor necrosis factor, UV irradiation, and oxygen radicals), we investigated pX effects on I kappa B-alpha, as well as the possible involvement of known signalling pathways in pX-induced NF-kappa B-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	311-326
8523586-3	1996	Since the I kappa B-alpha inhibitory subunit proteolytic degradation, which follows its phosphorylation/modification, is a key event in NF-kappa B activation by different stimuli (such as growth factors, phorbol esters, tumor necrosis factor, UV irradiation, and oxygen radicals), we investigated pX effects on I kappa B-alpha, as well as the possible involvement of known signalling pathways in pX-induced NF-kappa B-dependent transcription.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	407-417
8632672-7	1996	In unstimulated cells, coordinate increased levels of TF mRNA, TF:Ag and TF PCA expression were noted following phorbol-ester-induced macrophage differentiation of the cells, but a decreased level of TF mRNA with no change in the basal level of TF:Ag expression occurred following retinoic acid-induced granulocyte differentiation of this cell line.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	54-56
8602120-0	1996	A phorbol ester that activates protein kinase C mimics the action of estradiol or epidermal growth factor for initiating embryo implantation in the delayed implanting hypophysectomized rat.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-105
8838143-0	1996	Phorbol ester inhibition of rat gonadotropin-releasing hormone promoter activity: role of Fos and Jun in the repression of transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
8786703-0	1996	A decrease in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and mRNA is an early event in phorbol ester-induced differentiation of thp-1 promonocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	14-47
8786703-0	1996	A decrease in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and mRNA is an early event in phorbol ester-induced differentiation of thp-1 promonocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	128-133
8786703-5	1996	We measured the specific activities of the GRS enzymes, G6PD, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase during the early stages of phorbol ester-induced differentiation of THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	90-111
8786703-5	1996	We measured the specific activities of the GRS enzymes, G6PD, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase during the early stages of phorbol ester-induced differentiation of THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	180-185
18475726-6	1996	The findings predict the presence of functional phorbol ester, cyclic AMP and glucocorticoid response elements in the promoter region of corticotropin releasing hormone receptor type 1 gene and support a potential role for its product during chronic stress and immune/inflammatory reaction.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	corticotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	137-168
8838143-1	1996	Treatment of GT1-7 neuronal cells with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), inhibits GnRH gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-116
8834063-5	1996	In most cases, stimulation of cells with a phorbol ester led to a slight increase (20-30%) in MARCKS phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	94-100
8825401-8	1996	In contrast, upon phorbol ester and ionomycin treatment, adult BMC produced more IFN-gamma mRNA than cord BMC.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	81-90
21594347-0	1996	Phorbol ester stimulated Cip1 expression in p53-negative leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	25-29
21594347-0	1996	Phorbol ester stimulated Cip1 expression in p53-negative leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	44-47
21594347-6	1996	Thus, a novel phorbol ester dependent signalling pathway exists in which Cip1 induction is associated with the absence of a G(1) arrest and induction of apoptosis rather than differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	73-77
8737919-5	1996	Further evidence for heterogenous biochemical signals following activation of both cell types derived from studies with the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	138-141
8628978-1	1996	Inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), but not constitutive COX-1, can be upregulated in rheumatoid synovial tissue by interleukin-1 beta and phorbol esters and is inhibited by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	10-26
8628978-1	1996	Inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), but not constitutive COX-1, can be upregulated in rheumatoid synovial tissue by interleukin-1 beta and phorbol esters and is inhibited by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	28-33
7503727-0	1995	Downregulation of prohormone convertase-1 by a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1	Homo sapiens	18-41
8728355-3	1996	We found that cAMP upregulated IL-4 release from in vivo activated single CD4+ peripheral T cells and CD4+CD8-HSAlowNK1.1- thymocytes stimulated with ionomycin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	31-35
8728355-3	1996	We found that cAMP upregulated IL-4 release from in vivo activated single CD4+ peripheral T cells and CD4+CD8-HSAlowNK1.1- thymocytes stimulated with ionomycin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	106-109
8530412-7	1995	Although phorbol ester treatment of hEK-293 cells expressing PAM-1 stimulated the cleavage/release of a bifunctional 105-kDa PAM protein, the effect was an indirect one since it was also observed in hEK-293 cells expressing a truncated PAM-1 protein that was not phosphorylated.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	F11 receptor	Homo sapiens	61-66
8530412-7	1995	Although phorbol ester treatment of hEK-293 cells expressing PAM-1 stimulated the cleavage/release of a bifunctional 105-kDa PAM protein, the effect was an indirect one since it was also observed in hEK-293 cells expressing a truncated PAM-1 protein that was not phosphorylated.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	61-64
8530412-7	1995	Although phorbol ester treatment of hEK-293 cells expressing PAM-1 stimulated the cleavage/release of a bifunctional 105-kDa PAM protein, the effect was an indirect one since it was also observed in hEK-293 cells expressing a truncated PAM-1 protein that was not phosphorylated.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	F11 receptor	Homo sapiens	236-241
8530417-3	1995	The phorbol ester induced a concentration- and time-dependent increase of prodynorphin mRNA, the maximal effect being reached after 4 h of treatment.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prodynorphin	Rattus norvegicus	74-86
8530417-6	1995	In vitro run-off transcription assays indicated that transcription of the prodynorphin gene was increased both in nuclei isolated from phorbol ester-treated myocytes and in nuclei isolated from control cells and then exposed to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	prodynorphin	Rattus norvegicus	74-86
8530417-8	1995	The phorbol ester-induced increase in prodynorphin gene transcription was prevented by pretreatment of myocytes or isolated nuclei with staurosporine, suggesting that myocardial opioid gene expression may be regulated by nuclear protein kinase C. In this regard, cardiac myocytes expressed protein kinase C-alpha, -delta, -epsilon, and -zeta, as shown by immunoblotting.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prodynorphin	Rattus norvegicus	38-50
8530417-8	1995	The phorbol ester-induced increase in prodynorphin gene transcription was prevented by pretreatment of myocytes or isolated nuclei with staurosporine, suggesting that myocardial opioid gene expression may be regulated by nuclear protein kinase C. In this regard, cardiac myocytes expressed protein kinase C-alpha, -delta, -epsilon, and -zeta, as shown by immunoblotting.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	290-341
8562703-3	1995	We confirmed that c-fos behaves as an immediate-early response gene in spermatogenic cells after stimulation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester or after intercellular calcium levels are raised with calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	18-23
8543026-0	1995	Phorbol ester-induced suppression of leukotriene C4 synthase activity in human granulocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	leukotriene C4 synthase	Homo sapiens	37-60
7493994-9	1995	Phorbol ester-mediated pleckstrin phosphorylation was not affected by wortmannin and wortmannin had no effect on purified platelet PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	23-33
8526879-2	1995	Previously we have shown that activation of these quiescent cells with either phorbol ester or concanavalin A leads to a rapid increase in the rate of protein synthesis and phosphate-labelling of initiation factor eIF-4 alpha [Morley, Rau, Kay and Pain (1993) Eur.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	214-225
8526879-8	1995	In the resting cell, eIF-4 alpha is associated with heat- and acid-stable insulin-responsive protein (PHAS-I; 4E-BP1); following acute stimulation with phorbol ester, there is a 40% decrease in the amount of PHAS-I associated with eIF-4 alpha.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	21-32
8526879-8	1995	In the resting cell, eIF-4 alpha is associated with heat- and acid-stable insulin-responsive protein (PHAS-I; 4E-BP1); following acute stimulation with phorbol ester, there is a 40% decrease in the amount of PHAS-I associated with eIF-4 alpha.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	102-108
8526879-8	1995	In the resting cell, eIF-4 alpha is associated with heat- and acid-stable insulin-responsive protein (PHAS-I; 4E-BP1); following acute stimulation with phorbol ester, there is a 40% decrease in the amount of PHAS-I associated with eIF-4 alpha.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	208-214
8526879-8	1995	In the resting cell, eIF-4 alpha is associated with heat- and acid-stable insulin-responsive protein (PHAS-I; 4E-BP1); following acute stimulation with phorbol ester, there is a 40% decrease in the amount of PHAS-I associated with eIF-4 alpha.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	231-242
7586218-6	1995	Phorbol ester (1 to 100 nmol/L) also suppressed the AT2 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensin II receptor, type 2	Mus musculus	52-55
9072353-6	1995	The protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate, stimulated ET-1 production in cells of both rat strains, but this stimulation was significantly greater in cells of SHR than in cells of WKY rats.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-95
7493637-6	1995	Treating cells with an active phorbol ester induced translocation of PKC alpha to membrane fractions, but had no effect on nuclear PKC alpha levels.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	69-78
7493642-0	1995	Relationship between ornithine decarboxylase and cytoskeletal organization in cultured human keratinocytes: cellular responses to phorbol esters, cytochalasins, and alpha-difluoromethylornithine.	Phorbol Esters	130-144	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	21-44
8926038-7	1995	Similar results were obtained when protein kinase C was stimulated with phorbol ester indicating that the induction of immediate early gene expression by ATP and CGRP involves different intracellular mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	162-166
8777721-5	1995	Mature T cells from Itk-deficient mice had reduced proliferative responses to allogeneic MHC stimulation and to anti-TCR cross-linking, but responded normally to stimulation with phorbol ester plus ionomycin or with IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Mus musculus	20-23
7499427-7	1995	An ACE mutant lacking the transmembrane domain and the cytosolic part (ACE delta COOH), is secreted at a faster rate without a carboxyl-terminal cleavage, and phorbol esters or ionophores have no effect on its rate of production in the medium.	Phorbol Esters	159-173	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	3-6
7499427-7	1995	An ACE mutant lacking the transmembrane domain and the cytosolic part (ACE delta COOH), is secreted at a faster rate without a carboxyl-terminal cleavage, and phorbol esters or ionophores have no effect on its rate of production in the medium.	Phorbol Esters	159-173	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	71-74
7498555-3	1995	Basal and phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated ET-1 secretion were unaffected by ODQ, but stimulated secretion was increased by L-NNA.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
7493642-5	1995	We had previously observed that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), which profoundly alters cell shape, markedly suppresses ODC biosynthesis in NHEK solely at posttranscriptional/protein synthesis levels.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
7499427-6	1995	The solubilization of ACE is less than 2% within 1 h, is increased 2.4-fold by phorbol esters, but is not influenced by ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	22-25
8557601-5	1995	Northern analysis revealed the exposure of cells to compound 3 causes inhibition of both phorbol ester-induced c-fos induction of serum-induced JE induction in the absence of inhibiting RNA synthesis, as measured by [3H]uridine incorporation.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	111-116
7595543-6	1995	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate induced interleukin-6 production, and treatment with a combination of this phorbol ester and interleukin-1 produced synergistic stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	63-76
8557753-5	1995	Antibody stimulation of CD2 expressed on HL60 transfectants resulted within minutes in increased beta 1-mediated adhesion to fibronectin and VCAM-1 at levels comparable to that obtained upon stimulation with the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	212-225	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	24-27
7595543-6	1995	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate induced interleukin-6 production, and treatment with a combination of this phorbol ester and interleukin-1 produced synergistic stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	148-161
7595543-6	1995	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate induced interleukin-6 production, and treatment with a combination of this phorbol ester and interleukin-1 produced synergistic stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	63-76
7595543-7	1995	Prolonged exposure to phorbol ester eliminated subsequent stimulation by phorbol ester but only partially decreased interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 and had no effect on the activities of selected inhibitors including calphostin C. We conclude that tyrosine kinase activity is essential for interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 production in U373 astrocytoma cells and that activity of a phorbol ester-insensitive, atypical protein kinase C isozyme may also be involved.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	116-129
7595543-7	1995	Prolonged exposure to phorbol ester eliminated subsequent stimulation by phorbol ester but only partially decreased interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 and had no effect on the activities of selected inhibitors including calphostin C. We conclude that tyrosine kinase activity is essential for interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 production in U373 astrocytoma cells and that activity of a phorbol ester-insensitive, atypical protein kinase C isozyme may also be involved.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	138-151
7595543-7	1995	Prolonged exposure to phorbol ester eliminated subsequent stimulation by phorbol ester but only partially decreased interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 and had no effect on the activities of selected inhibitors including calphostin C. We conclude that tyrosine kinase activity is essential for interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 production in U373 astrocytoma cells and that activity of a phorbol ester-insensitive, atypical protein kinase C isozyme may also be involved.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	TXK tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	252-267
7595543-7	1995	Prolonged exposure to phorbol ester eliminated subsequent stimulation by phorbol ester but only partially decreased interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 and had no effect on the activities of selected inhibitors including calphostin C. We conclude that tyrosine kinase activity is essential for interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 production in U373 astrocytoma cells and that activity of a phorbol ester-insensitive, atypical protein kinase C isozyme may also be involved.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	294-307
7595543-7	1995	Prolonged exposure to phorbol ester eliminated subsequent stimulation by phorbol ester but only partially decreased interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 and had no effect on the activities of selected inhibitors including calphostin C. We conclude that tyrosine kinase activity is essential for interleukin-1-induced interleukin-6 production in U373 astrocytoma cells and that activity of a phorbol ester-insensitive, atypical protein kinase C isozyme may also be involved.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	316-329
8750912-6	1995	The effect of thrombin seemed to be unrelated to intracellular Ca2+ release but could be partially mimicked by phorbol ester (PMA)-induced stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) and was inhibited by staurosporin or by inactivation of PKC after long-term incubation with PMA.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	14-22
8541228-0	1995	Characterization of the promoter of the gene for a mouse vas deferens protein related to the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: effect of steroid hormones and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B7	Mus musculus	51-77
8538623-0	1995	Protein kinase D (PKD): a novel target for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-16
8538623-0	1995	Protein kinase D (PKD): a novel target for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	18-21
8538623-1	1995	A novel serine/threonine protein kinase regulated by phorbol esters and diacylglycerol (named PKD) has been identified.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	94-97
8538623-3	1995	A bacterially expressed NH2-terminal domain of PKD exhibited high affinity phorbol ester binding activity (Kd = 35 nM).	Phorbol Esters	75-88	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	47-50
8538623-4	1995	Expression of PKD cDNA in COS cells conferred increased phorbol ester binding to intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	14-17
8538623-7	1995	PKD expressed in COS cells showed syntide-2 kinase activity that was stimulated by phorbol esters in the presence of phospholipids.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8519413-0	1995	Characterization of novel phorbol ester- and serum-responsive sequences of the rat ornithine decarboxylase gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-106
8519413-2	1995	We used transient expression assays and DNA-protein binding studies to examine the regulation of ODC promoter activity by phorbol esters and serum growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
8643103-6	1995	The secretory response to crosslinking of the high affinity IgE receptor and also that to non-receptor stimuli (phorbol ester and calcium ionophore) is inhibited by an antibody that appears to recognise both human and rat homologs of CD63.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	Cd63 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	234-238
8538623-8	1995	We propose that PKD may be a novel component in the transduction of diacylglycerol and phorbol ester signals.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	16-19
8848016-1	1995	Protein kinase C (PKC), the major receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, is a family consisting of at least 12 distinct isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
8848000-6	1995	In oocytes expressing only Kv channels phorbol esters (phorboldibutyrate) and phorbol dideconoate (10-30 nM) mimicked the action of ACh on IKv in oocytes coexpressing hm3 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3	Homo sapiens	167-170
7499304-4	1995	Several phorbol esters sensitized these cells to P-glycoprotein substrate drugs; however, there was no correlation with activation of protein kinase C. The 4 alpha- and 4 beta-isomers of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate were equally potent in sensitizing the cells to actinomycin D and daunomycin and in increasing the intracellular accumulation of [3H]vinblastine.	Phorbol Esters	8-22	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	49-63
8830300-0	1995	Defective phorbol ester-stimulated secretion of beta-amyloid precursor protein from Alzheimer"s disease fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	48-78
8789601-6	1995	We investigated whether expression of specific PKC isoforms might correlate with these effects of phorbol esters on PtdCho synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	47-50
8789601-7	1995	All cell lines bound phorbol esters, had PKC activity that was translocated by phorbol esters and differentially expressed isoforms of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	41-44
8789601-7	1995	All cell lines bound phorbol esters, had PKC activity that was translocated by phorbol esters and differentially expressed isoforms of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	41-44
8789601-13	1995	Accordingly, stimulation of PtdCho turnover by phorbol esters correlated only with expression of PKC-alpha; presence of PKC-beta alone was insufficient for a TPA response.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	97-106
8521977-0	1995	Transcriptional regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression in Hep G2 cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	30-48
8521977-5	1995	These data indicate that transcriptional modulation of apolipoprotein A-I gene expression following phorbol ester treatment is transduced by gene elements located between -253 and -4 of the apo A-I promoter.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	55-73
8521977-5	1995	These data indicate that transcriptional modulation of apolipoprotein A-I gene expression following phorbol ester treatment is transduced by gene elements located between -253 and -4 of the apo A-I promoter.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	190-197
7579338-0	1995	Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, phorbol ester, and sodium butyrate induce the CD11c integrin gene promoter activity during myeloid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	96-101
7492337-4	1995	Characterization of transposon Tc1-induced phorbol ester-resistant mutants has revealed that Tc1 was inserted in a region encoding the kinase domain, resulting in the loss of tpa-1 products.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	Protein kinase C-like 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	175-180
7592862-6	1995	Among stimuli tested (ionomycin, alpha-thrombin, phorbol ester, hyperosmotic stress, and platelet-derived growth factor) that are all known to activate NHE1, only ionomycin and thrombin induced a significant intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and early activation of 22Na+ uptake, implying that Ca2+ is a main regulator of NHE1 in the early phase of the agonist response.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	152-156
7589583-3	1995	The phorbol ester TPA differently affected E-cadherin levels in HT-29 M6 cells; at day 2-3, when most E-cadherin was found not-associated to the cytoskeleton, very important decreases (90%) in the total levels of this protein were detected as soon as 6 h after the addition of this compound.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
7589583-3	1995	The phorbol ester TPA differently affected E-cadherin levels in HT-29 M6 cells; at day 2-3, when most E-cadherin was found not-associated to the cytoskeleton, very important decreases (90%) in the total levels of this protein were detected as soon as 6 h after the addition of this compound.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	102-112
7488145-1	1995	The mouse CD5 positive pre-B cell line SPGM-1 can be induced to switch its lineage commitment towards macrophage differentiation by treatment with a combination of phorbol ester and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	10-13
7592895-1	1995	We have recently shown that addition of follitropin (FSH) or a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) to cells expressing the recombinant follitropin receptor (FSHR) results in both phosphorylation and uncoupling of the FSHR from adenylyl cyclase.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	153-173
7592862-6	1995	Among stimuli tested (ionomycin, alpha-thrombin, phorbol ester, hyperosmotic stress, and platelet-derived growth factor) that are all known to activate NHE1, only ionomycin and thrombin induced a significant intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and early activation of 22Na+ uptake, implying that Ca2+ is a main regulator of NHE1 in the early phase of the agonist response.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	177-185
7592895-1	1995	We have recently shown that addition of follitropin (FSH) or a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) to cells expressing the recombinant follitropin receptor (FSHR) results in both phosphorylation and uncoupling of the FSHR from adenylyl cyclase.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	175-179
7592895-1	1995	We have recently shown that addition of follitropin (FSH) or a phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) to cells expressing the recombinant follitropin receptor (FSHR) results in both phosphorylation and uncoupling of the FSHR from adenylyl cyclase.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	235-239
8688912-2	1995	Zymosan, phorbol ester and fluoride induced the formation and accumulation of oxygen radicals intra- and extracellularly, ionomycin and lipopolysaccharide led to an intracellular accumulation of oxygen radicals, while after arachidonic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, no reactive oxygen species were formed.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	245-272
8589651-0	1995	Differential regulation of glucose transport and glucose transporter (GLUT-1) gene expression by vanadate, phorbol ester and okadaic acid in L6 skeletal muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-76
8585929-6	1995	In order to examine whether this VEGF expression was further inducible, the intracellular effector enzyme protein kinase C was activated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	33-37
8562483-8	1995	These results demonstrate that multiple topical treatments with both phorbol ester and nonphorbol ester tumor promoters lead to activation of the EGFr tyrosine kinase in mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	146-150
7585551-2	1995	Phorbol ester (but not serum) treatment only can elicit a small increase in Egr-1 expression in H4, in contrast to the normally rapid, high transient expression of Egr-1 observed after the addition of a wide range of stimulating agents to normal or immortalized cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
7585977-0	1995	Phorbol ester-induced upregulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte P-selectin ligand expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	selectin P	Homo sapiens	66-76
7585977-4	1995	Treatment with phorbol ester for more than 20 min stimulated P-selectin ligand expression.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	selectin P	Homo sapiens	61-71
8585929-12	1995	In conclusion, choroidal fibroblasts respond by elevated VEGF mRNA levels after phorbol ester, interleukin-1 and transforming growth factor beta stimulation and elevated VEGF protein levels after phorbol ester and interleukin-1 stimulation suggesting that choroidal fibroblasts may be target cells for increased VEGF synthesis secondary to paracrine cytokine production.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	57-61
8580077-5	1995	Pretreatment of the APC with phorbol ester or lipopolysaccharide and IL-4 protected their ability to induce IL-2 secretion after gamma-irradiation.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway	Rattus norvegicus	20-23
8564068-8	1995	The phorbol ester induced a time-dependent accumulation of c-fos mRNA and protein was measured by solution hybridization and immunocytochemistry, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	59-64
8580077-5	1995	Pretreatment of the APC with phorbol ester or lipopolysaccharide and IL-4 protected their ability to induce IL-2 secretion after gamma-irradiation.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
8749319-2	1995	We found that gabexate mesilate suppressed SOD-inhibitable cytochrome c reduction in a dose-dependent manner in intact neutrophils activated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	59-71
7593200-8	1995	Finally, conditions that result in T-cell activation and aggregate formation, i.e., treatment with the phorbol ester PMA or T-cell receptor cross-linking, also lead to the repositioning of hsp70 into the aggregate from a membrane/cytosolic locale in congruence with spectrin.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	189-194
7594575-6	1995	However, they mobilized intracellular calcium following stimulation with Ca(2+)-ionophore and produced all of the above cytokines, including IFN-gamma, when stimulated with phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	141-150
8748119-7	1995	In addition, FK506 and CsA potentiated beta-endorphin secretion induced by corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and phorbol ester, but had no apparent acute (60 min) effect on POMC hnRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	39-53
8596194-8	1995	The activity of protein kinase C in membranes prepared from intact myocytes pre-treated for 10 min with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (100 nM), employed as a positive control, and CGRP (10 pM) was significantly greater than in membranes prepared from cardiomyocytes not subjected to agonist stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	16-32
8656080-12	1995	Our results revealed that the -416 fragment of the rat CYP7 gene confers the activation by glucocorticoids and retinoic acid, and inhibition by insulin, phorbol esters and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
7559663-2	1995	This study demonstrates that treatment of cells with the phorbol ester blocked estrogen receptor activity.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-96
7592775-3	1995	Phosphorylation of cPLA2 enhanced the Ca(2+)-induced arachidonic acid release in platelets stimulated by the ionophore A23187 and phorbol ester (phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu)).	Phorbol Esters	130-143	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	19-24
7559624-0	1995	Transcriptional regulation of human prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase-2 gene by lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester in vascular endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	36-73
7488003-0	1995	Phorbol esters attenuate the expression of p53 in cells treated with doxorubicin and protect TS-P53/K562 from apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	43-46
7488003-0	1995	Phorbol esters attenuate the expression of p53 in cells treated with doxorubicin and protect TS-P53/K562 from apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	96-99
7488003-1	1995	The induction of p53 by doxorubicin in normal human fibroblasts was completely reverted by TPA, a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	17-20
7488003-1	1995	The induction of p53 by doxorubicin in normal human fibroblasts was completely reverted by TPA, a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	91-94
7592622-6	1995	Peptides beta C2-1, beta C2-2, and beta C2-4 specifically inhibited phorbol ester-induced translocation of the C2-containing isozymes in cardiac myocytes and insulin-induced beta PKC translocation and function in Xenopus oocytes.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	complement C2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	25-29
7592622-6	1995	Peptides beta C2-1, beta C2-2, and beta C2-4 specifically inhibited phorbol ester-induced translocation of the C2-containing isozymes in cardiac myocytes and insulin-induced beta PKC translocation and function in Xenopus oocytes.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	complement C2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	40-44
7559474-1	1995	Phorbol esters, activators of protein kinase C (PKC), regulate the relative utilization of alternative processing pathways for the Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) in intact cells, increasing the production of nonamyloidogenic soluble beta-APP (s beta-APP) and decreasing that of neurotoxic beta-amyloid (A beta) peptide.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	141-171
7559474-1	1995	Phorbol esters, activators of protein kinase C (PKC), regulate the relative utilization of alternative processing pathways for the Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) in intact cells, increasing the production of nonamyloidogenic soluble beta-APP (s beta-APP) and decreasing that of neurotoxic beta-amyloid (A beta) peptide.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	299-330
7592723-8	1995	Phorbol esters stimulated phosphorylation of CSK 35H proteins, thus emphasizing that sequences isolated according to PKC binding activity in vitro are also PKC substrates in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	C-terminal Src kinase	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
7559628-6	1995	Besides TNF, curcumin also blocked phorbol ester- and hydrogen peroxide-mediated activation of NF-kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	95-105
7592642-7	1995	cAMP-induced AP-1 contained FOS-related antigen-2 in association with JunD, while after phorbol ester stimulation AP-1 complexes consist mainly of JunD/c-Fos heterodimers.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	114-118
7592645-6	1995	Here, we demonstrate that p42MAPK activation by SPC was dependent on PKC activity as shown by inhibition of PKC with the bisindolymaleimide GF 109203X or down-regulation of PKC by prolonged treatment of Swiss 3T3 cells with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	224-238	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	26-33
7592673-4	1995	In this report, we have performed transient transfection experiments with IL-5 promoter-reporter gene constructs, DNase I footprinting assays, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays to investigate the key regulatory regions necessary for activation of the IL-5 promoter by dibutyryl cAMP and phorbol esters in the mouse thymoma line EL-4.	Phorbol Esters	295-309	interleukin 5	Mus musculus	259-263
7559487-4	1995	In human platelets activated with thrombin or phorbol esters, and in COS-1 cells expressing pleckstrin, a combination of phosphopeptide analysis and site-directed mutagenesis shows that three residues in the intervening sequence between the two pleckstrin PH domains become phosphorylated: Ser113, Thr114, and Ser117.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	245-255
7548015-8	1995	Compound 3 very efficiently blocked both basal and phorbol ester-stimulated ACET secretion by ACE89 cells.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	76-80
7590279-5	1995	Phorbol ester (PMA) treatment of cultured baboon SMC produced a 2.5-fold increase in TIMP-1 transcript.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	metalloproteinase inhibitor 1	Papio anubis	85-91
7671257-11	1995	Additionally, in contrast to the parental or control-transfected cell lines, LNCaP/bcl-2 cells were highly resistant to a variety of apoptotic stimuli in vitro including serum starvation and 10 nM phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) supplementation of the medium.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	83-88
7485441-5	1995	Phorbol ester activators of PKC mimicked the stretch response as did platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which acts, in part, through generation of endogenous diacylglycerols.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-31
7485441-6	1995	Both stretch- and PDGF-induced NGF production were blocked by prolonged incubation with phorbol ester to downregulate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	31-34
7485441-6	1995	Both stretch- and PDGF-induced NGF production were blocked by prolonged incubation with phorbol ester to downregulate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	118-121
7545471-3	1995	We have recently shown that IFNs (alpha/beta and gamma) inhibit protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent (such as PDGF and phorbol ester) but not PKC-independent (such as epidermal growth factor) activation of Raf-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK/ERKs) in fibroblasts (Xu et al, Mol Cell Biol 14:8018, 1994), suggesting a novel mechanism by which IFNs execute their antiproliferative function.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	82-85
7545471-6	1995	Our results show that antiproliferative effect of IFN-gamma overrode mitogenic effect of CSF-1 and phorbol ester, as measured by early gene expression, DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	50-59
8564258-10	1995	Following chronic phorbol ester pretreatment, BK-stimulated activation of MAP kinase was abolished whilst the responses to PDGF and ET-1 were only partly reduced (80 and 45% inhibition respectively).	Phorbol Esters	18-31	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	46-48
8564258-10	1995	Following chronic phorbol ester pretreatment, BK-stimulated activation of MAP kinase was abolished whilst the responses to PDGF and ET-1 were only partly reduced (80 and 45% inhibition respectively).	Phorbol Esters	18-31	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	132-136
7670094-4	1995	Calcitriol, 9 cis-RA, and sodium butyrate increase interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA expression, and pretreatment with these agents or RA potentiates the stimulation of IL-8 by phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	169-182	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	66-70
7670094-4	1995	Calcitriol, 9 cis-RA, and sodium butyrate increase interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA expression, and pretreatment with these agents or RA potentiates the stimulation of IL-8 by phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	169-182	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	161-165
8608187-10	1995	The results indicate that phospholipase A2 activation is involved in the phorbol ester-mediated increase in colony formation, since, of the different agents applied, only staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and mepacrine and heparin, putative inhibitors of phospholipase A2, were capable of abolishing phorbol ester-mediated effects.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	26-42
8528190-0	1995	Polyamines and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expression in KM 3 pre-B cell line during phorbol ester induced differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	15-52
8528190-3	1995	Terminal transferase is a DNA polymerase present in pre-T and pre-B cells and its expression can be modulated by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	0-20
8608187-3	1995	Brief exposure (60 min) of cells to the phospholipase A2 inhibitors, mepacrine (500 mumol/l) and heparin (1 g/l), reduced the number of colonies formed in the control group and completely abolished the increase in the number of colonies formed after treatment of the cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	278-291	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	40-56
7671329-4	1995	Moreover, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by pretreatment of Bal-17 B cells with staurosporine, H7, or by phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of PKC activity blocked anti-Ig-stimulated fosB gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9	Mus musculus	178-180
7671329-4	1995	Moreover, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) by pretreatment of Bal-17 B cells with staurosporine, H7, or by phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of PKC activity blocked anti-Ig-stimulated fosB gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene B	Mus musculus	192-196
8608187-10	1995	The results indicate that phospholipase A2 activation is involved in the phorbol ester-mediated increase in colony formation, since, of the different agents applied, only staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and mepacrine and heparin, putative inhibitors of phospholipase A2, were capable of abolishing phorbol ester-mediated effects.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	270-286
8608187-10	1995	The results indicate that phospholipase A2 activation is involved in the phorbol ester-mediated increase in colony formation, since, of the different agents applied, only staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and mepacrine and heparin, putative inhibitors of phospholipase A2, were capable of abolishing phorbol ester-mediated effects.	Phorbol Esters	315-328	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	26-42
7559807-7	1995	Similarly, 5,8,11,14 eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), another inhibitor of the arachidonic acid pathway, blocked the induction of transcripts for TNF-alpha, and both IL-1 genes in phorbol ester-stimulated HL 60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	143-152
7560664-16	1995	Because IL-2 production was markedly decreased but IL-4 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of atopic T cells to produce TH1-like cytokines on stimulation with phorbol ester, ionomycin, or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	negative elongation factor complex member C/D	Homo sapiens	160-163
8589290-3	1995	The recovery of pHi per minute (delta pH/min) after an acid load was 0.26 +/- 0.03 (N = 53) in control conditions and was increased by the diadenosine polyphosphates Ap4A, Ap5A, Ap6A, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristat 13-acetate (PMA) (each 5 mumol/L) and angiotensin II (100 nmol/L) by 0.05 +/- 0.02 (N = 10), 0.11 +/- 0.05 (N = 13), 0.09 +/- 0.02 (N = 24), 0.10 +/- 0.03 (N = 7), and 0.09 +/- 0.03 (N = 8), respectively.	Phorbol Esters	188-201	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Rattus norvegicus	16-19
7584139-3	1995	Results presented here demonstrate that MBP also enhanced FcR-mediated phagocytosis by both monocytes and macrophages, and stimulated CR1-mediated phagocytosis in human culture-derived macrophages and in phorbol ester-activated monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	40-43
7584139-3	1995	Results presented here demonstrate that MBP also enhanced FcR-mediated phagocytosis by both monocytes and macrophages, and stimulated CR1-mediated phagocytosis in human culture-derived macrophages and in phorbol ester-activated monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	134-137
7559807-0	1995	Inhibition of the arachidonic acid pathway prevents induction of IL-8 mRNA by phorbol ester and changes the release of IL-8 from HL 60 cells: differential inhibition of induced expression of IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	65-69
7559807-7	1995	Similarly, 5,8,11,14 eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), another inhibitor of the arachidonic acid pathway, blocked the induction of transcripts for TNF-alpha, and both IL-1 genes in phorbol ester-stimulated HL 60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	163-167
8573737-2	1995	Several activators of protein kinase C, such as high media glucose, angiotensin II, phorbol ester, low density lipoprotein, and the thromboxane analogue U-46619, increase TGF beta bioactivity or mRNA expression and increase the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins by mesangial cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	171-179
7560079-4	1995	The response of MCF-7 and MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells to phorbol esters (TPA) was examined.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	32-41
8573741-6	1995	Increasing PKC activity by treatment with a DAG analogue or active phorbol ester stimulated luciferase activity preferentially in G100; addition of the PKC inhibitors staurosporine or calphostin C markedly inhibited luciferase activity preferentially in G450.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	11-14
7562546-7	1995	2) Our compounds significantly inhibited TNF production of M phi stimulated with the phorbol ester phorbol di-butyrate alone or in combination with A23187.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-44
8594211-5	1995	The gelatinase B gene contains a phorbol ester responsive region (TRE) that binds AP-1 proteins, including c-Fos/c-Jun dimer, the early immediate response gene products.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	107-112
8594211-5	1995	The gelatinase B gene contains a phorbol ester responsive region (TRE) that binds AP-1 proteins, including c-Fos/c-Jun dimer, the early immediate response gene products.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	113-118
7561526-5	1995	PKC activation by phorbol diester was also a poor stimulus of lysosomal secretion.	Phorbol Esters	18-33	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
7564516-10	1995	In contrast to cytokines, phorbol esters enhanced expression and efflux capacity of P-gp in parallel with TF-1 cell monocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
7545243-0	1995	Phorbol ester-induced down modulation of tailless CD4 receptors requires prior binding of gp120 and suggests a role for accessory molecules.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	50-53
7559408-5	1995	Both fMLP and active phorbol esters induced a 2-3-fold increase in GTP gamma S-stimulated PLD in HL-60 membranes.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	90-93
7545243-0	1995	Phorbol ester-induced down modulation of tailless CD4 receptors requires prior binding of gp120 and suggests a role for accessory molecules.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	90-95
7559408-13	1995	We propose that ARF, upon stimulation with agonists such as fMLP or phorbol esters, is translocated to the membrane and in concert with other protein components of the 50-kDa fraction enhances PLD activity.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	193-196
7556667-4	1995	ST2/T1 mRNA is undetectable in the unstimulated parental NIH 3T3 cells that express only the alpha isozyme of PKC, but it can be induced by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	interleukin 1 receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	0-3
7556667-5	1995	Clones that overexpress PKC-alpha, -delta or -epsilon similarly do not express ST2/T1 until they are stimulated with phorbol esters, which induces expression of ST2/T1 with kinetics similar to wild-type NIH 3T3 but to different extents.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	interleukin 1 receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	161-164
7556667-6	1995	In contrast, ST2/T1 mRNA is already present in unstimulated cells that overexpress PKC-beta II, -gamma, -sigma and -eta, but phorbol ester greatly enhances ST2/T1 expression in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	interleukin 1 receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	156-159
7553596-0	1995	A labile hyperphosphorylated c-Fos protein is induced in mouse fibroblast cells treated with a combination of phorbol ester and anti-tumor promoter curcumin.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	29-34
7545679-2	1995	SIP24 can be produced in response to many factors, including serum, basic fibroblast growth factor, prostaglandin F2 alpha, phorbol ester, and dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	lipocalin 2	Mus musculus	0-5
7662976-0	1995	Evidence for a dithiol-activated signaling pathway in natural killer cell avidity regulation of leukocyte function antigen-1: structural requirements and relationship to phorbol ester- and CD16-triggered pathways.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	96-124
7662976-4	1995	This avidity modulation of LFA-1 by DTT required actin polymerization, was abrogated by the protein kinase C inhibitor calphostin C, involved activities of calyculin A- and okadaic acid-sensitive serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP-1 and/or PP-2A but not geldanamycin-sensitive tyrosine kinases, and differed with respect to kinetics and enzyme inhibitor sensitivity from LFA-1 activation promoted by cross-linking of NK cell CD16 or phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	439-452	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	27-32
7545165-1	1995	Stimulation of the activity of protein kinase C by pretreatment of cells with phorbol esters was tested for its ability to inhibit signaling by four members of the insulin receptor family, including the human insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors, the human insulin receptor-related receptor, and the Drosophila insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	221-249
7545165-1	1995	Stimulation of the activity of protein kinase C by pretreatment of cells with phorbol esters was tested for its ability to inhibit signaling by four members of the insulin receptor family, including the human insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors, the human insulin receptor-related receptor, and the Drosophila insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	78-92	insulin receptor related receptor	Homo sapiens	271-341
7568022-0	1995	Phorbol ester treatment inhibits phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation by, and association with, CD28, a T-lymphocyte surface receptor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	100-104
7568022-2	1995	Engagement of CD28 induces interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and cell proliferation when combined with an additional signal such as treatment with phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C. Recent studies have established that after CD28 ligation, the cytoplasmic domain of CD28 can bind to the 85-kDa subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 kinase).	Phorbol Esters	145-158	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	237-241
7568022-2	1995	Engagement of CD28 induces interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and cell proliferation when combined with an additional signal such as treatment with phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C. Recent studies have established that after CD28 ligation, the cytoplasmic domain of CD28 can bind to the 85-kDa subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 kinase).	Phorbol Esters	145-158	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	237-241
7568022-2	1995	Engagement of CD28 induces interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and cell proliferation when combined with an additional signal such as treatment with phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C. Recent studies have established that after CD28 ligation, the cytoplasmic domain of CD28 can bind to the 85-kDa subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 kinase).	Phorbol Esters	145-158	peptidase inhibitor 3	Homo sapiens	348-351
7545390-5	1995	After stimulation of CD44 with an activating anti-CD44 mAb or with phorbol ester, the binding of CD44s to HA was 5- to 10-fold higher than that of the other two isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	21-25
7545390-5	1995	After stimulation of CD44 with an activating anti-CD44 mAb or with phorbol ester, the binding of CD44s to HA was 5- to 10-fold higher than that of the other two isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	50-54
7545390-5	1995	After stimulation of CD44 with an activating anti-CD44 mAb or with phorbol ester, the binding of CD44s to HA was 5- to 10-fold higher than that of the other two isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	50-54
7575680-4	1995	Although protein kinase C activation by treatment of cells with phorbol esters has previously been found to stimulate shedding of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor, this hitherto undescribed activity of suramin was not affected by protein kinase C inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	134-167
7556647-4	1995	The level of HIC-53 mRNA was moderately increased by H2O2 as well as by calcium ionophore or dexamethasone, but was not increased by the addition of serum, tumor promoting phorbol ester, or epidermal growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	phospholipid phosphatase 1	Mus musculus	13-19
7588705-5	1995	Furthermore, in the presence of a phorbol ester, only the clones expressing p37SH2/3 showed increased tyrosine phosphorylation of p62 and c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	KH RNA binding domain containing, signal transduction associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
7588705-5	1995	Furthermore, in the presence of a phorbol ester, only the clones expressing p37SH2/3 showed increased tyrosine phosphorylation of p62 and c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	138-143
7545901-0	1995	The 33-kDa C-terminal domain of Raf-1 protein kinase exhibits a Ras-independent serum- and phorbol ester-induced shift in gel mobility.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	32-37
7545901-1	1995	Experiments were carried out to determine Raf-1 protein kinase domain fragments which exhibit a characteristic electrophoretic mobility shift noted with Raf-1 protein kinase in response to serum and phorbol ester (PMA) treatment of serum-deprived NIH 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	42-47
7545901-1	1995	Experiments were carried out to determine Raf-1 protein kinase domain fragments which exhibit a characteristic electrophoretic mobility shift noted with Raf-1 protein kinase in response to serum and phorbol ester (PMA) treatment of serum-deprived NIH 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	153-158
7673117-0	1995	Phorbol esters stimulate non-transferrin iron uptake by K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	transferrin	Homo sapiens	29-40
8554897-6	1995	We tested CEMx174 cells, which are CD4-positive and HIV-susceptible for phorbol ester-inducible binding to hyaluronic acid through CD44.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	131-135
7500834-0	1995	Promoter activity of the gene encoding the beta-amyloid precursor protein is up-regulated by growth factors, phorbol ester, retinoic acid and interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	43-73
7573455-9	1995	We also showed that active phorbol ester (100 nM) inhibited Ca2+ oscillations and amylase secretion stimulated by JMV-180 (10 nM) or CCK-OPE (100 nM).	Phorbol Esters	27-40	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	133-136
7573392-7	1995	Chloride efflux, in response to 8-bromoadenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate and phorbol ester but not to calcium ionophore, was selectively inhibited by CFTR antisense oligodeoxynucleotide.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Oryctolagus cuniculus	153-157
7654180-6	1995	This antagonistic effect of PTH-(28-48) could be mimicked by activation of PKC with a phorbol ester and inhibited by isobutylmethylxanthine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	28-31
7654180-6	1995	This antagonistic effect of PTH-(28-48) could be mimicked by activation of PKC with a phorbol ester and inhibited by isobutylmethylxanthine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	75-78
7641319-9	1995	Functional analysis of 5" deletion constructs in transfected K562 cells and gel mobility shift localized the major phorbol ester-responsive motifs in the thromboxane receptor gene promoter to a cluster of activator protein-2 (AP-2) binding consensus sites located approximately 1.8 kb 5" from the transcription initiation site.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	205-224
7641319-9	1995	Functional analysis of 5" deletion constructs in transfected K562 cells and gel mobility shift localized the major phorbol ester-responsive motifs in the thromboxane receptor gene promoter to a cluster of activator protein-2 (AP-2) binding consensus sites located approximately 1.8 kb 5" from the transcription initiation site.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	226-230
7589111-3	1995	Using purified ICAM coated on plastic, only binding to ICAM-1 was increased by the CD44 antibody, whereas activation by phorbol ester increased binding to both ICAM-1 and ICAM-3.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	160-166
7589111-3	1995	Using purified ICAM coated on plastic, only binding to ICAM-1 was increased by the CD44 antibody, whereas activation by phorbol ester increased binding to both ICAM-1 and ICAM-3.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	intercellular adhesion molecule 3	Homo sapiens	171-177
7657804-4	1995	The expression of VEGF mRNA was enhanced by insulin, tumor-promoting phorbol ester, calcium ionophore, dibutyryl cAMP, TSH, and Graves" IgG.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	18-22
7649093-11	1995	The effect of GHRH on GHF-1 mRNA levels could be mimicked by direct activators of second messenger signaling systems such as forskolin (10(-5) M) or the phorbol ester tumor promoter tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) (10(-6) M).	Phorbol Esters	153-166	growth hormone releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
7649093-11	1995	The effect of GHRH on GHF-1 mRNA levels could be mimicked by direct activators of second messenger signaling systems such as forskolin (10(-5) M) or the phorbol ester tumor promoter tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) (10(-6) M).	Phorbol Esters	153-166	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
7649096-5	1995	PTH-stimulated phosphate uptake also was strongly dependent upon receptor expression, correlated well with PLC activity, was mimicked by active phorbol esters but not by cAMP analogs or forskolin, and was strikingly inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor, staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	parathyroid hormone	Sus scrofa	0-3
7649107-0	1995	Estrogen and phorbol esters regulate amphiregulin expression by two separate mechanisms in human breast cancer cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	amphiregulin	Homo sapiens	37-49
7649107-3	1995	In the current report we established the mechanisms of the PKC-activating phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and the steroid hormone E2 on the induction of AR expression in human breast carcinoma cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	amphiregulin	Homo sapiens	194-196
7559755-8	1995	Similarly, the phorbol ester-induced increase in fluid-phase endocytosis in oocytes was inhibited by Go 16, C3 transferase, or by injection of ADP-ribosylated RhoA.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	ras homolog family member A L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	159-163
7666190-1	1995	However, controversy exists concerning the actions of agents such as phorbol esters or diacylglycerol (DAG) that activate endogenous PKC, with both enhancement and inhibition of Ca2+ currents described.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	133-136
7665972-0	1995	Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, and phorbol esters on neutral cholesteryl esterase activity in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Rattus norvegicus	80-100
7662713-4	1995	Interestingly, a superoxide dismutase mimic, 4-hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (Tempol, 2.5 mM) and catalase (400 micrograms/ml) could significantly reduce the PQ-stimulated increase of phorbol ester binding and particular PKC phosphorylating activity, but dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, 1.5%), an effective .OH trapping agent, failed to prevent this stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	catalase	Homo sapiens	115-123
7474659-3	1995	Phorbol esters act through stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) and are among the most potent tumor promoters known.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	60-63
7651737-1	1995	Monoblasts transformed by v-Myb can be induced to differentiate into macrophages by treatment with phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	99-112	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	26-31
7501271-3	1995	Using RT-PCR, Northern blotting, and ELISA we demonstrated that the human U373 and U87 glioblastoma cell lines expressed IL-11 and its encoding mRNA when stimulated with IL-1 beta, phorbol ester, and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	181-194	interleukin 11	Homo sapiens	121-126
7658466-1	1995	The gene tpa-1 on chromosome IV of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans plays a major and definitive role in the adversary action of tumour-promoting phorbol esters, which induce growth arrest and locomotory distress in the animal.	Phorbol Esters	149-163	Protein kinase C-like 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	9-14
7650680-2	1995	When cells are exposed to extracellular stimuli such as virus or phorbol ester, the activity of both HIV-EP1 and NF-kappa B is induced.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	HIVEP zinc finger 1	Homo sapiens	101-108
7650680-2	1995	When cells are exposed to extracellular stimuli such as virus or phorbol ester, the activity of both HIV-EP1 and NF-kappa B is induced.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	113-123
7500380-1	1995	SH-SY5Y cells differentiate into neuronal-like cells and express marker proteins like growth-associated protein (GAP-43) and neuropeptide tyrosine when treated with a low concentration (16 nM) of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in the presence of growth factors or serum.	Phorbol Esters	200-213	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	113-119
7651737-3	1995	The introduction of a protein consisting of the three repeats (3R) of the c-Myb DNA-binding domain permits the by-pass of this phorbol ester-induced differentiation and cell cycle arrest.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	74-79
7642587-9	1995	Finally we show that these full-length, transmembrane NDF molecules can undergo phorbol ester regulated cleavage from the membrane, releasing the soluble growth factor into the medium.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	neuregulin 1	Homo sapiens	54-57
7653527-8	1995	These findings indicate that activation of PKC with phorbol esters downregulates NCE mRNA, protein, and activity in renal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	43-46
7644539-0	1995	The cis-acting phorbol ester "12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate"-responsive element is involved in shear stress-induced monocyte chemotactic protein 1 gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	123-153
7635574-9	1995	Treatment of ME180 cells with phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of EGP-1.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2	Homo sapiens	77-82
7543105-10	1995	The addition of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C activator, to monolayers of human skin fibroblasts, increased vitronectin degradation.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	vitronectin	Homo sapiens	154-165
7543107-3	1995	We found that phorbol ester stimulation induced the adhesion of lymphocytes expressing alpha IIb beta 3 to immobilized fibrinogen.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	97-103
7645620-2	1995	STUDY DESIGN: Secondary cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were grown to confluence and treated with interleukin-1 beta, an array of factors with possible regulatory actions (cytokines, growth factors, vasoactive peptides, and steroids), and a phorbol ester as a stimulatory control.	Phorbol Esters	260-273	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	117-135
7653527-8	1995	These findings indicate that activation of PKC with phorbol esters downregulates NCE mRNA, protein, and activity in renal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	solute carrier family 8 member A1	Homo sapiens	81-84
8547221-4	1995	Both compounds potently inhibited PKC activity when added to T-cell membrane preparations and reversed phorbol ester-induced c-fos gene expression in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	125-130
7542179-5	1995	bFGF-induced proliferation was prevented by the PKC inhibitors chelerythrine and H-7 and by downregulation of PKC after prolonged incubation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
7653623-1	1995	The purpose of this study was to investigate, through phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) downregulation, the role of PKC in the regulation of alpha-adrenergic agonist- and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	76-92
7653623-1	1995	The purpose of this study was to investigate, through phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) downregulation, the role of PKC in the regulation of alpha-adrenergic agonist- and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
7653623-1	1995	The purpose of this study was to investigate, through phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) downregulation, the role of PKC in the regulation of alpha-adrenergic agonist- and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
7653623-6	1995	Short-term phorbol ester exposure of PKC-downregulated tissues potentiated the plateau PGF2 alpha contraction elicited in Ca(2+)-free solution, although the magnitude of potentiation was less than that observed in non-PKC downregulated tissues.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
7653623-6	1995	Short-term phorbol ester exposure of PKC-downregulated tissues potentiated the plateau PGF2 alpha contraction elicited in Ca(2+)-free solution, although the magnitude of potentiation was less than that observed in non-PKC downregulated tissues.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	218-221
7664776-4	1995	The expression time course of CD69 mRNA has previously been reported to be transient, peaking around 3 h after induction in T lymphocytes, and declining to nearly resting levels by 8 h. We describe herein studies on the stability of the CD69 mRNA in phorbol ester-activated T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	30-34
7664776-4	1995	The expression time course of CD69 mRNA has previously been reported to be transient, peaking around 3 h after induction in T lymphocytes, and declining to nearly resting levels by 8 h. We describe herein studies on the stability of the CD69 mRNA in phorbol ester-activated T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	237-241
7493751-5	1995	In contrast, lysis of target cells by T-cell clones lacking Fyn was deficient when stimulated through Thy-1 or Ly-6C (using mAb) or with Con A or phorbol ester as compared to clones derived from wild-type mice.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	60-63
7493751-7	1995	Thus, Fyn expression is selectively required for efficient activation of the Fas pathway of lysis through Thy-1, Ly-6C, and by Con A or phorbol ester in these T-cell clones.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	6-9
8588973-0	1995	Inhibitory effect of phorbol ester on bradykinin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis and calcium mobilization in cultured canine tracheal smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	38-48
7545116-10	1995	Studies of interactions between DC and phorbol ester-activated T cells expressing the CD40 ligand revealed a fifth independent adhesion pathway, CD40/CD40 ligand.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	86-90
7545116-10	1995	Studies of interactions between DC and phorbol ester-activated T cells expressing the CD40 ligand revealed a fifth independent adhesion pathway, CD40/CD40 ligand.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	145-149
7545116-10	1995	Studies of interactions between DC and phorbol ester-activated T cells expressing the CD40 ligand revealed a fifth independent adhesion pathway, CD40/CD40 ligand.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	86-97
7628383-0	1995	Protein kinase C-dependent down-regulation of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) receptor by phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor in porcine granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	46-76
7628383-0	1995	Protein kinase C-dependent down-regulation of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) receptor by phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor in porcine granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	78-83
7664804-6	1995	The segregation of IL-4 and IL-5 in activated peripheral T cells was found within 72 h of activation upon anti-CD3 or phorbol ester + ionomycin stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	19-23
7664804-6	1995	The segregation of IL-4 and IL-5 in activated peripheral T cells was found within 72 h of activation upon anti-CD3 or phorbol ester + ionomycin stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	28-32
8530184-5	1995	Our results indicate that stimuli related to protein kinase C (PKC) such as the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 increase ICAM-1 mRNA expression, whereas cyclic nucleotide analogs and PKA agonists have no effect.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-176
7635431-8	1995	Phorbol ester and zymosan activated AP-1 but not NF-kappa B; the treatment of zymosan yielding a modified form of AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
7635431-8	1995	Phorbol ester and zymosan activated AP-1 but not NF-kappa B; the treatment of zymosan yielding a modified form of AP-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	114-118
7542179-5	1995	bFGF-induced proliferation was prevented by the PKC inhibitors chelerythrine and H-7 and by downregulation of PKC after prolonged incubation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	110-113
7636185-0	1995	Treatment with okadaic acid reveals strong threonine phosphorylation of CD18 after activation of CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins with phorbol esters or CD3 antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	72-76
7636185-2	1995	CD11/CD18 avidity may be regulated intracellularly, and the CD18 polypeptide has previously been shown to become phosphorylated in leukocytes after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
7622589-5	1995	TGF-beta was tested in parallel with PMA, an activator of phorbol ester-dependent PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
7622589-9	1995	These findings indicate that induction of PDGF A and B chain mRNAs can be mediated via phorbol ester-dependent PKC pathway.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	42-48
7636185-0	1995	Treatment with okadaic acid reveals strong threonine phosphorylation of CD18 after activation of CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins with phorbol esters or CD3 antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
7636185-5	1995	Both phorbol ester and CD3 treatment activated protein kinase C. CD18 was shown to become more stably phosphorylated after phorbol ester treatment and more transiently so after CD3 stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	65-69
7636185-5	1995	Both phorbol ester and CD3 treatment activated protein kinase C. CD18 was shown to become more stably phosphorylated after phorbol ester treatment and more transiently so after CD3 stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	65-69
7636394-4	1995	The induction of protein kinase C with phorbol ester also increased fibronectin mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	68-79
7476978-0	1995	Estradiol and phorbol ester cause phosphorylation of serine 118 in the human estrogen receptor.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-94
7609063-4	1995	Adjacent binding sites for the ets and cbf proteins likewise constitute a phorbol ester response element within the human T-cell receptor beta-chain (TCR beta) enhancer and contribute to constitutive transcriptional activity of the TCR beta enhancer in T cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	CCAAT enhancer binding protein zeta	Homo sapiens	39-42
7636394-6	1995	Phorbol ester significantly increased both immunoreactive fibronectin levels and the incorporation of [35S]-labeled methionine after 1 and 2 hours (174% +/- 2% and 224% +/- 6% of controls, respectively).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	58-69
7636394-7	1995	Inhibition of protein kinase C with calphostin C attenuated constitutive and phorbol ester induced fibronectin biosynthesis.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	99-110
7476978-1	1995	Serine 118 is definitively identified as a major site of phosphorylation in the human estrogen receptor expressed in COS-1 cells treated with estradiol or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	155-168	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	86-103
7609063-4	1995	Adjacent binding sites for the ets and cbf proteins likewise constitute a phorbol ester response element within the human T-cell receptor beta-chain (TCR beta) enhancer and contribute to constitutive transcriptional activity of the TCR beta enhancer in T cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	T cell receptor beta locus	Homo sapiens	150-158
7609063-4	1995	Adjacent binding sites for the ets and cbf proteins likewise constitute a phorbol ester response element within the human T-cell receptor beta-chain (TCR beta) enhancer and contribute to constitutive transcriptional activity of the TCR beta enhancer in T cells.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	T cell receptor beta locus	Homo sapiens	232-240
7476978-2	1995	At least 30% of the estrogen receptor appears to be phosphorylated on serine 118 after treatment with estradiol or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-37
7476978-3	1995	Human estrogen receptor was expressed in COS-1 cells and labeled in vivo with [32P]orthophosphate in the presence of estradiol or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	6-23
7476978-8	1995	Estrogen receptor labeled in vivo with [32P]-orthophosphate in the presence of estradiol or phorbol ester migrates electrophoretically as a doublet.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-17
7651359-6	1995	Thymeleatoxin, which was similar in other respects to these potent phorbol esters, was found to be less able to compete with binding to PKC-alpha and -epsilon isotypes (IC50, 3-5 microM).	Phorbol Esters	67-81	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	136-145
7579712-0	1995	Phorbol ester induces the rapid processing of cell surface heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor: conversion from juxtacrine to paracrine growth factor activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor	Chlorocebus sabaeus	59-97
7623830-6	1995	Growth factors, serum, and phorbol ester stimulated autophosphorylation of recombinant RSK3 and its kinase activity toward several protein substrates known to be phosphorylated by RSKs.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A2	Homo sapiens	87-91
7651359-7	1995	It appears that, whereas the binding of phorbol esters to PKC depends primarily on the C20 substituent, other areas of the molecule have an influence on this interaction and the PKC isotypes themselves display heterogeneity in their phorbol ester-binding characteristics.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-61
7651359-7	1995	It appears that, whereas the binding of phorbol esters to PKC depends primarily on the C20 substituent, other areas of the molecule have an influence on this interaction and the PKC isotypes themselves display heterogeneity in their phorbol ester-binding characteristics.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	58-61
7583274-6	1995	Time course studies demonstrated that in the phorbol ester treated neurons CGRP mRNA levels continued to increase at 48 h, while maximal induction with dibutyryl cAMP occurred at approximately 12 h. These results indicate that local and/or circulating factors which act through the protein kinase A and C signal transduction pathways upregulate both CGRP expression and release, while glucocorticoids attenuate the stimulatory effects of NGF.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
7618106-3	1995	Activated SRE-dependent gene expression is induced by JNK in cells treated with interleukin-1 and by ERK after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	54-57
7618106-3	1995	Activated SRE-dependent gene expression is induced by JNK in cells treated with interleukin-1 and by ERK after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
7608563-3	1995	Here, we characterize a monoclonal, CBR LFA-1/2, that binds to the beta 2-subunit and is able to mimic activation induced upon stimulation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	40-47
7608563-3	1995	Here, we characterize a monoclonal, CBR LFA-1/2, that binds to the beta 2-subunit and is able to mimic activation induced upon stimulation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	67-73
7583274-6	1995	Time course studies demonstrated that in the phorbol ester treated neurons CGRP mRNA levels continued to increase at 48 h, while maximal induction with dibutyryl cAMP occurred at approximately 12 h. These results indicate that local and/or circulating factors which act through the protein kinase A and C signal transduction pathways upregulate both CGRP expression and release, while glucocorticoids attenuate the stimulatory effects of NGF.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	282-298
7583274-6	1995	Time course studies demonstrated that in the phorbol ester treated neurons CGRP mRNA levels continued to increase at 48 h, while maximal induction with dibutyryl cAMP occurred at approximately 12 h. These results indicate that local and/or circulating factors which act through the protein kinase A and C signal transduction pathways upregulate both CGRP expression and release, while glucocorticoids attenuate the stimulatory effects of NGF.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	350-354
7624130-6	1995	When the cells were stimulated with phorbol ester or hepatocyte growth factor, membrane rufflings were induced and myc-RhoA was translocated to the membrane ruffling area.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	119-123
7541797-5	1995	However, phorbol esters (10(-10)-10(-7) M), which decreased sodium phosphate uptake in the parental OK line, increased it in the calbindin-expressing line.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	calbindin 1	Rattus norvegicus	129-138
7604037-8	1995	In addition, both the tumor promoter okadaic acid (which inhibits protein phosphatases 1 and 2A) and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate) stimulate phosphorylation of p33, p54, and low molecular mass histones.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	lymphotoxin beta	Homo sapiens	183-186
7604037-8	1995	In addition, both the tumor promoter okadaic acid (which inhibits protein phosphatases 1 and 2A) and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate) stimulate phosphorylation of p33, p54, and low molecular mass histones.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	188-191
7608211-0	1995	Phorbol ester abrogates up-regulation of DNA polymerase beta by DNA-alkylating agents in Chinese hamster ovary cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA polymerase beta	Cricetulus griseus	41-60
7547512-0	1995	Regulation of chicken vimentin gene expression by serum, phorbol ester, and growth factors: identification of a novel fibroblast growth factor-inducible element.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	vimentin	Gallus gallus	22-30
7631740-1	1995	The present study examined the effect of phorbol esters, Ca2+, and angiotensin II (ANG II) on protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the rat proximal tubule.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
7631795-2	1995	The products of these genes form a heterodimeric transcription factor complex [activator protein 1 (AP-1)], which is known to be induced by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	155-169	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	79-98
7631795-2	1995	The products of these genes form a heterodimeric transcription factor complex [activator protein 1 (AP-1)], which is known to be induced by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	155-169	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
7631795-5	1995	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) stimulated both AP-1 binding and transcriptional activity in GH3 cells and the somatostatin analogue octreotide inhibited this response by 40-70%.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
7542175-13	1995	As expected, other inhibitors of gap junctional permeability including epidermal growth factor, phorbol ester or lysophosphatidic acid induced a retardation in the mobility of Cx43, indicating an enhancement in the phosphorylation of Cx43 protein.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
7615158-8	1995	In contrast, serum and phorbol ester induction of the TF gene in human epithelial cells is controlled by a proximal enhancer (-111 to +14 bp) containing three overlapping Egr-1/Sp1 binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	54-56
7542175-13	1995	As expected, other inhibitors of gap junctional permeability including epidermal growth factor, phorbol ester or lysophosphatidic acid induced a retardation in the mobility of Cx43, indicating an enhancement in the phosphorylation of Cx43 protein.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	234-238
17180041-4	1995	Secondly, we demonstrate that apoptosis in this model is amenable to modulation by exogenous factors present in the culture medium, such as phorbol ester, and by tranfected genes, as shown by overexpression of bcl-2.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	210-215
7543052-4	1995	We show that SKMEL28 cells express constitutively phosphorylated pp125FAK and that pp125FAK phosphorylation in melanocytes is induced by phorbol esters and growth factors present in melanocyte growth medium.	Phorbol Esters	137-151	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	65-73
7543052-4	1995	We show that SKMEL28 cells express constitutively phosphorylated pp125FAK and that pp125FAK phosphorylation in melanocytes is induced by phorbol esters and growth factors present in melanocyte growth medium.	Phorbol Esters	137-151	protein tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	83-91
7606799-4	1995	Phorbol ester (PMA), a direct activator of PKC, provoked LHRH production and cell surface expression of CD69 and IL-2R molecules by T cells, but not IL-2 synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
7606799-4	1995	Phorbol ester (PMA), a direct activator of PKC, provoked LHRH production and cell surface expression of CD69 and IL-2R molecules by T cells, but not IL-2 synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	104-108
7606799-4	1995	Phorbol ester (PMA), a direct activator of PKC, provoked LHRH production and cell surface expression of CD69 and IL-2R molecules by T cells, but not IL-2 synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	113-118
7606799-4	1995	Phorbol ester (PMA), a direct activator of PKC, provoked LHRH production and cell surface expression of CD69 and IL-2R molecules by T cells, but not IL-2 synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	113-117
7542590-7	1995	CD59 cross-linking synergizes with sub-optimal doses of phorbol ester for activation of the protein kinase C and of the p42mapk, as shown by in vitro phosphorylation of histone HIIIS and myelin basic protein, respectively, and leads to CD25 but not CD69 expression.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-4
7542590-7	1995	CD59 cross-linking synergizes with sub-optimal doses of phorbol ester for activation of the protein kinase C and of the p42mapk, as shown by in vitro phosphorylation of histone HIIIS and myelin basic protein, respectively, and leads to CD25 but not CD69 expression.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	120-127
7542590-7	1995	CD59 cross-linking synergizes with sub-optimal doses of phorbol ester for activation of the protein kinase C and of the p42mapk, as shown by in vitro phosphorylation of histone HIIIS and myelin basic protein, respectively, and leads to CD25 but not CD69 expression.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	187-207
7542590-7	1995	CD59 cross-linking synergizes with sub-optimal doses of phorbol ester for activation of the protein kinase C and of the p42mapk, as shown by in vitro phosphorylation of histone HIIIS and myelin basic protein, respectively, and leads to CD25 but not CD69 expression.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	236-240
7542590-7	1995	CD59 cross-linking synergizes with sub-optimal doses of phorbol ester for activation of the protein kinase C and of the p42mapk, as shown by in vitro phosphorylation of histone HIIIS and myelin basic protein, respectively, and leads to CD25 but not CD69 expression.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	249-253
7628547-3	1995	In senescent endothelial cells, PAI-1 mRNA and protein are constitutively high, but uninducible by exogenous interleukin 1 alpha as well as by the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
7615158-8	1995	In contrast, serum and phorbol ester induction of the TF gene in human epithelial cells is controlled by a proximal enhancer (-111 to +14 bp) containing three overlapping Egr-1/Sp1 binding sites.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	171-176
7615158-9	1995	Sp1 is constitutively expressed whereas Egr-1 expression is induced by serum or phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	40-45
7601425-4	1995	Northern analysis of RNA extracted from Kupffer cells stimulated with phorbol ester demonstrated a 2.8 kb transcript for gelatinase B.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	121-133
7622767-2	1995	To examine the pattern of cytokine production associated with elevated IgE levels, phorbol ester plus ionomycin-stimulated production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by blood mononuclear cells from 16 patients with atopic dermatitis was compared with that of 18 healthy subjects.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	157-161
7601425-7	1995	Stimulation of Kupffer cells by phorbol ester markedly induced gelatinase B release, which was inhibited by cycloheximide.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	63-75
7545455-12	1995	Phorbol ester (TPA) enhanced the IL-3R mRNA expression in KMT2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 3 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	33-38
7622767-2	1995	To examine the pattern of cytokine production associated with elevated IgE levels, phorbol ester plus ionomycin-stimulated production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by blood mononuclear cells from 16 patients with atopic dermatitis was compared with that of 18 healthy subjects.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	167-183
7622767-2	1995	To examine the pattern of cytokine production associated with elevated IgE levels, phorbol ester plus ionomycin-stimulated production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by blood mononuclear cells from 16 patients with atopic dermatitis was compared with that of 18 healthy subjects.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	185-194
7622767-5	1995	Furthermore, ionomycin plus phorbol ester-stimulated mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis produced less IL-4 and more IFN-gamma than did cells from healthy subjects.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	122-126
7622767-5	1995	Furthermore, ionomycin plus phorbol ester-stimulated mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis produced less IL-4 and more IFN-gamma than did cells from healthy subjects.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	136-145
7642751-7	1995	In isolated microglia, mRNA(IL-3) was increased upon treatment with LPS, PHA, with the cytokines IL-1 or TNF-alpha, with retinoic acid, dbcAMP or the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	interleukin 3	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
7615799-6	1995	Their release of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 after stimulation with soluble anti-CD3 and phorbol ester was indistinguishable from the other clones from this thyroid.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	17-21
7615799-6	1995	Their release of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 after stimulation with soluble anti-CD3 and phorbol ester was indistinguishable from the other clones from this thyroid.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	33-38
7602099-4	1995	Like the human GM-CSF enhancer, this element formed a cyclosporin A-inhibitable DNase I-hypersensitive site in the murine T cell line EL4 upon activation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	15-21
7602099-4	1995	Like the human GM-CSF enhancer, this element formed a cyclosporin A-inhibitable DNase I-hypersensitive site in the murine T cell line EL4 upon activation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	134-137
7473877-5	1995	Furthermore, the increase in NGF gene expression observed following microtubule disruption depended on a cascade of events involving at least one protein kinase, which is not down-regulated by phorbol ester, and on a pertussis toxin sensitive step.	Phorbol Esters	193-206	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	29-32
7790394-3	1995	We find that differentiation of U937 cells induced by phorbol esters and bryostain 1, activators of protein kinase C, and the phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, stimulates transcription from an enhancer sequence which contains multimerized AP-3 binding sequences but not from one that contains multimerized AP-2 binding motifs.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	309-313
7472324-13	1995	The amplitude of Kv3.1 currents, and the probability of channel openings, was reduced by a phorbol ester activator of protein kinase C, and the action of this agent was blocked by preincubation with the protein kinase inhibitor H7 (1-[5-isoquinolinesulfonyl]-2-methyl piperazine).	Phorbol Esters	91-104	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
7791792-6	1995	Expression of the mutant calcineurin appears to affect cellular signal transduction pathways, as EL4 cells can be activated by suboptimal concentrations of calcium ionophore in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	193-207	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	97-100
7790892-1	1995	The protein kinase C (PKC) family is composed of at least four conventional (alpha, beta I, beta II, and gamma) and several related novel (delta, epsilon, eta, and zeta) isoforms with different distribution and sensitivity to Ca2+ and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	235-249	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
7476971-9	1995	The SKUT-1B-20 cell line was then used in reconstitution experiments to delineate the role of Pit-1 in modulating the transcriptional effects of phorbol ester, PKA, and estrogen receptor (ER) on the hPRL gene.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
7476971-10	1995	The low response of hPRL/luciferase fusion genes to phorbol ester was greatly enhanced by cotransfected Pit-1 and was mediated by the proximal region between -250 and -38.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	prolactin	Homo sapiens	20-24
7476971-10	1995	The low response of hPRL/luciferase fusion genes to phorbol ester was greatly enhanced by cotransfected Pit-1 and was mediated by the proximal region between -250 and -38.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	104-109
7637391-2	1995	We demonstrated by 32P-labeling that the short (1 h) treatment of the REH6 cells with the tumor promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), resulted in a rapid phosphorylation of at least three (P1, P2 and P3) stathmin isoforms without an alteration of stathmin isoform expression.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	stathmin 1	Mus musculus	235-243
7637391-2	1995	We demonstrated by 32P-labeling that the short (1 h) treatment of the REH6 cells with the tumor promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), resulted in a rapid phosphorylation of at least three (P1, P2 and P3) stathmin isoforms without an alteration of stathmin isoform expression.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	stathmin 1	Mus musculus	278-286
7554227-0	1995	Phorbol esters and PKC signaling regulate proliferation, vimentin cytoskeleton assembly and glutamine synthetase activity of chick embryo cerebrum astrocytes in culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	vimentin	Gallus gallus	57-65
7554227-0	1995	Phorbol esters and PKC signaling regulate proliferation, vimentin cytoskeleton assembly and glutamine synthetase activity of chick embryo cerebrum astrocytes in culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	glutamate-ammonia ligase	Gallus gallus	92-112
7781068-0	1995	Crystal structure of the cys2 activator-binding domain of protein kinase C delta in complex with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	58-80
7598724-0	1995	Phorbol ester stimulates rapid intracellular phosphorylation of glia maturation factor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glia maturation factor beta	Homo sapiens	64-86
7797543-1	1995	Dissociation of signaling pathways for insulin and phorbol ester regulation of PEPCK gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	79-84
7797543-3	1995	Glucagon (via the second messenger cAMP) and glucocorticoids stimulate the transcription of the PEPCK gene, whereas insulin and phorbol esters inhibit, in a dominant fashion, these effects.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	96-101
7759887-7	1995	Furthermore, prolonged incubation of the cells with phorbol ester, which down-regulates PKC activity, abolished synergistic cooperative effect of taxol with rIFN-gamma on NO synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	157-167
7797543-7	1995	Phorbol esters mimic the action of insulin on the regulation of PEPCK gene expression, but wortmannin does not block the effect of these agents.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin	Homo sapiens	35-42
7797543-7	1995	Phorbol esters mimic the action of insulin on the regulation of PEPCK gene expression, but wortmannin does not block the effect of these agents.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	64-69
7797543-9	1995	The immunosuppressant rapamycin, a potent inhibitor of insulin or phorbol ester stimulation of p70/p85 ribosomal S6 protein kinase, has no significant effect on the regulation of PEPCK gene expression by insulin or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain containing B	Homo sapiens	95-98
7775471-0	1995	Differential expression and regulation of hsp70 and hsp90 by phorbol esters and heat shock.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	42-47
7599192-2	1995	Expression of NHE1 is modulated in response to chronic metabolic acidosis, growth factors, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	14-18
7775471-0	1995	Differential expression and regulation of hsp70 and hsp90 by phorbol esters and heat shock.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
7554585-4	1995	The known PKC stimulator, phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), caused maximal translocation of PKC at 100 nM with a 84.5% decrease in cytosolic PKC and a corresponding 252.1% increase in membrane-bound PKC.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
7669728-4	1995	In phorbol ester-induced differentiated wild-type cells, TRK-A expression was increased with no change in NGF responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
7757989-10	1995	By analyzing the molecular mechanisms of IL-6 up-regulation upon PDT, we provide evidence for regulatory differences compared to UV light, ionizing irradiation, or stimulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	41-45
7539427-0	1995	Carbachol, substance P, and phorbol ester promote the tyrosine phosphorylation of protein kinase C delta in salivary gland epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	82-104
7611406-12	1995	Phorbol ester mimicked the effect of CCK, whereas ionomycin and thapsigargin failed to activate MEK.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
7788861-7	1995	HL60 cells were induced to differentiate toward monocytes-macrophages by incubation with phorbol ester, showing a 5- to 2-fold increase of AhR mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens	139-142
7758170-5	1995	Protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester transiently induced preproET-1 mRNA but had no effect on ET-1 peptide synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
7554585-4	1995	The known PKC stimulator, phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), caused maximal translocation of PKC at 100 nM with a 84.5% decrease in cytosolic PKC and a corresponding 252.1% increase in membrane-bound PKC.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
7554585-4	1995	The known PKC stimulator, phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), caused maximal translocation of PKC at 100 nM with a 84.5% decrease in cytosolic PKC and a corresponding 252.1% increase in membrane-bound PKC.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
7554585-4	1995	The known PKC stimulator, phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), caused maximal translocation of PKC at 100 nM with a 84.5% decrease in cytosolic PKC and a corresponding 252.1% increase in membrane-bound PKC.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	116-119
7577804-13	1995	In marked contrast, wortmannin resulted in a potent inhibition of anti-CD3 plus B7-1 or anti-CD28-induced IL-2 secretion while phorbol ester plus ionomycin-induced IL-2 secretion was wortmannin resistant.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	164-168
7789629-1	1995	GLUT4 translocation and activation of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle can be induced by both physiological (i.e., insulin, nerve stimulation, or exercise) and pharmacological (i.e., phorbol ester) means.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
7789629-2	1995	Recently, we demonstrated that high glucose levels may mimic the effects of phorbol esters on protein kinase C (PKC) and insulin receptor function (J Biol Chem 269:3381-3386, 1994).	Phorbol Esters	76-90	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	121-137
7789629-3	1995	In this study, we tested whether the previously described effects of phorbol esters on translocation of GLUT4 in myotubes in culture and also in rat skeletal muscle might be mimicked by glucose.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	104-109
7796894-1	1995	It is known that phorbol esters can protect IL-2-dependent lymphocytes against apoptosis induced by IL-2 withdrawal.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	44-48
7796894-1	1995	It is known that phorbol esters can protect IL-2-dependent lymphocytes against apoptosis induced by IL-2 withdrawal.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	100-104
7796894-4	1995	Supplementing the incubation medium with phorbol esters during IL-2 deprivation protects CTLL-2 cells against both apoptosis and intracellular acidification.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	63-67
7539815-7	1995	Moreover, although these agents used alone did not affect GPIIb/IIIa expression, they markedly reversed phorbol ester-induced GPIIb/IIIa expression increase.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	126-131
8529070-1	1995	The modulation of dopamine DA1 receptors of cultured rat renal arterial smooth muscle cells by phorbol ester, glucocorticoid and sodium chloride was studied.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	RT1 class II, locus Da	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
7768563-6	1995	The protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate stimulated ET-1 production in a concentration-dependent manner in cells of both rat strains, but this stimulation was significantly greater in SHR than WKY cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
7751651-9	1995	In contrast, activation of protein kinase C with phorbol ester augmented the LPS response, whereas inhibiting protein kinase C with 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7) suppressed the LPS response.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	77-80
7775587-11	1995	In addition, LPA also increased the production of the T cell growth factor, interleukin 2 (IL-2), by Jurkat cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	127-141	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	76-89
7775587-11	1995	In addition, LPA also increased the production of the T cell growth factor, interleukin 2 (IL-2), by Jurkat cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	127-141	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	91-95
7480804-7	1995	In contrast to IL-1 beta, treatment with phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate, TPA, 10(-10)-10(-6)M) for 24 h significantly inhibited total cellular cPLA2 activity in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	15-24
7782924-1	1995	Studies on the mechanism of dietary fat and energy modulation of skin carcinogenesis suggest that these diets may act through the cellular binding site of the phorbol ester tumor promoters, protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	159-172	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	208-211
7760824-1	1995	Human myeloid leukemia cells, such as HL60, U937, and THP1 cells, undergo macrophage differentiation and growth arrest following treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	54-58
7480804-7	1995	In contrast to IL-1 beta, treatment with phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate, TPA, 10(-10)-10(-6)M) for 24 h significantly inhibited total cellular cPLA2 activity in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	165-170
7676466-0	1995	beta-Bungarotoxin blocks phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of MARCKS, GAP-43 and synapsin I in rat brain synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	69-75
7676466-0	1995	beta-Bungarotoxin blocks phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of MARCKS, GAP-43 and synapsin I in rat brain synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	77-83
7676466-0	1995	beta-Bungarotoxin blocks phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of MARCKS, GAP-43 and synapsin I in rat brain synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	synapsin I	Rattus norvegicus	88-98
7676466-3	1995	In our present study, we found that 1 nM beta-BuTX blocked phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of GAP-43, MARCKS and synapsin I without affecting their basal phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	103-109
7676466-3	1995	In our present study, we found that 1 nM beta-BuTX blocked phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of GAP-43, MARCKS and synapsin I without affecting their basal phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	111-117
7676466-3	1995	In our present study, we found that 1 nM beta-BuTX blocked phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of GAP-43, MARCKS and synapsin I without affecting their basal phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	synapsin I	Rattus norvegicus	122-132
7779868-4	1995	Phorbol ester (TPA) caused rapid depletion of myotube PKC alpha and PKC alpha and PKC delta isoforms from the cytosolic compartment and rapid appearance of these isoforms in the membrane fraction.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	54-63
7779868-4	1995	Phorbol ester (TPA) caused rapid depletion of myotube PKC alpha and PKC alpha and PKC delta isoforms from the cytosolic compartment and rapid appearance of these isoforms in the membrane fraction.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	68-77
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	233-237
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	243-247
7759510-0	1995	Fos-related antigen (Fra-1), junB, and junD activate human involucrin promoter transcription by binding to proximal and distal AP1 sites to mediate phorbol ester effects on promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	21-26
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	inversin	Homo sapiens	279-283
7759510-0	1995	Fos-related antigen (Fra-1), junB, and junD activate human involucrin promoter transcription by binding to proximal and distal AP1 sites to mediate phorbol ester effects on promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	29-33
7759529-6	1995	Stable transformants carrying expression vector alone or expressing CDP/cut mRNA were induced to differentiate along the macrophage lineage with phorbol ester or along the neutrophil lineage with dimethyl sulfoxide or retinoic acid/dimethylformamide.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	cut like homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
7759510-0	1995	Fos-related antigen (Fra-1), junB, and junD activate human involucrin promoter transcription by binding to proximal and distal AP1 sites to mediate phorbol ester effects on promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	39-43
7759510-0	1995	Fos-related antigen (Fra-1), junB, and junD activate human involucrin promoter transcription by binding to proximal and distal AP1 sites to mediate phorbol ester effects on promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	involucrin	Homo sapiens	59-69
7759510-0	1995	Fos-related antigen (Fra-1), junB, and junD activate human involucrin promoter transcription by binding to proximal and distal AP1 sites to mediate phorbol ester effects on promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	127-130
7759510-7	1995	Involucrin mRNA levels increase 10-fold and promoter activity 5-11-fold when differentiation is induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	involucrin	Homo sapiens	0-10
7759510-8	1995	Functional studies implicate AP1-1 and AP1-5 in mediating the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	29-44
7537298-2	1995	Following stimulation with the combination of a calcium ionophore and a phorbol ester, human B cells bound a soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular portion of CD40 and the Fc region of IgG1 (CD40.Ig).	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	172-176
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	25-28
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	inversin	Homo sapiens	42-46
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	137-140
7759510-10	1995	We conclude that (i) two AP1 sites in the hINV promoter are important elements required for keratinocyte-specific expression, (ii) these AP1-1 sites mediate the phorbol ester-dependent increase in promoter activity, and (iii) Fra-1, junB, and junD may be important regulators of hINV expression in epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	226-231
7730618-6	1995	In contrast to results obtained in mice and humans, phorbol ester did not synergize in T cell activation with CD28-specific mAb but even induced sensitivity to cyclosporin A in T cell cultures that were optimally costimulated by mAbs to the TCR and to CD28.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	241-244
7730618-6	1995	In contrast to results obtained in mice and humans, phorbol ester did not synergize in T cell activation with CD28-specific mAb but even induced sensitivity to cyclosporin A in T cell cultures that were optimally costimulated by mAbs to the TCR and to CD28.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	252-256
7537298-2	1995	Following stimulation with the combination of a calcium ionophore and a phorbol ester, human B cells bound a soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular portion of CD40 and the Fc region of IgG1 (CD40.Ig).	Phorbol Esters	72-85	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	204-208
7755624-3	1995	Phosphorylation of the intact cells, stimulated by phorbol ester, approximately halves the retention of glycophorin C in the membrane cytoskeletons prepared from these cells and reduces the affinity of extracellular glycophorin C epitopes for their antibody.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	glycophorin C (Gerbich blood group)	Homo sapiens	104-117
7755564-6	1995	However, much more severe depletion of PKC-alpha and PKC-beta by phorbol ester treatment in cultured rat adipocytes in vitro resulted in, if anything, smaller increases in PKC-alpha mRNA and PKC-beta mRNA, and it therefore appears that insulin effects on PKC mRNA levels were not simply due to decreases in respective PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	39-48
7755564-6	1995	However, much more severe depletion of PKC-alpha and PKC-beta by phorbol ester treatment in cultured rat adipocytes in vitro resulted in, if anything, smaller increases in PKC-alpha mRNA and PKC-beta mRNA, and it therefore appears that insulin effects on PKC mRNA levels were not simply due to decreases in respective PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	53-61
7755564-6	1995	However, much more severe depletion of PKC-alpha and PKC-beta by phorbol ester treatment in cultured rat adipocytes in vitro resulted in, if anything, smaller increases in PKC-alpha mRNA and PKC-beta mRNA, and it therefore appears that insulin effects on PKC mRNA levels were not simply due to decreases in respective PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	172-181
7755564-6	1995	However, much more severe depletion of PKC-alpha and PKC-beta by phorbol ester treatment in cultured rat adipocytes in vitro resulted in, if anything, smaller increases in PKC-alpha mRNA and PKC-beta mRNA, and it therefore appears that insulin effects on PKC mRNA levels were not simply due to decreases in respective PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	191-199
7730618-7	1995	This result points to a novel effect of protein kinase activation by phorbol ester on signal transduction by TCR plus CD28 costimulation which only becomes apparent if, as in the rat, the TCR-mediated signal cannot be replaced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	109-112
7730618-7	1995	This result points to a novel effect of protein kinase activation by phorbol ester on signal transduction by TCR plus CD28 costimulation which only becomes apparent if, as in the rat, the TCR-mediated signal cannot be replaced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	Cd28 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
7730618-7	1995	This result points to a novel effect of protein kinase activation by phorbol ester on signal transduction by TCR plus CD28 costimulation which only becomes apparent if, as in the rat, the TCR-mediated signal cannot be replaced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	188-191
7730618-7	1995	This result points to a novel effect of protein kinase activation by phorbol ester on signal transduction by TCR plus CD28 costimulation which only becomes apparent if, as in the rat, the TCR-mediated signal cannot be replaced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	109-112
7730618-7	1995	This result points to a novel effect of protein kinase activation by phorbol ester on signal transduction by TCR plus CD28 costimulation which only becomes apparent if, as in the rat, the TCR-mediated signal cannot be replaced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	230-243	Cd28 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
7755632-2	1995	In streptolysin-Q-permeabilized HL-60 cells, phorbol ester or diacylglycerol enhanced greatly this PLD activation in the presence of ATP-Mg2+.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	99-102
7755632-4	1995	This phorbol-ester-induced PLD activation was completely counteracted not only by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors but also by tyrosine kinase inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	27-30
7755564-6	1995	However, much more severe depletion of PKC-alpha and PKC-beta by phorbol ester treatment in cultured rat adipocytes in vitro resulted in, if anything, smaller increases in PKC-alpha mRNA and PKC-beta mRNA, and it therefore appears that insulin effects on PKC mRNA levels were not simply due to decreases in respective PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
7755564-6	1995	However, much more severe depletion of PKC-alpha and PKC-beta by phorbol ester treatment in cultured rat adipocytes in vitro resulted in, if anything, smaller increases in PKC-alpha mRNA and PKC-beta mRNA, and it therefore appears that insulin effects on PKC mRNA levels were not simply due to decreases in respective PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	53-56
7755624-3	1995	Phosphorylation of the intact cells, stimulated by phorbol ester, approximately halves the retention of glycophorin C in the membrane cytoskeletons prepared from these cells and reduces the affinity of extracellular glycophorin C epitopes for their antibody.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	glycophorin C (Gerbich blood group)	Homo sapiens	216-229
7744747-0	1995	Role of transcription factor Egr-1 in phorbol ester-induced phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-34
7744747-0	1995	Role of transcription factor Egr-1 in phorbol ester-induced phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	60-98
7762070-5	1995	Cotransfection of IL-2 promoter with delta CaM-AI allowed the activation of IL-2 promoter in the presence of phorbol ester alone.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
7538254-10	1995	Furthermore, we demonstrate that synergistic induction by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore of a BZLF1 promoter-driven reporter construct in an EBV-negative BL cell line can be inhibited by addition of cyclosporin A.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	99-104
7738037-0	1995	Long term phorbol ester treatment down-regulates the beta 3-adrenergic receptor in 3T3-F442A adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	adrenergic receptor, beta 3	Mus musculus	53-79
7537738-3	1995	We expressed the cysteine-rich region of Unc-13 in Escherichia coli and quantitatively analyzed its interactions with phorbol esters and related analogs, its phospholipid requirements, and its inhibitor sensitivity.	Phorbol Esters	118-132	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	41-47
7537738-10	1995	In conclusion, although our results revealed some differences in ligand and lipid cofactor sensitivities, Unc-13 represents a high affinity cellular target for the phorbol esters as well as for the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol, at least in C. elegans.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	106-112
7762070-5	1995	Cotransfection of IL-2 promoter with delta CaM-AI allowed the activation of IL-2 promoter in the presence of phorbol ester alone.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
7750571-2	1995	Recent studies indicate that the activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol ester raises the rate of secretion of APPs.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	58-74
7750571-2	1995	Recent studies indicate that the activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol ester raises the rate of secretion of APPs.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
7738000-10	1995	PTPase inhibitors also blocked NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester, ceramide, and interleukin-1 but not that activated by okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22	Homo sapiens	0-6
7738000-10	1995	PTPase inhibitors also blocked NF-kappa B activation induced by phorbol ester, ceramide, and interleukin-1 but not that activated by okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	31-41
7544155-10	1995	Indeed, similar to metallothionein-1, RBTN-2 mRNA was induced in thymocytes of mice exposed to zinc and in human thymocytes treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	LIM domain only 2	Mus musculus	38-44
8527304-5	1995	Inhibitor studies suggest that arachidonic acid release by fluoride stimulation leads to phospholipase A2 activation with signal transduction involving phospholipase C and protein kinase C. Only neutrophilic cells responded to phorbol ester if Ca(2+)-ionophore was simultaneously present but this effect was abolished by extended treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	345-358	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	89-105
7750207-3	1995	The effects of amiloride on the modulation of uPA mRNA and protein induced by phorbol ester (PMA) and cycloheximide (CHX) were studied in four colon cancer cell lines, HCT116, KM12SM, LIM1215 and LS123.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	46-49
7728992-6	1995	Phorbol ester and the depolarizing agent veratridine, stimulators of protein kinase C and calcium influx, respectively, were found to markedly increase VPF/VEGF mRNA expression in cardiac myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	152-155
7728992-6	1995	Phorbol ester and the depolarizing agent veratridine, stimulators of protein kinase C and calcium influx, respectively, were found to markedly increase VPF/VEGF mRNA expression in cardiac myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	156-160
7720675-0	1995	Phorbol ester-induced alteration in the pattern of secretion and storage of chromogranin A and neurotensin in a human pancreatic carcinoid cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	76-90
7656184-7	1995	The phorbol ester TPA--an activator of protein kinase C--and to a lesser extent FGF but not EGF, stimulated osteopontin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Gallus gallus	108-119
7720675-0	1995	Phorbol ester-induced alteration in the pattern of secretion and storage of chromogranin A and neurotensin in a human pancreatic carcinoid cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	95-106
7744008-2	1995	We have analyzed the events that lead to c-Jun activation via dephosphorylation of these sites in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	41-46
7720675-1	1995	Brief phorbol ester treatment of BON cells results in a persistent release and cellular depletion of immunoreactive chromogranin A (CGA-IR) and neurotensin (NT-IR) cell contents.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	116-130
7720675-1	1995	Brief phorbol ester treatment of BON cells results in a persistent release and cellular depletion of immunoreactive chromogranin A (CGA-IR) and neurotensin (NT-IR) cell contents.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	132-135
7720675-1	1995	Brief phorbol ester treatment of BON cells results in a persistent release and cellular depletion of immunoreactive chromogranin A (CGA-IR) and neurotensin (NT-IR) cell contents.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	144-155
7635514-6	1995	The LN-associated TNF-alpha retained at least some of its biological activities, since both diffusible and, to a greater extent, LN-bound TNF-alpha elevated the beta 1-integrin-dependent adhesion to LN of phorbol ester-activated human CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	18-27
7539757-5	1995	We show here that ligation of CD40 rapidly induces the appearance of the bcl-XL protein in WEHI-231, while stimulation via sIgM, sIgD, CD5 or CD45 receptors, or with phorbol esters plus ionomycin does not.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	CD40 antigen	Mus musculus	30-34
7542077-2	1995	Stimuli delivered by the combination of phorbol ester (PMA) and CA2+ ionophore (ionomycin) induced marked IL-5 production by PBMCs obtained from atopic as well as nonatopic asthmatics.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	106-110
7738187-2	1995	In this regard, phorbol esters, a class of potent PKC activators, have been found to induce a number of cellular events in normal or transformed colonocytes.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
7738187-5	1995	The Ca(2+)-independent or novel isoforms of PKC expressed in the rat colon and the isoform-specific responses of PKC to acute treatment with phorbol esters or 1,25(OH)2D3 have not been previously characterized.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
7738187-5	1995	The Ca(2+)-independent or novel isoforms of PKC expressed in the rat colon and the isoform-specific responses of PKC to acute treatment with phorbol esters or 1,25(OH)2D3 have not been previously characterized.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	113-116
7738187-13	1995	These studies indicate that PKC-alpha, -delta, and/or -epsilon likely mediate important phorbol ester-stimulated events described in the rat colon.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	28-37
7473001-4	1995	Similar to BK, two phorbol esters, phorbol 12,13 dibutyrate (PDBu) and phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) which are known to stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), synergistically enhanced the TNF alpha induced IL-1 beta production in the gingival fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	191-200
7473001-4	1995	Similar to BK, two phorbol esters, phorbol 12,13 dibutyrate (PDBu) and phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) which are known to stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), synergistically enhanced the TNF alpha induced IL-1 beta production in the gingival fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	209-218
7722512-7	1995	Concurrent stimulation of alpha-receptors or treatment with active phorbol ester augments rat pineal response to PACAP-38 stimulation just as it increases the response to VIP, PHI, and beta-receptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	113-118
7722512-7	1995	Concurrent stimulation of alpha-receptors or treatment with active phorbol ester augments rat pineal response to PACAP-38 stimulation just as it increases the response to VIP, PHI, and beta-receptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	171-174
7722512-7	1995	Concurrent stimulation of alpha-receptors or treatment with active phorbol ester augments rat pineal response to PACAP-38 stimulation just as it increases the response to VIP, PHI, and beta-receptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Rattus norvegicus	176-179
7492943-2	1995	Protein kinase C (PKC), the major receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, consists of a family of at least 12 distinct lipid-regulated enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	18-21
7536769-8	1995	Selective pharmacologic activation of these pathways with phorbol esters and calcium ionophore, respectively, resulted in opposite effects on both L-selectin density and mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	selectin L	Homo sapiens	147-157
7536769-9	1995	Phorbol esters induced receptor shedding followed by progressive increases in L-selectin density and steady state levels of mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	selectin L	Homo sapiens	78-88
7722482-0	1995	Synergistic stimulation of interleukin 6 release and gene expression by phorbol esters and interleukin 1 beta in rat cortical astrocytes: role of protein kinase C activation and blockade.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	27-40
7722482-2	1995	The blockade of protein kinase C catalytic domain, by staurosporine, as well as the desensitization of protein kinase C by short-term phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate pretreatment, increased the basal release of interleukin 6 by rat cortical astrocytes, whereas calphostin C, an antagonist of phorbol ester binding on protein kinase C regulatory domain, did not affect the basal release of the cytokine.	Phorbol Esters	292-305	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	211-224
7635514-6	1995	The LN-associated TNF-alpha retained at least some of its biological activities, since both diffusible and, to a greater extent, LN-bound TNF-alpha elevated the beta 1-integrin-dependent adhesion to LN of phorbol ester-activated human CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	138-147
7635514-6	1995	The LN-associated TNF-alpha retained at least some of its biological activities, since both diffusible and, to a greater extent, LN-bound TNF-alpha elevated the beta 1-integrin-dependent adhesion to LN of phorbol ester-activated human CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	161-176
7730337-9	1995	The stimulatory effects of PMA could be magnified by cotransfection with both Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent phorbol ester-binding PKC-alpha, -beta I, -beta II, -gamma, -delta, and -epsilon cDNAs, but not by non-phorbol ester-binding PKC-zeta cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	134-143
7537266-1	1995	The effects of a phorbol ester (TPA) and of members of the Jun and Fos oncoprotein family on the activity of the rat alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter were checked by using transient expression experiments in HepG2 hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	117-134
7537266-1	1995	The effects of a phorbol ester (TPA) and of members of the Jun and Fos oncoprotein family on the activity of the rat alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter were checked by using transient expression experiments in HepG2 hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	136-139
7739560-7	1995	In addition to insulin, several other agents which activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (platelet-derived growth factor, serum, and phorbol ester) also resulted in the uncoupling of the SOS-Grb2 complex.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	growth factor receptor-bound protein 2	Cricetulus griseus	207-211
7730337-9	1995	The stimulatory effects of PMA could be magnified by cotransfection with both Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent phorbol ester-binding PKC-alpha, -beta I, -beta II, -gamma, -delta, and -epsilon cDNAs, but not by non-phorbol ester-binding PKC-zeta cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	237-245
7730383-5	1995	Activation of each isozyme"s kinase activity (with the exception of PKC-zeta) by treatment of these cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate results in isozyme-specific alterations of cell morphology, as well as in a rapid, selective redistribution of the different PKC isozymes to distinct subcellular structures.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	68-76
7730337-9	1995	The stimulatory effects of PMA could be magnified by cotransfection with both Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent phorbol ester-binding PKC-alpha, -beta I, -beta II, -gamma, -delta, and -epsilon cDNAs, but not by non-phorbol ester-binding PKC-zeta cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	134-143
7730383-5	1995	Activation of each isozyme"s kinase activity (with the exception of PKC-zeta) by treatment of these cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate results in isozyme-specific alterations of cell morphology, as well as in a rapid, selective redistribution of the different PKC isozymes to distinct subcellular structures.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	68-71
7704900-2	1995	A rapid increase in pim-1 mRNA levels was found after stimulation of normal unseparated PBMCs with phorbol ester (PMA) and a calcium ionophore (ionomycin) with the peak level occurring 4 hr poststimulation.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	20-25
7785897-0	1995	Effects of okadaic acid on calcitriol- and phorbol ester-induced expression and phosphorylation of osteopontin in mouse JB6 epidermal cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Mus musculus	99-110
7733936-1	1995	The transepithelial paracellular permeability of an epithelium formed by LLC-PK1 cells increases upon activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester tumor promoter, TPA, or in response to the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	PKC	Sus scrofa	116-132
7737130-4	1995	In contrast, treatment with the phorbol ester TPA preferentially enhances c-Jun-dependent transactivation but does not affect ATF-2.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	46-49
7737130-4	1995	In contrast, treatment with the phorbol ester TPA preferentially enhances c-Jun-dependent transactivation but does not affect ATF-2.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	74-79
7733889-5	1995	In contrast, the ability of zymosan or phorbol ester to cause both persistent activation of PLA2-85 and arachidonate release was greatly reduced or abolished.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	phospholipase A2, group V	Mus musculus	92-96
7733936-1	1995	The transepithelial paracellular permeability of an epithelium formed by LLC-PK1 cells increases upon activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester tumor promoter, TPA, or in response to the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	PKC	Sus scrofa	134-137
7739890-4	1995	A CCACCCAC element at position -61/-54 was identified as the in vivo binding site for a strong transcriptional activator in phorbol ester-treated megakaryocytic K562 cells, which express a high PDGF B mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	194-200
7629889-5	1995	We found that in both the BV-2 microglial cell line and in astrocyte cultures, MIP-1 alpha mRNA was strongly induced by lipopolysaccharide and the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3	Mus musculus	79-90
7726865-0	1995	Identification of a phorbol ester responsive region in the myeloid-specific promoter of the c-fgr proto-oncogene.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	92-97
7726832-2	1995	The inhibitory effect of okadaic acid on elastin mRNA levels was efficiently prevented by retinoic acid and cycloheximide and was further enhanced by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	elastin	Homo sapiens	41-48
7711070-3	1995	It was shown that destabilization of the most abundant erythroid mRNA of K562 cells coding for fetal globin (gamma-globin,) is partially responsible for its silencing in phorbol ester-induced K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	hemoglobin subunit gamma 1	Homo sapiens	101-123
7713942-2	1995	The effect is mimicked by phorbol esters, which directly activate protein kinase C. Using human embryonic kidney cells expressing individual muscarinic receptor subtypes, we found that stimulation of APPs release by the muscarinic agonist carbachol was only partially reduced by a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C (the bisindolylmaleimide GF 109203X), while the response to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was abolished.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	200-204
7626323-4	1995	Activation of protein kinase C(PKC) by pretreating the cells with phorbol esters blocked the EGF-induced increase in [Ca++]i.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-96
7729429-3	1995	Analysis of nuclear extracts of resting, normal T lymphocytes revealed the presence of the p50, but not the p65, NF-kappa B subunit and the induction by phorbol esters of bona fide (p50-p65) NF-kappa B complexes.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
7729429-3	1995	Analysis of nuclear extracts of resting, normal T lymphocytes revealed the presence of the p50, but not the p65, NF-kappa B subunit and the induction by phorbol esters of bona fide (p50-p65) NF-kappa B complexes.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	186-189
7729429-3	1995	Analysis of nuclear extracts of resting, normal T lymphocytes revealed the presence of the p50, but not the p65, NF-kappa B subunit and the induction by phorbol esters of bona fide (p50-p65) NF-kappa B complexes.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	191-201
7794805-8	1995	These data suggest that the decision of a cell to undergo death or differentiation in response to phorbol esters may, in part, be modulated by alterations within the PKC signal transduction pathway.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	166-169
7537667-5	1995	If allowed to interact with ICAM-1 under static conditions, phorbol ester-treated T lymphocytes, but not resting T lymphocytes, are able to form stationary adhesions that withstand the detachment force generated by 36 dyn/cm2 wall shear stress.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	28-34
7895646-4	1995	In the present study, we address the role of GnRH and two second messenger activators, a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) and forskolin, in the regulation of GnRH-R gene expression in the alpha T3-1 gonadotrope cell line.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Mus musculus	178-184
7537667-8	1995	Chemoattractant stimulation of neutrophils or phorbol ester stimulation of lymphoblasts rolling on coimmobilized PNAd and ICAM-1 results in rapid arrest and firm sticking, extending the model of sequential selectin-mediated rolling and subsequent integrin-mediated firm arrest to lymphocytes and ligands expressed on HEV.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	122-128
7547679-5	1995	Furthermore, we show that phorbol esters and cyclosporin A (CsA), which prevent Ca(2+)-dependent apoptosis, up-regulated Bcl-2 expression.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	121-126
7789423-5	1995	Furthermore, exposure of the glia to a phorbol ester mimics the inhibitory effects of TGF beta 2 or t-ACPD.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	transforming growth factor beta 2	Homo sapiens	86-96
7789423-5	1995	Furthermore, exposure of the glia to a phorbol ester mimics the inhibitory effects of TGF beta 2 or t-ACPD.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	homer scaffold protein 2	Homo sapiens	102-106
7625125-1	1995	Human promonocytic THP-1 cells were previously shown to be nonpermissive for Pichinde virus (PV) replication unless the cells were induced to differentiate to macrophages by stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA) (J. Virol.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	19-24
7615646-8	1995	The phorbol ester, PMA, up-regulated considerably the mRNA expression of TIMP-1 but had no effect on protein production.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	73-79
21556613-1	1995	THP-1, a human myeloid leukemia cell line, which secretes activin-A after phorbol ester induced cell differentiation, was used to examine the possible expression and presence of activin receptors because activin, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, has been found to be up-regulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
21556615-11	1995	Prior treatment of astrocytoma cell lines with phorbol ester upregulated TIMP-1 and 92-kDa type IV collagenase transcripts, but not TIMP-2 and 72-kDa type IV collagenase transcripts.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	73-110
7534792-5	1995	Phorbol ester and ionomycin treatment induced p50, p65, and p68 c-rel kappa B DNA-binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
7534792-5	1995	Phorbol ester and ionomycin treatment induced p50, p65, and p68 c-rel kappa B DNA-binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	51-54
7534792-5	1995	Phorbol ester and ionomycin treatment induced p50, p65, and p68 c-rel kappa B DNA-binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	60-63
7534792-5	1995	Phorbol ester and ionomycin treatment induced p50, p65, and p68 c-rel kappa B DNA-binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	64-69
7664984-2	1995	We have found that phorbol esters regulate endocytosis of uPA-PAI-1 differently in different cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Sus scrofa	58-61
7664984-2	1995	We have found that phorbol esters regulate endocytosis of uPA-PAI-1 differently in different cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	serpin family E member 1	Sus scrofa	62-67
7755255-4	1995	Phorbol ester activators of protein kinase C exhibit growth-promoting effects in many cell types, suggesting that this enzyme may be responsible for the growth effects of angiotensin II on cardiac fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	171-185
7706312-5	1995	The first MEK activator has an apparent M(r) of 40,000-50,000, was immunologically distinct from A-Raf, B-Raf, c-Raf-1, c-MEKK, c-Mos, MEK1, and MEK2, and was rapidly activated by serum, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, thrombin, and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	249-262	midkine	Mus musculus	10-13
7706312-8	1995	c-Raf-1 from cytosol did not exhibit MEK activator activity; however, c-Raf-1 immunoprecipitates from the particulate fraction revealed MEK activator activity that was enhanced after stimulation with PDGF or phorbol ester, but not serum or insulin.	Phorbol Esters	208-221	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	70-77
7720709-3	1995	Using AP1 reporter cells, we also show that glucocorticoids or vitamin D3, together with either RA or these "dissociating" synthetic retinoids, can synergistically repress phorbol ester-induced AP1 activity.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	6-9
7720709-3	1995	Using AP1 reporter cells, we also show that glucocorticoids or vitamin D3, together with either RA or these "dissociating" synthetic retinoids, can synergistically repress phorbol ester-induced AP1 activity.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	194-197
7887961-2	1995	Phorbol ester and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) cause an increase in VEGF mRNA expression, which is strongly suppressed in the presence of dexamethasone, whereas hypoxia-induced VEGF expression is not inhibited by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	77-81
7887961-3	1995	Studies using a VEGF promoter luciferase construct show that the phorbol ester and PDGF-induced VEGF expression is mediated at least in part by transcriptional activation of the VEGF promoter, whereas no transcriptional activation is seen under hypoxic conditions.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	16-20
7887961-3	1995	Studies using a VEGF promoter luciferase construct show that the phorbol ester and PDGF-induced VEGF expression is mediated at least in part by transcriptional activation of the VEGF promoter, whereas no transcriptional activation is seen under hypoxic conditions.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	96-100
7887961-3	1995	Studies using a VEGF promoter luciferase construct show that the phorbol ester and PDGF-induced VEGF expression is mediated at least in part by transcriptional activation of the VEGF promoter, whereas no transcriptional activation is seen under hypoxic conditions.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	96-100
7890769-3	1995	We have previously shown that EGF and phorbol esters stimulate the human gastrin promoter through a novel GC-rich DNA element 5"-(68)GGGGCGGGGTGGGGGG-53 called gERE (gastrin EGF response element).	Phorbol Esters	38-52	gastrin	Homo sapiens	73-80
7890769-3	1995	We have previously shown that EGF and phorbol esters stimulate the human gastrin promoter through a novel GC-rich DNA element 5"-(68)GGGGCGGGGTGGGGGG-53 called gERE (gastrin EGF response element).	Phorbol Esters	38-52	gastrin	Homo sapiens	166-173
7534287-4	1995	Comparison of phosphopeptide maps of Raf-1 immunoprecipitated from the two cell types activated by either aFGF or the phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) suggests that Raf-1 is phosphorylated by both Ras-dependent and PLC-gamma-dependent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	37-42
7890622-10	1995	In parallel, the anti-PtdIns 4-kinase fully inhibited the activation of PLD by GTP gamma S and caused a 60% inhibition of PLD activation by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, indicating that elevated PtdIns-4,5-P2 levels are required for PLD activation.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	122-125
7890622-10	1995	In parallel, the anti-PtdIns 4-kinase fully inhibited the activation of PLD by GTP gamma S and caused a 60% inhibition of PLD activation by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, indicating that elevated PtdIns-4,5-P2 levels are required for PLD activation.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	122-125
7890673-3	1995	Mesangial cell PDGF-A chain mRNA abundance is regulated by several agents including phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	15-27
7890673-8	1995	Gel mobility shift analysis using labeled oligomer corresponding to the binding site for PDGF-A-BP-1 indicates that PDGF-A-BP-1 is induced by phorbol ester in mesangial cells as well as fat-storing cells (> 20 fold).	Phorbol Esters	142-155	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	89-95
7890673-8	1995	Gel mobility shift analysis using labeled oligomer corresponding to the binding site for PDGF-A-BP-1 indicates that PDGF-A-BP-1 is induced by phorbol ester in mesangial cells as well as fat-storing cells (> 20 fold).	Phorbol Esters	142-155	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	116-122
7890673-11	1995	PDGF-A-BP-1 appears to represent a novel protein which is induced by phorbol ester and thus has the potential for an important role in the transcriptional regulation of the PDGF-A chain gene in mesangial cells and other vascular pericytes.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	0-6
7890673-11	1995	PDGF-A-BP-1 appears to represent a novel protein which is induced by phorbol ester and thus has the potential for an important role in the transcriptional regulation of the PDGF-A chain gene in mesangial cells and other vascular pericytes.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	173-185
7540861-5	1995	When we used either CD4+CD8+ thymocytes or peripheral T cells activated by phorbol ester and ionomycin, the cell surface induction of CD5 was also partially blocked by CsA, FK-520 and rapamycin.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	134-137
7794797-4	1995	Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping of RPTP alpha demonstrated that phosphorylation of three tryptic peptides was enhanced in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A	Homo sapiens	34-44
7794797-5	1995	In vitro dephosphorylation of RPTP alpha from phorbol ester-treated cells reduced RPTP alpha activity to prestimulation levels, indicating that enhanced serine phosphorylation directly accounted for the increase in activity.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A	Homo sapiens	30-40
7794797-5	1995	In vitro dephosphorylation of RPTP alpha from phorbol ester-treated cells reduced RPTP alpha activity to prestimulation levels, indicating that enhanced serine phosphorylation directly accounted for the increase in activity.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A	Homo sapiens	82-92
7540862-2	1995	Stimuli delivered by the combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore induced marked IL-5 production by PBMC obtained from atopic and non-atopic asthmatics, suggesting that both protein kinase C and Ca2+ influx are required for IL-5 production.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	88-92
7540862-2	1995	Stimuli delivered by the combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore induced marked IL-5 production by PBMC obtained from atopic and non-atopic asthmatics, suggesting that both protein kinase C and Ca2+ influx are required for IL-5 production.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	231-235
7867077-6	1995	IL-4 profoundly inhibited both basal and phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha promoter activity as well as protein production.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
7867077-6	1995	IL-4 profoundly inhibited both basal and phorbol ester-induced TNF-alpha promoter activity as well as protein production.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	63-72
7751020-8	1995	However, Bcl-2 expression could be markedly induced in ileal PP B cells cultured with phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore, a procedure that is known to rescue these cells from apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	apoptosis regulator Bcl-2	Ovis aries	9-14
7534768-7	1995	Arrest of rolling cells on VCAM-1 occurred spontaneously, and/or was triggered by integrin activating agents Mn2+, phorbol ester, and mAb TS2/16.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
7768986-6	1995	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, significantly reduced the dexamethasone-induced enhancement of IP3 formation stimulated by vasopressin, angiotensin II or NaF 4 alpha-Phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate, a PKC-nonactivating phorbol ester, had little effect on the enhancement by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	271-284	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	180-191
7622590-3	1995	PKC-beta 1 is distributed between two identifiable pools: a cytoplasmic pool which redistributes to the plasma membrane upon activation with acute phorbol ester-treatment, and a membrane-bound pool associated with intracellular vesicles containing beta 2-integrin adhesion molecules, cd11b and cd11c.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	0-8
7622590-7	1995	PKC-epsilon is associated with filamentous structures in resting cells and redistributes to the perinuclear region upon activation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-11
7768986-6	1995	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, significantly reduced the dexamethasone-induced enhancement of IP3 formation stimulated by vasopressin, angiotensin II or NaF 4 alpha-Phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate, a PKC-nonactivating phorbol ester, had little effect on the enhancement by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	180-191
7768986-6	1995	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester, significantly reduced the dexamethasone-induced enhancement of IP3 formation stimulated by vasopressin, angiotensin II or NaF 4 alpha-Phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate, a PKC-nonactivating phorbol ester, had little effect on the enhancement by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	193-207
7883998-4	1995	Induced differentiation of the p53-deficient promyelocytic HL-60 cells along the monocytic lineage by phorbol ester or 1a,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 resulted in a marked increase of both p21WAF1/CIP1/SDI1 mRNA and protein expression due to enhanced mRNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	31-34
7883998-4	1995	Induced differentiation of the p53-deficient promyelocytic HL-60 cells along the monocytic lineage by phorbol ester or 1a,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 resulted in a marked increase of both p21WAF1/CIP1/SDI1 mRNA and protein expression due to enhanced mRNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	191-195
7883998-4	1995	Induced differentiation of the p53-deficient promyelocytic HL-60 cells along the monocytic lineage by phorbol ester or 1a,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 resulted in a marked increase of both p21WAF1/CIP1/SDI1 mRNA and protein expression due to enhanced mRNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	196-200
7876094-9	1995	Phorbol ester up-regulated the Vmax of system B in 2-day-old cells to Vmax = 6.32 +/- 0.37 nmol min-1 mg of protein-1 (Km = 169 +/- 18 microM), and in 9-day-old cells to Vmax = 1.42 +/- 0.05 nmole min-1 mg of protein-1 (Km = 180 +/- 10 microM).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	96-101
7532676-1	1995	Stimulation of B and T cells via the antigen receptor, by phorbol ester or by phorbol ester and ionomycin, leads to nuclear translocation of the inducible transcription factor NF-kappa B, comprising the p50 and p65 rel-related polypeptides.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	176-186
7532676-1	1995	Stimulation of B and T cells via the antigen receptor, by phorbol ester or by phorbol ester and ionomycin, leads to nuclear translocation of the inducible transcription factor NF-kappa B, comprising the p50 and p65 rel-related polypeptides.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	203-206
7532676-1	1995	Stimulation of B and T cells via the antigen receptor, by phorbol ester or by phorbol ester and ionomycin, leads to nuclear translocation of the inducible transcription factor NF-kappa B, comprising the p50 and p65 rel-related polypeptides.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	176-186
7532676-1	1995	Stimulation of B and T cells via the antigen receptor, by phorbol ester or by phorbol ester and ionomycin, leads to nuclear translocation of the inducible transcription factor NF-kappa B, comprising the p50 and p65 rel-related polypeptides.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	203-206
7532676-3	1995	Whereas NF-kappa B can be induced by phorbol ester alone, optimal induction of c-rel requires stimulation by both phorbol ester and ionomycin, the dual signal that is necessary for proliferation of untransformed lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	8-18
7532676-3	1995	Whereas NF-kappa B can be induced by phorbol ester alone, optimal induction of c-rel requires stimulation by both phorbol ester and ionomycin, the dual signal that is necessary for proliferation of untransformed lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	79-84
7585044-1	1995	For the discovery of new cancer chemopreventive agents, we have studied the potential of plant extracts to inhibit phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	137-160
7585044-1	1995	For the discovery of new cancer chemopreventive agents, we have studied the potential of plant extracts to inhibit phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	162-165
7893369-1	1995	The molecular dissection of protein kinase C (PKC) action has been based in part on time-consuming functional assays such as the mouse skin model for testing the tumor promoter activity of phorbol esters and related PKC activators.	Phorbol Esters	189-203	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	46-49
7876109-1	1995	Treatment with phorbol esters increases endocytosis of the transferrin receptor in K562 cells (Klausner, R. D., Harford, J., and van Renswoude, J.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	transferrin	Homo sapiens	59-70
7876109-18	1995	Our results rigorously demonstrate that activation of protein kinase C down-regulates the K562 cell transferrin receptor in two stages: acute regulation of early steps in endocytosis that results in an immediate reduction of approximately 40% in cell surface number of receptors and a more chronic reduction in transferrin receptor synthesis upon prolonged exposure to phorbol esters (> 15 h).	Phorbol Esters	369-383	transferrin	Homo sapiens	100-111
7705361-7	1995	In comparison with other inducing treatments such as phorbol esters or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), the methylene-blue-mediated activation of NF-kappa B is slow, becoming optimal 180 min after treatment.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	154-164
7869041-5	1995	Stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin induced CD40L mRNA and surface CD40L expression by gamma/delta T cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	53-58
7869041-5	1995	Stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin induced CD40L mRNA and surface CD40L expression by gamma/delta T cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	CD40 ligand	Homo sapiens	76-81
7758843-0	1995	Transcriptional regulation of the lactate dehydrogenase A subunit gene by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	lactate dehydrogenase A	Rattus norvegicus	34-57
7876094-9	1995	Phorbol ester up-regulated the Vmax of system B in 2-day-old cells to Vmax = 6.32 +/- 0.37 nmol min-1 mg of protein-1 (Km = 169 +/- 18 microM), and in 9-day-old cells to Vmax = 1.42 +/- 0.05 nmole min-1 mg of protein-1 (Km = 180 +/- 10 microM).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	197-202
7875295-2	1995	We have recently reported that differentiation of myeloid cells, induced by phorbol ester, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) is accompanied by the activation of the differentiation-induced factor (DIF).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	199-229
7875295-2	1995	We have recently reported that differentiation of myeloid cells, induced by phorbol ester, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) is accompanied by the activation of the differentiation-induced factor (DIF).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	231-234
7836756-7	1995	This conclusion is based on abrogation of sIg-induced CREB Ser133 phosphorylation by long-term phorbol-ester treatment to deplete PKC, and mimicking of sIg-induced CREB phosphorylation and CRE-dependent gene expression by short-term PKC agonism.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
7836748-5	1995	The most potent effects were observed with IL-4 and the phorbol ester, O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an activator of protein kinase C. IL-4 also partly inhibited TGF-beta 1 and forskolin-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	146-150
7836748-5	1995	The most potent effects were observed with IL-4 and the phorbol ester, O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an activator of protein kinase C. IL-4 also partly inhibited TGF-beta 1 and forskolin-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	173-183
7836756-7	1995	This conclusion is based on abrogation of sIg-induced CREB Ser133 phosphorylation by long-term phorbol-ester treatment to deplete PKC, and mimicking of sIg-induced CREB phosphorylation and CRE-dependent gene expression by short-term PKC agonism.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
7857297-0	1995	Signal transduction in SF9 insect cells: endocytosis of recombinant CD4 after phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	68-71
7852335-2	1995	Phorbol esters cause long term activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and frequently the down-regulation of PKC protein levels in mammalian cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-61
7852335-2	1995	Phorbol esters cause long term activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and frequently the down-regulation of PKC protein levels in mammalian cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	63-66
7852335-2	1995	Phorbol esters cause long term activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and frequently the down-regulation of PKC protein levels in mammalian cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	106-109
7852335-3	1995	Mammalian PKC-gamma, -delta, and -eta down-regulated in response to phorbol esters when expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	10-37
7533902-0	1995	Human fibroblast growth factor 1 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells is modulated via an alternate promoter in response to serum and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	6-32
7533902-7	1995	Using Northern blot hybridization analyses, a previous study demonstrated a significant increase of FGF-1 mRNA levels in cultured saphenous vein smooth muscle cells in response to serum and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	190-203	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	100-105
7533902-13	1995	In contrast, quiescent cells, when exposed to serum or phorbol ester, utilize a different FGF-1 promoter, namely promoter 1C.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	90-95
7857262-2	1995	Synthetic diacylglycerol or phorbol ester can mimic the effect of insulin on G3PDH activity, suggesting that protein kinase C may be involved in regulation of G3PDH levels.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	insulin	Homo sapiens	66-73
7794683-2	1995	Furthermore, phorbol esters have been shown to be growth inhibitory when added to vascular smooth muscle cells simultaneously with thrombin.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	131-139
7873388-5	1995	In contrast, phorbol esters (PMA) up-regulate both CD23 isoforms in the malignant B cells and specifically increases type B in normal B cells.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	51-55
7845676-3	1995	PBMCs were stimulated to enter the cell cycle by treatment with a combination of the mitogenic lectin phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and phorbol ester (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	131-144	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	146-149
7736562-0	1995	Effect of phorbol ester on phosphoinositide hydrolysis and calcium mobilization induced by endothelin-1 in cultured canine tracheal smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	endothelin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	91-103
7533088-1	1995	The CD7 40-kDa glycoprotein is present on a major subset of human T cells and in the presence of phorbol esters mediates an accessory pathway of T cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	97-111	CD7 molecule	Homo sapiens	4-7
7835299-6	1995	These cells released GHBP of the expected size, and this release could be increased by incubation with a phorbol ester, which stimulated receptor synthesis through the cytomegalovirus promoter.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	growth hormone receptor	Homo sapiens	21-25
7835303-2	1995	Treatment of these cells with forskolin (FSK) caused up-regulation of VDR, whereas treatment with phorbol esters suppressed VDR levels.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	vitamin D receptor	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
7588378-6	1995	The action of AII on AT1-R mRNA was probably mediated through both protein kinase C and Ca(2+)-sensitive protein kinases as the effect at 4 h was not completely reproduced by phorbol ester alone, but was fully reproduced by a combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	14-17
7588378-6	1995	The action of AII on AT1-R mRNA was probably mediated through both protein kinase C and Ca(2+)-sensitive protein kinases as the effect at 4 h was not completely reproduced by phorbol ester alone, but was fully reproduced by a combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
7588378-6	1995	The action of AII on AT1-R mRNA was probably mediated through both protein kinase C and Ca(2+)-sensitive protein kinases as the effect at 4 h was not completely reproduced by phorbol ester alone, but was fully reproduced by a combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	14-17
7588378-6	1995	The action of AII on AT1-R mRNA was probably mediated through both protein kinase C and Ca(2+)-sensitive protein kinases as the effect at 4 h was not completely reproduced by phorbol ester alone, but was fully reproduced by a combination of phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
21153153-0	1995	Effects of phorbol ester and staurosporine on the actions of insulin-like growth factor-I on rat ovarian granulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-89
21153155-5	1995	Thrombin and the phorbol ester, TPA, compounds which regulate TF expression in other cell types by activation of protein kinase C (PKC), increased TF mRNA in both uterine organ cultures and in separated uterine cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	62-64
21153155-5	1995	Thrombin and the phorbol ester, TPA, compounds which regulate TF expression in other cell types by activation of protein kinase C (PKC), increased TF mRNA in both uterine organ cultures and in separated uterine cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	147-149
7734420-3	1995	A rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL-2H3) and phorbol ester-stimulated rat peritoneal mast cells adhered to fibronectin (FN), vitronectin and fibrinogen.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-123
7843278-3	1995	In this study we showed that HL-60 cells exposed to phorbol esters express osteopontin (OPN), a cell adhesion molecule linked with osteoclast function.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	75-86
7843278-3	1995	In this study we showed that HL-60 cells exposed to phorbol esters express osteopontin (OPN), a cell adhesion molecule linked with osteoclast function.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	88-91
7843278-4	1995	Moreover, the timed expression of OPN, in phorbol ester treated cells, was linked to increased cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
7843281-0	1995	Thrombin and phorbol ester induce internalization of thrombin receptor of human mesangial cells through different pathways.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	53-61
7539402-0	1995	Phorbol ester activates CD5+ leukaemic B cells via a T cell-independent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	24-27
7734420-3	1995	A rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL-2H3) and phorbol ester-stimulated rat peritoneal mast cells adhered to fibronectin (FN), vitronectin and fibrinogen.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	125-127
7734420-3	1995	A rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL-2H3) and phorbol ester-stimulated rat peritoneal mast cells adhered to fibronectin (FN), vitronectin and fibrinogen.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	vitronectin	Rattus norvegicus	130-141
7529789-6	1995	Phorbol ester raises the amount of the soluble CD106 in the supernatant while simultaneously inducing the disappearance of the membrane-bound form.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	47-52
7776965-0	1995	Human chorionic gonadotropin (CG)- and phorbol ester-stimulated phosphorylation of the luteinizing hormone/CG receptor maps to serines 635, 639, 649, and 652 in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	107-109
7861766-9	1995	At high dosages (10(-7)-10(-8) M), CCK was a comitogen with "complete" lymphocyte mitogens such as anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) or low-dose PHA, but not for "partial" mitogens such as phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	190-204	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	35-38
7822814-6	1995	In contrast, when T cells were activated by phorbol ester treatment or by in vitro culture, CD28 ligation was able to induce calcium mobilization in 60 to 70% of splenic T cells.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	CD28 antigen	Mus musculus	92-96
7776965-2	1995	Recently, we showed that human CG (hCG)- or phorbol ester- [phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)] stimulation of cells transfected with the LH/CG receptor induced rapid LH/CG receptor phosphorylation and a reduced cAMP response upon reexposure to hCG.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	248-251
7756615-4	1995	PKC was involved in the modulation of hippocampal glycine receptors, since the observed effect was more prominent when the phorbol ester PMA, an activator of PKC, was included in the patch pipette.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
7784464-6	1995	Although both phorbol esters and soluble diglycerides enhance subsequent fMLP or A23187-stimulated arachidonate release in human neutrophils, several lines of evidence indicate that the effects of oleoylacetylglycerol and 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol are protein kinase C-independent.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
7756615-4	1995	PKC was involved in the modulation of hippocampal glycine receptors, since the observed effect was more prominent when the phorbol ester PMA, an activator of PKC, was included in the patch pipette.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
7826370-0	1995	Proteolytic release of human angiotensin-converting enzyme expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells is enhanced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	29-58
7833348-0	1995	Regulation by phorbol esters of the glycine transporter (GLYT1) in glioblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	solute carrier family 6 member 9	Homo sapiens	57-62
7826370-3	1995	Concomitant with the enhanced release is a marked decrease in levels of membrane-bound ACE, down to 7% of resting levels in the case of phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	angiotensin-converting enzyme	Cricetulus griseus	87-90
7851400-5	1995	Despite a limited in vitro phorbol ester response, an apparent phorbol ester activation of PKC mu was observed when cell cultures, instead of immunoprecipitated enzyme, were treated with either phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or 1,2 dioleoyl-sn-glycerol.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	91-97
7836415-1	1995	A novel protein kinase (named PKD) with an NH2-terminal region containing two cysteine-rich motifs has been expressed in COS-7 cells and identified as a receptor for phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	protein kinase D1	Mus musculus	30-33
7814861-5	1995	IL-15 costimulates proliferation of B cells activated with immobilized anti-human IgM or phorbol ester, but has no stimulatory effect on resting B cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	interleukin 15	Homo sapiens	0-5
7832781-0	1995	Phorbol ester stimulates choline uptake in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts following introduction of the gene encoding protein kinase C alpha.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	109-131
7840215-7	1995	Desensitization of PKC by exposure of cells to phorbol esters decreased PKC activity in the membrane and cytosol fractions.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	19-22
7822278-0	1995	Thrombin, phorbol ester, and cAMP regulate thrombin receptor protein and mRNA expression by different pathways.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	43-51
7816824-0	1995	Identification, activity, and structural studies of peptides incorporating the phorbol ester-binding domain of protein kinase C. The family of homologous enzymes known as protein kinase C (PKC) has been the object of intense interest because of its crucial role in cellular signal transduction.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	189-192
7816824-6	1995	Like PKC itself, these peptides also recognize other PKC activators, including dioctanoylglycerol and teleocidin B-4, and exhibit an ability to differentiate phorbol ester from its C-4 epimer.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	5-8
7840215-7	1995	Desensitization of PKC by exposure of cells to phorbol esters decreased PKC activity in the membrane and cytosol fractions.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	72-75
7840215-8	1995	In cells pretreated for 3 h with phorbol esters, PKC activity was near minimum, and ATP-stimulated secretion was lowest (< 40% of that observed in untreated cells).	Phorbol Esters	33-47	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	49-52
8673471-0	1995	Expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	14-51
7528564-11	1995	SCF-treated cells were still able to respond to phorbol esters and to the activating beta 1 MoAb 8A2 with increased adherence, but not to the level seen in control cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	0-3
8673471-0	1995	Expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	53-58
8673471-0	1995	Expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	64-112
8673471-0	1995	Expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA upon stimulation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	114-120
8534863-4	1995	VEGF expression can be induced in various cell types by a number of stimuli including hypoxia, differentiation, growth factors and tumor promoters of the phorbol ester class, such as TPA.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	0-4
8573712-7	1995	Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with phorbol diester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA) also elicited PA generation (60% above control).	Phorbol Esters	35-50	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	90-93
8673624-6	1995	2) After a four day treatment of cells with an antiestrogen, the phorbol ester inducible expression of a chimeric AP-1 response was stimulated by a factor 3-4.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	114-118
7756107-0	1995	Rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of an 85,000 M(r) protein after phorbol ester stimulation of EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	92-95
7756107-4	1995	Both vanadate and okadaic acid blocked the phorbol ester-stimulated p85 tyrosine phosphorylation in the sensitive cell line, suggesting that a phosphatase activity downstream of PKC activation may be required for p85 tyrosine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	68-71
7756107-4	1995	Both vanadate and okadaic acid blocked the phorbol ester-stimulated p85 tyrosine phosphorylation in the sensitive cell line, suggesting that a phosphatase activity downstream of PKC activation may be required for p85 tyrosine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	extracellular matrix protein 1	Mus musculus	213-216
7703524-3	1995	In addition, treatment of satellite cell cultures with phorbol ester resulted in an induction of 92 kDa gelatinase (MMP-9) activity.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	116-121
8574146-1	1995	We find that purified CD4+ T cells from 30 HIV+ individuals have a suppressed Interleukin-4 (IL-4) production compared to normal controls regardless of activator (anti-CD3 or Con A) or co-activator [phorbol ester (PMA or anti-CD28)], generally by 2-4 fold.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	22-25
8581061-6	1995	We have explored the mechanism(s) of p18 mRNA downregulation in U937 promonocytic leukemia cells that are induced with phorbol esters to differentiate along a monocyte/macrophage pathway.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	H3 histone pseudogene 12	Homo sapiens	37-40
8575269-6	1995	Elastin expression is modulated by peptide growth factors, steroid hormones and phorbol esters, among which transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is an especially potent up-regulator, acting largely through stabilization of mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	elastin	Homo sapiens	0-7
7703524-5	1995	Northern blotting, however, revealed that there is detectable expression of mRNA transcripts encoding MMP-1 in satellite cell cultures, and that increased accumulation of MMP-1 mRNA transcripts occurs upon treatment of these cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
7703524-5	1995	Northern blotting, however, revealed that there is detectable expression of mRNA transcripts encoding MMP-1 in satellite cell cultures, and that increased accumulation of MMP-1 mRNA transcripts occurs upon treatment of these cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	171-176
7576948-8	1995	In addition, CD44 expression can be upmodulated parallel to differentiation or maturation as induced by retinoic acid, bromodeoxyuridine or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	13-17
8782428-0	1995	Promoting phorbol ester-TPA enhances migration of C3H 10T1/2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	24-27
7843222-6	1995	Expression of PKC epsilon was not completely depressed, however, even at the highest concentration of the phorbol ester after 48-h incubation with PMA.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	14-25
8930020-3	1995	Vascular endothelial growth factor is a potent angiogenic factor that is expressed at low levels by most normal cells, can be upregulated in normal cells by exposure to hypoxia or phorbol esters, and exhibits high levels of constitutive expression in some human tumors and tumor cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	180-194	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	0-34
7889145-12	1995	Furthermore, specific down-regulation of PKC by phorbol ester also inhibited H2O2-induced MARCKS phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	90-96
8867670-4	1995	Overexpression of PGHS1 strongly potentiated NF-kappa B activation by phorbol esters and dramatically elevated the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to low concentrations of t-butyl peroxide.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
7537746-10	1995	However, compared to angiotensin II stimulation, a smaller, delayed increase in paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was observed following direct protein kinase C activation by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	paxillin	Rattus norvegicus	80-88
7718516-7	1995	In the presence of phorbol esters and cross-linking anti-Ig antibodies, mAbs specific for CD52 induced proliferation and lymphokine production in highly purified resting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	CD52 molecule	Homo sapiens	90-94
8867670-4	1995	Overexpression of PGHS1 strongly potentiated NF-kappa B activation by phorbol esters and dramatically elevated the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to low concentrations of t-butyl peroxide.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	45-55
8832967-1	1995	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a gene expression can be induced primarily in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage by a variety of inducers, including lipopolysaccharides (LPS), phorbol esters, ultraviolet (UV) light, and viruses.	Phorbol Esters	178-192	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	0-29
7891226-5	1995	We found that A-CAM expression persists on the lateral surfaces of phorbol ester-treated cells even though these cells lose cell-cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	calmodulin 3	Homo sapiens	16-19
7798940-5	1995	We show that beta 2-ARs stimulate c-fos mRNA accumulation, increase AP1 binding activity, and stimulate transcription through the phorbol ester-responsive element (TGACTCA).	Phorbol Esters	130-143	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	13-19
8903945-6	1995	PKC stimulation by short-term treatment with phorbol ester had an opposite effect on MSH receptors as compared to CGP 41251.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
8903945-6	1995	PKC stimulation by short-term treatment with phorbol ester had an opposite effect on MSH receptors as compared to CGP 41251.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	85-88
7770008-5	1995	After 24 h the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol ester (PMA) increases the insulin binding to a similar degree as does the insulin imprinting itself.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	insulin	Homo sapiens	82-89
7475951-4	1995	PKC-alpha was mobilized to the membrane fraction by the phorbol ester, TPA, but not by the phosphoinositide-coupled agonists carbachol, methoxamine and substance P (SP).	Phorbol Esters	56-69	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
7803515-3	1994	We then used these methods to examine the effects of carbamylcholine, a cholinergic agonist that increases cellular calcium and diacylglycerol concentrations, and PMA, a phorbol ester that activates PKC, on the subcellular distribution of these isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	199-202
8552204-0	1995	Phorbol ester (TPA)-induced differential modulation of cell surface antigens in human pluripotential leukemia (K-562) cell line: effects of protein kinase inhibitors with broad- and PKC selective inhibitory activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	182-185
8552204-3	1995	These data suggest that phorbol ester-induced cell surface antigen modulations in K-562 cells are predominantly mediated by PKC-independent signalling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CD53 molecule	Homo sapiens	46-66
8552204-3	1995	These data suggest that phorbol ester-induced cell surface antigen modulations in K-562 cells are predominantly mediated by PKC-independent signalling pathways.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	124-127
7529505-4	1995	These findings imply that the aa sequence 92-140 is a structural determinant of PKC-alpha inactivation by calphostin C. This sequence contains one of the phorbol ester-binding sites (aa 102-144), which is highly conserved among most PKC isoforms including PKC-epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	80-89
7529505-4	1995	These findings imply that the aa sequence 92-140 is a structural determinant of PKC-alpha inactivation by calphostin C. This sequence contains one of the phorbol ester-binding sites (aa 102-144), which is highly conserved among most PKC isoforms including PKC-epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	80-83
7529505-4	1995	These findings imply that the aa sequence 92-140 is a structural determinant of PKC-alpha inactivation by calphostin C. This sequence contains one of the phorbol ester-binding sites (aa 102-144), which is highly conserved among most PKC isoforms including PKC-epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	protein kinase C epsilon	Bos taurus	256-267
7529505-5	1995	In addition to aa 92-140, PKC-stimulating cofactors (phosphatidylserine, phorbol ester, and Ca2+) are required for inactivation by calphostin C even in the case of PKC mutants that do not require these cofactors for enzymatic activity.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	26-29
8532709-10	1995	Like the phorbol esters, peroxides and hydroperoxides lead to a genetic reprogramming manifest by the induction of immediate early response genes such as c-jun and late response genes such as ornithine decarboxylase, suggesting convergence in the molecular signalling processes among different classes of promoters.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	steroid sulfatase	Homo sapiens	151-155
8532709-10	1995	Like the phorbol esters, peroxides and hydroperoxides lead to a genetic reprogramming manifest by the induction of immediate early response genes such as c-jun and late response genes such as ornithine decarboxylase, suggesting convergence in the molecular signalling processes among different classes of promoters.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	192-215
8532710-1	1995	The high affinity receptor of phorbol-ester and related tumor promoters is the isozyme family protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	30-43	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	94-110
8532710-1	1995	The high affinity receptor of phorbol-ester and related tumor promoters is the isozyme family protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	30-43	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	112-115
8532710-2	1995	Activation of PKC by the phorbol esters is a pivotal event in phorbol ester-mediated tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
8532710-2	1995	Activation of PKC by the phorbol esters is a pivotal event in phorbol ester-mediated tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
8532710-5	1995	By characterizing PKC isozyme expression in the cells and the induction of resistance by isozyme-selective PKC activators, we have obtained evidence that the induction of resistance is triggered by phorbol-ester activation of cPKC-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
8532710-5	1995	By characterizing PKC isozyme expression in the cells and the induction of resistance by isozyme-selective PKC activators, we have obtained evidence that the induction of resistance is triggered by phorbol-ester activation of cPKC-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	107-110
8606975-10	1995	There is regulation of PGHS-2 protein amounts by cytokines, phorbol esters and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	23-29
7806548-6	1994	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) could in itself induce c-fos expression, but pretreatment with TPA did not abolish the ability of norepinephrine to induce c-fos expression, indicating that TPA-sensitive protein kinase C was not a primary mediator in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	84-89
7799398-5	1994	These newly discovered, structurally diverse lead compounds are being used as the basis for further synthetic modifications aimed at more potent PK-C ligands that will compete with the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	185-199	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	145-149
7806548-6	1994	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) could in itself induce c-fos expression, but pretreatment with TPA did not abolish the ability of norepinephrine to induce c-fos expression, indicating that TPA-sensitive protein kinase C was not a primary mediator in this pathway.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	184-189
7989309-6	1994	In addition, by kinetically down-regulating TNF receptor expression with phorbol esters, cycloheximide, or trypsin, we determined that receptors were necessary for transduction of the TNF signal.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-47
7705199-4	1994	Phorbol esters stimulated the translocation of PKC-alpha, -beta, -gamma, -epsilon and -delta, but not PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	47-92
7705199-5	1994	These results suggest that (a) insulin and phorbol esters similarly stimulate the translocation of each PKC isoform except for PKC-zeta, and (b) the translocation of both nPKCs and cPKCs occurs during insulin and TPA actions in rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	104-107
7705199-5	1994	These results suggest that (a) insulin and phorbol esters similarly stimulate the translocation of each PKC isoform except for PKC-zeta, and (b) the translocation of both nPKCs and cPKCs occurs during insulin and TPA actions in rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	213-216
7891669-0	1994	Functional role of the cis-acting elements in human monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene in the regulation of its expression by phorbol ester in human glioblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	52-82
7891669-2	1994	The expression of MCP-1 gene can be induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), phorbol esters (TPA) and several cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
7989309-6	1994	In addition, by kinetically down-regulating TNF receptor expression with phorbol esters, cycloheximide, or trypsin, we determined that receptors were necessary for transduction of the TNF signal.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	184-187
7991557-6	1994	Since protein kinase C was highly activated in the undifferentiated cells and treatment of differentiated cells with a phorbol ester also induced quick and complete loss of SGLT1 mRNA (t1/2 = 1.5 h) but not of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase mRNA, protein kinase C activation appears to be involved in the dedifferentiation-induced decrease in SGLT1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	solute carrier family 5 member 1	Sus scrofa	173-178
7991557-6	1994	Since protein kinase C was highly activated in the undifferentiated cells and treatment of differentiated cells with a phorbol ester also induced quick and complete loss of SGLT1 mRNA (t1/2 = 1.5 h) but not of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase mRNA, protein kinase C activation appears to be involved in the dedifferentiation-induced decrease in SGLT1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme	Sus scrofa	210-238
7991557-6	1994	Since protein kinase C was highly activated in the undifferentiated cells and treatment of differentiated cells with a phorbol ester also induced quick and complete loss of SGLT1 mRNA (t1/2 = 1.5 h) but not of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase mRNA, protein kinase C activation appears to be involved in the dedifferentiation-induced decrease in SGLT1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	solute carrier family 5 member 1	Sus scrofa	341-346
7991557-7	1994	Although the phorbol ester-induced decrease in the SGLT1 mRNA level was blocked completely by inhibition of transcription, inhibitors of translation blocked the decrease in mRNA levels only partially.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	solute carrier family 5 member 1	Sus scrofa	51-56
7994760-0	1994	Apoptotic cell death induced by anti-IgM antibody and phorbol esters is inhibited by interleukin-4 in human B lymphoma cell line MBC-1.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	85-98
7992851-3	1994	Northern blot analysis confirmed the induction specificity of PP14 mRNA in phorbol ester-treated K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	62-66
7992851-4	1994	Potent immunosuppressive activity in conditioned medium from phorbol ester-treated K562 cells was attributed to hematopoietic PP14 by anti-PP14 antibody blocking.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	126-130
7992851-4	1994	Potent immunosuppressive activity in conditioned medium from phorbol ester-treated K562 cells was attributed to hematopoietic PP14 by anti-PP14 antibody blocking.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	139-143
7994760-0	1994	Apoptotic cell death induced by anti-IgM antibody and phorbol esters is inhibited by interleukin-4 in human B lymphoma cell line MBC-1.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	coiled-coil domain containing 112	Homo sapiens	129-134
7889302-13	1994	Down-regulation of protein kinase C -alpha and -delta isoenzymes by 4 h or 8 h treatment with phorbol ester partially inhibited ATP- and UTP-triggered mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	19-53
7889302-14	1994	Moreover, a 24 h treatment of mesangial cells with phorbol ester, a regimen that also causes depletion of protein kinase C-epsilon did not further reduce the level of mitogen-activated protein kinase stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	106-130
7954449-0	1994	c-fos promoter insensitivity to phorbol ester and possible role of protein kinase C in androgen-independent cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-5
7954449-3	1994	Transient expression of protein kinase C, through which phorbol esters activate c-fos, was sufficient to desensitize c-fos in androgen-dependent cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	80-85
7954449-3	1994	Transient expression of protein kinase C, through which phorbol esters activate c-fos, was sufficient to desensitize c-fos in androgen-dependent cells.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	117-122
7988438-3	1994	Phorbol esters stimulated the translocation of PKC alpha and PKC delta as well as PKC epsilon, but not PKC zeta.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	47-56
7720732-4	1994	U937 cells and other human myeloid leukemia cell lines (HL-60, THP-1) can be induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to differentiate along the monocytic pathway.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	63-68
7528138-0	1994	Distinct signaling pathways mediate phorbol-ester-induced and cytokine-induced inhibition of erythropoietin gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	93-107
7528138-1	1994	Hypoxia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) production in vitro is suppressed by interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	16-30
7528138-1	1994	Hypoxia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) production in vitro is suppressed by interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	144-158	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	32-35
7528138-5	1994	In phorbol-ester-treated cells first inhibitory effects on Epo mRNA levels were observed only after 3 h. Western blot analyses revealed the presence of four isoenzymes of PKC in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	59-62
7528138-5	1994	In phorbol-ester-treated cells first inhibitory effects on Epo mRNA levels were observed only after 3 h. Western blot analyses revealed the presence of four isoenzymes of PKC in HepG2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	3-16	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	171-174
7528138-7	1994	In contrast, phorbol esters translocated and, upon prolonged exposure, down-regulated PKC isoenzymes alpha and epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	86-89
7988438-4	1994	The effects of phorbol esters on 80-kDa MARCKS phosphorylation were approximately 4 times as strong as those of insulin.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	40-46
7988438-5	1994	Treatment of HIRC-B cells with phorbol esters for 20-24 h resulted in complete loss of immunoreactive PKC alpha and PKC delta in cytosol and membrane fractions, but substantial amounts of PKC epsilon were persistently translocated to the membrane fraction of down-regulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	102-111
7713192-0	1994	Effects of dexamethasone on cytokine and phorbol ester stimulated c-Fos and c-Jun DNA binding and gene expression in human lung.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	66-71
7525608-4	1994	Adherent neutrophils also tyrosine phosphorylated paxillin in response to phorbol ester, formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and opsonized bacteria.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	paxillin	Homo sapiens	50-58
7713192-0	1994	Effects of dexamethasone on cytokine and phorbol ester stimulated c-Fos and c-Jun DNA binding and gene expression in human lung.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	76-81
7713192-3	1994	AP-1 is a proinflammatory transcription factor composed of a heterodimer of Fos and Jun proto-oncogenes, which can be induced by phorbol esters and various cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-4
7713192-3	1994	AP-1 is a proinflammatory transcription factor composed of a heterodimer of Fos and Jun proto-oncogenes, which can be induced by phorbol esters and various cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	76-79
7713192-5	1994	The effect of dexamethasone on the phorbol ester and cytokine activation of AP-1 and its monomers was examined in human lung tissue obtained from transplantation donors.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	76-80
7713192-7	1994	The phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), caused a significant 2-3 fold increase in AP-1 DNA binding, which was sustained for 24 h and completely attenuated by co-incubation with dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	94-98
7861122-8	1994	In SCn-SCg cultures, phorbol ester activation of PKC increased both activity and protein levels of both PKC alpha and PKC beta.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	49-52
7861122-8	1994	In SCn-SCg cultures, phorbol ester activation of PKC increased both activity and protein levels of both PKC alpha and PKC beta.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	104-113
7861122-8	1994	In SCn-SCg cultures, phorbol ester activation of PKC increased both activity and protein levels of both PKC alpha and PKC beta.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	118-126
7703311-0	1994	Estrogen modulates the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA in phorbol ester-stimulated human monocytic THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	37-64
7703311-0	1994	Estrogen modulates the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA in phorbol ester-stimulated human monocytic THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	114-119
7526152-8	1994	The IFN-induced inhibition acted upstream of Raf-1 kinase and downstream of diacyl glycerol/phorbol ester, suggesting that protein kinase C (PKC) is the potential primary target.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	141-144
7534315-5	1994	Extracts prepared from alpha 1-chimaerin-expressing cells showed rac-1 GAP activity that was regulated by phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	chimerin 1	Mus musculus	23-40
7534315-5	1994	Extracts prepared from alpha 1-chimaerin-expressing cells showed rac-1 GAP activity that was regulated by phosphatidylserine and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	Rac family small GTPase 1	Mus musculus	65-70
7890813-0	1994	Tumor promoter phorbol ester reversibly modulates tyrosine dephosphorylation/inactivation of protein kinase FA/GSK-3 alpha in A431 cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	111-122
7527831-14	1994	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) also stimulated nitric oxide production by macrophages and endothelial cells from endotoxin-treated rats, although not as effectively as LPS and IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	207-216
7527845-11	1994	Interestingly, these phosphopeptides were also phosphorylated when neurons from inactive cultures were stimulated with phorbol esters, which activate protein kinase C. These results indicate that AMPA receptors containing the GluR1 subunit may be regulated by extracellular signals working through the cAMP second messenger system as well as by synaptic activity, possibly acting through protein kinase C. Such regulation by protein phosphorylation may be involved in short-term changes in synaptic efficacy thought to involve the functional modulation of AMPA receptors.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1	Homo sapiens	226-231
7964753-9	1994	Of these proteins, only MARCKS appears to be correlated with phorbol ester stimulation of phosphatidylcholine turnover in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	24-30
7528856-5	1994	Treatment of these cell lines with soluble CD27L, phorbol ester or staphylococcus aureus Cowan antigen resulted in the enhancement of cell surface CD30L protein expression.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	TNF superfamily member 8	Homo sapiens	147-152
7996872-4	1994	Hemin slightly increased the total hemoglobin production of the cells and phorbol diester (TPA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and sodium butyrate (SB) increased the expression of megakaryocytic markers (gpIIb/IIIa complex).	Phorbol Esters	74-89	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	200-205
7525616-13	1994	Moreover, activation of protein kinase C by the addition of phorbol esters increased the pHi in cells plated on cytotactin/tenascin or counteradhesive fusion proteins and reversed their effects.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	89-92
7525616-13	1994	Moreover, activation of protein kinase C by the addition of phorbol esters increased the pHi in cells plated on cytotactin/tenascin or counteradhesive fusion proteins and reversed their effects.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	tenascin C	Homo sapiens	112-122
7525616-13	1994	Moreover, activation of protein kinase C by the addition of phorbol esters increased the pHi in cells plated on cytotactin/tenascin or counteradhesive fusion proteins and reversed their effects.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	tenascin C	Homo sapiens	123-131
7969157-10	1994	By using this antibody in an immune complex protein kinase assay, we have shown that treatment of human fibroblasts with serum or phorbol esters activates a myelin basic protein and histone H1 kinase activity in immunoprecipitates.	Phorbol Esters	130-144	myelin basic protein	Homo sapiens	157-177
11550712-0	1994	Effect of interleukin 1, lipopolysaccharide and phorbol esters on phospholipase D activity in chondrocytes.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	66-81
7700510-4	1994	Differentiation of HCN-1 cells can be induced with nerve growth factor, dibutyryl cyclic AMP and isobutylmethylxanthine, while for HCN-2 cells nerve growth factor, isobutylmethylxanthine and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecaoylphorbol-13-acetate are most effective.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated potassium channel 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
7700510-4	1994	Differentiation of HCN-1 cells can be induced with nerve growth factor, dibutyryl cyclic AMP and isobutylmethylxanthine, while for HCN-2 cells nerve growth factor, isobutylmethylxanthine and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecaoylphorbol-13-acetate are most effective.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated potassium and sodium channel 2	Homo sapiens	131-136
7526398-1	1994	Studies presented here show that overall NF-kappa B signal transduction begins with a parallel series of stimuli-specific pathways through which cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha), oxidants (hydrogen peroxide and mitomycin C), and phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) individually initiate signaling.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	41-51
7886022-6	1994	Secretion of activin was responsive to phorbol ester-mediated stimulation but not to the presence of GnRH or elevated cAMP concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	inhibin subunit beta E	Homo sapiens	13-20
7961944-0	1994	The protein kinase C activator, phorbol ester, cooperates with the wild-type p53 species of Ras-transformed embryo fibroblasts growth arrest.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
7961944-3	1994	These results indicate that in clone 112 cells the growth suppressor activity of the wild-type p53 species is inactivated at 37 degrees C. We show that clone 112 cells grown at 37 degrees C elicits specific growth inhibition response to stimulation by the tumor promoter phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	271-284	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
7962003-7	1994	Furthermore, both tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C inhibitors blocked phorbol ester-mediated induction of collagenase, but only protein kinase C antagonists abrogated phorbol ester-mediated induction of c-fos mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	207-212
7999059-0	1994	Limb mesenchymal cells inhibited from undergoing cartilage differentiation by a tumor promoting phorbol ester maintain expression of the homeobox-containing gene Msx1 and fail to exhibit gap junctional communication.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	msh homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	162-166
7999059-2	1994	Here we report that limb mesenchymal cells inhibited from undergoing chondrogenesis by a tumor promoting phorbol ester exhibit deregulated expression of the homeobox-containing gene Msx1, a gene implicated in suppressing differentiation of limb mesenchymal cells, and fail to exhibit the extensive gap junctional intercellular communication that normally occurs at the onset of chondrogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	msh homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	182-186
7526863-0	1994	Phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C inhibits CNP-stimulated cyclic GMP production in the mouse AtT-20 pituitary tumour cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase	Mus musculus	54-57
7947749-3	1994	A novel bovine monocyte chemotactic protein (bo MCP) was produced on MDBK cells stimulated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	membrane cofactor protein	Bos taurus	48-51
7524735-4	1994	We observed specific L-selectin-mediated adherence of lymphocytes to KG1a: the binding was calcium-dependent, was strictly inhibited by anti-L-selectin antibodies and by carbohydrate ligands of L-selectin, and was abrogated by induction of L-selectin shedding from the lymphocyte membrane by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	307-321	selectin L	Homo sapiens	21-31
7525551-4	1994	Activation of the conductance by phorbol esters is defective in neutrophils of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients lacking the transmembrane cytochrome b subunits of the NADPH oxidase.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b	Homo sapiens	150-162
7525554-7	1994	Additionally, the 5HT transporter is differentially regulated by second messengers since direct activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters decreases 5HT uptake by decreasing Vmax.	Phorbol Esters	130-144	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	18-33
7963520-4	1994	Although induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinase by IL-6 in a differentiation-responsive B cell line, SKW 6.4, were below the limits of detection, the phorbol ester PMA did activate Raf-1, MEK-1, and MAP kinase without inducing the phosphorylation of gp130, JAKs, or p52shc.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	209-214
7963520-4	1994	Although induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinase by IL-6 in a differentiation-responsive B cell line, SKW 6.4, were below the limits of detection, the phorbol ester PMA did activate Raf-1, MEK-1, and MAP kinase without inducing the phosphorylation of gp130, JAKs, or p52shc.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	216-221
7963520-4	1994	Although induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinase by IL-6 in a differentiation-responsive B cell line, SKW 6.4, were below the limits of detection, the phorbol ester PMA did activate Raf-1, MEK-1, and MAP kinase without inducing the phosphorylation of gp130, JAKs, or p52shc.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	interleukin 6 cytokine family signal transducer	Homo sapiens	278-283
7981236-5	1994	On downregulation, the parallel loss of phorbol ester-stimulated arachidonic acid release and the alpha-isoform suggests a possible involvement of this isoform in phospholipase A2 activation in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	phospholipase A2	Cricetulus griseus	163-179
7877595-0	1994	Platelet-derived growth factor B-chain gene expression in mesangial cells: effect of phorbol ester on gene transcription and mRNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	0-38
7980459-3	1994	Anti-PS1327 antibody reacted well with native insulin receptor prepared from phorbol ester-treated transfected CHO.T cells, but showed little reaction with receptor from untreated cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	insulin receptor	Cricetulus griseus	46-62
7977638-10	1994	These in vivo findings were confirmed in culture, where normal human keratinocytes expressed few IL-1R at rest but large numbers of type II IL-1R after activation by phorbol ester or interferon-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	interleukin 1 receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	140-145
7703981-0	1994	Enhancement of phorbol ester-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by 2,6-dimethylphenylphthalimide.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	51-78
7980440-4	1994	In contrast, insulin and phorbol esters both stimulate transcription of gene 33 in the same H4IIE cells, with the same time course as seen for their inhibitory effect on PEPCK gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-175
7980440-5	1994	We now report that the protein phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, mimics the action of insulin and phorbol esters on expression of both gene 33 and PEPCK gene in H4IIE cells.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-145
7977694-6	1994	Thus ANG II can activate MAP kinase in cardiac fibroblasts by either Ca(2+)- or PKC-dependent pathways, and whereas the full effect of PDGF-BB on thymidine incorporation and cell proliferation requires a phorbol ester-sensitive PKC, the hyperplastic growth effect of ANG II does not.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	5-11
7980440-3	1994	Insulin and phorbol esters are dominant as they prevent cAMP- and glucocorticoid-stimulated PEPCK gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
7980440-4	1994	In contrast, insulin and phorbol esters both stimulate transcription of gene 33 in the same H4IIE cells, with the same time course as seen for their inhibitory effect on PEPCK gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-79
7980440-5	1994	We now report that the protein phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid, mimics the action of insulin and phorbol esters on expression of both gene 33 and PEPCK gene in H4IIE cells.	Phorbol Esters	101-115	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-155
8556526-1	1994	Peripheral blood monocytes exposed to bacterial products, phorbol esters, cyclic AMP, and cyclic AMP analogs express cell surface activation protein Mo3, which is the human urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPA-R).	Phorbol Esters	58-72	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	173-213
7848921-1	1994	A function for protein kinase C-zeta (PKC-zeta), a member of the phorbol ester nonresponsive atypical protein kinase C subfamily, in modulating differentiation was examined in the leukemic U937 cell.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	15-36
7848921-1	1994	A function for protein kinase C-zeta (PKC-zeta), a member of the phorbol ester nonresponsive atypical protein kinase C subfamily, in modulating differentiation was examined in the leukemic U937 cell.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	38-46
7848921-3	1994	PKC-zeta cells expressed a more differentiated phenotype as assessed by changes in morphology, surface antigen expression, and lysosomal enzyme activities and were distinct from parental U937 cells stimulated to differentiate by exposure to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	241-255	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	0-8
7848921-5	1994	Thus, PKC-zeta overexpression stimulates a type of phenotypic differentiation that differs significantly from maturation occurring upon activation of other PKC subfamilies induced by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	6-14
7848921-5	1994	Thus, PKC-zeta overexpression stimulates a type of phenotypic differentiation that differs significantly from maturation occurring upon activation of other PKC subfamilies induced by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	6-9
7931322-0	1994	Phorbol ester- and retinoic acid-induced regulation of the protein kinase C substrate MARCKS in immortalized hippocampal cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	86-92
7523507-3	1994	The serum response element (SRE) in the c-fos regulatory region participates in induction of transcription by various growth factors and by phorbol esters and subsequent squelching of transcription.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	40-45
7884809-10	1994	Preincubation of HUVECs with protein kinase C inhibitor peptide [19-36] antagonized the phorbol ester-mediated decrease in thrombin-stimulated 125I efflux.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	123-131
7963658-7	1994	Also, prolonged treatment of keratinocytes with phorbol esters abolished the suppression of ornithine decarboxylase activity by TPA.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	92-115
7931322-1	1994	The expression of MARCKS, a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate, was examined in the immortalized hippocampal cell line HN33, following differentiation using phorbol esters or retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	161-175	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	18-24
7963658-8	1994	Our data, therefore, suggest that phorbol esters suppress ornithine decarboxylase gene expression predominantly by decreasing ornithine decarboxylase mRNA translatability.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	58-81
7963658-0	1994	Post-transcriptional suppression of human ornithine decarboxylase gene expression by phorbol esters in human keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	42-65
7963658-1	1994	The induction of ornithine decarboxylase levels by the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mouse skin has been shown to be integral to tumor promotion by TPA, and changes in ornithine decarboxylase activity indicate the proliferative state of many different cell types.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	17-40
7963658-1	1994	The induction of ornithine decarboxylase levels by the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mouse skin has been shown to be integral to tumor promotion by TPA, and changes in ornithine decarboxylase activity indicate the proliferative state of many different cell types.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	199-222
7963658-8	1994	Our data, therefore, suggest that phorbol esters suppress ornithine decarboxylase gene expression predominantly by decreasing ornithine decarboxylase mRNA translatability.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	126-149
7931322-2	1994	In cells exposed to phorbol esters, MARCKS protein levels were reduced through an apparent PKC-dependent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	36-42
7671126-0	1994	Phorbol ester synergistically increases interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide synthesis in murine microglial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	40-56
7931620-6	1994	Incubation of cell line A172 with phorbol ester for 6 hours resulted in a 48-fold maximum increase in the nuclear PKC-epsilon and a sevenfold increase in the plasma membrane fraction with no change in the cytoplasmic fraction.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	114-125
7929360-5	1994	On the other hand, epidermal growth factor causes a prolonged activation of Raf-1 kinase and ERK activity and a smaller, more transient activation of JNK, whereas the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate causes a small stimulation of Raf-1 kinase and a pronounced stimulation of ERK activity.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	243-248
7878654-5	1994	Quantitative Western blot analysis of cellular lysates indicated that PECAM-1 expression could be upregulated in U937 and HL-60 cells by phorbol esters or dimethyl sulfoxide.	Phorbol Esters	137-151	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	70-77
7980519-0	1994	Biosynthesis and processing by phorbol ester of the cells surface-associated precursor form of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	95-133
7980519-3	1994	Phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted, within 30 minutes, in loss of cell surface 27 kDA HB-EGF, lack of interaction with anti-HB-EGF antibodies, accumulation of active 21 kDa HB-EGF in conditioned medium, and the acquisition of diphtheria toxin resistance.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	93-99
7980519-3	1994	Phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted, within 30 minutes, in loss of cell surface 27 kDA HB-EGF, lack of interaction with anti-HB-EGF antibodies, accumulation of active 21 kDa HB-EGF in conditioned medium, and the acquisition of diphtheria toxin resistance.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	131-137
7980519-3	1994	Phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted, within 30 minutes, in loss of cell surface 27 kDA HB-EGF, lack of interaction with anti-HB-EGF antibodies, accumulation of active 21 kDa HB-EGF in conditioned medium, and the acquisition of diphtheria toxin resistance.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	heparin binding EGF like growth factor	Homo sapiens	131-137
7929360-5	1994	On the other hand, epidermal growth factor causes a prolonged activation of Raf-1 kinase and ERK activity and a smaller, more transient activation of JNK, whereas the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate causes a small stimulation of Raf-1 kinase and a pronounced stimulation of ERK activity.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	288-291
7954791-6	1994	In 3T3 fibroblasts, the same LIM proteins prevent phorbol ester-induced inhibition of DNA replication.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	LIM homeobox 1	Drosophila melanogaster	29-32
7929309-4	1994	The close association of both Sp1 and AP1 sites within the proximal promoter region is consistent with the observation that the murine uPAR gene is inducible by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	161-175	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	38-41
7820693-3	1994	To evaluate this possibility, a phorbol ester, TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate), was used to activate a key enzyme, protein kinase C (PKC), of the PI pathway in ovariectomized (OVX) rats either primed or not primed with estrogen.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	127-143
7820693-3	1994	To evaluate this possibility, a phorbol ester, TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate), was used to activate a key enzyme, protein kinase C (PKC), of the PI pathway in ovariectomized (OVX) rats either primed or not primed with estrogen.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	145-148
7929309-4	1994	The close association of both Sp1 and AP1 sites within the proximal promoter region is consistent with the observation that the murine uPAR gene is inducible by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	161-175	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Mus musculus	135-139
7926038-1	1994	The modulation of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), phorbol ester (PMA) and amiloride was studied in three colon cancer cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	18-58
7523501-9	1994	When the cells were treated with both actinomycin D and phorbol ester after IFN-gamma stimulation, more NO was produced and more iNOS mRNA was expressed than in the cells treated with actinomycin D alone.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	76-85
7926038-1	1994	The modulation of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), phorbol ester (PMA) and amiloride was studied in three colon cancer cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor	Homo sapiens	60-64
7523496-5	1994	Cross-linking of CD7 or CD16 molecules with primary and secondary Abs, as well as stimulation of NK cells with phorbol ester (PMA) or with calcium ionophore A23187 also induced beta 1 integrin-mediated adhesion of these cells to fibronectin (FN)-coated plastic surfaces.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	177-192
7929343-0	1994	Phorbol ester stimulates phosphorylation on serine 1327 of the human insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	69-85
7929343-1	1994	Phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor on discrete serine and threonine residues in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	52-68
7929343-3	1994	In these studies, we demonstrate that phorbol ester treatment of intact COS-1 cells transiently expressing the human insulin receptor stimulates phosphorylation of serine 1327 within the carboxyl-terminal tail of the insulin receptor beta subunit.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	117-133
7929343-3	1994	In these studies, we demonstrate that phorbol ester treatment of intact COS-1 cells transiently expressing the human insulin receptor stimulates phosphorylation of serine 1327 within the carboxyl-terminal tail of the insulin receptor beta subunit.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	insulin	Homo sapiens	117-124
7523496-5	1994	Cross-linking of CD7 or CD16 molecules with primary and secondary Abs, as well as stimulation of NK cells with phorbol ester (PMA) or with calcium ionophore A23187 also induced beta 1 integrin-mediated adhesion of these cells to fibronectin (FN)-coated plastic surfaces.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	229-240
7523496-5	1994	Cross-linking of CD7 or CD16 molecules with primary and secondary Abs, as well as stimulation of NK cells with phorbol ester (PMA) or with calcium ionophore A23187 also induced beta 1 integrin-mediated adhesion of these cells to fibronectin (FN)-coated plastic surfaces.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	242-244
7523500-0	1994	Selective inhibitory effects of the anticoagulant activated protein C on the responses of human mononuclear phagocytes to LPS, IFN-gamma, or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	proline rich protein HaeIII subfamily 1	Homo sapiens	60-69
7523501-3	1994	When phorbol ester was used in combination with IFN-gamma, there was a marked cooperative induction of NO synthesis in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	48-57
7523501-5	1994	The optimal effect of phorbol ester was shown at 6 h after treatment with IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	74-83
7869420-12	1994	Induction or downmodulation of individual PKC isozymes by phorbol esters appears to depend on the differentiation state of OLG.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
7523501-9	1994	When the cells were treated with both actinomycin D and phorbol ester after IFN-gamma stimulation, more NO was produced and more iNOS mRNA was expressed than in the cells treated with actinomycin D alone.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	129-133
7523501-7	1994	Prolonged incubation of cells with phorbol ester, which down-regulates PKC activity, abolished the synergistic cooperative effect on NO production with IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	152-161
7526844-3	1994	Here we report that addition of the biologically active phorbol esters, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), dose-dependently inhibited the IL-1 beta-stimulated increase in iNOS mRNA levels and nitrite production.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	178-187
7526844-3	1994	Here we report that addition of the biologically active phorbol esters, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), dose-dependently inhibited the IL-1 beta-stimulated increase in iNOS mRNA levels and nitrite production.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	211-215
7945263-0	1994	Characterization of phorbol ester-stimulated serine phosphorylation of the human insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	81-97
7957168-11	1994	Translocation of 80-kDa MARCKS was also observed in Rat1 cells treated with phorbol ester, PDGF and beta-endothelin.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
7925997-3	1994	The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, Ro 31-8220, and intracellular Ca2+ chelator, BAPTA-AM, also inhibit thrombin-induced phosphorylation of JAK2, while the phorbol ester, phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), and Ca2+ ionophore, A23187, induce tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	106-114
7980409-7	1994	Phosphopeptide mapping of p105 showed that phorbol ester/phytohaemagglutinin stimulation may change p105 phosphorylation qualitatively.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
7980409-7	1994	Phosphopeptide mapping of p105 showed that phorbol ester/phytohaemagglutinin stimulation may change p105 phosphorylation qualitatively.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	100-104
7879702-4	1994	The phorbol ester, 4 beta-phorbol dibutyrate, stimulated the release of IL-1 from mouse macrophages but failed to induce an increase in cell-associated IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	72-76
7945244-1	1994	The role of endogenous prostaglandin production in phorbol diester-induced myocardial atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion was investigated in cultured spontaneously beating ventricular rat cardiomyocytes.	Phorbol Esters	51-66	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	86-112
7529614-10	1994	A synergistic effect on TNF-alpha production was also found with the enzymes and phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	81-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-33
7926375-0	1994	Interleukin-1 alpha mediates phorbol ester-induced inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	0-19
7925576-2	1994	The MAPK extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 (ERK2) is activated in response to phorbol esters which stimulate PKC, by transient expression of a constitutively active ras mutant by cell activation via the G protein-coupled type 1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (HM1R) or in response to triggering of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	50-54
7925438-8	1994	Both enzymes were stimulated by phospholipid and phorbol ester, and were active towards a PKC-derived substrate peptide corresponding to the pseudosubstrate site of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	90-93
7925576-2	1994	The MAPK extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 (ERK2) is activated in response to phorbol esters which stimulate PKC, by transient expression of a constitutively active ras mutant by cell activation via the G protein-coupled type 1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (HM1R) or in response to triggering of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	311-334
7852866-2	1994	Stimulation of the leukemic T cell line Jurkat with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the calcium ionophore ionomycin rapidly and transiently increased LDL receptor mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	178-190
7925576-2	1994	The MAPK extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 (ERK2) is activated in response to phorbol esters which stimulate PKC, by transient expression of a constitutively active ras mutant by cell activation via the G protein-coupled type 1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (HM1R) or in response to triggering of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR).	Phorbol Esters	84-98	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	336-339
7925576-4	1994	The data demonstrate that phorbol ester and HM1R regulation of ERK2 was prevented by the PKC inhibitor, but that the inhibitor had no effect on ERK2 activation induced by expression of a constitutively active ras mutant p21v-Ha-ras.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
7814800-7	1994	Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin-1 beta and phorbol ester induced interleukin-6 production and, at the same time, suppressed the level of interleukin-6 receptor mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	125-138
7814800-7	1994	Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin-1 beta and phorbol ester induced interleukin-6 production and, at the same time, suppressed the level of interleukin-6 receptor mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	interleukin 6 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	197-219
7931287-13	1994	Whereas PKC-alpha was activated and translocated from cytosol to membrane by phorbol esters, the zeta isozyme was not.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	8-17
7861699-5	1994	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol esters or diacyglycerol up-regulated mesangial MCP-1 message and bioactivity in a fashion similar to IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	95-100
7842139-2	1994	The human monocytic leukaemia cell line THP-1, when stimulated with phorbol ester, shares many properties with human monocyte-derived macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
7935389-1	1994	The cytoplasmic Raf-1 kinase is essential for mitogenic signalling by growth factors, which couple to tyrosine kinases, and by tumor-promoting phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	143-157	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	16-21
8083995-0	1994	Synergistic activation of simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription by retinoic acid and phorbol ester through an NF-kappa B-independent mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	156-166
7935389-1	1994	The cytoplasmic Raf-1 kinase is essential for mitogenic signalling by growth factors, which couple to tyrosine kinases, and by tumor-promoting phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	143-157	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	237-240
7826623-3	1994	We have previously shown that treatment of Jurkat T cells with phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and the phorbol ester, PMA, activated transcription initiation from the IL-3 gene.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	159-163
7929035-1	1994	In vitro decay of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA was examined on polysomes prepared from normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phorbol ester (TPA) and phytohemagglutinin for 14 h. GM-CSF mRNA decayed with a half-life of 90 min while 18 S rRNA was stable.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-74
8083217-12	1994	This regulation is specific for RA: when induced by phorbol ester, IL-1 beta gene expression is also superinduced by cycloheximide but that response is accompanied by enhanced mRNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	67-76
7929104-3	1994	Treatment of human resting T cells with phorbol esters strongly induced the expression of IL-2R alpha and the activation of NF.kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	90-101
7929104-3	1994	Treatment of human resting T cells with phorbol esters strongly induced the expression of IL-2R alpha and the activation of NF.kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	124-134
8089151-2	1994	Treatment of A7r5 cells with vasopressin, phorbol ester (PMA), or serum resulted in activation of two MAPKs, Erk-1 and Erk-2.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
8089151-2	1994	Treatment of A7r5 cells with vasopressin, phorbol ester (PMA), or serum resulted in activation of two MAPKs, Erk-1 and Erk-2.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	mitogen activated protein kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-124
8089153-9	1994	In two transformed cell lines, treatment with phorbol ester inhibits proliferation and results in a dramatic down-regulation in the levels of GMP synthetase mRNA and protein.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	guanine monophosphate synthase	Homo sapiens	142-156
8083194-5	1994	Expression of PGHS protein was regulated correspondingly; whereas PGHS-1 protein was constitutively expressed, PGHS-2 protein was virtually absent in unstimulated cells, but could increasingly be induced by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), 5-HT, or fetal calf serum.	Phorbol Esters	211-224	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	111-117
7945188-0	1994	Phorbol ester selectively stimulates the phospholipase D-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine in multidrug-resistant MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	41-56
8090206-6	1994	Multifunctional CaM kinase also attenuated interleukin-2 activation by calcineurin plus phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	43-56
8083528-9	1994	Monocytes or monocyte tumor cells produce MCP-1 and/or IL-8 in response to cytokines, virus, double stranded RNA, bacterial endotoxin, mitogen or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
8083528-9	1994	Monocytes or monocyte tumor cells produce MCP-1 and/or IL-8 in response to cytokines, virus, double stranded RNA, bacterial endotoxin, mitogen or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	55-59
8077240-2	1994	The wild type alpha 1BAR was rapidly phosphorylated upon exposure to the agonist epinephrine as well as to phorbol ester as assessed by immunoprecipitation of the receptor with antiserum raised against its amino-terminal portion.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Homo sapiens	14-24
8086478-1	1994	Transcription of the human gene encoding transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), which is a key regulator of cell growth and differentiation, is inducible by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-74
8086478-1	1994	Transcription of the human gene encoding transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), which is a key regulator of cell growth and differentiation, is inducible by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
7819131-4	1994	In the presence of cholesterol sulfate, phorbol ester only weakly enhanced the activity of nPKC eta.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C eta	Homo sapiens	91-99
8092261-5	1994	Both desensitization to U-46619 and loss of TxA2 binding sites could be attenuated by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors staurosporine, sphingosine, or H-7, and TxA2 receptor responsiveness was reduced in cells incubated with phorbol esters before stimulation with thromboxane agonists.	Phorbol Esters	229-243	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	90-106
8092261-5	1994	Both desensitization to U-46619 and loss of TxA2 binding sites could be attenuated by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors staurosporine, sphingosine, or H-7, and TxA2 receptor responsiveness was reduced in cells incubated with phorbol esters before stimulation with thromboxane agonists.	Phorbol Esters	229-243	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
8092274-4	1994	In addition, 8-azido-ATP and ATP inhibited binding of 125I-labeled fibrinogen to thrombin- and phorbol ester-activated platelets.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	67-77
7888303-5	1994	PKC activation by phorbol ester TPA increased the effect of EGF alone as well as the oxysterol potentiating effect, whereas PKC down-regulation strongly decreased both of these effects, showing that both are dependent on PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
8077290-1	1994	Preincubation of human neutrophils with phorbol esters or soluble diglycerides enhances subsequent f-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-stimulated arachidonate mobilization and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
7812673-0	1994	Phorbol ester-induced dermal inflammation in mice: evaluation of inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and antagonists of leukotriene B4 receptor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	79-93
7914906-7	1994	In addition to upregulation of LFA-1 expression, CTLL-Lck cells also exhibited more efficient exocytosis of cytotoxic granules upon activation with Ca(2+)-ionophore and phorbol ester, relative to control transfected and untransfected CTLL-2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	54-57
7806981-2	1994	In this report, direct binding studies at 4 degrees C demonstrate that human monocyte-macrophages (HMM) 1-6 days after isolation from blood and human THP-1 monocytic cells, before and up to 7 days after differentiation with phorbol ester, exhibit a high affinity (Kd 3-6 nM), saturable, specific, and apolipoprotein (apo) E-independent binding site for the uptake and degradation of certain triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLP).	Phorbol Esters	224-237	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	150-155
8063786-2	1994	Previous studies have demonstrated transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1)-mediated stimulation of expression and activation, and phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 (72-kDa type IV collagenase/gelatinase A), indicating a role for transmembrane signal transduction in MMP-2 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	174-206
8074672-1	1994	The purified preparation showed typical characteristics of the conventional type of mammalian PKC that responds to Ca2+, phosphatidylserine, and diacylglycerol or the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	94-97
8083760-6	1994	Treatment with either TGF alpha or its structural homolog, epidermal growth factor (EGF), increased TGF alpha mRNA levels within 8 hr of exposure; the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was similarly effective.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	22-31
8083760-6	1994	Treatment with either TGF alpha or its structural homolog, epidermal growth factor (EGF), increased TGF alpha mRNA levels within 8 hr of exposure; the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was similarly effective.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	59-82
8083760-6	1994	Treatment with either TGF alpha or its structural homolog, epidermal growth factor (EGF), increased TGF alpha mRNA levels within 8 hr of exposure; the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was similarly effective.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	84-87
8063786-2	1994	Previous studies have demonstrated transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1)-mediated stimulation of expression and activation, and phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 (72-kDa type IV collagenase/gelatinase A), indicating a role for transmembrane signal transduction in MMP-2 regulation.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	208-234
8093097-2	1994	One possible target of CsA action is protein kinase C (PKC) [EC 2.7.1.37] since phorbol esters activate this kinase.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	23-26
8078925-0	1994	Molecular cloning and characterization of protein kinase D: a target for diacylglycerol and phorbol esters with a distinctive catalytic domain.	Phorbol Esters	92-106	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	42-58
8093097-0	1994	Evidence that inhibition of phorbol ester-induced superoxide anion formation by cyclosporin A in phagocytes is not mediated by direct inhibition of protein kinase C. Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been reported to inhibit phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide anion (O2-) formation in human neutrophils and murine macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	181-184
8078925-1	1994	A serine/threonine protein kinase that binds phorbol esters and diacylglycerol (named protein kinase D, PKD) has been identified.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	86-102
8093097-5	1994	These data show that CsA inhibits phorbol ester-induced O2- formation in HL-60 cells but not other phorbol ester-mediated events and that inhibition by CsA of O2- formation cannot readily be attributed to direct PKC inhibition.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	21-24
8078925-1	1994	A serine/threonine protein kinase that binds phorbol esters and diacylglycerol (named protein kinase D, PKD) has been identified.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	104-107
7519471-5	1994	GM-CSF-stimulated upregulation of c-fos mRNA expression was not detected in immature cells but developed after 2 to 4 days with DMSO in line with a marked increase in responsiveness to stimulation with phorbol ester, showing that increased expression of c-fos is predominantly a feature of mature phagocytes.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
8078925-3	1994	A bacterially expressed N-terminal domain of PKD exhibited high-affinity phorbol ester binding activity (Kd = 35 nM).	Phorbol Esters	73-86	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	45-48
8078925-8	1994	PKD may be an unusual component in the transduction of diacylglycerol and phorbol ester signals.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	0-3
8063733-3	1994	Using a gel shift assay we found that formation of the ternary complex increased transiently within 2 min of insulin or phorbol ester treatment of several insulin-sensitive cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	insulin	Homo sapiens	155-162
8063733-5	1994	We also identified a novel SRF-containing multiprotein complex that forms on the SRE within 2 min following insulin, phorbol ester, or other growth factor treatment.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	serum response factor	Homo sapiens	27-30
8063737-7	1994	SLF, IL-3, and phorbol ester induced a decrease in the electrophoretic mobility of mSos1.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Mus musculus	83-88
7519471-5	1994	GM-CSF-stimulated upregulation of c-fos mRNA expression was not detected in immature cells but developed after 2 to 4 days with DMSO in line with a marked increase in responsiveness to stimulation with phorbol ester, showing that increased expression of c-fos is predominantly a feature of mature phagocytes.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	34-39
7519471-5	1994	GM-CSF-stimulated upregulation of c-fos mRNA expression was not detected in immature cells but developed after 2 to 4 days with DMSO in line with a marked increase in responsiveness to stimulation with phorbol ester, showing that increased expression of c-fos is predominantly a feature of mature phagocytes.	Phorbol Esters	202-215	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	254-259
7519845-2	1994	The glutathione-depleting agent diethyl maleate (DEM) prevented the development of differentiated features in response to phorbol esters, including adherence of the cells to plastic surfaces and repression of the myeloperoxidase and CD34 genes.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	213-228
8053680-0	1994	A mechanism for phorbol ester-mediated regulation of the PAF receptor in human neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	57-60
8053680-1	1994	Phorbol esters induce rapid downregulation of PAF receptors on human neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	46-49
8050593-4	1994	Following short stimulation (5 min) of PMN with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (1 microgram/ml), physical translocation of PKC zeta from the cytosol to the plasma membrane fraction occurred, although this isoform does not bind phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	228-242	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	124-132
8051125-0	1994	Phorbol ester-induced activation of a membrane-bound candidate pro-transforming growth factor-alpha processing enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protransforming growth factor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	67-99
8051069-8	1994	The secretion of albumin with the C-terminal region of CPE was stimulated by a phorbol ester and by forskolin, although the magnitude of the stimulation was smaller than the effect of these compounds on the secretion of CPE.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	carboxypeptidase E	Mus musculus	55-58
7916902-3	1994	Unlike receptor-mediated PLD activation, ketoepoxides were poor inhibitors of phorbol ester-induced PLD activity in granulocytes (IC50 = 43 microM for SCH 49210).	Phorbol Esters	78-91	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	100-103
7519845-2	1994	The glutathione-depleting agent diethyl maleate (DEM) prevented the development of differentiated features in response to phorbol esters, including adherence of the cells to plastic surfaces and repression of the myeloperoxidase and CD34 genes.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	CD34 molecule	Homo sapiens	233-237
7821548-0	1994	Phorbol esters, kainate and ischaemia influence protein kinase C alpha, delta and zeta in the rabbit retina, in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	48-70
7518388-3	1994	The agonist-induced expression of PRGs was mimicked by activation of protein kinase-C with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which acted additively with GnRH at low concentrations of both stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
7914491-4	1994	After stimulation by phorbol ester and ionomycin, newborn lymphocytes expressed markedly decreased amounts of CD40 ligand on their surface compared to normal adult lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	110-114
8039597-5	1994	Also, short-term incubation of ASMCs with the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, led to a reduction in peak [Ca2+]i response to all three agonists, whereas the inactive phorbol ester, 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, which does not activate PKC, had no such effect.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	263-266
8528357-0	1994	Effect of GnRH antagonists on phorbol ester-induced LH release from rat pituitary gonadotrophs.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	10-14
8040187-9	1994	Like insulin, phorbol esters transiently increased transcription of the gamma-actin gene.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	actin, gamma 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-83
8040187-10	1994	In addition, pretreatment of cells with phorbol esters for 24 h reduced the ability of insulin to induce gamma-actin transcription.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	actin, gamma 1	Rattus norvegicus	105-116
8035193-0	1994	Phorbol ester administration transiently increases aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity of the mouse striatum and midbrain.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	dopa decarboxylase	Mus musculus	51-86
8035193-4	1994	Chelerythrine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, prevented the phorbol ester-induced increase of AAAD.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	dopa decarboxylase	Mus musculus	93-97
7987254-1	1994	Whereas direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) increased the subsequent binding of 125I-labelled angiotensin II (125I-AII; 0.5 nM) to RIE-1 cells, ligand-mediated activation of the kinase via angiotensin II (AII), which activates the phosphoinositide (PI) pathway in these cells, had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	168-182
7981927-2	1994	It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	306-310
7981927-2	1994	It is known that in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the phorbol ester-induced generation of superoxide anion (respiratory burst) is effectively inhibited by STAR in a dose-dependent manner, whereas superoxide generation induced by chemoattractants, e.g. n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) or PAF, is regulated biphasically by STAR.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	315-318
8040337-8	1994	Although phorbol esters activated Raf, activation induced by FMLP appeared independent of protein kinase C, further suggesting that Gi2 was linked to Ras and Raf independent of phospholipase C and protein kinase C. Dibutyryl cAMP, which inhibits many neutrophil functional responses, blocked the activation of Raf by FMLP, suggesting that interruption of the Raf/MAP kinase pathway influences neutrophil responses to chemoattractants.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
7518388-5	1994	The protein kinase-C inhibitor staurosporine also attenuated agonist- and phorbol ester-induced PRG expression.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	proline rich protein BstNI subfamily 3	Homo sapiens	96-99
7518388-10	1994	However, high calcium concentrations suppressed high agonist- and phorbol ester-induced PRG expression.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	proline rich protein BstNI subfamily 3	Homo sapiens	88-91
8047842-3	1994	Our results demonstrate that tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100 stimulated by anti-CD3 is inhibited by cAMP both in the presence and absence of the phorbol ester PMA, and reflects the changes seen in IL2 mRNA expression and T-cell replication.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	GRB2 associated binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	57-62
7803858-3	1994	PKC-delta and -eta expression causes growth inhibition and vesiculation, and the magnitude of both of these effects is increased by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-18
7821705-0	1994	Glucocorticoid and phorbol ester effects in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts suggest multiple and previously undescribed mechanisms of glucocorticoid receptor-AP-1 interaction.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	145-149
8036019-1	1994	Growth factors, phorbol esters, and oncogenes such as ras, src, and sis are believed to stimulate c-Jun transcriptional activation by inducing increased phosphorylation at two serine residues (S63 and S73) within the N-terminal transactivation domain.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	59-62
8036019-1	1994	Growth factors, phorbol esters, and oncogenes such as ras, src, and sis are believed to stimulate c-Jun transcriptional activation by inducing increased phosphorylation at two serine residues (S63 and S73) within the N-terminal transactivation domain.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	98-103
8034695-10	1994	In contrast, activation of MEK-1 was induced by phorbol esters, and the stimulatory effect of fMLP was blocked by an antagonist of protein kinase C. Stimulation of MEK-1 was also blocked by concentrations of erbstatin that prevent the fMLP-induced accumulation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
7518459-1	1994	n-Chimaerin is a recently described phorbol ester receptor that shares homology in its N-terminal region with the cysteine-rich zinc finger domain of protein kinase C. We have expressed n-chimaerin in insect cells using the baculovirus system and have used the isolated, recombinant n-chimaerin to characterize phorbol ester binding and structure-activity relations, lipid requirements, and inhibitor sensitivity.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
7518459-1	1994	n-Chimaerin is a recently described phorbol ester receptor that shares homology in its N-terminal region with the cysteine-rich zinc finger domain of protein kinase C. We have expressed n-chimaerin in insect cells using the baculovirus system and have used the isolated, recombinant n-chimaerin to characterize phorbol ester binding and structure-activity relations, lipid requirements, and inhibitor sensitivity.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	186-197
7518459-1	1994	n-Chimaerin is a recently described phorbol ester receptor that shares homology in its N-terminal region with the cysteine-rich zinc finger domain of protein kinase C. We have expressed n-chimaerin in insect cells using the baculovirus system and have used the isolated, recombinant n-chimaerin to characterize phorbol ester binding and structure-activity relations, lipid requirements, and inhibitor sensitivity.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	283-294
7518459-4	1994	n-Chimaerin was likewise virtually indistinguishable from protein kinase C alpha in phorbol ester structure-activity relations, in phospholipid requirements, and in inhibition of binding by sphingosine and calphostin C, protein kinase C inhibitors acting on the regulatory domain.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
8034626-4	1994	Both the 17N and 63E mutants of Rap1A inhibited phorbol ester-stimulated O2-.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	32-37
8034695-10	1994	In contrast, activation of MEK-1 was induced by phorbol esters, and the stimulatory effect of fMLP was blocked by an antagonist of protein kinase C. Stimulation of MEK-1 was also blocked by concentrations of erbstatin that prevent the fMLP-induced accumulation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
8027030-6	1994	Primary myocardial cells were transfected with BNP/luciferase fusion genes; reporter expression was strongly induced by typical growth factors such as phorbol esters, serum, or alpha 1-adrenergic agonists, as well as by GATA-4 overexpression.	Phorbol Esters	151-165	natriuretic peptide B	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
8034051-3	1994	The up-regulation of m2- and m3-mAChR was blocked by phorbol ester pretreatment to inhibit ET-1-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and was preceded by an increase in c-fos mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
8034051-3	1994	The up-regulation of m2- and m3-mAChR was blocked by phorbol ester pretreatment to inhibit ET-1-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and was preceded by an increase in c-fos mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	170-175
8053934-3	1994	PKC is an isozyme family with ten members, eight of which are phorbol ester-responsive.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
8053934-4	1994	In this report, we show that thymeleatoxin (Tx), a daphnane tumor promoter that selectively activates the phorbol ester-responsive isozymes cPKC-alpha, -beta 1, -beta 2, and -gamma, was just as effective in inducing drug resistance in KM12L4a cells as phorbol dibutyrate, a potent activator of all phorbol ester-responsive PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	141-144
8053934-4	1994	In this report, we show that thymeleatoxin (Tx), a daphnane tumor promoter that selectively activates the phorbol ester-responsive isozymes cPKC-alpha, -beta 1, -beta 2, and -gamma, was just as effective in inducing drug resistance in KM12L4a cells as phorbol dibutyrate, a potent activator of all phorbol ester-responsive PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	298-311	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	141-144
7957635-9	1994	Dopamine D3 receptor-mediated mitogenesis was potentiated by a phorbol ester and was abolished by pretreatment with pertussis toxin.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	dopamine receptor D3	Mus musculus	0-20
8043027-7	1994	BK-evoked release of [3H]NA in cells not pre-treated with phorbol ester was only 23% dependent on extracellular calcium.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	0-2
8037686-1	1994	We have reported that the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) enhances the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) mRNA [Fujii and Taniguchi (1991) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	105-135
8034726-12	1994	Finally, the Thr642 mutant PKC beta 1 lacks enzymatic activity and, when expressed in NIH 3T3 cells, reduces phorbol ester-induced c-fos promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	131-136
8037686-1	1994	We have reported that the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) enhances the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) mRNA [Fujii and Taniguchi (1991) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	137-143
7968360-1	1994	We examined the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) produced by phorbol esters in Aplysia nervous tissue.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	30-46
7968360-1	1994	We examined the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) produced by phorbol esters in Aplysia nervous tissue.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	48-51
7968360-2	1994	Translocation of PKC in intact ganglia requires higher concentrations of phorbol esters than would be expected from: (1) their affinity for Aplysia PKCs measured in vitro; (2) their physiological effects on cultured Aplysia neurons; and (3) their actions on PKC in synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
7968360-2	1994	Translocation of PKC in intact ganglia requires higher concentrations of phorbol esters than would be expected from: (1) their affinity for Aplysia PKCs measured in vitro; (2) their physiological effects on cultured Aplysia neurons; and (3) their actions on PKC in synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	148-151
7968360-5	1994	We suggest that this might best be explained by the presence of a competitive inhibitor at the binding site for phorbol esters in PKC.	Phorbol Esters	112-126	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
8013074-2	1994	This agent selectively inhibits the transcription of tissue-type plasminogen activator and interstitial collagenase, probably by decreasing the binding of activator protein-1 (AP-1) to phorbol ester-responsive elements in the promoters of these genes.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	155-174
7947388-0	1994	Phorbol ester-induced apoptosis is accompanied by NGFI-A and c-fos activation in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	50-56
7947388-0	1994	Phorbol ester-induced apoptosis is accompanied by NGFI-A and c-fos activation in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	61-66
8013074-2	1994	This agent selectively inhibits the transcription of tissue-type plasminogen activator and interstitial collagenase, probably by decreasing the binding of activator protein-1 (AP-1) to phorbol ester-responsive elements in the promoters of these genes.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	176-180
8020589-5	1994	The use of the phorbol ester PMA, a protein kinase C activator, allows a bypass of the IL-2/IL-2R interaction in the suppression of apoptosis mediated by dexamethasone or IL-2 withdrawal in TS1 beta cells but not in TS1 alpha beta cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
7772252-2	1994	We have cloned and sequenced a third human TIMP (hTIMP-3) from phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 cells stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	43-47
7772252-2	1994	We have cloned and sequenced a third human TIMP (hTIMP-3) from phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 cells stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3	Homo sapiens	49-56
7913440-7	1994	Northern blot analysis indicated that treatment of the cells with both Bt2cAMP and the phorbol ester increased the intensity of several mRNA bands that hybridized with a cDNA probe for human PACAP precursor.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Homo sapiens	191-196
8020589-5	1994	The use of the phorbol ester PMA, a protein kinase C activator, allows a bypass of the IL-2/IL-2R interaction in the suppression of apoptosis mediated by dexamethasone or IL-2 withdrawal in TS1 beta cells but not in TS1 alpha beta cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	92-97
8020589-5	1994	The use of the phorbol ester PMA, a protein kinase C activator, allows a bypass of the IL-2/IL-2R interaction in the suppression of apoptosis mediated by dexamethasone or IL-2 withdrawal in TS1 beta cells but not in TS1 alpha beta cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	92-96
7947460-2	1994	We have previously reported that allergen-specific CD4+ Th2 T cell clones produce IFN-gamma, following activation by phorbol ester (TPA) and calcium ionophore, indicating that these cells still have the ability to produce IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	51-54
7947460-2	1994	We have previously reported that allergen-specific CD4+ Th2 T cell clones produce IFN-gamma, following activation by phorbol ester (TPA) and calcium ionophore, indicating that these cells still have the ability to produce IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	82-91
7516333-7	1994	Pretreatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) abrogated thrombin receptor [Ca2+]i signaling, and TRAP-induced Ca2+ entry was inhibited by the acute treatment with PMA.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	84-92
8014008-7	1994	Treatment of HCT 116 and GEO cells with a phorbol ester (TPA) resulted in a 4-fold increase in TGF-alpha in the conditioned media of both cell types.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	95-104
7974383-0	1994	Different regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 gene expression by phorbol ester and cAMP in human myeloid leukemia cell line PL-21.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	24-57
8031867-3	1994	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) caused an acute redistribution of PKC-alpha to the nucleus, but did not change the distribution of PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	97-106
7913712-0	1994	Modulation of secretory leukoprotease inhibitor gene expression in human bronchial epithelial cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor	Homo sapiens	14-47
8207228-0	1994	Transcriptional regulation of CD6 expression on human T lymphocytes by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	CD6 molecule	Homo sapiens	30-33
8207228-3	1994	Therefore, we performed experiments to determine whether activation of PKC by phorbol ester induced an increase in CD6 expression and to investigate the mechanisms of such an effect.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	CD6 molecule	Homo sapiens	115-118
8058058-0	1994	1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine activates serine/threonine protein kinases and c-jun gene expression in phorbol ester-resistant myeloid leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	81-86
8208545-0	1994	Phorbol esters support the proliferation of a hematopoietic cell line by upregulating c-jun expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	86-91
8208545-2	1994	Analysis of immediate-early gene expression revealed that FD/PMA cells contained elevated levels of c-jun transcripts when grown in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	12-27
8208545-2	1994	Analysis of immediate-early gene expression revealed that FD/PMA cells contained elevated levels of c-jun transcripts when grown in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	100-105
8031863-1	1994	Previously we have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation induced by phorbol ester in association with vanadate is essential for protein tyrosine phosphorylation and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	178-194
8031863-1	1994	Previously we have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation induced by phorbol ester in association with vanadate is essential for protein tyrosine phosphorylation and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	196-200
7516333-7	1994	Pretreatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) abrogated thrombin receptor [Ca2+]i signaling, and TRAP-induced Ca2+ entry was inhibited by the acute treatment with PMA.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	TRAP	Homo sapiens	125-129
7515882-0	1994	Stimulation of protein phosphatase-1 activity by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	49-63	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	15-36
8006026-7	1994	A soluble form of PECAM-1, which is 5-10 kDa smaller than cell-associated PECAM-1 and contains the cytoplasmic tail, was observed in the culture media of HUVECs and phorbol ester-treated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	18-25
7516337-5	1994	It was possible, however, to activate Raf-1, MEK-1, and p42MAPK in J.CaM1 cells during treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which activates protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	38-43
7516337-5	1994	It was possible, however, to activate Raf-1, MEK-1, and p42MAPK in J.CaM1 cells during treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which activates protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
7516337-5	1994	It was possible, however, to activate Raf-1, MEK-1, and p42MAPK in J.CaM1 cells during treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which activates protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	106-119	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	56-63
8018731-0	1994	Evaluation of the role of Ap1-like proteins in the enhanced apolipoprotein E gene transcription accompanying phorbol ester induced macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	26-29
8018731-6	1994	These data indicate that differentiation-related expression of the apolipoprotein E gene following phorbol ester stimulation is transduced by gene elements between -623 and -447.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	67-83
7970175-1	1994	Protein phosphorylation mediated by phorbol ester stimulates secretion of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) in the cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	78-108
8010954-9	1994	Northern-blot analysis reveals that steady-state levels of the chicken progelatinase mRNA are increased 5-fold upon malignant transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts with Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and 3-fold by treatment with the tumour-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	251-264	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	71-84
7517633-6	1994	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, also stimulated 36Cl efflux from CFTR oocytes.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	85-89
8207202-3	1994	Furthermore, the addition of exogenous TNF-alpha to T cells activated by imm.anti-CD3 or phorbol esters strongly stimulated all those activities.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	39-48
8205621-1	1994	T lymphocyte activation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production require at least two signals, generated by phorbol ester (TPA) and Ca2+ ionophore or costimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR) and the CD28 auxiliary receptor.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	28-41
8205621-1	1994	T lymphocyte activation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production require at least two signals, generated by phorbol ester (TPA) and Ca2+ ionophore or costimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR) and the CD28 auxiliary receptor.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
7521580-6	1994	After phorbol ester stimulation, monocytes transcribed ACE at levels comparable to U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	55-58
8204888-0	1994	Regulation of 92-kD gelatinase release in HL-60 leukemia cells: tumor necrosis factor-alpha as an autocrine stimulus for basal- and phorbol ester-induced secretion.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	64-91
7911467-0	1994	Inhibition of protein kinase C-alpha expression in human A549 cells by antisense oligonucleotides inhibits induction of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mRNA by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	120-153
7911467-0	1994	Inhibition of protein kinase C-alpha expression in human A549 cells by antisense oligonucleotides inhibits induction of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mRNA by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	155-161
7911467-6	1994	These oligonucleotides have been used to examine the role played by PKC-alpha in mediating the phorbol ester-induced changes in mRNA levels of the cell adhesion molecule ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	68-77
7911467-6	1994	These oligonucleotides have been used to examine the role played by PKC-alpha in mediating the phorbol ester-induced changes in mRNA levels of the cell adhesion molecule ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	170-176
7911467-7	1994	In A549 cells, ICAM-1 mRNA is increased 10-20-fold by treatment of cells with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	15-21
7522299-8	1994	Use of a reporter function, chloramphenicol acetyl transferase, controlled by 700 base pairs of the 5" flanking region of the NPY gene demonstrated that NGF and phorbol ester stimulated transcription of the NPY gene.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	126-129
8199172-4	1994	mRNA expression of LRP was induced during cell differentiation from human monocytes to macrophages or after incubation with phorbol ester (tetradecanoylphorbol acetate 100 ng/mL) in THP-1 cells, and the addition of 30 ng/mL macrophage colony-stimulating factor further enhanced LRP expression.	Phorbol Esters	124-137	LDL receptor related protein 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
8002931-6	1994	In both alpha T3 cells and GnRH-receptor-transfected Cos-1 cells, activation of protein kinase C by pretreatment with phorbol ester caused a 35-53% decrease in the IP response to GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	27-31
8002931-6	1994	In both alpha T3 cells and GnRH-receptor-transfected Cos-1 cells, activation of protein kinase C by pretreatment with phorbol ester caused a 35-53% decrease in the IP response to GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	179-183
7522299-8	1994	Use of a reporter function, chloramphenicol acetyl transferase, controlled by 700 base pairs of the 5" flanking region of the NPY gene demonstrated that NGF and phorbol ester stimulated transcription of the NPY gene.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	207-210
8079654-9	1994	Chronic treatment with phorbol ester prevented the desensitization of the PTH response by acute phorbol treatment but not the homologous desensitization.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
8193353-13	1994	Phorbol diesters, including 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), stabilize a variety of transiently expressed RNAs, including GM-CSF RNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	134-140
8020139-1	1994	To identify the cellular factors which are involved in tumor promotion, we isolated and cloned a Balb/c 3T3 variant (designated Balb/c 3T3 TR4) showing hypersensitivity to phorbol ester-induced neoplastic cell transformation; variant cells were 50- to 100-fold more sensitive to phorbol ester induced cell transformation than the parent Balb/c 3T3 A31-1-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	139-142
8020139-1	1994	To identify the cellular factors which are involved in tumor promotion, we isolated and cloned a Balb/c 3T3 variant (designated Balb/c 3T3 TR4) showing hypersensitivity to phorbol ester-induced neoplastic cell transformation; variant cells were 50- to 100-fold more sensitive to phorbol ester induced cell transformation than the parent Balb/c 3T3 A31-1-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	279-292	nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	139-142
8020139-2	1994	By using an anti-phosphotyrosine antibody, the variant TR4 cells were found to be deficient in the phorbol ester-induced tyrosine-phosphorylation of a cellular protein with a mol.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	55-58
8020139-5	1994	Biological and biochemical analyses using fusion cells revealed a good correlation between the deficiency in the tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein and their sensitivity to phorbol ester-induced cell transformation, suggesting that the deficiency in phorbol ester-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the 66 kDa protein may be involved in the determination of the sensitivity of TR4 variant cells to phorbol ester-mediated neoplastic cell transformation.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	384-387
8020139-5	1994	Biological and biochemical analyses using fusion cells revealed a good correlation between the deficiency in the tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein and their sensitivity to phorbol ester-induced cell transformation, suggesting that the deficiency in phorbol ester-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the 66 kDa protein may be involved in the determination of the sensitivity of TR4 variant cells to phorbol ester-mediated neoplastic cell transformation.	Phorbol Esters	256-269	nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	384-387
8020139-5	1994	Biological and biochemical analyses using fusion cells revealed a good correlation between the deficiency in the tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein and their sensitivity to phorbol ester-induced cell transformation, suggesting that the deficiency in phorbol ester-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the 66 kDa protein may be involved in the determination of the sensitivity of TR4 variant cells to phorbol ester-mediated neoplastic cell transformation.	Phorbol Esters	256-269	nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2	Mus musculus	384-387
8194473-6	1994	The effect of AII on AT1-R mRNA levels was fully reproduced by the combination of calcium ionophore (A23187) and phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate), suggesting that AII action was through protein kinase-C and possibly other Ca(2+)-sensitive protein kinases.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	14-17
8194473-6	1994	The effect of AII on AT1-R mRNA levels was fully reproduced by the combination of calcium ionophore (A23187) and phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate), suggesting that AII action was through protein kinase-C and possibly other Ca(2+)-sensitive protein kinases.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	angiotensin II receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
8187833-0	1994	Phorbol ester TPA rapidly prevents activation of p34cdc2 histone H1 kinase and concomitantly the transition from G2 phase to mitosis in synchronized HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	49-56
8206569-8	1994	The blunted desensitization of the alpha 1b-adrenergic receptor by protein kinase C activation was not associated with a decrease in protein kinase C activity in the hypertensive rats, because aortic strips from these animals were more responsive to phorbol ester activation than aortic strips from normotensive animals.	Phorbol Esters	250-263	adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Rattus norvegicus	35-63
8195229-0	1994	Feedback regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase activity of c-Raf-1 by insulin and phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	23-69
8195229-0	1994	Feedback regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase activity of c-Raf-1 by insulin and phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	TNF receptor associated factor 3	Homo sapiens	82-89
8206099-5	1994	However, when CD3/TcR-mediated triggering was combined with activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester, CD45RA+ cells responded strongly.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	18-21
7514630-3	1994	TN also inhibits proliferation driven by alpha CD3/IL-2 or by phorbol ester/IL-2, and it prevents high level induction of IL-2R.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	tenascin C	Homo sapiens	0-2
8189067-7	1994	Induction of MCP-1 and MCP-2 in human diploid fibroblasts and peripheral blood leukocytes as well as osteosarcoma, epidermal carcinoma, and melanoma cells by the cytokines IL-1 beta, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma and cytokine inducers such as dsRNA, virus, endotoxin, mitogen, and phorbol ester was studied.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	13-18
7930483-8	1994	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA was not induced by interferon-gamma, interleukin-1 beta or interleukin-6 (the latter two cytokines are also synthesized by Kupffer cells), but a 24-h prestimulation of liver macrophages with interferon-gamma or phorbol ester had a modest priming effect.	Phorbol Esters	244-257	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-27
8006458-0	1994	Cyclosporin A enhances cytokine and phorbol ester-induced fibroblast collagenase expression.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	58-80
8189067-7	1994	Induction of MCP-1 and MCP-2 in human diploid fibroblasts and peripheral blood leukocytes as well as osteosarcoma, epidermal carcinoma, and melanoma cells by the cytokines IL-1 beta, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma and cytokine inducers such as dsRNA, virus, endotoxin, mitogen, and phorbol ester was studied.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	C-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	23-28
8189216-0	1994	Regulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor mRNA in neuronal cultures of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rat brains by phorbol esters and forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	14-44
8189216-2	1994	Treatment of WKY rat brain cultures with a phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), causes a time- and dose-dependent increase in the levels of an approximately 2.3-kb AT1 receptor mRNA transcript.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	angiotensin II receptor, type 1a	Rattus norvegicus	181-184
7523206-2	1994	Forskolin, ionomycin and phorbol ester all caused an increase in GnRH secretion in GT1-3 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner during a short-term (1 h) static incubation.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	65-69
8065530-5	1994	It is feasible that CNP2 was predominantly phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine residues of the amino terminal peptide of CNP2, and this phosphorylation was catalyzed by protein kinase A. Phosphorylation of CNP1 and CNP2 increased 2-fold by incubating brain slices with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	20-24
8065530-5	1994	It is feasible that CNP2 was predominantly phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine residues of the amino terminal peptide of CNP2, and this phosphorylation was catalyzed by protein kinase A. Phosphorylation of CNP1 and CNP2 increased 2-fold by incubating brain slices with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	127-131
8065530-5	1994	It is feasible that CNP2 was predominantly phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine residues of the amino terminal peptide of CNP2, and this phosphorylation was catalyzed by protein kinase A. Phosphorylation of CNP1 and CNP2 increased 2-fold by incubating brain slices with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase	Homo sapiens	212-216
8065530-5	1994	It is feasible that CNP2 was predominantly phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine residues of the amino terminal peptide of CNP2, and this phosphorylation was catalyzed by protein kinase A. Phosphorylation of CNP1 and CNP2 increased 2-fold by incubating brain slices with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	275-288	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	127-131
8065530-6	1994	Forskolin and phorbol ester increased the phosphorylation of single, but distinct, CNP peptides.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase	Homo sapiens	83-86
8186261-3	1994	Administration of the phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) which markedly elevates ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), did not potentiate putrescine export over what was measured in the unstimulated cultures.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	103-126
8186261-3	1994	Administration of the phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) which markedly elevates ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), did not potentiate putrescine export over what was measured in the unstimulated cultures.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-131
7523864-0	1994	Identification of cis-elements mediating the stimulation of rat insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 promoter activity by dexamethasone, cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate, and phorbol esters, and inhibition by insulin.	Phorbol Esters	187-201	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-108
7523864-0	1994	Identification of cis-elements mediating the stimulation of rat insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 promoter activity by dexamethasone, cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate, and phorbol esters, and inhibition by insulin.	Phorbol Esters	187-201	insulin	Homo sapiens	64-71
7523864-3	1994	In rat H4-II-E hepatoma cells, IGFBP-1 messenger RNA is stimulated by dexamethasone, cAMP, and phorbol esters, and dominantly inhibited by insulin.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-38
8183567-0	1994	Identification of beta-actin sequences necessary for induction by phorbol esters and calcium ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	18-28
7514404-1	1994	Insulin, in the presence of phorbol esters, was observed to stimulate the tyrosine phosphorylation of a major 80 kDa protein by immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing the insulin receptor and protein kinase C alpha.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	0-7
8197135-1	1994	Diverse agents, including growth factors and phorbol esters, induce rapid transcriptional activation of a subset of immediate-early (IE) genes that include the protooncogenes c-fos and c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	175-180
8197135-1	1994	Diverse agents, including growth factors and phorbol esters, induce rapid transcriptional activation of a subset of immediate-early (IE) genes that include the protooncogenes c-fos and c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	185-190
8197173-0	1994	Phorbol ester-induced expression, phosphorylation, and translocation of protein-tyrosine-phosphatase 1C in HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens	72-103
8204096-1	1994	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters bind to and activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	16-30	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	52-68
8182089-13	1994	Finally, PKC1A and PKC1B mRNA levels are differentially regulated by phorbol esters in a process that may involve the participation of another PKC isoform that is analogous to mammalian PKC delta.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	9-12
8182089-13	1994	Finally, PKC1A and PKC1B mRNA levels are differentially regulated by phorbol esters in a process that may involve the participation of another PKC isoform that is analogous to mammalian PKC delta.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	186-195
8204096-1	1994	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters bind to and activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	16-30	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	70-73
8183900-2	1994	The total content of this protein increased 5- to 6-fold in phorbol ester-treated human monocytic THP-1 and U-937 cells and increased 13-fold in normal human blood monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	98-103
8176220-6	1994	A role for protein kinase C in the regulation of astrocyte LIF production was suggested by the findings that phorbol esters induced both LIF mRNA and protein and that the cytokine-induced LIF increase was partially antagonized by relatively selective inhibitors of protein kinase C such as H7 and staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	59-62
8176220-6	1994	A role for protein kinase C in the regulation of astrocyte LIF production was suggested by the findings that phorbol esters induced both LIF mRNA and protein and that the cytokine-induced LIF increase was partially antagonized by relatively selective inhibitors of protein kinase C such as H7 and staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	137-140
8176220-6	1994	A role for protein kinase C in the regulation of astrocyte LIF production was suggested by the findings that phorbol esters induced both LIF mRNA and protein and that the cytokine-induced LIF increase was partially antagonized by relatively selective inhibitors of protein kinase C such as H7 and staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	137-140
8168085-4	1994	The involvement of PKC in the radioprotective effect conferred by bFGF was suggested by the demonstration that nonspecific PKC activation by short-term exposure (30 min) to the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 30 ng/ml) mimicked the radioprotective effect of bFGF.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	fibroblast growth factor 2	Bos taurus	66-70
8198544-2	1994	This gene construct contains the entire upstream regulatory sequence of c-fos, and expression of the endogenous and fusion gene was shown by Northern analysis to correlate upon induction with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	196-209	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	72-77
8200063-1	1994	Although recent evidence suggests that granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays a role in cutaneous inflammation induced by topical exposure of phorbol ester tumor promoters to murine epidermis, there is little information available on the temporal sequence of gene expression of this cytokine over the time course of tumor promotion or about its function in this process.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	39-87
8200063-1	1994	Although recent evidence suggests that granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays a role in cutaneous inflammation induced by topical exposure of phorbol ester tumor promoters to murine epidermis, there is little information available on the temporal sequence of gene expression of this cytokine over the time course of tumor promotion or about its function in this process.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	89-95
8200066-0	1994	Retinoic acid and beta-carotene inhibit fibronectin synthesis and release by fibroblasts; antagonism to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	40-51
8187341-9	1994	IL-2 production by Graves" mononuclears was completely restored to normal by: (i) adherent cell depletion, irradiation or substitution with normal adherent cells; (ii) preincubation of mononuclears for 24-72 h before mitogen stimulation; (iii) the synergistic action of a phorbol ester and a calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	272-285	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
8069968-0	1994	(S)-form of alpha-methyl-N(alpha)-phthalimidoglutarimide, but not its (R)-form, enhanced phorbol ester-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by human leukemia cell HL-60: implication of optical resolution of thalidomidal effects.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	111-138
7948767-0	1994	Platelet-activating factor antagonists suppress the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide induced by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester in rat liver macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
8055833-0	1994	Phorbol ester inhibits DNA synthesis induced by interleukin-6 in TSH-pretreated FRTL-5 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	48-61
7948767-0	1994	Platelet-activating factor antagonists suppress the generation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and superoxide induced by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester in rat liver macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	66-93
7961586-1	1994	Based on the finding by others that the conserved region C1 of conventional protein kinase C isoforms carries two independent, cysteine-rich phorbol ester binding sites, we have mapped the structural elements of the C1 region for their role in the phorbol ester- and phospholipid regulation of PKC alpha responses.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	294-303
7961586-1	1994	Based on the finding by others that the conserved region C1 of conventional protein kinase C isoforms carries two independent, cysteine-rich phorbol ester binding sites, we have mapped the structural elements of the C1 region for their role in the phorbol ester- and phospholipid regulation of PKC alpha responses.	Phorbol Esters	248-261	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	294-303
7961586-6	1994	Our findings indicate that after partial PKC activation by deletion mutagenesis, the presence of either Cys-repeat in C1 still allows phospholipid- and phorbol ester regulation of protein kinase C alpha responses.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	180-202
8157958-5	1994	The phorbol ester, PMA, was also a potent inducer of Fos kinase activity in all of the above populations, suggesting that PKC plays a role in the regulation of this enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	53-56
8157959-4	1994	Instead, both phorbol ester and calcium ionophore inhibited the anti-TCR mAb-stimulated adhesion to class I. Inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases also block TCR-activated, CD8-dependent adhesion to class I, and concomitantly block inositol phosphate release, Ca2+ mobilization and degranulation.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	174-177
8158122-2	1994	In B cells and macrophages it is constitutively present in cell nuclei, whereas in many other cell types, NF-kappa B translocates from cytosol to nucleus as a result of transduction by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), phorbol ester, and other polyclonal signals.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	106-116
8057394-1	1994	Phorbol esters (PDBu) stimulate alpha-secretase cleavage and secretion of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	88-113
8158122-2	1994	In B cells and macrophages it is constitutively present in cell nuclei, whereas in many other cell types, NF-kappa B translocates from cytosol to nucleus as a result of transduction by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), phorbol ester, and other polyclonal signals.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	214-223
8158122-6	1994	However, reagents such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which induce phenotypical differentiation of the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, activated NF-kappa B, but only in that particular cell line.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	205-215
8058457-10	1994	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters inhibited PTH and AVP responses and 8-BrcAMP-induced [Ca2+]i transients.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	67-70
8182471-9	1994	However, chronic treatment of myotubes with phorbol esters that eliminated any subsequent phorbol ester-stimulated nAChR phosphorylation did not diminish the increase in nAChR phosphorylation induced by carbamylcholine.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 1 subunit	Rattus norvegicus	115-120
8182471-9	1994	However, chronic treatment of myotubes with phorbol esters that eliminated any subsequent phorbol ester-stimulated nAChR phosphorylation did not diminish the increase in nAChR phosphorylation induced by carbamylcholine.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 1 subunit	Rattus norvegicus	115-120
8058205-0	1994	Phorbol ester-induced inhibition of GABA uptake by synaptosomes and by Xenopus oocytes expressing GABA transporter (GAT1).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter), member 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	116-120
8179594-1	1994	The transcription factor AP-1 is an important human mediator of the cellular response to serum, growth factors, and phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13 acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	116-130	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	25-29
8161510-10	1994	The increase in A beta was cAMP-independent, and it was not mediated by a protein kinase C-dependent pathway, as treatment with phorbol esters decreased A beta levels.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	16-22
8161510-10	1994	The increase in A beta was cAMP-independent, and it was not mediated by a protein kinase C-dependent pathway, as treatment with phorbol esters decreased A beta levels.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	153-159
7519562-9	1994	The observations that (a) staurosporine completely abolished the effects of aFGF on ANP gene expression and release and (b) ANP secretory and gene expression inducing effects of phorbol ester were not augmented by aFGF, suggest an important role of protein kinase C in mediating aFGF-induced ANP gene expression and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
8181516-3	1994	We have assayed the ability of a panel of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors to interfere with activation of the NF-AT transcription factor by TcR ligation or treatment with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore which bypass many of the early events of TcR signal transduction.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	67-70
8152801-0	1994	Induction of the c-ski proto-oncogene by phorbol ester correlates with induction of megakaryocyte differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	SKI proto-oncogene	Gallus gallus	17-22
7909604-4	1994	After T-cell stimulation with a phorbol ester, the force contributed by LFA-1 was drastically increased, while that of CD2 was unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	72-77
7909604-4	1994	After T-cell stimulation with a phorbol ester, the force contributed by LFA-1 was drastically increased, while that of CD2 was unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	119-122
8017762-3	1994	PGH synthase-1 is present in platelets and endothelial cells whereas PGH synthase-2 has been detected in endothelial cells treated with cytokines and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	150-164	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	69-83
7512570-7	1994	A protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and a membrane-permeable diacylglycerol, 1,2-dioctanoyl-glycerol, similarly inhibited the IL-1 beta-induced nitrite production and iNOS mRNA and protein expression, although repetitive additions were needed in the case of diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	168-177
7512570-7	1994	A protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and a membrane-permeable diacylglycerol, 1,2-dioctanoyl-glycerol, similarly inhibited the IL-1 beta-induced nitrite production and iNOS mRNA and protein expression, although repetitive additions were needed in the case of diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	209-213
7519562-9	1994	The observations that (a) staurosporine completely abolished the effects of aFGF on ANP gene expression and release and (b) ANP secretory and gene expression inducing effects of phorbol ester were not augmented by aFGF, suggest an important role of protein kinase C in mediating aFGF-induced ANP gene expression and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
8058478-5	1994	The effects of both the phorbol ester and cholera toxin were inhibited by staurosporine, thus indicating that either direct or indirect (via G protein) activation of PKC accounts for the decrease of GCl.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	germ cell-less 1, spermatogenesis associated	Rattus norvegicus	199-202
8144636-0	1994	Protein kinase C alpha mediates phospholipase D activation by nucleotides and phorbol ester in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	protein kinase C alpha	Canis lupus familiaris	0-22
8157646-3	1994	The delta domain peptide inhibited the activation of the c-Jun amino-terminal protein kinase by phorbol esters in permeabilized U937 leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	96-110	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	57-62
8143871-8	1994	A similar decrease in PDGF-alpha receptors was also demonstrated in parental Swiss/3T3 cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	platelet derived growth factor, alpha	Mus musculus	22-32
8157692-2	1994	The phorbol ester binding domain consists of a cysteine-rich region with a postulated consensus sequence for binding that includes 15 amino acids (Ahmed, S., Kozma, R., Lee, J., Monfries, C., Harden, N., and Lim, L. (1991) Biochem.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	PDZ and LIM domain 5	Homo sapiens	208-211
8157692-5	1994	In PKC zeta, the only PKC isoform lacking phorbol ester binding, this region differs in a single residue from the consensus (proline in position 11 of the motif).	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	3-11
8157692-5	1994	In PKC zeta, the only PKC isoform lacking phorbol ester binding, this region differs in a single residue from the consensus (proline in position 11 of the motif).	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	3-6
7512728-4	1994	Pretreatment of cells with low concentrations of phorbol ester increased the activation-independent phosphorylation of proteins in CD28 immune complexes.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	131-135
8144636-7	1994	Treatment of cells with chelerythrine, an inhibitor of PKC, and phorbol ester down-regulation of PKC inhibited [3H]PEt production by both PMA and nucleotides.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	protein kinase C alpha	Canis lupus familiaris	97-100
8053546-5	1994	Phorbol ester and vasopressin increased PLD activity in intact A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells, as measured by an isotopic labeling method.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	40-43
8179019-8	1994	PKC did appear to play an important role in this induction, however, since LIF was induced by PMA and cytokine induction of LIF production was markedly diminished by chronic phorbol ester preincubation, staurosporine, and H-7, but not by HA1004.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	75-78
8179019-8	1994	PKC did appear to play an important role in this induction, however, since LIF was induced by PMA and cytokine induction of LIF production was markedly diminished by chronic phorbol ester preincubation, staurosporine, and H-7, but not by HA1004.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	124-127
8053546-6	1994	Using the in vitro fluorescent assay, enhanced PLD activity was detected in membranes prepared from A7r5 cells that had been treated with phorbol ester or vasopressin.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	47-50
8149496-6	1994	On the other hand, activation of PKC by phorbol ester treatment in vivo was only possible in carcinoma cells (4/4) and a subset of adenomas (3/7).	Phorbol Esters	40-53	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	33-36
7908232-2	1994	Phorbol diesters were observed to be potent stimulators of NKSF/IL-12 production from the B-cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-16	interleukin 12B	Homo sapiens	59-63
8032603-13	1994	Both ET-1 and ET-3 (in the presence of phosphoramidon)-evoked contractions were significantly enhanced by the presence of the phorbol ester phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (10(-8) M).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	5-18
8054689-8	1994	Identified targets for phorbol esters are protein kinase C (PKC) and the mitogen-activated kinases (MAPKs), also called extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs).	Phorbol Esters	23-37	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	42-58
8143789-0	1994	Combinatorial action of cAMP and phorbol ester on synergistic expression of the human activin A gene.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	inhibin subunit beta E	Homo sapiens	86-93
7510781-0	1994	Effects of ion channel blockers and phorbol ester treatments on [3H]dopamine release and neurotensin facilitation of [3H]dopamine release from rat mesencephalic cells in primary culture.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	neurotensin	Rattus norvegicus	89-100
8043518-1	1994	Previous studies have shown that phorbol ester induced macrophage differentiation in the leukemic cell line U-937 is tightly linked to the expression of the c-jun protooncogene and the generation of AP-1 transcriptional activity.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	157-162
8043518-1	1994	Previous studies have shown that phorbol ester induced macrophage differentiation in the leukemic cell line U-937 is tightly linked to the expression of the c-jun protooncogene and the generation of AP-1 transcriptional activity.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	199-203
8163551-6	1994	In addition, T lymphocyte activation-related signals and phorbol ester treatment, both of which lead to PKC activation, cause a rapid translocation of ankyrin, together with spectrin and PKC beta, to a single Triton X-100-insoluble aggregate in the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	104-107
8163551-6	1994	In addition, T lymphocyte activation-related signals and phorbol ester treatment, both of which lead to PKC activation, cause a rapid translocation of ankyrin, together with spectrin and PKC beta, to a single Triton X-100-insoluble aggregate in the cytoplasm.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	187-195
8169821-0	1994	A novel phospholipase C inhibitor and phorbol esters reveal selective regulation of thrombin- and parathyroid hormone-stimulated signaling pathways in rat osteosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	coagulation factor II	Rattus norvegicus	84-92
8169821-0	1994	A novel phospholipase C inhibitor and phorbol esters reveal selective regulation of thrombin- and parathyroid hormone-stimulated signaling pathways in rat osteosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	98-117
7519509-10	1994	The relative numbers of both CD18+ as well as CD2+ cells showed a positive correlation with phorbol ester induced cell aggregation in B-MLUS patients (p < 0.05).	Phorbol Esters	92-105	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
8054689-8	1994	Identified targets for phorbol esters are protein kinase C (PKC) and the mitogen-activated kinases (MAPKs), also called extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs).	Phorbol Esters	23-37	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	60-63
8054689-8	1994	Identified targets for phorbol esters are protein kinase C (PKC) and the mitogen-activated kinases (MAPKs), also called extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs).	Phorbol Esters	23-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
7914348-4	1994	We find that activation of the second messenger pathway leading from protein kinase C to the transcription factor AP-1 by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) impairs induction of the TAT gene both by glucocorticoid hormones and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	114-118
7914348-4	1994	We find that activation of the second messenger pathway leading from protein kinase C to the transcription factor AP-1 by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) impairs induction of the TAT gene both by glucocorticoid hormones and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	tyrosine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	209-212
7914348-0	1994	Cross-talk modulation of signal transduction pathways: two mechanisms are involved in the control of tyrosine aminotransferase gene expression by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	tyrosine aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	101-131
8139548-9	1994	The phorbol ester-induced membrane ruffling was morphologically similar to the rhoA p21-induced kind and inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI or C3.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	84-87
8139548-9	1994	The phorbol ester-induced membrane ruffling was morphologically similar to the rhoA p21-induced kind and inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI or C3.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	136-143
8139548-10	1994	These results indicate that rac p21 and rho GDI are involved in insulin-induced membrane ruffling and that rho p21 and rho GDI are involved in HGF- and phorbol ester-induced membrane rufflings.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	111-114
8139548-10	1994	These results indicate that rac p21 and rho GDI are involved in insulin-induced membrane ruffling and that rho p21 and rho GDI are involved in HGF- and phorbol ester-induced membrane rufflings.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	119-126
8135786-0	1994	Enhancement of phorbol ester-induced production of tumor necrosis factor alpha by thalidomide.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	51-78
8146596-3	1994	In combination with submitogenic concentrations of phorbol esters (PMA); LD6 MoAb was able to induce accumulation of mRNA specific for GM-CSF, gamma-IFN and TNF-alpha and release of these cytokines by LD6+ T-cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	135-141
8146596-3	1994	In combination with submitogenic concentrations of phorbol esters (PMA); LD6 MoAb was able to induce accumulation of mRNA specific for GM-CSF, gamma-IFN and TNF-alpha and release of these cytokines by LD6+ T-cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	157-166
8132674-8	1994	Like TIMP-1, TIMP-3 was highly inducible in mouse C3H 10T1/2 fibroblasts by phorbol ester (PMA), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and transforming growth factor-beta 1, but nuclear run-on assays showed that the on/off transcription kinetics were faster for TIMP-3 than TIMP-1.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3	Mus musculus	13-19
8120027-4	1994	The Raf-hsp90-p50 complex was observed in starved cells and in cells activated with serum or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	4-7
8125950-8	1994	The activation of MAP kinase by these stimuli can be further distinguished by differential requirements for Ca2+ and protein kinase C. These results suggest that Raf is required for the activation of MAP kinase by IGF-I and calcium, whereas EGF and possibly phorbol esters may employ alternative Raf-independent pathways for MAP kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	258-272	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	296-299
8144884-6	1994	In contrast, cross-linked anti-CD3 or the combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin were found to activate p21ras equally in both T cell subsets.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	108-111
8125950-0	1994	Differential Raf requirement for activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by growth factors, phorbol esters, and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	99-113	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
8125950-3	1994	Using a Balb/c-derived cell line expressing a dominant-negative mutant of Raf, we determined whether Raf is required for the activation of MAP kinase by growth factors, phorbol esters, and calcium.	Phorbol Esters	169-183	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
8125950-8	1994	The activation of MAP kinase by these stimuli can be further distinguished by differential requirements for Ca2+ and protein kinase C. These results suggest that Raf is required for the activation of MAP kinase by IGF-I and calcium, whereas EGF and possibly phorbol esters may employ alternative Raf-independent pathways for MAP kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	258-272	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	162-165
8125950-8	1994	The activation of MAP kinase by these stimuli can be further distinguished by differential requirements for Ca2+ and protein kinase C. These results suggest that Raf is required for the activation of MAP kinase by IGF-I and calcium, whereas EGF and possibly phorbol esters may employ alternative Raf-independent pathways for MAP kinase activation.	Phorbol Esters	258-272	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	214-219
8120027-4	1994	The Raf-hsp90-p50 complex was observed in starved cells and in cells activated with serum or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	8-13
8120027-4	1994	The Raf-hsp90-p50 complex was observed in starved cells and in cells activated with serum or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
7913345-3	1994	The inhibitory action of IL-4 was observed on both unstimulated NK cells as well as on cells concomitantly activated with IL-2 or with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	25-29
8135745-7	1994	In addition to a TATA box and a sequence motif matching the phorbol-ester-responsive element, the promoters of Gst p-1 and Gst p-2 exhibit one and two G+C boxes (GGGCGG) respectively.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	glutathione S-transferase, pi 1	Mus musculus	111-118
8135745-7	1994	In addition to a TATA box and a sequence motif matching the phorbol-ester-responsive element, the promoters of Gst p-1 and Gst p-2 exhibit one and two G+C boxes (GGGCGG) respectively.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	glutathione S-transferase, pi 2	Mus musculus	123-130
8135755-3	1994	A role for PKC in Ang II-induced 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha formation and ANP secretion was apparent, insofar as both responses were suppressed in the presence of the PKC inhibitors staurosporine (1 microM) and CGP 41251 (1 microM), as well as in cells in which PKC had been previously down-regulated by pretreatment with phorbol diester.	Phorbol Esters	312-327	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
8018565-0	1994	Tumor-promoting phorbol ester transiently down-modulates the p53 level and blocks the cell cycle.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	61-64
8018565-1	1994	Activation of the protein kinase C signaling pathway by tumor-promoting phorbol esters, such as 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), induced a decrease in the level of p53 mRNA in several serum-starved human cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	72-86	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	177-180
8118885-13	1994	We observed that phorbol ester stimulation of PR30-3 induces the expression of the early response gene c-fos, previously shown to be PKC dependent in this cell line.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	103-108
21566954-3	1994	During phorbol ester induced differentiation of HL60 cells, ETS2, PEA3, as well as GABPalpha and GABPbeta mRNAs are coordinately induced.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	ETS proto-oncogene 2, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	60-64
7908888-13	1994	In contrast, PKC activator, phorbol ester (TPA), caused stronger microtubular assembling in HL-60/ADR, and increased the expression of microtubules to 134%.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
21566954-3	1994	During phorbol ester induced differentiation of HL60 cells, ETS2, PEA3, as well as GABPalpha and GABPbeta mRNAs are coordinately induced.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	ETS variant transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	66-70
21566954-3	1994	During phorbol ester induced differentiation of HL60 cells, ETS2, PEA3, as well as GABPalpha and GABPbeta mRNAs are coordinately induced.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	GA binding protein transcription factor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	83-92
21566954-3	1994	During phorbol ester induced differentiation of HL60 cells, ETS2, PEA3, as well as GABPalpha and GABPbeta mRNAs are coordinately induced.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	GA binding protein transcription factor subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	97-105
7510294-0	1994	Stimulatory effect of a phorbol ester on expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-2 and level of IGF-I receptors in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2	Mus musculus	55-105
7510294-0	1994	Stimulatory effect of a phorbol ester on expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-2 and level of IGF-I receptors in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	119-124
7509378-4	1994	In hippocampal slices tyrosine phosphorylation of pp110 and pp120 was stimulated by Ca(2+)-ionophores and by phorbol esters and antagonized by a chelator of intracellular Ca2+ and by drugs that inhibit protein kinase C. Stimulation of muscarinic and alpha 1-adrenergic receptors increased also tyrosine phosphorylation of pp110 and pp120.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	CEA cell adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
8028022-5	1994	Phorbol esters increased the rate of ANP secretion approximately 2.4-fold independently of alpha 1-receptor occupancy.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
8120450-7	1994	RA also blocked phorbol ester-induced TNF production in a macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7).	Phorbol Esters	16-29	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	38-41
8206325-6	1994	In conclusion, these experiments suggest that phorbol esters repress GnRH expression at the level of transcription through DNA sequences in the proximal rGnRH promoter.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
7906314-0	1994	The phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope-mediated fusion by modulating an accessory component(s) in CD4-expressing cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	157-160
7906314-1	1994	The phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) strongly inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-induced syncytium formation; it has been suggested that this inhibitory effect is due to the transient downmodulation of the surface-associated CD4 receptors by PMA (I. H. Chowdhury, Y. Koyanagi, S. Kobayashi, Y. Hamamoto, H. Yoshiyama, T. Yoshida, and N. Yamamoto, Virology 176:126-132, 1990).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	256-259
8206325-0	1994	Evidence for transcriptional inhibition of GnRH gene expression by phorbol ester at a proximal promoter region.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
8108142-2	1994	Expression of the VEGF gene can be induced by tumor promoting phorbol esters, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), which activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	62-76	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	18-22
8206325-1	1994	We previously showed that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) in GT1-7 hypothalamic cells decreases GnRH mRNA levels in a dose and time dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	168-172
8008202-7	1994	The carboxypeptidase H messenger RNA increased due to phorbol ester and after long-term application of both drugs.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	carboxypeptidase E	Rattus norvegicus	4-22
8008202-8	1994	In contrast, phorbol ester alone or plus forskolin down-regulated the expression of dopamine beta-hydroxylase.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	84-109
8119399-0	1994	A phorbol ester-responsive PKC-zeta generated by fusion with the regulatory domain of PKC-delta.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	27-35
7510407-4	1994	However, in sharp contrast to the rat and mouse currents, activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters increases the amplitude of the guinea pig IsK current, analogous to its effects on the endogenous IKs current in guinea pig cardiac myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related subfamily, member 1	Mus musculus	151-154
7907091-4	1994	cAMP acted synergistically with phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, in the stimulation of ERK1.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
7907090-2	1994	Transcription regulation of the human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and the glucocorticoid dexamethasone was studied using transient transfections in 293 cells with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 promoter-luciferase constructs (together with a glucocorticoid receptor expression vector).	Phorbol Esters	84-97	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	38-71
8119399-0	1994	A phorbol ester-responsive PKC-zeta generated by fusion with the regulatory domain of PKC-delta.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	86-95
8119399-1	1994	A hybrid molecule generated by fusing the regulatory domain of PKC-delta with the catalytic domain of PKC-zeta is, like PKC-delta but unlike PKC-zeta, a phorbol ester-dependent enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	63-72
8119399-1	1994	A hybrid molecule generated by fusing the regulatory domain of PKC-delta with the catalytic domain of PKC-zeta is, like PKC-delta but unlike PKC-zeta, a phorbol ester-dependent enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	102-110
8119958-6	1994	In vitro phorbol ester binding studies and kinase assays with lysates of cells overexpressing PKC mu showed phorbol ester-independent kinase activity, autophosphorylation, and, in normal rat kidney (NRK) cells, predominant phosphorylation of a 30-kDa protein at serine residues.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	94-100
8119399-3	1994	Expression of mammalian PKC-delta, but not PKC-zeta, in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe causes growth retardation and phorbol esters amplify the PKC-delta phenotype without affecting that of PKC-zeta (Goode et al., submitted).	Phorbol Esters	130-144	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	24-33
8119399-3	1994	Expression of mammalian PKC-delta, but not PKC-zeta, in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe causes growth retardation and phorbol esters amplify the PKC-delta phenotype without affecting that of PKC-zeta (Goode et al., submitted).	Phorbol Esters	130-144	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	157-166
8119399-5	1994	Both the hybrid and PKC-delta holoenzyme, in contrast to PKC-zeta, down-regulate upon prolonged exposure to phorbol esters in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	20-29
8119399-5	1994	Both the hybrid and PKC-delta holoenzyme, in contrast to PKC-zeta, down-regulate upon prolonged exposure to phorbol esters in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	57-65
8119929-5	1994	Treatment of the same cells with other growth factors (colony-stimulating factor-1 and Steel factor) or phorbol esters induced the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of p44erk-1 and p42erk-2 and stimulated p21ras activity.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	174-182
8119929-5	1994	Treatment of the same cells with other growth factors (colony-stimulating factor-1 and Steel factor) or phorbol esters induced the tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of p44erk-1 and p42erk-2 and stimulated p21ras activity.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	211-217
8119958-6	1994	In vitro phorbol ester binding studies and kinase assays with lysates of cells overexpressing PKC mu showed phorbol ester-independent kinase activity, autophosphorylation, and, in normal rat kidney (NRK) cells, predominant phosphorylation of a 30-kDa protein at serine residues.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	protein kinase D1	Homo sapiens	94-100
7508929-3	1994	With unilamellar vesicles (including 20 mol% brain phosphatidylserine), increased phosphatidylcholine unsaturation potentiated basal and phorbol ester stimulated PKC activity.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	162-165
8112895-12	1994	A549 cells, in which PKC was depleted by exposure to phorbol ester for 9 weeks, were resistant towards bryostatin-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	21-24
8129736-1	1994	Protein kinase C (PKC), an enzyme which is believed to mediate the stimulatory effects of the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on phospholipase D (PLD) activity, has a zinc-dependent structure required for phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	166-169
8112895-2	1994	Like the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) it activates protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	113-116
8106444-10	1994	A further stimulation of Na+/P(i) uptake in the overexpressing cells could be achieved by phorbol ester activation of endogenous PKC-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	129-138
7906564-4	1994	First, phorbol ester treatment results in increased beta 1 integrin-dependent adhesion of both Jurkat and CEM cells to fibronectin, but decreased adhesion of H9 cells.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	52-67
7906564-4	1994	First, phorbol ester treatment results in increased beta 1 integrin-dependent adhesion of both Jurkat and CEM cells to fibronectin, but decreased adhesion of H9 cells.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	119-130
8308000-0	1994	Activation of beta-isozyme of protein kinase C (PKC beta) is necessary and sufficient for phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytes.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	48-56
8307946-3	1994	The formation of a Ras-Raf complex is absolutely dependent on prior treatment of the cells with a stimulus that activates Ras: phorbol ester or anti-T cell receptor antibody in the case of human peripheral blood T lymphoblasts, or epidermal growth factor in the case of Rat-1 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Homo sapiens	23-26
8308000-9	1994	These data led us to conclude that activation of PKC beta is both necessary and sufficient for phorbol ester-induced growth arrest and adherence in these myeloid cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	49-57
8106362-7	1994	In MDBK cells, the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (100 nM, 24 h) down-regulates PKC alpha and, to a lesser extent, PKC zeta, without altering their subcellular distribution.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	106-115
8308036-3	1994	Transfection of GH4C1 cells with an expression plasmid containing nPKC epsilon cDNA leads to the transient overexpression of cellular nPKC epsilon and confers enhanced phorbol ester binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	66-78
8110186-0	1994	Phorbol esters inhibit the glucocorticoid-mediated stimulation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-102
8141294-2	1994	Prolonged phorbol ester exposure reduces protein kinase C (PKC) levels in numerous cell types including T84, as shown here.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	41-57
8141294-2	1994	Prolonged phorbol ester exposure reduces protein kinase C (PKC) levels in numerous cell types including T84, as shown here.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	59-62
8110186-1	1994	The regulation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase (cAspAT) gene expression by phorbol esters was investigated in the highly differentiated hepatoma cell line Fao.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-54
8110192-7	1994	Both granulocytic and monocytic differentiation of myelomonoblastic lines (e.g. HL-60) induced by dimethyl sulphoxide or phorbol diester respectively was accompanied by a 2-3-fold increase in GPI-PLD activity.	Phorbol Esters	121-136	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	192-199
8120376-9	1994	Stimulation of IL2-activated NK cells with the mAb triggered TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production, which was enhanced by using the mAb attached to plastic or in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	15-18
8120376-9	1994	Stimulation of IL2-activated NK cells with the mAb triggered TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production, which was enhanced by using the mAb attached to plastic or in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	61-70
8120376-9	1994	Stimulation of IL2-activated NK cells with the mAb triggered TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production, which was enhanced by using the mAb attached to plastic or in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	204-218	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	75-84
8120391-6	1994	In a number of human T cell clones, expression of hIL-10R mRNA is down-regulated after activation of the cells with anti-CD3 Ab and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	interleukin 10 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	50-57
8110186-1	1994	The regulation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase (cAspAT) gene expression by phorbol esters was investigated in the highly differentiated hepatoma cell line Fao.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-62
7507837-8	1994	Down-regulation of cellular PKC by phorbol ester treatment resulted in a complete loss of dopaminergic inhibition of growth.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
7905298-0	1994	Induction of nuclear contour irregularity during T-cell activation via the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex and CD2 antigens in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	75-90
7905298-0	1994	Induction of nuclear contour irregularity during T-cell activation via the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex and CD2 antigens in the presence of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	107-110
8313525-1	1994	The phorbol ester, 12-deoxyphorbol-13-O-phenylacetate-20-acetate (DOPPA) has been shown to activate specifically the protein kinase C (PKC)-beta 1 isozyme in vitro (1).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	117-146
8175894-7	1994	Induction of differentiation in the myeloid cell lines with phorbol ester induces monocyte differentiation which was accompanied by a decrease in MNDA mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen	Homo sapiens	146-150
8168869-2	1994	The MAP kinase activity was stimulated by growth factors (FGFb, FGFa, EGF, PDGF, and IGF1), by a phorbol ester (TPA) activating-protein kinase C (PKC), by a neuropeptide (endothelin-1), and by a neuromediator (carbachol).	Phorbol Esters	97-110	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	171-183
8175894-9	1994	The effects of phorbol ester on MNDA mRNA appeared to be associated with induced differentiation since inhibiting cell proliferation did not alter the level of MNDA mRNA and cell cycle variation in MNDA mRNA levels were not observed.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen	Homo sapiens	32-36
8169550-4	1994	The response to LHRH was mimicked by a phorbol ester but not by ionomycin and was blocked with high potency by GF 109203X but not by H7 (in a similar manner to the PKC species that mediates LHRH priming).	Phorbol Esters	39-52	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
8169550-4	1994	The response to LHRH was mimicked by a phorbol ester but not by ionomycin and was blocked with high potency by GF 109203X but not by H7 (in a similar manner to the PKC species that mediates LHRH priming).	Phorbol Esters	39-52	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	190-194
8175894-10	1994	The ability of interferon alpha to up-regulate MNDA mRNA in phorbol ester treated myeloid cell lines is consistent with the observations made in primary monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen	Homo sapiens	47-51
8301128-4	1994	In this report we have shown that induction of CD69 mRNA in activated murine thymocytes and T cells is very rapid, peaking between 30 and 60 min poststimulation, and transient, dropping to nearly resting levels by 8 h. An analysis of the mouse CD69 gene structure showed the gene to consist of 5 exons and have a phorbol ester-inducible promoter element within the first 700 bp upstream of the start of transcription.	Phorbol Esters	313-326	CD69 antigen	Mus musculus	47-51
7905502-3	1994	The phorbol ester PMA, the chemotactic peptide FMLP, and TNF were all found to induce release of TNF-R55-BP and TNF-R75-BP from neutrophils in suspension in a time- and dose-dependent manner as measured by ELISA.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	97-104
7905502-3	1994	The phorbol ester PMA, the chemotactic peptide FMLP, and TNF were all found to induce release of TNF-R55-BP and TNF-R75-BP from neutrophils in suspension in a time- and dose-dependent manner as measured by ELISA.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	112-119
8289823-3	1994	IFN-alpha-stimulated formation of ISGF3 and subsequent gene expression can be inhibited by phorbol esters or expression of the adenovirus E1A protein.	Phorbol Esters	91-105	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
8113982-7	1994	In vivo, topical application of SLD on mouse ear treated with phorbol ester, not only inhibited edema formation but also the increase in myeloperoxidase activity (an index of cellular infiltration).	Phorbol Esters	62-75	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	137-152
8186319-0	1994	The inducible expression of THP-1 cell interleukin-1 mRNA: effects of estrogen on differential response to phorbol ester and lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	39-52
8114006-3	1994	Ro 32-0432 inhibits interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion, IL-2 receptor expression in, and proliferation of, peripheral human T-cells stimulated with phorbol ester together with phytohemagglutin or anti-CD3, but does not inhibit IL-2 induced proliferation in cells already stimulated to express IL-2 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	52-65
8289787-1	1994	Anisomycin, a translational inhibitor, synergizes with growth factors and phorbol esters to superinduce c-fos and c-jun by a number mechanisms, one of which is its ability to act as a potent signalling agonist, producing strong, prolonged activation of the same nuclear responses as epidermal growth factor or tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	104-109
8289787-1	1994	Anisomycin, a translational inhibitor, synergizes with growth factors and phorbol esters to superinduce c-fos and c-jun by a number mechanisms, one of which is its ability to act as a potent signalling agonist, producing strong, prolonged activation of the same nuclear responses as epidermal growth factor or tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	114-119
8289823-3	1994	IFN-alpha-stimulated formation of ISGF3 and subsequent gene expression can be inhibited by phorbol esters or expression of the adenovirus E1A protein.	Phorbol Esters	91-105	interferon regulatory factor 9	Homo sapiens	34-39
8309477-2	1994	Genomic sequences that mediate the induction of human IL-1 beta gene transcription by lipopolysaccharide and phorbol esters are located more than 2,700 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site (cap site).	Phorbol Esters	109-123	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	54-63
8126384-0	1994	[Effect of phorbol ester on tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) secretion in endometrial carcinoma cell line in vitro].	Phorbol Esters	11-24	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	28-61
8300628-0	1994	A phorbol ester binding domain of protein kinase C gamma.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	34-56
8126384-0	1994	[Effect of phorbol ester on tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) secretion in endometrial carcinoma cell line in vitro].	Phorbol Esters	11-24	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	63-67
8126384-5	1994	Another active phorbol ester, PDD also stimulated t-PA secretion while inactive forms of phorbol ester, 4 alpha-PDD and phorbol did not alter it.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	50-54
8294418-0	1994	Phorbol esters and norepinephrine destabilize alpha 1B-adrenergic receptor mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	46-74
8294418-2	1994	NE, phorbol esters, and bradykinin each decreased alpha-AR mRNA levels by 70-80%.	Phorbol Esters	4-18	alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	50-58
8294438-3	1994	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters or pertussis toxin catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gi proteins inhibits thrombin and ATP receptor-stimulated MAP kinase and arachidonic acid release, indicating that functional protein kinase C and Gi proteins are required for G protein regulation of arachidonic acid release.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	124-132
8294438-3	1994	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters or pertussis toxin catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of Gi proteins inhibits thrombin and ATP receptor-stimulated MAP kinase and arachidonic acid release, indicating that functional protein kinase C and Gi proteins are required for G protein regulation of arachidonic acid release.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	purinergic receptor P2X 2	Homo sapiens	137-149
8294418-6	1994	Both NE and phorbol esters increased the rate of alpha-AR mRNA degradation.	Phorbol Esters	12-26	alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	49-57
8294418-7	1994	In NE-desensitized cells, phorbol esters and bradykinin each caused the expected down-regulation of alpha-AR mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	100-108
8307152-1	1994	In KB cells, interleukin-1 (IL-1), epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester transiently activated both MAP kinase and a serine kinase which phosphorylated the heat shock protein hsp27.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	179-184
8297348-6	1994	Prolonged (48 h) exposure of cells to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 100 nM) resulted in a marked decrease in the amounts of PKC-alpha and PKC-epsilon, with no change in levels of PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	150-159
7506954-1	1994	Phorbol esters upregulate the functional affinity of beta 1 integrin receptors for fibronectin on human neutrophils and other leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	53-68
7506954-1	1994	Phorbol esters upregulate the functional affinity of beta 1 integrin receptors for fibronectin on human neutrophils and other leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	83-94
8297347-5	1994	Moreover, levels of both hNRP mRNA and protein increased rapidly in cultured T-lymphocytes induced to proliferate by incubation with phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	nucleosome assembly protein 1 like 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
8290267-1	1994	A regulatory element, EpRE, was found to be responsible for the induction of mouse glutathione S-transferase (GST) Ya gene expression by a variety of chemical agents such as planar aromatic hydrocarbons, diphenols, phorbol ester, phenobarbital and electrophilic compounds.	Phorbol Esters	215-228	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 1 (Ya)	Mus musculus	83-117
8297348-6	1994	Prolonged (48 h) exposure of cells to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 100 nM) resulted in a marked decrease in the amounts of PKC-alpha and PKC-epsilon, with no change in levels of PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	164-175
8297348-6	1994	Prolonged (48 h) exposure of cells to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 100 nM) resulted in a marked decrease in the amounts of PKC-alpha and PKC-epsilon, with no change in levels of PKC-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	205-213
7506531-8	1994	Pervanadate synergized with signals delivered by T-cell antigen receptor engagement or by a phorbol ester to induce interleukin 2 production.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	116-129
8288563-7	1994	Expression of matk mRNA was up-regulated in megakaryocytic cells induced to differentiate by the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	14-18
7754836-1	1994	In order to investigate the possible role of protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated signal pathways in growth regulation of meningiomas, we examined the effect of two PKC-activating phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA) and phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), and PKC inhibitor, staurosporine, on cell proliferation using low-passage human meningioma cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
7754836-1	1994	In order to investigate the possible role of protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated signal pathways in growth regulation of meningiomas, we examined the effect of two PKC-activating phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA) and phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate (PDBu), and PKC inhibitor, staurosporine, on cell proliferation using low-passage human meningioma cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
8974336-2	1994	Previous work, using primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells, showed that both exposure to alcohol and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester PMA reduced the potency of the co-agonist, glycine, to enhance NMDA receptor function (measured as an increase in intracellular Ca2+), resulting in inhibition of the NMDA response at low glycine concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	126-142
8974336-2	1994	Previous work, using primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells, showed that both exposure to alcohol and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester PMA reduced the potency of the co-agonist, glycine, to enhance NMDA receptor function (measured as an increase in intracellular Ca2+), resulting in inhibition of the NMDA response at low glycine concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	144-147
7987239-2	1994	Here we report that levels of protein kinase C (PKC) in PC12-PFKL cells were almost doubled, as estimated from in vitro activity and phorbol ester binding experiments and from an increase found in PKC-alpha mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
7987239-2	1994	Here we report that levels of protein kinase C (PKC) in PC12-PFKL cells were almost doubled, as estimated from in vitro activity and phorbol ester binding experiments and from an increase found in PKC-alpha mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	phosphofructokinase, liver type	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
8314307-1	1994	In vitro growth of 6 human melanoma-derived cell lines was inhibited markedly by the phorbol-ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a potent activator of several isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	85-98	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	219-222
8003628-0	1994	IL-2 mRNA levels and degradation rates change with mode of stimulation and phorbol ester treatment of lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
8018962-3	1994	A variety of cellular regulators, such as EGF, TGF alpha, phorbol esters, and steroid hormones, are capable of altering the level of EGFR expression in breast cells.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	133-137
7804323-0	1994	Phorbol ester induction of differentiation and apoptosis in the K562 cell line is accompanied by marked decreases in the stability of globin mRNAs and decreases in the steady state level of mRNAs encoding for ribosomal proteins L35, L31, L27, and L21.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ribosomal protein L31	Homo sapiens	233-236
7804323-0	1994	Phorbol ester induction of differentiation and apoptosis in the K562 cell line is accompanied by marked decreases in the stability of globin mRNAs and decreases in the steady state level of mRNAs encoding for ribosomal proteins L35, L31, L27, and L21.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ribosomal protein L27	Homo sapiens	238-241
7804323-0	1994	Phorbol ester induction of differentiation and apoptosis in the K562 cell line is accompanied by marked decreases in the stability of globin mRNAs and decreases in the steady state level of mRNAs encoding for ribosomal proteins L35, L31, L27, and L21.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	ribosomal protein L21	Homo sapiens	247-250
8261671-0	1994	T lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus show increased response to interleukin-2 after costimulation with OKT3 monoclonal antibody and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	89-102
8003628-2	1994	As incubation of lymphocytes with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) prior to mitogenic stimulation results in decreased levels of IL-2 mRNA, we asked if IL-2 mRNA stability was affected.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	157-161
8137877-6	1994	Application of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate also depressed the Ca2+ channel current, but this phorbol ester-induced depression was not additive to that induced by interleukin-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: carbonic anhydrase 2	Cavia porcellus	66-69
8282054-0	1994	Different mechanisms of inhibition by alkyl-lysophospholipid and phorbol ester of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor binding to human leukemic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	82-130
7512393-1	1994	Upon stimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of atopic patients with moderate eosinophilia produced significantly higher amounts of IL-5 compared to that of normal subjects.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	180-184
8254211-7	1994	TTK mRNA levels, protein levels, and kinase activity were greatly enhanced when either freshly isolated PBL or T cell blasts were activated by cross-linking the TCR complex by mitogenic lectins or by bypassing the TCR with phorbol esters and cation ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	223-237	TTK protein kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
8263025-1	1994	Murine TIS7 and TIS21 cDNAs were cloned from phorbol ester-induced Swiss 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	interferon-related developmental regulator 1	Mus musculus	7-11
8263025-1	1994	Murine TIS7 and TIS21 cDNAs were cloned from phorbol ester-induced Swiss 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	BTG anti-proliferation factor 2	Mus musculus	16-21
8263025-3	1994	The TIS7/PC4 and TIS21/PC3 primary response genes are rapidly and transiently induced in response to serum, phorbol esters, and polypeptide growth factors in quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells and by NGF and other ligands in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	interferon-related developmental regulator 1	Mus musculus	4-8
8263025-3	1994	The TIS7/PC4 and TIS21/PC3 primary response genes are rapidly and transiently induced in response to serum, phorbol esters, and polypeptide growth factors in quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells and by NGF and other ligands in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	interferon-related developmental regulator 1	Mus musculus	9-12
8263025-3	1994	The TIS7/PC4 and TIS21/PC3 primary response genes are rapidly and transiently induced in response to serum, phorbol esters, and polypeptide growth factors in quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells and by NGF and other ligands in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	BTG anti-proliferation factor 2	Mus musculus	17-22
8263025-3	1994	The TIS7/PC4 and TIS21/PC3 primary response genes are rapidly and transiently induced in response to serum, phorbol esters, and polypeptide growth factors in quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells and by NGF and other ligands in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	BTG anti-proliferation factor 2	Mus musculus	23-26
7960600-2	1994	Like the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) it directly activates the calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (PKC), thus generating a number of different cellular responses.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	62-65
7904295-0	1994	CD18 integrin-dependent endothelial injury: effects of opsonized zymosan and phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	integrin subunit beta 2	Bos taurus	0-4
8289471-7	1994	Upon stimulation with the phorbol ester TPA we detected a weak expression of Met/HGF receptor specific transcripts of 9.0 kb in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy donor.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	81-93
8136303-0	1994	Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA and protein levels by phorbol ester in MCF-7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	14-37
8136303-0	1994	Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA and protein levels by phorbol ester in MCF-7 cells.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	39-41
8136303-2	1994	Treatment of MCF-7 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (10(-7) M) was associated with a time-dependent increase in specific binding of [3H]dexamethasone (34.8 +/- 4.6 fmol/mg protein after 9 h of TPA treatment compared with 16.0 +/- 2.3 fmol/mg protein in control cells) as well as a transient induction in the level of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA (4- to 8-fold stimulation after 2-3 h, followed by a decline towards the control value after 6 h).	Phorbol Esters	34-47	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	356-379
8136303-2	1994	Treatment of MCF-7 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (10(-7) M) was associated with a time-dependent increase in specific binding of [3H]dexamethasone (34.8 +/- 4.6 fmol/mg protein after 9 h of TPA treatment compared with 16.0 +/- 2.3 fmol/mg protein in control cells) as well as a transient induction in the level of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA (4- to 8-fold stimulation after 2-3 h, followed by a decline towards the control value after 6 h).	Phorbol Esters	34-47	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	381-383
18472955-3	1994	A positive control was obtained by stimulation with phorbol esters inducing a significant increase (p < 0.05) in TNFalpha and IL- 6 secretion but not in IL-1alpha, while lipopolysaccharide (alone and after priming), interferon gamma, ionophore A 23187 and sera positive to T. gondii did not induce any increase in cytokine levels.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	116-124
7854089-7	1994	In the present work we studied the existence of this phenomenon in resting neutrophils and in neutrophils stimulated with two kinds of agents: a phorbol ester (PDBu), which activates the CR1 and fMLP, which increases the expression of this receptor.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)	Homo sapiens	187-190
7854089-7	1994	In the present work we studied the existence of this phenomenon in resting neutrophils and in neutrophils stimulated with two kinds of agents: a phorbol ester (PDBu), which activates the CR1 and fMLP, which increases the expression of this receptor.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	195-199
7907511-11	1994	In contrast, in the presence of Ctx, the PKC-activating phorbol ester TPA synergistically stimulated cAMP production, raising cAMP levels as high as isoproterenol-stimulated levels.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
8264651-1	1994	Two phorbol ester-inducible elements (beta E2 and beta E3) within the human T-cell receptor beta gene enhancer each contain consensus binding sites for the Ets and core binding factor (CBF) transcription factor families.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cystatin 12, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	43-57
8264651-1	1994	Two phorbol ester-inducible elements (beta E2 and beta E3) within the human T-cell receptor beta gene enhancer each contain consensus binding sites for the Ets and core binding factor (CBF) transcription factor families.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CCAAT enhancer binding protein zeta	Homo sapiens	164-183
8264651-1	1994	Two phorbol ester-inducible elements (beta E2 and beta E3) within the human T-cell receptor beta gene enhancer each contain consensus binding sites for the Ets and core binding factor (CBF) transcription factor families.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CCAAT enhancer binding protein zeta	Homo sapiens	185-188
8297480-8	1994	Moreover, ST-3 mRNA was expressed and induced by phorbol ester treatment in adult dermal fibroblasts but not in keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	matrix metallopeptidase 11	Homo sapiens	10-14
7520816-2	1994	The expression of E-selectin was induced by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, 300 U/ml), phorbol ester (PMA, 10 ng/ml) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 4 micrograms/ml).	Phorbol Esters	96-109	selectin E	Homo sapiens	18-28
8152431-1	1994	Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3) is one member of a large family of leucine zipper transcription factors which bind to promoters responsive to cAMP and phorbol ester at the related cAMP (CRE) and phorbol ester response elements.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	activating transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-33
8152431-1	1994	Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3) is one member of a large family of leucine zipper transcription factors which bind to promoters responsive to cAMP and phorbol ester at the related cAMP (CRE) and phorbol ester response elements.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	activating transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	35-40
8152431-1	1994	Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3) is one member of a large family of leucine zipper transcription factors which bind to promoters responsive to cAMP and phorbol ester at the related cAMP (CRE) and phorbol ester response elements.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	activating transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-33
8152431-1	1994	Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF-3) is one member of a large family of leucine zipper transcription factors which bind to promoters responsive to cAMP and phorbol ester at the related cAMP (CRE) and phorbol ester response elements.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	activating transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	35-40
8302589-8	1994	The HGF-induced cell motility was mimicked by 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate, a protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, but not by Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	hepatocyte growth factor	Mus musculus	4-7
8302585-4	1994	However, the response to phorbol ester (TPA) was significantly altered by c-Myb.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	74-79
8302589-9	1994	The phorbol ester-induced cell motility was also inhibited by microinjection of rho GDI or C3.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	80-87
8302589-10	1994	These results indicate that both rho p21 and rho GDI are also involved in the phorbol ester-induced cell motility.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	37-40
8302589-10	1994	These results indicate that both rho p21 and rho GDI are also involved in the phorbol ester-induced cell motility.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) alpha	Mus musculus	45-52
7505022-1	1993	Three different agents, dithiothreitol (DTT), Mn2+, and phorbol ester (TPA), were found to induce HL-60 cell adhesion to fibronectin through distinct mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	121-132
8127941-1	1994	Skin tumor promotion by phorbol ester is believed to be mediated by the phospholipid-dependent ser/thr kinase, protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	24-37	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-127
8127941-1	1994	Skin tumor promotion by phorbol ester is believed to be mediated by the phospholipid-dependent ser/thr kinase, protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	24-37	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	129-132
7974918-0	1994	Stimulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) antigen expression and shedding by interferon-gamma and phorbol ester in human renal carcinoma cell cultures: relation to peripheral blood mononuclear cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	15-48
7974918-0	1994	Stimulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) antigen expression and shedding by interferon-gamma and phorbol ester in human renal carcinoma cell cultures: relation to peripheral blood mononuclear cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	50-56
8262984-0	1993	Anti-CD3 and phorbol ester induce distinct phosphorylated sites in the SH2 domain of p56lck.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	85-91
7505015-2	1993	Prompted by experiments showing that stimulation of T cells by phorbol esters in vitro results in rapid shedding of the L-selectin homing receptor, we investigated the expression of adhesion molecules on superantigen-responsive T cells in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	selectin, lymphocyte	Mus musculus	120-130
8280080-7	1993	Phorbol ester also induced TIMP-1 and MMP-9, the expression of the latter being further enhanced by TNF alpha or interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
8262046-3	1993	Transfection experiments demonstrate that the MAD3 promoter can be activated by various combinations of members of the rel/NF-kappa B family, as well as by phorbol esters and tumor necrosis factor.	Phorbol Esters	156-170	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	46-50
8280080-7	1993	Phorbol ester also induced TIMP-1 and MMP-9, the expression of the latter being further enhanced by TNF alpha or interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	38-43
8280080-7	1993	Phorbol ester also induced TIMP-1 and MMP-9, the expression of the latter being further enhanced by TNF alpha or interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-109
8280080-7	1993	Phorbol ester also induced TIMP-1 and MMP-9, the expression of the latter being further enhanced by TNF alpha or interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	113-132
8280080-7	1993	Phorbol ester also induced TIMP-1 and MMP-9, the expression of the latter being further enhanced by TNF alpha or interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	134-144
8265655-1	1993	JunB is an immediate early transcription factor that is induced by a variety of extracellular signaling agents, including growth factors, phorbol esters, and agents that elevate cyclic AMP.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	jun B proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	0-4
8284217-2	1993	In T lymphoma cells, the activity of the Il-4 promoter/enhancer is stimulated by phorbol esters, Ca++ ionophores and agonists of protein kinase A and inhibited by low doses of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	41-45
8265655-3	1993	By using the JunB gene together with flanking DNA in transfection experiments, we show that a serum response element (SRE) and/or a cAMP response element (CRE) downstream of the gene mediate the response of the gene in mouse NIH 3T3 cells to serum, platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, phorbol ester, and forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	313-326	jun B proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	13-17
8134614-2	1993	Carbachol stimulated secretion of neurotensin concentration-dependently in the range of 10(-6) - 10(-4) M. The neurotensin secretion stimulated with 10(-5) M carbachol was completely inhibited by atropine at 10(-5) M. Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (A23187) stimulated secretion of neurotensin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	34-45
8134614-2	1993	Carbachol stimulated secretion of neurotensin concentration-dependently in the range of 10(-6) - 10(-4) M. The neurotensin secretion stimulated with 10(-5) M carbachol was completely inhibited by atropine at 10(-5) M. Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (A23187) stimulated secretion of neurotensin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	111-122
8134614-2	1993	Carbachol stimulated secretion of neurotensin concentration-dependently in the range of 10(-6) - 10(-4) M. The neurotensin secretion stimulated with 10(-5) M carbachol was completely inhibited by atropine at 10(-5) M. Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (A23187) stimulated secretion of neurotensin.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	111-122
7506490-9	1993	However, phorbol esters independently suppress Kv1.3 currents.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 3	Mus musculus	47-52
8244988-6	1993	Phorbol ester stimulated NHE1 and NHE2, but inhibited NHE3 with a decrease in Vmax.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	25-29
8244988-6	1993	Phorbol ester stimulated NHE1 and NHE2, but inhibited NHE3 with a decrease in Vmax.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 9 member A2	Homo sapiens	34-38
8244988-6	1993	Phorbol ester stimulated NHE1 and NHE2, but inhibited NHE3 with a decrease in Vmax.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	solute carrier family 9 member A3	Homo sapiens	54-58
8274025-5	1993	Exogenous activation of protein kinase C by a phorbol ester strongly augmented the secretion of PTHrP(1-34), whereby uncoupling of the Ca2+ sensor was partially reversed.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	96-101
7907262-0	1993	Survival-promoting and protein kinase C-regulating roles of basic FGF for hippocampal neurons exposed to phorbol ester, glutamate and ischaemia-like conditions.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	66-69
8117617-0	1993	Differential expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase genes during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human leukemia U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22	Homo sapiens	27-55
8117617-6	1993	Among them, PTP-U1 and PTP-U2 were greatly induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type U	Homo sapiens	23-29
8204801-4	1993	PKC from human benign hyperplastic prostate was also phospholipid dependent, activated by tumor-promotong phorbol esters, and appeared to belong to the group of PKC isozymes which lack Ca2+ sensitivity.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
8262160-1	1993	Homologous desensitization of responses to bombesin in small cell lung cancer cells can be mimicked by protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	43-51
8262139-10	1993	Addition of serum, phorbol ester, or cycloheximide to both C6 cells and fibroblasts induces the level bFGF mRNA transcripts 10-fold after 1-4 h. This rapid induction after cell activation indicates that bFGF is an early response gene.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	102-106
8262139-10	1993	Addition of serum, phorbol ester, or cycloheximide to both C6 cells and fibroblasts induces the level bFGF mRNA transcripts 10-fold after 1-4 h. This rapid induction after cell activation indicates that bFGF is an early response gene.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	203-207
7507081-8	1993	We also show that chicken CD4 is down-modulated in a similar manner as its mammalian equivalent when thymocytes are stimulated in vitro with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4	Gallus gallus	26-29
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	28-53
8300159-5	1993	However, pretreatment with the phorbol ester TPA, which directly activates protein kinase C (PKC), caused a marked increase in mediator release and InsP3 production in the CD45-deficient variant compared to the parental RBL-2H3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C	Rattus norvegicus	172-176
8300159-5	1993	However, pretreatment with the phorbol ester TPA, which directly activates protein kinase C (PKC), caused a marked increase in mediator release and InsP3 production in the CD45-deficient variant compared to the parental RBL-2H3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	RB transcriptional corepressor like 2	Rattus norvegicus	220-225
8245456-0	1993	cAMP activates the IL-5 promoter synergistically with phorbol ester through the signaling pathway involving protein kinase A in mouse thymoma line EL-4.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	interleukin 5	Mus musculus	19-23
8245456-0	1993	cAMP activates the IL-5 promoter synergistically with phorbol ester through the signaling pathway involving protein kinase A in mouse thymoma line EL-4.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	147-151
8245986-1	1993	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester treatment inhibited the generation of the 4-kDa beta-amyloid peptide in transfected COS cells, a human glioma cell line, and human cortical astrocytes.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	102-122
8246960-1	1993	Expression of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene in T cells is activated by the combination of phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate) and calcium ionophore (A23187), which mimic antigen stimulation through the T-cell receptor.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-66
8246960-1	1993	Expression of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene in T cells is activated by the combination of phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate) and calcium ionophore (A23187), which mimic antigen stimulation through the T-cell receptor.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	68-74
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	28-53
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	73-98
8143918-6	1993	In yeast, the faithfully expressed PKCab chimera and normal PKC isoforms bound radiolabelled phorbol ester and were recognized on immunoblots by PKC-specific antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	35-38
8143918-6	1993	In yeast, the faithfully expressed PKCab chimera and normal PKC isoforms bound radiolabelled phorbol ester and were recognized on immunoblots by PKC-specific antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	60-63
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	73-98
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	73-98
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	73-98
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	73-98
8309547-2	1993	Proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain into the medium of cultured cells can be activated by phorbol esters which stimulate protein kinase C. In the present study, using mutated amyloid precursor protein, we show that phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues is not required for the phorbol ester-activated cleavage and release of the amyloid precursor protein ectodomain.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	73-98
8256116-0	1993	Okadaic acid, a phosphatase inhibitor, enhances the phorbol ester-induced interleukin-1 beta expression via an AP-1-mediated mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	74-92
7693806-8	1993	U937 cells treated with the phorbol ester PMA for 3 days adhere to both HIVEC and HIAEC; this adhesion is mediated by LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-1 and/or -2.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	118-123
7694875-2	1993	The cells were treated with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutyl-methylxanthine and the tumor promoting phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate; activators of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) and protein kinase C (PKC) second messenger pathways, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	174-191
8227076-9	1993	The proximal cascade leading to Raf kinase activation may involve a protein kinase activity was severely attenuated by stimulated kinase activity was severely attenuated by previous phorbol ester treatment for 20 h or staurosporine pretreatment.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	32-35
7693806-8	1993	U937 cells treated with the phorbol ester PMA for 3 days adhere to both HIVEC and HIAEC; this adhesion is mediated by LFA-1 interaction with ICAM-1 and/or -2.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	141-147
8228214-2	1993	Phorbol esters are known to induce a loss of CD4 from the surface of mouse and human T cells, presumably through activation of protein kinase C. Here we describe additional, calcium-dependent processes that remove CD4 and CD8 from the surface of T cells and thymocytes, and that differ from the protein kinase C-mediated effect in that they require the expression of new gene products.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	45-48
8226926-4	1993	We now show that PKC alpha, delta, epsilon, and zeta isoforms are present at the protein level in quiescent, non-transformed Mel-ab melanocytes, maintained in the absence of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	17-52
8226926-6	1993	Examination of two transformed syngeneic lines (the B16 murine melanoma and the long terminal repeat Ras.2 line), that grew in the absence of exogenous phorbol esters, showed that PKC alpha protein levels were either partially down-regulated or unaffected, the PKC delta and epsilon isoforms were down-regulated completely, and the levels of PKC zeta protein remained unaltered relative to quiescent Mel-ab cells.	Phorbol Esters	152-166	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	180-189
8228214-2	1993	Phorbol esters are known to induce a loss of CD4 from the surface of mouse and human T cells, presumably through activation of protein kinase C. Here we describe additional, calcium-dependent processes that remove CD4 and CD8 from the surface of T cells and thymocytes, and that differ from the protein kinase C-mediated effect in that they require the expression of new gene products.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	214-217
8228214-2	1993	Phorbol esters are known to induce a loss of CD4 from the surface of mouse and human T cells, presumably through activation of protein kinase C. Here we describe additional, calcium-dependent processes that remove CD4 and CD8 from the surface of T cells and thymocytes, and that differ from the protein kinase C-mediated effect in that they require the expression of new gene products.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	222-225
8243475-8	1993	Similarly, with the human leukaemic T cell line JURKAT, stimulation of the T cell receptor with the monoclonal antibody, OKT-3, or treatment with phorbol ester induces a 2-3-fold increase in eIF-4 alpha phosphorylation within 30 min.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	191-202
8243475-7	1993	Relative to control cells, both phorbol ester and concanavalin A induce a 2-4-fold increase in labelling of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-4 alpha with phosphate in vivo, which primarily reflects a small net increase in phosphorylation rather than phosphate turnover on eIF-4 alpha.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	141-152
8243475-7	1993	Relative to control cells, both phorbol ester and concanavalin A induce a 2-4-fold increase in labelling of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-4 alpha with phosphate in vivo, which primarily reflects a small net increase in phosphorylation rather than phosphate turnover on eIF-4 alpha.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	276-287
8243459-13	1993	In WEHI-3 cells the gelatinase B protein is induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester, double-stranded RNA and the cytokine interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	20-32
8243475-10	1993	Of central importance is the finding that, concomitant with increased rates of protein synthesis following stimulation of PPBMCs with either phorbol ester or concanavalin A, there is a significant increase in the level of eIF-4 alpha recovered in high-molecular-mass complexes.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1	Homo sapiens	222-233
8255759-2	1993	Treatment of cells with tumour necrosis factor (TNF), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or phorbol esters is shown to be associated with an increase in the rate of p105 to p50 processing, and the loss of immunologically detectable MAD3/I kappa B alpha.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
8226861-1	1993	The human thyrotropin beta (hTSH beta) gene is inducible by various agents including thyrotropin-releasing hormone, phorbol esters, or the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	thyroid stimulating hormone subunit beta	Homo sapiens	28-37
8226861-2	1993	In this study, we have characterized the functional properties of the TGGGTCA motif at -1/+6 of the hTSH beta gene that is similar to the consensus phorbol ester response element (TRE) or the consensus cyclic AMP response element (CRE).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	thyroid stimulating hormone subunit beta	Homo sapiens	100-109
8226861-4	1993	Following stimulation by phorbol esters, forskolin, or TRH, the TGGGTCA-specific factor acts together with the pituitary-specific transcription factor Pit-1 (or GHF-1) bound to upstream sequences at -128 to -61 to mediate the induction of the hTSH beta promoter.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	151-156
8226861-4	1993	Following stimulation by phorbol esters, forskolin, or TRH, the TGGGTCA-specific factor acts together with the pituitary-specific transcription factor Pit-1 (or GHF-1) bound to upstream sequences at -128 to -61 to mediate the induction of the hTSH beta promoter.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	161-166
8226861-4	1993	Following stimulation by phorbol esters, forskolin, or TRH, the TGGGTCA-specific factor acts together with the pituitary-specific transcription factor Pit-1 (or GHF-1) bound to upstream sequences at -128 to -61 to mediate the induction of the hTSH beta promoter.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	thyroid stimulating hormone subunit beta	Homo sapiens	243-252
8226870-3	1993	Cyclooxygenase activity of HUVEC challenged with interleukin 1 alpha or a phorbol ester increased in parallel with the mass of a protein doublet analyzed by Western blot using antibodies directed against the Cox-2 peptide; a monoclonal antibody directed against Cox-1 showed a small change in protein mass.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	208-213
8218362-1	1993	We previously reported that protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation through phorbol ester (TPA) treatment enhances the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on immunophenotypic differentiation and RA nuclear receptor (RAR) activation in the multipotential human teratocarcinoma (TC) cell line NTera-2/clone D1 (abbreviated NT2/D1).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	46-49
8218362-1	1993	We previously reported that protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation through phorbol ester (TPA) treatment enhances the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on immunophenotypic differentiation and RA nuclear receptor (RAR) activation in the multipotential human teratocarcinoma (TC) cell line NTera-2/clone D1 (abbreviated NT2/D1).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	194-213
8218362-1	1993	We previously reported that protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation through phorbol ester (TPA) treatment enhances the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on immunophenotypic differentiation and RA nuclear receptor (RAR) activation in the multipotential human teratocarcinoma (TC) cell line NTera-2/clone D1 (abbreviated NT2/D1).	Phorbol Esters	71-84	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	215-218
8226870-3	1993	Cyclooxygenase activity of HUVEC challenged with interleukin 1 alpha or a phorbol ester increased in parallel with the mass of a protein doublet analyzed by Western blot using antibodies directed against the Cox-2 peptide; a monoclonal antibody directed against Cox-1 showed a small change in protein mass.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	262-267
8255759-2	1993	Treatment of cells with tumour necrosis factor (TNF), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or phorbol esters is shown to be associated with an increase in the rate of p105 to p50 processing, and the loss of immunologically detectable MAD3/I kappa B alpha.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	167-170
8255759-2	1993	Treatment of cells with tumour necrosis factor (TNF), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or phorbol esters is shown to be associated with an increase in the rate of p105 to p50 processing, and the loss of immunologically detectable MAD3/I kappa B alpha.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	226-230
8255759-2	1993	Treatment of cells with tumour necrosis factor (TNF), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or phorbol esters is shown to be associated with an increase in the rate of p105 to p50 processing, and the loss of immunologically detectable MAD3/I kappa B alpha.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	231-246
8217194-4	1993	To examine whether PGHS-2 is induced by phorbol ester in mast cells, we studied mRNA expression of PGHS-2 and also measured prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) production when canine mastocytoma cells were incubated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	40-53	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Gallus gallus	19-25
8217194-10	1993	In conclusion, PGHS-2 is induced by phorbol ester in canine mast cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Gallus gallus	15-21
7694572-1	1993	We have previously shown that vanadate potentiates the activating effect of phorbol ester (TPA) on cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in a pathway dependent on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	108-124
8297136-4	1993	Exposure of cells to phorbol esters as well as artificially increasing the intracellular concentration of AP-1 target sites can stimulate the DNA-binding function of c-Jun.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	106-110
8297136-4	1993	Exposure of cells to phorbol esters as well as artificially increasing the intracellular concentration of AP-1 target sites can stimulate the DNA-binding function of c-Jun.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	166-171
7694572-1	1993	We have previously shown that vanadate potentiates the activating effect of phorbol ester (TPA) on cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in a pathway dependent on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).	Phorbol Esters	76-89	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	126-130
8299848-5	1993	In addition, the pkC activating phorbol esters PMA or beta PDD degranulated the cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the control isomeric phorbol ester alpha PDD that does not activate pkC did not have any effect on the cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
8106145-4	1993	Elevated expression of ICAM-1 was induced also by gamma-interferon and by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester (PMA), albeit with different kinetics.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	23-29
8219237-1	1993	Stimulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) by phorbol esters or formyl peptides (fMLP) generates large quantities of superoxide anion, the so-called respiratory burst (RB), a phenomenon associated with intense phosphorylation of a 47-kD protein (p47 phox).	Phorbol Esters	54-68	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	254-262
8242868-4	1993	The phorbol ester TPA and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate blocked intercellular communication in all the cell lines tested, but expression of CYP1A1 enzyme reduced the inhibitory activity in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	136-142
8299848-5	1993	In addition, the pkC activating phorbol esters PMA or beta PDD degranulated the cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the control isomeric phorbol ester alpha PDD that does not activate pkC did not have any effect on the cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
7693480-1	1993	We have analyzed the relationship between the signaling pathways coupled to surface immunoglobulin and interleukin (IL)-4 receptors in human B cells from the patterns of expression of a panel of phorbol ester-inducible early response genes (ERG) activated by anti-IgM and IL-4 stimulation in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	272-276
7693480-3	1993	Two of these, the proto-oncogene, c-fos and an anonymous ERG 1R20 were insensitive to protein kinase C (PKC) inhibition with the drug, staurosporine and retained inducibility after down-regulation of PKC activity by purging with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	18-39
7693480-3	1993	Two of these, the proto-oncogene, c-fos and an anonymous ERG 1R20 were insensitive to protein kinase C (PKC) inhibition with the drug, staurosporine and retained inducibility after down-regulation of PKC activity by purging with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	200-203
7693872-6	1993	In contrast, increased synthesis of proenkephalin in response to phorbol esters was not affected by pertussis toxin treatment.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	36-49
7901223-3	1993	Immunoaffinity purified ICAM-3-coated surfaces were able to support T lymphoblast attachment upon cell stimulation with both phorbol esters and cross-linked CD3, as well as by mAb engagement of the LFA-1 molecule with the activating anti-LFA-1 NKI-L16 mAb.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	intercellular adhesion molecule 3	Homo sapiens	24-30
8414506-0	1993	Increased sequence-specific p53-DNA binding activity after DNA damage is attenuated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	28-31
8228334-11	1993	Phorbol esters inhibited PLC stimulation by 1.4 mM Ca++ medium and increased serine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma 1.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	phospholipase C, gamma 1	Mus musculus	103-114
8231235-6	1993	Treatment of NB-4 cells with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or the phorbol ester TPA induced terminal differentiation and down-regulated annexin VIII mRNA expression rapidly within a few hours; vitamin D3 was ineffective in this regard; the protein kinase C activator Bryostatin 1 up-regulated the expression.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	annexin A8 like 1	Homo sapiens	137-149
8228617-0	1993	Lipopolysaccharide and a phorbol ester stimulate secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from alveolar macrophages through action on overlapping subsets of cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	62-89
8228617-4	1993	On the other hand, a phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate, PMA) stimulated TNF-alpha release at 20 h of incubation but not at 7 h. Under nonstimulated culture conditions, 5-10% of all AMs released detectable TNF-alpha PMA (but not LPS) induced a significant increase in the fraction of AMs capable of releasing TNF-alpha (15.1 +/- 1.1% vs. 9.0 +/- 1.6%, PMA vs. control, P < .05).	Phorbol Esters	21-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	79-88
8228617-4	1993	On the other hand, a phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate, PMA) stimulated TNF-alpha release at 20 h of incubation but not at 7 h. Under nonstimulated culture conditions, 5-10% of all AMs released detectable TNF-alpha PMA (but not LPS) induced a significant increase in the fraction of AMs capable of releasing TNF-alpha (15.1 +/- 1.1% vs. 9.0 +/- 1.6%, PMA vs. control, P < .05).	Phorbol Esters	21-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	212-221
8228617-4	1993	On the other hand, a phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate, PMA) stimulated TNF-alpha release at 20 h of incubation but not at 7 h. Under nonstimulated culture conditions, 5-10% of all AMs released detectable TNF-alpha PMA (but not LPS) induced a significant increase in the fraction of AMs capable of releasing TNF-alpha (15.1 +/- 1.1% vs. 9.0 +/- 1.6%, PMA vs. control, P < .05).	Phorbol Esters	21-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	212-221
8241364-1	1993	This study determined if phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle requires calcium-dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and, if not, whether the mechanical characteristics of the contraction in terms of stiffness and crossbridge cycling are similar to those during a calcium- and MLC phosphorylation-dependent contraction.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	myosin light chain 1	Sus scrofa	112-130
8241364-1	1993	This study determined if phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle requires calcium-dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and, if not, whether the mechanical characteristics of the contraction in terms of stiffness and crossbridge cycling are similar to those during a calcium- and MLC phosphorylation-dependent contraction.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	myosin light chain 1	Sus scrofa	132-135
8241364-1	1993	This study determined if phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle requires calcium-dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and, if not, whether the mechanical characteristics of the contraction in terms of stiffness and crossbridge cycling are similar to those during a calcium- and MLC phosphorylation-dependent contraction.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	myosin light chain 1	Sus scrofa	313-316
7902747-1	1993	Prolonged phorbol ester treatment abolished protein kinase C (PKC) activity for over 48 h in cortical astrocyte cultures.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	44-60
7902747-1	1993	Prolonged phorbol ester treatment abolished protein kinase C (PKC) activity for over 48 h in cortical astrocyte cultures.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
8240350-1	1993	The cis-acting element of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promoter, CLE0, is required for stimulation dependent expression of the GM-CSF gene by phorbol ester (PMA) and calcium ionophore (A23187) in T cells.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	30-78
8212559-4	1993	Furthermore, the absence of this AP-4 sequence dramatically decreased the additive effect observed when U937 cells were both treated by phorbol ester and expressed the tat gene product, suggesting a high interdependence of the AP-1 and AP-4 sequences for the regulation of the transcription driven by the visna LTR.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	transcription factor AP-4	Homo sapiens	33-37
8212559-4	1993	Furthermore, the absence of this AP-4 sequence dramatically decreased the additive effect observed when U937 cells were both treated by phorbol ester and expressed the tat gene product, suggesting a high interdependence of the AP-1 and AP-4 sequences for the regulation of the transcription driven by the visna LTR.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	227-231
8212559-4	1993	Furthermore, the absence of this AP-4 sequence dramatically decreased the additive effect observed when U937 cells were both treated by phorbol ester and expressed the tat gene product, suggesting a high interdependence of the AP-1 and AP-4 sequences for the regulation of the transcription driven by the visna LTR.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	transcription factor AP-4	Homo sapiens	236-240
8240350-1	1993	The cis-acting element of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promoter, CLE0, is required for stimulation dependent expression of the GM-CSF gene by phorbol ester (PMA) and calcium ionophore (A23187) in T cells.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	80-86
8240350-1	1993	The cis-acting element of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) promoter, CLE0, is required for stimulation dependent expression of the GM-CSF gene by phorbol ester (PMA) and calcium ionophore (A23187) in T cells.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	160-166
7505833-4	1993	Similar increases in expression of GAP-43 were obtained when these clones were exposed to the phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	35-41
8226736-6	1993	Treatment of fibroblasts with phorbol esters and other agents that activate PKC resulted in increased amounts of 125I-labeled Fn binding to the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	76-79
8226736-6	1993	Treatment of fibroblasts with phorbol esters and other agents that activate PKC resulted in increased amounts of 125I-labeled Fn binding to the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	126-128
8400300-0	1993	Transfected leukocyte integrin CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) mediates phorbol ester-activated, homotypic cell:cell adherence in the K562 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	31-36
8104943-1	1993	Lymphocytes activated by antigen receptor cross-linking or phorbol esters adhere avidly to surfaces bearing intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) through the adhesion receptor lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1).	Phorbol Esters	59-73	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	108-141
8104943-1	1993	Lymphocytes activated by antigen receptor cross-linking or phorbol esters adhere avidly to surfaces bearing intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) through the adhesion receptor lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1).	Phorbol Esters	59-73	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	143-149
8104943-1	1993	Lymphocytes activated by antigen receptor cross-linking or phorbol esters adhere avidly to surfaces bearing intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) through the adhesion receptor lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1).	Phorbol Esters	59-73	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	181-221
8104943-1	1993	Lymphocytes activated by antigen receptor cross-linking or phorbol esters adhere avidly to surfaces bearing intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) through the adhesion receptor lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1).	Phorbol Esters	59-73	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	223-228
8104943-3	1993	We have used a recombinant, soluble form of the ICAM-1 molecule to measure the affinity of binding to LFA-1 on unstimulated T cells and T cells stimulated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	48-54
8104943-3	1993	We have used a recombinant, soluble form of the ICAM-1 molecule to measure the affinity of binding to LFA-1 on unstimulated T cells and T cells stimulated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	102-107
8402688-4	1993	Furthermore, stimulation of one of the N-type clones, SH-SY5Y, with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, induced differentiation toward a more neuronal-like phenotype and resulted in a 5- to 10-fold elevation in the relative levels of Bcl-2 protein.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	255-260
8400300-0	1993	Transfected leukocyte integrin CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) mediates phorbol ester-activated, homotypic cell:cell adherence in the K562 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
8400300-0	1993	Transfected leukocyte integrin CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) mediates phorbol ester-activated, homotypic cell:cell adherence in the K562 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	43-48
8397114-4	1993	Treatment of U-937 cells with phorbol ester caused downregulation of both types of TNF receptors and this was accompanied by disappearance of the TNF-induced DNA fragmentation.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	83-86
8407946-0	1993	Regulation by phorbol esters of amyloid precursor protein release from Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing protein kinase C alpha.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	32-57
8407946-8	1993	The protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 (1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride) significantly reduced the response to phorbol esters in control (SC1) cells but not in cells (SF1.4) that overexpress protein kinase C alpha.	Phorbol Esters	137-151	spinal cord QTL 1	Mus musculus	164-167
8238402-2	1993	The Mn-SOD in human endothelial cells was markedly induced by the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1, and lipopolysaccharide as well as by phorbol esters [12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)].	Phorbol Esters	157-171	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	4-10
8252418-0	1993	Protein kinase C isozymes that mediate enhancement of neurite outgrowth by ethanol and phorbol esters in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
8216211-0	1993	Effects of insulin and phorbol esters on MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate) phosphorylation (and other parameters of protein kinase C activation) in rat adipocytes, rat soleus muscle and BC3H-1 myocytes.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	49-94
8216211-2	1993	In rat adipocytes, rat soleus muscle and BC3H-1 myocytes, maximally effective concentrations of insulin and phorbol esters provoked comparable, rapid, 2-fold (on average), non-additive increases in the phosphorylation of immunoprecipitable MARCKS.	Phorbol Esters	108-122	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	240-246
8216211-3	1993	These effects of insulin and phorbol esters on MARCKS phosphorylation in intact adipocytes and soleus muscles were paralleled by similar increases in the phosphorylation of an exogenous, soluble, 85 kDa PKC substrate (apparently a MARCKS protein) during incubation of post-nuclear membrane fractions in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	47-53
8216211-3	1993	These effects of insulin and phorbol esters on MARCKS phosphorylation in intact adipocytes and soleus muscles were paralleled by similar increases in the phosphorylation of an exogenous, soluble, 85 kDa PKC substrate (apparently a MARCKS protein) during incubation of post-nuclear membrane fractions in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Rattus norvegicus	231-237
8397114-4	1993	Treatment of U-937 cells with phorbol ester caused downregulation of both types of TNF receptors and this was accompanied by disappearance of the TNF-induced DNA fragmentation.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	146-149
8397114-5	1993	The removal of phorbol ester led to two time-dependent events: (1) the rapid regeneration of the p80 form but not the p60 form of the TNF receptor; and (2) the reappearance of TNF-induced DNA fragmentation.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	coilin	Homo sapiens	97-100
8397114-5	1993	The removal of phorbol ester led to two time-dependent events: (1) the rapid regeneration of the p80 form but not the p60 form of the TNF receptor; and (2) the reappearance of TNF-induced DNA fragmentation.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	134-137
8397114-5	1993	The removal of phorbol ester led to two time-dependent events: (1) the rapid regeneration of the p80 form but not the p60 form of the TNF receptor; and (2) the reappearance of TNF-induced DNA fragmentation.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	176-179
8397115-4	1993	Stimulation of PKC by phorbol esters increased PLD activity in mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
8397115-5	1993	Down-regulation of PKC-alpha and -delta isoenzymes by 8 h phorbol ester treatment still resulted in full PLD activation.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	19-39
8397115-6	1993	In contrast, a 24 h treatment of mesangial cells with phorbol ester, a regimen that also causes depletion of PKC-epsilon, abolished angiotensin II-evoked phosphatidylethanol formation.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	132-146
7901234-4	1993	VIP inhibited IL-2 and IL-4 production (both at the level of protein concentration and biological activity) by unfractionated spleen cells or purified CD4+ T cells stimulated with either anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or with anti-CD3 mAbs plus phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	252-266	vasoactive intestinal polypeptide	Mus musculus	0-3
8282758-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced scattering of HT-29 human intestinal cancer cells is associated with down-modulation of E-cadherin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	110-120
8376930-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced downregulation of CD4 is a multistep process involving dissociation from p56lck, increased association with clathrin-coated pits, and altered endosomal sorting.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	40-43
8412126-6	1993	Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) stimulated phorbol ester-induced O2- production by resident macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	interleukin-1 alpha	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-19
8376930-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced downregulation of CD4 is a multistep process involving dissociation from p56lck, increased association with clathrin-coated pits, and altered endosomal sorting.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	95-101
8376930-1	1993	The phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces a rapid downregulation of CD4 from the surface of T cells and lymphocytic cell lines, as well as from CD4-transfected nonlymphoid cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	84-87
8376930-1	1993	The phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induces a rapid downregulation of CD4 from the surface of T cells and lymphocytic cell lines, as well as from CD4-transfected nonlymphoid cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	160-163
8376930-2	1993	Here we have studied the mechanisms of this phorbol ester-induced CD4 modulation.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-69
8376930-9	1993	Together these results indicate that phorbol esters have multiple effects on the normal endocytosis and trafficking of CD4, and suggest that phosphorylation may influence the interaction of CD4 with coated pits.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	119-122
8376930-9	1993	Together these results indicate that phorbol esters have multiple effects on the normal endocytosis and trafficking of CD4, and suggest that phosphorylation may influence the interaction of CD4 with coated pits.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	190-193
8397258-5	1993	CTLA-4 mRNA expression can be induced on quiescent T cells via phorbol ester-mediated activation of protein kinase C but not with calcium ionophore treatment alone.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4	Homo sapiens	0-6
8397258-6	1993	Phorbol ester-induced expression of CTLA-4 mRNA could be enhanced with calcium ionophore treatment, and treatment of cells in this manner resulted in a reciprocal decrease in expression of CD28 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4	Homo sapiens	36-42
8397258-6	1993	Phorbol ester-induced expression of CTLA-4 mRNA could be enhanced with calcium ionophore treatment, and treatment of cells in this manner resulted in a reciprocal decrease in expression of CD28 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	189-193
8104219-5	1993	The anti-Kp43 mAb also cooperated with a phorbol ester, although it did not modify the TNF-alpha production triggered by a Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	killer cell lectin like receptor D1	Homo sapiens	9-13
8409525-0	1993	Phorbol ester TPA- and bradykinin-induced arachidonic acid release from keratinocytes is catalyzed by a cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	14-18
8409525-0	1993	Phorbol ester TPA- and bradykinin-induced arachidonic acid release from keratinocytes is catalyzed by a cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	23-33
8409525-0	1993	Phorbol ester TPA- and bradykinin-induced arachidonic acid release from keratinocytes is catalyzed by a cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	104-130
8409525-0	1993	Phorbol ester TPA- and bradykinin-induced arachidonic acid release from keratinocytes is catalyzed by a cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	132-137
8105372-0	1993	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced cellular adhesion by competitive binding of NF-kappa B in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	80-90
8412126-6	1993	Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) stimulated phorbol ester-induced O2- production by resident macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	interleukin-1 alpha	Oryctolagus cuniculus	21-31
8412126-6	1993	Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) stimulated phorbol ester-induced O2- production by resident macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	82-109
8412126-6	1993	Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) stimulated phorbol ester-induced O2- production by resident macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	tumor necrosis factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	111-120
8264660-0	1993	Phorbol ester stimulates the synthesis and secretion of brain natriuretic peptide from neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes: a comparison with the regulation of atrial natriuretic factor.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	natriuretic peptide B	Rattus norvegicus	56-81
8264660-1	1993	During left ventricular hypertrophy, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA levels increase, possibly due to stretch-induced activation of protein kinase C. Phorbol ester treatment of primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes represents an in vitro model of hypertrophic cell growth and has previously been shown to stimulate ANF synthesis and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	natriuretic peptide B	Rattus norvegicus	37-62
8413211-2	1993	NF-kappa B activity is induced by numerous stimuli, such as phorbol esters, B- and T-cell mitogens, the cytokines tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1, and serum growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
8264660-1	1993	During left ventricular hypertrophy, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA levels increase, possibly due to stretch-induced activation of protein kinase C. Phorbol ester treatment of primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes represents an in vitro model of hypertrophic cell growth and has previously been shown to stimulate ANF synthesis and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	natriuretic peptide B	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
8264660-1	1993	During left ventricular hypertrophy, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA levels increase, possibly due to stretch-induced activation of protein kinase C. Phorbol ester treatment of primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes represents an in vitro model of hypertrophic cell growth and has previously been shown to stimulate ANF synthesis and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	73-98
8264660-1	1993	During left ventricular hypertrophy, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA levels increase, possibly due to stretch-induced activation of protein kinase C. Phorbol ester treatment of primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes represents an in vitro model of hypertrophic cell growth and has previously been shown to stimulate ANF synthesis and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
8264660-1	1993	During left ventricular hypertrophy, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA levels increase, possibly due to stretch-induced activation of protein kinase C. Phorbol ester treatment of primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes represents an in vitro model of hypertrophic cell growth and has previously been shown to stimulate ANF synthesis and secretion.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	375-378
8413223-3	1993	Mutation of the NF-kappa B site in the context of the IL-1 beta promoter reduced the responsiveness of the IL-1 beta promoter to various inducers, including phorbol ester, Sendai virus, poly(rI-rC), and IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	16-26
8413223-3	1993	Mutation of the NF-kappa B site in the context of the IL-1 beta promoter reduced the responsiveness of the IL-1 beta promoter to various inducers, including phorbol ester, Sendai virus, poly(rI-rC), and IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	54-63
7692444-9	1993	Surprisingly, activation of alpha 4 beta 1 on L1-2 cells with phorbol ester or Mn2+ allows blocking of alpha 4 beta 1-mediated adhesion of L1-2 cells to endothelial cells with mAb 9EG7.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	skull development traits QTL 2	Mus musculus	46-50
8413223-3	1993	Mutation of the NF-kappa B site in the context of the IL-1 beta promoter reduced the responsiveness of the IL-1 beta promoter to various inducers, including phorbol ester, Sendai virus, poly(rI-rC), and IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	107-116
8413223-3	1993	Mutation of the NF-kappa B site in the context of the IL-1 beta promoter reduced the responsiveness of the IL-1 beta promoter to various inducers, including phorbol ester, Sendai virus, poly(rI-rC), and IL-1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	107-116
8413223-5	1993	When multiple copies of the IL-1 beta NF-kappa B site were linked to an enhancerless simian virus 40 promoter, this element was able to mediate phorbol ester- or lipopolysaccharide-inducible gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	28-37
8413223-5	1993	When multiple copies of the IL-1 beta NF-kappa B site were linked to an enhancerless simian virus 40 promoter, this element was able to mediate phorbol ester- or lipopolysaccharide-inducible gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	38-48
8272382-7	1993	Incubation with phorbol ester (exogenous activation of protein kinase C) reduced apical Na/H exchange activity (OK and OK/NHE1 cells) but had only a moderate, inhibitory effect on basolateral Na/H exchange activity (OK/NHE1 cells).	Phorbol Esters	16-29	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	122-126
8272382-7	1993	Incubation with phorbol ester (exogenous activation of protein kinase C) reduced apical Na/H exchange activity (OK and OK/NHE1 cells) but had only a moderate, inhibitory effect on basolateral Na/H exchange activity (OK/NHE1 cells).	Phorbol Esters	16-29	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	219-223
7692444-9	1993	Surprisingly, activation of alpha 4 beta 1 on L1-2 cells with phorbol ester or Mn2+ allows blocking of alpha 4 beta 1-mediated adhesion of L1-2 cells to endothelial cells with mAb 9EG7.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	skull development traits QTL 2	Mus musculus	139-143
8376357-4	1993	In rat adipocytes, CD also enhanced the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC)-beta to the plasma membrane during the action of phorbol esters, which alone had little or no effect on this specific PKC translocation.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	57-84
8396805-10	1993	The response to the phorbol ester TPA also required a cooperation of M33 and AP1.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	77-80
8376357-4	1993	In rat adipocytes, CD also enhanced the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC)-beta to the plasma membrane during the action of phorbol esters, which alone had little or no effect on this specific PKC translocation.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
8376357-5	1993	Although it is uncertain how CD alters the function of plasma membranes to enhance the translocation of PKC-beta to, and the activation of glucose transporters within, this subcellular fraction during phorbol ester treatment, our findings provide direct support for a two-step model in the activation of glucose transport.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	104-112
8366094-11	1993	Okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A that is known to stimulate Glut 4 translocation, caused the same movement of Rab4 from low density microsomal fraction to the cytosol, while the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	79-85
8103520-6	1993	However, the phosphorylation of GC-C was promoted by phorbol esters, known activators of protein kinase C. The activation of purified GC-C by STa required the presence of a nonspecific factor as exemplified by bovine serum albumin.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	guanylate cyclase 2C	Homo sapiens	32-36
8103520-6	1993	However, the phosphorylation of GC-C was promoted by phorbol esters, known activators of protein kinase C. The activation of purified GC-C by STa required the presence of a nonspecific factor as exemplified by bovine serum albumin.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	guanylate cyclase 2C	Homo sapiens	134-138
8371761-1	1993	Inducible gene expression in eukaryotes is mainly controlled by the activity of transcriptional activator proteins, such as NF-kappa B (refs 1-3), a factor activated upon treatment of cells with phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	124-134
8379928-4	1993	Both v-Src- and phorbol ester-induced PLD activity could be detected when phospholipids were prelabelled with either radiolabelled myristate or palmitate; however, only phorbol ester-induced PLD activity could be detected when either arachidonate or 1-O-alkyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (alkyl-lysoPC) was used to prelabel the phospholipids.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	7-10
8414980-5	1993	Consistent with the presence of these conserved sequences, we found that transcription of the HMG-I(Y) gene is inducible in human lymphoid cells by factors such as phorbol esters and calcium ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	high mobility group AT-hook 1	Homo sapiens	94-102
8376764-3	1993	Unstimulated cultures showed spontaneous apoptosis increasing gradually and monotonically from < 2 to 32% of B cells by 16 h. The rate of accumulation of apoptotic cells was reduced by the addition of IL-4 or PMA, but not by the inactive phorbol ester, 4 alpha PDD.	Phorbol Esters	241-254	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	204-208
7689566-5	1993	266, 10319-10323), we found that treatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), reduced CFTR mRNA levels by approximately 80% with a t 1/2 of approximately 2 h. Chloride secretion, measured as forskolin-induced short circuit current, was also abolished by PMA with a t 1/2 of approximately 2 h. Levels of mature glycosylated CFTR measured by Western blotting also declined to 50 +/- 8% (n = 7) of control after a 12-h PMA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	108-112
7689566-5	1993	266, 10319-10323), we found that treatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), reduced CFTR mRNA levels by approximately 80% with a t 1/2 of approximately 2 h. Chloride secretion, measured as forskolin-induced short circuit current, was also abolished by PMA with a t 1/2 of approximately 2 h. Levels of mature glycosylated CFTR measured by Western blotting also declined to 50 +/- 8% (n = 7) of control after a 12-h PMA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	CF transmembrane conductance regulator	Homo sapiens	345-349
7690250-2	1993	In the present study, inhibition of protein kinase C with calphostin C or stauroporine or prolonged treatment with the phorbol ester TPA decreased phosphorylation of P-glycoprotein, and impaired transport of vinblastine.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	166-180
8371761-1	1993	Inducible gene expression in eukaryotes is mainly controlled by the activity of transcriptional activator proteins, such as NF-kappa B (refs 1-3), a factor activated upon treatment of cells with phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	195-209	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	231-277
8396890-3	1993	Among several types of cultured cells examined, endothelial cells from the rat aorta (RAEC) responded to phorbol ester or angiotensin II with an 8- to 20-fold increase in the PMCA messages, while endothelial cells from the brain resistant vessel (RVEC) exhibited minimal (0- to 2-fold) response to these agonists.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 2	Rattus norvegicus	175-179
8264963-2	1993	This putative new high-molecular weight isoform, which we are calling PKC (HMW), is increased in the membrane fraction either upon application of phorbol esters or with afferent synaptic stimulation of Schaffer collaterals in hippocampal slices.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
8241020-0	1993	Phorbol esters regulate preprogastrin-releasing peptide messenger RNA in small cell lung cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	gastrin	Homo sapiens	24-37
8103745-6	1993	The proliferation of mouse splenocytes activated by phorbol ester and IL-12 was inhibited by IL-12p40, whereas the proliferation induced by phorbol ester and IL-2 was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	interleukin 12b	Mus musculus	93-101
7689953-7	1993	Hydrolysis of [125I]IGFBP-4 to 18,000 and 14,000 mol wt fragments also was prevented in HFCM from cells treated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	117-131	insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	20-27
7689953-9	1993	Treatment of cells with actinomycin-D or cycloheximide could prevent a phorbol ester-induced block of IGF-dependent IGFBP-4 proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	116-123
7689953-0	1993	Phorbol ester tumor promoters regulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	39-83
7689953-6	1993	In contrast, IGFBP-4 levels were maintained when HFCM from cells treated with phorbol ester tumor promoters was incubated with IGF-II under cell-free conditions.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	13-20
8375387-4	1993	Phorbol-ester-mediated megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells is accompanied by more than 200-fold increase in the c-sis mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	121-126
7689953-10	1993	These data suggest that phorbol ester tumor promoters stimulate human fibroblasts to produce and secrete an inhibitor of the IGFBP-4 proteolytic reaction.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	125-132
8359233-0	1993	Posttranscriptional regulation of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and CSF-1 receptor gene expression during inhibition of phorbol-ester-induced monocytic differentiation by dexamethasone and cyclosporin A: potential involvement of a destabilizing protein.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
8359233-0	1993	Posttranscriptional regulation of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and CSF-1 receptor gene expression during inhibition of phorbol-ester-induced monocytic differentiation by dexamethasone and cyclosporin A: potential involvement of a destabilizing protein.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	74-88
8375387-7	1993	The enhancer at -9.9 kb increases c-sis promoter activity by 5-10-fold in K562 cells and DH at that site accompanies phorbol-ester-induced megakaryocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	34-39
8375387-9	1993	Reporter gene analysis predicted that combined activity of the upstream enhancers and the c-sis promoter may result in 100-1000-fold higher promoter activity in phorbol-ester-treated K562 cells compared with untreated cells, which can fully explain the more than 200-fold increase in c-sis mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	90-95
8375387-9	1993	Reporter gene analysis predicted that combined activity of the upstream enhancers and the c-sis promoter may result in 100-1000-fold higher promoter activity in phorbol-ester-treated K562 cells compared with untreated cells, which can fully explain the more than 200-fold increase in c-sis mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	284-289
8360264-4	1993	To this end, hsp28 protein expression was examined during phorbol ester (PMA)-induced macrophage differentiation of the human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemic cell line.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
7694642-2	1993	Isolated GC B cells undergo apoptosis spontaneously when cultured in vitro: such self-destruction can be arrested by protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters and by ligating surface CD40.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	natriuretic peptide receptor 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
7689605-0	1993	Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate down-regulates expression of the c-kit proto-oncogene product.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	84-89
7688788-6	1993	Expression of the BY55 mAb-reactive epitope/molecule is regulated by activation, as short-term culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with phorbol ester induced its downmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	CD160 molecule	Homo sapiens	18-22
8371577-4	1993	A weaker ApoE induction was also observed during phorbol ester-induced myelomonocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	9-13
8360687-6	1993	Cytochalasin-induced nAChR up-regulation is similar in magnitude to, but not additive with, up-regulation of nAChR following chronic exposure to nicotine or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	21-26
7689609-1	1993	Substance P (SP), a tachykinin neuropeptide, has been previously reported to stimulate IL-2 production in murine T cell lines activated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	0-11
7689609-1	1993	Substance P (SP), a tachykinin neuropeptide, has been previously reported to stimulate IL-2 production in murine T cell lines activated with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	87-91
8271527-9	1993	On the contrary, externally administered phorbol ester may act by uncoupling of alpha 1-adrenoceptors to activation of phospholipase C through a pathway different from endogenous diacylglycerol to lead to a selective inhibition of the alpha 1-mediated PIE.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	119-134
8355680-10	1993	2-AP induction did not change mRNA decay rates and differed from the phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate)-induced activation of the protein kinase C-NF-kappa B pathway in its time course and in its requirement for new protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	154-164
8243810-0	1993	Differential involvement of phospholipase A2 in phorbol ester-induced luteinizing hormone and growth hormone release from rat anterior pituitary tissue.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	28-44
7689154-2	1993	Protein phosphorylation appears to play a critical role in uPA gene expression in these cells; protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters cooperate with pp60v-src to synergistically increase uPA mRNA, whereas cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase-activating agents (e.g., 8-bromo cAMP) repress uPA mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Gallus gallus	191-194
7689154-2	1993	Protein phosphorylation appears to play a critical role in uPA gene expression in these cells; protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters cooperate with pp60v-src to synergistically increase uPA mRNA, whereas cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase-activating agents (e.g., 8-bromo cAMP) repress uPA mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Gallus gallus	191-194
7689154-6	1993	Ras and all of the protein tyrosine kinases analyzed, including the v-erbB product, but none of the nuclear oncoproteins sensitized cells to phorbol ester induction of uPA gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Gallus gallus	168-171
8397429-11	1993	Phorbol ester (TPA) and calcium ionophore A23187 also caused a rapid but transient c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	15-18
8397429-11	1993	Phorbol ester (TPA) and calcium ionophore A23187 also caused a rapid but transient c-fos expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	83-88
8395841-2	1993	Phorbol esters stimulated the release of beta-APP in all cells examined.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	41-49
8395841-3	1993	However, differentiated PC12 cells were much more sensitive to phorbol ester treatment than nondifferentiated PC12 cells and their beta-APP release was also induced by the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid and the Ca(++)-ionophore A23187.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	131-139
7689839-6	1993	In contrast, TGF-beta enhances iNOS induction by phorbol ester, serum or lipopolysaccharide in 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	13-21
7689839-6	1993	In contrast, TGF-beta enhances iNOS induction by phorbol ester, serum or lipopolysaccharide in 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	31-35
8395841-4	1993	In contrast, beta-APP release from B104 cells was strongly stimulated by A23187 and to lesser degree by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	13-21
8394332-6	1993	Basal and guanosine 5"-gamma-(thio)triphosphate/fMLP-stimulated increases in PI3K activity were resistant to changes in free calcium concentrations, staurosporine, acute treatment with phorbol esters, and evidently to permeabilization.	Phorbol Esters	185-199	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
8349693-1	1993	Phorbol ester treatment of 32P-labeled retinas results in a light-dependent alteration in the phosphorylation state of rhodopsin.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	119-128
8349693-7	1993	Partial proteolysis revealed that phorbol esters alter the phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of rhodopsin.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	110-119
8349693-8	1993	Rhodopsin is the major protein whose phosphorylation state is affected significantly by phorbol esters in situ, although a number of rod outer segment cytosolic and membrane proteins are phosphorylated by protein kinase C in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	88-102	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	0-9
8394339-0	1993	Regulation of expression of the CYP11A (P450scc) gene in bovine ovarian luteal cells by forskolin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	32-38
8394339-0	1993	Regulation of expression of the CYP11A (P450scc) gene in bovine ovarian luteal cells by forskolin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	40-47
8349679-2	1993	We have previously defined the elements within the TcR beta gene enhancer responsible for increased transcription in response to phorbol esters, which mimic part of the pathway for T cell activation.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	T cell receptor beta locus	Homo sapiens	51-59
7688350-6	1993	Since several phorbol-ester response elements are present in the MMP-9 promoter, we determined the role of protein-kinase-C pathways in the regulation of MMP-9 expression in cultured SCC.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	65-70
8344897-0	1993	Effects of phorbol ester on mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase activity in wild-type and phorbol ester-resistant EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	118-121
8356058-6	1993	Stimulation of T lymphocytes with phorbol ester leads to phosphorylation of Ly-GDI, suggesting an involvement of Ly-GDI in lymphocyte activation pathways.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	76-82
8356058-6	1993	Stimulation of T lymphocytes with phorbol ester leads to phosphorylation of Ly-GDI, suggesting an involvement of Ly-GDI in lymphocyte activation pathways.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	113-119
7688567-0	1993	Regulation of an epitope-tagged recombinant Rsk-1 S6 kinase by phorbol ester and erk/MAP kinase.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A1	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
8347169-2	1993	The thrombin-induced expression of PPET-1 mRNA was markedly inhibited by calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) induced the expression of PPET-1 mRNA dose-dependently, but 4 alpha-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate, an inactive enantiomer of phorbol ester, had no effect on the expression of PPET-1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	293-306	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	4-12
8344897-2	1993	Treatment of wild-type EL4 cells with phorbol ester results in the rapid activations of MAPK and pp90rsk kinase, a substrate for MAPK, while neither kinase is activated in response to phorbol ester in variant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	209-212
8347169-2	1993	The thrombin-induced expression of PPET-1 mRNA was markedly inhibited by calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) induced the expression of PPET-1 mRNA dose-dependently, but 4 alpha-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate, an inactive enantiomer of phorbol ester, had no effect on the expression of PPET-1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	293-306	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	35-41
8344897-2	1993	Treatment of wild-type EL4 cells with phorbol ester results in the rapid activations of MAPK and pp90rsk kinase, a substrate for MAPK, while neither kinase is activated in response to phorbol ester in variant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	23-26
8344897-1	1993	Phorbol ester-sensitive and -resistant EL4 thymoma cell lines differ in their ability to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	39-42
8344897-4	1993	Phosphorylation of a 40-kDa substrate, identified as MAPK, was observed following in vitro phosphorylation reactions using cytosolic extracts or Mono Q column fractions prepared from phorbol ester-treated wild-type EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	215-218
8347169-2	1993	The thrombin-induced expression of PPET-1 mRNA was markedly inhibited by calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) induced the expression of PPET-1 mRNA dose-dependently, but 4 alpha-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate, an inactive enantiomer of phorbol ester, had no effect on the expression of PPET-1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	293-306	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	166-169
8347169-2	1993	The thrombin-induced expression of PPET-1 mRNA was markedly inhibited by calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) induced the expression of PPET-1 mRNA dose-dependently, but 4 alpha-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate, an inactive enantiomer of phorbol ester, had no effect on the expression of PPET-1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	293-306	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	197-203
8344897-9	1993	These results indicate that the failure of variant EL4 cells to activate MAP kinase in response to phorbol ester is due to a failure to activate MAPKK.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	51-54
8347169-2	1993	The thrombin-induced expression of PPET-1 mRNA was markedly inhibited by calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) induced the expression of PPET-1 mRNA dose-dependently, but 4 alpha-phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate, an inactive enantiomer of phorbol ester, had no effect on the expression of PPET-1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	293-306	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	197-203
8344897-1	1993	Phorbol ester-sensitive and -resistant EL4 thymoma cell lines differ in their ability to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	39-42
8344897-10	1993	Therefore, the step that confers phorbol ester resistance to variant EL4 cells lies between the activation of protein kinase C and the activation of MAPKK.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	69-72
8344897-2	1993	Treatment of wild-type EL4 cells with phorbol ester results in the rapid activations of MAPK and pp90rsk kinase, a substrate for MAPK, while neither kinase is activated in response to phorbol ester in variant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	23-26
7687659-7	1993	Prolonged treatment with phorbol esters depleted the cells of protein kinase C alpha and epsilon, but not zeta.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	62-84
8344386-2	1993	PKC activity is stimulated physiologically by diacylglycerol and experimentally by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
8344386-3	1993	Long-term exposure of human neuroblastoma cells to phorbol esters results in down-regulation of PKC activity and induction of neuronal differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	96-99
8263960-6	1993	In the presence of the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine, both the agonist and phorbol ester induced decreases in ET-1 mediated PI turnover were reversed.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	endothelin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	121-125
8368285-6	1993	Adrenocorticotropic hormone desensitization or prolonged phorbol ester stimulation of PKC resulting in desensitization also resulted in the abolition of the ET-1-mediated ANG II potentiation of aldosterone secretion.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	157-161
8232304-8	1993	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, down-regulated the promoter activity by more than 80% and completely inhibited hTBG synthesis, whereas thyroid hormone, glucocorticoid, estrogen, and nicotinic acid had little, if any, effect.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	serpin family A member 7	Homo sapiens	136-140
8360591-5	1993	The phosphorylation of p14 by a chemoattractant and by a phorbol ester is a novel finding supporting the current belief that p8,14 myeloid protein may play an important role in the metabolism of myeloid cells.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	ribonuclease P/MRP subunit p14	Homo sapiens	23-26
7901101-0	1993	An early and transient period of protein synthesis is required for induction of neuropeptide Y-mRNA by phorbol ester and forskolin in aggregate cultures of fetal brain cells.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	80-94
7901101-1	1993	We have previously shown that both forskolin (F) and phorbol ester (P) induce neuropeptide Y (NPY) production by aggregate cultures formed from dissociated fetal rat brains.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	78-92
7901101-1	1993	We have previously shown that both forskolin (F) and phorbol ester (P) induce neuropeptide Y (NPY) production by aggregate cultures formed from dissociated fetal rat brains.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
8397306-4	1993	Phorbol ester, a direct activator of protein kinase C (PKC), caused an increase in the NGF synthesis/secretion.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	87-90
8224526-0	1993	Regulation of CYP11A gene expression in bovine ovarian granulosa cells in primary culture by cAMP and phorbol esters is conferred by a common cis-acting element.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial	Bos taurus	14-20
8224526-4	1993	As a first step we characterized the bovine granulosa cell cultures with regard to regulation of P450scc activity and mRNA levels upon treatment with forskolin and/or the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Bos taurus	185-188
8340406-5	1993	When R6-PKC3 cells were treated with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 30 min, staining with fim-1 or anti-PKC beta 1 revealed a dramatic translocation of PKC to the cell periphery.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	FIM1	Homo sapiens	119-124
8336714-5	1993	It was found that phorbol myristate acetate, (PMA) which is a potent stimulant of phorbol ester-sensitive PKC isotypes, activates NF-kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	130-140
8336949-0	1993	Synergistic increase of phorbol ester-induced c-fos mRNA expression by retinoic acid through stabilization of the c-fos message.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	46-51
8336949-0	1993	Synergistic increase of phorbol ester-induced c-fos mRNA expression by retinoic acid through stabilization of the c-fos message.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	114-119
8391923-3	1993	In vitro FAP induction is observed in proliferating cultured fibroblasts and in melanocytes grown with fibroblast growth factor and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	fibroblast activation protein alpha	Homo sapiens	9-12
8393447-3	1993	Two sites phosphorylated on the EGF receptor in response to phorbol esters are possible mediators of this effect: threonine 654, the target of protein kinase C, and threonine 669, the target of MAP kinase and the major site of phosphorylation on the EGF receptor.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	epidermal growth factor receptor	Cricetulus griseus	32-44
8393447-3	1993	Two sites phosphorylated on the EGF receptor in response to phorbol esters are possible mediators of this effect: threonine 654, the target of protein kinase C, and threonine 669, the target of MAP kinase and the major site of phosphorylation on the EGF receptor.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	epidermal growth factor receptor	Cricetulus griseus	250-262
8341690-1	1993	The c-fos protooncogene is transcriptionally activated by a wide variety of agents including serum, growth factors, and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	120-134	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	4-9
8328965-4	1993	Treatment of THP-1 cells for 1-72 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) led to a stable enzyme activation, which was also found after partial purification of PLA2 from PMA-stimulated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	13-18
7694073-0	1993	Relevance of c-fos proto-oncogene induction for the steroidogenic response to ACTH, dcAMP and phorbol ester in adrenocortical cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	13-18
8323287-0	1993	Phorbol ester and epidermal growth factor enhance the expression of two inducible prostaglandin H synthase genes in rat tracheal epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	pterin-4 alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-106
8340422-4	1993	c-Raf-1 activation is also induced by insulin, phorbol ester, thrombin, and endothelin.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	0-7
8328965-4	1993	Treatment of THP-1 cells for 1-72 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) led to a stable enzyme activation, which was also found after partial purification of PLA2 from PMA-stimulated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	183-187
8328965-4	1993	Treatment of THP-1 cells for 1-72 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) led to a stable enzyme activation, which was also found after partial purification of PLA2 from PMA-stimulated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	208-213
8398898-0	1993	Inhibition of phosphorylation of p160 BCR within p210 BCR-ABL complexes during early stages of phorbol ester-induced differentiation of K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	MYB binding protein 1a	Homo sapiens	33-37
7689939-6	1993	Two antibodies to human P-selectin KC4.1 and AC1.2 crossreacted with canine platelets whose surface binding, in response to agonists thrombin, calcium ionophore (A23187), phorbol esters and ADP, was similar.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	selectin P	Canis lupus familiaris	24-34
8330310-4	1993	In the presence of a phorbol ester able to activate protein kinase C, TPA, the three Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors induced Jurkat cells to synthesize large amounts of interleukin-2 demonstrating that early signal transduction mechanisms can be bypassed by Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	70-73
8330310-4	1993	In the presence of a phorbol ester able to activate protein kinase C, TPA, the three Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors induced Jurkat cells to synthesize large amounts of interleukin-2 demonstrating that early signal transduction mechanisms can be bypassed by Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	162-175
8398898-0	1993	Inhibition of phosphorylation of p160 BCR within p210 BCR-ABL complexes during early stages of phorbol ester-induced differentiation of K562 cells.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-61
8403464-0	1993	Effects of colchicine on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase and its gene expression by the phorbol ester tumour promoter.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	42-65
8403464-1	1993	The activity and gene expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, an indicator of tumour promotion) were induced by the phorbol ester tumour promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	36-59
8403464-1	1993	The activity and gene expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, an indicator of tumour promotion) were induced by the phorbol ester tumour promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), in mouse skin.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	61-64
7689939-6	1993	Two antibodies to human P-selectin KC4.1 and AC1.2 crossreacted with canine platelets whose surface binding, in response to agonists thrombin, calcium ionophore (A23187), phorbol esters and ADP, was similar.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1587	Homo sapiens	45-48
8398898-1	1993	The kinase activity of the BCR-ABL gene product is known to be down-regulated in K562 cells treated with low concentrations of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	131-144	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	27-34
8392931-7	1993	Long-term phorbol ester treatment blocks bradykinin-induced activation of PLD and consequent bisPA formation, thereby unveiling rapid formation of DG.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	41-51
8392931-7	1993	Long-term phorbol ester treatment blocks bradykinin-induced activation of PLD and consequent bisPA formation, thereby unveiling rapid formation of DG.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	74-77
8366143-0	1993	Phorbol ester activation of functional rat protein kinase C beta-1 causes phenotype in yeast.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	43-66
8319766-9	1993	The c-jun gene is expressed constitutively and both IL2 and phorbol esters induce the expression of c-fos to generate a functional AP1 capable of repressing cell death.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	4-9
8319766-9	1993	The c-jun gene is expressed constitutively and both IL2 and phorbol esters induce the expression of c-fos to generate a functional AP1 capable of repressing cell death.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	100-105
8319766-9	1993	The c-jun gene is expressed constitutively and both IL2 and phorbol esters induce the expression of c-fos to generate a functional AP1 capable of repressing cell death.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	131-134
8225408-5	1993	mIL-1 alpha is upregulated, both in leukemic and normal lymphocytes, in response to sIgM cross-linking with SAC or phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	0-11
8326007-6	1993	ANG II-induced ppET-1 gene expression was completely blocked by protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 or by down-regulation of endogenous protein kinase C by pretreatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
8100776-2	1993	Antibody crosslinking of CD69 in the presence of phorbol ester results in cellular activation events including proliferation and the induction of specific genes.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	25-29
8391006-1	1993	Although a weak direct stimulus of superoxide anion (O2-) production, platelet-activating factor (PAF) markedly enhances responses to chemotactic peptides (such as n-formyl-met-leu-phe, FMLP) and phorbol esters (such as phorbol myristate acetate, PMA) in human neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	196-210	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	70-96
8326007-6	1993	ANG II-induced ppET-1 gene expression was completely blocked by protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 or by down-regulation of endogenous protein kinase C by pretreatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	169-182	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-21
8366143-5	1993	Phorbol ester activation of PKC beta-1 in vivo results in biological responses which include stimulation of extracellular calcium uptake, changes in cell morphology, and an increase in the cell doubling time.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	28-36
8391006-1	1993	Although a weak direct stimulus of superoxide anion (O2-) production, platelet-activating factor (PAF) markedly enhances responses to chemotactic peptides (such as n-formyl-met-leu-phe, FMLP) and phorbol esters (such as phorbol myristate acetate, PMA) in human neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	196-210	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	98-101
8366145-0	1993	Novel phorbol ester response region in the collagenase promoter binds Fos and Jun.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	proto-oncogene c-Fos	Oryctolagus cuniculus	70-73
8327146-5	1993	There was also a significant decrease in the levels of PKC in the membranous fraction of AD brains, as measured by radioactive phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	55-58
8369483-3	1993	To distinguish between these possibilities we explored aspects of NMDA receptor regulation using phorbol ester to activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	97-110	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	123-139
8234023-5	1993	Phorbol ester beta-phorphol-12-myristate-13-acetate and phospholipase C were potent stimulants of motilin release.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	motilin	Canis lupus familiaris	98-105
8369483-3	1993	To distinguish between these possibilities we explored aspects of NMDA receptor regulation using phorbol ester to activate protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	97-110	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	141-144
8323980-4	1993	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradeconoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), cannot support growth of these cells, is a more effective inducer than insulin of c-fos, c-myc, c-jun, jun-B, Krox-20, Krox 24, fra-1 and JE, and induces fra-1, JE and c-myc with different kinetics from those of insulin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	transcription factor jun-B	Cricetulus griseus	166-171
8323980-4	1993	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradeconoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), cannot support growth of these cells, is a more effective inducer than insulin of c-fos, c-myc, c-jun, jun-B, Krox-20, Krox 24, fra-1 and JE, and induces fra-1, JE and c-myc with different kinetics from those of insulin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	275-282
8318020-2	1993	We used three different stimuli which are well known to enhance ornithine decarboxylase activity in their appropriate target tissues: (i) testosterone in female kidney, (ii) a phorbol ester in epidermis and (iii) partial hepatectomy in liver.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	64-87
8414190-5	1993	The expression of c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, and NGFI-A mRNA are rapidly induced in cultured astrocytes after treatment with phorbol ester, epidermal growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
8414190-5	1993	The expression of c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, and NGFI-A mRNA are rapidly induced in cultured astrocytes after treatment with phorbol ester, epidermal growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
8414190-5	1993	The expression of c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, and NGFI-A mRNA are rapidly induced in cultured astrocytes after treatment with phorbol ester, epidermal growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-49
8354345-0	1993	Evidence that protein kinase C alpha has reduced affinity towards 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol: the effects of lipid activators on phorbol ester binding and kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	14-36
8318020-5	1993	The human transgene-derived ornithine decarboxylase activity in kidney was unaffected by testosterone treatment, but responded in skin to application of the phorbol ester and likewise was clearly enhanced in regenerating liver.	Phorbol Esters	157-170	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	28-51
8318020-7	1993	The phorbol ester enhanced the accumulation of mouse endogenous ornithine decarboxylase mRNA and also that derived from the human transgene; however, the enzyme activity was stimulated in regenerating liver without appreciable changes in the levels of endogenous or transgene-derived message.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	64-87
7687344-2	1993	Like c-fos, fra-2 was inducible by phorbol ester, cAMP and calcium ionophore, as well as serum.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	FOS like 2, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Gallus gallus	12-17
8504157-0	1993	Phospholipase D activity of human amnion cells stimulated with phorbol ester and bradykinin.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	0-15
8390664-6	1993	The finding that dibutyryl cAMP elicited a time-dependent trk induction in monocytes as well as in phorbol ester-differentiated promonocytic U937 cells indicates that adenylate cyclase is involved in monocytic trk regulation.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	210-213
8515062-4	1993	However, mitogenic stimuli that induced IL-2 production or DNA synthesis consistently generated increases in [Ca2+]i in individual T cells that were sustained for 1 to 2 h. Soluble mAb to CD3 induced an increase in [Ca2+]i that remained elevated at 60 min and led to IL-2 production and proliferation upon costimulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	323-336	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	40-44
8499485-0	1993	Phorbol ester treatment of two megakaryoblastic cell lines, CMK and UT-7, induces specific protein composition changes with non-coincident time-courses.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9	Homo sapiens	60-63
7685027-0	1993	Inhibition of expression of protein kinase C alpha by antisense cDNA inhibits phorbol ester-mediated arachidonate release.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	protein kinase C alpha	Canis lupus familiaris	28-50
8333537-1	1993	T84 adenocarcinoma cells were stimulated to secrete mucin by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Ca2+ ionophores A23187 and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	52-57
8505313-0	1993	Phorbol ester stimulates the activity of a protein tyrosine phosphatase containing SH2 domains (PTP1C) in HL-60 leukemia cells by increasing gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6	Homo sapiens	96-101
8103344-1	1993	Incubation of the human renal carcinoma cell line CaKi-1 with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) strongly stimulated the immunocytochemical expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	212-245
8103344-0	1993	Role of protein kinase C during interferon-gamma- and phorbol ester-stimulated immunocytochemical expression of ICAM-1 in human renal carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	112-118
8103344-1	1993	Incubation of the human renal carcinoma cell line CaKi-1 with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or the phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) strongly stimulated the immunocytochemical expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	247-253
8495413-4	1993	These observations suggested that prostratin and dPP would function as inhibitors of phorbol ester tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	decapentaplegic	Drosophila melanogaster	49-52
8099849-6	1993	When activated through the TCR/CD3 pathway, the CD2 pathway, or directly by the phorbol ester, PMA, the memory (CD26+) T cells showed an increased proliferative response that was inhibited by the pkC inhibitor, staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	112-116
8395652-6	1993	Activation of protein kinase C with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate decreased TRHR mRNA by about 40% in 4 h. Elevation of [Ca2+]i with ionomycin decreased TRHR mRNA by about 25%.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	thyrotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	102-106
8495556-0	1993	Regulation of insulin-like growth factor I receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells by growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	myotrophin	Rattus norvegicus	27-40
8495556-10	1993	Thus, acute PKC activation by phorbol esters inhibits IGF I binding, whereas chronic PKC activation increases IGF I binding.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
8500265-6	1993	In addition, the number of circulating CD4+DR+ T cells correlated negatively with the in vitro IL-2 production induced by phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester by freshly isolated CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	39-42
8500265-6	1993	In addition, the number of circulating CD4+DR+ T cells correlated negatively with the in vitro IL-2 production induced by phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester by freshly isolated CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
8500265-6	1993	In addition, the number of circulating CD4+DR+ T cells correlated negatively with the in vitro IL-2 production induced by phytohemagglutinin and phorbol ester by freshly isolated CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	179-182
8500271-4	1993	In the present manuscript we provide evidence that soluble monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to CD3 or the T-cell receptor (TCR), similar to the phorbol esters, can induce IL-2 production and cell proliferation in competent but not resting T cells.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	167-171
8388421-11	1993	Finally, the IL-4 pathway, but not the CT pathway, was sensitive to phorbol esters: In IL-4 plus LPS-stimulated B cell cultures IgG1 production was almost completely blocked by PMA.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	13-17
8388421-11	1993	Finally, the IL-4 pathway, but not the CT pathway, was sensitive to phorbol esters: In IL-4 plus LPS-stimulated B cell cultures IgG1 production was almost completely blocked by PMA.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	87-91
8388421-11	1993	Finally, the IL-4 pathway, but not the CT pathway, was sensitive to phorbol esters: In IL-4 plus LPS-stimulated B cell cultures IgG1 production was almost completely blocked by PMA.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	LOC105243590	Mus musculus	128-132
7688579-0	1993	Regulation of two forms of the TNF receptors by phorbol ester and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate in human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	31-34
8502244-1	1993	The cell surface expression of the CD32 receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (Fc gamma RII-CD32) is regulated by agents such as phorbol esters (PMA) and cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	35-39
8502244-1	1993	The cell surface expression of the CD32 receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (Fc gamma RII-CD32) is regulated by agents such as phorbol esters (PMA) and cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	140-154	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	103-107
8500271-9	1993	This implies that in activated T cells there is a step between activation of the CD3-TCR complex and the point(s) of action of phorbol ester that is susceptible to CsA in activated cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	85-88
8500271-10	1993	Alternatively, the data may indicate involvement of different regulatory elements with different sensitivities to CsA for the induction of IL-2 transcription by phorbol ester or antibodies to the CD3-TCR complex.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	139-143
7688579-2	1993	In the present report, we investigated the effects of phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP on the regulation of the transcript for each type of TNF receptor in U-937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	140-143
7688579-7	1993	As demonstrated by actinomycin D pulse-chase experiment, the mRNA for the p80 receptor was found to be highly stable with an approximate half-life of 16 h. No significant change in the half-life was observed when cells were treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	237-250	coilin	Homo sapiens	74-77
7688579-8	1993	The mechanisms by which phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP induce the upregulation of p80 receptor mRNA appear to be different.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	coilin	Homo sapiens	84-87
7688579-14	1993	Interestingly, while the p80 form of the TNF receptor mRNA levels was elevated by both phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP, only dibutyryl cAMP increased the TNF binding; phorbol ester treatment decreased the binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	coilin	Homo sapiens	25-28
7688579-14	1993	Interestingly, while the p80 form of the TNF receptor mRNA levels was elevated by both phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP, only dibutyryl cAMP increased the TNF binding; phorbol ester treatment decreased the binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-44
7688579-14	1993	Interestingly, while the p80 form of the TNF receptor mRNA levels was elevated by both phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP, only dibutyryl cAMP increased the TNF binding; phorbol ester treatment decreased the binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	coilin	Homo sapiens	25-28
7688579-14	1993	Interestingly, while the p80 form of the TNF receptor mRNA levels was elevated by both phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP, only dibutyryl cAMP increased the TNF binding; phorbol ester treatment decreased the binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-44
7688579-14	1993	Interestingly, while the p80 form of the TNF receptor mRNA levels was elevated by both phorbol ester and dibutyryl cAMP, only dibutyryl cAMP increased the TNF binding; phorbol ester treatment decreased the binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	155-158
8506364-1	1993	Ser-42 and Ser-59 in the N-terminal region have been identified as the major phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation sites of p56lck.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	124-130
8099446-1	1993	2-Lysophosphatidylcholine and cis-unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids, which are the products of the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4), significantly potentiate the differentiation of HL-60 cells to macrophages that is induced by either a membrane-permeant diacylglycerol or a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	345-358	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	173-189
8503928-0	1993	Phorbol esters induce insulin receptor phosphorylation in transfected fibroblasts without affecting tyrosine kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	22-38
8503928-1	1993	The effects of phorbol ester induced activation of protein kinase C on insulin receptor phosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity have been investigated in transfected fibroblasts expressing high levels of the human insulin receptor.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	71-87
8389129-4	1993	Subsequently, we found a similar pattern of increased phosphorylation following stimulation of A10 cells with mezerein, a phorbol ester derivative which activates PKC, a serine/threonine kinase.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	immunoglobulin kappa variable 6D-21 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	95-98
8388378-0	1993	Isolation and characterization of the human spr1 gene and its regulation of expression by phorbol ester and cyclic AMP.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	psoriasis susceptibility 1 candidate 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
8496137-7	1993	We now show that the rac-GAP activity of n-chimaerin is stimulated by phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidic acid (PA) and that phorbol esters can synergize with PS and PA.	Phorbol Esters	130-144	chimerin 1	Mus musculus	41-52
8496137-9	1993	The phospholipid/phorbol ester modulation of the rac-GAP activity requires the PKC-like cysteine-rich domain of n-chimaerin.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	chimerin 1	Mus musculus	112-123
8496137-10	1993	Thus, n-chimaerin is a novel functional target (distinct from PKC) for both phorbol esters and LPA.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	chimerin 1	Mus musculus	6-17
8389129-4	1993	Subsequently, we found a similar pattern of increased phosphorylation following stimulation of A10 cells with mezerein, a phorbol ester derivative which activates PKC, a serine/threonine kinase.	Phorbol Esters	122-135	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	163-166
8485117-6	1993	Phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, 160 nM) treatment of CHRF-288 and HEL cells for 4 days induced PAI-1 mRNA expression in CHRF-288 cells but not in HEL cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	111-116
8503836-0	1993	Post-transcriptional regulation of apolipoprotein E expression in mouse macrophages by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	35-51
8503836-1	1993	Phorbol ester-mediated differentiation of THP-1 cells (a human monocytic cell line) into mature macrophages is associated with a transcriptional induction of apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression [Auwerx, Deeb, Brunzell, Peng and Chait (1988) Biochemistry 27, 2651-2655].	Phorbol Esters	0-13	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	158-174
8503836-1	1993	Phorbol ester-mediated differentiation of THP-1 cells (a human monocytic cell line) into mature macrophages is associated with a transcriptional induction of apolipoprotein E (apoE) expression [Auwerx, Deeb, Brunzell, Peng and Chait (1988) Biochemistry 27, 2651-2655].	Phorbol Esters	0-13	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	176-180
8503836-5	1993	The present experiments examine the effect of phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, on the apoE expression in mouse thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	102-106
8503836-6	1993	Phorbol ester inhibits apoE expression in a specific, time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	23-27
8503836-7	1993	A 75% inhibition in the rate of apoE secretion, but not that of total protein, was observed following a 4.5 h incubation with 160 nM phorbol ester, although nearly full inhibition was obtained with 40 nM.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	32-36
8503836-11	1993	Although the early changes in apoE synthesis correlate with increased microsomal protein kinase C activity, the suppression of apoE expression persists even during conditions of nearly complete (> 95%) loss of protein kinase C activity, suggesting that the direct or indirect effect of protein kinase C on apoE expression is mediated by a stable phosphorylated protein, or that the observed effects are mediated through a protein kinase C species that is not readily downregulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	487-501	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	127-131
8503836-11	1993	Although the early changes in apoE synthesis correlate with increased microsomal protein kinase C activity, the suppression of apoE expression persists even during conditions of nearly complete (> 95%) loss of protein kinase C activity, suggesting that the direct or indirect effect of protein kinase C on apoE expression is mediated by a stable phosphorylated protein, or that the observed effects are mediated through a protein kinase C species that is not readily downregulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	487-501	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	127-131
7685106-9	1993	We also found that wild-type CD26 (DPPIV+) transfectants produced more IL-2 than mutant CD26 (DPPIV-)-transfected cells or CD26- control transfectants when triggered by stimuli not involving CD26, such as anti-CD3 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	29-33
7685106-9	1993	We also found that wild-type CD26 (DPPIV+) transfectants produced more IL-2 than mutant CD26 (DPPIV-)-transfected cells or CD26- control transfectants when triggered by stimuli not involving CD26, such as anti-CD3 and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	dipeptidyl peptidase 4	Homo sapiens	35-40
7683590-8	1993	Activation through CD40 left inhibition of phorbol ester-induced CD23 expression by staurosporine, RO-31-8220, or glucocorticoid unchecked.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-23
7684481-9	1993	Moreover, the desensitization of the metabotropic glutamate receptor by phorbol ester abolished the increase of BDNF mRNA by quisqualate.	Phorbol Esters	72-85	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	112-116
7683590-8	1993	Activation through CD40 left inhibition of phorbol ester-induced CD23 expression by staurosporine, RO-31-8220, or glucocorticoid unchecked.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	65-69
8504805-0	1993	Rapid phosphorylation of 28-kDa heat-shock protein by treatment with okadaic acid and phorbol ester of BALB/MK-2 mouse keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2	Mus musculus	108-112
7682940-8	1993	The inhibitory effect was not blocked by omission of extracellular Ca++ nor mimicked by the Ca++ ionophore A23187 but was mimicked by a protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester (which had a comparable effect to GnRH on the EC50 for CNP action).	Phorbol Esters	170-183	2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase	Mus musculus	239-242
8482728-7	1993	PKC activated directly with low concentrations of phorbol ester was observed to stimulate fibroblast contraction of collagen gels, in some cases within 30 minutes of exposure.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
8491187-0	1993	Multi-site phosphorylation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP1B: identification of cell cycle regulated and phorbol ester stimulated sites of phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
8491187-9	1993	We also show that stimulation of HeLa cells with the phorbol ester TPA enhances phosphorylation of PTP1B.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	99-104
8491191-3	1993	While PDTC and NAC enhanced DNA binding and transactivation of AP-1 in response to phorbol ester, the oxidant H2O2 suppressed phorbol ester activation of the factor.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	15-18
8491191-3	1993	While PDTC and NAC enhanced DNA binding and transactivation of AP-1 in response to phorbol ester, the oxidant H2O2 suppressed phorbol ester activation of the factor.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	63-67
8491191-3	1993	While PDTC and NAC enhanced DNA binding and transactivation of AP-1 in response to phorbol ester, the oxidant H2O2 suppressed phorbol ester activation of the factor.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	63-67
8491191-9	1993	H2O2 potentiated the activation of NF-kappa B by phorbol ester, while PDTC and NAC suppressed PMA activation of the factor.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	35-45
8509141-7	1993	An increase in CMRF-35 Ag was also seen on phorbol ester and CaI-activated tonsil B cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	CD300c molecule	Homo sapiens	15-22
8513862-2	1993	Treatment of PEM with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor-promoting phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate [TPA]) induces a rapid but transient loss of M-CSF receptors in PEM.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	163-168
8473886-0	1993	Differential effects of a phorbol ester on carboxypeptidase E in cultured astrocytes and AtT-20 cells, a neuroendocrine cell line.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	carboxypeptidase E	Mus musculus	43-61
8098345-7	1993	Other antigen-independent pathways also appeared highly active in the T cells from patients with CTCL because enhanced proliferation relative to anti-TCR/CD3 or mitogenic lectins was found when anti-CD2 or anti-CD28 plus phorbol ester was used as stimulant.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	TSPY like 2	Homo sapiens	97-101
8473886-2	1993	The secretion of CPE enzymatic activity from astrocytes has been shown previously to be increased approximately twofold by treatment with tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	carboxypeptidase E	Mus musculus	17-20
8473900-6	1993	Phorbol ester binding localized PKC to intrinsic neuronal populations and their dendrites in the control and deprived bulbs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
8097876-5	1993	Phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (A23187) stimulated secretion of PST and SMT.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	77-80
7903236-0	1993	[Effect of phorbol ester on protein kinase C and tyrosine protein kinase in human hepatocarcinoma cell line].	Phorbol Esters	11-24	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-44
8479745-5	1993	IL-3 transcripts from the autocrine transformed cell lines had a longer half-life than similar transcripts isolated from either phorbol ester-stimulated T cells or the WEHI-3B myelomonocytic cell line.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	0-4
8385998-0	1993	Activation of myelin basic protein and S6 peptide kinases in phorbol ester- and PAF-treated sheep platelets.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	myelin basic protein	Ovis aries	14-34
8484784-0	1993	Differentiation of monocytoid THP-1 cells with phorbol ester induces expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 (COX-1).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	30-35
8484784-0	1993	Differentiation of monocytoid THP-1 cells with phorbol ester induces expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 (COX-1).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	83-120
8484784-0	1993	Differentiation of monocytoid THP-1 cells with phorbol ester induces expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 (COX-1).	Phorbol Esters	47-60	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	122-127
8484784-2	1993	It has been shown previously that phorbol ester-induced differentiation of the THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cell line is accompanied by induction of PGH synthase enzyme and enhanced capacity to produce prostaglandins.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	79-84
8484784-4	1993	Northern and Western analyses revealed a dramatic increase in levels of PGH synthase-1 mRNA and protein levels within 24 hr after treatment of THP-1 cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	72-86
8484784-4	1993	Northern and Western analyses revealed a dramatic increase in levels of PGH synthase-1 mRNA and protein levels within 24 hr after treatment of THP-1 cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	143-148
8467904-0	1993	Over-expression of protein kinase C-alpha enhances platelet-derived growth factor- and phorbol ester- but not calcium ionophore-induced formation of prostaglandins in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	19-41
8467904-1	1993	Over-expression of human protein kinase C-alpha in murine NIH 3T3 fibroblasts is associated with an increased platelet-derived growth factor- and phorbol ester-mediated formation of prostaglandins, whereas the calcium ionophore-induced release of arachidonic acid metabolites is unaffected; however, the differences of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin formation are much more pronounced with platelet-derived growth factor than with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	25-47
7682708-3	1993	This report describes a gene, MCL1, that we isolated from the ML-1 human myeloid leukemia cell line during phorbol ester-induced differentiation along the monocyte/macrophage pathway.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	30-34
8467904-1	1993	Over-expression of human protein kinase C-alpha in murine NIH 3T3 fibroblasts is associated with an increased platelet-derived growth factor- and phorbol ester-mediated formation of prostaglandins, whereas the calcium ionophore-induced release of arachidonic acid metabolites is unaffected; however, the differences of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin formation are much more pronounced with platelet-derived growth factor than with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	435-448	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	25-47
8280202-8	1993	Binding of monocytic cells and peripheral blood T lymphocytes to the Hep II domain could be induced by several agents: first, long (48-h) and short (20-min) treatment with phorbol esters; second, cell incubation with the divalent cation Mn2+; third, and most effective, cell incubation with the mAb TS2/16, which is directed to the beta 1 integrin subunit.	Phorbol Esters	172-186	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	332-347
8386449-0	1993	Phorbol ester-stimulated exocytosis in lacrimal gland: PKC might not be the sole effector.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
8096406-6	1993	Furthermore, LIF and IL-6 RNA expression in an HTLV-I-infected cell line (MT-2) was enhanced by phorbol ester stimulation via mechanisms that appear to be dependent on the posttranscriptional regulatory controls.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	13-16
8096406-6	1993	Furthermore, LIF and IL-6 RNA expression in an HTLV-I-infected cell line (MT-2) was enhanced by phorbol ester stimulation via mechanisms that appear to be dependent on the posttranscriptional regulatory controls.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	21-25
8443867-1	1993	Protein kinase C-epsilon is a major isotype present, and it is activated by phorbol esters, epinephrine, and endothelin.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	0-24
7916617-11	1993	Steady-state levels of the 3.1 kb transcript of the 72 kDa type IV collagenase were low or undetectable in resting MC, but were greatly stimulated following incubation with IL-beta, TNF-alpha or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	52-78
7681412-0	1993	Phorbol esters induce nitric oxide synthase and increase arginine influx in cultured peritoneal macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	22-43
8507443-4	1993	This same TPA response element appears to be responsible for induction of hANP gene promoter activity by the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	74-78
8392417-0	1993	Phorbol ester induces changes in the synthesis of nuclear polyphosphoinositides and expression of terminal deoxynucleotidil transferase (TdT) in nuclei of KM-3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	137-140
8392417-2	1993	KM-3 cells are lymphoblastoid cells expressing the TdT and when induced to differentiate by phorbol ester (PMA) they loose this enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	51-54
7681401-10	1993	Furthermore, upon exposure to SAC or phorbol esters, the large majority of CD5- B cells from the 50% Percoll fraction did not express surface CD5 and there was very little if any accumulation of CD5 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	75-78
8462457-2	1993	Treatment of fibroblasts with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), thrombin, bradykinin, serotonin, angiotensin-II, or bombesin increased protein kinase-C activity to a similar degree.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	coagulation factor II	Rattus norvegicus	87-95
8462457-2	1993	Treatment of fibroblasts with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), thrombin, bradykinin, serotonin, angiotensin-II, or bombesin increased protein kinase-C activity to a similar degree.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	120-134
8386622-1	1993	In many different cell types treatment with phorbol esters (e.g. 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) leads to the activation of protein-kinase C (PKC) and subsequently to the activation of the activator-protein-1(AP-1)-responsive gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	137-153
8386622-1	1993	In many different cell types treatment with phorbol esters (e.g. 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) leads to the activation of protein-kinase C (PKC) and subsequently to the activation of the activator-protein-1(AP-1)-responsive gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	155-158
8386622-1	1993	In many different cell types treatment with phorbol esters (e.g. 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) leads to the activation of protein-kinase C (PKC) and subsequently to the activation of the activator-protein-1(AP-1)-responsive gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	202-221
8386622-1	1993	In many different cell types treatment with phorbol esters (e.g. 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) leads to the activation of protein-kinase C (PKC) and subsequently to the activation of the activator-protein-1(AP-1)-responsive gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	222-226
8340234-7	1993	The role of PKC on HLA-DR-mediated IL-1 beta induction was further confirmed by the ability of SEB to activate PKC on monocytes directly when measured with labeled phorbol ester ([3H]Pbt2)-binding capacity of whole cells.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	35-44
8340234-7	1993	The role of PKC on HLA-DR-mediated IL-1 beta induction was further confirmed by the ability of SEB to activate PKC on monocytes directly when measured with labeled phorbol ester ([3H]Pbt2)-binding capacity of whole cells.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	SET binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	95-98
8496248-5	1993	Consistent with previous reports by Bustin and co-workers [Crippa et al., 1990], HMG 14 and HMG 17 are expressed in proliferating HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells and downregulated post-proliferatively following phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	214-227	high mobility group nucleosome binding domain 1	Homo sapiens	81-87
8097762-7	1993	When neutrophils were stimulated with phorbol esters or calcium ionophore, CD18 was internalized much more slowly (t1/2 = 5 min) and probe was not reexpressed.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
8455026-10	1993	Moreover, phorbol ester-induced PKC down-regulation was not paralleled by a decrease in Ca(2+)-induced NA release from streptolysin-O-permeated synaptosomes.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
8468368-8	1993	By contrast, the skin tumor-promoting phorbol ester, TPA, or liver tumor promoter, phenobarbital, were without effect or inhibitory at low [Ca2+]o but in combination with EGF, stimulated DNA synthesis at [Ca2+]o > 0.4 mM, suggesting that Ca2+ may have some role in mediating or modulating the stimulatory effects of these agents.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	205-208
8468368-8	1993	By contrast, the skin tumor-promoting phorbol ester, TPA, or liver tumor promoter, phenobarbital, were without effect or inhibitory at low [Ca2+]o but in combination with EGF, stimulated DNA synthesis at [Ca2+]o > 0.4 mM, suggesting that Ca2+ may have some role in mediating or modulating the stimulatory effects of these agents.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	carbonic anhydrase 2	Rattus norvegicus	205-208
8459217-6	1993	Treatment of NOD T cells with a phorbol ester not only enhances their p21ras activity and p42mapk tyrosine phosphorylation but also restores their proliferative responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	70-76
8459217-6	1993	Treatment of NOD T cells with a phorbol ester not only enhances their p21ras activity and p42mapk tyrosine phosphorylation but also restores their proliferative responsiveness.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	90-97
7681075-2	1993	We have recently demonstrated that the interaction of CD2 with CD58 is dynamic: TCR stimulation or treatment with the phorbol ester PMA rapidly up-regulates CD2 ligand avidity, and this regulation requires the carboxyl-terminal asparagine residue of the CD2 cytoplasmic domain.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	54-57
7681075-2	1993	We have recently demonstrated that the interaction of CD2 with CD58 is dynamic: TCR stimulation or treatment with the phorbol ester PMA rapidly up-regulates CD2 ligand avidity, and this regulation requires the carboxyl-terminal asparagine residue of the CD2 cytoplasmic domain.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD58 molecule	Homo sapiens	63-67
7681075-2	1993	We have recently demonstrated that the interaction of CD2 with CD58 is dynamic: TCR stimulation or treatment with the phorbol ester PMA rapidly up-regulates CD2 ligand avidity, and this regulation requires the carboxyl-terminal asparagine residue of the CD2 cytoplasmic domain.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	157-160
7681075-2	1993	We have recently demonstrated that the interaction of CD2 with CD58 is dynamic: TCR stimulation or treatment with the phorbol ester PMA rapidly up-regulates CD2 ligand avidity, and this regulation requires the carboxyl-terminal asparagine residue of the CD2 cytoplasmic domain.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	157-160
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	86-89
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	144-149
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	151-156
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	157-161
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	163-169
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	171-175
7681075-7	1993	The response to both cAMP and phorbol ester treatment distinguishes the regulation of CD2 avidity from that of a second major adhesion pathway, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)/ICAM-1 (CD54) and from that of the TCR coreceptor CD8.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	213-216
8455032-6	1993	The cell-specific translocation of MARCKS appears to correlate with previously demonstrated differential effects of phorbol esters on stimulation of phosphatidylcholine turnover in these two cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	35-41
8496248-5	1993	Consistent with previous reports by Bustin and co-workers [Crippa et al., 1990], HMG 14 and HMG 17 are expressed in proliferating HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells and downregulated post-proliferatively following phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	214-227	high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 2	Homo sapiens	92-98
8096091-3	1993	Phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induction of nuclear NF-kappa B is associated with both the degradation of performed I kappa B alpha and the activation of I kappa B alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	67-77
8390902-5	1993	The nuclear induction of the Ah receptor by TCDD can be inhibited by phorbol esters such as TPA (Okino et al., 1992), but analysis of nuclear TI-1 and TI-2 shows that TPA can selectively inhibit the appearance of TI-1.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	aryl-hydrocarbon receptor	Mus musculus	29-40
7681061-6	1993	Phorbol esters induced IL-1 mRNA, suggesting that activation of protein kinase C was responsible for the accumulation of this mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	23-27
8096091-3	1993	Phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induction of nuclear NF-kappa B is associated with both the degradation of performed I kappa B alpha and the activation of I kappa B alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	131-146
8096091-3	1993	Phorbol ester and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induction of nuclear NF-kappa B is associated with both the degradation of performed I kappa B alpha and the activation of I kappa B alpha gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	169-184
8454604-4	1993	However, in response to phorbol esters, cells overexpressing isoenzymes alpha, beta I, and gamma, but not epsilon or inactive alpha, exhibited 3-4-fold higher levels of insulin receptor phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	169-185
8461313-2	1993	SAA3 is a product of rabbit synovial fibroblasts stimulated with phorbol esters or interleukin-1, and it acts in an autocrine or paracrine manner to induce collagenase in both rabbit and human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	65-79	serum amyloid A-3 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-4
8388998-1	1993	Interaction between protein kinase C (PKC)- and glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated signaling is suggested by the ability of the PKC activating phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to inhibit GR-dependent transcription of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) long terminal repeat (LTR).	Phorbol Esters	146-159	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	48-71
7680653-10	1993	The BAT box and Oct-2 were also implicated in the induction of CD20 in the pre-B cell line, PB-697, via phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	16-21
7680653-10	1993	The BAT box and Oct-2 were also implicated in the induction of CD20 in the pre-B cell line, PB-697, via phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	63-67
7680653-11	1993	The induction of CD20 mRNA was temporally associated with induction of Oct-2 mRNA and a BAT box-deleted CD20-CAT construct, in contrast to the wild type, was poorly induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	104-108
8383675-14	1993	Third, phorbol ester-mediated down-modulation of the TNF receptor was reversible after removal of the agent, but the response mediated through okadaic acid was irreversible.	Phorbol Esters	7-20	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	53-56
8477816-3	1993	By comparing the relative susceptibility of PKC isoenzymes to phorbol ester-induced down-regulation with the down-regulation of the functional cell response, i.e. feedback inhibition of inositol trisphosphate production, we inferred that PKC-alpha and PKC-delta are candidates for regulating phosphoinositide hydrolysis in mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	44-47
8454038-1	1993	The role of protein tyrosine kinases in the expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) gene in response to phorbol esters (PMA) in THP-1 cell line was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	58-76
8454038-1	1993	The role of protein tyrosine kinases in the expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) gene in response to phorbol esters (PMA) in THP-1 cell line was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	109-123	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	78-87
8454058-1	1993	Phorbol esters such as phorbol 12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA) are potent activators of protein kinase C (PKC), and activate all PKC isozymes except zeta and lambda.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	104-107
8454058-1	1993	Phorbol esters such as phorbol 12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA) are potent activators of protein kinase C (PKC), and activate all PKC isozymes except zeta and lambda.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	127-130
8384002-4	1993	In contrast, the activatory effect of insulin on System A was largely inhibited by phospholipase C. The effects of phospholipase C on transport processes differed from the effects provoked by phorbol esters (TPA), indicating that they are not just a consequence of TPA-sensitive protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	192-206	insulin	Homo sapiens	38-45
8449903-4	1993	The level of TIS10/PGS-2 protein peaked between 6 and 8 h following phorbol ester stimulation of cells, then declined to basal levels after 18-24 h. Synthesis of TIS10/PGS-2 protein was dramatically increased in the second hour following mitogen stimulation and remained elevated for several hours.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	13-18
8449903-4	1993	The level of TIS10/PGS-2 protein peaked between 6 and 8 h following phorbol ester stimulation of cells, then declined to basal levels after 18-24 h. Synthesis of TIS10/PGS-2 protein was dramatically increased in the second hour following mitogen stimulation and remained elevated for several hours.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	decorin	Mus musculus	19-24
8449903-4	1993	The level of TIS10/PGS-2 protein peaked between 6 and 8 h following phorbol ester stimulation of cells, then declined to basal levels after 18-24 h. Synthesis of TIS10/PGS-2 protein was dramatically increased in the second hour following mitogen stimulation and remained elevated for several hours.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	162-167
8449903-4	1993	The level of TIS10/PGS-2 protein peaked between 6 and 8 h following phorbol ester stimulation of cells, then declined to basal levels after 18-24 h. Synthesis of TIS10/PGS-2 protein was dramatically increased in the second hour following mitogen stimulation and remained elevated for several hours.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	decorin	Mus musculus	168-173
8477816-3	1993	By comparing the relative susceptibility of PKC isoenzymes to phorbol ester-induced down-regulation with the down-regulation of the functional cell response, i.e. feedback inhibition of inositol trisphosphate production, we inferred that PKC-alpha and PKC-delta are candidates for regulating phosphoinositide hydrolysis in mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	238-247
8477816-3	1993	By comparing the relative susceptibility of PKC isoenzymes to phorbol ester-induced down-regulation with the down-regulation of the functional cell response, i.e. feedback inhibition of inositol trisphosphate production, we inferred that PKC-alpha and PKC-delta are candidates for regulating phosphoinositide hydrolysis in mesangial cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	252-261
8444885-0	1993	Suppression of a cellular differentiation program by phorbol esters coincides with inhibition of binding of a cell-specific transcription factor (NF-E2) to an enhancer element required for expression of an erythroid-specific gene.	Phorbol Esters	53-67	nuclear factor, erythroid 2	Homo sapiens	146-151
8095029-2	1993	Treatment of hepatocytes with EGF in combination with phorbol ester (TPA) resulted in an additive decrease of PEPCK mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-115
7684600-4	1993	Surprisingly, the platelets that contained phosphorylated rap1B were found to respond fully to activation by a wide variety of stimuli: aggregation upon stimulation by collagen, phorbol ester, vasopressin, ADP, epinephrine, and ATP-secretion from dense granules induced by collagen, thrombin-receptor activating peptide, vasopressin and phorbol ester were unchanged as compared to control.	Phorbol Esters	178-191	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-63
8387795-1	1993	Addition of BAPTA/AM to liver macrophages lowered the level of [Ca2+]i and induced a translocation and inactivation of protein kinase C. The phorbol ester- and zymosan-induced release of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2 and superoxide, the formation of inositol phosphates upon addition of zymosan and the lipopolysaccharide-induced synthesis of TNF-alpha was inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with BAPTA/AM.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	348-357
7684600-4	1993	Surprisingly, the platelets that contained phosphorylated rap1B were found to respond fully to activation by a wide variety of stimuli: aggregation upon stimulation by collagen, phorbol ester, vasopressin, ADP, epinephrine, and ATP-secretion from dense granules induced by collagen, thrombin-receptor activating peptide, vasopressin and phorbol ester were unchanged as compared to control.	Phorbol Esters	337-350	RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	58-63
8384549-1	1993	Irradiation of cells with ultraviolet light (UV) leads to modifications of c-Jun resembling those elicited by phorbol esters or oncogenes, and to enhanced transcription of AP-1-dependent genes.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	75-80
8384549-3	1993	A dominant-negative Raf-1 kinase mutant strongly interferes with both phorbol ester and UV-induced AP-1 activation, indicating obligatory involvement of identical components in cytoplasmic signal transduction.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	20-25
8440177-9	1993	To assess the mechanism by which certain phorbol esters stimulated PTH secretion, in situ hybridization for PTH mRNA was performed.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	parathyroid hormone	Bos taurus	67-70
8440177-5	1993	Certain phorbol esters mimic the effect of DAG and cause prolonged stimulation of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	8-22	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	82-85
7679999-7	1993	The relative specificity of the PMA-induced inhibition of Epo production was demonstrated by 1) the finding that overall protein and RNA synthesis were not similarly decreased as measured by 3H-leucine and 3H-uridine pulse labeling studies and 2) the observation that the biologically inactive phorbol ester, 4 alpha-phorbol didecanoate, failed to have any effect on hypoxia-induced Epo production.	Phorbol Esters	294-307	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	58-61
8444174-4	1993	Western-blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical staining and [35S]methionine-labeling experiments suggested a phorbol-ester-dependent early induction of synthesis of TxS.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	thromboxane A synthase 1	Homo sapiens	196-199
8444174-6	1993	Pulse-chase experiments showed a half life for the TxS protein of 16.4 h in both control and phorbol-ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	thromboxane A synthase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
8436593-5	1993	In mRNA decay studies, phorbol esters caused a selective 6-fold increase in the half-life of the GAP-43 mRNA, which accounts for most of the induction of this mRNA by TPA.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	97-103
8478044-4	1993	Heparin completely blocked phorbol ester-induced endothelin-1 release, whereas it had a partial inhibitory effect on endothelin-1 release stimulated by angiotensin and vasopressin.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	49-61
8478044-5	1993	Northern blot analysis using complementary DNA for bovine preproendothelin-1 as a probe revealed that heparin reduced not only the basal but also the stimulated expression of preproendothelin-1 messenger RNA by thrombin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	58-76
8478044-5	1993	Northern blot analysis using complementary DNA for bovine preproendothelin-1 as a probe revealed that heparin reduced not only the basal but also the stimulated expression of preproendothelin-1 messenger RNA by thrombin and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	175-193
8514336-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced effects on cell cycle progression and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT) activity in KM-3 pre-B cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	60-96
8514336-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced effects on cell cycle progression and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT) activity in KM-3 pre-B cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	98-101
8436593-3	1993	The NGF-mediated increase in GAP-43 mRNA levels and neurite outgrowth was mimicked by the phorbol ester TPA, but not by dibutyryl cAMP or the calcium ionophore A12783.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
8436593-3	1993	The NGF-mediated increase in GAP-43 mRNA levels and neurite outgrowth was mimicked by the phorbol ester TPA, but not by dibutyryl cAMP or the calcium ionophore A12783.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	29-35
8436593-4	1993	Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	18-34
8436593-4	1993	Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
8436593-4	1993	Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
8436593-4	1993	Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	162-165
8466854-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation is associated with G2 delay and down-regulation of cdc25 expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	99-104
8436593-6	1993	The phorbol ester-induced stabilization of GAP-43 mRNA was blocked by the protein kinase inhibitor polymyxin B and was partially inhibited by dexamethasone, an agent that blocks GAP-43 expression and neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	43-49
8436593-6	1993	The phorbol ester-induced stabilization of GAP-43 mRNA was blocked by the protein kinase inhibitor polymyxin B and was partially inhibited by dexamethasone, an agent that blocks GAP-43 expression and neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	178-184
8449977-9	1993	Moreover, phorbol ester treatment of intact cells leads to a substantial reduction of the rate of nuclear import of newly synthesized lamin B2 in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	lamin B2	Gallus gallus	134-142
8095965-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced degranulation in adherent human eosinophil granulocytes is dependent on CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	99-103
8436813-0	1993	Regulation of protein kinase C isoform proteins in phorbol ester-stimulated Jurkat T lymphoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-30
8357977-1	1993	Prostaglandin G/H synthase isoenzyme 2 (PGHS-2) was identified as an immediate-early gene product induced by Rous sarcoma virus, serum, phorbol ester and a wide variety of other mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-38
8357977-1	1993	Prostaglandin G/H synthase isoenzyme 2 (PGHS-2) was identified as an immediate-early gene product induced by Rous sarcoma virus, serum, phorbol ester and a wide variety of other mitogens.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	40-46
8437859-1	1993	Phorbol ester-inducible phosphorylation of MARCKS, the "80-kDa" substrate of protein kinase C, was undetectable in several phenotypically dominant, non-transformed revertants independently derived from the ras-transformed cell line NIH3T3 DT-ras.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	43-49
8387159-7	1993	Stimulation of the protein kinase-C pathway with phorbol ester decreased P450scc and P450c17 mRNAs, but stimulated the accumulation of P450c21 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	73-80
8387159-7	1993	Stimulation of the protein kinase-C pathway with phorbol ester decreased P450scc and P450c17 mRNAs, but stimulated the accumulation of P450c21 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	85-92
8437865-5	1993	Consistent with this hypothesis, the induction of TRE-mediated gene expression by phorbol esters that activate PKC directly was blocked by the dominant-negative Ha-Ras mutant.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	111-114
8429022-4	1993	Phorbol ester activation in vivo stimulates PKC down-regulation, uptake of extracellular Ca2+, Ca2+ dependence of cell viability, and changes in cell morphology.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	44-47
7680035-2	1993	The roles of phorbol esters and cyclic AMP in mediating the GnRH response were also investigated.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	60-64
8445253-8	1993	While IL-4 was detected in approximately 1-3% of peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy donors, up to 30% of the cells produced IFN-gamma and nearly 50% IL-2 after phorbol ester and ionomycin stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	156-160
8382476-0	1993	Phorbol esters inhibit insulin-induced receptor down-regulation in cultured human lymphocytes: association with diminished insulin receptor autophosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin	Homo sapiens	23-30
8382476-0	1993	Phorbol esters inhibit insulin-induced receptor down-regulation in cultured human lymphocytes: association with diminished insulin receptor autophosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	123-139
8440677-4	1993	Using a PCR strategy exploiting conserved regions common to rho/rac-GAPs, we have isolated a rat testis cDNA encoding a 34-kDa rac-GAP termed beta-chimaerin, as it was highly related to n-chimaerin, containing both a GAP domain (77% identity) and the phorbol ester-binding region (93% identity).	Phorbol Esters	251-264	chimerin 2	Rattus norvegicus	142-156
7679896-9	1993	The phorbol ester 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) as well as the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 both stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins identical to those phosphorylated by thrombin, suggesting that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and elevation of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration alone are sufficient to induce tyrosine phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	175-183
8428966-3	1993	Evidence is provided here that the nuclear component of human NF-AT contains the phorbol ester-inducible transcription factor AP1 (Jun/Fos).	Phorbol Esters	81-94	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	126-129
8439286-2	1993	Evidence has accumulated that phosphorylation of p47phox (the 47 kDa cytosolic phagocyte oxidase factor) and translocation of the two cytosolic components p47phox and p67phox are essential steps in the activation of NADPH oxidase in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	245-259	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	49-56
8439286-2	1993	Evidence has accumulated that phosphorylation of p47phox (the 47 kDa cytosolic phagocyte oxidase factor) and translocation of the two cytosolic components p47phox and p67phox are essential steps in the activation of NADPH oxidase in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	245-259	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Homo sapiens	155-162
8439286-2	1993	Evidence has accumulated that phosphorylation of p47phox (the 47 kDa cytosolic phagocyte oxidase factor) and translocation of the two cytosolic components p47phox and p67phox are essential steps in the activation of NADPH oxidase in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	245-259	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Homo sapiens	167-174
7679429-4	1993	IGF-I enhanced histamine release initiated by anti-IgE, calcium ionophore A23187, and phorbol ester in a dose-dependent fashion (ED50: 300-600 pM), although IGF-I had little or no effect on the release caused by FMLP and C5a.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
8381401-10	1993	As indicated by the effects of the phorbol ester, the probable mechanism was reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C gamma 1.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	phospholipase C, gamma 1	Rattus norvegicus	113-136
8381401-11	1993	The negative regulation of phospholipase C was apparent in intact cells, because the PKC inhibitor Ro31-7549 or down-regulation of PKC with phorbol ester enhanced antigen-induced hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
8428966-3	1993	Evidence is provided here that the nuclear component of human NF-AT contains the phorbol ester-inducible transcription factor AP1 (Jun/Fos).	Phorbol Esters	81-94	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	135-138
8429689-2	1993	The expression level of smg p21A and ras p21s during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 and MEG-01 cell lines was analyzed by immuno- and Northern blotting.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family pseudogene	Homo sapiens	24-32
8435086-1	1993	In this study, the effects of a series of phorbol esters with different spectra of biological activities and different patterns of activation of the isoenzymes of protein kinase C (PKC) have been studied in human neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	181-184
8381655-12	1993	We have previously shown that phorbol esters, which decrease the binding of TGF-alpha to PC cells, has an anti-proliferative activity on these tumour cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	76-85
8425447-7	1993	The effects of forskolin, the phorbol ester, and A23187 were time-dependent and not observed at 4 degrees C. The release of immunoreactive secretin was also stimulated by KCl in high concentration and by sodium oleate.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	SCT	Canis lupus familiaris	139-147
8436112-1	1993	We studied the regulation of the expression of the human c-sis/PDGF-B gene in the following panel of cell lines: K562 cells, in which expression is inducible by phorbol esters; cytotrophoblast-derived cell lines JEG-3 and JAR; carcinoma-derived cell lines PC3, T24 and HeLa, which show extensive differences in c-sis mRNA content; dermal fibroblasts, which do not express the gene.	Phorbol Esters	161-175	platelet derived growth factor subunit B	Homo sapiens	57-62
8389731-0	1993	Opposite effects of amiloride and amiloride analogues on activation of natural killer cytotoxicity by the phorbol ester TPA and gamma-interferon.	Phorbol Esters	106-119	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	120-123
8429689-2	1993	The expression level of smg p21A and ras p21s during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60 and MEG-01 cell lines was analyzed by immuno- and Northern blotting.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
8430069-5	1993	We now demonstrate that nuclear expression of human c-Rel, which is induced by either phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha with delayed kinetics relative to p65, markedly represses p65-mediated activation of these transcription units.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	52-57
8472849-0	1993	Platelet derived growth factor-A chain gene expression in cultured mesangial cells: regulation by phorbol ester at the level of mRNA abundance, transcription and mRNA stability.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	0-38
8430069-5	1993	We now demonstrate that nuclear expression of human c-Rel, which is induced by either phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha with delayed kinetics relative to p65, markedly represses p65-mediated activation of these transcription units.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	189-192
8381049-4	1993	The site of cPLA2 phosphorylation by MAP kinase, Ser-505, is identical to the major site of cPLA2 phosphorylation observed in phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	12-17
8421910-7	1993	We also observed that the detectable levels of p37 and p50 in the infected MOLT-4 cells were greatly reduced after phorbol ester (TPA) treatment under the condition of which HIV-1 gene expression was increased by about fivefold.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D	Homo sapiens	47-50
8421910-7	1993	We also observed that the detectable levels of p37 and p50 in the infected MOLT-4 cells were greatly reduced after phorbol ester (TPA) treatment under the condition of which HIV-1 gene expression was increased by about fivefold.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
8338512-0	1993	GTP gamma S and phorbol ester act synergistically to stimulate both Ca(2+)-independent secretion and phospholipase D activity in permeabilized human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	101-116
8420984-2	1993	Tissue factor is not normally expressed in cells that contact blood, such as endothelial cells and monocytes, but can be induced in these cells by tumor necrosis factor or tumor-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	188-202	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	0-13
8426747-0	1993	Co-purification of mitogen-activated protein kinases with phorbol ester-induced c-Jun kinase activity in U937 leukaemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	80-85
8426747-3	1993	Phorbol esters stimulate phosphorylation of serines 63 and 73 located within the A1 transactivation domain of c-Jun that have previously been shown to positively regulate activity.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	110-115
8381049-4	1993	The site of cPLA2 phosphorylation by MAP kinase, Ser-505, is identical to the major site of cPLA2 phosphorylation observed in phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	92-97
8416817-0	1993	Continuous presence of phorbol ester is required for its IL-1 beta mRNA stabilizing effect.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	57-66
8380429-3	1993	The hamster mAb H1.2F3, raised against dendritic epidermal DNT, recognizes a very early activation (VEA) Ag, which is generally absent on resting cells but expressed soon after T cell activation with ConA or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	208-221	5',3'-nucleotidase, cytosolic	Mus musculus	59-62
8380429-3	1993	The hamster mAb H1.2F3, raised against dendritic epidermal DNT, recognizes a very early activation (VEA) Ag, which is generally absent on resting cells but expressed soon after T cell activation with ConA or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	208-221	CD69 antigen	Mus musculus	100-103
7678632-8	1993	It blocked cation-dependent aggregation of phorbol ester-induced rabbit Con A blasts and also allo-MLR in a similar manner to other anti-CD11a mAb in various animal species.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	137-142
8480534-5	1993	Such evidence, however, is often seriously flawed because it relies on the use of phorbol esters, which are potent and direct PKC activators but may not mimic the physiological triggering of the enzyme in cells, or on the use of non-selective protein kinase inhibitors such as H7 and staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	126-129
8395137-5	1993	In addition, the stimulation of glycolysis induced by phorbol esters and pp60v-src can be explained by an increase in the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and an activation of PFK-2.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3	Homo sapiens	186-191
7748314-6	1993	Carbachol (1 mM) induced a maximal c-fos mRNA response after 40 minutes in SH-SY5Y cells, an effect that could be mimicked through protein kinase C stimulation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	163-177	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	35-40
8381602-0	1993	Interaction between a phorbol ester and dopamine DA1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	immunoglobulin heavy diversity 4-11 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	49-52
7679250-0	1993	Inhibition of cAMP- and Ca-dependent Cl- secretion by phorbol esters: inhibition of basolateral K+ channels.	Phorbol Esters	54-68	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	14-19
8381602-4	1993	The production of adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in response to DA1 receptor stimulation was enhanced by preincubation of vascular smooth muscle cells with the phorbol ester for 4 h. However, no enhancement was observed when the medium used for preincubation was supplemented with a protein kinase C inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	immunoglobulin heavy diversity 4-11 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	77-80
8517797-1	1993	The addition of ingestable particles (opsonized erythrocytes or latex beads) or a phorbol ester activates monocytes--derived human macrophages (MDHM) cultured in vitro, and markedly reduces virion release from HIV-infected MDHM as well as their ability to transmit the infection to cocultured lymphoid CD4-positive CEM cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	302-305
8395948-1	1993	Phorbol esters, which activate protein kinase C (PKC), enhance synaptic transmission in the CA1 subfield of hippocampus, both in situ and in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
8123706-0	1993	Stimulation of translation in 3T3-L1 cells in response to insulin and phorbol ester is directly correlated with increased phosphate labelling of initiation factor (eIF-) 4F and ribosomal protein S6.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	ribosomal protein S6	Mus musculus	177-197
8388775-10	1993	This effect was abolished by the PKC inhibitor staurosporine (5 nM), by overnight (12-24 hours) exposure to 0.2 microM phorbol esters and by the perfusion with 10 microM ethylisopropylamiloride (EIPA), a Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	119-133	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	33-36
7670533-5	1993	One of these GP50/55-specific mAbs (C10) crossreacts with a 28 kDa antigen expressed on the membrane of activated mouse and human T and B lymphocytes, after "in vitro" activation with mitogens, phorbol esters, or antigen, and on several murine T and B lymphocyte cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	194-208	gene rich cluster, C10 gene	Mus musculus	36-39
8401289-6	1993	In flow cytometry analysis, phorbol ester treated K-562 cells showed an increase in CD44, a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	84-88
8401289-7	1993	Moreover, monoclonal antibody to CD44 augmented reaggregation of phorbol ester treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	33-37
8401289-8	1993	The results implicate phorbol ester induction of CD44 in aggregation of K-562 cells and demonstrate that the presence of high mannose-type asparagine-linked oligosaccharides on cell glycoproteins correlates with increased aggregation of phorbol ester treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	49-53
8419185-2	1993	To determine what stimuli might regulate this inhibitor, cytokines were tested for their effects on the steady-state level of IRAP mRNA in phorbol ester-differentiated U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	139-152	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	126-130
8421065-8	1993	These results suggest (a) that the ligand binding specificity of VLA-2 can be determined by its cellular environment, rather than by variations in the primary sequence of the alpha 2 subunit, (b) that stably inactive or partly active VLA-2 can be rapidly converted to a fully active form through conformational changes initiated at a nonligand binding site on the beta 1 subunit, and (c) that the mechanisms for VLA-2 stimulation by phorbol ester and by antibody are quite distinct, because the latter does not require an intact cell.	Phorbol Esters	433-446	integrin subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
8389628-0	1993	Phorbol ester, prostaglandin E2, forskolin and okadaic acid differentially modulate interleukin-4-versus interleukin-2-dependent immunoglobulin induction in human cellular models, in contrast to other selected modifiers of cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	84-97
8389628-0	1993	Phorbol ester, prostaglandin E2, forskolin and okadaic acid differentially modulate interleukin-4-versus interleukin-2-dependent immunoglobulin induction in human cellular models, in contrast to other selected modifiers of cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	105-118
8389628-7	1993	Phorbol ester at non-cell-toxic doses inhibited IL4- but not IL2-dependent Ig induction.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	48-51
8419406-2	1993	However, with the EL 4-6.1 variant of the murine thymoma EL 4 activated with phorbol ester and/or interleukin-1 (IL-1), we recently found that it up-regulates interleukin-2-receptor (IL-2R) expression.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain	Mus musculus	159-181
8417145-4	1993	The activation of protein kinase C appears as an obligatory step during these processes, because (a) inhibition of protein kinase C by staurosporine blocks the induction by endothelin or phorbol esters of both c-fos and nerve growth factor, and (b) phorbol ester-evoked down-regulation of protein kinase C completely abolishes the c-fos induction by endothelin, but not that by the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, a known activator of the cyclic AMP-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	187-201	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	210-215
8417145-4	1993	The activation of protein kinase C appears as an obligatory step during these processes, because (a) inhibition of protein kinase C by staurosporine blocks the induction by endothelin or phorbol esters of both c-fos and nerve growth factor, and (b) phorbol ester-evoked down-regulation of protein kinase C completely abolishes the c-fos induction by endothelin, but not that by the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, a known activator of the cyclic AMP-dependent pathway.	Phorbol Esters	187-200	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	210-215
8380863-2	1993	Thus, we studied the effect of phorbol esters on the binding of beta-endorphin to naloxone-resistant receptors on the promonocyte-like U937 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	64-78
8320080-4	1993	A phorbol-ester (PMA), on the other hand, enhanced only slightly the proportion of PE-IL-2 binding cells.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	86-90
8093260-8	1993	Desensitization of mGluR1 with phorbol ester abolished the mRNA reduction.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	glutamate metabotropic receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-25
8423632-0	1993	Transient reversion of O4+ GalC- oligodendrocyte progenitor development in response to the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	galactosylceramidase	Homo sapiens	27-31
8423632-0	1993	Transient reversion of O4+ GalC- oligodendrocyte progenitor development in response to the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	105-108
7905766-9	1993	Treatment of chromaffin cells with phorbol esters prior to secretion induced scinderin redistribution, F-A disassembly and enhanced the initial rate of subsequent nicotine-evoked catecholamine release.	Phorbol Esters	35-49	scinderin	Homo sapiens	77-86
8505862-7	1993	Acute treatment with phorbol ester enhanced Nb2 cell growth in control media and reversed the attenuating effects of membrane stearic acid enrichment.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	contactin 5	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
8421065-8	1993	These results suggest (a) that the ligand binding specificity of VLA-2 can be determined by its cellular environment, rather than by variations in the primary sequence of the alpha 2 subunit, (b) that stably inactive or partly active VLA-2 can be rapidly converted to a fully active form through conformational changes initiated at a nonligand binding site on the beta 1 subunit, and (c) that the mechanisms for VLA-2 stimulation by phorbol ester and by antibody are quite distinct, because the latter does not require an intact cell.	Phorbol Esters	433-446	integrin subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	234-239
8421065-8	1993	These results suggest (a) that the ligand binding specificity of VLA-2 can be determined by its cellular environment, rather than by variations in the primary sequence of the alpha 2 subunit, (b) that stably inactive or partly active VLA-2 can be rapidly converted to a fully active form through conformational changes initiated at a nonligand binding site on the beta 1 subunit, and (c) that the mechanisms for VLA-2 stimulation by phorbol ester and by antibody are quite distinct, because the latter does not require an intact cell.	Phorbol Esters	433-446	integrin subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	234-239
8435107-2	1993	The goal of this study was to investigate whether various classes of tumor promoters increase expression of IL-1 alpha and whether phorbol ester-induced IL-1 alpha expression can be blocked by antitumor promoters.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	153-163
8264344-6	1993	In PBL 4-OOH-IF also induced rapid phosphorylation of the small heat shock protein (HSP27) signaling a similar type of stress response as reported for several other agents (e.g. arsenite, phorbol ester, tumor necrosis factor).	Phorbol Esters	188-201	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	84-89
8280376-3	1993	Previously we showed that in primary thyroid follicular cells, expression of mutant p21ras conferred a striking sensitivity to the toxic effects of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	148-162	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	84-90
8350952-3	1993	The "non-physiological" inducer phorbol ester PMA induced down-regulation of leukosialin cell surface expression on immature erythroid-myeloid leukemia cell line K-562, but up-regulation of CD43 antigen on the promyelocyte leukemia cell line HL-60 and, to a lesser extent on the monocyte-like U-937 and CALLA+ ALL cell line REH.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	LOC105369247	Homo sapiens	77-88
7507222-2	1993	The tumor promoting phorbol ester TPA induced a marked up-regulation of protectin in all examined cell lines with the exception of promyelocytic leukemia HL-60, where TPA significantly decreased protectin cell surface expression.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	72-81
7507222-2	1993	The tumor promoting phorbol ester TPA induced a marked up-regulation of protectin in all examined cell lines with the exception of promyelocytic leukemia HL-60, where TPA significantly decreased protectin cell surface expression.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	195-204
7688870-0	1993	Phorbol ester-induced modulation of cell surface antigens on U-937 cells in protein-free medium: effect of protein kinase and calmodulin inhibitors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	126-136
8350952-3	1993	The "non-physiological" inducer phorbol ester PMA induced down-regulation of leukosialin cell surface expression on immature erythroid-myeloid leukemia cell line K-562, but up-regulation of CD43 antigen on the promyelocyte leukemia cell line HL-60 and, to a lesser extent on the monocyte-like U-937 and CALLA+ ALL cell line REH.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	sialophorin	Homo sapiens	190-194
8350952-3	1993	The "non-physiological" inducer phorbol ester PMA induced down-regulation of leukosialin cell surface expression on immature erythroid-myeloid leukemia cell line K-562, but up-regulation of CD43 antigen on the promyelocyte leukemia cell line HL-60 and, to a lesser extent on the monocyte-like U-937 and CALLA+ ALL cell line REH.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	303-308
1470918-5	1992	c-Jun protein isolated from phorbol ester-induced cells did not target c-Fos for degradation, which suggests that c-Fos is transiently stabilized after stimulation of cell growth.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-5
8341367-14	1993	Upstream of the jun-B gene there does not appear to be an SRE, but there is a new element that can be responsive to both cAMP and phorbol esters (de Groot et al.	Phorbol Esters	130-144	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	16-21
8441864-11	1993	The levels of FSHR mRNA in cultured Sertoli cells are immediately reduced in the presence of FSH or phorbol esters, but the levels soon return to normal.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	follicle stimulating hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
1464609-6	1992	We observed the protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of PLA2 in permeabilized HL60 granulocytes, together with a correlation between the effects of phorbol esters and staurosporine on this reaction and on AA release.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	62-66
8094920-0	1993	Comparison of the effects of tumour necrosis factor alpha stimulation and phorbol ester treatment on the immunocytochemical staining of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in human renal carcinoma cell cultures.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	136-169
8094920-1	1993	Incubation of the human renal carcinoma cell line CaKi-1 with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) or the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA) strongly enhanced the immunocytochemical staining of the intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, in a non-linear manner.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	251-257
1470918-5	1992	c-Jun protein isolated from phorbol ester-induced cells did not target c-Fos for degradation, which suggests that c-Fos is transiently stabilized after stimulation of cell growth.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	114-119
1472040-1	1992	In a survey for unknown bioactive peptides in mammalian cell lines, we isolated peptides exhibiting a strong relaxant effect on chick rectum from a phorbol ester-supplemented culture medium of the human monocytic cell line, THP-1.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	224-229
1281425-8	1992	Both at low and at high cRNA concentrations, the expressed Kv1.2 channel is blocked by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ from the inositol trisphosphate sensitive pools and by the phorbol ester PMA that activates protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	potassium channel, voltage gated shaker related subfamily A, member 2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	59-64
1472040-3	1992	CNP mRNA was also detected in the THP-1 cells, and expression of CNP gene and CNP concentration in the culture medium was found to be highly augmented by the stimulation of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	0-3
1472040-3	1992	CNP mRNA was also detected in the THP-1 cells, and expression of CNP gene and CNP concentration in the culture medium was found to be highly augmented by the stimulation of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	34-39
1472040-3	1992	CNP mRNA was also detected in the THP-1 cells, and expression of CNP gene and CNP concentration in the culture medium was found to be highly augmented by the stimulation of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	65-68
1472040-3	1992	CNP mRNA was also detected in the THP-1 cells, and expression of CNP gene and CNP concentration in the culture medium was found to be highly augmented by the stimulation of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	173-186	natriuretic peptide C	Homo sapiens	65-68
1447224-0	1992	Induction of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor mRNA by phorbol ester and angiotensin II in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	13-71
1460023-2	1992	Wild-type neuromodulin expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was associated with membranes, incorporated [3H]palmitic acid, and was phosphorylated in response to phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	165-178	neuromodulin	Cricetulus griseus	10-22
1280540-6	1992	Stimulation of CVID T-cells with phorbol esters and Ca2+ ionophore induced both IL-2 secretion and proliferation, indicating the absence of a defect in the transcription and/or translation of the IL-2 gene.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	80-84
1463464-1	1992	The ability of normal rabbit dermal fibroblasts to degrade films of type IV collagen and gelatin when stimulated by phorbol ester was shown to be dependent on the induction, secretion and activation of 95 kDa gelatinase B and the secretion and activation of 72 kDa gelatinase A and stromelysin.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	72 kDa type IV collagenase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	265-277
1444457-0	1992	Differentiation of HL-60 cells by phorbol ester is correlated with up-regulation of protein kinase C-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	84-106
1338571-3	1992	Treatment of the cells with the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), resulted in both a loss of the heterogeneity of the pRB species and a significant decrease in the level of pRB phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	136-139
1338571-3	1992	Treatment of the cells with the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), resulted in both a loss of the heterogeneity of the pRB species and a significant decrease in the level of pRB phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	191-194
1467836-13	1992	The results indicate that the initial Ins(1,4,5)P3 response to either bradykinin or histamine in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells can be attenuated by PKC activation by phorbol ester and enhanced by PKC inhibition by Ro 31-8220.	Phorbol Esters	168-181	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	70-80
1473263-3	1992	On the other hand, a variety of hormonal effectors, i.e. insulin, glucagon, adrenalin and T3, as well as the phorbol ester, PMA or the mitogen, concanavalin A (Con A) induced ODC activity in cultured thymocytes together with the disappearance of the antizyme-like activity.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	175-178
1423314-6	1992	Run-on assays indicated the differences in the levels of CL and uPA mRNA with ras transformation and phorbol ester induction are due to changes in transcription rates.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Mus musculus	64-67
1330539-3	1992	Both the PEA3--AP-1 element, the AP-1 site and the COM are required for efficient phorbol ester induction of transcription from the uPA promoter in the HepG2 hepatoma cell line.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	132-135
1431117-10	1992	In the presence of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, neonatal and adult T cells showed equivalent proliferation and IL-2 production.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	119-123
1425589-5	1992	In the murine T cell line EL4, constitutively active p21ras greatly potentiates the phorbol ester and T cell receptor agonist induced production of IL-2 as measured both by biological assay for the cytokine and by the use of a reporter construct.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	26-29
1425589-5	1992	In the murine T cell line EL4, constitutively active p21ras greatly potentiates the phorbol ester and T cell receptor agonist induced production of IL-2 as measured both by biological assay for the cytokine and by the use of a reporter construct.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	53-59
1451978-7	1992	Conversely, long-term phorbol ester treatment increased both membrane-bound protein kinase C activity (260%) and TGF-alpha mRNA level (500%), a not significant increase of TGF-beta 1 mRNA was observed.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	113-122
1359970-3	1992	Moreover, TNF-alpha secretion was also observed by activation of T lymphocytes either through CD3 or CD69 molecular pathways, or with other stimulating agents such as Ca2+ ionophore in combination with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	202-216	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	10-19
1358972-3	1992	In the case of phorbol-diester-induced proliferation, the effect of IL-12 is in part mediated by induced IL-2 production, as suggested by the observation that IL-12 enhances IL-2 production in these cultures and that anti-IL-2 antibodies inhibit proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	15-30	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
1431124-1	1992	The receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters has been shown to be the Ca+2/phospholipid dependent enzyme protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	33-47	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	126-129
1358972-3	1992	In the case of phorbol-diester-induced proliferation, the effect of IL-12 is in part mediated by induced IL-2 production, as suggested by the observation that IL-12 enhances IL-2 production in these cultures and that anti-IL-2 antibodies inhibit proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	15-30	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	174-178
1358972-3	1992	In the case of phorbol-diester-induced proliferation, the effect of IL-12 is in part mediated by induced IL-2 production, as suggested by the observation that IL-12 enhances IL-2 production in these cultures and that anti-IL-2 antibodies inhibit proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	15-30	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	174-178
1431124-3	1992	Phorbol esters previously have been demonstrated to increase human IFN-gamma gene expression after treatment of a murine T cell line (Cl 9) that has been transfected with human IFN-gamma genomic DNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	67-76
1431124-3	1992	Phorbol esters previously have been demonstrated to increase human IFN-gamma gene expression after treatment of a murine T cell line (Cl 9) that has been transfected with human IFN-gamma genomic DNA.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	177-186
1301396-2	1992	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) caused the same result as PRL, which suggests that the PRL effect on mAAT activity might be mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation of pmAAT gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Sus scrofa	116-119
1464736-0	1992	Phorbol ester reduces constitutive nuclear NF kappa B and inhibits HIV-1 production in mature human monocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	43-53
1464736-8	1992	The disappearance of NF kappa B from the nucleus was concentration dependent between 10 and 50 ng/ml of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	21-31
1464736-12	1992	These results are in striking contrast to the increase in nuclear NF kappa B and HIV-1 replication induced by phorbol esters in promonocytic leukemia cells U937 and HL-60, and emphasize the importance of studying cytokine regulation of HIV-1 in normal monocytes.	Phorbol Esters	110-124	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	66-76
1431897-0	1992	Nicotinic agonists, phorbol esters, and growth factors activate two extracellular signal-regulated kinases, ERK1 and ERK2, in bovine chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Bos taurus	108-112
1431897-0	1992	Nicotinic agonists, phorbol esters, and growth factors activate two extracellular signal-regulated kinases, ERK1 and ERK2, in bovine chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-34	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Bos taurus	117-121
1431897-1	1992	Treatment of bovine chromaffin cells with nicotinic agonists, phorbol esters, and growth factors increases protein kinase activity toward microtubule-associated protein-2 and myelin basic protein (MBP) in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	myelin basic protein	Bos taurus	175-195
1431897-1	1992	Treatment of bovine chromaffin cells with nicotinic agonists, phorbol esters, and growth factors increases protein kinase activity toward microtubule-associated protein-2 and myelin basic protein (MBP) in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	62-76	myelin basic protein	Bos taurus	197-200
1338729-11	1992	These studies demonstrate that c-fos and c-jun mRNAs can be induced in cultured rat granulosa cells by acute gonadotropin, (Bu)2cAMP or phorbol ester treatment and suggest that these immediate early proto-oncogenes may play a role in granulosa cell function.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
1333047-7	1992	Addition of phorbol ester was also able to stimulate Nck phosphorylation on serine residues.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	non-catalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1	Mus musculus	53-56
1454855-1	1992	We report here that the negative cell cycle regulator protein p53 is an in vivo and in vitro substrate for protein kinase C, a cellular receptor for the tumor-promoter phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	168-182	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	62-65
1491455-2	1992	Cultured rat mesangial cells expressed 2.5 kb TGF-beta mRNA, and removal of fetal calf serum (FCS) for two days decreased the TGF-beta mRNA level, which was then stimulated by addition of 17% FCS and TPA, one of the phorbol esters, although it is also reported by others that the mRNA expression was stimulated by PDGF, EGF, or high glucose.	Phorbol Esters	216-230	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-134
1448068-2	1992	Expression of Ha-Ras Asn-17 inhibited NIH 3T3 cell proliferation induced by polypeptide growth factors or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	106-120	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	14-20
1335820-0	1992	Evidence for hippocampal calcium channel regulation by PKC based on comparison of diacylglycerols and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	55-58
1283470-0	1992	Phorbol ester induces down-regulation of CD4 molecule expression and resistance to in vitro infection by HIV1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	41-44
1335820-1	1992	Studies using phorbol esters imply that hippocampal Ca2+ channels are regulated by protein kinase C (PKC); however concerns have been raised because in some circumstances phorbol esters have non-specific effects on ion channels.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	101-104
1335820-2	1992	We have tested the hypothesis that PKC modulates Ca2+ channel activity in hippocampal neurons by conducting a detailed comparison of the effects of the diacylglycerols, diC8 and OAG, with those of the phorbol ester, PDBu, on whole-cell and single-channel Ca2+ currents.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
1332693-4	1992	Addition of ionomycin in Ca(2+)-containing buffer did not cause a rise in basal pHi; however, addition of the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did cause a slowly developing rise in resting pHi of 0.14 +/- 0.02 unit over 4-5 min.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	208-211
1449492-7	1992	Calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor, prevented the phorbol ester-induced increase in PKC activity and translocation.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	protein kinase C alpha	Bos taurus	16-19
1429733-5	1992	Our initial studies indicated that the separate activation of either PKC (using the phorbol ester, PMA) or G protein-dependent pathways (using guanosine-5"-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S)) stimulated granule exocytosis in a time-, concentration-, and Ca(2+)-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	69-72
1280163-5	1992	When these transfectant cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, CD4 internalization on these p56lck-expressing cell lines was selectively and markedly retarded, as compared to p56lck-negative control cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-69
1331065-5	1992	Phorbol ester activation of acidified cells induced a rapid recovery of pHi partly due to a Zn(2+)-sensitive H(+)-conductive pathway.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	72-75
1280163-5	1992	When these transfectant cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, CD4 internalization on these p56lck-expressing cell lines was selectively and markedly retarded, as compared to p56lck-negative control cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	95-101
1280163-5	1992	When these transfectant cells were stimulated with phorbol ester, CD4 internalization on these p56lck-expressing cell lines was selectively and markedly retarded, as compared to p56lck-negative control cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	178-184
1445277-1	1992	Effects of insulin and phorbol esters on subcellular distribution of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms were examined in rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
1445277-3	1992	Effects of phorbol esters on PKC-alpha redistribution to the plasma membrane, however, were much greater than those of insulin.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	29-38
1445277-6	1992	Our findings indicate that insulin and phorbol esters have overlapping and distinctly different effects on the subcellular redistribution of specific PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	150-153
1331065-10	1992	The activity of the V-type H+ pumps was virtually undetectable in resting cells, becoming apparent only after treatment with phorbol esters or other, chemically unrelated agonists of protein kinase C. These H+ pumps are likely to play a role in pHi homeostasis during the metabolic burst that accompanies neutrophil activation during infection and inflammation.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	glucose-6-phosphate isomerase	Homo sapiens	245-248
1331053-1	1992	In addition, we have examined cAMP and phorbol esters, which are stimulators of PKA and PKC, respectively, for their ability to provoke the phosphorylation of alpha-subunits of Na,K-ATPase in homogenates of Xenopus oocytes.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	177-188
1385420-2	1992	Cytosolic extracts from GH- or phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl 4 beta-phorbol 13-acetate)-treated cells, transfected with full-length GH receptor cDNA, had an enhanced ability to phosphorylate myelin basic protein.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	growth hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	136-147
1385420-2	1992	Cytosolic extracts from GH- or phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl 4 beta-phorbol 13-acetate)-treated cells, transfected with full-length GH receptor cDNA, had an enhanced ability to phosphorylate myelin basic protein.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	myelin basic protein	Cricetulus griseus	195-215
1445255-8	1992	To characterize the phorbol ester binding site of the UNC-13 protein, cDNA encoding the C1/C2-like regions (amino acid residues 546-940) was expressed in Escherichia coli and the 43 kDa recombinant protein was purified.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	54-60
1429597-1	1992	The proteins Fos and Jun dimerize to constitute the transcription factor AP-1 which is known to respond to treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	13-16
1429597-1	1992	The proteins Fos and Jun dimerize to constitute the transcription factor AP-1 which is known to respond to treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	73-77
1279987-8	1992	After the tight junctions have opened at 2 h in response to TNF, a second application of TNF will not produce the effect again for at least 12 h. The tight junctions will, however, open in response to phorbol esters during this time frame.	Phorbol Esters	201-215	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	89-92
1443198-0	1992	Reversal by increased CSF [H+] and [K+] of phorbol ester-induced arteriolar constriction in piglets.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	colony stimulating factor 2	Sus scrofa	22-25
1473556-5	1992	These results suggest that the increased sensitivity of SHR vessels to contraction by phorbol esters may be due, at least in part, to the greater sensitivity of PKC in these vessels to phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
1473556-5	1992	These results suggest that the increased sensitivity of SHR vessels to contraction by phorbol esters may be due, at least in part, to the greater sensitivity of PKC in these vessels to phorbol ester activation.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
1445248-3	1992	Short-term preincubation of cells with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), blocked the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by TLC, but did not alter that mediated by vasopressin.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	130-146
1445248-3	1992	Short-term preincubation of cells with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), blocked the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by TLC, but did not alter that mediated by vasopressin.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	148-151
1445248-3	1992	Short-term preincubation of cells with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), blocked the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by TLC, but did not alter that mediated by vasopressin.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	237-248
1292630-2	1992	Highly purified T cells stimulated with interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the absence of co-mitogen, secreted IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) upon restimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	interleukin 7	Homo sapiens	40-53
1467312-0	1992	Differential effects of phorbol esters on proliferation and calcyclin expression in human endometrial carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	S100 calcium binding protein A6	Homo sapiens	60-69
1292630-2	1992	Highly purified T cells stimulated with interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the absence of co-mitogen, secreted IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) upon restimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	interleukin 7	Homo sapiens	55-59
1292630-2	1992	Highly purified T cells stimulated with interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the absence of co-mitogen, secreted IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) upon restimulation with phorbol ester and ionomycin.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	122-149
1334475-6	1992	The local concentration of n-TNF and the n-TNF-PMN contact time are considered very important in obtaining these effects more efficiently in addition to the presence of PMN-stimulants including complements, chemotactic peptides and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	232-246	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	29-32
1425908-3	1992	This growth-stimulatory activity for TS1 cells (GATS) was co-induced with IL-6 on normal fibroblasts and certain sarcoma cell lines stimulated with IL-1, double-stranded RNA, virus or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	184-197	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	74-78
1425908-5	1992	GATS from phorbol ester-stimulated human hepatosarcoma cells co-purified with IL-6, but could be separated from it by subsequent cation-exchange fast-protein liquid chromatography and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	78-82
1459865-4	1992	At all times of clustering or upon phorbol ester treatment, the concentration of LFA-1 in patches and then in caps was not accompanied by a parallel concentration of membrane particles on the freeze-fractured plasma membranes.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	81-86
1469061-5	1992	Most likely, protein kinase C is responsible for the phosphorylation of vinculin, since phosphorylation also occurs when platelets are treated with a phorbol ester, which activates protein kinase C, and is blocked by treatment with a staurosporine derivative which inhibits this enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	vinculin	Homo sapiens	72-80
1328390-0	1992	Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin inhibits the NADPH oxidase-enzyme complex in phorbol ester-stimulated neutrophil membranes.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	serpin family A member 3	Homo sapiens	0-24
1474331-4	1992	The level of "ectopic" transcription of the PTH gene in lymphoblastoid cells appeared to be resistant to the administration of both vitamin D and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	44-47
1402670-4	1992	Activation of NK cells through CD16 triggering or by phorbol ester results in a rapid increase of adhesion to LM, which is still mediated by VLA-6.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	integrin subunit alpha 6	Homo sapiens	141-146
20732162-0	1992	Studies of the induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate and other substances.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-51
1406695-7	1992	Furthermore, phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted in a transient increase in the detection of p110 associated with CD4-p56lck, concomitant with the modulation of CD4-p56lck from the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	spliceosome associated factor 3, U4/U6 recycling protein	Homo sapiens	99-103
1406695-7	1992	Furthermore, phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted in a transient increase in the detection of p110 associated with CD4-p56lck, concomitant with the modulation of CD4-p56lck from the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	120-123
1406695-7	1992	Furthermore, phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted in a transient increase in the detection of p110 associated with CD4-p56lck, concomitant with the modulation of CD4-p56lck from the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	124-130
1406695-7	1992	Furthermore, phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted in a transient increase in the detection of p110 associated with CD4-p56lck, concomitant with the modulation of CD4-p56lck from the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	167-170
1406695-7	1992	Furthermore, phorbol ester treatment of cells resulted in a transient increase in the detection of p110 associated with CD4-p56lck, concomitant with the modulation of CD4-p56lck from the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	171-177
1406718-1	1992	The cell surface expression of the CD32 receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (Fc gamma RII) is highly regulated by agents such as phorbol ester (PMA) and cytokines.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	Fc gamma receptor IIa	Homo sapiens	35-39
1438205-0	1992	Cell division arrest induced by phorbol ester in CHO cells overexpressing protein kinase C-delta subspecies.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C delta type	Cricetulus griseus	74-96
1440609-2	1992	We have previously demonstrated that exposure to O3 in vitro results in increased accumulation and release of platelet activating factor (PAF) in the macrophage-like cell line HL60 differentiated with phorbol ester (dHL60).	Phorbol Esters	201-214	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	110-136
1440609-2	1992	We have previously demonstrated that exposure to O3 in vitro results in increased accumulation and release of platelet activating factor (PAF) in the macrophage-like cell line HL60 differentiated with phorbol ester (dHL60).	Phorbol Esters	201-214	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	138-141
1404592-1	1992	Oxygen radical scavengers, such as dithiocarbamates and cysteine derivatives, inhibit activation of the ubiquitous transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) after treatment of cells with tumor necrosis factor, phorbol ester, and interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	136-158
1404592-1	1992	Oxygen radical scavengers, such as dithiocarbamates and cysteine derivatives, inhibit activation of the ubiquitous transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) after treatment of cells with tumor necrosis factor, phorbol ester, and interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	160-170
1404592-1	1992	Oxygen radical scavengers, such as dithiocarbamates and cysteine derivatives, inhibit activation of the ubiquitous transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) after treatment of cells with tumor necrosis factor, phorbol ester, and interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	244-257
1437149-5	1992	IP-1 activity is blocked by stimulation of the protein kinase C (PKC) signal transduction pathway, achieved by treating HeLa cells with phorbol esters or with a diacylglycerol analog.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	0-4
20732162-3	1992	The tumour-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA) induced ODC by several hundred percent in this system.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
1280103-8	1992	Stimulation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester increased MBP kinase activity, and down-regulation of PKC partially inhibited ET-stimulated MBP kinase as well as phorbol ester-stimulated MBP kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	myelin basic protein	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
1450954-6	1992	Therefore we examined the effect of pretreatment with phorbol ester for 90 min on oxygen/glucose free-induced decreases in 2-DG uptake and CA1 field potentials.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
1397331-1	1992	Stimulation of 32P-labeled macrophages with phorbol ester caused an increase in phosphorylation of the intracellular, high molecular weight phospholipase A2.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	140-156
1417981-0	1992	Inhibition of EGR-1 and NF-kappa B gene expression by dexamethasone during phorbol ester-induced human monocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	early growth response 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
1417981-0	1992	Inhibition of EGR-1 and NF-kappa B gene expression by dexamethasone during phorbol ester-induced human monocytic differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	24-34
1327288-7	1992	Low-level induction of MPO mRNA expression in very immature leukemic cells using phorbol ester was not accompanied by progressive demethylation.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	23-26
1401894-4	1992	One common denominator among different PKC subspecies is their activation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	39-42
1394183-0	1992	Modulation of protein kinase C-epsilon by phorbol esters in the monoblastoid U937 cell.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	14-38
1382715-7	1992	PMN surviving in response to LPS or IL-1 beta retained the capacity to produce superoxide anion when treated with phorbol esters or fMLP.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	36-45
1400396-11	1992	The promoter was stimulated 8-20-fold by phorbol esters accounting for the previously observed transcriptional activation of protein kinase C beta.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	125-146
1390899-0	1992	Antiproliferative effect of phorbol esters on MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells: relationship with enhanced expression of transforming growth-factor-beta 1.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	128-161
1409722-2	1992	Analysis of mutant enhancer constructs identified two elements, beta E2 and beta E3, conferring phorbol ester inducibility.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 12C	Homo sapiens	69-83
1280321-2	1992	In bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa cells, TPA (phorbol ester) induces a marked inhibition of the ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation as well as of the membrane ANF-sensitive guanylate cyclase catalytic activity without any change in the binding capacity or affinity for 125I-ANF.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	natriuretic peptide A	Bos taurus	97-100
1280321-2	1992	In bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa cells, TPA (phorbol ester) induces a marked inhibition of the ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation as well as of the membrane ANF-sensitive guanylate cyclase catalytic activity without any change in the binding capacity or affinity for 125I-ANF.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	natriuretic peptide A	Bos taurus	157-160
1280321-2	1992	In bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa cells, TPA (phorbol ester) induces a marked inhibition of the ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulation as well as of the membrane ANF-sensitive guanylate cyclase catalytic activity without any change in the binding capacity or affinity for 125I-ANF.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	natriuretic peptide A	Bos taurus	157-160
1390899-2	1992	We have recently reported that exogenous TGF-beta 1 reverses the resistance of a breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 subline (MCF-7:RPh-4) to these phorbol ester effects.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	41-51
1327539-4	1992	A short exposure of 51Cr-labeled human CD4+ T cells to phorbol esters in vitro induced a rapid beta 1-integrin-mediated adhesion to both fibronectin and laminin, as determined by inhibition with anti-integrin antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	95-110
1394140-5	1992	Both drugs blocked the phorbol ester-induced expression of the c-fos proto-oncogene.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	63-68
1394146-4	1992	S49.1 and WEHI7.2 cells infected with bcl-2 but not control retrovirus also exhibited increased resistance to cell killing and DNA fragmentation induced by a wide variety of reagents, including the calcium ionophore ionomycin, the phorbol ester tetradecanoylphorbol acetate, the dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor methotrexate, the antimetabolite 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, and the microtubule inhibitor vincristine.	Phorbol Esters	231-244	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	38-43
1331679-0	1992	Enhanced GLUT1 glucose transporter and cytoskeleton gene expression in cultured bovine brain capillary endothelial cells after treatment with phorbol esters and serum.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Bos taurus	9-14
1331679-8	1992	In conclusion, these studies show that GLUT1 glucose transporter, cytoplasmic actin, and beta-tubulin mRNA levels in bovine brain capillary endothelial cells are regulated by both serum factors and phorbol ester, which activates the protein kinase C pathway, and that the mechanism of the phorbol ester effect is post-transcriptional.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Bos taurus	39-44
1331679-8	1992	In conclusion, these studies show that GLUT1 glucose transporter, cytoplasmic actin, and beta-tubulin mRNA levels in bovine brain capillary endothelial cells are regulated by both serum factors and phorbol ester, which activates the protein kinase C pathway, and that the mechanism of the phorbol ester effect is post-transcriptional.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	actin epsilon 1	Bos taurus	78-83
1331679-8	1992	In conclusion, these studies show that GLUT1 glucose transporter, cytoplasmic actin, and beta-tubulin mRNA levels in bovine brain capillary endothelial cells are regulated by both serum factors and phorbol ester, which activates the protein kinase C pathway, and that the mechanism of the phorbol ester effect is post-transcriptional.	Phorbol Esters	289-302	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Bos taurus	39-44
1394438-4	1992	Furthermore, PKC(alpha) down-regulation by phorbol ester treatment abolished AICD, and the degree of PKC down-regulation correlated well with the degree of AICD abolishment, suggesting that PKC activation represents an essential step in the molecular mechanisms underlying AICD in this T-cell hybridoma.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	13-23
1394438-4	1992	Furthermore, PKC(alpha) down-regulation by phorbol ester treatment abolished AICD, and the degree of PKC down-regulation correlated well with the degree of AICD abolishment, suggesting that PKC activation represents an essential step in the molecular mechanisms underlying AICD in this T-cell hybridoma.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	13-16
1382903-9	1992	However, sIL-2R alpha levels were significantly increased in patients" cultures by (i) addition of exogenous IL-2; (ii) removal of adherent cells; (iii) addition of cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin; (iv) bypassing cell surface activation by the combination of the calcium ionophore A23187 and the phorbol ester 12-o-tetradecanoyl acetate.	Phorbol Esters	303-316	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	10-14
1327539-4	1992	A short exposure of 51Cr-labeled human CD4+ T cells to phorbol esters in vitro induced a rapid beta 1-integrin-mediated adhesion to both fibronectin and laminin, as determined by inhibition with anti-integrin antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	137-148
1382961-2	1992	Treatment of MCF-7 cells, a human mammary adenocarcinoma cell line, with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (10-7 M) was associated with a time-dependent reduction in the level of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA (half-life approximately 3 h).	Phorbol Esters	77-90	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	225-227
1445803-0	1992	Protein kinase C beta gene expression is associated with susceptibility of human promyelocytic leukemia cells to phorbol ester-induced differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	0-21
1327723-6	1992	Upon stimulation with a beta-adrenergic agonist, a phorbol ester, a calcium ionophore, or forskolin, the secretion of DCE activity was increased; this rise was parallel to the secretion of CPE activity and ACTH.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	carboxypeptidase E	Mus musculus	189-192
1382961-0	1992	Down-regulation of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for the estrogen receptor (ER) by phorbol ester requires ongoing RNA synthesis but not protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-78
1382961-0	1992	Down-regulation of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for the estrogen receptor (ER) by phorbol ester requires ongoing RNA synthesis but not protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	80-82
1421175-6	1992	Regarding the altered subcellular localization of PKC activity, phorbol ester-induced translocation of cytosolic PKC was inhibited in some ATL cases.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	50-53
1382961-2	1992	Treatment of MCF-7 cells, a human mammary adenocarcinoma cell line, with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (10-7 M) was associated with a time-dependent reduction in the level of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA (half-life approximately 3 h).	Phorbol Esters	77-90	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	206-223
1396321-9	1992	Both desensitization to PTH and receptor down-regulation were induced, however, by pretreatment with a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate), and these effects were blocked completely by staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	24-40
1421175-6	1992	Regarding the altered subcellular localization of PKC activity, phorbol ester-induced translocation of cytosolic PKC was inhibited in some ATL cases.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	113-116
1333720-9	1992	A 4 minute pretreatment with phorbol ester reduced the initial response to endothelin-1 in both calcium-containing and calcium-free media.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-87
1328343-6	1992	By contrast, stimulation with phorbol esters and ionophore, which bypass surface receptor signaling, induced comparable amounts of IL-4 and IFN-gamma in older and young subjects.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	131-135
1328343-6	1992	By contrast, stimulation with phorbol esters and ionophore, which bypass surface receptor signaling, induced comparable amounts of IL-4 and IFN-gamma in older and young subjects.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	140-149
1356124-4	1992	In this assay, the protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester PDB and anti-IgM antibodies, as well as the protein kinase inhibitor, staurosporine, were able to induce LFA-1-dependent binding to ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	166-171
1332430-1	1992	Maximal rates of O2- and H2O2 production by human bloodstream monocytes activated during the respiratory burst by phorbol ester were only about 10% of those of neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	17-29
1387876-0	1992	Phorbol ester-induced promyelocytic leukemia cell adhesion to marrow stromal cells involves fibronectin specific alpha 5 beta 1 integrin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	92-103
1356124-4	1992	In this assay, the protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester PDB and anti-IgM antibodies, as well as the protein kinase inhibitor, staurosporine, were able to induce LFA-1-dependent binding to ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	193-199
1460463-5	1992	Downregulation of kinase C by phorbol ester prevented increased GAP-43 phosphorylation and led to growth cone collapse.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	64-70
1406637-2	1992	In addition, phorbol esters may promote cell growth by the inhibition of expression of cellular gene products regulated by antiproliferative agents such as interferons (IFN)s. In human diploid fibroblasts, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) selectively inhibits the IFN-alpha-induced cellular gene ISG54.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	269-278
1328860-1	1992	c-jun is a member of the family of immediate-early genes whose expression is induced by factors such as serum stimulation, phorbol ester, and differentiation signals.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-5
1334710-3	1992	By combining SAC, or the phorbol ester TPA, with IL-2 and the conditioned medium of a T-cell hybridoma (BSF-MP6), we could strongly enhance the Trx expression.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	144-147
1406636-0	1992	Mapping of epidermal growth factor-, serum-, and phorbol ester-responsive sequence elements in the c-jun promoter.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	99-104
1406637-2	1992	In addition, phorbol esters may promote cell growth by the inhibition of expression of cellular gene products regulated by antiproliferative agents such as interferons (IFN)s. In human diploid fibroblasts, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) selectively inhibits the IFN-alpha-induced cellular gene ISG54.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	301-306
1325459-8	1992	The inhibitory effects of phorbol esters and protein kinase C on PEPCK gene expression may be mediated through the action of Fos and Jun.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	65-70
1389182-3	1992	We have studied the possible involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in this response and have observed that electrical stimulation increases the activity of PKC in the nucleus by over two orders of magnitude within 10 min; phorbol esters, within minutes after intramuscular application, block AChR subunit genes in the absence of electrical activity; and the activity-triggered gene inactivation is blocked by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine or by enzyme depletion resulting from chronic pretreatment of muscle with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	222-236	cholinergic receptor nicotinic delta subunit	Gallus gallus	292-296
1306294-5	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), lipopolysaccharide, IL-1 and phorbol ester induced the m-RNA of Mn-SOD as well as protein levels in TNF-resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	99-105
1306294-5	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), lipopolysaccharide, IL-1 and phorbol ester induced the m-RNA of Mn-SOD as well as protein levels in TNF-resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	135-138
1382062-5	1992	The 5"-flanking region of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene is also responsive to cyclic AMP and phorbol ester treatment of SHSY-5Y neuroblastoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	dopamine beta-hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	30-55
19912882-7	1992	Incubation of neuroblastoma cells with the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), increased expression of CAT from pTH(-245/+2 1)CAT over 6-fold and was accompanied by induction of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs and proteins.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	parathyroid hormone	Bos taurus	137-140
19912882-7	1992	Incubation of neuroblastoma cells with the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), increased expression of CAT from pTH(-245/+2 1)CAT over 6-fold and was accompanied by induction of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs and proteins.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	203-208
19912882-7	1992	Incubation of neuroblastoma cells with the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), increased expression of CAT from pTH(-245/+2 1)CAT over 6-fold and was accompanied by induction of c-fos and c-jun mRNAs and proteins.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	213-218
1382605-6	1992	Expression of the human PKC-epsilon clone in Sf9 cells confirmed that the recombinant protein displayed protein kinase C activity and phorbol ester binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	24-35
1527011-2	1992	Exposure of T lymphocytes to phorbol esters induces endocytosis of CD4 and the CD3/T-cell receptor complex.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	67-70
1325459-8	1992	The inhibitory effects of phorbol esters and protein kinase C on PEPCK gene expression may be mediated through the action of Fos and Jun.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	125-128
1511903-0	1992	Sequence of a rat TIS11 cDNA, an immediate early gene induced by growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	zinc finger protein 36	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
1505682-1	1992	Vanadate (V) potentiated (4- to 10-fold) the activation of cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) induced by H2O2 (H), a phorbol ester (T), a Ca(2+)-ionophore (A) and opsonized zymosan in macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	68-84
1505682-1	1992	Vanadate (V) potentiated (4- to 10-fold) the activation of cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) induced by H2O2 (H), a phorbol ester (T), a Ca(2+)-ionophore (A) and opsonized zymosan in macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	86-90
1354601-5	1992	The activity of TH in the arcuate nucleus/median eminence also was increased approximately 55% by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl(phorbol-13-acetate) (1-100 nM), which activates protein kinase-C. Sphingosine (10 microM), an inhibitor of protein kinase-C, attenuated the activation of TH within TIDA neurons that was induced by both 12-O-tetradecanoyl(phorbol-13-acetate) and neurotensin.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	16-18
1516134-7	1992	Microinjection of CKII suppresses induction of AP-1 by either phorbol ester or an inhibitory peptide.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	casein kinase 2 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
1516134-7	1992	Microinjection of CKII suppresses induction of AP-1 by either phorbol ester or an inhibitory peptide.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	47-51
1417179-8	1992	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]), known to induce jun and fos gene expression, caused increases in jun-B and fos-B that preceded the decrease in albumin mRNA levels at 24 hours.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	99-102
1417179-8	1992	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]), known to induce jun and fos gene expression, caused increases in jun-B and fos-B that preceded the decrease in albumin mRNA levels at 24 hours.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	jun B proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	140-145
1417179-8	1992	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]), known to induce jun and fos gene expression, caused increases in jun-B and fos-B that preceded the decrease in albumin mRNA levels at 24 hours.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	150-153
1324163-8	1992	Quantitative time-lapse videomicroscopy showed that the CT-induced retraction of osteoclasts also involved activation of the PKC pathway and could therefore be induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	171-185	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	56-58
1354601-5	1992	The activity of TH in the arcuate nucleus/median eminence also was increased approximately 55% by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl(phorbol-13-acetate) (1-100 nM), which activates protein kinase-C. Sphingosine (10 microM), an inhibitor of protein kinase-C, attenuated the activation of TH within TIDA neurons that was induced by both 12-O-tetradecanoyl(phorbol-13-acetate) and neurotensin.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	289-291
1354601-5	1992	The activity of TH in the arcuate nucleus/median eminence also was increased approximately 55% by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl(phorbol-13-acetate) (1-100 nM), which activates protein kinase-C. Sphingosine (10 microM), an inhibitor of protein kinase-C, attenuated the activation of TH within TIDA neurons that was induced by both 12-O-tetradecanoyl(phorbol-13-acetate) and neurotensin.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	380-391
1505643-0	1992	Induction of human monocyte cell line U937 differentiation and CSF-1 production by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
1380512-5	1992	Depletion of PKC by treatment of intact cells with phorbol ester also blocked the action of TGF-beta 1.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	92-102
1361369-4	1992	In the presence of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, B66.6 induced interleukin-2 synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	78-91
1522120-3	1992	Since both calcium ionophores and phorbol esters release vWF, both second messenger pathways have been postulated to participate in vWF secretion in response to naturally occurring agonists.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	57-60
1522120-3	1992	Since both calcium ionophores and phorbol esters release vWF, both second messenger pathways have been postulated to participate in vWF secretion in response to naturally occurring agonists.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	132-135
1527599-2	1992	A striking example of this differential distribution is seen in the cerebellum, where Purkinje cells express PKC-I, an isozyme that is strongly activated by both phorbol ester (PE), and low doses of cis-unsaturated fatty acid (c-UFA), while granule cells predominantly express PKC-II, an isozyme that is strongly activated by PE but not c-UFA.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	109-114
1387412-0	1992	Human dermal fibroblast interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and protein are co-stimulated by phorbol ester: implication for a homeostatic mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	24-57
1387412-0	1992	Human dermal fibroblast interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and protein are co-stimulated by phorbol ester: implication for a homeostatic mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	59-65
1387412-0	1992	Human dermal fibroblast interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and protein are co-stimulated by phorbol ester: implication for a homeostatic mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	71-89
1387412-0	1992	Human dermal fibroblast interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and protein are co-stimulated by phorbol ester: implication for a homeostatic mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	91-100
1387412-4	1992	Polymerase chain reaction amplification of reverse-transcribed mRNA with primers specific for the intracellular form of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist detected cDNA fragments present in both unstimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated fibroblasts, identical in molecular size to that in unstimulated keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	211-224	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	120-153
1387412-5	1992	Amplification with primers specific for the secretory form of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, however, detected cDNA fragments in phorbol ester-stimulated fibroblasts and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells, but not in unstimulated fibroblasts or keratinocytes.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	62-95
1387412-7	1992	By ethidium bromide visualization of amplified cDNA derived from serially diluted total cellular RNA and by Southern blot hybridization analysis of amplified cDNA, we have demonstrated that fibroblast interleukin-1 receptor antagonist mRNA and interleukin-1 beta mRNA were co-stimulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	290-303	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	201-234
1387412-8	1992	Similarly, ELISA demonstrated that fibroblast cytoplasmic interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein and interleukin-1 beta protein were co-stimulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	interleukin 1 receptor antagonist	Homo sapiens	58-99
1387412-8	1992	Similarly, ELISA demonstrated that fibroblast cytoplasmic interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein and interleukin-1 beta protein were co-stimulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	104-122
1527599-2	1992	A striking example of this differential distribution is seen in the cerebellum, where Purkinje cells express PKC-I, an isozyme that is strongly activated by both phorbol ester (PE), and low doses of cis-unsaturated fatty acid (c-UFA), while granule cells predominantly express PKC-II, an isozyme that is strongly activated by PE but not c-UFA.	Phorbol Esters	177-179	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	109-114
1527599-2	1992	A striking example of this differential distribution is seen in the cerebellum, where Purkinje cells express PKC-I, an isozyme that is strongly activated by both phorbol ester (PE), and low doses of cis-unsaturated fatty acid (c-UFA), while granule cells predominantly express PKC-II, an isozyme that is strongly activated by PE but not c-UFA.	Phorbol Esters	326-328	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	109-114
1323820-5	1992	Densitometric analysis of the changes in c-myb transcription caused by phorbol ester suggested that the c-myb promoter may be down-regulated during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	41-46
1421577-0	1992	Phosphorylation of p90 and p52 in response to phorbol-esters in Swiss/3T3 cells overexpressing protein kinase C-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	transferrin receptor	Mus musculus	19-22
1421577-0	1992	Phosphorylation of p90 and p52 in response to phorbol-esters in Swiss/3T3 cells overexpressing protein kinase C-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100	Mus musculus	27-30
1421577-0	1992	Phosphorylation of p90 and p52 in response to phorbol-esters in Swiss/3T3 cells overexpressing protein kinase C-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	95-117
1421577-3	1992	Here we show that activation of PKC-alpha by phorbol-esters induced in these cells specific phosphorylation of two cellular proteins p90 and p52.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	32-41
1421577-3	1992	Here we show that activation of PKC-alpha by phorbol-esters induced in these cells specific phosphorylation of two cellular proteins p90 and p52.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	transferrin receptor	Mus musculus	133-136
1511446-1	1992	Platelet-derived growth factor and phorbol ester cause an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in control NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing human protein kinase C (PKC) alpha.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	70-104
1511446-1	1992	Platelet-derived growth factor and phorbol ester cause an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in control NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing human protein kinase C (PKC) alpha.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	106-110
1511446-1	1992	Platelet-derived growth factor and phorbol ester cause an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in control NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and NIH 3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing human protein kinase C (PKC) alpha.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	204-232
1511446-2	1992	In the case of phorbol ester-induced VEGF expression, the VEGF mRNA levels were significantly higher in cells overexpressing human PKC alpha as compared to control cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	37-41
1511446-2	1992	In the case of phorbol ester-induced VEGF expression, the VEGF mRNA levels were significantly higher in cells overexpressing human PKC alpha as compared to control cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	58-62
1511446-2	1992	In the case of phorbol ester-induced VEGF expression, the VEGF mRNA levels were significantly higher in cells overexpressing human PKC alpha as compared to control cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	131-140
1511446-3	1992	In cells stimulated with platelet-derived growth factor or phorbol ester, induction of expression was lost after down-regulation of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	132-135
1421577-6	1992	Time course analysis of phorbol-ester induced phosphorylation of p90 and p52 revealed maximal stimulation of phosphorylation after 15-30 min.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100	Mus musculus	73-76
1421577-3	1992	Here we show that activation of PKC-alpha by phorbol-esters induced in these cells specific phosphorylation of two cellular proteins p90 and p52.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100	Mus musculus	141-144
1421577-6	1992	Time course analysis of phorbol-ester induced phosphorylation of p90 and p52 revealed maximal stimulation of phosphorylation after 15-30 min.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	transferrin receptor	Mus musculus	65-68
1323820-5	1992	Densitometric analysis of the changes in c-myb transcription caused by phorbol ester suggested that the c-myb promoter may be down-regulated during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	104-109
1421577-9	1992	Whereas, phorbol ester activation induced phosphorylation of both p90 and p52, the mitogens platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) enhanced phosphorylation of p90, but not p52.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	transferrin receptor	Mus musculus	66-69
1421577-9	1992	Whereas, phorbol ester activation induced phosphorylation of both p90 and p52, the mitogens platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) enhanced phosphorylation of p90, but not p52.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100	Mus musculus	74-77
1421577-11	1992	Moreover, the fact that phosphorylation of p52 was specific to phorbol ester activation may suggest its involvement in tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100	Mus musculus	43-46
1501891-3	1992	In addition, constitutive expression of exogenous myc inhibited induced differentiation of these cells by a variety of treatments including addition to the medium of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) as well as complete withdrawal of serum from the medium.	Phorbol Esters	198-211	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	50-53
1323820-5	1992	Densitometric analysis of the changes in c-myb transcription caused by phorbol ester suggested that the c-myb promoter may be down-regulated during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	41-46
1323820-5	1992	Densitometric analysis of the changes in c-myb transcription caused by phorbol ester suggested that the c-myb promoter may be down-regulated during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of HL-60.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor	Homo sapiens	104-109
1324189-2	1992	Pretreatment of astrocytes with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), attenuated CNP-induced cGMP responses in a dose-dependent manner, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 6 nM, whereas the inactive phorbol ester analog, 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, was without effect.	Phorbol Esters	252-265	natriuretic peptide type C	Mus musculus	122-125
1518847-0	1992	Phorbol ester stimulates a protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and activates the Erk-1 gene product.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	99-104
1518847-3	1992	A phorbol ester-stimulated protein kinase activity was identified that phosphorylated a kinase-negative Erk-1 gene product on tyrosine and threonine.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	104-109
1529530-4	1992	The latter included induction of human metallothionein 2A (HMT2A) by phorbol ester and induction of IP-10 RNA by IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	39-57
1381507-1	1992	We report the purification to near homogeneity of a 45-kDa phorbol ester-stimulated protein kinase that phosphorylates and activates the Erk-1 gene product.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	137-142
1325792-4	1992	Protein phosphorylation experiments in intact cells revealed that HL60/ADR, the adriamycin-resistant variant, showed a higher overall phosphorylation of nuclear proteins than the drug-sensitive parental HL60, and that phorbol ester (protein kinase C activator) and calyculin A appeared to more specifically stimulate phosphorylation of p66 and p60, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	218-231	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	71-74
1324919-1	1992	The addition of phorbol esters to U937 leukemic cells stimulates the phosphorylation of c-Jun on serines 63 and 73.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	88-93
1323613-0	1992	Retinoic acid and phorbol ester synergistically up-regulate IL-8 expression and specifically modulate protein kinase C-epsilon in human skin fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	60-64
1323613-0	1992	Retinoic acid and phorbol ester synergistically up-regulate IL-8 expression and specifically modulate protein kinase C-epsilon in human skin fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	102-126
1354234-6	1992	Activation of PMN with phorbol ester or C5a stimulated VLA-5-mediated adhesion to fibronectin, but the contribution of VLA-5 to the forces mediating adherence could only be detected when CD18 function was either blocked with mAb, or when CD18 was congenitally absent.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	integrin subunit alpha 5	Homo sapiens	55-60
1354234-6	1992	Activation of PMN with phorbol ester or C5a stimulated VLA-5-mediated adhesion to fibronectin, but the contribution of VLA-5 to the forces mediating adherence could only be detected when CD18 function was either blocked with mAb, or when CD18 was congenitally absent.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	82-93
1323613-1	1992	Phorbol ester (TPA) and retinoic acid (RA) are two potent immunomodulatory agents whose actions are mediated through distinct signal transduction pathways involving protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear RA receptors, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	15-18
1354234-6	1992	Activation of PMN with phorbol ester or C5a stimulated VLA-5-mediated adhesion to fibronectin, but the contribution of VLA-5 to the forces mediating adherence could only be detected when CD18 function was either blocked with mAb, or when CD18 was congenitally absent.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	238-242
1323613-1	1992	Phorbol ester (TPA) and retinoic acid (RA) are two potent immunomodulatory agents whose actions are mediated through distinct signal transduction pathways involving protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear RA receptors, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	183-186
1386860-5	1992	The CD44+ population includes very immature precursor T cells and produced high titers of IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma upon activation with calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	4-8
1386860-5	1992	The CD44+ population includes very immature precursor T cells and produced high titers of IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma upon activation with calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	90-94
1386860-5	1992	The CD44+ population includes very immature precursor T cells and produced high titers of IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma upon activation with calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	96-105
1386860-5	1992	The CD44+ population includes very immature precursor T cells and produced high titers of IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma upon activation with calcium ionophore and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	111-120
1643643-1	1992	To investigate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-dependent growth of human melanocytes, we analyzed the effects of phorbol ester treatment on both PKC expression and growth control in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	198-201
1643643-3	1992	The abilities of various phorbol ester compounds to stimulate DNA synthesis in these cultured melanocytes correlated with their known potencies for activation of PKC and tumor promotion.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	162-165
1644816-9	1992	Experiments employing phorbol esters and cAMP analogues indicate that VEGF mRNA expression is stimulated in preadipocytes by both protein kinase C and protein kinase A-mediated pathways.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	70-74
1643643-7	1992	These results, taken together, suggest that continuous activation of PKC by TPA, rather than the loss of PKC due to TPA-induced down-regulation, is responsible for the growth-stimulatory effects of phorbol esters on normal human melanocytes.	Phorbol Esters	198-212	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	69-72
1502168-3	1992	Upon activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester, CD4 is phosphorylated on cytoplasmic serine residues and internalized from the cell surface, and disruption of the CD4-p56lck complex occurs.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	54-57
1520340-3	1992	This effect can be elicited by low concentrations of phorbol ester (50pM to 1nM 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) or by hormonal agonists (0.1 microM carbamylcholine, 10pM bombesin, 1pM CCK-8) which activate protein kinase C, but not by agonists acting via alternate second messengers (VIP).	Phorbol Esters	53-66	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	177-185
1502168-3	1992	Upon activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester, CD4 is phosphorylated on cytoplasmic serine residues and internalized from the cell surface, and disruption of the CD4-p56lck complex occurs.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	169-172
1520340-3	1992	This effect can be elicited by low concentrations of phorbol ester (50pM to 1nM 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) or by hormonal agonists (0.1 microM carbamylcholine, 10pM bombesin, 1pM CCK-8) which activate protein kinase C, but not by agonists acting via alternate second messengers (VIP).	Phorbol Esters	53-66	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	191-194
1502168-3	1992	Upon activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester, CD4 is phosphorylated on cytoplasmic serine residues and internalized from the cell surface, and disruption of the CD4-p56lck complex occurs.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	173-179
1520340-3	1992	This effect can be elicited by low concentrations of phorbol ester (50pM to 1nM 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) or by hormonal agonists (0.1 microM carbamylcholine, 10pM bombesin, 1pM CCK-8) which activate protein kinase C, but not by agonists acting via alternate second messengers (VIP).	Phorbol Esters	53-66	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	291-294
1322276-0	1992	Epidermal growth factor, a phorbol ester, and 3",5"-cyclic adenosine monophosphate decrease the transcription of the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor gene in MA-10 Leydig tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	0-23
1330055-5	1992	Three different phorbol esters known to activate protein kinase C also synergistically potentiated the action of IL-1 beta on PGE2 formation.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	113-122
1379088-4	1992	GM-CSF-, IL-3-, and IL-5-treated Eos-HL-60 cells showed increased O2- production in response to phorbol esters (PMA), enhanced phagocytosis of Candida albicans, and release of the enzymes arylsulfatase, beta-glucuronidase and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-6
1379088-4	1992	GM-CSF-, IL-3-, and IL-5-treated Eos-HL-60 cells showed increased O2- production in response to phorbol esters (PMA), enhanced phagocytosis of Candida albicans, and release of the enzymes arylsulfatase, beta-glucuronidase and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
1379088-4	1992	GM-CSF-, IL-3-, and IL-5-treated Eos-HL-60 cells showed increased O2- production in response to phorbol esters (PMA), enhanced phagocytosis of Candida albicans, and release of the enzymes arylsulfatase, beta-glucuronidase and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO).	Phorbol Esters	96-110	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	20-24
1426703-1	1992	In neutrophils, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced the translocation of the Ca(++)- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C (PK-C) from the soluble to the particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	161-177
1426703-1	1992	In neutrophils, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced the translocation of the Ca(++)- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C (PK-C) from the soluble to the particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	179-183
1330568-9	1992	Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of an Asn/Val sequence for proteolytic processing of the TNF-R55 into soluble TNF-R55-BP and indicate that phorbol ester-induced downregulation of the TNF-R55 may be dissociated from proteolytic cleavage of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	104-111
1330568-9	1992	Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of an Asn/Val sequence for proteolytic processing of the TNF-R55 into soluble TNF-R55-BP and indicate that phorbol ester-induced downregulation of the TNF-R55 may be dissociated from proteolytic cleavage of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	125-132
1330568-9	1992	Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of an Asn/Val sequence for proteolytic processing of the TNF-R55 into soluble TNF-R55-BP and indicate that phorbol ester-induced downregulation of the TNF-R55 may be dissociated from proteolytic cleavage of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	125-132
1330568-8	1992	However, mutations of the cleavage site resulted in a decreased spontaneous and phorbol ester-induced release of soluble receptor (TNF-R55-BP) which was almost abolished when both Asn and Val were mutated.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	TNF receptor superfamily member 1A	Homo sapiens	131-138
1378491-4	1992	Neurotensin levels were up-regulated by elevated potassium, forskolin, and phorbol ester in bovine chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	neurotensin	Bos taurus	0-11
1446649-0	1992	Effect of a phorbol ester on immunoreactive endothelin-1 release from cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	44-56
1358619-8	1992	Using phorbol ester-activated, 51Cr-labelled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a cell adhesion assay, we demonstrated potent adhesive activity of ICAM-1 in GO-OF pretreated with IL-1a, TNFa, IFNg or Graves" IgGs, while all other compounds did not affect PBMC adhesion to GO-OF.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	158-164
1358619-8	1992	Using phorbol ester-activated, 51Cr-labelled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a cell adhesion assay, we demonstrated potent adhesive activity of ICAM-1 in GO-OF pretreated with IL-1a, TNFa, IFNg or Graves" IgGs, while all other compounds did not affect PBMC adhesion to GO-OF.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	190-195
1639858-2	1992	Using the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and calcium, two agents known to induce keratinocyte differentiation in vitro, we examined the expression of the genes encoding c-fos, c-myc, and c-jun; involucrin, a protein precursor of the keratinocyte cornified envelope; and L-7, a ribosomal protein.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	196-201
1639859-0	1992	Identification of multiple PKC isoforms in Swiss 3T3 cells: differential down-regulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	27-30
1378491-6	1992	When chromaffin cells were treated with phorbol ester in combination with forskolin, neurotensin levels were increased in a synergistic fashion, whereas phorbol ester antagonized the forskolin-induced elevation of substance P levels.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	neurotensin	Rattus norvegicus	85-96
1431306-2	1992	Human splenic T cells preactivated via the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex, as well as murine EL4 thymoma T cells preactivated with phorbol esters, stimulated human B cells via a species cross-reactive physical interaction to differentiate into antibody-producing cells.	Phorbol Esters	134-148	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	96-99
1378491-7	1992	Earlier, it was reported that galanin biosynthesis, like neurotensin biosynthesis, is upregulated by depolarization, phorbol ester stimulation, and forskolin treatment in chromaffin cells in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	neurotensin	Rattus norvegicus	57-68
1392081-2	1992	A luciferase reporter gene driven by the collagenase promoter that contains the AP-1 motif is responsive to cAMP as well as phorbol esters when transfected in PC12 cells.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
1527580-6	1992	Application of phorbol esters, which activate PKC, produced a slowly developing spike broadening but had little effect on excitability (a process known to be primarily cAMP dependent).	Phorbol Esters	15-29	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	46-49
1496019-1	1992	Phorbol ester tumor promoters activate gene transcription by regulating both the synthesis and posttranslational modification of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor, c-Jun and JunB are components of the mammalian AP-1 complex.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	133-152
1511783-2	1992	To evaluate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in this phenomenon, we studied the effect of down-regulating PKC by 12-h pretreatment with phorbol ester or by treatment with H-7, a protein kinase C inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	138-151	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
1496019-1	1992	Phorbol ester tumor promoters activate gene transcription by regulating both the synthesis and posttranslational modification of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor, c-Jun and JunB are components of the mammalian AP-1 complex.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	154-158
1496019-1	1992	Phorbol ester tumor promoters activate gene transcription by regulating both the synthesis and posttranslational modification of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor, c-Jun and JunB are components of the mammalian AP-1 complex.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	182-187
1496019-1	1992	Phorbol ester tumor promoters activate gene transcription by regulating both the synthesis and posttranslational modification of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor, c-Jun and JunB are components of the mammalian AP-1 complex.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	192-196
1322599-2	1992	Oligonucleotides encoding some of these sites bind specifically to purified NF-kappa B protein and an NF-kappa B-like protein in nuclear extracts of phorbol ester- or cycloheximide-induced human embryonic lung (HEL) cells.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	76-86
1322599-2	1992	Oligonucleotides encoding some of these sites bind specifically to purified NF-kappa B protein and an NF-kappa B-like protein in nuclear extracts of phorbol ester- or cycloheximide-induced human embryonic lung (HEL) cells.	Phorbol Esters	149-162	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	102-112
1496019-1	1992	Phorbol ester tumor promoters activate gene transcription by regulating both the synthesis and posttranslational modification of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor, c-Jun and JunB are components of the mammalian AP-1 complex.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	229-233
1496019-2	1992	Here we demonstrate that in U-937 human leukemic cells, phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of the amino terminus of human c-Jun (JUN) but not human JunB (JUNB).	Phorbol Esters	56-70	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	132-137
1497680-0	1992	Phorbol ester-mediated suppression of cytochrome P450 Cyp1a-1 induction in murine skin: involvement of protein kinase C. Epidermal 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was elevated greater than 100-fold within 4 to 7 h of topical treatment of SENCAR mice with 100 nmol dibenz[a,c]anthracene (DB[a,c]A).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	54-61
1321821-7	1992	Additionally, induction of p41/p44 tyrosine phosphorylation and MAP kinase activity by LPS appeared to be independent of activation of protein kinase C, even though phorbol esters also induced these responses.	Phorbol Esters	165-179	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
1321811-7	1992	NGF-dependent activation of raf-1 is not dependent on protein kinase C, since prolonged exposure to phorbol esters under conditions that cause down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C activity has no effect on the NGF response.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
1352990-8	1992	Either treatment with phorbol esters or withdrawal of sodium butyrate increased Pgp phosphorylation while decreasing vinblastine accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
1637804-0	1992	Phorbol ester-mediated downregulation of tropoelastin expression is controlled by a posttranscriptional mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	elastin	Bos taurus	41-53
1637804-3	1992	The tropoelastin promoter contains putative phorbol ester responsive elements, or AP-1 binding sites, but the functional significance of these sequences is unknown.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	elastin	Bos taurus	4-16
1617671-1	1992	We have compared the mechanisms of the transcriptional induction of c-fos in mouse epidermal cells JB6 (clone 30) by an extracellular burst of active oxygen of the type produced by inflammatory phagocytes to induction by serum and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	231-244	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	68-73
1633871-0	1992	Induction of thromboxane synthase and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase mRNAs in human erythroleukemia cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	114-127	thromboxane A synthase 1	Homo sapiens	13-33
1322137-15	1992	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also increased insulin promoter-driven CAT expression in the presence of 1 mM-, but not 11 mM-glucose.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	insulin	Homo sapiens	71-78
1535552-3	1992	Differentiation of HL60, several chronic myelogenous leukemias, a monocytic leukemia (THP-1), and a monoblastoid leukemia (U-937) could be induced by phorbol ester, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, dimethyl sulfoxide, or cyclic AMP analogues.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	86-91
1322494-8	1992	N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM), phorbol ester and Ca(2+)-phospholipid dependent protein kinase (C-kinase) which have been shown to interact with inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulating protein (Gi) also resulted in the attenuation of ANF-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	227-230
1324771-4	1992	A non-PKC activating phorbol ester (PE), 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate, produced no potentiation.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	6-9
1324771-9	1992	The train-evoked LTP was depressed by the PKC inhibitor H-7 at a concentration which antagonized the PE-evoked potentiation.	Phorbol Esters	101-103	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
1618838-7	1992	These findings, combined with the fact that phorbol esters down-regulate PKC and antagonize RA action suggest that PKC alpha plays a key role in the RA-induced melanoma differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	73-76
1618838-7	1992	These findings, combined with the fact that phorbol esters down-regulate PKC and antagonize RA action suggest that PKC alpha plays a key role in the RA-induced melanoma differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	115-124
1321047-0	1992	Phorbol esters, bombesin and insulin elicit differential responses on the 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase system in primary cultures of foetal and adult rat hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-126
1611082-8	1992	Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate, which mimic many effects of TNF-alpha on endothelial cells, have no effect on endothelial or human erytholeukemia (HEL)-cell GpIb alpha mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	98-107
1322131-8	1992	This, together with a comparison of the effects of phorbol esters on PFK-2 activity, suggests that pp60v-src stimulates, via protein kinase C, the transcription of a gene whose products is a distinct PFK-2 isoenzyme or a protein that activates PFK-2.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3	Homo sapiens	69-74
1628615-1	1992	Protein synthesis inhibitors strongly augment and prolong the usually transient induction of c-fos and c-jun by growth factors, phorbol esters etc., a phenomenon termed superinduction which is conventionally regarded as a secondary consequence of translational arrest.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	93-98
1628615-1	1992	Protein synthesis inhibitors strongly augment and prolong the usually transient induction of c-fos and c-jun by growth factors, phorbol esters etc., a phenomenon termed superinduction which is conventionally regarded as a secondary consequence of translational arrest.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	103-108
1612121-0	1992	Internalization, lysosomal degradation and new synthesis of surface membrane CD4 in phorbol ester-activated T-lymphocytes and U-937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	84-97	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	77-80
1628655-4	1992	Since TPA activates protein kinase C (PKC), other PKC-activating phorbol-ester analogues were tested and found to be effective, whereas the PKC inhibitor staurosporine reduced the potentiative activity of TPA.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	6-9
1612121-1	1992	Protein kinase C activating phorbol esters downregulated membrane CD4 by endocytosis in U-937 and human T-cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-69
1612121-11	1992	Our findings demonstrate that phorbol esters downregulate the cellular CD4 pool by endocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation of membrane CD4.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	71-74
1612121-11	1992	Our findings demonstrate that phorbol esters downregulate the cellular CD4 pool by endocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation of membrane CD4.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	144-147
1628655-0	1992	Transcriptional activation of human (2"-5")oligoadenylate synthetase gene expression by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate in type-I-interferon-treated HL-60 and HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	154-164
1628656-2	1992	Triggering differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes, monocytic U-937 or promyelocytic HL-60 precursor cells to macrophage-like cells by phorbol ester treatment transiently induced both a rapid reduction in surface CD4, demonstrated by flow-cytometry analysis, and a gradual loss of CD4 mRNA, revealed by Northern-blot analysis.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	219-222
1628656-2	1992	Triggering differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes, monocytic U-937 or promyelocytic HL-60 precursor cells to macrophage-like cells by phorbol ester treatment transiently induced both a rapid reduction in surface CD4, demonstrated by flow-cytometry analysis, and a gradual loss of CD4 mRNA, revealed by Northern-blot analysis.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	287-290
1628656-3	1992	Experiments in HL-60 cells to determine the cause of the observed decay in CD4 mRNA levels suggested that the half-life of CD4 transcripts did not diminish but increased after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	75-78
1628656-3	1992	Experiments in HL-60 cells to determine the cause of the observed decay in CD4 mRNA levels suggested that the half-life of CD4 transcripts did not diminish but increased after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	176-189	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	123-126
1628656-4	1992	Direct measurement of CD4 gene transcription by run-on analysis indicated that the rate of synthesis of new CD4 mRNA molecules was reduced approximately 10-fold after phorbol ester stimulation, whereas the rate of synthesis of c-fos mRNA resulted in a 2.5-fold increase.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	22-25
1628656-4	1992	Direct measurement of CD4 gene transcription by run-on analysis indicated that the rate of synthesis of new CD4 mRNA molecules was reduced approximately 10-fold after phorbol ester stimulation, whereas the rate of synthesis of c-fos mRNA resulted in a 2.5-fold increase.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	108-111
1628656-5	1992	These data suggest that phorbol ester treatment specifically reduces CD4 mRNA levels by repressing CD4 gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	69-72
1628656-5	1992	These data suggest that phorbol ester treatment specifically reduces CD4 mRNA levels by repressing CD4 gene transcription.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	99-102
1644861-3	1992	Extracts of cells expressing PKC-delta were able to bind phorbol ester to levels comparable to extracts of cells expressing PKC-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	29-38
1526653-3	1992	TNF was able to co-stimulate in a dose-response manner the proliferation of single positive (SP) CD3+ CD4+ or CD3+ CD8+ thymocytes in the presence of optimal doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), anti-CD3 antibodies or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	239-253	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
1493432-1	1992	Previous studies showed that the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 can be induced to undergo monocytic differentiation by tumor promoting phorbol esters (TPA), suggesting that protein kinase C (PK-C), the primary binding site of TPA, may play a role in the control of monocytic differentiation: The effect of exogenous phospholipase C (PLC) on THP-1 cells was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	68-73
1634619-6	1992	Quantitation by bioassay revealed baseline TGF beta secretion of approximately 1 ng/10(6) cells over 48 h. Stimulation of mastocytoma cells with phorbol ester increased the rate of release of TGF beta 1, most markedly in the first 30 min after stimulation, without increasing TGF beta 1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	43-51
1634619-6	1992	Quantitation by bioassay revealed baseline TGF beta secretion of approximately 1 ng/10(6) cells over 48 h. Stimulation of mastocytoma cells with phorbol ester increased the rate of release of TGF beta 1, most markedly in the first 30 min after stimulation, without increasing TGF beta 1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein	Canis lupus familiaris	192-202
1634619-6	1992	Quantitation by bioassay revealed baseline TGF beta secretion of approximately 1 ng/10(6) cells over 48 h. Stimulation of mastocytoma cells with phorbol ester increased the rate of release of TGF beta 1, most markedly in the first 30 min after stimulation, without increasing TGF beta 1 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein	Canis lupus familiaris	276-286
1319472-0	1992	Involvement of growth-associated protein-43 with irreversible neurite outgrowth by dibutyryl cyclic AMP and phorbol ester in NG108-15 cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	growth associated protein 43	Mus musculus	15-43
1388135-8	1992	Enhancement of CD23 expression via CD72 appeared to be selective for IL-4-dependent induction: the turn on of CD23 by tumour-promoting phorbol ester was left unaltered on the addition of BU40 antibody.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	15-19
1388135-8	1992	Enhancement of CD23 expression via CD72 appeared to be selective for IL-4-dependent induction: the turn on of CD23 by tumour-promoting phorbol ester was left unaltered on the addition of BU40 antibody.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	69-73
1388135-8	1992	Enhancement of CD23 expression via CD72 appeared to be selective for IL-4-dependent induction: the turn on of CD23 by tumour-promoting phorbol ester was left unaltered on the addition of BU40 antibody.	Phorbol Esters	135-148	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	110-114
1388136-0	1992	Phorbol ester synergizes with Ca2+ ionophore in activation of protein kinase C (PKC)alpha and PKC beta isoenzymes in human T cells and in induction of related cellular functions.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	80-89
1388136-0	1992	Phorbol ester synergizes with Ca2+ ionophore in activation of protein kinase C (PKC)alpha and PKC beta isoenzymes in human T cells and in induction of related cellular functions.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	94-102
1355050-0	1992	Regulated expression of vasopressin gene by cAMP and phorbol ester in primary rat fetal hypothalamic cultures.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	24-35
1493432-1	1992	Previous studies showed that the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 can be induced to undergo monocytic differentiation by tumor promoting phorbol esters (TPA), suggesting that protein kinase C (PK-C), the primary binding site of TPA, may play a role in the control of monocytic differentiation: The effect of exogenous phospholipase C (PLC) on THP-1 cells was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	183-199
1493432-1	1992	Previous studies showed that the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 can be induced to undergo monocytic differentiation by tumor promoting phorbol esters (TPA), suggesting that protein kinase C (PK-C), the primary binding site of TPA, may play a role in the control of monocytic differentiation: The effect of exogenous phospholipase C (PLC) on THP-1 cells was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	145-159	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	201-205
1380299-0	1992	Protein kinase C stimulates dense tubular Ca2+ uptake in the intact human platelet by increasing the Vm of the Ca(2+)-ATPase pump: stimulation by phorbol ester, inhibition by calphostin C.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
1322178-0	1992	The effects of the phospholipase A2 inhibitors aristolochic acid and PGBx on A23187-stimulated mobilization of arachidonate in human neutrophils are overcome by diacylglycerol or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	19-35
1352680-7	1992	When either dibutyryl cAMP, forskolin or theophylline was added in culture medium with A23187, phorbol ester or carbachol, a synergistic effect was found on pancreastatin and somatostatin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	95-108	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	175-187
1618787-2	1992	Protein kinase C (PKC), the major receptor for tumor-promoting phorbol esters, consists of a family of at least eight distinct lipid-regulated enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
1377951-0	1992	The effect of sphingosine and phorbol ester on the signal transduction enzymes and fibronectin release in cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	83-94
1377361-6	1992	Here we report that transfection of a calcineurin catalytic subunit increases the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the immunosuppressants FK-506 and CsA, and that a mutant subunit acts in synergy with phorbol ester alone to activate the interleukin-2 promoter in a drug-sensitive manner.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	243-256
1319055-6	1992	These findings indicate that phorbol ester-stimulated MAP kinase kinase can activate p42mapk by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylations, and that p42mapk thus does not require an autophosphorylation reaction.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	cyclin-dependent kinase 20	Mus musculus	85-88
1622389-5	1992	Down-regulation of protein kinase C-alpha by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters eliminated the ability of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, dioctanoylglycerol, thrombin and histamine to phosphorylate HSP27 above background levels and deceased interleukin-1-stimulated HSP27 phosphorylation by 60%.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	164-172
1622389-5	1992	Down-regulation of protein kinase C-alpha by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters eliminated the ability of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, dioctanoylglycerol, thrombin and histamine to phosphorylate HSP27 above background levels and deceased interleukin-1-stimulated HSP27 phosphorylation by 60%.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	204-209
1622389-5	1992	Down-regulation of protein kinase C-alpha by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters eliminated the ability of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, dioctanoylglycerol, thrombin and histamine to phosphorylate HSP27 above background levels and deceased interleukin-1-stimulated HSP27 phosphorylation by 60%.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	272-277
1618329-1	1992	The effect of the treatment of HeLa cells with a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the expression of the genes for the calpain family has been examined.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	calpain 2	Homo sapiens	163-170
1376316-7	1992	Depletion of PKC by prolonged incubation with phorbol esters also inhibited phagocytosis, and dose-response curves showed a strong correlation between the extent of PKC depletion and the extent of inhibition of ingestion.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
1319055-0	1992	The phorbol ester-dependent activator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p42mapk is a kinase with specificity for the threonine and tyrosine regulatory sites.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	78-85
1319055-6	1992	These findings indicate that phorbol ester-stimulated MAP kinase kinase can activate p42mapk by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylations, and that p42mapk thus does not require an autophosphorylation reaction.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	85-92
1318196-0	1992	Interference between pathway-specific transcription factors: glucocorticoids antagonize phorbol ester-induced AP-1 activity without altering AP-1 site occupation in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	110-114
1616052-0	1992	Effects of TNF-alpha and phorbol ester on human surfactant protein and MnSOD gene transcription in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	71-76
1616052-1	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) decrease the synthesis of surfactant proteins association with decreased SP-A and SP-B mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	180-184
1616052-1	1992	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) decrease the synthesis of surfactant proteins association with decreased SP-A and SP-B mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	189-193
1600615-1	1992	A green tea polyphenol fraction was evaluated for its ability to inhibit tumor initiation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tumor promotion by a phorbol ester in the skin of CD-1 mice.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	CD1 antigen complex	Mus musculus	180-184
1375896-4	1992	Uterine levels of c-fos mRNA observed after treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate are not decreased by a 3-h pretreatment with progesterone.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
1608942-0	1992	Phorbol esters stimulate the phosphorylation of c-Jun but not v-Jun: regulation by the N-terminal delta domain.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	48-53
1608942-1	1992	c-Jun and its oncogenic counterpart v-Jun are completely conserved within the region from Ser-63 to Ser-73; these serines are sites for phorbol ester-inducible c-Jun phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-5
1608942-1	1992	c-Jun and its oncogenic counterpart v-Jun are completely conserved within the region from Ser-63 to Ser-73; these serines are sites for phorbol ester-inducible c-Jun phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	160-165
1608942-2	1992	Using a U937 human leukemic cell line stably expressing v-Jun, we have demonstrated that phorbol esters stimulate the in vivo phosphorylation of c-Jun but not v-Jun.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	145-150
1375120-4	1992	Activation of 173 and 183 B-CLL cells by phorbol esters (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate [TPA]) to IgM secretion without concomitant DNA synthesis resulted in a rapid but transient downregulation of bcl-2 expression.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	204-209
1318196-1	1992	Phorbol esters stimulate and glucocorticoid hormones down-regulate a variety of promoters such as that of the collagenase gene through the transcription factor AP-1 (Fos/Jun).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	160-164
1318196-1	1992	Phorbol esters stimulate and glucocorticoid hormones down-regulate a variety of promoters such as that of the collagenase gene through the transcription factor AP-1 (Fos/Jun).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	166-169
1597146-4	1992	Dose-related effects of insulin on PKC translocation were also observed in the rat soleus in vitro, and this was associated with increased phosphorylation of 40- and 80-kilodalton proteins, which were also phosphorylated by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	24-31
1318196-2	1992	We now show by genomic footprinting of the collagenase promoter that phorbol ester treatment of cells results in the binding of AP-1 to its cognate DNA binding site in vivo.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	128-132
1597146-4	1992	Dose-related effects of insulin on PKC translocation were also observed in the rat soleus in vitro, and this was associated with increased phosphorylation of 40- and 80-kilodalton proteins, which were also phosphorylated by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	224-237	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
1597152-6	1992	CgB, SgII, and PRL were released in parallel after 10-min treatment with secretagogues (high K+ and BAY K8644, 8-bromo-cAMP, a phorbol ester, and TRH).	Phorbol Esters	127-140	chromogranin B	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1353131-4	1992	We have looked at the effects of a phorbol ester PMA and a haematopoietic growth factor GM-CSF on the expression of CD13 displayed by a selected group of myeloid leukaemias at presentation and by normal peripheral blood granulocytes.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	116-120
1597152-6	1992	CgB, SgII, and PRL were released in parallel after 10-min treatment with secretagogues (high K+ and BAY K8644, 8-bromo-cAMP, a phorbol ester, and TRH).	Phorbol Esters	127-140	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
1573389-9	1992	CPE secretion is stimulated two- to threefold by prolonged treatment (3-48 h) with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) but not by treatment with other secretagogues that stimulate CPE secretion from AtT-20 cells (forskolin, isoproterenol, A23187, and vasoactive intestinal peptide) or short (less than 3 h) exposure to TPA.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	carboxypeptidase E	Mus musculus	0-3
1597146-5	1992	A role for diacylglycerol-PKC signalling in insulin-stimulated glucose transport was suggested by studies of [3H]2-deoxyglucose ([3H]2-DOG) uptake in the rat soleus in vitro in that 1) PKC translocation and 2-DOG uptake were correlated; and 2) stimulatory effects of insulin and phorbol esters on 2-DOG uptake were apparently nonadditive.	Phorbol Esters	279-293	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
1597146-5	1992	A role for diacylglycerol-PKC signalling in insulin-stimulated glucose transport was suggested by studies of [3H]2-deoxyglucose ([3H]2-DOG) uptake in the rat soleus in vitro in that 1) PKC translocation and 2-DOG uptake were correlated; and 2) stimulatory effects of insulin and phorbol esters on 2-DOG uptake were apparently nonadditive.	Phorbol Esters	279-293	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	44-51
1572414-0	1992	Regulation of beta-actin gene transcription by insulin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	59-73	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	14-24
1572414-1	1992	Insulin and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, induce beta-actin gene transcription in H4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	71-81
1572414-4	1992	Pretreatment of cells with phorbol ester for 24 h, reducing functional protein kinase C activity, abolished the ability of phorbol esters to increase beta-actin transcription.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	150-160
1572414-4	1992	Pretreatment of cells with phorbol ester for 24 h, reducing functional protein kinase C activity, abolished the ability of phorbol esters to increase beta-actin transcription.	Phorbol Esters	123-137	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	150-160
1572414-5	1992	When insulin was added to phorbol ester-pretreated cells the insulin-induced increase in beta-actin transcription was reduced by 40-60%.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	insulin	Homo sapiens	5-12
1572414-5	1992	When insulin was added to phorbol ester-pretreated cells the insulin-induced increase in beta-actin transcription was reduced by 40-60%.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	insulin	Homo sapiens	61-68
1572414-5	1992	When insulin was added to phorbol ester-pretreated cells the insulin-induced increase in beta-actin transcription was reduced by 40-60%.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	POTE ankyrin domain family member F	Homo sapiens	89-99
1378917-4	1992	However surface expression of CD20 was induced by phorbol ester (TPA) on both LiLa-1 and LK63 cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	30-34
1321770-1	1992	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and is known to affect a variety of biochemical processes in human breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	86-102
1321770-1	1992	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and is known to affect a variety of biochemical processes in human breast cancer cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	104-107
1634016-10	1992	The reduced potency of H7 seen on LHRH priming compared to phorbol ester-induced gonadotropin release parallels results seen with this inhibitor on phorbol ester-induced secretion of growth hormone (Johnson and Mitchell (1989) Biochem.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	183-197
1594242-4	1992	This overexpression of c-fos was not modified in response to protein kinase C agonists such as phorbol esters, but increased in response to the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	95-109	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	23-28
1375454-6	1992	Conversely, activation of protein kinase C pathway alone by phorbol esters leads to inhibition of IsK activity.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	potassium channel, voltage gated subfamily E regulatory beta subunit 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	98-101
1404497-1	1992	A morphologically differentiated strain of rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12H) metabolically labeled with [35S]methionine and incubated with a phorbol ester displayed reduced 140-kDa and increased 15 kDa bands relative to cells incubated without phorbol ester after immunoprecipitation with antisera elicited by the C-terminal peptide of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP).	Phorbol Esters	137-150	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	346-371
1375753-4	1992	It is reported here that activation of lymph node T cells through the antigen-specific receptor, or direct activation of PKC by phorbol esters, results in a striking increase in cells expressing a cytoplasmic aggregate of spectrin.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	121-124
1383560-1	1992	We have previously shown that the phorbol ester, TPA, which activates protein kinase C, causes, in PC12 cells, a transcriptional activation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the key enzyme in catecholamine synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	143-163
1383560-1	1992	We have previously shown that the phorbol ester, TPA, which activates protein kinase C, causes, in PC12 cells, a transcriptional activation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the key enzyme in catecholamine synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	165-167
1584769-4	1992	(i) They inhibited the peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase activity of cyclophilin and the synthesis of interleukin 2 by phorbol ester-activated EL-4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	103-116
1587265-1	1992	Stimulation of human monocytes by lipopolysaccharide or phorbol ester resulted in an increase in thromboxane-B2 and prostaglandin-E2 production, whereas interleukin 1, tumour necrosis factor alpha and leukotriene C4 exerted no effects.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	153-196
1584769-14	1992	(vi) CBD covalently linked to crosslinked agarose beads inhibited interleukin 2 production by phorbol ester-stimulated EL-4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	66-79
1584758-5	1992	This fusion product has a dominant negative effect on the transcriptional activation elicited by phorbol esters, c-Jun, c-Fos, Ras and E1A on an AP-1-responsive site.	Phorbol Esters	97-111	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	145-149
1378752-6	1992	Resolution of tryptic phosphopeptides from EGF receptor demonstrated that TNF-induced phosphorylation of EGF receptor was similar, but not identical, to profiles obtained from EGF-treated cells and distinct when compared to the actions of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	239-252	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	74-77
1376037-0	1992	CD5-like phorbol-ester responsiveness in conventional B cells activated through surface immunoglobulin.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
1590767-5	1992	Although PKC-delta and PKC-L(eta) bind phorbol ester to a similar or the same extent as PKC-gamma, they show a distinctively different behaviour towards conventional PKC substrates such as histone, myelin basic protein, protamine and protamine sulphate, suggesting either that phorbol esters are not able to fully activate these enzymes or that their substrate specificities are very different from those of the group A enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	protein kinase C eta	Homo sapiens	23-28
1590767-5	1992	Although PKC-delta and PKC-L(eta) bind phorbol ester to a similar or the same extent as PKC-gamma, they show a distinctively different behaviour towards conventional PKC substrates such as histone, myelin basic protein, protamine and protamine sulphate, suggesting either that phorbol esters are not able to fully activate these enzymes or that their substrate specificities are very different from those of the group A enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	9-12
1590767-5	1992	Although PKC-delta and PKC-L(eta) bind phorbol ester to a similar or the same extent as PKC-gamma, they show a distinctively different behaviour towards conventional PKC substrates such as histone, myelin basic protein, protamine and protamine sulphate, suggesting either that phorbol esters are not able to fully activate these enzymes or that their substrate specificities are very different from those of the group A enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	277-291	protein kinase C eta	Homo sapiens	23-28
1590767-5	1992	Although PKC-delta and PKC-L(eta) bind phorbol ester to a similar or the same extent as PKC-gamma, they show a distinctively different behaviour towards conventional PKC substrates such as histone, myelin basic protein, protamine and protamine sulphate, suggesting either that phorbol esters are not able to fully activate these enzymes or that their substrate specificities are very different from those of the group A enzymes.	Phorbol Esters	277-291	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	9-12
1577756-5	1992	In the present study, the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), stimulated c-fos transcription in a rapid and dose-dependent manner with an 800% increase in transcription following 15-30 min of addition.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
1317101-0	1992	Phorbol ester inhibits erythropoietin production in human hepatoma cells (Hep G2).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	23-37
1317101-3	1992	The phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13 acetate (PMA) led to a concentration-dependent inhibition of basal and stimulated EPO formation (ED50 10 nM).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	124-127
1571552-5	1992	This conclusion derives from the observation that c-jun expression mediated via protein kinase C activation with phorbol ester (12-0-tetra decanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA) treatment does not lead to c-myc expression in parent FDC-P1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	50-55
1628893-2	1992	When human leukaemia THP-1 and PL-21 cells were pretreated with phorbol ester, IFN-gamma-dependent induction of MHC class II gene was markedly enhanced.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	79-88
1576658-3	1992	Conversely, in both substrains there was a progressive age-related increase in the proportion of splenocytes expressing high levels of LFA-1, and a parallel increase in the degree of LFA-1-dependent cell aggregation induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	integrin beta 2	Mus musculus	183-188
1577066-4	1992	Anti-AIM monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were able to induce TNF-alpha secretion in T cells when protein kinase C (PKC) was simultaneously activated by treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	163-177	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	57-66
1563479-1	1992	We correlated cell cycle progression and vimentin expression at the single cell level by multiparameter flow cytometry in populations of MPC-11 cells enriched in different cell cycle phases by centrifugal elutriation and subsequently treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	251-264	vimentin	Mus musculus	41-49
1373738-5	1992	A further enhancement of VLA-4-mediated T cell binding to VCAM-1 and fibronectin could be observed when already in vivo-activated synovial T cells were stimulated in vitro with phorbol esters, suggesting the existence of several cellular affinity levels for both very late activation-4 (VLA-4) ligands.	Phorbol Esters	177-191	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	58-64
1314883-4	1992	Micromolar amounts of PDTC reversibly suppressed the release of the inhibitory subunit I kappa B from the latent cytoplasmic form of NF-kappa B in cells treated with phorbol ester, interleukin 1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	133-143
1315324-6	1992	Like phorbol esters, okadaic acid treatment also activates AP-1 enhancer activity and induces the phosphorylation of c-Jun protein.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	117-122
1373738-5	1992	A further enhancement of VLA-4-mediated T cell binding to VCAM-1 and fibronectin could be observed when already in vivo-activated synovial T cells were stimulated in vitro with phorbol esters, suggesting the existence of several cellular affinity levels for both very late activation-4 (VLA-4) ligands.	Phorbol Esters	177-191	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	69-80
1374069-8	1992	The anti-beta 1-mediated changes in the affinities of beta 1 integrin for their ligands were comparable to those triggered by different lymphocyte activation agents such as anti-CD3 mAb or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	9-15
1374069-8	1992	The anti-beta 1-mediated changes in the affinities of beta 1 integrin for their ligands were comparable to those triggered by different lymphocyte activation agents such as anti-CD3 mAb or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	54-69
1603084-4	1992	Treatment of cells in serum-free medium containing 0.25% BSA (MEM + BSA) with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) decreased IGF-I and increased bFGF mRNA levels in a time- and dose-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-165
1349320-5	1992	Phorbol ester-stimulated lymphoblasts, which adhere more strongly to ICAM-1-bearing substrates than unstimulated lymphoblasts, were still capable of locomotion on ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	69-75
1349320-5	1992	Phorbol ester-stimulated lymphoblasts, which adhere more strongly to ICAM-1-bearing substrates than unstimulated lymphoblasts, were still capable of locomotion on ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	163-169
1349320-6	1992	Phorbol ester stimulation of B lymphoblasts on planar bilayers bearing LFA-1 promoted a rapid conversion from "stalk" attachment to symmetrical spreading of the cell on the substrate.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	71-76
1349320-8	1992	In contrast, ICAM-1 was concentrated in the stalk-like structure through which the unstimulated B lymphoblasts adhered to LFA-1 in planar bilayers, but ICAM-1 immunofluorescence became more uniformly distributed over the cell surface within minutes of phorbol ester addition.	Phorbol Esters	252-265	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	13-19
1349321-0	1992	A protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester accelerates the T cell antigen receptor-stimulated phosphatidylinositol cycle in normal human CD4+ T cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	138-141
1593910-8	1992	Regulation of evi-1 RNA in UCSD/AML1 cells was similar to that of actin transcripts in response to cycloheximide or phorbol-ester-induced macrophage differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	116-129	RUNX family transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
1593910-11	1992	In contrast, c-myc was expressed at high levels in UCSD/AML1 cells and showed evidence for specific regulation in response to cycloheximide, phorbol ester, and GM-CSF withdrawal and restimulation.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	13-18
1348524-1	1992	c-fos mRNA and Fos-like protein(s) (FLP) are induced in cultured cortical neurons by glutamate, high K+, phorbol ester, basic fibroblast growth factor, Zn2+, and vasoactive intestinal peptide.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-5
1348524-1	1992	c-fos mRNA and Fos-like protein(s) (FLP) are induced in cultured cortical neurons by glutamate, high K+, phorbol ester, basic fibroblast growth factor, Zn2+, and vasoactive intestinal peptide.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-18
1348524-3	1992	These antagonists partially block high K(+)-, phorbol ester-, Zn(2+)-, and VIP-induced c-fos mRNA expression, but have no effect on bFGF-induced c-fos mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	87-92
1603084-4	1992	Treatment of cells in serum-free medium containing 0.25% BSA (MEM + BSA) with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) decreased IGF-I and increased bFGF mRNA levels in a time- and dose-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	180-184
1591273-8	1992	Combination of phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C with ionophores that increase cell calcium mimics the actions of CCK and carbachol on cAMP levels in cholera toxin-treated chief cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	cholecystokinin	Homo sapiens	126-129
1635909-3	1992	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) also stimulated hCG release while two non-tumor-promoting compounds, phorbol and 4 alpha-phorbol, failed to stimulate hCG release.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	92-95
1635909-3	1992	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) also stimulated hCG release while two non-tumor-promoting compounds, phorbol and 4 alpha-phorbol, failed to stimulate hCG release.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	194-197
1569057-6	1992	Dexamethasone also blocks both phorbol ester- and forskolin-induced TIS10 mRNA accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	68-73
1349016-4	1992	Analysis of IL-2R alpha expression by transient transfection of IL-2R alpha promoter constructs into the HB24 transfectants revealed constitutive expression (about 60% of phytohemagglutinin- and phorbol ester-activated Jurkat cells) that was dependent on the kappa B site in the IL-2R alpha promoter.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	12-23
1349016-4	1992	Analysis of IL-2R alpha expression by transient transfection of IL-2R alpha promoter constructs into the HB24 transfectants revealed constitutive expression (about 60% of phytohemagglutinin- and phorbol ester-activated Jurkat cells) that was dependent on the kappa B site in the IL-2R alpha promoter.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-75
1349016-4	1992	Analysis of IL-2R alpha expression by transient transfection of IL-2R alpha promoter constructs into the HB24 transfectants revealed constitutive expression (about 60% of phytohemagglutinin- and phorbol ester-activated Jurkat cells) that was dependent on the kappa B site in the IL-2R alpha promoter.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	H2.0 like homeobox	Homo sapiens	105-109
1349016-4	1992	Analysis of IL-2R alpha expression by transient transfection of IL-2R alpha promoter constructs into the HB24 transfectants revealed constitutive expression (about 60% of phytohemagglutinin- and phorbol ester-activated Jurkat cells) that was dependent on the kappa B site in the IL-2R alpha promoter.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	64-75
1373611-3	1992	We found that i) PKC activity is higher in differentiated than in non-differentiated cells; ii) the mRNA levels of PKC delta and -eta/L, while are differently affected by spontaneous keratinocyte differentiation, are down-regulated during phorbol esters-induced cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	239-253	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	17-20
1577171-1	1992	In the human T-cell lymphoma line, HuT 78, proliferation and phorbol ester-induced growth arrest and differentiation were inhibited by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, staurosporine.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	157-160
1373611-3	1992	We found that i) PKC activity is higher in differentiated than in non-differentiated cells; ii) the mRNA levels of PKC delta and -eta/L, while are differently affected by spontaneous keratinocyte differentiation, are down-regulated during phorbol esters-induced cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	239-253	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	115-124
1373611-3	1992	We found that i) PKC activity is higher in differentiated than in non-differentiated cells; ii) the mRNA levels of PKC delta and -eta/L, while are differently affected by spontaneous keratinocyte differentiation, are down-regulated during phorbol esters-induced cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	239-253	endothelin receptor type A	Homo sapiens	130-133
1373168-7	1992	IL-4 most likely utilizes a protein kinase C-independent signal transduction pathway to modify CD20 molecule inasmuch as staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, antagonizes phorbol esters (PMA) but not IL-4-induced CD20 down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	182-196	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
1314098-3	1992	Control fibroblasts respond to mannose 6-phosphate, IGF I, IGF II and tumor promoting phorbol esters with a rapid redistribution of mannose 6-phosphate/IGF II receptors from internal membranes to the cell surface.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	insulin like growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	152-158
1373168-7	1992	IL-4 most likely utilizes a protein kinase C-independent signal transduction pathway to modify CD20 molecule inasmuch as staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, antagonizes phorbol esters (PMA) but not IL-4-induced CD20 down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	182-196	membrane spanning 4-domains A1	Homo sapiens	95-99
1451778-0	1992	Phorbol ester-induced secretion of human hepatocyte growth factor by human skin fibroblasts and its inhibition by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	41-65
1313028-0	1992	Phorbol esters inhibit the dioxin receptor-mediated transcriptional activation of the mouse Cyp1a-1 and Cyp1a-2 genes by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	92-99
1451778-2	1992	This hHGF secretion was remarkably stimulated by protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol esters, which was inhibited by the simultaneous addition of dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	5-9
1317213-0	1992	Inhibition of interferon-gamma- and phorbol ester-induced HLA-DR and interleukin-1 production by the expression of a transfected poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase gene in human leukemia THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	69-82
1317213-0	1992	Inhibition of interferon-gamma- and phorbol ester-induced HLA-DR and interleukin-1 production by the expression of a transfected poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase gene in human leukemia THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	129-156
1317213-0	1992	Inhibition of interferon-gamma- and phorbol ester-induced HLA-DR and interleukin-1 production by the expression of a transfected poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase gene in human leukemia THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	180-185
1317213-4	1992	When THP-1 cells were treated with either interferon-gamma or phorbol ester, mRNA level of the synthetase decreased and HLA-DR or interleukin-1 was induced, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	5-10
1317213-4	1992	When THP-1 cells were treated with either interferon-gamma or phorbol ester, mRNA level of the synthetase decreased and HLA-DR or interleukin-1 was induced, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	130-143
1317213-6	1992	An expression of the exogenous synthetase gene inhibited the interferon-gamma- and phorbol ester-dependent induction of HLA-DR and interleukin-1.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	131-144
1313028-0	1992	Phorbol esters inhibit the dioxin receptor-mediated transcriptional activation of the mouse Cyp1a-1 and Cyp1a-2 genes by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Mus musculus	104-111
1312452-2	1992	Activation of PKC by incubation for 4 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in a comparable dose-dependent decrease in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 binding in the osteoblast-like cell lines UMR 106 and ROS 17/2.8, with a maximum inhibition at 100 nM and an IC50 at 5 nM PMA.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
1315627-7	1992	The work described in this paper suggests that BSF induces epidermal ODC by a very specific mechanism that exhibits both similarities and differences with that of the phorbol ester, TPA.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	69-72
1631796-0	1992	Induction of tissue factor synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells involves protein kinase C. Incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with one of the following compounds: endotoxin, recombinant interleukin-1 beta, recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha, allogenic lymphocyte subpopulations or phorbol ester resulted in significant induction of tissue factor synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	319-332	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	13-26
1566818-2	1992	The B lymphoblastoid line JY expresses both LFA-1 and ICAM-1, and intercellular adhesion is enhanced by treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which also induced capping of LFA-1, ICAM-1, and human leukocyte antigen.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	54-60
1566818-2	1992	The B lymphoblastoid line JY expresses both LFA-1 and ICAM-1, and intercellular adhesion is enhanced by treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which also induced capping of LFA-1, ICAM-1, and human leukocyte antigen.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	206-211
1566818-2	1992	The B lymphoblastoid line JY expresses both LFA-1 and ICAM-1, and intercellular adhesion is enhanced by treatment with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which also induced capping of LFA-1, ICAM-1, and human leukocyte antigen.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	213-219
1544377-2	1992	A 48-h exposure of murine plasmacytomas MPC-11 to the phorbol ester TPA reduces their growth and induces vimentin synthesis without affecting the composition of their nuclear lamina.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	vimentin	Mus musculus	105-113
1372239-4	1992	IL-1 alpha amplified the effect of phorbol myristate acetate to increase the VIP content of chromaffin cells, but antagonized phorbol ester-induced elevation of neurotensin levels.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-10
1372239-4	1992	IL-1 alpha amplified the effect of phorbol myristate acetate to increase the VIP content of chromaffin cells, but antagonized phorbol ester-induced elevation of neurotensin levels.	Phorbol Esters	126-139	neurotensin	Homo sapiens	161-172
1348033-4	1992	After stimulation with CD3 monoclonal antibody and phorbol ester, CD27+ cells produced vast amounts of interleukin (IL)-2 but minimal amounts of IL-4, whereas in marked contrast, CD27- T cells secreted low levels of IL-2 and high levels of IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	CD27 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-70
1348033-4	1992	After stimulation with CD3 monoclonal antibody and phorbol ester, CD27+ cells produced vast amounts of interleukin (IL)-2 but minimal amounts of IL-4, whereas in marked contrast, CD27- T cells secreted low levels of IL-2 and high levels of IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	103-121
1313074-6	1992	Biochemical agents that diminish EGF receptor ligand binding (phorbol ester or calcium ionophore treatment) produce opposite effects on the IGF-I receptor.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	33-45
1348239-3	1992	Incubation with receptor agonists and phorbol ester led to the desensitization of receptor-mediated cyclic guanosine monophosphate (ANP-B receptor response) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	natriuretic peptide receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	132-137
1348239-4	1992	Although a PKC inhibitor and downregulation of PKC by long-term incubation of cells with phorbol esters blocked the phorbol ester-induced desensitization of the ANP-B receptor response, they did not block the ANP-induced desensitization of the ANP-B receptor response.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	natriuretic peptide receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	161-166
1348239-4	1992	Although a PKC inhibitor and downregulation of PKC by long-term incubation of cells with phorbol esters blocked the phorbol ester-induced desensitization of the ANP-B receptor response, they did not block the ANP-induced desensitization of the ANP-B receptor response.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	natriuretic peptide receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	161-166
1348239-6	1992	These observations suggest that the mechanism for regulating ANP-B receptor sensitivity may be both PKC-dependent and PKC-independent and mediated by phorbol esters and ANP, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	150-164	natriuretic peptide receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	61-66
1313074-6	1992	Biochemical agents that diminish EGF receptor ligand binding (phorbol ester or calcium ionophore treatment) produce opposite effects on the IGF-I receptor.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	insulin like growth factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	140-154
1372649-4	1992	CD28-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation was greatly enhanced in cells that had been preactivated by ligation of the TCR, or by pretreatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	151-165	CD28 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-4
1374838-5	1992	The phorbol ester PMA did not alter T- or L-type Ca2+ current or 45Ca2+ uptake by GH4C1 cells, but triggered large increases in both c-fos and NGFI-A mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	133-138
1545132-3	1992	Phorbol esters are required to induce AIM/CD69 cell-surface expression as well as for triggering the proliferation of T cells in conjunction with anti-AIM mAb.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	42-46
1545132-4	1992	Mobility shift assays showed that addition of anti-AIM mAb to PMA-treated T lymphocytes markedly enhanced the binding activity of AP-1 to its cognate sequence, the phorbol ester response element.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	130-134
1312672-8	1992	Depletion of protein kinase C by prolonged treatment with phorbol ester led to the complete suppression of CYP1A1 mRNA induction by TCDD.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	107-113
1569926-10	1992	Preincubation of cells with phorbol esters strongly inhibits the NPY-induced release of intracellular Ca2+ in HEL cells, an effect that is partially prevented by preincubation of the cells with H7, a protein kinase C inhibitor.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	neuropeptide Y	Homo sapiens	65-68
1374838-5	1992	The phorbol ester PMA did not alter T- or L-type Ca2+ current or 45Ca2+ uptake by GH4C1 cells, but triggered large increases in both c-fos and NGFI-A mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-149
1571784-2	1992	The molecular events leading to these responses are not fully understood, but one possible mediator of NGF"s actions is protein kinase C (PKC), which can be directly activated by phorbol esters, including phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	179-193	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	103-106
1513419-0	1992	Changes of phorbol ester binding sites in rat brain following intracerebroventricular administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH): an in vitro macroautoradiographic investigation.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	104-133
1513419-0	1992	Changes of phorbol ester binding sites in rat brain following intracerebroventricular administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH): an in vitro macroautoradiographic investigation.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
1312393-3	1992	We report that in PC12 cells, expression of a dominant inhibitory mutant of ras, c-Ha-ras(Asn-17), antagonizes growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced activation of the erk-encoded family of MAP kinases, the 85-92 kd RSKs, and the kinase(s) responsible for hyperphosphorylation of the proto-oncogene product Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
1312393-3	1992	We report that in PC12 cells, expression of a dominant inhibitory mutant of ras, c-Ha-ras(Asn-17), antagonizes growth factor- and phorbol ester-induced activation of the erk-encoded family of MAP kinases, the 85-92 kd RSKs, and the kinase(s) responsible for hyperphosphorylation of the proto-oncogene product Raf-1.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	309-314
1547736-3	1992	Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, another phorbol ester that activates PKC, also exerted an inhibitory effect, while the inactive 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate failed to affect aldosterone production.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	63-66
1547737-4	1992	Phorbol ester treatment to activate the protein kinase-C pathway increased CRH mRNA levels up to 30-fold, whereas forskolin treatment to activate the protein kinase-A pathway had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	75-78
1547737-5	1992	In coincubation experiments, dexamethasone completely suppressed phorbol ester-induced CRH mRNA levels in NPLC cells, maintaining them at the levels seen in untreated cells.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	87-90
1609122-1	1992	Phorbol esters, potent activators of protein kinase C (PKC), greatly enhance the release of arachidonic acid and its metabolites (TXA2, HETES, HHT) by Ca2+ ionophores in human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	37-53
1609122-1	1992	Phorbol esters, potent activators of protein kinase C (PKC), greatly enhance the release of arachidonic acid and its metabolites (TXA2, HETES, HHT) by Ca2+ ionophores in human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	55-58
1313426-10	1992	Loss of responsiveness to thrombin and TRP42/55 was also observed following addition of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	92-105	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	26-34
1313426-10	1992	Loss of responsiveness to thrombin and TRP42/55 was also observed following addition of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	92-105	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	145-148
1521562-4	1992	Phorbol ester and phospholipase C induced the release of both t-PA and vWF, while phospholipase A2 did not.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	62-66
1521562-4	1992	Phorbol ester and phospholipase C induced the release of both t-PA and vWF, while phospholipase A2 did not.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	von Willebrand factor	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
1584205-8	1992	Maximal expression of LDH-A mRNA requires both phorbol ester and concanavalin A, implying a complex regulatory pathway involving cascade systems activated through both the antigen receptor (TR) and protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	22-27
1371717-0	1992	Tumor-promoting phorbol ester down-regulates the androgen induction of prostate-specific antigen in a human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	71-96
1554749-1	1992	Phorbol esters, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and serum induce the transient expression of the c-jun and c-fos proto-oncogenes in quiescent fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	95-100
1554749-1	1992	Phorbol esters, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and serum induce the transient expression of the c-jun and c-fos proto-oncogenes in quiescent fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	105-110
1554749-2	1992	While phorbol esters such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) are thought to induce the transcription of these genes by activating protein kinase C (PKC), the signal transduction pathway(s) mediating the effects of EGF and serum are still unclear.	Phorbol Esters	6-20	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	220-223
1347308-2	1992	Adherence to rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells by human neutrophils and endothelial cell killing by phorbol ester-activated human neutrophils required CD11b, CD11c, and CD18.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	156-161
1347308-2	1992	Adherence to rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells by human neutrophils and endothelial cell killing by phorbol ester-activated human neutrophils required CD11b, CD11c, and CD18.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	integrin subunit alpha X	Homo sapiens	163-168
1347308-2	1992	Adherence to rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells by human neutrophils and endothelial cell killing by phorbol ester-activated human neutrophils required CD11b, CD11c, and CD18.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	174-178
1371717-5	1992	However, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a direct activator of PKC, showed a time- and dose-dependent repression of the androgen regulation of PSA glycoprotein and mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	174-177
1371996-3	1992	By monitoring the phosphorylation of p80 upon exposure to phorbol ester or ET, it was shown that ET activated PKC in atrial cultures, but to a lesser extent than phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	coilin	Homo sapiens	37-40
1371717-9	1992	In summary, the androgenic regulation of PSA protein and mRNA is repressed by tumor-promoting phorbol esters through the PKC pathway.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	41-44
1531783-1	1992	Treatment of human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60, U-937, THP-1) with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is associated with differentiation along the monocytic lineage.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	57-62
1537859-0	1992	Effect of phorbol esters on protein kinase C-zeta.	Phorbol Esters	10-24	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	28-49
1544907-8	1992	In addition, CD31 phosphorylation in platelets was induced by phorbol ester and was blocked by staurosporin, a protein kinase C inhibitor, suggesting that CD31 phosphorylation is mediated by protein kinase C and involves serine and/or threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
1544907-8	1992	In addition, CD31 phosphorylation in platelets was induced by phorbol ester and was blocked by staurosporin, a protein kinase C inhibitor, suggesting that CD31 phosphorylation is mediated by protein kinase C and involves serine and/or threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
1541812-7	1992	However, when treated with phorbol ester or heat shock, these hsp28- cell lines synthesize hsp28 followed by the onset growth arrest.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
1541812-7	1992	However, when treated with phorbol ester or heat shock, these hsp28- cell lines synthesize hsp28 followed by the onset growth arrest.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
1339449-1	1992	The TIS10 cDNA was cloned as a primary response gene transcript whose mRNA rapidly accumulates in 3T3 cells treated with serum, polypeptide growth factors, or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	159-173	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	4-9
1339449-7	1992	A 1-kilobase sequence located immediately proximal to the start site of transcription of the TIS10 gene can confer phorbol ester and serum inducibility to a luciferase reporter gene following transient transfection into NIH 3T3 cells, suggesting that this region of the gene is responsible for transcriptional regulation of the TIS10 gene by mitogens in fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	93-98
1537859-1	1992	Protein kinase C-zeta (PKC-zeta) is a member of the protein kinase C gene family which using in vitro preparations has been described as being resistant to activation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	170-184	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	0-21
1537859-1	1992	Protein kinase C-zeta (PKC-zeta) is a member of the protein kinase C gene family which using in vitro preparations has been described as being resistant to activation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	170-184	protein kinase C zeta	Homo sapiens	23-31
1547524-0	1992	Staurosporine, a potent protein kinase C inhibitor, augments phorbol ester-caused ornithine decarboxylase induction in mouse epidermis.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	82-105
1313646-7	1992	Pretreatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, significantly blunted initial response to BK and to carbachol by 70 and 86%, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	112-114
1537291-10	1992	Direct stimulation of PKC by phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB), resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent elevation of PAI-1 mRNA levels, similar to that caused by Ang II (maximal stimulation of 20-fold with 100 nM PDB for 4 h).	Phorbol Esters	29-42	serpin family E member 1	Rattus norvegicus	137-142
1616823-7	1992	The hPKC alpha overexpressing cells were able to grow in soft agarose after treatment with phorbol ester such as TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate).	Phorbol Esters	91-104	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	4-14
1616823-8	1992	After phorbol ester and interferon treatment a stronger expression of the protooncogene c-jun was detectable in the hPKC alpha overexpressing cells, whereas expression of c-fos and c-myc was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	88-93
1616823-8	1992	After phorbol ester and interferon treatment a stronger expression of the protooncogene c-jun was detectable in the hPKC alpha overexpressing cells, whereas expression of c-fos and c-myc was not affected.	Phorbol Esters	6-19	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	116-126
1545152-3	1992	After 6-h treatment with the phorbol ester PMA, gene expression for IL-1 alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-3, and the IL-6 receptor were increased.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	68-78
1547944-1	1992	The PEA3 motif, first recognized in the polyomavirus enhancer, is an oncogene, serum growth factor, and phorbol ester-responsive element.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	ets variant 4	Mus musculus	4-8
1547824-6	1992	In T lymphocytes, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters is sufficient to stimulate p21ras.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	102-108
1545152-3	1992	After 6-h treatment with the phorbol ester PMA, gene expression for IL-1 alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-3, and the IL-6 receptor were increased.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	80-128
1545152-3	1992	After 6-h treatment with the phorbol ester PMA, gene expression for IL-1 alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-3, and the IL-6 receptor were increased.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	130-136
1545152-3	1992	After 6-h treatment with the phorbol ester PMA, gene expression for IL-1 alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-3, and the IL-6 receptor were increased.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	139-143
1545152-3	1992	After 6-h treatment with the phorbol ester PMA, gene expression for IL-1 alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-3, and the IL-6 receptor were increased.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	153-157
1498520-3	1992	PKC is involved in many cell processes such as the transduction of hormonal signals and the machinery of cellular secretion and is activated by diacylglycerol and by a number of phorbol esters, including phorbol myristic acid (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	178-192	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
1545811-1	1992	The tumor promoters phorbol esters are thought to induce changes in cell growth and gene expression by direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	20-34	protein kinase C eta	Homo sapiens	142-145
1545816-0	1992	The core promoter region of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene confers phorbol ester responsiveness to upstream transcriptional activators.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	32-59
1545823-6	1992	Regulation of nuclear MAP kinase and RSK activities by growth factors and phorbol ester is coordinate with immediate-early gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	ribosomal protein S6 kinase A2	Homo sapiens	37-40
1545825-4	1992	In this paper, we report that overexpression of GAP blocks the phorbol ester (tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate [TPA])-induced activation of p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42mapk), c-fos expression, and DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	137-173
1545825-4	1992	In this paper, we report that overexpression of GAP blocks the phorbol ester (tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate [TPA])-induced activation of p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42mapk), c-fos expression, and DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	175-182
1545825-4	1992	In this paper, we report that overexpression of GAP blocks the phorbol ester (tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate [TPA])-induced activation of p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p42mapk), c-fos expression, and DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	185-190
1537879-8	1992	Both thrombin-stimulated cell proliferation and protein synthesis required protein kinase C activation since these effects were blocked by 10 microM H7, an inhibitor of protein kinases, and by desensitization of protein kinase C by phorbol ester pretreatment of the cells.	Phorbol Esters	232-245	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	5-13
1740667-3	1992	We have previously shown that prolonged treatment of the untransformed T cell clone Ar-5 with phorbol esters results in downmodulation of the alpha and beta isozymes of PKC, and abrogates induction of IL-2 mRNA and protein.	Phorbol Esters	94-108	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	201-205
1740667-4	1992	Here we show that phorbol ester treatment also abolishes induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in Ar-5 cells transfected with a plasmid containing the IL-2 promoter linked to this reporter gene.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	169-173
1515574-2	1992	The amplitude of such responses is significantly increased by superfusion of the slice with 10 microM 4 beta-phorbol 12,13 diacetate (PDAc), a phorbol ester which stimulates protein kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	tyrosine kinase 2	Gallus gallus	174-188
1561239-1	1992	In HeLa cells transcription of the c-jun gene is activated strongly and rapidly by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and, to a somewhat lesser extent, by treatment with phorbol ester tumor promoters.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	35-40
1561239-2	1992	In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene).	Phorbol Esters	25-39	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	106-111
1561239-2	1992	In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene).	Phorbol Esters	25-39	serum response factor	Homo sapiens	150-171
1371879-7	1992	Activation of p21ras was also observed in response to Steel factor, which stimulates the endogenous tyrosine kinase activity of the c-kit receptor, as well as with phorbol esters, which activate protein kinase C. Experiments with protein kinase inhibitors implicated tyrosine kinase activity, but not protein kinase C activity, as the upstream signal in p21ras activation via these growth factor receptors.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	14-20
1561239-2	1992	In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene).	Phorbol Esters	25-39	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	244-249
1371879-7	1992	Activation of p21ras was also observed in response to Steel factor, which stimulates the endogenous tyrosine kinase activity of the c-kit receptor, as well as with phorbol esters, which activate protein kinase C. Experiments with protein kinase inhibitors implicated tyrosine kinase activity, but not protein kinase C activity, as the upstream signal in p21ras activation via these growth factor receptors.	Phorbol Esters	164-178	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	14-17
1561239-2	1992	In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene).	Phorbol Esters	25-38	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	106-111
1561239-2	1992	In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene).	Phorbol Esters	25-38	serum response factor	Homo sapiens	150-171
1561239-2	1992	In the same cells UV and phorbol esters only marginally enhance the abundance of RNA transcribed from the jun D gene and from the gene coding for the serum response factor (which in turn acts on the UV and phorbol ester response element of the c-fos gene).	Phorbol Esters	25-38	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	244-249
1561239-9	1992	Both elements bind factors different in modification or/and constitution from AP-1, the heterodimeric transcription factor composed of c-Fos and c-Jun that controls the activity of the UV and phorbol ester response element (-72 TGAGTCA-66) of the human collagenase gene.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	135-140
1561239-9	1992	Both elements bind factors different in modification or/and constitution from AP-1, the heterodimeric transcription factor composed of c-Fos and c-Jun that controls the activity of the UV and phorbol ester response element (-72 TGAGTCA-66) of the human collagenase gene.	Phorbol Esters	192-205	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	145-150
1542579-0	1992	Upstream regions of the c-jun promoter regulate phorbol ester-induced transcription in U937 leukemic cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	24-29
1542579-1	1992	To understand the mechanism by which phorbol esters (PMA) stimulate c-jun transcription in human leukemic cell line U937, we have mutated specific enhancer sequences within the c-jun promoter.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	68-73
1542579-1	1992	To understand the mechanism by which phorbol esters (PMA) stimulate c-jun transcription in human leukemic cell line U937, we have mutated specific enhancer sequences within the c-jun promoter.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	177-182
1550850-5	1992	In accord with this interpretation, phorbol esters, but not insulin, increased mRNA levels for two distinct glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT3) in human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	130-135
1549364-1	1992	We describe the regulation of expression, activity and subcellular localization of a cell cycle control-related kinase, p58GTA, during the withdrawal from the cell cycle of U937 human leukemic cells induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	210-224	cyclin dependent kinase 11A	Homo sapiens	120-126
1549364-7	1992	These results suggest that the expression of the p58GTA protein kinase gene and, quite possibly, its post-translational modification are affected by phorbol esters in a complex manner.	Phorbol Esters	149-163	cyclin dependent kinase 11A	Homo sapiens	49-55
1550850-5	1992	In accord with this interpretation, phorbol esters, but not insulin, increased mRNA levels for two distinct glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT3) in human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	solute carrier family 2 member 3	Homo sapiens	140-145
1550850-8	1992	These results suggest that, in human fibroblasts, phorbol esters, unlike insulin, produce a long-term stimulation of OMG uptake, which is dependent upon protein synthesis and is associated with increased levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Homo sapiens	214-219
1550850-8	1992	These results suggest that, in human fibroblasts, phorbol esters, unlike insulin, produce a long-term stimulation of OMG uptake, which is dependent upon protein synthesis and is associated with increased levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	50-64	solute carrier family 2 member 3	Homo sapiens	224-229
1741371-8	1992	Unlike alpha-, beta I-, beta II-, and gamma PKC, epsilon PKC was independent of Ca2+ but absolutely required phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol for its activation; a tumor-promoting phorbol ester could replace diacylglycerol.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
1371135-2	1992	After treatment with phorbol ester (PMA) or TNF-alpha, a 20- to 40-fold increase in the level of IL-1 beta mRNA was observed in the HIV-infected PLB-IIIB as compared with the parental PLB-985 cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	97-106
1310988-4	1992	Treatment with anti-CD3 or with phorbol diester also stimulated serine phosphorylation of CD4 molecules in uninfected T cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-47	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	90-93
1310988-5	1992	However, phosphorylation of CD4 was not observed after anti-CD3 treatment in HIV-infected T cells despite normal phosphorylation responses to phorbol diester.	Phorbol Esters	142-157	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	28-31
1370798-0	1992	Forskolin and phorbol ester stimulation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) production and secretion by aggregating fetal brain cells in culture: evidence for regulation of NPY biosynthesis at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	43-57
1625677-0	1992	Effects of phorbol esters on insulin receptor function and insulin action in hepatocytes: evidence for heterogeneity.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	insulin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	29-45
1310905-0	1992	Spin-labeled phorbol esters and their interactions with cellular membranes--IV.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
1310906-0	1992	Spin-labeled phorbol esters and their interactions with cellular membranes--V. Electron paramagnetic resonance of spin-labeled phorbol-12,13-diesters bound to their receptors in mouse brain particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	spindlin 1	Mus musculus	0-4
1310906-0	1992	Spin-labeled phorbol esters and their interactions with cellular membranes--V. Electron paramagnetic resonance of spin-labeled phorbol-12,13-diesters bound to their receptors in mouse brain particulate fraction.	Phorbol Esters	13-27	spindlin 1	Mus musculus	114-118
1322299-0	1992	Connexin43 in MDCK cells: regulation by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester and Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	gap junction protein alpha 1	Canis lupus familiaris	0-10
1551438-1	1992	The non-mitogenic stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with low concentrations of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) caused a progressive increase in the percent fraction of the cells that were positive for the early activating antigen CD69.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	288-292
1735341-0	1992	Regulation of surface expression of high-affinity receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF) in hepatocytes by hormones, differentiating agents, and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	64-87
1735341-0	1992	Regulation of surface expression of high-affinity receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF) in hepatocytes by hormones, differentiating agents, and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
1370798-0	1992	Forskolin and phorbol ester stimulation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) production and secretion by aggregating fetal brain cells in culture: evidence for regulation of NPY biosynthesis at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
1581584-0	1992	Phorbol esters up-regulate p55 and down-regulate p75 expression of interleukin-2 receptors in human T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	27-30
1729140-5	1992	Phorbol esters probably act through protein phosphorylation, since they were effective at concentrations which modulated protein kinase C (PKC) and their action was prevented by H-7, which binds to and inactivates the catalytic site of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	121-137
1729140-5	1992	Phorbol esters probably act through protein phosphorylation, since they were effective at concentrations which modulated protein kinase C (PKC) and their action was prevented by H-7, which binds to and inactivates the catalytic site of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	139-142
1729140-5	1992	Phorbol esters probably act through protein phosphorylation, since they were effective at concentrations which modulated protein kinase C (PKC) and their action was prevented by H-7, which binds to and inactivates the catalytic site of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	236-239
1544398-5	1992	Both concanavalin A (ConA) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induce GM-CSF expression in EL-4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	100-106
1581584-0	1992	Phorbol esters up-regulate p55 and down-regulate p75 expression of interleukin-2 receptors in human T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	49-52
1581584-0	1992	Phorbol esters up-regulate p55 and down-regulate p75 expression of interleukin-2 receptors in human T cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	67-80
1370499-0	1992	Phorbol ester-induced actin assembly in neutrophils: role of protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-77
1581584-1	1992	We examined the effects of phorbol esters on the expression of interleukin 2 receptors (IL-2R) in T cell clones.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	63-86
1370499-2	1992	A role of protein kinase C (PKC) has been postulated because neutrophil activation, with the attendant shape and membrane ruffling changes, can be initiated by phorbol esters, known activators of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	10-26
1370499-2	1992	A role of protein kinase C (PKC) has been postulated because neutrophil activation, with the attendant shape and membrane ruffling changes, can be initiated by phorbol esters, known activators of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-31
1581584-1	1992	We examined the effects of phorbol esters on the expression of interleukin 2 receptors (IL-2R) in T cell clones.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	88-93
1370499-2	1992	A role of protein kinase C (PKC) has been postulated because neutrophil activation, with the attendant shape and membrane ruffling changes, can be initiated by phorbol esters, known activators of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	196-199
1581584-2	1992	By flow cytometric analysis, we found that phorbol esters up-regulated IL-2R p55 expression, while they down-regulated p75 expression.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	71-76
1629245-9	1992	Consistent with the reduction in focal adhesion formation when PKC was inhibited, activation of PKC by 30 minutes of treatment with phorbol esters induced focal adhesion formation in cells spread for 3h on substrata composed of the cell-binding (RGD-containing) fragment of fibronectin, while untreated cells or those treated with inactive phorbol esters did not form these structures.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	63-66
1629245-9	1992	Consistent with the reduction in focal adhesion formation when PKC was inhibited, activation of PKC by 30 minutes of treatment with phorbol esters induced focal adhesion formation in cells spread for 3h on substrata composed of the cell-binding (RGD-containing) fragment of fibronectin, while untreated cells or those treated with inactive phorbol esters did not form these structures.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	96-99
1629245-9	1992	Consistent with the reduction in focal adhesion formation when PKC was inhibited, activation of PKC by 30 minutes of treatment with phorbol esters induced focal adhesion formation in cells spread for 3h on substrata composed of the cell-binding (RGD-containing) fragment of fibronectin, while untreated cells or those treated with inactive phorbol esters did not form these structures.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	274-285
1629245-9	1992	Consistent with the reduction in focal adhesion formation when PKC was inhibited, activation of PKC by 30 minutes of treatment with phorbol esters induced focal adhesion formation in cells spread for 3h on substrata composed of the cell-binding (RGD-containing) fragment of fibronectin, while untreated cells or those treated with inactive phorbol esters did not form these structures.	Phorbol Esters	340-354	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	96-99
1581584-2	1992	By flow cytometric analysis, we found that phorbol esters up-regulated IL-2R p55 expression, while they down-regulated p75 expression.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	77-80
1581584-2	1992	By flow cytometric analysis, we found that phorbol esters up-regulated IL-2R p55 expression, while they down-regulated p75 expression.	Phorbol Esters	43-57	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	119-122
1734020-1	1992	Members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family are characterized by an NH2-terminal regulatory domain containing binding sites for calcium, phosphatidylserine, and diacylglycerol (or tumor-promoting phorbol esters), a small central hinge region and a COOH-terminal catalytic domain.	Phorbol Esters	197-211	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	33-36
1581584-3	1992	The expression of IL-2R p55 in T cell clones treated with phorbol esters showed an initial transient and marginal decrease, which was followed by a progressive increase after 6 h of incubation.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	18-23
1734020-10	1992	The results are consistent with a model in which activation of PKC, by phorbol esters or by deletion of the regulatory domain, exposes regions in the hinge and catalytic domains that interact with a PKC "receptor" present in the nuclear envelope, and may explain the ability of wild-type PKC to be translocated to the nucleus under certain conditions.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	63-66
1309839-4	1992	Bradykinin (100 nmol/L) stimulated a rapid release of arachidonic acid (within 2 min) associated with an increase in inositol trisphosphate which was detectable after 20 s. Protein kinase C activation by phorbol ester enhanced arachidonic acid release in response to both bradykinin and the Ca++ ionophore A23187 but inhibited bradykinin-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
1309839-4	1992	Bradykinin (100 nmol/L) stimulated a rapid release of arachidonic acid (within 2 min) associated with an increase in inositol trisphosphate which was detectable after 20 s. Protein kinase C activation by phorbol ester enhanced arachidonic acid release in response to both bradykinin and the Ca++ ionophore A23187 but inhibited bradykinin-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	272-282
1734020-10	1992	The results are consistent with a model in which activation of PKC, by phorbol esters or by deletion of the regulatory domain, exposes regions in the hinge and catalytic domains that interact with a PKC "receptor" present in the nuclear envelope, and may explain the ability of wild-type PKC to be translocated to the nucleus under certain conditions.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	199-202
1581584-3	1992	The expression of IL-2R p55 in T cell clones treated with phorbol esters showed an initial transient and marginal decrease, which was followed by a progressive increase after 6 h of incubation.	Phorbol Esters	58-72	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	24-27
1309839-4	1992	Bradykinin (100 nmol/L) stimulated a rapid release of arachidonic acid (within 2 min) associated with an increase in inositol trisphosphate which was detectable after 20 s. Protein kinase C activation by phorbol ester enhanced arachidonic acid release in response to both bradykinin and the Ca++ ionophore A23187 but inhibited bradykinin-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis.	Phorbol Esters	204-217	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	327-337
1581584-5	1992	Down-regulation of p75 was also revealed in cells treated with diacylglycerols instead of phorbol esters, but there was no up-regulation of p55 in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	19-22
1581584-6	1992	Moreover, in the presence of cycloheximide, phorbol esters down-regulated p75 expression but did not up-regulate p55 expression.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	74-77
1729394-6	1992	This latter activity was relatively resistant to staurosporine inhibition and phorbol ester treatment, but it phosphorylated the exogenous PKC substrates, histone 1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor peptide KTRLRR.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
1352313-0	1992	The effects of interferon-beta on phorbol ester or calcium ionophore-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-I expression in epidermal carcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	15-30
1729394-6	1992	This latter activity was relatively resistant to staurosporine inhibition and phorbol ester treatment, but it phosphorylated the exogenous PKC substrates, histone 1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor peptide KTRLRR.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	epidermal growth factor receptor	Rattus norvegicus	173-205
1730954-4	1992	In contrast, when T cell populations were stimulated with mitogenic combinations of phorbol ester, calcium ionophore, and rIL-2, those from steroid-dependent patients with glial tumors had a significantly lower response than those from normal control subjects, suggesting that a population of T cells capable of responding to phorbol ester/ionomycin and not PHA stimulation is inhibited by corticosteroid therapy in glioma patients.	Phorbol Esters	326-339	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	122-127
1729394-8	1992	The ratio between these two populations was ontogenetically regulated and modulated by phorbol ester treatment, suggesting that different PKC populations may serve unique functions in the rat brain regulated by the lipid environment.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	138-141
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	17-20
1543678-8	1992	In vivo treatment with the phorbol ester TPA rapidly elevates uterine levels of fos, jun, and myc transcripts, indicating that expression of these protooncogenes is under non-estrogenic as well as estrogenic regulation in this target tissue.	Phorbol Esters	27-40	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
1314957-5	1992	An early rise in VDR abundance occurred at 4 h, followed by a decrease and then a broad secondary rise at 18 h. At the mRNA level, forskolin caused a rapid rise in VDR transcripts after 1 h of exposure, a peak at 2 h, followed by a decline and a subsequent increase at 15 h. Activation of PK-C with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate abolished the forskolin-induced increase in VDR protein and mRNA abundance.	Phorbol Esters	303-316	vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Mus musculus	17-20
1314957-5	1992	An early rise in VDR abundance occurred at 4 h, followed by a decrease and then a broad secondary rise at 18 h. At the mRNA level, forskolin caused a rapid rise in VDR transcripts after 1 h of exposure, a peak at 2 h, followed by a decline and a subsequent increase at 15 h. Activation of PK-C with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate abolished the forskolin-induced increase in VDR protein and mRNA abundance.	Phorbol Esters	303-316	vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Mus musculus	164-167
1314957-5	1992	An early rise in VDR abundance occurred at 4 h, followed by a decrease and then a broad secondary rise at 18 h. At the mRNA level, forskolin caused a rapid rise in VDR transcripts after 1 h of exposure, a peak at 2 h, followed by a decline and a subsequent increase at 15 h. Activation of PK-C with the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate abolished the forskolin-induced increase in VDR protein and mRNA abundance.	Phorbol Esters	303-316	vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Mus musculus	164-167
1312697-2	1992	This phosphorylation can be rapidly increased either by treatment with the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or by inhibition of serine/threonine protein phosphatases with okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	75-91
1312697-2	1992	This phosphorylation can be rapidly increased either by treatment with the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or by inhibition of serine/threonine protein phosphatases with okadaic acid.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	93-96
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	21-26
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
1549353-0	1992	Induction of smg p21/rap1A p21/krev-1 p21 gene expression during phorbol ester-induced differentiation of a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	27-30
1309698-1	1992	Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which is generally activated by stimulation with various growth factors and phorbol esters, utilizes microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 2 as a good substrate in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	microtubule associated protein 2	Homo sapiens	185-223
1370476-0	1992	Inhibition of CD3-linked phospholipase C by phorbol ester and by cAMP is associated with decreased phosphotyrosine and increased phosphoserine contents of PLC-gamma 1.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	phospholipase C gamma 1	Homo sapiens	155-166
1731907-5	1992	106, 673-678] and distinct from that of conventional PKC (alpha, beta I/II, and gamma) in its dependence on magnesium concentration and cofactors such as phospholipids, calcium, and phorbol ester; and (iii) it has an apparent molecular weight of 95.7K +/- 0.4K on SDS-PAGE, significantly greater than the other conventional and novel PKCs thus far identified.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	protein kinase C alpha type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	53-85
1371192-2	1992	It is demonstrated that the binding of IgG2a and IgG2b but not IgG1 and IgG3 augments the biosynthesis of C3 both in the presence and in the absence of the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate in the case of both cell types.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	immunoglobulin heavy variable V1-9	Mus musculus	39-44
1371192-2	1992	It is demonstrated that the binding of IgG2a and IgG2b but not IgG1 and IgG3 augments the biosynthesis of C3 both in the presence and in the absence of the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate in the case of both cell types.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2B	Mus musculus	49-54
1310016-4	1992	Significant inhibition occurred at concentrations as low as 2 x 10(-12) M and was maximal at 1 x 10(-9) M. Inhibition was observed after 6 h and was maximal after 18 h. Inhibition by TNF alpha was probably mediated by protein kinase C, since the phorbol ester PMA mimicked the effect of TNF alpha, and the protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 completely abolished the effect of TNF alpha.	Phorbol Esters	246-259	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	183-192
1370614-0	1992	Divergent effects of phorbol esters and insulin on insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) production and mRNA in rat H4IIE hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-104
1370614-1	1992	125I-IGF-I binding assay, western ligand and immunoblotting, and northern analysis of total RNA reveal that phorbol ester agonists of protein kinase C rapidly enhance IGFBP-1 production and increase the abundance of IGFBP-1 mRNA in rat H4IIE hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	5-10
1310016-4	1992	Significant inhibition occurred at concentrations as low as 2 x 10(-12) M and was maximal at 1 x 10(-9) M. Inhibition was observed after 6 h and was maximal after 18 h. Inhibition by TNF alpha was probably mediated by protein kinase C, since the phorbol ester PMA mimicked the effect of TNF alpha, and the protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 completely abolished the effect of TNF alpha.	Phorbol Esters	246-259	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	287-296
1370614-1	1992	125I-IGF-I binding assay, western ligand and immunoblotting, and northern analysis of total RNA reveal that phorbol ester agonists of protein kinase C rapidly enhance IGFBP-1 production and increase the abundance of IGFBP-1 mRNA in rat H4IIE hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	167-174
1310016-4	1992	Significant inhibition occurred at concentrations as low as 2 x 10(-12) M and was maximal at 1 x 10(-9) M. Inhibition was observed after 6 h and was maximal after 18 h. Inhibition by TNF alpha was probably mediated by protein kinase C, since the phorbol ester PMA mimicked the effect of TNF alpha, and the protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 completely abolished the effect of TNF alpha.	Phorbol Esters	246-259	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	287-296
1370614-1	1992	125I-IGF-I binding assay, western ligand and immunoblotting, and northern analysis of total RNA reveal that phorbol ester agonists of protein kinase C rapidly enhance IGFBP-1 production and increase the abundance of IGFBP-1 mRNA in rat H4IIE hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	216-223
1730592-3	1992	Using this antiserum for quantitative determination of the 80-kDa MARCKS-related protein, we found that the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induces a rapid down-regulation of this protein in the fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	66-72
1370614-2	1992	In combination with insulin, a potent inhibitor of IGFBP-1 gene transcription, this early effect of phorbol esters is dominant.	Phorbol Esters	100-114	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-58
1370614-3	1992	These results demonstrate divergent regulation of IGFBP-1 by phorbol esters and insulin and indicate that protein kinase C may play a critical role in the regulation of IGFBP-1 and modulation IGF bioactivity in metabolic disease.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-57
1370466-1	1992	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by tumor-promoting phorbol esters leads to the phosphorylation of an 80-kilodalton PKC substrate (known as MARCKS) in murine fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	144-150
1730670-3	1992	Heat shock of HeLa cell cultures, or treatment with arsenite, phorbol ester, or tumor necrosis factor, caused a rapid phosphorylation of preexisting HSP27 and the appearance of three phosphorylated isoforms, HSP27 B, C, and D. Digestion with trypsin and fractionation of the peptides by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography revealed three 32P-labeled phosphopeptides.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
1730670-3	1992	Heat shock of HeLa cell cultures, or treatment with arsenite, phorbol ester, or tumor necrosis factor, caused a rapid phosphorylation of preexisting HSP27 and the appearance of three phosphorylated isoforms, HSP27 B, C, and D. Digestion with trypsin and fractionation of the peptides by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography revealed three 32P-labeled phosphopeptides.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	208-213
1738590-4	1992	Induction of jun B can be mimicked in wild type P19 EC cells by the synergistic action of the phorbol ester TPA and the calcium ionophore A23187, through activation of signal transduction pathways, that are activated simultaneously by EGF.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	13-18
1731522-5	1992	Within 48 hours after induction with phorbol ester (TPA), both parent lines exhibited markedly increased expression of c-fos/c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	119-124
1323204-6	1992	Treatment of platelets with inhibitors of PKC potentiates DAG mass formation in response to thrombin while prior activation of PKC with phorbol esters blocks DAG mass formation, consistent with PKC playing a negative feedback role, inhibiting inositol phospholipid breakdown.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	127-130
1323204-6	1992	Treatment of platelets with inhibitors of PKC potentiates DAG mass formation in response to thrombin while prior activation of PKC with phorbol esters blocks DAG mass formation, consistent with PKC playing a negative feedback role, inhibiting inositol phospholipid breakdown.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	127-130
1323204-9	1992	We have found that fibroblasts which overexpress the beta 1 isozyme of PKC display greatly enhanced DAG formation and phospholipase D activation in response to phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-74
1310226-2	1992	In vitro exposure of human or canine SP-A to ozone reduced the ability of this protein to inhibit phorbol-ester induced secretion of [3H]phosphatidylcholine by alveolar type II cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	37-41
1731522-5	1992	Within 48 hours after induction with phorbol ester (TPA), both parent lines exhibited markedly increased expression of c-fos/c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	125-130
1347631-2	1992	Activation of PPI hydrolysis by carbachol elicits a robust translocation of CaM from membranes into cytosol which was previously shown to be mimicked by the addition of the calcium ionophore ionomycin and the phorbol ester TPA28.	Phorbol Esters	209-222	calmodulin 3	Homo sapiens	76-79
1310006-0	1992	Simultaneous redistribution of mannose 6-phosphate and transferrin receptors by insulin-like growth factors and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	transferrin	Homo sapiens	55-66
1310006-4	1992	IGF-I, IGF-II and phorbol ester increased the surface expression of the M6P/IGF-II receptor and of MPR46.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	insulin like growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	76-82
1310006-4	1992	IGF-I, IGF-II and phorbol ester increased the surface expression of the M6P/IGF-II receptor and of MPR46.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	mannose-6-phosphate receptor, cation dependent	Homo sapiens	99-104
1576016-6	1992	On the other hand, calcitriol inhibited the production of TNF alpha by monocytes stimulated with either IFN-tau or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	58-67
1302531-3	1992	Here we show that: i) phorbol ester PMA, a known activator of protein kinase C, possesses the property of acting synergistically with bFGF to stimulate DNA-primary initiation activity; ii) p69 is only detectable in membrane preparations from G1 phase HUVEC, whereas p34 is found to be present in membranes of G1 and S phase HUVEC; iii) the combination of bFGF and PMA induces an increased phosphorylation of p69 in late G1 phase.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	islet cell autoantigen 1	Homo sapiens	189-192
1302531-3	1992	Here we show that: i) phorbol ester PMA, a known activator of protein kinase C, possesses the property of acting synergistically with bFGF to stimulate DNA-primary initiation activity; ii) p69 is only detectable in membrane preparations from G1 phase HUVEC, whereas p34 is found to be present in membranes of G1 and S phase HUVEC; iii) the combination of bFGF and PMA induces an increased phosphorylation of p69 in late G1 phase.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	general transcription factor IIH subunit 3	Homo sapiens	266-269
1302531-3	1992	Here we show that: i) phorbol ester PMA, a known activator of protein kinase C, possesses the property of acting synergistically with bFGF to stimulate DNA-primary initiation activity; ii) p69 is only detectable in membrane preparations from G1 phase HUVEC, whereas p34 is found to be present in membranes of G1 and S phase HUVEC; iii) the combination of bFGF and PMA induces an increased phosphorylation of p69 in late G1 phase.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	355-359
1302531-3	1992	Here we show that: i) phorbol ester PMA, a known activator of protein kinase C, possesses the property of acting synergistically with bFGF to stimulate DNA-primary initiation activity; ii) p69 is only detectable in membrane preparations from G1 phase HUVEC, whereas p34 is found to be present in membranes of G1 and S phase HUVEC; iii) the combination of bFGF and PMA induces an increased phosphorylation of p69 in late G1 phase.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	islet cell autoantigen 1	Homo sapiens	408-411
1394340-5	1992	Thus, from the initial concentration of cells treated with anti-CD6-blocked ricin placed in culture, 40%-45% viable cells remained after 2 days yet only 3%-9% remained if phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore were added; activation of T cells after mock treatment using blocked ricin plus nonconjugated anti-CD6 demonstrated that this effect was not the result of activation alone.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	CD6 molecule	Homo sapiens	64-67
1521167-0	1992	[Specific induction by phorbol ester of the gene transcription and of the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in two control and transformed epithelial cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	86-109
1521167-2	1992	The mechanism of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction by phorbol ester (TPA) has been studied in two permanent epithelial cell lines, a control (Ctr) and a Benzo (a) pyrene transformed line (BaP-tr); the degree of ODC gene expression (ODC-mRNA) was evaluated in comparison to the ODC activity.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	17-40
1521167-2	1992	The mechanism of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) induction by phorbol ester (TPA) has been studied in two permanent epithelial cell lines, a control (Ctr) and a Benzo (a) pyrene transformed line (BaP-tr); the degree of ODC gene expression (ODC-mRNA) was evaluated in comparison to the ODC activity.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	42-45
1309487-5	1992	In fact, the antibody anti-p68 has a strong synergistic effect increasing the proliferative response of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes both in the mixed lymphocyte reaction and when the lymphocytes are stimulated by suboptimal doses of lectin (phytohemagglutinin), tumor promoter phorbol esters, or tetanus toxoid.	Phorbol Esters	280-294	KH RNA binding domain containing, signal transduction associated 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
1599878-5	1992	Treatment of HOS cells with tumor promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, results in repression of smooth muscle MLC-2 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	myosin light chain 2	Homo sapiens	136-141
1385054-1	1992	The interleukin 6 (IL-6) promoter is rapidly and transiently activated by other cytokines, including IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF), as well as by phorbol esters and cyclic AMP agonists.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	4-17
1319762-3	1992	The binding sites appeared to be predominantly type II since phorbol ester treatment of the cells, which selectively downregulates type II IL-1 receptors, reduced binding by 68% while treatment of the cells with an inhibitory monoclonal antibody specific for the type I receptor had no significant effect on IL-1 binding.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	139-143
1385054-1	1992	The interleukin 6 (IL-6) promoter is rapidly and transiently activated by other cytokines, including IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF), as well as by phorbol esters and cyclic AMP agonists.	Phorbol Esters	154-168	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	19-23
1319762-3	1992	The binding sites appeared to be predominantly type II since phorbol ester treatment of the cells, which selectively downregulates type II IL-1 receptors, reduced binding by 68% while treatment of the cells with an inhibitory monoclonal antibody specific for the type I receptor had no significant effect on IL-1 binding.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	308-312
1727727-1	1992	Our recent studies have demonstrated the presence in neonatal islet cells and intact adult islets of a phosphatidylcholine-directed phospholipase D (PLD) which is activated after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	132-147
1727727-1	1992	Our recent studies have demonstrated the presence in neonatal islet cells and intact adult islets of a phosphatidylcholine-directed phospholipase D (PLD) which is activated after phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	149-152
1740105-6	1992	The promoter of p50 can be activated by phorbol esters and tumor necrosis factor alpha but not by forskolin and these responses are mediated through the NF-kappa B binding sequence.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
1740105-6	1992	The promoter of p50 can be activated by phorbol esters and tumor necrosis factor alpha but not by forskolin and these responses are mediated through the NF-kappa B binding sequence.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	153-163
1740106-0	1992	A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	28-53
1740106-0	1992	A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	58-63
1740106-4	1992	Here we report the identification a novel heterodimeric complex that binds to a kappa B-like, phorbol ester (TPA) responsive DNA sequence, 5"-GGGAAAGTAC-3", in the 5" flanking region of the human urokinase (uPA) gene.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	207-210
12106305-1	1992	Protein kinase C (PKC) is a Ca2+-dependent enzyme involved in synaptic transmission, which can be experimentally activated by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	130-143	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-16
1309700-6	1992	In a system dependent on antigen presentation by B cells, B cell proliferation driven by Th2 cells but not Th1 cells was blocked by acute treatment with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2	Mus musculus	89-92
1309700-7	1992	Further experiments showed that phorbol esters blocked the induction of both contact help and lymphokine production in Th2 cells but not in Th1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2	Mus musculus	119-122
1309700-8	1992	However, depletion of protein kinase C (PKC) activity by prolonged treatment of T cells with high concentrations of phorbol esters blocked induction of contact help and lymphokine production in Th1 cells but not in Th2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	116-130	negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l	Mus musculus	194-197
12106305-1	1992	Protein kinase C (PKC) is a Ca2+-dependent enzyme involved in synaptic transmission, which can be experimentally activated by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	130-143	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
1389231-6	1992	However, protein kinase C activators such as prostaglandin F2 alpha, phorbol esters and diacylglycerol were able to mimic GH in promoting a maximal mitogenic-adipogenic response, indicating that the ability of GH to induce diacylglycerol production (Doglio et al., 1989; Catalioto et al., 1990) plays a prominent role in this process.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	growth hormone	Mus musculus	122-124
1727052-10	1992	The time course of this enhancement was identical to the time course for the induction of c-fos and c-myc mRNAs by phorbol esters or EGF.	Phorbol Esters	115-129	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Canis lupus familiaris	100-105
1335968-1	1992	Protein kinase C (PKC), an enzyme involved in signal transduction, responds to diacyl glycerol and also to phorbol ester, a ligand analogous to diacyl glycerol.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	18-21
1334036-5	1992	In the in vitro presence of either phorbol ester or opsonized zymosan, superoxide release following PAF treatment in vivo was significantly increased to 1.36 +/- 0.2 and 4.29 +/- 0.36, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
1389231-6	1992	However, protein kinase C activators such as prostaglandin F2 alpha, phorbol esters and diacylglycerol were able to mimic GH in promoting a maximal mitogenic-adipogenic response, indicating that the ability of GH to induce diacylglycerol production (Doglio et al., 1989; Catalioto et al., 1990) plays a prominent role in this process.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	growth hormone	Mus musculus	210-212
1284126-12	1992	A non-PKC-activating phorbol ester, 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate, did not stimulate MMP-9 and TIMP-1 activity.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	6-9
1371491-8	1992	When the cells were stimulated by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) plus calcium ionophore (ionomycin), FK506 and CsA inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	194-198
1371491-8	1992	When the cells were stimulated by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) plus calcium ionophore (ionomycin), FK506 and CsA inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	200-204
1371491-8	1992	When the cells were stimulated by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) plus calcium ionophore (ionomycin), FK506 and CsA inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	206-210
1371491-8	1992	When the cells were stimulated by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) plus calcium ionophore (ionomycin), FK506 and CsA inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	212-221
1371491-8	1992	When the cells were stimulated by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA) plus calcium ionophore (ionomycin), FK506 and CsA inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	226-235
1309813-0	1992	Phorbol ester induced osteoclast-like differentiation of a novel human leukemic cell line (FLG 29.1).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	filaggrin	Homo sapiens	91-94
1282979-4	1992	Stimulation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester was sufficient to increase p42-44mapk activity and induce c-fos.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	cyclin dependent kinase 20	Homo sapiens	76-79
1282979-4	1992	Stimulation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester was sufficient to increase p42-44mapk activity and induce c-fos.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	107-112
1727827-6	1992	Phorbol ester stimulated the accumulation of this PAI in a specific and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
1730783-0	1992	Regulation of NF-kappa B activity in murine macrophages: effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	14-24
1727760-5	1992	Receptor-independent stimulation of protein kinase C by the phorbol ester beta-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate caused significant CCK release.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	cholecystokinin	Canis lupus familiaris	130-133
1311015-6	1992	The identity of the 78-kd cytoplast bands as PKC was established by the fact that phorbol ester treatment of intact cytoplasts induced translocation of the bands from cytosol to membrane fractions.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
1340504-0	1992	Induction of monocytic cell adherence to matrix-bound fibronectin by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	54-65
1311015-9	1992	To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that human neutrophil-derived cytoplasts contain alpha, beta I, and beta II forms of PKC and that each isoform translocates from cytosol to membrane upon exposure to phorbol ester at concentrations that induce superoxide production.	Phorbol Esters	216-229	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	135-138
1532844-1	1992	We studied changes in the three types of Fc gamma receptor (FcR) on the THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells, after incubation with the phorbol ester, PMA, which has been shown to alter the expression of several genes in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	41-58
1313115-10	1992	Induction of c-fos mRNA by the phorbol ester, PMA, or by dioctanoyl glycerol, however, had no effect on Na,K-ATPase activity.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	13-18
1346163-9	1992	The results of previous studies showing that phorbol esters increase CCK release and that occupation of D1 receptors increases phosphoinositol turnover make it possible to hypothesize that dopamine, acting through D1 receptors, is increasing CCK release by increasing phosphoinositol turnover.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
1346163-9	1992	The results of previous studies showing that phorbol esters increase CCK release and that occupation of D1 receptors increases phosphoinositol turnover make it possible to hypothesize that dopamine, acting through D1 receptors, is increasing CCK release by increasing phosphoinositol turnover.	Phorbol Esters	45-59	cholecystokinin	Rattus norvegicus	242-245
1532844-1	1992	We studied changes in the three types of Fc gamma receptor (FcR) on the THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells, after incubation with the phorbol ester, PMA, which has been shown to alter the expression of several genes in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	Fc gamma receptor Ia	Homo sapiens	60-63
1532844-1	1992	We studied changes in the three types of Fc gamma receptor (FcR) on the THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells, after incubation with the phorbol ester, PMA, which has been shown to alter the expression of several genes in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	72-77
1732721-5	1992	NPC 15437 was a competitive inhibitor of the activation of PKC by phorbol ester (Ki = 5 +/- 3 microM).	Phorbol Esters	66-79	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	59-62
1480037-1	1992	We have identified elements in the 5" region of the murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) gene which control the response to serum, phorbol esters and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	59-96
1480037-1	1992	We have identified elements in the 5" region of the murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) gene which control the response to serum, phorbol esters and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	146-160	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	98-102
1741161-3	1992	In contrast v-rel, and to a lesser extent c-rel, inhibit NF-kappa B-mediated activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) in phorbol ester-stimulated HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	42-47
1336108-2	1992	To examine the biological role of the various components in signal transduction we analyzed the expression of two of them (cJun, JunB) and collagenase in response to phorbol esters, cAMP and TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	123-127
1336108-2	1992	To examine the biological role of the various components in signal transduction we analyzed the expression of two of them (cJun, JunB) and collagenase in response to phorbol esters, cAMP and TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	129-133
1379817-4	1992	Exposure of quiescent Mel-ab cells to the PKC-activating phorbol esters TPA or sapintoxin A at 81 nM for 2 h increased levels of mRNA for six of seven TIS genes examined (twofold to 80-fold increase in steady-state RNA levels for TIS 1, 7, 8, 11, 21, and 28 (c-fos); TIS 10 expression was not affected).	Phorbol Esters	57-71	programmed cell death 4	Mus musculus	151-154
1741161-3	1992	In contrast v-rel, and to a lesser extent c-rel, inhibit NF-kappa B-mediated activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat (HIV LTR) in phorbol ester-stimulated HeLa cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	57-67
1379817-4	1992	Exposure of quiescent Mel-ab cells to the PKC-activating phorbol esters TPA or sapintoxin A at 81 nM for 2 h increased levels of mRNA for six of seven TIS genes examined (twofold to 80-fold increase in steady-state RNA levels for TIS 1, 7, 8, 11, 21, and 28 (c-fos); TIS 10 expression was not affected).	Phorbol Esters	57-71	nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1	Mus musculus	230-235
1336108-3	1992	While all three genes are induced by phorbol ester and TGF-beta only JunB is induced by cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	69-73
1292481-3	1992	Phorbol ester (20 nm TPA and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (10 microM (OAG) stimulated newly synthesized casein secretion and potentiated the PRL secretatogue effect.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	prolactin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	142-145
1492121-5	1992	For most lymphokine genes, a combination of phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate, PMA) and calcium ionophores (A23187) is required for their maximal induction.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	9-19
1379817-4	1992	Exposure of quiescent Mel-ab cells to the PKC-activating phorbol esters TPA or sapintoxin A at 81 nM for 2 h increased levels of mRNA for six of seven TIS genes examined (twofold to 80-fold increase in steady-state RNA levels for TIS 1, 7, 8, 11, 21, and 28 (c-fos); TIS 10 expression was not affected).	Phorbol Esters	57-71	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	259-264
1379817-4	1992	Exposure of quiescent Mel-ab cells to the PKC-activating phorbol esters TPA or sapintoxin A at 81 nM for 2 h increased levels of mRNA for six of seven TIS genes examined (twofold to 80-fold increase in steady-state RNA levels for TIS 1, 7, 8, 11, 21, and 28 (c-fos); TIS 10 expression was not affected).	Phorbol Esters	57-71	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	267-273
1722400-1	1991	GMP-140 (CD62; PADGEM) is a member of the selectin family expressed highly at the surface of platelets and endothelial cells by agonists such as thrombin or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	selectin P	Homo sapiens	0-7
1764075-1	1991	When a particulate NADPH oxidase prepared from phorbol ester-activated human neutrophils was treated with pyridoxal 5"-diphospho-5"-adenosine (PLP-AMP), the superoxide anion-producing activity was inhibited according to affinity labeling kinetics.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	proteolipid protein 1	Homo sapiens	143-146
1722400-1	1991	GMP-140 (CD62; PADGEM) is a member of the selectin family expressed highly at the surface of platelets and endothelial cells by agonists such as thrombin or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	157-171	selectin P	Homo sapiens	9-13
1662619-9	1991	The data suggest that epidermal phospholipase A2 activity can be stimulated by bradykinin via a B2 receptor-G-protein-dependent pathway, which is independent of PKC and a PKC-dependent pathway which is activated by phorbol esters such as PMA.	Phorbol Esters	215-229	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	32-48
1765095-0	1991	Phorbol esters inhibit the activity of the chicken acetylcholine receptor alpha-subunit gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	cholinergic receptor nicotinic delta subunit	Gallus gallus	51-73
1765095-6	1991	In particular, phorbol-ester responsiveness could be conferred by a short DNA sequence that contains one of the two MyoD binding sites of the alpha AChR gene muscle-specific enhancer.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	cholinergic receptor nicotinic delta subunit	Gallus gallus	148-152
1765103-4	1991	nPKC delta expressed in COS1 cells had phorbol-ester-binding activity and protein kinase activity in a phorbol-ester- or diacylglycerol-dependent manner, like conventional protein kinase C (cPKC) isozymes and nPKC epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	0-10
1765103-4	1991	nPKC delta expressed in COS1 cells had phorbol-ester-binding activity and protein kinase activity in a phorbol-ester- or diacylglycerol-dependent manner, like conventional protein kinase C (cPKC) isozymes and nPKC epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	103-116	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	0-10
1765103-10	1991	These results suggest that nPKC delta is involved in fundamental cellular functions regulated by diacylglycerols and mimicked by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	27-37
1836769-3	1991	The kinase domain of this PKC can be released as a soluble form after limited proteolysis with calpain, whereas the regulatory domain which binds phorbol ester remains insoluble.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
1742485-3	1991	Upon differentiation induced by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]), metabolites via the COX pathway were increased by 100-fold in ML-1 and THP-1 cells, while the LOX products remained barely detectable.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interleukin 17F	Homo sapiens	149-153
1742485-3	1991	Upon differentiation induced by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA]), metabolites via the COX pathway were increased by 100-fold in ML-1 and THP-1 cells, while the LOX products remained barely detectable.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	158-163
1742484-1	1991	The commitment process of a human megakaryoblastic cell line (MEG-O1) induced with phorbol ester, TPA, was investigated with special reference to glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa expression, multinuclear formation, and DNA replication.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4	Homo sapiens	62-65
1756869-2	1991	The human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1, was highly differentiated when treated with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	40-45
1744113-0	1991	Phorbol ester induces manganese-superoxide dismutase in tumor necrosis factor-resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	22-52
1756869-5	1991	However, relative degradation rates of LDL receptors normalized by those of cellular total proteins were about twice as fast in phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells compared to untreated cells.	Phorbol Esters	128-141	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	150-155
1743296-6	1991	Taken together, these findings suggest that phorbol esters have a biphasic effect on c-myc expression.	Phorbol Esters	44-58	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	85-90
1743296-7	1991	Whereas the activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters may be associated with an increase in c-myc gene expression, the subsequent partial down-regulation of kinase activity may initiate a cascade of events resulting in the down-modulation of c-myc expression.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	99-104
1744074-6	1991	The inhibition was specific for the LDL receptor because the dimer did not inhibit the degradation of 125I-acetylated LDL by scavenger receptors expressed by phorbol ester-stimulated THP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	183-188
1744079-4	1991	We now report that the induction of scavenger receptor activity (as measured by acetyl-LDL stimulation of intracellular cholesterol esterification) seen in phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 human macrophages was completely suppressed to the level seen in undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes by picomolar concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1).	Phorbol Esters	156-169	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	185-190
1744079-4	1991	We now report that the induction of scavenger receptor activity (as measured by acetyl-LDL stimulation of intracellular cholesterol esterification) seen in phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 human macrophages was completely suppressed to the level seen in undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes by picomolar concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1).	Phorbol Esters	156-169	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	273-278
1744079-4	1991	We now report that the induction of scavenger receptor activity (as measured by acetyl-LDL stimulation of intracellular cholesterol esterification) seen in phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 human macrophages was completely suppressed to the level seen in undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes by picomolar concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1).	Phorbol Esters	156-169	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	320-353
1744113-0	1991	Phorbol ester induces manganese-superoxide dismutase in tumor necrosis factor-resistant cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	56-77
1744079-4	1991	We now report that the induction of scavenger receptor activity (as measured by acetyl-LDL stimulation of intracellular cholesterol esterification) seen in phorbol ester-differentiated THP-1 human macrophages was completely suppressed to the level seen in undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes by picomolar concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1).	Phorbol Esters	156-169	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	355-365
1744113-1	1991	The effects of phorbol ester (TPA) and other known stimulators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1, and lipopolysaccharide on induction of mRNA for manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) were investigated in various cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	163-193
1810605-11	1991	ET-1 (30-100 pM) selectively potentiated the 5-HT-induced contraction 1.5 to 2 times over the control without causing a significant increase in [Ca2+]i, which seems to be qualitatively similar to a tumour promoting phorbol ester, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutylate (DPB).	Phorbol Esters	215-228	endothelin-1	Sus scrofa	0-4
1810598-11	1991	These results suggest that ET-1 may induce phosphorylation of an unknown protein either without an increase in myoplasmic Ca2 + concentration or, alternatively, with mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ from noradrenaline- and caffeine-insensitive Ca2 + sources, through a mechanism different from that of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	304-317	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
1685686-5	1991	In T cell clones, both interleukin (IL)-2 alone or the antigen for which the clone was specific induced POMC accumulation within 18-24 h. Cytoplasmic dot blot analysis of PBL RNA demonstrated that POMC expression could be induced by corticotrophin releasing factor, rIL-1, and phorbol ester, but not by calcium ionophore (A23187).	Phorbol Esters	277-290	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	23-41
1685686-5	1991	In T cell clones, both interleukin (IL)-2 alone or the antigen for which the clone was specific induced POMC accumulation within 18-24 h. Cytoplasmic dot blot analysis of PBL RNA demonstrated that POMC expression could be induced by corticotrophin releasing factor, rIL-1, and phorbol ester, but not by calcium ionophore (A23187).	Phorbol Esters	277-290	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	197-201
1721013-9	1991	Io in combination with phorbol-ester induced the secretion of larger amounts of IL-4, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and low amounts of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	80-84
1725515-5	1991	Triiodothyronine reduced (P less than 0.05) GH release (ng/ml) in response to (1) GRF; (2) the adenylyl cyclase stimulator, forskolin; (3) the cAMP analog and protein kinase A activator, 8-bromo cAMP; and (4) the phorbol ester and protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	213-226	growth hormone	Gallus gallus	44-46
1721013-9	1991	Io in combination with phorbol-ester induced the secretion of larger amounts of IL-4, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and low amounts of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	86-92
1721013-9	1991	Io in combination with phorbol-ester induced the secretion of larger amounts of IL-4, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and low amounts of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	94-103
1721013-9	1991	Io in combination with phorbol-ester induced the secretion of larger amounts of IL-4, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and low amounts of IFN-gamma.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	123-132
1954872-5	1991	IL-1 alpha mRNA expression in Leydig cells was detectable as early as 2 h after the addition of IL-1 beta (10 ng/ml) and persisted for up to 24 h. Lipopolysaccharide also stimulated IL-1 alpha mRNA expression in these cells, but phorbol ester had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	229-242	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-10
1801924-1	1991	The cell-permeant heavy metal chelator N,N,N",N"-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine(TPEN) was found to counteract phorbol ester-induced actin reorganization in PTK2 and Swiss 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	166-170
1801924-2	1991	By using fluorescence and the higher resolution technique of photoelectron microscopy to monitor actin patterns, 15-min pretreatment with 25-50 microM TPEN was found to dramatically reduce actin alterations resulting from subsequent phorbol ester treatment in PTK2 cells.	Phorbol Esters	233-246	PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	260-264
1838006-8	1991	The CD45 deficient cells secreted highly reduced levels of lymphokines (IL-2, IL-3 or GM-CSF) after activation by anti-CD3 mAb combined with the phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	145-158	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	4-8
1719085-3	1991	The majority of these phorbol ester responsive B cells expressed CD5.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	65-68
1719087-9	1991	These data taken together with other findings that the combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore stimulates high levels of proliferation in xid B cells suggests that the immune defect of xid B cells may be distal to surface Ig-mediated activation of tyrosine kinase and of PIP2 breakdown but proximal to PKC activation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	149-152
1719097-9	1991	This sequence element is also important in phorbol ester-induced CD20 expression in the pre-B cell line BP-697.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	65-69
1719087-9	1991	These data taken together with other findings that the combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore stimulates high levels of proliferation in xid B cells suggests that the immune defect of xid B cells may be distal to surface Ig-mediated activation of tyrosine kinase and of PIP2 breakdown but proximal to PKC activation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	196-199
19215537-7	1991	Inhibition of protein kinase C by sphingosine or by long-term treatment with phorbol esters, completely abolished the synthesis of CGA and CGB induced by carbamylcholine, bradykinin and prostaglandin E(2) but decreased only partially the stimulating effect of histamine.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	chromogranin A	Bos taurus	131-134
1940370-0	1991	IL-4 promotes anti-Ig-mediated protein kinase C translocation and reverses phorbol ester-mediated protein kinase C down-regulation in murine B cells.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	0-4
1940379-4	1991	HILDA/LIF mRNA accumulation was weakly induced by stimuli such as LPS or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	0-5
1940379-4	1991	HILDA/LIF mRNA accumulation was weakly induced by stimuli such as LPS or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	6-9
1940379-7	1991	HILDA/LIF mRNA half-life showed an increase when phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were used in combination over that obtained for each stimuli alone.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	0-5
1940379-7	1991	HILDA/LIF mRNA half-life showed an increase when phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were used in combination over that obtained for each stimuli alone.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	6-9
19215537-7	1991	Inhibition of protein kinase C by sphingosine or by long-term treatment with phorbol esters, completely abolished the synthesis of CGA and CGB induced by carbamylcholine, bradykinin and prostaglandin E(2) but decreased only partially the stimulating effect of histamine.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	chromogranin B	Bos taurus	139-142
19215537-7	1991	Inhibition of protein kinase C by sphingosine or by long-term treatment with phorbol esters, completely abolished the synthesis of CGA and CGB induced by carbamylcholine, bradykinin and prostaglandin E(2) but decreased only partially the stimulating effect of histamine.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	171-181
1659812-3	1991	This selective activation of beta PKC could help to understand the molecular events involved in phorbol ester-induced cellular modifications.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	34-37
1819689-0	1991	Phorbol ester stimulates PAF synthesis via the activation of protein kinase C in rat leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
1726926-4	1991	bFGF enhanced the secretion of IGFBP-2 and, like epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the tumour promoting phorbol ester (TPA), induced the appearance of IGFBP-3.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	fibroblast growth factor 2	Ovis aries	0-4
1726926-4	1991	bFGF enhanced the secretion of IGFBP-2 and, like epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the tumour promoting phorbol ester (TPA), induced the appearance of IGFBP-3.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3	Ovis aries	151-158
1660001-2	1991	It also inhibits phorbol ester-induced intracellular events known to be mediated by protein kinase C (p47 phosphorylation in intact platelets, CD3 and CD4 down-regulation in T-cells).	Phorbol Esters	17-30	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	102-105
1660266-4	1991	Phorbol esters such as PMA are not metabolized and induced a prolonged membrane association of PKC.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	95-98
1660001-2	1991	It also inhibits phorbol ester-induced intracellular events known to be mediated by protein kinase C (p47 phosphorylation in intact platelets, CD3 and CD4 down-regulation in T-cells).	Phorbol Esters	17-30	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	151-154
1719551-4	1991	Furthermore, JunD is shown to activate transcription of genes linked to both cAMP and phorbol ester response elements in a protein kinase A-dependent fashion, further blurring the distinction between these response elements.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	13-17
1939224-9	1991	Results obtained with 6354 also suggest that phorbol ester-promoted phosphorylation of Gz alpha approaches 1 mol of phosphate per mol of subunit in permeabilized platelets.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	G protein subunit alpha z	Homo sapiens	87-95
1834742-4	1991	Bryostatin (Bryo) and phorbol esters (e.g., 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA] are PKC activators with somewhat different immunologic effects.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	91-94
1834741-0	1991	Involvement of a metalloprotease in spontaneous and phorbol ester-induced release of natural killer cell-associated Fc gamma RIII (CD16-II).	Phorbol Esters	52-65	Fc receptor, IgG, low affinity III	Mus musculus	116-129
1834741-0	1991	Involvement of a metalloprotease in spontaneous and phorbol ester-induced release of natural killer cell-associated Fc gamma RIII (CD16-II).	Phorbol Esters	52-65	Fc receptor, IgG, low affinity III	Mus musculus	131-135
1834742-15	1991	This could provide the basis for a molecular characterization of the differences in PKC activation between phorbol esters and Bryo.	Phorbol Esters	107-121	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	84-87
1834741-4	1991	NK cells spontaneously release soluble CD16-II from the cell surface and this is enhanced by activation with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	Fc receptor, IgG, low affinity III	Mus musculus	39-43
1946468-4	1991	Also, insulin and IGF-II potentiated the phorbol ester-induced differentiation, although less efficiently than IGF-I.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	insulin	Homo sapiens	6-13
1940364-2	1991	After stimulation with Con A and phorbol ester (PMA), normal bovine PBMC exhibited a 3.5-fold induction of pim-1 mRNA within 4 h of stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Bos taurus	107-112
1946468-4	1991	Also, insulin and IGF-II potentiated the phorbol ester-induced differentiation, although less efficiently than IGF-I.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	insulin like growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-24
1946468-4	1991	Also, insulin and IGF-II potentiated the phorbol ester-induced differentiation, although less efficiently than IGF-I.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
1953788-2	1991	Upon long-term treatment with phorbol ester PKC-alpha is depleted faster than PKC-epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	44-53
1953788-3	1991	Here we demonstrate that removal of phorbol ester results in a differential recovery of PKC-alpha and -epsilon isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	88-97
1683632-3	1991	Using this model system, the effects of factors known to regulate the activity of LFA-1 have been quantitated: temperature; concentration of divalent cations; and exposure to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	175-189	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	82-87
1935784-7	1991	The stimulation of PRL release by KCl, the calcium ionophore A23187, and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate was higher in the presence of PP cells than in cultures of AP cells alone, although the magnitude of this effect was lower than that seen with PRL secretagogues.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
1939109-0	1991	The phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, induces specific transcription by RNA polymerase III in Drosophila Schneider cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	RNA polymerase III 128kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	91-109
1939109-1	1991	We have examined the ability of the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), to regulate RNA polymerase III gene expression in Drosophila.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	RNA polymerase III 128kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	123-141
1939109-8	1991	These results are the first to demonstrate that a phorbol ester can induce RNA polymerase III gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	RNA polymerase III 128kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	75-93
1718584-0	1991	Inhibition of cell proliferation, protein kinase C, and phorbol ester-induced fos expression by the dihydropyridine derivative B859-35.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	78-81
1833215-3	1991	The 69-kDa protein (p69), but not proteins related to lipocortins I, II, and V, exhibited an increased phosphorylation after exposure of cells to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and phorbol ester PMA.	Phorbol Esters	188-201	islet cell autoantigen 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
1660266-11	1991	The cysteine-rich domain of NC and PKC is required for phospholipid-dependent phorbol is required for phospholipid-dependent phorbol ester binding, suggesting an involvement of this domain in protein-lipid interactions.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	35-38
1660266-14	1991	When NC and PKC were subjected to treatments known to remove metal ions from GAL4 and the human glucocorticoid receptor, phorbol ester binding was inhibited.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
1660266-14	1991	When NC and PKC were subjected to treatments known to remove metal ions from GAL4 and the human glucocorticoid receptor, phorbol ester binding was inhibited.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	galectin 4	Homo sapiens	77-81
1809396-9	1991	Phorbol esters are known to stimulate thymidine incorporation and PLD activity to a greater extent in PKC overexpressing cells than in control cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
1915666-3	1991	In contrast, when cells were individually stimulated by soluble substances including a protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, the production of interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 was dramatically inhibited during microgravity exposure.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	148-161
1915666-3	1991	In contrast, when cells were individually stimulated by soluble substances including a protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, the production of interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 was dramatically inhibited during microgravity exposure.	Phorbol Esters	115-128	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	166-179
1682411-4	1991	Furthermore, multiple mutations demonstrate that serine phosphorylation can be dissociated from phorbol ester-stimulated binding of LFA-1 to ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	132-137
1719030-4	1991	Using several antibodies and phorbol ester downmodulation of the receptor, we establish that L-selectin on human lymphocytes has a primary involvement in lymphocyte adherence to the myelinated regions.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	selectin L	Homo sapiens	93-103
1655906-0	1991	Phorbol ester-mediated inhibition of IFN-alpha/beta gene transcription in blood mononuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	37-46
1655906-1	1991	The phorbol ester PMA efficiently inhibits the in vitro IFN-alpha and -beta responses in human blood monocytes induced by Sendai virus and in natural IFN-producing cells induced by glutaraldehyde-fixed herpes simplex virus-infected human amnion (WISH) cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	56-75
1682411-4	1991	Furthermore, multiple mutations demonstrate that serine phosphorylation can be dissociated from phorbol ester-stimulated binding of LFA-1 to ICAM-1.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	141-147
1922387-2	1991	The c-jun protein is negatively regulated by phosphorylation of residues near the carboxy terminus which are dephosphorylated in response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	141-155	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	4-9
1939065-8	1991	Lamin B2 is the only lamin that shows a substantial increase in phosphorylation on treatment of BALB/MK-2 cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	lamin B2	Mus musculus	0-8
1939065-8	1991	Lamin B2 is the only lamin that shows a substantial increase in phosphorylation on treatment of BALB/MK-2 cells with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2	Mus musculus	101-105
1953649-0	1991	Stimulation of synthesis de novo of NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60) cells by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	141-154	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	36-90
1836455-3	1991	The proliferated CD4+ T cells produced a significant amount of IL-2 upon stimulation with phorbol ester plus A23187.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	17-20
1836455-3	1991	The proliferated CD4+ T cells produced a significant amount of IL-2 upon stimulation with phorbol ester plus A23187.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	63-67
1719462-1	1991	The transcription factor AP-1 is phorbol ester-regulated and, as such, is considered to be a nuclear target of the signal transduction pathway involving protein kinase C. AP-1 is constituted by the various products of the jun and fos gene family members.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
1719462-1	1991	The transcription factor AP-1 is phorbol ester-regulated and, as such, is considered to be a nuclear target of the signal transduction pathway involving protein kinase C. AP-1 is constituted by the various products of the jun and fos gene family members.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	171-175
1655795-0	1991	Stimulation of GRP78 gene transcription by phorbol ester and cAMP in GH3 pituitary cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	15-20
1655795-5	1991	In GH3 cells, optimal induction of GRP78 and translational accommodation depended on cAMP elevation and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	35-40
1655795-6	1991	GRP78 mRNA was induced 3-6-fold with A23187 alone as compared with 12-20-fold with ionophore plus cAMP-elevating agent and phorbol ester, but was not markedly induced without A23187.	Phorbol Esters	123-136	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
1655795-7	1991	GRP78 gene transcription in nuclei isolated from A23187-treated cells was increased 2-4-fold by cAMP and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	105-118	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
1655795-11	1991	Translational accommodation in ionophore-treated GH3 cells is proposed to involve enhanced transcription of GRP78 mRNA promoted by cAMP/phorbol ester in conjunction with preferential polysomal loading of the message.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	108-113
1655769-6	1991	MAP-2 kinase activity could also be induced by treatment with the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate 13-acetate, suggesting that protein kinase C may also be involved with MAP-2K regulation.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	microtubule-associated protein 2	Mus musculus	0-5
1913689-0	1991	Human malignant histiocytosis CD30+ DEL cell line differentiates into macrophage-like cells when treated with a phorbol diester.	Phorbol Esters	112-127	TNF receptor superfamily member 8	Homo sapiens	30-34
1911215-0	1991	Phorbol ester and bryostatin effects on growth and the expression of oestrogen responsive and TGF-beta 1 genes in breast tumour cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	94-104
1655749-8	1991	Both ATF-1 homodimers and ATF-1/CREB heterodimers bind to the CRE but not to the related phorbol ester response element.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	activating transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
1655749-8	1991	Both ATF-1 homodimers and ATF-1/CREB heterodimers bind to the CRE but not to the related phorbol ester response element.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
1659860-3	1991	In neutrophils CD16 and CR3 are up-regulated by the phorbol ester up to 4 and 10 times, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	15-19
1659860-3	1991	In neutrophils CD16 and CR3 are up-regulated by the phorbol ester up to 4 and 10 times, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	24-27
1953722-5	1991	The addition of serum, phorbol ester, acidic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha to serum-starved SMC increased PDGF A-chain mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	166-172
1928327-0	1991	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced contraction by calmodulin antagonists in rat aorta.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-61
1928327-1	1991	The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	74-90
1928327-1	1991	The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	92-95
1928327-1	1991	The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	myosin light chain kinase	Rattus norvegicus	101-126
1928327-1	1991	The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	myosin light chain kinase	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
1928327-1	1991	The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	224-234
1928327-6	1991	These results suggest that 1) the calmodulin antagonists inhibit the development of PMA-induced contraction, at least in part, through inhibition of PKC translocation; 2) the mechanisms of phorbol ester- and agonist-induced translocation of PKC are distinct; 3) the potencies and inhibitory mechanisms of these agents depend on whether the agents are added before or during the contraction; and 4) the selectivity of these agents, as evaluated in enzyme preparations, may not be consistent with their cellular actions.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-44
1928327-6	1991	These results suggest that 1) the calmodulin antagonists inhibit the development of PMA-induced contraction, at least in part, through inhibition of PKC translocation; 2) the mechanisms of phorbol ester- and agonist-induced translocation of PKC are distinct; 3) the potencies and inhibitory mechanisms of these agents depend on whether the agents are added before or during the contraction; and 4) the selectivity of these agents, as evaluated in enzyme preparations, may not be consistent with their cellular actions.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	149-152
1928327-6	1991	These results suggest that 1) the calmodulin antagonists inhibit the development of PMA-induced contraction, at least in part, through inhibition of PKC translocation; 2) the mechanisms of phorbol ester- and agonist-induced translocation of PKC are distinct; 3) the potencies and inhibitory mechanisms of these agents depend on whether the agents are added before or during the contraction; and 4) the selectivity of these agents, as evaluated in enzyme preparations, may not be consistent with their cellular actions.	Phorbol Esters	189-202	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	241-244
1934258-1	1991	Previous work from our laboratory showed that tumor promoters such as phorbol ester (TPA) stimulated the release of fibronectin (FN) from the surface of several cell types in culture, and that this stimulation was counteracted by retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	116-127
1838021-3	1991	We reported that phorbol esters, which mimic the action of diacylglycerol by acting directly on protein kinase C and the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, which introduces free Ca2+ into the cell, both increase basal ANF secretion in the isolated perfused rat heart.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	206-209
1838021-7	1991	Similarly, phorbol ester enhanced atrial stretch-stimulated ANF secretion, while the increase in intracellular Ca2+ appeared to be negatively coupled to the stretch-induced ANF release.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	60-63
1838021-8	1991	Finally, phorbol ester stimulated ANF release from the severely hypertrophied ventricles of hypertensive animals but not from normal rat myocardium.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
1934258-1	1991	Previous work from our laboratory showed that tumor promoters such as phorbol ester (TPA) stimulated the release of fibronectin (FN) from the surface of several cell types in culture, and that this stimulation was counteracted by retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	129-131
1833206-0	1991	Differential regulation of gamma and delta T cell antigen receptor gene expression by phorbol esters and Ca2+ ionophores in the acute lymphocyte leukemia DND41 cell line.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	43-66
1655396-0	1991	Adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate and phorbol ester induce transforming growth factor-beta 1 messenger ribonucleic acid levels in choriocarcinoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	55-88
1833206-4	1991	The phorbol ester 12-myristate 13-acetate down-regulated the basal gamma TcR expression with marginal effect on delta TcR mRNA, but diminished the induction of both gamma and delta TcR, initiated by the Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	73-76
1833206-4	1991	The phorbol ester 12-myristate 13-acetate down-regulated the basal gamma TcR expression with marginal effect on delta TcR mRNA, but diminished the induction of both gamma and delta TcR, initiated by the Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	118-121
1833206-4	1991	The phorbol ester 12-myristate 13-acetate down-regulated the basal gamma TcR expression with marginal effect on delta TcR mRNA, but diminished the induction of both gamma and delta TcR, initiated by the Ca2+ ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	118-121
1833206-6	1991	These data confirm our hypothesis that the antagonistic regulation on the gamma and delta TcR gene expression by phorbol esters and calcium ionophores occurs in the same cell, and stresses the biological significance of PKC activation and intracellular free calcium mobilization during intrathymic differentiation and selection.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	90-93
1757480-6	1991	A similar increase of bFGF mRNA was observed in response to thrombin and after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
1717513-2	1991	CL-3, but not CL-37, blocked in vitro adherence of neutrophils to TNF alpha-treated endothelial cells and the killing of TNF alpha-treated rat endothelial cells by phorbol ester activated neutrophils.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	121-130
1723143-3	1991	We have previously demonstrated that these cells express both TGF alpha and its receptor [the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor] and that expression can be stimulated by phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	transforming growth factor alpha	Bos taurus	62-71
1939341-0	1991	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation by dexamethasone is associated with down-regulation of c-fos and c-jun (AP-1).	Phorbol Esters	14-27	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	117-122
1939341-0	1991	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation by dexamethasone is associated with down-regulation of c-fos and c-jun (AP-1).	Phorbol Esters	14-27	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	127-132
1939341-0	1991	Inhibition of phorbol ester-induced monocytic differentiation by dexamethasone is associated with down-regulation of c-fos and c-jun (AP-1).	Phorbol Esters	14-27	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	134-138
1680163-8	1991	In contrast to VIP and forskolin, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, a phorbol ester known to activate protein kinase C, increased the phosphorylation on a total of three tryptic peptides of TH.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	tyrosine hydroxylase	Bos taurus	194-196
1680199-0	1991	The Epstein-Barr virus BNLF-1 membrane protein LMP1 induces homotypic adhesion mediated by CD11a/CD18 in a murine B-cell line, mimicking the action of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	LMP1	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	47-51
1723143-3	1991	We have previously demonstrated that these cells express both TGF alpha and its receptor [the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor] and that expression can be stimulated by phorbol ester (TPA) and EGF.	Phorbol Esters	175-188	epidermal growth factor receptor	Bos taurus	94-133
1679576-3	1991	In Jurkat and NC2.10 induction with phorbol esters resulted in the appearance of new DNA binding proteins of 85, 75, and 54 kDa, whereas in Tax expressing cells the 85-kDa protein and a 92-kDa DNA binding protein were constitutively induced.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	zinc finger protein 763	Homo sapiens	85-104
1656952-0	1991	Inhibition of erythropoietin production by phorbol ester is associated with down-regulation of protein kinase C-alpha isoenzyme in hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	14-28
1917958-0	1991	Protein kinase C contains two phorbol ester binding domains.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
1917958-4	1991	Additional truncation and deletion mutants helped to localize the region necessary for [3H]PDBu binding; all PKC mutants that contained either one of the cysteine-rich zinc finger-like regions possessed phorbol ester binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	109-112
1917958-7	1991	These data establish that PKC contains two phorbol ester binding domains which may function in its regulation.	Phorbol Esters	43-56	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-29
1654122-0	1991	Phorbol ester induces phosphorylation and down-regulation of connexin 43 in WB cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	61-72
1768652-3	1991	Nuclear expression of these proteins is induced with distinctly biphasic kinetics following phorbol ester activation of T cells (p55/p75 early and p50/p85 late).	Phorbol Esters	92-105	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	129-132
1768652-3	1991	Nuclear expression of these proteins is induced with distinctly biphasic kinetics following phorbol ester activation of T cells (p55/p75 early and p50/p85 late).	Phorbol Esters	92-105	interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	133-136
1655729-0	1991	Different induction of two plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 mRNA species by phorbol ester in human hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	27-60
1655729-2	1991	We report that the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), causes a different induction of the two PAI-1 mRNA species in the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
1917935-1	1991	Phorbol esters (TPA) and concanavalin A (ConA) are known to induce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production in murine thymoma EL-4 cells by mRNA stabilization.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	67-115
1917935-1	1991	Phorbol esters (TPA) and concanavalin A (ConA) are known to induce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production in murine thymoma EL-4 cells by mRNA stabilization.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	117-123
1917944-3	1991	TGF-beta 1 also synergistically stimulated these activities when given together with calf serum, phorbol ester, fibroblast growth factor, or epidermal growth factor.	Phorbol Esters	97-110	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	0-10
1832154-7	1991	Furthermore, phorbol ester and forskolin treatment of cells before CD3 stimulation reduces the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC gamma 1 and the PLC activity associated with APTyr Ab.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	phospholipase C gamma 1	Homo sapiens	132-143
1881450-4	1991	In addition, this mutant PKC alpha form seems to be indistinguishable from the wild-type PKC alpha with respect to its dependence on cofactors, phorbol ester binding, subcellular distribution and its effects on growth and morphology.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	25-34
1742342-4	1991	Before that time, the mitogenic response to bFGF is abolished by 1) removal of extracellular bFGF by suramin, 2) addition of neutralizing anti-bFGF antibodies to the culture medium, 3) inhibition of PKC activity by the protein kinase inhibitor H-7, and 4) down-regulation of PKC by cotreatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	299-312	fibroblast growth factor 2	Bos taurus	44-48
1653535-5	1991	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, inhibited selectively the PIE and the accumulation of [3H]inositol monophosphate induced by endothelin-1 as well as those of myocardial alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation in a concentration that did not (10(-8) M) or only slightly (10(-7) M) reduced the PIE of BAY K 8644.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	151-163
1793019-5	1991	NPC 15437 inhibited phorbol ester-induced ear edema in mouse (IC50 = 175 micrograms/ear) demonstrating the ability of NPC 15437 to inhibit PKC-mediated activity in intact cells.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	139-142
1714380-3	1991	Unlike its counterparts c-jun and junB, junD expression is hardly inducible by growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	98-112	jun D proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	40-44
1651842-10	1991	Lastly, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased the level of the four protooncogene mRNAs, and its effects on c-fos and c-myc were significantly higher than those produced by hCG.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	protein c-Fos	Sus scrofa	130-135
1832543-1	1991	The c-fos proto-oncogene is inducible by cAMP, phorbol esters, serum, and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	47-61	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	4-9
1651842-10	1991	Lastly, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased the level of the four protooncogene mRNAs, and its effects on c-fos and c-myc were significantly higher than those produced by hCG.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Sus scrofa	140-145
1651842-10	1991	Lastly, the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased the level of the four protooncogene mRNAs, and its effects on c-fos and c-myc were significantly higher than those produced by hCG.	Phorbol Esters	12-25	chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5	Homo sapiens	195-198
1715277-5	1991	Phorbol esters induced formation of microtubule organizing centers not seen in resting or TNF-treated HUVECs.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	90-93
1937565-0	1991	Fibronectin fragments released from phorbol ester-stimulated pulmonary artery endothelial cell monolayers promote neutrophil chemotaxis.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
1868892-2	1991	The human erythroleukemic cell line HEL can also be induced to produce PF 4 by incubation in phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	platelet factor 4	Homo sapiens	71-75
1937565-13	1991	These results demonstrate that phorbol ester-stimulated pulmonary artery endothelial cells release Fn fragments and suggest an important role for Fn fragments containing the cell-binding domain in stimulating the migration of PMNL.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	99-101
1937565-13	1991	These results demonstrate that phorbol ester-stimulated pulmonary artery endothelial cells release Fn fragments and suggest an important role for Fn fragments containing the cell-binding domain in stimulating the migration of PMNL.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	146-148
1937565-3	1991	The present study was designed to evaluate the role of Fn or fragments of Fn present in conditioned medium from phorbol ester-stimulated endothelial cells as potential chemotactic factors for human PMNL.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	55-57
1937565-3	1991	The present study was designed to evaluate the role of Fn or fragments of Fn present in conditioned medium from phorbol ester-stimulated endothelial cells as potential chemotactic factors for human PMNL.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	74-76
1918168-0	1991	Differential expression of two classes of lck transcripts upon phorbol ester treatment of human leukemic T cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	42-45
1795022-2	1991	HL-60 cells differentiated to macrophages (HL-60/M phi) with a phorbol ester convert added [3H]PAF to AAG; 22% of the incorporated radioactivity is converted to AAG within 15s.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	95-98
1658015-1	1991	Addition of tumor promoting phorbol esters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), to many cell lines results in a decrease of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding and increased serine/threonine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor in a process termed transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	135-163
1658015-1	1991	Addition of tumor promoting phorbol esters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), to many cell lines results in a decrease of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding and increased serine/threonine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor in a process termed transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	165-168
1658015-1	1991	Addition of tumor promoting phorbol esters, such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), to many cell lines results in a decrease of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding and increased serine/threonine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor in a process termed transmodulation.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	epidermal growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	232-235
1918168-5	1991	Treatment of the leukemic T cell lines, P30/OKUBO and Jurkat, by the phorbol esters tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) or phorbol dibutyrate (PDB) results in the down-regulation of the type I, and the up-regulation of the type II, lck transcript levels.	Phorbol Esters	69-83	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	231-234
1652063-2	1991	We found that RA and the specific RA receptor (RAR) ligand Ch55 inhibited the phorbol ester and calcium ionophore-induced expression of the T-cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	34-45
1716311-7	1991	Mast cells were also incubated overnight with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to down regulate PKC and the response to goat anti-human IgE was measured.	Phorbol Esters	50-63	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	124-127
1652063-2	1991	We found that RA and the specific RA receptor (RAR) ligand Ch55 inhibited the phorbol ester and calcium ionophore-induced expression of the T-cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	47-50
1922109-1	1991	The phorbol ester TPA is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) activator and a cofactor in the activation of the human Jurkat leukemic T cell line.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	18-21
1875933-2	1991	We now demonstrate that phorbol esters reversibly decrease the mRNA levels of at least six myofibrillar genes: myosin heavy chain, myosin light chain 1/3, myosin light chain 2, cardiac and skeletal alpha-actin, and skeletal troponin T. The steady-state message levels decrease 50- to 100-fold after 48 h of exposure to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	myosin, heavy chain 15	Gallus gallus	111-129
1875933-2	1991	We now demonstrate that phorbol esters reversibly decrease the mRNA levels of at least six myofibrillar genes: myosin heavy chain, myosin light chain 1/3, myosin light chain 2, cardiac and skeletal alpha-actin, and skeletal troponin T. The steady-state message levels decrease 50- to 100-fold after 48 h of exposure to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	myosin, light chain 2, regulatory, cardiac, slow	Gallus gallus	155-175
1652063-2	1991	We found that RA and the specific RA receptor (RAR) ligand Ch55 inhibited the phorbol ester and calcium ionophore-induced expression of the T-cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	161-174
1652063-2	1991	We found that RA and the specific RA receptor (RAR) ligand Ch55 inhibited the phorbol ester and calcium ionophore-induced expression of the T-cell growth factor interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	176-180
1946563-5	1991	Pretreatment with phorbol esters (inhibition of protein kinase C activity) reduces basal prostaglandin production and attenuates the stimulatory action of EGF on prostaglandin biosynthesis.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	155-158
1871966-5	1991	The MN- and, to a lesser extent, IIIB-derived peptides also increased CD4 expression on the cell membrane and differentially inhibited CD4 down-regulation induced by the phorbol ester TPA and/or by the monosialoganglioside GM1; the peptides showing no viral infection enhancement had no such effects.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	135-138
1652153-2	1991	Pit-1 is phosphorylated in pituitary cells at two distinct sites in response to phorbol esters and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
1879564-3	1991	PKC-isotype selective activation by phorbol esters was observed in that SAPA failed to activate PKC-delta up to a concentration of 1000 ng.ml-1 and DOPPA only activated PKC-beta 1 over the same range of concentrations.	Phorbol Esters	36-50	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-3
1714477-1	1991	A human T cell hybridoma, II-23.D7, was induced with phorbol ester to express a surface form of lymphotoxin (LT, TNF-beta) and an associated 33-kDa glycoprotein.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	lymphotoxin alpha	Homo sapiens	113-121
1652153-1	1991	Pit-1, a tissue-specific POU domain transcription factor, is required for the activation of the prolactin, growth hormone, and Pit-1 promoters that confer regulation by epidermal growth factor, adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cAMP), and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	236-250	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
1652153-1	1991	Pit-1, a tissue-specific POU domain transcription factor, is required for the activation of the prolactin, growth hormone, and Pit-1 promoters that confer regulation by epidermal growth factor, adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cAMP), and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	236-250	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	107-121
1652153-1	1991	Pit-1, a tissue-specific POU domain transcription factor, is required for the activation of the prolactin, growth hormone, and Pit-1 promoters that confer regulation by epidermal growth factor, adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate (cAMP), and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	236-250	POU class 1 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	127-132
1883854-0	1991	Phorbol ester, prolactin, and relaxin cause translocation of protein kinase C from cytosol to membranes in human endometrial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-77
1872850-6	1991	We could parallel the overexpression of phospholipase A2 with an increase in phorbol ester and fluoroaluminate-stimulated arachidonic acid release.	Phorbol Esters	77-90	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	40-56
1650365-5	1991	Approximately 0.01 mol of P/mol of GPIIIa was phosphorylated in resting platelets and 0.03 mol of P/mol of GPIIIa was phosphorylated in thrombin-, phorbol ester-, or U46619-treated platelets.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	integrin subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	107-113
1907849-6	1991	Previous work in phorbol ester treated cells has indicated that c-jun expression is regulated by the activation of protein kinase C. The present results demonstrate that protein kinase C activity is increased in ara-C-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	64-69
1781789-2	1991	Some of these effects may be mediated by the protein kinase C (PKC) family of enzymes, since an influx of Zn2+ greatly increases their binding of regulatory ligand phorbol ester and induces their translocation from cytosol to the cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-61
1860872-1	1991	The effects of short-term phorbol ester treatment of CHO cells that stably express 900 fmol of recombinant human serotonin 5-HT1A receptor/mg of protein on coupling to the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and on phosphorylation of the receptor were studied.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Homo sapiens	123-138
1713580-4	1991	Acute treatment with phorbol esters resulted in increased collagen IV, tPA, PAI-1, and interstitial collagenase mRNAs; the type IV collagenase mRNA levels were instead suppressed to 50% of control.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	71-74
1713580-4	1991	Acute treatment with phorbol esters resulted in increased collagen IV, tPA, PAI-1, and interstitial collagenase mRNAs; the type IV collagenase mRNA levels were instead suppressed to 50% of control.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
1713580-4	1991	Acute treatment with phorbol esters resulted in increased collagen IV, tPA, PAI-1, and interstitial collagenase mRNAs; the type IV collagenase mRNA levels were instead suppressed to 50% of control.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	87-111
1713580-5	1991	Upon longer exposure to phorbol esters (48 h) suppression of fibronectin and PAI-1 mRNAs also occurred.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	61-72
1713580-5	1991	Upon longer exposure to phorbol esters (48 h) suppression of fibronectin and PAI-1 mRNAs also occurred.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
1713580-6	1991	Intracellular elevation of cAMP led to over-expression of fibronectin and type IV collagenase and potentiated the effects of phorbol esters on collagen IV, tPA, and interstitial collagenase expression.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	156-159
1713580-6	1991	Intracellular elevation of cAMP led to over-expression of fibronectin and type IV collagenase and potentiated the effects of phorbol esters on collagen IV, tPA, and interstitial collagenase expression.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	165-189
1650222-9	1991	CRP at concentrations of 50 micrograms/ml inhibited the neutrophil superoxide production induced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
1781789-2	1991	Some of these effects may be mediated by the protein kinase C (PKC) family of enzymes, since an influx of Zn2+ greatly increases their binding of regulatory ligand phorbol ester and induces their translocation from cytosol to the cytoskeleton.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	63-66
1781789-3	1991	Using a model with purified components, we now show that Zn2+ acts by forming a phospholipid-dependent complex of PKC with filamentous actin, which results in expression of new binding sites for phorbol ester and phosphorylation of actin.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	114-117
1830269-13	1991	On one hand, acute treatment with PDBu--which induces PKC activation--is able to stimulate aldosterone secretion but at the same time initiate desensitization, since phorbol ester uncouples the AVP receptor from the coupling G protein.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	194-197
1721849-1	1991	In this report we show that IL-4 inhibits DNA synthesis induced by stimulation of human B cells with mitogenic doses of either soluble anti-mu mAb DA44 or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	155-168	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	28-32
1830269-3	1991	In the present investigation, we studied the effects of a protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol ester (PDBu) on AVP-sensitive accumulation of IP.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	115-118
1713607-5	1991	IL-1 and agents that elevate intracellular cAMP levels do not, by themselves, induce AP-1 activation, but they synergize with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	0-4
1909304-4	1991	Although synthetic 1,2-diglyceride (diolein) dose dependently stimulated endothelin-1 release, downregulation of protein kinase C after pretreatment with phorbol ester resulted in decreased effects to increase endothelin-1 release by the agonists.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	210-222
1911547-4	1991	By mutagenesis, we show that phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation occurs exclusively on CD8 alpha serine residue 216.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	CD8 antigen, alpha chain	Mus musculus	89-98
2065663-5	1991	NAC and other thiol compounds also blocked the activation of NF-kappa B by cycloheximide, double-stranded RNA, calcium ionophore, TNF-alpha, active phorbol ester, interleukin-1, lipopolysaccharide and lectin.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	0-3
2065663-5	1991	NAC and other thiol compounds also blocked the activation of NF-kappa B by cycloheximide, double-stranded RNA, calcium ionophore, TNF-alpha, active phorbol ester, interleukin-1, lipopolysaccharide and lectin.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	61-71
1907767-7	1991	Generation of IL-4 in response to phorbol esters was related to the intensity of infection by schistosomes and intestinal nematodes.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	14-18
1650476-0	1991	Signal transduction convergence: phorbol esters and insulin inhibit phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene transcription through the same 10-base-pair sequence.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	68-101
1650476-5	1991	By using stable transfectants containing a variety of different PEPCK-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase fusion gene constructs, a phorbol ester response sequence, located between positions -437 and -402 relative to the transcription start site, was identified.	Phorbol Esters	130-143	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	64-69
1650476-8	1991	Thus, although it has been previously shown that insulin and phorbol esters repress PEPCK gene transcription through distinct pathways, the final target of insulin and phorbol ester action is the same DNA element.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	84-89
1650476-8	1991	Thus, although it has been previously shown that insulin and phorbol esters repress PEPCK gene transcription through distinct pathways, the final target of insulin and phorbol ester action is the same DNA element.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	insulin	Homo sapiens	156-163
1650476-8	1991	Thus, although it has been previously shown that insulin and phorbol esters repress PEPCK gene transcription through distinct pathways, the final target of insulin and phorbol ester action is the same DNA element.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	84-89
1650476-8	1991	Thus, although it has been previously shown that insulin and phorbol esters repress PEPCK gene transcription through distinct pathways, the final target of insulin and phorbol ester action is the same DNA element.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	insulin	Homo sapiens	156-163
2072105-6	1991	Of the two active phorbol esters studied, only phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDbut) at a concentration of 1 microM caused the PKC immunoreactivity in rabbit retina bipolar cells to be "transported" from the perikarya towards the axonal terminal processes.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	122-125
1650454-0	1991	Regulatory elements involved in constitutive and phorbol ester-inducible expression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 gene promoter.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	serpin family B member 2	Homo sapiens	91-129
14731549-2	1991	Recent results suggest that small nontoxic amounts of these radicals are released by various cell types in response to stimulation with tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and phorbol esters, all of which activate a cytoplasmic form of the transcription factor NF-kappa B by releasing an inhibitory protein subunit.	Phorbol Esters	191-205	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	276-286
1650454-2	1991	To identify promoter elements required for basal-, and phorbol ester-inducible expression, deletion mutants of the PAI-1 promoter fused to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene, were transiently expressed in HT1080 cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	115-120
2071899-1	1991	The regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) gene expression by phorbol esters and calcium ionophore (A23187) was studied in HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	18-54
1649170-4	1991	Bradykinin increased the two second messengers via independent mechanisms: (a) dose-response curves with different incubation media demonstrated that each second messenger could be generated independently of the other; (b) phorbol ester inhibited InsP production but stimulated arachidonic acid release; (c) for polarized cultures, submucosal bradykinin stimulated production of both second messengers but mucosal bradykinin stimulated only arachidonic acid release.	Phorbol Esters	223-236	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	0-10
2071899-1	1991	The regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) gene expression by phorbol esters and calcium ionophore (A23187) was studied in HL-60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
2055193-1	1991	Treatment of MCF-7 cells, a human mammary carcinoma cell line, with phorbol ester [12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)] or calcium ionophore (A23187) was associated with striking effects on levels of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA, specific binding of 17 beta-[3H]estradiol [( 3H]E2), and immunoreactive ER.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	207-224
1906604-5	1991	Both in NIH 3T3 cells and in F9 cells a mutated c-fos promoter that binds SRF but fails to form a ternary complex, was inducible by serum and phorbol esters to the same extent as the wild-type promoter.	Phorbol Esters	142-156	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	48-53
1927975-2	1991	These cells can be induced to undergo macrophage differentiation by phorbol esters, which results in suppression of c-myc expression and cessation of cell proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	116-121
1674673-2	1991	One mitogenic anti-Thy 1 mAb (G7) lost mitogenicity when presented to T cells immobilized on a plastic surface, even in the presence of phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	136-149	thymus cell antigen 1, theta	Mus musculus	19-24
1855195-0	1991	Distinct patterns of phorbol ester-induced downregulation of protein kinase C activity in adriamycin-selected multidrug resistant and parental murine fibrosarcoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-77
1855195-1	1991	Specific activators of protein kinase C (PKC), including the phorbol-ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), can reduce the chemosensitivities of a variety of mammalian tumor cell lines and their cytotoxic drug-selected multidrug resistant (MDR) variants to MDR-linked drugs, thus implicating PKC in the MDR phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	23-39
1855195-1	1991	Specific activators of protein kinase C (PKC), including the phorbol-ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), can reduce the chemosensitivities of a variety of mammalian tumor cell lines and their cytotoxic drug-selected multidrug resistant (MDR) variants to MDR-linked drugs, thus implicating PKC in the MDR phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	41-44
1855195-1	1991	Specific activators of protein kinase C (PKC), including the phorbol-ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), can reduce the chemosensitivities of a variety of mammalian tumor cell lines and their cytotoxic drug-selected multidrug resistant (MDR) variants to MDR-linked drugs, thus implicating PKC in the MDR phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	318-321
1855195-3	1991	In this report, we show that the level of [3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate specific binding activity was elevated 3.5-fold in the MDR cells, thus establishing that phorbol-ester responsive PKC is overexpressed in the MDR line.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	185-188
1855195-4	1991	Phorbol esters mediate downregulation of PKC by stimulating proteolysis of the enzyme, without altering the rate of PKC synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	41-44
1855195-5	1991	We report that the kinetics of TPA-induced downregulation of PKC activity differ markedly in parental and MDR UV-2237M cells, providing evidence that the overexpression of phorbol-ester responsive PKC in adriamycin-selected MDR UV-2237M-ADRR cells results, at least in part, from a reduced rate of PKC degradation in the cells.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-64
1855195-5	1991	We report that the kinetics of TPA-induced downregulation of PKC activity differ markedly in parental and MDR UV-2237M cells, providing evidence that the overexpression of phorbol-ester responsive PKC in adriamycin-selected MDR UV-2237M-ADRR cells results, at least in part, from a reduced rate of PKC degradation in the cells.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	197-200
1855195-5	1991	We report that the kinetics of TPA-induced downregulation of PKC activity differ markedly in parental and MDR UV-2237M cells, providing evidence that the overexpression of phorbol-ester responsive PKC in adriamycin-selected MDR UV-2237M-ADRR cells results, at least in part, from a reduced rate of PKC degradation in the cells.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	197-200
1675604-6	1991	This mutant also functions in vivo as a trans-acting dominant negative regulator: the transcriptional inducibility of the HIV long terminal repeat (which contains two potential NF-kappa B binding sites) by phorbol ester (PMA) is inhibited when it is co-transfected into CD4+ T cells with the delta SP mutant.	Phorbol Esters	206-219	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	177-187
2055193-1	1991	Treatment of MCF-7 cells, a human mammary carcinoma cell line, with phorbol ester [12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)] or calcium ionophore (A23187) was associated with striking effects on levels of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA, specific binding of 17 beta-[3H]estradiol [( 3H]E2), and immunoreactive ER.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	226-228
1791141-2	1991	In addition, a synergistic interaction with the phorbol ester TPA indicated protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
2055193-1	1991	Treatment of MCF-7 cells, a human mammary carcinoma cell line, with phorbol ester [12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)] or calcium ionophore (A23187) was associated with striking effects on levels of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA, specific binding of 17 beta-[3H]estradiol [( 3H]E2), and immunoreactive ER.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	308-310
1905330-5	1991	Additional experiments characterized the activation of PLD by receptor-independent pathways at different stages of differentiation; these included studies of phorbol ester action in intact cells and GTP gamma S action in electropermeabilized cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-171	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	55-58
1830593-0	1991	GM-CSF and phorbol esters modulate GM-CSF receptor expression by independent mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	35-41
1830593-1	1991	Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (0.1 nM) down-modulates its receptor in IL-3/GM-CSF dependent M-07e cells, in KG-1 cells and normal granulocytes, whereas phorbol esters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (2 nM) down-modulates the GM-CSF receptor in M-07e cells and granulocytes but not in KG-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	186-200	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	6-54
1830593-1	1991	Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (0.1 nM) down-modulates its receptor in IL-3/GM-CSF dependent M-07e cells, in KG-1 cells and normal granulocytes, whereas phorbol esters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (2 nM) down-modulates the GM-CSF receptor in M-07e cells and granulocytes but not in KG-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	186-200	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	56-62
1920533-1	1991	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-acetate (TPA) induced prominent and transient changes in the organization of the cytoskeleton in cultured amoeboid microglial cells including redistribution of actin toward the center of the cells and in the subplasmalemmal region, appearance of fine actin filaments, retraction of microtubules (MT), and rearrangement of intermediate filaments (IF) containing vimentin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	vimentin	Homo sapiens	398-406
2056282-0	1991	Human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene regulation in phorbol ester stimulated T and B cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	6-33
2056282-1	1991	The minimal region of the human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter necessary for its transcriptional induction by phorbol esters (PMA) in human T and B lymphocyte cell lines has been localized between -52 and +89 nucleotides (nt) relative to the gene"s transcriptional start site.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	32-59
2056282-1	1991	The minimal region of the human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter necessary for its transcriptional induction by phorbol esters (PMA) in human T and B lymphocyte cell lines has been localized between -52 and +89 nucleotides (nt) relative to the gene"s transcriptional start site.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	61-70
1646841-2	1991	Both protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters, e.g., PMA, and LPS induce IL-1 beta expression in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	33-47	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	75-84
2046667-2	1991	K562 cells normally synthesize fetal hemoglobin (gamma-globin), but treatment with tumor-promoting phorbol esters (phorbol myristate acetate and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate) results in the loss of the erythroid phenotype of the cells and causes a shift toward a megakaryocytic phenotype.	Phorbol Esters	99-113	hemoglobin subunit gamma 1	Homo sapiens	49-61
1713662-0	1991	Defective induction of Jun and Fos-related proteins in phorbol ester-resistant EL4 mouse thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	31-34
1713662-0	1991	Defective induction of Jun and Fos-related proteins in phorbol ester-resistant EL4 mouse thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	79-82
1648227-4	1991	Both alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists, dibutyryl cAMP, and phorbol ester induced beta-galactosidase activity in a dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	galactosidase beta 1	Homo sapiens	84-102
1713662-1	1991	Treatment of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells with phorbol esters causes growth inhibition, adherence to substrate and production of several lymphokines including Interleukin 2.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	23-26
1713662-1	1991	Treatment of sensitive EL4 mouse thymoma cells with phorbol esters causes growth inhibition, adherence to substrate and production of several lymphokines including Interleukin 2.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	164-177
1713662-3	1991	Since production of Interleukin 2 mRNA is dependent on protein synthesis, and the Interleukin 2 gene has a phorbol ester responsive element, we examined both cell lines for expression of the various Jun and Fos species which bind to this element.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	82-95
1713662-4	1991	Phorbol ester induced c-fos, jun-B, and jun-D RNAs within 20 min in both cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	22-27
1712510-7	1991	In vitro stimulation of leukaemic B cells by phorbol ester substantially increased the expression of HLA-ABC and CD1c, but also accentuated further the difference between the expression of these molecules and that of beta 2m.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	beta-2 microglobulin	Mus musculus	217-224
1713662-4	1991	Phorbol ester induced c-fos, jun-B, and jun-D RNAs within 20 min in both cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	jun B proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	29-34
1713662-9	1991	These results suggest that defective induction of c-Jun and/or Fos-related proteins may contribute to the absence of phorbol ester-induced lymphokine production in resistant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	50-55
1713662-9	1991	These results suggest that defective induction of c-Jun and/or Fos-related proteins may contribute to the absence of phorbol ester-induced lymphokine production in resistant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	63-66
1713662-9	1991	These results suggest that defective induction of c-Jun and/or Fos-related proteins may contribute to the absence of phorbol ester-induced lymphokine production in resistant EL4 cells.	Phorbol Esters	117-130	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	174-177
2062851-0	1991	A phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein encoded by the unc-13 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	62-68
1647984-1	1991	alpha-Thrombin, phorbol esters (PMA) and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), three activators of the amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchange in human platelets, rapidly increase the intracellular pH and the level of phosphorylation of the Na+/H+ exchange protein (NHE1).	Phorbol Esters	16-30	solute carrier family 9 member A1	Homo sapiens	250-254
2050694-0	1991	Phosphorylation of valyl-tRNA synthetase and elongation factor 1 in response to phorbol esters is associated with stimulation of both activities.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	valine--tRNA ligase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	19-40
1711045-8	1991	The promoter region also contains several potential binding sites for the transcription factors AP-1 and AP-2; consistent with the presence of these sites, Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the level of VEGF transcripts is elevated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells after treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	305-318	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	96-100
1711045-8	1991	The promoter region also contains several potential binding sites for the transcription factors AP-1 and AP-2; consistent with the presence of these sites, Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the level of VEGF transcripts is elevated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells after treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	305-318	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	105-109
1711045-8	1991	The promoter region also contains several potential binding sites for the transcription factors AP-1 and AP-2; consistent with the presence of these sites, Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the level of VEGF transcripts is elevated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells after treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	305-318	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	210-214
2050683-8	1991	Although phorbol ester treatment results in a significant increase in caldesmon phosphorylation apparently by protein kinase C, treatment of intact platelets with thrombin or collagen does not result in an increase in caldesmon phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	caldesmon 1	Homo sapiens	70-79
1647205-3	1991	The synergistic enhancement of thrombin-activated PKC by EIA plus nigericin was not observed when PKC was directly activated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	31-39
2059213-0	1991	Regulation of synthesis and activity of NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) by dexamethasone and phorbol ester in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	carbonyl reductase 1	Homo sapiens	57-95
2059213-0	1991	Regulation of synthesis and activity of NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) by dexamethasone and phorbol ester in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	carbonyl reductase 1	Homo sapiens	97-104
1710244-8	1991	Other B cell mitogens such as LPS, soluble anti-Ig/IL-4, or phorbol esters/ionomycin are poor inducers of the IL-5R.	Phorbol Esters	60-74	interleukin 5 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	110-115
1710239-3	1991	This molecule is able to mediate positive signals to the lymphocytes as the anti-CD69 mAb (MLR3, AIM, Leu 23) in synergism with phorbol esters induce IL-2 production and proliferation of lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	81-85
1905924-6	1991	Stimulation of THP1 cells for 2-4 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activated cytosolic and membrane-bound phospholipase A2.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	15-19
1710239-3	1991	This molecule is able to mediate positive signals to the lymphocytes as the anti-CD69 mAb (MLR3, AIM, Leu 23) in synergism with phorbol esters induce IL-2 production and proliferation of lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	CD69 molecule	Homo sapiens	91-95
1710239-3	1991	This molecule is able to mediate positive signals to the lymphocytes as the anti-CD69 mAb (MLR3, AIM, Leu 23) in synergism with phorbol esters induce IL-2 production and proliferation of lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	128-142	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	150-154
1904062-1	1991	The phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate [TPA) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), directly activates the calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C (protein kinase C), which, in turn, generates a number of cellular responses.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
1905924-6	1991	Stimulation of THP1 cells for 2-4 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activated cytosolic and membrane-bound phospholipase A2.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	136-152
1647137-4	1991	The tumor cells of malignant histiocytosis generally expressed the monocyte markers CD11b, CD11c, CD14, and CD45, especially after induction with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	84-89
1645339-8	1991	Down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C activity by long term incubation with phorbol esters also inhibited HDL3-mediated efflux of intracellular sterols and abolished the ability of sphingosine to further inhibit HDL3-mediated efflux.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	HDL3	Homo sapiens	113-117
1645339-8	1991	Down-regulation of cellular protein kinase C activity by long term incubation with phorbol esters also inhibited HDL3-mediated efflux of intracellular sterols and abolished the ability of sphingosine to further inhibit HDL3-mediated efflux.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	HDL3	Homo sapiens	219-223
2037585-9	1991	Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by long term treatment with phorbol ester, prior to BK stimulation, resulted in (i) enhanced DGi and decreased PAi formation, suggesting that DG kinase activity is positively controlled by PKC; (ii) the unexpected manifestation of rapidly formed DGc; (iii) no change in the DGc levels obtained after 30-min BK stimulation, but complete suppression of PMA-induced DGc formation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	desmoglein 1	Homo sapiens	135-138
2037585-9	1991	Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by long term treatment with phorbol ester, prior to BK stimulation, resulted in (i) enhanced DGi and decreased PAi formation, suggesting that DG kinase activity is positively controlled by PKC; (ii) the unexpected manifestation of rapidly formed DGc; (iii) no change in the DGc levels obtained after 30-min BK stimulation, but complete suppression of PMA-induced DGc formation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
2037585-9	1991	Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by long term treatment with phorbol ester, prior to BK stimulation, resulted in (i) enhanced DGi and decreased PAi formation, suggesting that DG kinase activity is positively controlled by PKC; (ii) the unexpected manifestation of rapidly formed DGc; (iii) no change in the DGc levels obtained after 30-min BK stimulation, but complete suppression of PMA-induced DGc formation.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	349-351
1647137-4	1991	The tumor cells of malignant histiocytosis generally expressed the monocyte markers CD11b, CD11c, CD14, and CD45, especially after induction with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	98-102
1647137-4	1991	The tumor cells of malignant histiocytosis generally expressed the monocyte markers CD11b, CD11c, CD14, and CD45, especially after induction with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	108-112
1773784-4	1991	P- and P+ cells exhibited induction of c-jun and c-fos messenger RNA levels by phorbol ester, but P- cells had significantly lower basal and induced levels of jun mRNA than P+ cells.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	49-54
2049075-0	1991	Phorbol ester and bryostatin differentially regulate the hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine in Ha-ras- and raf-oncogene-transformed NIH 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	99-105
2049075-0	1991	Phorbol ester and bryostatin differentially regulate the hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine in Ha-ras- and raf-oncogene-transformed NIH 3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2	Mus musculus	111-114
1909183-1	1991	Phorbol esters, by activating protein kinase C (PKC), induce the expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) gene and the proto-oncogene c-fos in LLC-PK1 (PK1) porcine kidney epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Sus scrofa	83-119
1909183-1	1991	Phorbol esters, by activating protein kinase C (PKC), induce the expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) gene and the proto-oncogene c-fos in LLC-PK1 (PK1) porcine kidney epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Sus scrofa	121-124
1909183-1	1991	Phorbol esters, by activating protein kinase C (PKC), induce the expression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) gene and the proto-oncogene c-fos in LLC-PK1 (PK1) porcine kidney epithelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	protein c-Fos	Sus scrofa	139-159
1645255-4	1991	UMR-106 cells treated with protein kinase C (PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10(-6) M) for 6 h also induced desensitization manifested by a loss of rPTH-stimulated cAMP accumulation to 50% of that in the control cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	27-43
1645255-4	1991	UMR-106 cells treated with protein kinase C (PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10(-6) M) for 6 h also induced desensitization manifested by a loss of rPTH-stimulated cAMP accumulation to 50% of that in the control cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
1645255-4	1991	UMR-106 cells treated with protein kinase C (PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10(-6) M) for 6 h also induced desensitization manifested by a loss of rPTH-stimulated cAMP accumulation to 50% of that in the control cells.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	186-190
1648351-2	1991	Although TM was down-regulated by endotoxin or cytokines, up-regulation of TM was accomplished when endothelial cells were stimulated with unphysiologically high concentrations of cyclic AMP derivatives or tumour-promoting phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	223-237	thrombomodulin	Homo sapiens	75-77
1645261-9	1991	A concentration of MMI (5 mM) that increases Tg mRNA levels can also inhibit 8-bromo-cAMP- or phorbol ester-induced increases in [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA.	Phorbol Esters	94-107	thyroglobulin	Rattus norvegicus	45-47
1828426-3	1991	CD72-delivered signals were more evident in co-stimulation assays with phorbol ester and with a synergistic combination of IL4 and CD40 antibody, but not with calcium ionophore or a CD23 antibody; rapidly cycling B cells were refractory to signaling via CD72 whether or not other co-stimuli were present.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	CD72 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-4
2036974-3	1991	Phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and phorbol 12,13-didecanoate) stimulated PLP secretion at 10(-7)-10(-5) M, whereas forskolin treatment had no effect.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	90-93
2036974-4	1991	When cells were treated initially with phorbol esters, ionomycin-stimulated PLP secretion was potentiated.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	parathyroid hormone like hormone	Homo sapiens	76-79
2033263-11	1991	One, stimulated by FMLP, is dependent on an increase of intracellular Ca2+ during the ingestion process; the other, activated by phorbol esters and PAF, is capable of effecting high levels of ingestion at very low concentrations of [Ca2+]i.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-23
1645446-9	1991	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters did induce c-fos, c-myc, and JE in IRB cells, indicating that signalling pathways distal to this enzyme remained intact.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	60-65
1673992-8	1991	A monoclonal antibody (MAb), 60.3, against the CD11/CD18 family of leukocyte adhesion molecules partially inhibited the adhesion of untreated and phorbol ester-treated U937 cells to noncytokine-treated EC.	Phorbol Esters	146-159	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	52-56
1673992-12	1991	In the presence of phorbol esters, a much larger proportion of the U937 cells adhered to FN, with only slight increases in the proportion of cells which bound to LN or gelatin.	Phorbol Esters	19-33	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	89-91
1673992-13	1991	Additional adhesion assays performed in the presence of a pentapeptide containing the amino acid sequence arg-gly-asp (RGD), which is part of one of the cell-binding domains of FN, demonstrated that the RGD-containing peptide almost totally blocked the phorbol ester-induced adhesion of U937 cells to FN.	Phorbol Esters	253-266	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	177-179
1851155-1	1991	Interaction of protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) was investigated by monitoring the changes in the intrinsic fluorescence of the enzyme, the kinase activity, and phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	210-223	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	33-36
1911648-4	1991	Recombinant eIF-4E was phosphorylated by PKC at the same amino acid that is phosphorylated in cultured cells and reticulocytes in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Mus musculus	12-18
2040014-1	1991	When quiescent cells are stimulated with growth factors, phorbol esters, okadaic acid, or protein synthesis inhibitors, the early-response genes, which include c-fos and c-jun, are rapidly induced.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	160-165
2040014-1	1991	When quiescent cells are stimulated with growth factors, phorbol esters, okadaic acid, or protein synthesis inhibitors, the early-response genes, which include c-fos and c-jun, are rapidly induced.	Phorbol Esters	57-71	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	170-175
2040014-2	1991	The earliest growth factor- and phorbol ester-stimulated nuclear signaling events concomitant with proto-oncogene induction are the rapid phosphorylation of two chromatin-associated proteins, pp33 and pp15.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	201-205
1851171-9	1991	CD45 redistribution does not require hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositides and cannot be reproduced by the addition of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	0-4
1717834-6	1991	Long term treatment with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) reduced the VP mRNA level by 75%.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	99-101
1851155-7	1991	Binding of PIP2 to PKC in the absence of divalent metal ion also caused a reduction of [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding as a result of reducing the affinity of the enzyme for phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	19-22
2022670-9	1991	Furthermore, like HIV-EP1, expression of HIV-EP2 mRNA was greatly induced by mitogen and phorbol ester treatment of Jurkat T cells, suggesting that HIV-EP2 acts in HIV production from latently infected T cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	HIVEP zinc finger 1	Homo sapiens	18-25
1902475-3	1991	In these cells c-fos mRNA expression can be induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) through protein kinase C-independent pathways and by phorbol esters through protein kinase C. We detected two DNA-protein complexes that formed specifically with the SRE (bands 1 and 2).	Phorbol Esters	138-152	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-20
2022670-9	1991	Furthermore, like HIV-EP1, expression of HIV-EP2 mRNA was greatly induced by mitogen and phorbol ester treatment of Jurkat T cells, suggesting that HIV-EP2 acts in HIV production from latently infected T cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	HIVEP zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	41-48
2022670-9	1991	Furthermore, like HIV-EP1, expression of HIV-EP2 mRNA was greatly induced by mitogen and phorbol ester treatment of Jurkat T cells, suggesting that HIV-EP2 acts in HIV production from latently infected T cells.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	HIVEP zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	148-155
2039438-0	1991	The translocation of the glucose transporter sub-types GLUT1 and GLUT4 in isolated fat cells is differently regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	solute carrier family 2 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-60
2039438-0	1991	The translocation of the glucose transporter sub-types GLUT1 and GLUT4 in isolated fat cells is differently regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	121-135	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	65-70
1902412-4	1991	N-myc-transfected neuroblastoma cells were found to be blocked in the activation of both c-fos mRNA and the NF-kappa B transcription factor by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	0-5
1653056-2	1991	In T cells, NF-kappa B is activated upon cellular treatment by phorbol esters and the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha).	Phorbol Esters	63-77	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	12-22
1653056-4	1991	We found that in both cell lines, both phorbol ester and TNF alpha were able to activate NF-kappa B.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	89-99
1902412-4	1991	N-myc-transfected neuroblastoma cells were found to be blocked in the activation of both c-fos mRNA and the NF-kappa B transcription factor by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	89-94
1902412-4	1991	N-myc-transfected neuroblastoma cells were found to be blocked in the activation of both c-fos mRNA and the NF-kappa B transcription factor by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	108-118
1902412-5	1991	Introduction of a protein kinase C expression vector in N-myc transfected neuroblastoma cells restored inducibility of both c-fos and NF-kappa B by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	124-129
1902412-5	1991	Introduction of a protein kinase C expression vector in N-myc transfected neuroblastoma cells restored inducibility of both c-fos and NF-kappa B by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	148-161	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	134-144
1903479-4	1991	In human lung fibroblasts and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, LIF was constitutively expressed and its accumulation was increased in a time-dependent manner following treatment with the phorbol ester TPA and in the presence of the two immediate response cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1-beta.	Phorbol Esters	197-210	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	73-76
2015852-0	1991	Involvement of protein kinase C in the regulation of ornithine decarboxylase mRNA by phorbol esters in rat hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	85-99	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	53-76
2015852-6	1991	These results are inconsistent with any contribution from altered mRNA half-life towards the accumulation of ODC mRNA following treatment with phorbol ester tumor promoters.	Phorbol Esters	143-156	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
2013763-6	1991	Addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a phorbol ester, together with phosphatidylserine, stimulated the phosphorylation of the approximately 20K Mr protein in the hypo-osmotically shocked P2 synaptosomal fraction by fivefold, whereas cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, and calmodulin did not have any effect on the phosphorylation of this particular protein.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	269-279
2040659-0	1991	Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase mRNA by phorbol esters and insulin in normal and C-kinase-deficient rat hepatoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	46-60	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-37
2040659-1	1991	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters and insulin produce similar effects in Reuber H35 rat hepatoma cell proliferation, including increased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) enzyme activity, DNA synthesis, and mitogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-157
2040659-1	1991	Tumor-promoting phorbol esters and insulin produce similar effects in Reuber H35 rat hepatoma cell proliferation, including increased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) enzyme activity, DNA synthesis, and mitogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	16-30	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-162
1903479-6	1991	Expression of LIF transcripts in these cells is constitutive and can be significantly enhanced by phorbol ester, TNF-alpha and IL-1-beta.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	14-17
2023931-2	1991	32P-radiolabeling of rat glioma C6 cells revealed plectin as a major in vivo target of protein kinase A and protein kinase C. Plectin, present in lysates of dibutyryladenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate-treated cells, showed a 2.5 times higher binding affinity to vimentin than plectin from phorbol ester-treated cells.	Phorbol Esters	291-304	plectin	Rattus norvegicus	126-133
1667761-1	1991	The role of cyclic AMP and phorbol esters in luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor down-regulation in Leydig cells has been studied.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Mus musculus	45-78
1820763-0	1991	Protein kinase C activation by phorbol esters: do cysteine-rich regions and pseudosubstrate motifs play a role?	Phorbol Esters	31-45	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
2023931-3	1991	Furthermore, the relative amounts of plectin in 1% Triton X-100/high salt-insoluble cell fractions decreased to one-fourth of control values upon treating cells with phorbol esters, whereas vimentin was unaffected.	Phorbol Esters	166-180	plectin	Rattus norvegicus	37-44
1902229-10	1991	Experiments using phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) in combination with the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin confirm that activation of protein kinase C induces c-fos and c-jun expression and that a concomitant increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] potentiates the induction of c-fos while repressing that of c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	167-172
1851004-0	1991	Phorbol ester induces desensitization of PTH-stimulated cyclic AMP production by decreasing the PTH receptor binding in UMR-106 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	41-44
1851004-0	1991	Phorbol ester induces desensitization of PTH-stimulated cyclic AMP production by decreasing the PTH receptor binding in UMR-106 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
1851004-1	1991	Pretreatment of UMR-106 cells (rat osteoblast like osteosarcoma cell line) with the protein kinase C(PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) results in a time dependent (1-12h) desensitization of PTH-stimulated cAMP production.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
1902229-10	1991	Experiments using phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) in combination with the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin confirm that activation of protein kinase C induces c-fos and c-jun expression and that a concomitant increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] potentiates the induction of c-fos while repressing that of c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	177-182
1902229-10	1991	Experiments using phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) in combination with the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin confirm that activation of protein kinase C induces c-fos and c-jun expression and that a concomitant increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] potentiates the induction of c-fos while repressing that of c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	275-280
1902217-7	1991	Cell stimulation by thrombin, ADP plus epinephrine or phorbol-ester caused up to a 2-fold increase in RET between chromophore-labeled, platelet-bound B1B5, SSA6, and A2A9 (p less than or equal to 0.05), suggesting a change in the separation or orientation of these epitopes within the GP IIb-IIIa complex.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	285-291
1902229-10	1991	Experiments using phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) in combination with the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin confirm that activation of protein kinase C induces c-fos and c-jun expression and that a concomitant increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] potentiates the induction of c-fos while repressing that of c-jun.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	306-311
1707668-2	1991	TPA, a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, stimulated a dose-dependent increase in TSH beta promoter activity at 8 h similar to TRH (2-3-fold).	Phorbol Esters	23-36	thyroid stimulating hormone subunit beta	Rattus norvegicus	78-86
1915590-7	1991	This may have been due to insertion of an additional or different region of protein kinase C into the lipid bilayer as demonstrated by a blue shift in tryptophan fluorescence, providing an explanation for their inability to act as competitors of PKC binding of phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	261-275	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	76-92
1673351-2	1991	Similarly, the phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U-937 promonocytic cells into macrophage-like cells is morphologically characterized by an important increase in LFA-1/ICAM-1-dependent intercellular homotypic adhesions.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	169-174
1849761-4	1991	Exposure to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) caused enhancement of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) message level in lung cancer cells and in control fibroblasts but elevated levels persisted far longer in the tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	90-138
1673351-2	1991	Similarly, the phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U-937 promonocytic cells into macrophage-like cells is morphologically characterized by an important increase in LFA-1/ICAM-1-dependent intercellular homotypic adhesions.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	175-181
1849761-4	1991	Exposure to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) caused enhancement of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) message level in lung cancer cells and in control fibroblasts but elevated levels persisted far longer in the tumor cells.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	140-146
1850304-3	1991	Chemotactic peptides, lipid mediators, phorbol esters and tumour necrosis factor are all able to increase the cell surface expression of one member of this family, CD11b/CD18 or Mac-1, by an unknown signal transduction mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	164-169
1707907-4	1991	In contrast, direct stimulation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters markedly down-regulates CD27 surface expression.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	CD27 molecule	Homo sapiens	94-98
1850304-3	1991	Chemotactic peptides, lipid mediators, phorbol esters and tumour necrosis factor are all able to increase the cell surface expression of one member of this family, CD11b/CD18 or Mac-1, by an unknown signal transduction mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	integrin subunit beta 2	Homo sapiens	170-174
1850304-3	1991	Chemotactic peptides, lipid mediators, phorbol esters and tumour necrosis factor are all able to increase the cell surface expression of one member of this family, CD11b/CD18 or Mac-1, by an unknown signal transduction mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	178-183
1850304-5	1991	The inhibitor of PK-C, H-7, has no effect on the action of C5a and only a slight effect on phorbol ester-induced up- and down-regulation of Mac-1, at a concentration that inhibits superoxide production in response to both factors by 40%.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	140-145
1901948-6	1991	Furthermore, UV is a much more efficient inducer of c-jun than phorbol esters, the standard inducers of c-jun expression.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	104-109
1707923-0	1991	Phorbol esters down-regulate transcription and translation of the CD4 gene.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	66-69
1849745-4	1991	The relative percentage of unphosphorylated to phosphorylated gp46 increased 10% in myoblasts heat-shocked at 42 degrees C for 24 h. Treatment of myoblasts with phorbol ester or dibutyryl-cAMP had no effect on the phosphorylation ratio of gp46.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	serpin family H member 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
1707674-8	1991	The observations indicate that bradykinin increases Cai in part by phorbol ester and pertussis toxin sensitive activation of phospholipase C. In addition, bradykinin is capable of enhancing Cai by utilizing pertussis toxin insensitive mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	31-41
1707674-8	1991	The observations indicate that bradykinin increases Cai in part by phorbol ester and pertussis toxin sensitive activation of phospholipase C. In addition, bradykinin is capable of enhancing Cai by utilizing pertussis toxin insensitive mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	kininogen 1	Canis lupus familiaris	155-165
1849903-0	1991	Identification of a serum- and phorbol ester-responsive element in the murine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase gene.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	78-115
1849903-2	1991	Transcription of the TIMP gene is induced by such diverse agents as viruses, phorbol esters, serum, and growth factors.	Phorbol Esters	77-91	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	21-25
2014052-7	1991	Also, nef can downregulate a CD4 triple mutant (Ser----Ala) that is neither phosphorylated nor down-regulated by phorbol esters, indicating that nef is acting by a different mechanism.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1	Mus musculus	6-9
1849745-4	1991	The relative percentage of unphosphorylated to phosphorylated gp46 increased 10% in myoblasts heat-shocked at 42 degrees C for 24 h. Treatment of myoblasts with phorbol ester or dibutyryl-cAMP had no effect on the phosphorylation ratio of gp46.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	serpin family H member 1	Homo sapiens	239-243
2007608-7	1991	The lysozyme gene has been found to be strongly induced by lipopolysaccharides and a phorbol ester as well as bacteria.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	lysozyme	Bombyx mori	4-12
1827739-2	1991	Compared with the changes observed with classic activating reagents such as the phorbol ester PMA similar, but less pronounced alterations of surface antigen expression were observed upon granulocyte activation with human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hrGM-CSF).	Phorbol Esters	80-93	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	234-282
2013157-6	1991	Cell injury manifest by 51Cr release was calcium dependent and was inhibited by pretreatment of lymphocytes with phorbol ester to deplete protein kinase C. Myocyte injury was also prevented by pretreatment of sensitized lymphocytes with anti-Thy 1.2 or anti-CD8 antibody plus complement but not by treatment with anti-CD4 antibody, indicating that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are involved.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	258-261
2018470-0	1991	Phorbol ester only partially mimics the effects of insulin on glucose transport and glucose-transporter distribution in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin	Homo sapiens	51-58
2018470-5	1991	We suggest that the stimulation of transport by insulin and PMA occurs via different mechanisms, which is manifested by the ability of insulin to induce a much greater increase in the plasma-membrane content of GLUT 4 compared with the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	236-249	insulin	Homo sapiens	48-55
1651101-0	1991	Phorbol ester, forskolin, and serum induction of a human colon nuclear hormone receptor gene related to the NUR 77/NGFI-B genes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	108-114
1651101-0	1991	Phorbol ester, forskolin, and serum induction of a human colon nuclear hormone receptor gene related to the NUR 77/NGFI-B genes.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	115-121
1901779-2	1991	We measured the in vitro production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in five cases of hyper-IgE syndrome (HIgE), induced by mitogens, calcium ionophores and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	39-55
1901779-2	1991	We measured the in vitro production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in five cases of hyper-IgE syndrome (HIgE), induced by mitogens, calcium ionophores and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	57-66
2013157-6	1991	Cell injury manifest by 51Cr release was calcium dependent and was inhibited by pretreatment of lymphocytes with phorbol ester to deplete protein kinase C. Myocyte injury was also prevented by pretreatment of sensitized lymphocytes with anti-Thy 1.2 or anti-CD8 antibody plus complement but not by treatment with anti-CD4 antibody, indicating that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are involved.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	318-321
2013157-6	1991	Cell injury manifest by 51Cr release was calcium dependent and was inhibited by pretreatment of lymphocytes with phorbol ester to deplete protein kinase C. Myocyte injury was also prevented by pretreatment of sensitized lymphocytes with anti-Thy 1.2 or anti-CD8 antibody plus complement but not by treatment with anti-CD4 antibody, indicating that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells are involved.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	348-351
1672274-0	1991	Inhibition of pyroglutamyl peptidase II synthesis by phorbol ester in the Y-79 retinoblastoma cell.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	thyrotropin releasing hormone degrading enzyme	Homo sapiens	14-39
1661233-0	1991	Phorbol ester-induced LH release in pituitary gonadotrophs: effects of antagonists of calmodulin and GnRH.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
2059661-0	1991	Evidence that interleukin-1 and phorbol esters activate NF-kappa B by different pathways: role of protein kinase C. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that affects expression of many genes, including immunoglobulin kappa (kappa), the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, and two genes in HIV-1.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	56-66
2059661-0	1991	Evidence that interleukin-1 and phorbol esters activate NF-kappa B by different pathways: role of protein kinase C. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a ubiquitous transcription factor that affects expression of many genes, including immunoglobulin kappa (kappa), the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, and two genes in HIV-1.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	140-150
1709916-2	1991	It also inhibits human, porcine and murine T- and B-lymphocyte activation by all pathways tested, including pathways which are insensitive to FK-506, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2)-mediated proliferation of IL-2-dependent T-cell lines, activation of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes by phorbol ester and anti-CD28 and activation of murine B lymphocytes by bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	288-301	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	158-171
1706262-6	1991	Cells cultured with the thyroid mitogens epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester release additional glycosylated IGFBPs of 40-44 kDa.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2	Rattus norvegicus	115-121
1706262-10	1991	However, IGFBP-3 mRNA was detectable only in epidermal growth factor- or phorbol ester-treated cells and appeared within 4 h, preceding the release of IGFBP-3 protein into the medium.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3	Ovis aries	9-16
2010090-6	1991	The immature CEM T cell line expresses relatively low levels of TCF-1 alpha mRNA, which are increased upon activation of these cells by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1	Homo sapiens	64-75
1709916-2	1991	It also inhibits human, porcine and murine T- and B-lymphocyte activation by all pathways tested, including pathways which are insensitive to FK-506, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2)-mediated proliferation of IL-2-dependent T-cell lines, activation of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes by phorbol ester and anti-CD28 and activation of murine B lymphocytes by bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	288-301	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	173-177
1825843-8	1991	We compared the sensitivities of Ca2(+)- and phorbol ester-induced release of noradrenaline to the protein kinase inhibitors H-7 and polymyxin B and to antibodies raised against synaptic protein kinase C substrate B-50.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	solute carrier family 9 member A2	Rattus norvegicus	125-144
1849144-0	1991	Serum amyloid A (SAA3) produced by rabbit synovial fibroblasts treated with phorbol esters or interleukin 1 induces synthesis of collagenase and is neutralized with specific antiserum.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	serum amyloid A-3 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	0-15
1849144-0	1991	Serum amyloid A (SAA3) produced by rabbit synovial fibroblasts treated with phorbol esters or interleukin 1 induces synthesis of collagenase and is neutralized with specific antiserum.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	serum amyloid A-3 protein	Oryctolagus cuniculus	17-21
1709940-3	1991	The PDGF A- and B-chain genes are both transcribed in human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells and their expression is regulated by cytokines, growth factors, endotoxin, and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	platelet derived growth factor subunit A	Homo sapiens	4-10
2045425-2	1991	Experiments with an adenocarcinoma-derived cell line (HeLa) reveal that activation of the transfected human IL-6 promoter occurs largely through two partially overlapping second messenger (cAMP, phorbol ester)- and cytokine (IL-1, TNF, serum)-responsive enhancer elements (MRE 1, -173 to -151 and MRE II, -158 to -145).	Phorbol Esters	195-208	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	108-112
2002344-0	1991	Stimulation of phospholipase D activity in human neuroblastoma (LA-N-2) cells by activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors or by phorbol esters: relationship to phosphoinositide turnover.	Phorbol Esters	136-150	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	15-30
1656239-3	1991	Mitogenic agents, such as basic fibroblast growth factor and phorbol esters, were found to cause significant decreases in VDR abundance, while substantially stimulating proliferation of NIH-3T3 cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Mus musculus	122-125
1656239-4	1991	Potent phorbol esters, such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, whose biological actions have been shown to be mediated through the activation of protein kinase-C, down-regulated VDR in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	7-21	vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Mus musculus	208-211
1656239-6	1991	Desensitization of protein kinase-C by prolonged exposure of cells to phorbol esters eliminated the PMA-mediated down-regulation of VDR.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Mus musculus	132-135
1848664-0	1991	Regulation of pp90rsk phosphorylation and S6 phosphotransferase activity in Swiss 3T3 cells by growth factor-, phorbol ester-, and cyclic AMP-mediated signal transduction.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	ribosomal protein S6 kinase, polypeptide 2	Mus musculus	14-21
19912794-9	1991	In support of this role, the phorbol ester TPA was shown to induce NGF mRNA in L929 cells by Northern analysis.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	nerve growth factor	Mus musculus	67-70
1848664-2	1991	Here we examine alterations in pp90rsk phosphorylation and S6 phosphotransferase activity in response to regulators of multiple signal transduction systems: purified growth factors, phorbol ester, changes in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, and sodium vanadate.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	ribosomal protein S6 kinase, polypeptide 2	Mus musculus	31-38
1922084-4	1991	We now report that a 313-basepair (bp) proximal element of the TGF alpha 5"-flanking region (-373 to -59 relative to the TGF alpha translation start codon) is capable of conferring responses to phorbol ester and EGF.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	63-72
1922084-4	1991	We now report that a 313-basepair (bp) proximal element of the TGF alpha 5"-flanking region (-373 to -59 relative to the TGF alpha translation start codon) is capable of conferring responses to phorbol ester and EGF.	Phorbol Esters	194-207	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	121-130
1900839-8	1991	Treatment of U937 cells with inhibitors of protein kinase C including staurosporine 10 nM and H-7 50 microM, or down-regulation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester pretreatment blocks the induction of c-jun by GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	202-207
2014542-7	1991	Verapamil or cyclosporine alone inhibited IL-2 production of PHA- and phorbol ester-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells--however, no additive effect was seen when the two drugs were both added to culture, probably because of the very potent inhibition by cyclosporine alone.	Phorbol Esters	70-83	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
2030912-0	1991	Proteolytic processing of a plasma membrane-bound precursor to human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) is accelerated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	69-105
2030912-0	1991	Proteolytic processing of a plasma membrane-bound precursor to human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) is accelerated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	132-145	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
2030912-2	1991	Incubation in the presence of phorbol ester resulted in rapid cleavage of the plasma membrane-bound precursor and release of soluble CSF-1.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	133-138
2030912-5	1991	Phorbol ester-accelerated processing of the cell surface CSF-1 precursor was abrogated by long-term exposure to phorbol, but was not inhibited by pretreatment with cycloheximide or incubation in serum-free medium.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
2030912-6	1991	These results suggest that the enhanced post-translational processing of the CSF-1 precursor resulted from activation of a pre-existing cellular protease via a mechanism involving phorbol ester-mediated stimulation of protein kinase C.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
1713165-8	1991	(2) The facilitatory effect of phorbol ester on 3,4-DAP-evoked NA release appears to be mediated not by changes in Ca2+ influx, but by enhancement of intraneuronal events distal to Na+ ion entry and increased intracellular Ca2+ availability.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	death-associated protein	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
1900839-8	1991	Treatment of U937 cells with inhibitors of protein kinase C including staurosporine 10 nM and H-7 50 microM, or down-regulation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester pretreatment blocks the induction of c-jun by GM-CSF.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	211-217
2005106-0	1991	Protein kinase C isozyme expression in phorbol ester-sensitive and -resistant EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	78-81
1848705-5	1991	The results also show that the tandemly linked genes for PDGF-BR and the macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor are coexpressed in the phorbol ester-differentiated myeloid cells.	Phorbol Esters	144-157	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	73-120
2005106-1	1991	To investigate whether differential protein kinase C isozyme expression in phorbol ester-sensitive and -resistant EL4 thymoma cells could account for the difference in phorbol ester responsiveness, we purified and characterized isozymes from the two cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	114-117
2005106-8	1991	Although protein kinase C-epsilon constitutes only a small portion of the total protein kinase C in sensitive cells, the possibility is raised that decreased protein kinase C-epsilon expression may contribute to the failure of resistant EL4 cells to respond to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	261-275	protein kinase C, epsilon	Mus musculus	158-182
2005106-8	1991	Although protein kinase C-epsilon constitutes only a small portion of the total protein kinase C in sensitive cells, the possibility is raised that decreased protein kinase C-epsilon expression may contribute to the failure of resistant EL4 cells to respond to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	261-275	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	237-240
2005114-1	1991	Cleavage of the membrane-anchored precursor for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), a rate-limiting step in the generation of soluble TGF-alpha, can be stimulated by phorbol esters acting via protein kinase C. In the present study, activators of other intracellular signaling pathways were tested for their ability to stimulate pro-TGF-alpha cleavage in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with a pro-TGF-alpha cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protransforming growth factor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	48-80
2005114-1	1991	Cleavage of the membrane-anchored precursor for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), a rate-limiting step in the generation of soluble TGF-alpha, can be stimulated by phorbol esters acting via protein kinase C. In the present study, activators of other intracellular signaling pathways were tested for their ability to stimulate pro-TGF-alpha cleavage in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with a pro-TGF-alpha cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protransforming growth factor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	82-91
2005114-1	1991	Cleavage of the membrane-anchored precursor for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), a rate-limiting step in the generation of soluble TGF-alpha, can be stimulated by phorbol esters acting via protein kinase C. In the present study, activators of other intracellular signaling pathways were tested for their ability to stimulate pro-TGF-alpha cleavage in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with a pro-TGF-alpha cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protransforming growth factor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	144-153
2005114-1	1991	Cleavage of the membrane-anchored precursor for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), a rate-limiting step in the generation of soluble TGF-alpha, can be stimulated by phorbol esters acting via protein kinase C. In the present study, activators of other intracellular signaling pathways were tested for their ability to stimulate pro-TGF-alpha cleavage in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with a pro-TGF-alpha cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protransforming growth factor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	144-153
2005114-1	1991	Cleavage of the membrane-anchored precursor for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), a rate-limiting step in the generation of soluble TGF-alpha, can be stimulated by phorbol esters acting via protein kinase C. In the present study, activators of other intracellular signaling pathways were tested for their ability to stimulate pro-TGF-alpha cleavage in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with a pro-TGF-alpha cDNA.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: protransforming growth factor alpha	Cricetulus griseus	144-153
1650519-4	1991	In contrast, staurosporine was a potent inhibitor of both phorbol ester induced p47 phosphorylation in platelet (I50 value = 540 nM) and also CD3 and CD4 down-regulation in T cells (I50 values 200 nM and 50 nM respectively).	Phorbol Esters	58-71	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	80-83
1900458-1	1991	Transcription factor AP-1 is inducible by phorbol esters and thus could be considered to be one final target of the protein kinase C signal transduction pathway.	Phorbol Esters	42-56	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	0-25
1654774-2	1991	Periodate, at micromolar concentrations, modified the regulatory domain of PKC as determined by the loss of ability to stimulate kinase activity by Ca2+/phospholipid, and also by the loss of phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	75-78
1654774-9	1991	In the presence of phosphatidylserine, the catalytic site was selectively modified by periodate, resulting in formation of a form of PKC that exhibited phorbol ester binding but not kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	152-165	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	133-136
1846782-0	1991	Regulation of Fc gamma receptor subtype expression on a human eosinophilic leukemia cell line EoL-3: participation of cAMP and protein kinase C in the effects of interferon-gamma and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide	Homo sapiens	118-122
1896645-2	1991	We report here that the phenotypic differentiation of monocyte cell lines induced by phorbol esters or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is associated with expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B).	Phorbol Esters	85-99	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	177-199
1904341-6	1991	(1) Pretreatment of the labeled sphincter with the phorbol ester, PDBu (100 nM) inhibited ET1-stimulated IP3 formation, but it potentiated ET1-stimulated AA release.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	90-93
2009913-0	1991	Phorbol ester responsiveness of murine Ly-1-lineage B cells from normal and viable motheaten mutant mice.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	39-43
2009913-5	1991	These results suggest that responsiveness to phorbol ester, acting alone, is characteristic of murine Ly-1-lineage B cells regardless of tissue of origin; however, a role for environmental influences has not been completely ruled out.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	CD5 antigen	Mus musculus	102-106
1886882-6	1991	The transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D (Act D) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), mimicked the actions of EGF and TGF-alpha.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	152-161
1707180-3	1991	Upon stimulation with lectin and phorbol ester TcR gamma delta + lymphocytes expressed the same set of lymphokine genes as the TcR alpha beta + lymphocytes expressed the same set of lymphokine genes as the TcR alpha beta + lymphocytes, which included IL-2, -3, -4, -5, GM-CSF, TNF alpha and beta, IFN gamma.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	47-50
1825297-0	1991	Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells enhances attachment to fibronectin and distinctly modulates the alpha 5 beta 1 and alpha 4 beta 1 fibronectin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	75-86
1825297-0	1991	Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of U937 cells enhances attachment to fibronectin and distinctly modulates the alpha 5 beta 1 and alpha 4 beta 1 fibronectin receptors.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	150-161
1896645-2	1991	We report here that the phenotypic differentiation of monocyte cell lines induced by phorbol esters or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is associated with expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B).	Phorbol Esters	85-99	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	201-211
1896645-4	1991	Also, in a promonocyte cell line chronically infected with HIV, NF-kappa B expression and HIV transcription were enhanced on stimulation with phorbol ester or TNF alpha.	Phorbol Esters	142-155	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	64-74
1847391-0	1991	Cyclic AMP- and phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation are mediated by the same enhancer element in the human vasoactive intestinal peptide gene.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	120-149
1900155-4	1991	Instead, stimulation through the sIg antigen receptor, or with phorbol ester containing regimens, rapidly induced expression of the related jun-B.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	140-145
1705899-3	1991	This inhibitor selectively blocks the mRNA expression of the proto-oncogene c-myc in response to the phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	61-81
1847391-1	1991	Transcription of the human vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene is regulated by both cyclic AMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	27-56
1708123-2	1991	JunB expression is modulated by a wide variety of extracellular stimuli, such as serum, growth factors, phorbol esters (TPA) and activators of protein kinase A (PKA).	Phorbol Esters	104-118	jun B proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	0-4
1847391-1	1991	Transcription of the human vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) gene is regulated by both cyclic AMP and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	58-61
1847391-2	1991	A 17-nucleotide enhancer element within the human VIP gene mediates transcriptional activation by both phorbol esters and forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	103-117	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	50-53
1900475-3	1991	In contrast, the phorbol ester markedly diminished stimulation of GTPase by agents whose receptors are coupled to Gi such as epinephrine (alpha-adrenergic action), platelet activating factor or thrombin.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	194-202
1848190-0	1991	Phorbol-ester-induced phosphorylation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor decreases its coupling to Gs.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	45-71
1848190-3	1991	Mutation of the serine-261, -262, -344 and -345 of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor prevented the phorbol-ester-induced phosphorylation of the receptor.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	55-81
1848190-4	1991	This mutation also abolished the phorbol-ester-induced decrease in high-affinity agonist binding and potency of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	adrenoceptor beta 2	Homo sapiens	116-142
1847657-0	1991	Synergistic inhibition of phorbol ester-induced transformation of JB6 cells by transforming growth factor-beta and retinoic acid.	Phorbol Esters	26-39	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	79-110
1846746-4	1991	Sphingosine, a long-chain amine that inhibits PKC, blocked both the binding of phorbol esters to monocytes and the synthesis of PAF in response to PMA (half-maximal inhibition at 5 to 10 microM and complete inhibition at 10 to 30 microM sphingosine).	Phorbol Esters	79-93	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	46-49
1846746-5	1991	Thus, the activation of PKC was necessary and sufficient for PAF synthesis in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	24-27
1846746-5	1991	Thus, the activation of PKC was necessary and sufficient for PAF synthesis in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	61-64
1671352-4	1991	Similarly the CD4 cytoplasmic domain alone was shown to encode the specificity for binding to the p56lck tyrosine kinase and to control down-modulation of CD4 after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	14-17
1872919-3	1991	Both probucol and D-alpha-tocopherol inhibit the phorbol ester-induced release of IL-1 beta without altering differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	82-91
1826618-0	1991	Effect of phorbol ester on the release of atrial natriuretic peptide from the hypertrophied rat myocardium.	Phorbol Esters	10-23	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	42-68
1826618-15	1991	Our present results indicate that the phorbol ester TPA increases the release of ANP from the hypertrophied, but not from normal rat myocardium.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	81-84
1824933-3	1991	Activation of protein kinase-C with a phorbol ester rapidly induces secretion of ir-beta-endorphin by T-cells as well as by the non-T cell fraction.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	84-98
1671352-4	1991	Similarly the CD4 cytoplasmic domain alone was shown to encode the specificity for binding to the p56lck tyrosine kinase and to control down-modulation of CD4 after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	98-104
1671352-4	1991	Similarly the CD4 cytoplasmic domain alone was shown to encode the specificity for binding to the p56lck tyrosine kinase and to control down-modulation of CD4 after treatment with phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	155-158
2032553-0	1991	Phorbol ester induces transient focal concentrations of functional, newly expressed CR3 in neutrophils at sites of specific granule exocytosis.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 pseudogene 3	Homo sapiens	84-87
1846589-9	1991	These results indicate that phorbol ester inhibits the cellular action of AVP mediated through the activation of protein kinase-C and suggest that there is an interaction between cAMP and phosphatidylinositol systems in modulating the AVP action in renal papillary collecting tubule cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	74-77
1846589-9	1991	These results indicate that phorbol ester inhibits the cellular action of AVP mediated through the activation of protein kinase-C and suggest that there is an interaction between cAMP and phosphatidylinositol systems in modulating the AVP action in renal papillary collecting tubule cells.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	235-238
1999229-0	1991	Beta 1 integrin-mediated lymphocyte adherence to extracellular matrix is enhanced by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	integrin subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-15
1846589-0	1991	Inhibition by phorbol ester of cellular adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate production and cellular free calcium mobilization in response to arginine vasopressin in rat renal papillary collecting tubule cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	14-27	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	144-155
1846589-1	1991	We determined whether tumor-promoting factor phorbol ester modulates cellular cAMP production and the cellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to arginine vasopressin (AVP) in rat renal papillary collecting tubule cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	172-183
1846589-1	1991	We determined whether tumor-promoting factor phorbol ester modulates cellular cAMP production and the cellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to arginine vasopressin (AVP) in rat renal papillary collecting tubule cells in culture.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
1988296-2	1991	In this study, we have examined expression of mRNA for these proteins, including the major 70-kDa heat shock protein, HSP70, in mononuclear cells following either heat shock or mitogenic activation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), ionomycin, and the phorbol ester, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate.	Phorbol Esters	248-261	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	118-123
1671533-2	1991	Previously, we identified the C terminus of the gamma chain of fibrinogen as the region of the fibrinogen molecule that contains a ligand for CD11b/CD18 (complement receptor 3) on phorbol ester-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	63-73
1903142-0	1991	Upregulation of interferon-gamma binding by tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin: disparate potencies of the cytokines and modulation of their effects by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	155-168	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	16-32
1903142-0	1991	Upregulation of interferon-gamma binding by tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin: disparate potencies of the cytokines and modulation of their effects by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	155-168	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	44-65
1899904-0	1991	Stimulation of prostaglandin H synthase mRNA levels and prostaglandin biosynthesis by phorbol ester: mediation by protein kinase C. We have investigated the mechanisms by which the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) stimulates prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) formation in the rat tracheal epithelial cell line EGV-6aigT, which can be grown in serum-free medium.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	pterin-4 alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-39
1703181-4	1991	The induction of c-myc mRNA by anti-IgM or anti-CD20 is blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) such as staurosporine and by pretreatment of B cells with phorbol esters to reduce cellular PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	162-176	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	17-22
1703181-4	1991	The induction of c-myc mRNA by anti-IgM or anti-CD20 is blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) such as staurosporine and by pretreatment of B cells with phorbol esters to reduce cellular PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	162-176	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	48-52
1703181-4	1991	The induction of c-myc mRNA by anti-IgM or anti-CD20 is blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) such as staurosporine and by pretreatment of B cells with phorbol esters to reduce cellular PKC levels.	Phorbol Esters	162-176	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	196-199
1671533-2	1991	Previously, we identified the C terminus of the gamma chain of fibrinogen as the region of the fibrinogen molecule that contains a ligand for CD11b/CD18 (complement receptor 3) on phorbol ester-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	95-105
1671533-2	1991	Previously, we identified the C terminus of the gamma chain of fibrinogen as the region of the fibrinogen molecule that contains a ligand for CD11b/CD18 (complement receptor 3) on phorbol ester-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	integrin subunit alpha M	Homo sapiens	142-147
1671533-2	1991	Previously, we identified the C terminus of the gamma chain of fibrinogen as the region of the fibrinogen molecule that contains a ligand for CD11b/CD18 (complement receptor 3) on phorbol ester-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	148-152
1703790-4	1991	At 30 degrees C Ca2(+)-stimulated secretion was also enhanced by cAMP and phorbol ester (TPA) to similar extents as by GTP[gamma S].	Phorbol Esters	74-87	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	89-92
1985972-4	1991	The study of EGF binding to only low affinity receptors was performed with cells pretreated with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which induces a conversion of high affinity receptors to low affinity receptors.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	13-16
1988454-0	1991	Activation of messenger-independent protein kinases in wild-type and phorbol ester-resistant EL4 thymoma cells.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	93-96
1988454-2	1991	In this study, we used the EL4 thymoma cell line to study the potential role of "downstream" protein serine/threonine kinases in cellular responses to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	151-165	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	27-30
1988454-3	1991	In wild-type EL4 cells, addition of phorbol ester caused a rapid activation of kinase activity toward RRLSSLRA (S6P).	Phorbol Esters	36-49	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	13-16
1988454-5	1991	Activation of a myelin basic protein (MBP) kinase was also seen in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	myelin basic protein	Mus musculus	16-36
1988454-5	1991	Activation of a myelin basic protein (MBP) kinase was also seen in response to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	myelin basic protein	Mus musculus	38-41
1702436-6	1991	The accumulation of c-fos mRNA by stretching was suppressed by protein kinase C inhibitors at the transcriptional level and inhibited markedly by down-regulation of protein kinase C. Moreover, myocyte stretching increased inositol phosphate levels, and activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters stimulated the expression of c-fos and skeletal alpha-actin genes.	Phorbol Esters	287-301	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	20-25
1988955-0	1991	Overexpression of protein kinase C beta 1 enhances phospholipase D activity and diacylglycerol formation in phorbol ester-stimulated rat fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	108-121	protein kinase C, beta	Rattus norvegicus	18-41
1703413-9	1991	Similarly, staurosporine, a relatively selective inhibitor of protein kinase C, and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) an activator of this enzyme, both have pronounced effects on IgE-mediated histamine release from SMC but were completely inactive with regard to [DArg0-Hyp3-DPhe7]-bradykinin-stimulated release.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	310-320
1985780-0	1991	Tumor-promoting phorbol ester and activated Ha-ras synergistically reduce the interleukin 3 requirement in a mast cell line.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	78-91
1703295-6	1991	We observed that activation of NK cells with an anti-Fc gamma RIII monoclonal antibody induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the zeta chain whereas other activating stimuli, such as the combination of phorbol ester and ionomycin or a lymphokine, interleukin 2, did not result in phosphorylation of this protein.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	53-66
1999239-2	1991	After treatment with phorbol esters, THP-1 cells differentiate into macrophage-like cells which mimic native monocyte-derived macrophages in several respects.	Phorbol Esters	21-35	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	37-42
1985891-7	1991	Phosphorylation induced by thrombin and histamine occurred within 1 min, peaked between 5 and 10 min, and returned to control levels by 1 h. DiC8-induced phosphorylation occurred more slowly but was also reduced by 1 h while phorbol ester treatment prolonged phosphorylation for at least 4 h. Treatment of these cells with thrombin or histamine for 1 h desensitized P29 to further phosphorylation by the homologous agonist although secondary phosphorylation could occur with heterologous compounds.	Phorbol Esters	225-238	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	27-35
1824695-11	1991	Neurogranin was shown to be phosphorylated in hippocampal slices incubated with 32Pi and phorbol esters stimulated neurogranin phosphorylation, suggesting that neurogranin is likely to be an in vivo substrate for PKC.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	neurogranin	Bos taurus	115-126
1824695-11	1991	Neurogranin was shown to be phosphorylated in hippocampal slices incubated with 32Pi and phorbol esters stimulated neurogranin phosphorylation, suggesting that neurogranin is likely to be an in vivo substrate for PKC.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	neurogranin	Bos taurus	160-171
1824695-11	1991	Neurogranin was shown to be phosphorylated in hippocampal slices incubated with 32Pi and phorbol esters stimulated neurogranin phosphorylation, suggesting that neurogranin is likely to be an in vivo substrate for PKC.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	neurogranin	Bos taurus	0-11
1950764-8	1991	In contrast, activation with phorbol ester resulted in a decrease in IL-7R expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-42	interleukin 7 receptor	Homo sapiens	69-74
1877391-1	1991	Recent molecular cloning and biochemical experiments on the nature of protein kinase C (PKC) have revealed the existence of two distinct classes of phorbol ester (and diacylglycerol) receptor/protein kinase, conventional PKC (cPKC) and novel PKC (nPKC).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	88-91
1877391-1	1991	Recent molecular cloning and biochemical experiments on the nature of protein kinase C (PKC) have revealed the existence of two distinct classes of phorbol ester (and diacylglycerol) receptor/protein kinase, conventional PKC (cPKC) and novel PKC (nPKC).	Phorbol Esters	148-161	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	221-224
1877391-3	1991	Although nPKC does not show the typical PKC activity ascribable to conventional PKCs and thus was neglected in earlier studies, several lines of evidence suggest that nPKCs are involved in a variety of cell responses to physiological stimuli and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	246-260	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	10-13
1877391-4	1991	It is possible that in some cases nPKC is the major mediator of the so-called PKC-activators, such as phorbol esters, mezerein, and bryostatins.	Phorbol Esters	102-116	protein kinase C gamma	Homo sapiens	35-38
1702929-8	1991	Treatment of cultured human keratinocytes with phorbol ester (which experimentally produces psoriasiform changes on mouse skin) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha also increased interleukin-8 and transforming growth factor-alpha mRNAs.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 15	Mus musculus	174-224
1821658-2	1991	The cloning and characterization of transcription factors has revealed that these factors coordinately regulate the transcription of specific genetic programs; for example, a number of phorbol ester-induced genes are activated by binding of the transcription factors Fos and Jun to specific DNA sequences.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	267-270
1819225-7	1991	The promoter region of the chromogranin A gene possesses numerous consensus transcriptional control elements (TATA box, cyclic AMP responsive element, SP1 site, phorbol ester regulatory element, oestrogen regulatory element,...), showing the complexity of the mechanisms regulating the expression of this gene, which is tissue- and neuroendocrine cell-specific.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	chromogranin A	Homo sapiens	27-41
1712552-3	1991	HILDA/LIF mRNA accumulation was weakly induced by stimuli such as LPS or phorbol ester alone, and in a synergistic manner when they were used in combination with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	0-5
1712552-3	1991	HILDA/LIF mRNA accumulation was weakly induced by stimuli such as LPS or phorbol ester alone, and in a synergistic manner when they were used in combination with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	6-9
1712552-5	1991	Posttranscriptional control of HILDLA/LIF mRNA levels by an increase in mRNA half-life was demonstrated in the synergy between phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and in the superinduction of HILDA/LIF transcript accumulation when CHX was added to stimulated cells shortly before cell harvesting.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	38-41
1712552-5	1991	Posttranscriptional control of HILDLA/LIF mRNA levels by an increase in mRNA half-life was demonstrated in the synergy between phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and in the superinduction of HILDA/LIF transcript accumulation when CHX was added to stimulated cells shortly before cell harvesting.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	199-204
1712552-5	1991	Posttranscriptional control of HILDLA/LIF mRNA levels by an increase in mRNA half-life was demonstrated in the synergy between phorbol ester and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and in the superinduction of HILDA/LIF transcript accumulation when CHX was added to stimulated cells shortly before cell harvesting.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	205-208
1712552-10	1991	These studies indicate that HILDA/LIF gene expression by phorbol ester- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated human monocytes has a relatively specific regulation, as compared to G-CSF gene expression, and that it is largely dependent on posttranscriptional mechanisms probably acting through labile, newly synthesized proteins.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	28-33
1712552-10	1991	These studies indicate that HILDA/LIF gene expression by phorbol ester- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated human monocytes has a relatively specific regulation, as compared to G-CSF gene expression, and that it is largely dependent on posttranscriptional mechanisms probably acting through labile, newly synthesized proteins.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	34-37
1850068-0	1991	Coordinate and differential regulation of proenkephalin A and PNMT mRNA expression in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells: responses to cAMP elevation and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	42-57
2036090-3	1991	Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) (a tumor-promoting phorbol ester) inhibited the positive inotropic effect of endothelin-1, as well as myocardial alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation at low concentrations (10(-9) mol/l and above) without (10(-8) mol/l) or less (10(-7) mol/l) affecting the basal force of contraction, and the positive inotropic effect of beta-adrenoceptor stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	109-121
1654028-4	1991	When phorbol ester (PDB) or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was supplemented to cultures being exposed to psychosine, the total number of live cells, protein content and CNPase activity dramatically increased as compared with the levels in cultures treated with psychosine alone.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase	Rattus norvegicus	163-169
1850068-0	1991	Coordinate and differential regulation of proenkephalin A and PNMT mRNA expression in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells: responses to cAMP elevation and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Bos taurus	62-66
1850068-1	1991	The expression of proenkephalin A (ProEnk A) mRNA and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) mRNA in response to cAMP analogues, forskolin and phorbol esters was examined in cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	150-164	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	18-33
1850068-1	1991	The expression of proenkephalin A (ProEnk A) mRNA and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) mRNA in response to cAMP analogues, forskolin and phorbol esters was examined in cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.	Phorbol Esters	150-164	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	35-43
1850068-3	1991	Cells exposed to the tumor promoting phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or 4-beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate) for 12 h differentially activated PNMT mRNA and ProEnk A mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Bos taurus	182-186
1850068-3	1991	Cells exposed to the tumor promoting phorbol esters (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate or 4-beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate) for 12 h differentially activated PNMT mRNA and ProEnk A mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	37-51	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	196-204
1850068-4	1991	The levels of PNMT mRNA were dramatically elevated in response to low concentrations (10(-9) to 10(-8)M) of these phorbol esters, but these increases were diminished at higher concentrations (10(-7) to 10(-6) M) of the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Bos taurus	14-18
1850068-4	1991	The levels of PNMT mRNA were dramatically elevated in response to low concentrations (10(-9) to 10(-8)M) of these phorbol esters, but these increases were diminished at higher concentrations (10(-7) to 10(-6) M) of the phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	219-233	phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Bos taurus	14-18
1850068-7	1991	By contrast, the expression of ProEnk A mRNA was activated by the tumor promoting phorbol esters in a concentration-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	82-96	proenkephalin	Bos taurus	31-39
1838487-2	1991	Stimulation of cells with phorbol esters or other activators of PKC has been shown previously to result in rapid phosphorylation of MARCKS proteins and redistribution of these myristylated C-kinase substrates from membrane to cytosol.	Phorbol Esters	26-40	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Mus musculus	132-138
1988078-12	1991	These data demonstrate reversible inhibition of phorbol ester-induced PKC activation by the liver tumor promoter, PB, and suggest that PB alters a component of the PKC-signaling pathway other than the expression of PKC isozymes.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
1988110-2	1991	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) can enhance this proliferation, partly because of an increase in interleukin 2 (IL-2) production.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	143-156
1988110-2	1991	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) can enhance this proliferation, partly because of an increase in interleukin 2 (IL-2) production.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	158-162
1988078-0	1991	Reversible and phorbol ester-specific defect of protein kinase C translocation in hepatocytes isolated from phenobarbital-treated rats.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	48-64
1988078-1	1991	Phorbol ester-induced translocation of the calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C (PKC), from soluble to particulate cell fractions was inhibited in primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from rats chronically exposed to the liver tumor promoter phenobarbital (PB).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	90-106
1988078-1	1991	Phorbol ester-induced translocation of the calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C (PKC), from soluble to particulate cell fractions was inhibited in primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from rats chronically exposed to the liver tumor promoter phenobarbital (PB).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
2007096-0	1991	Protein kinase C gamma expression mimics phorbol ester-induced transcriptional activation of a murine VL30 enhancer element.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	RIKEN cDNA A130040M12 gene	Mus musculus	102-106
2007096-3	1991	In this report, we show that transient expression of the PKC gamma isoenzyme can trans-activate a murine VL30 enhancer element in a pattern similar to that of the phorbol ester tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	protein kinase C, gamma	Mus musculus	57-66
1848774-0	1991	Downstream sequences mediate induction of the mouse cathepsin L promoter by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	cathepsin L	Mus musculus	52-63
2007096-5	1991	These results provide direct evidence that PKC is the cellular mediator in the activation of phorbol ester-responsive genes and suggest a mechanism by which abnormal PKC expression might lead to altered growth control by changing the pattern of cellular gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C, gamma	Mus musculus	43-46
2007096-5	1991	These results provide direct evidence that PKC is the cellular mediator in the activation of phorbol ester-responsive genes and suggest a mechanism by which abnormal PKC expression might lead to altered growth control by changing the pattern of cellular gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	protein kinase C, gamma	Mus musculus	166-169
1833955-8	1991	However, upon stimulation of PKC with phorbol esters, some alterations of B-50 phosphorylation were revealed in cultures grown in TTX.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	74-78
1906395-7	1991	Accordingly, TGF-beta 1 gene expression is induced strongly by phorbol esters whereas that of TGF-beta 2 and 3 is induced by forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	13-23
1652433-12	1991	While the mechanism of TGF beta action is not clear, A-II probably is acting through protein kinase C. Indeed the protein kinase C activating phorbol ester, TPA, mimicked the inhibitory effects of A-II on 3 beta HSD and P450(17 alpha).	Phorbol Esters	142-155	3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase	Bos taurus	205-215
1989895-2	1991	Previously, the human megakaryocytic Dami cell line has been shown to differentiate in response to phorbol ester by increasing the expression of platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib, IIb/IIIa, and the platelet protein, von Willebrand Factor (vWF).	Phorbol Esters	99-112	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	217-238
1989895-2	1991	Previously, the human megakaryocytic Dami cell line has been shown to differentiate in response to phorbol ester by increasing the expression of platelet membrane glycoproteins Ib, IIb/IIIa, and the platelet protein, von Willebrand Factor (vWF).	Phorbol Esters	99-112	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	240-243
1649034-8	1991	Activation signals (e.g. phorbol esters) inhibit tumour cell growth by stimulating active TGF-beta production and inducing cell surface expression of TGF-beta receptors.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	90-98
1649034-8	1991	Activation signals (e.g. phorbol esters) inhibit tumour cell growth by stimulating active TGF-beta production and inducing cell surface expression of TGF-beta receptors.	Phorbol Esters	25-39	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	150-158
12106200-4	1991	Activators of protein kinase C, such as phorbol esters or diacylglycerol, also induce changes in potassium currents that appear, both in magnitude and kinetics, to be similar to those induced by antibodies against N-CAM.	Phorbol Esters	40-54	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	214-219
1955771-1	1991	In the present study, we demonstrate that the PKC-activating phorbol ester PMA selectively induced IgA synthesis by PP B cells.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	46-49
1833955-5	1991	Stimulation of B-50 phosphorylation by phorbol ester also decreased with age in vitro, indicating that changes in B-50 phosphorylation were mainly due to changes in protein kinase C (PKC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	15-19
1987353-3	1991	The rate of LTR-directed gene expression increased in response to treatment with either a phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha if either the NFAT-1 or NF kappa B binding sites were deleted, but failed to respond to these mitogenic stimuli if both sequences were absent.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	nuclear factor of activated T cells 2	Homo sapiens	149-155
1987353-3	1991	The rate of LTR-directed gene expression increased in response to treatment with either a phorbol ester or tumor necrosis factor alpha if either the NFAT-1 or NF kappa B binding sites were deleted, but failed to respond to these mitogenic stimuli if both sequences were absent.	Phorbol Esters	90-103	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	159-169
1992144-5	1991	One assay measured the ability of a retinoid to inhibit the phorbol ester induced increase of mouse epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	110-133
1725319-3	1991	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, i.e., phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu), inhibited selectively the positive inotropic effect of ET-1 at the concentration that it did not (10 nmol/L) or only slightly (10-20% at 100 nmol/L) reduced the basal force of contraction and the positive inotropic effect of Bay K 8644.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	endothelin-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	127-131
1725339-5	1991	Prepro-ET-1 mRNA was rapidly (15-30 min) induced by 0.5 microM TPA, one of the phorbol esters, but downregulated below baseline after 1 h. Our data show that MDCK cells constitutively secrete ET-1 and increase its production in response to TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	endothelin 1	Canis lupus familiaris	7-11
1725339-5	1991	Prepro-ET-1 mRNA was rapidly (15-30 min) induced by 0.5 microM TPA, one of the phorbol esters, but downregulated below baseline after 1 h. Our data show that MDCK cells constitutively secrete ET-1 and increase its production in response to TGF-beta.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	tissue-type plasminogen activator	Canis lupus familiaris	63-66
1845805-3	1991	In contrast, treatment with a combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, which is a strong inducer of IL-2R alpha-chain on T cells, does not induce the expression of the alpha-chain on LGL cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	111-122
1845805-3	1991	In contrast, treatment with a combination of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, which is a strong inducer of IL-2R alpha-chain on T cells, does not induce the expression of the alpha-chain on LGL cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	Fc gamma receptor and transporter	Homo sapiens	117-128
2010692-5	1991	Phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells stored more cholesteryl esters than human macrophages in response to 25-200 micrograms/ml of acetylated LDL.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	22-27
2010692-7	1991	Compared with macrophages, dividing THP-1 cells and phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells accumulated only 50% and 33% as much cholesteryl esters, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	74-79
1992144-5	1991	One assay measured the ability of a retinoid to inhibit the phorbol ester induced increase of mouse epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	135-138
2010692-8	1991	Furthermore, although platelets induced a 90% reduction in cholesterol synthesis in macrophages by day 5, cholesterol synthesis in THP-1 cells and phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells was inhibited less than 50% by platelets.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	169-174
2010692-10	1991	Therefore, we conclude that dividing THP-1 cells and phorbol ester-treated THP-1 cells are capable of forming foam cells in response to physiologic doses of both LDL and acetylated LDL, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	75-80
1992144-9	1991	Both of these retinoids had ID50 values (dose required for half-maximal inhibition of phorbol ester induced ODC activity) of about 0.3 nmol.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	108-111
1895755-4	1991	The TGF beta 1 effect was blocked by phorbol ester and partially blocked by the calmodulin antagonist W-7, but not by dexamethasone.	Phorbol Esters	37-50	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	4-14
1687822-7	1991	Gel shift assays with nuclear extracts from untreated and phorbol ester treated cells strongly suggest that a protein complex binds to this AP1 like sequence.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	140-143
1865754-3	1991	In addition, a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), inhibited the serum-induced ET-1 production and stimulated PGI2 synthesis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
27458673-2	1991	The present results show that stimulation of U-937 cells to macrophage differentiation by a phorbol ester or vitamin D3 induced a continuous high level expression of c-jun mRNA and protein.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	166-171
1671790-0	1991	The opposing effects of calmodulin, adenosine 5"-triphosphate, and pertussis toxin on phorbol ester induced inhibition of atrial natriuretic factor stimulated guanylate cyclase in SK-NEP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	24-34
1671790-0	1991	The opposing effects of calmodulin, adenosine 5"-triphosphate, and pertussis toxin on phorbol ester induced inhibition of atrial natriuretic factor stimulated guanylate cyclase in SK-NEP-1 cells.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	EMG1 N1-specific pseudouridine methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	183-188
1671790-1	1991	In the present study, we investigated the effects of calmodulin, adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) and pertussis toxin (PT) on phorbol ester (PMA) (a protein kinase C activator) induced inhibition of ANF-stimulated cyclic GMP formation in cells from the human renal cell line, SK-NEP-1.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	calmodulin 1	Homo sapiens	53-63
1671790-1	1991	In the present study, we investigated the effects of calmodulin, adenosine 5"-triphosphate (ATP) and pertussis toxin (PT) on phorbol ester (PMA) (a protein kinase C activator) induced inhibition of ANF-stimulated cyclic GMP formation in cells from the human renal cell line, SK-NEP-1.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	198-201
1986216-6	1991	The ability of phorbol esters to bind to and stimulate the kinase activity of PKC-L was revealed by introducing the cDNA into COS cells.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	protein kinase C eta	Homo sapiens	78-83
1749831-4	1991	In pituitary cell cultures, prolonged treatment with phorbol ester had no effect on IL-1-induced beta-endorphin release, but abolished the potentiating effects of IL-1 on vasopressin-induced beta-endorphin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	163-167
1705318-0	1991	Interleukin-3 and phorbol esters induce different patterns of immediate-early gene expression in an interleukin-3 dependent cell line.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	62-77
1705318-0	1991	Interleukin-3 and phorbol esters induce different patterns of immediate-early gene expression in an interleukin-3 dependent cell line.	Phorbol Esters	18-32	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	100-113
1899479-1	1991	The Fos and Jun proteins, which are components of the transcription factor AP1, associate through the interaction of their so-called leucine zipper domains and bind strongly and specifically to DNA at phorbol ester-responsive elements.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	4-7
1899479-1	1991	The Fos and Jun proteins, which are components of the transcription factor AP1, associate through the interaction of their so-called leucine zipper domains and bind strongly and specifically to DNA at phorbol ester-responsive elements.	Phorbol Esters	201-214	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	75-78
1899479-4	1991	This Fos-derived homodimer recognizes the consensus phorbol-ester responsive element specifically, in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	52-65	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	5-8
1749831-4	1991	In pituitary cell cultures, prolonged treatment with phorbol ester had no effect on IL-1-induced beta-endorphin release, but abolished the potentiating effects of IL-1 on vasopressin-induced beta-endorphin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	191-205
1850186-4	1991	Treatment of the A-T lymphoblastoid lines with phorbol ester caused changes in the pattern of the synthesis and quantity of BHRF1-related RNA transcripts.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	apoptosis regulator BHRF1	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	124-129
2124518-4	1990	Mutagenesis indicates that the sequence 5"-TGGGTCA-3", containing the half-palindromic ERE, is responsible for induction by phorbol esters of the ovalbumin promoter and is a target for c-fos and c-jun trans-activation.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	185-190
2268359-1	1990	Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been shown to potentiate the release of beta-endorphin induced by secretagogues, including corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and phorbol ester (TPA), in the mouse AtT-20 pituitary tumor cell line (Fagarasan et al., PNAS, 1989, 86, 2070-2073).	Phorbol Esters	157-170	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	0-13
2268359-1	1990	Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been shown to potentiate the release of beta-endorphin induced by secretagogues, including corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and phorbol ester (TPA), in the mouse AtT-20 pituitary tumor cell line (Fagarasan et al., PNAS, 1989, 86, 2070-2073).	Phorbol Esters	157-170	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	15-19
2124518-4	1990	Mutagenesis indicates that the sequence 5"-TGGGTCA-3", containing the half-palindromic ERE, is responsible for induction by phorbol esters of the ovalbumin promoter and is a target for c-fos and c-jun trans-activation.	Phorbol Esters	124-138	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	195-200
2268359-1	1990	Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been shown to potentiate the release of beta-endorphin induced by secretagogues, including corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and phorbol ester (TPA), in the mouse AtT-20 pituitary tumor cell line (Fagarasan et al., PNAS, 1989, 86, 2070-2073).	Phorbol Esters	157-170	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	65-79
2148319-4	1990	Treatment of THP-1 cells with phorbol ester followed by prostaglandin E2 and dexamethasone resulted in the expression of approximately 30,000 receptors/cell.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	13-18
2266135-7	1990	nPKC eta expressed in COS cells shows phorbol ester binding activity with a similar affinity to nPKC epsilon.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	protein kinase C, eta	Mus musculus	0-8
2268301-5	1990	This region of PKC has been implicated in the binding of diacylglycerol and phorbol esters in a phospholipid-dependent fashion.	Phorbol Esters	76-90	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	15-18
2266115-9	1990	Cells, PKC-depleted by chronical phorbol ester treatment, responded to IL-3 or IL-4 with a significant increase in [3H] thymidine uptake over PKC containing cells stimulated with the same lymphokine.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	71-75
2266115-9	1990	Cells, PKC-depleted by chronical phorbol ester treatment, responded to IL-3 or IL-4 with a significant increase in [3H] thymidine uptake over PKC containing cells stimulated with the same lymphokine.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	79-83
1701436-3	1990	Both phorbol esters and cAMP elevating compounds have been shown to modulate PAI-1 and tPA expression in endothelial cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
1701436-3	1990	Both phorbol esters and cAMP elevating compounds have been shown to modulate PAI-1 and tPA expression in endothelial cell culture.	Phorbol Esters	5-19	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	87-90
1701436-5	1990	We have reported that removal of HBGF-1 from human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) media results in an approximately 5-fold increase in PAI-1 mRNA levels and in PAI-1 protein secreted into the media by 20 h. Here we report the effects of HBGF-1 on the phorbol ester and cAMP modulation of HUVEC PAI-1 expression.	Phorbol Esters	260-273	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	33-39
1701436-6	1990	The phorbol ester PMA induced an approximate 5-fold increase in PAI-1 mRNA levels at 4 h, which returned to base line by 20 h, with or without HBGF-1 present in the media.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
2125269-7	1990	These results indicate that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is encoded by a unique gene whose expression is regulable by cAMP and by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	129-142	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	28-55
2268301-10	1990	This finding has wide implications for previous studies equating phorbol ester binding with the presence of PKC in the brain.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	108-111
2265712-0	1990	Surface membrane CD4 turnover in phorbol ester stimulated T-lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	17-20
2174893-1	1990	Previous studies have demonstrated that expression of the c-jun proto-oncogene is induced by phorbol esters and other agents that activate protein kinase C. The present work has examined the involvement of cAMP-dependent signaling mechanisms in the regulation of c-jun gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	58-63
2174893-11	1990	Since heterodimers of the Jun and Fos proteins have been shown to bind to the phorbol ester-responsive element (AP-1-binding site), the present findings indicate that cAMP-induced signaling events may also regulate gene transcription through formation of Fos/Jun heterodimers and that interaction between phorbol ester- and cAMP-dependent pathways could occur through induction of the c-jun gene in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	34-37
2174893-11	1990	Since heterodimers of the Jun and Fos proteins have been shown to bind to the phorbol ester-responsive element (AP-1-binding site), the present findings indicate that cAMP-induced signaling events may also regulate gene transcription through formation of Fos/Jun heterodimers and that interaction between phorbol ester- and cAMP-dependent pathways could occur through induction of the c-jun gene in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	255-258
2174893-11	1990	Since heterodimers of the Jun and Fos proteins have been shown to bind to the phorbol ester-responsive element (AP-1-binding site), the present findings indicate that cAMP-induced signaling events may also regulate gene transcription through formation of Fos/Jun heterodimers and that interaction between phorbol ester- and cAMP-dependent pathways could occur through induction of the c-jun gene in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	385-390
2174893-11	1990	Since heterodimers of the Jun and Fos proteins have been shown to bind to the phorbol ester-responsive element (AP-1-binding site), the present findings indicate that cAMP-induced signaling events may also regulate gene transcription through formation of Fos/Jun heterodimers and that interaction between phorbol ester- and cAMP-dependent pathways could occur through induction of the c-jun gene in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	305-318	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	34-37
2174893-11	1990	Since heterodimers of the Jun and Fos proteins have been shown to bind to the phorbol ester-responsive element (AP-1-binding site), the present findings indicate that cAMP-induced signaling events may also regulate gene transcription through formation of Fos/Jun heterodimers and that interaction between phorbol ester- and cAMP-dependent pathways could occur through induction of the c-jun gene in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	305-318	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	255-258
2174893-11	1990	Since heterodimers of the Jun and Fos proteins have been shown to bind to the phorbol ester-responsive element (AP-1-binding site), the present findings indicate that cAMP-induced signaling events may also regulate gene transcription through formation of Fos/Jun heterodimers and that interaction between phorbol ester- and cAMP-dependent pathways could occur through induction of the c-jun gene in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	305-318	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	385-390
1702323-0	1990	Phorbol ester-treated human acute myeloid leukemia cells secrete G-CSF, GM-CSF and erythroid differentiation factor into serum-free media in primary culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	65-70
1702323-0	1990	Phorbol ester-treated human acute myeloid leukemia cells secrete G-CSF, GM-CSF and erythroid differentiation factor into serum-free media in primary culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	72-78
1702323-0	1990	Phorbol ester-treated human acute myeloid leukemia cells secrete G-CSF, GM-CSF and erythroid differentiation factor into serum-free media in primary culture.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	inhibin subunit beta A	Homo sapiens	83-115
2265712-2	1990	Down-regulation of surface membrane CD4 (smCD4) in phorbol ester stimulated T-cells resulted from internalization.	Phorbol Esters	51-64	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	36-39
2249989-9	1990	Actinomycin D completely blocked the rapid decrease in SP-A and SP-B mRNAs caused by the phorbol ester, consistent with the concept that the inhibitory effect of TPA on the surfactant protein mRNAs required continued gene transcription and was not mediated solely by changes in SP-A or SP-B transcription.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	55-59
2249989-9	1990	Actinomycin D completely blocked the rapid decrease in SP-A and SP-B mRNAs caused by the phorbol ester, consistent with the concept that the inhibitory effect of TPA on the surfactant protein mRNAs required continued gene transcription and was not mediated solely by changes in SP-A or SP-B transcription.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	64-68
2249989-0	1990	Phorbol ester inhibits surfactant protein SP-A and SP-B expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	42-46
2249989-9	1990	Actinomycin D completely blocked the rapid decrease in SP-A and SP-B mRNAs caused by the phorbol ester, consistent with the concept that the inhibitory effect of TPA on the surfactant protein mRNAs required continued gene transcription and was not mediated solely by changes in SP-A or SP-B transcription.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	278-282
2249989-0	1990	Phorbol ester inhibits surfactant protein SP-A and SP-B expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	51-55
2249989-9	1990	Actinomycin D completely blocked the rapid decrease in SP-A and SP-B mRNAs caused by the phorbol ester, consistent with the concept that the inhibitory effect of TPA on the surfactant protein mRNAs required continued gene transcription and was not mediated solely by changes in SP-A or SP-B transcription.	Phorbol Esters	89-102	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	286-290
2249989-10	1990	Inhibitory effects of phorbol esters on SP-A and SP-B synthesis support the concept that protein kinase C modulates surfactant protein expression in this cell.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	40-44
2249989-10	1990	Inhibitory effects of phorbol esters on SP-A and SP-B synthesis support the concept that protein kinase C modulates surfactant protein expression in this cell.	Phorbol Esters	22-36	surfactant protein B	Homo sapiens	49-53
1979029-0	1990	Rapid inactivation and phosphorylation of pyroglutamyl peptidase II in Y-79 human retinoblastoma cells after exposure to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	121-134	thyrotropin releasing hormone degrading enzyme	Homo sapiens	42-67
2125206-10	1990	The effect of thrombin but not that of arachidonic acid was prevented either by pretreatment with phorbol ester or by an increase in cyclic-AMP levels.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	14-22
2124973-0	1990	TAR independent activation of the human immunodeficiency virus in phorbol ester stimulated T lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	RNA binding motif protein 8A	Homo sapiens	0-3
2124973-8	1990	High level gene expression of these TAR mutant constructs in phorbol ester-treated Jurkat cells was eliminated by second site mutations in the enhancer region or by disruption of the tat gene.	Phorbol Esters	61-74	RNA binding motif protein 8A	Homo sapiens	36-39
2277083-21	1990	Additionally, phorbol esters, which have no effect on neurite growth when optimal laminin concentrations are used, potentiate growth even on optimal concentrations of L1 or N-cadherin.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	cadherin 2	Homo sapiens	173-183
2129302-0	1990	5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and phorbol ester stimulate prolactin release from rat anterior pituitary cells by different mechanisms.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	59-68
2123448-7	1990	Chronic preincubation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate interfered with the induction of c-fos by GH, suggesting that diacylglycerol and protein kinase C are involved in this effect of GH.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	110-115
1712842-8	1990	Simultaneous injection of polymyxin B (10(-8) mol (kg body weight)-1), an inhibitor of protein kinase C, with TPA and CCK8 reversed the inhibitory effect of the phorbol ester on CCK8-induced pancreatic juice flow, total protein output and amylase release.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	Body weight QTL 17	Rattus norvegicus	59-68
2123224-8	1990	In contrast, stimulation of lymphocytes with phorbol ester or TNF resulted in the rapid modulation of the surface expression of the PP homing receptor and decrease in lymphocyte binding to normal or TNF-stimulated HEV cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	199-202
2079711-7	1990	A 0.6 kb DNA fragment located between 4.0 kb and 4.6 kb upstream from the VIP transcriptional start site was found to impart a high level of expression in one subclone and an increased degree of phorbol ester induction in another.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	vasoactive intestinal polypeptide	Mus musculus	74-77
2174449-7	1990	Treatment of keratinocytes with active phorbol ester (TPA) caused a significant inhibition (50%) of bradykinin-induced IP3 accumulation, suggesting negative regulation of phospholipase C by protein kinase C. Bradykinin also caused a significant elevation in 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) content.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	100-110
2174449-7	1990	Treatment of keratinocytes with active phorbol ester (TPA) caused a significant inhibition (50%) of bradykinin-induced IP3 accumulation, suggesting negative regulation of phospholipase C by protein kinase C. Bradykinin also caused a significant elevation in 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) content.	Phorbol Esters	39-52	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	208-218
2174106-3	1990	In the murine thymoma EL4.E1, IL-1 could synergize with the phosphoinositide pathway, because the cells made higher levels of IL-2 in the presence of IL-1 than could be induced by phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore alone.	Phorbol Esters	180-193	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	30-34
1964490-0	1990	Tissue-specific, cyclic adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate-induced, and phorbol ester-repressed transcription from the human P450c17 promoter in mouse cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	120-127
19912776-6	1990	The net synthesis and accumulation of catecholamines and NPY decreased in parallel in response to treatment with phorbol esters, and increased in parallel in response to treatment with glucocorticoids; there was no change in the mRNA levels for tyrosine hydroxylase or preproNPY following either treatment.	Phorbol Esters	113-127	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
2247065-8	1990	Epidermal growth factor, phorbol ester, and the calcium ionophore A23187 stimulated the synthesis of NGFI-B that was composed largely of underphosphorylated, rapidly migrating species.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	101-107
2177148-2	1990	We have cloned the ADF cDNA and found that ADF production in human lymphocytes can be enhanced by cellular activators such as mitogens or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	19-22
2177148-2	1990	We have cloned the ADF cDNA and found that ADF production in human lymphocytes can be enhanced by cellular activators such as mitogens or phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	138-152	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	43-46
2174803-0	1990	Carbachol mimics phorbol esters in its ability to enhance cyclic GMP production by STa, the heat-stable toxin of Escherichia coli.	Phorbol Esters	17-31	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	65-68
2122977-8	1990	In Ca2(+)-deprived GH3 cells, the synthesis of GRP78 was promoted by phorbol ester and cAMP with the extent of induction correlating directly with the degree of translational tolerance to ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
2124805-7	1990	Down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by prolonged pretreatment with phorbol ester markedly prevented the VIC-induced delayed DAG accumulation.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	endothelin 2	Mus musculus	110-113
2244911-3	1990	Phorbol esters, which activate protein kinase c (PKC) and enhance the adherence properties of EC for PMN also up-regulate the ICAM-1 expression on EC.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	126-132
2174803-4	1990	reported that phorbol esters enhance STa-stimulated cyclic GMP production by 60-140% [(1990) Infect.	Phorbol Esters	14-28	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	59-62
2242040-5	1990	Action of erbstatin at the catalytic site of PKC was further indicated by the findings that it inhibited the catalytic fragment of PKC but did not inhibit the interaction of phorbol ester with the intact enzyme.	Phorbol Esters	174-187	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
2261154-3	1990	Mean effective concentration (EC50) values for phorbol ester and synthetic diacylglycerol (direct activators of PKC) were similar in SHR and WKY, thus revealing similar intrinsic activity of PKC in both rat strains.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
1976513-2	1990	The cells were treated with the phorbol ester TPA, which not only activates PKC but also causes down-regulation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
1699748-0	1990	Phorbol esters enhance stretch-induced atrial natriuretic peptide secretion.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	39-65
2226308-0	1990	Inhibitory effects of a tumor-promoting phorbol ester on luteinizing hormone-stimulated renin and prorenin production by cultured bovine theca cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	renin	Bos taurus	88-93
1699748-5	1990	Increase in right atrial pressure in the presence of a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), known to stimulate protein kinase C activity in heart cells, resulted in a significantly greater increase in the perfusate IR-ANP concentration than after vehicle infusion.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	241-244
1699748-11	1990	This study shows that phorbol ester enhances atrial stretch-stimulated ANP secretion from the isolated perfused heart, suggesting that protein kinase C activity is positively coupled to the stretch-induced ANP release.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
1699748-11	1990	This study shows that phorbol ester enhances atrial stretch-stimulated ANP secretion from the isolated perfused heart, suggesting that protein kinase C activity is positively coupled to the stretch-induced ANP release.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	206-209
2122980-2	1990	Other studies have shown that the c-jun protooncogene is expressed during phorbol ester-induced myeloid differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	34-39
1978839-5	1990	Northern blot analysis of a number of transcripts showed that the steady-state levels of c-myc and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) messages increased only after 3 h of phorbol ester treatment and returned to normal levels after 24 h. C-fos, albumin, and alphafetoprotein messages were not affected, suggesting the differentiation state of the cells was not altered.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	89-94
1978839-5	1990	Northern blot analysis of a number of transcripts showed that the steady-state levels of c-myc and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) messages increased only after 3 h of phorbol ester treatment and returned to normal levels after 24 h. C-fos, albumin, and alphafetoprotein messages were not affected, suggesting the differentiation state of the cells was not altered.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	99-132
1978839-5	1990	Northern blot analysis of a number of transcripts showed that the steady-state levels of c-myc and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) messages increased only after 3 h of phorbol ester treatment and returned to normal levels after 24 h. C-fos, albumin, and alphafetoprotein messages were not affected, suggesting the differentiation state of the cells was not altered.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	134-144
1978839-5	1990	Northern blot analysis of a number of transcripts showed that the steady-state levels of c-myc and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) messages increased only after 3 h of phorbol ester treatment and returned to normal levels after 24 h. C-fos, albumin, and alphafetoprotein messages were not affected, suggesting the differentiation state of the cells was not altered.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	249-254
2233728-0	1990	A phorbol ester-regulated ribonuclease system controlling transforming growth factor beta 1 gene expression in hematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	58-91
2173717-9	1990	Moreover our results demonstrate that the production of TNF-BP is increased when the TNF receptor is downregulated in cells by treatment with TNF or by activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	188-202	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	56-59
2173717-9	1990	Moreover our results demonstrate that the production of TNF-BP is increased when the TNF receptor is downregulated in cells by treatment with TNF or by activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	188-202	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-88
2173717-9	1990	Moreover our results demonstrate that the production of TNF-BP is increased when the TNF receptor is downregulated in cells by treatment with TNF or by activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	188-202	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-88
2213017-0	1990	Synthesis of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and of type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor in neuronal cultures of human fetal brain: stimulation by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	154-167	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	13-49
2173567-3	1990	In order to determine whether phorbol esters might inhibit insulin signalling also at the level of a phospholipase C, we studied the insulin dependent [3H] phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PIP) hydrolysis of fat cell membranes.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	insulin	Homo sapiens	59-66
1965031-2	1990	Incubation of tissues with the phorbol ester PMA selectively potentiated corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-stimulated ACTH secretion and cyclic AMP formation of anterior pituitary (AP) cells, while, in sharp contrast, it failed to similarly affect intermediate pituitary (IP) cells and AtT-20 corticotrophs exposed to CRF.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	73-103
1965031-2	1990	Incubation of tissues with the phorbol ester PMA selectively potentiated corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-stimulated ACTH secretion and cyclic AMP formation of anterior pituitary (AP) cells, while, in sharp contrast, it failed to similarly affect intermediate pituitary (IP) cells and AtT-20 corticotrophs exposed to CRF.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	121-125
2281080-4	1990	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), an activator of protein kinase C, also increased both S6 phosphorylation in intact acini and soluble S6 kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	164-173
2170406-10	1990	Phorbol ester inhibited PAF-induced phosphodiesteric hydrolysis of phosphoinositides, but not deacylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	24-27
2120223-4	1990	Regulation of gene transcription by phorbol esters is complex and involves the stimulation of the transactivating proteins Jun and Fos which form dimers and bind to the AP-1 enhancer elements (5"-TGAGTCA-3").	Phorbol Esters	36-50	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	131-134
2120223-6	1990	We find that, although a single dose of diacylglycerol, like phorbol esters, is sufficient to elevate mRNA levels of both the c-jun and c-fos protooncogenes, in contrast to phorbol esters there is no increase in either Jun protein or activation of AP-1 enhancer activity.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	126-131
2171516-2	1990	A novel Ca2(+)-independent PKC, nPKC epsilon, was identified together with two conventional Ca2(+)-dependent PKCs, PKC alpha and beta II by analysis of kinase and phorbol ester-binding activities, immunoblotting using isozyme-specific antibodies, and Northern blotting.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
2120223-6	1990	We find that, although a single dose of diacylglycerol, like phorbol esters, is sufficient to elevate mRNA levels of both the c-jun and c-fos protooncogenes, in contrast to phorbol esters there is no increase in either Jun protein or activation of AP-1 enhancer activity.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	136-141
2171516-3	1990	These PKCs are down-regulated differently when cells are stimulated by outer stimuli; phorbol esters deplete PKC beta II and nPKC epsilon from the cells more rapidly than PKC alpha, whereas thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) at 200 nM depletes nPKC epsilon exclusively with a time course similar to that induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	phospholipase C, beta 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-120
2171516-3	1990	These PKCs are down-regulated differently when cells are stimulated by outer stimuli; phorbol esters deplete PKC beta II and nPKC epsilon from the cells more rapidly than PKC alpha, whereas thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) at 200 nM depletes nPKC epsilon exclusively with a time course similar to that induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	125-137
2170413-7	1990	When cells were depleted of PKC by pretreatment with high concentrations of phorbol ester, TCR stimulation was no longer capable of inducing c-raf-associated kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	76-89	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	91-94
2226468-0	1990	Activation of a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates microtubule-associated protein 1B in vitro by growth factors and phorbol esters in quiescent rat fibroblastic cells.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	microtubule-associated protein 1B	Rattus norvegicus	60-93
2171516-3	1990	These PKCs are down-regulated differently when cells are stimulated by outer stimuli; phorbol esters deplete PKC beta II and nPKC epsilon from the cells more rapidly than PKC alpha, whereas thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) at 200 nM depletes nPKC epsilon exclusively with a time course similar to that induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	86-100	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	245-257
2171516-4	1990	However, translocation of PKC alpha and beta II to the membranes is elicited by both TRH and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	93-107	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	26-47
2171516-5	1990	These results suggest that TRH and phorbol ester activate PKC alpha and beta II differently but that nPKC epsilon is stimulated similarly by both stimuli.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	58-67
2171516-6	1990	Thus, in GH4C1 cells, Ca2(+)-independent nPKC epsilon may play a crucial role distinct from that mediated by Ca2(+)-dependent PKC alpha and beta II in a cellular response elicited by both TRH and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	196-210	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	41-53
2171516-2	1990	A novel Ca2(+)-independent PKC, nPKC epsilon, was identified together with two conventional Ca2(+)-dependent PKCs, PKC alpha and beta II by analysis of kinase and phorbol ester-binding activities, immunoblotting using isozyme-specific antibodies, and Northern blotting.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	protein kinase C, epsilon	Rattus norvegicus	32-44
1698145-5	1990	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester inhibited (IC50 = 3-10 nM) both EGF-dependent PtdIns hydrolysis and PLC gamma phosphorylation by more than 90%.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	14-30
2083630-0	1990	A differential effect of phorbol ester on the internalization of iron and transferrin by HL 60 cells.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	transferrin	Homo sapiens	74-85
2144469-2	1990	Among the various stimuli tested, the synergistic combination of phorbol diester and VD3 was the most potent inducer of HILDA/LIF gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	65-80	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	120-125
2144469-2	1990	Among the various stimuli tested, the synergistic combination of phorbol diester and VD3 was the most potent inducer of HILDA/LIF gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	65-80	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	126-129
2212654-1	1990	It has been proposed that phorbol esters and the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 are effective comitogens for some species of lymphocytes because together they mimic the normal secondary signals for cell activation by mitogens that cause phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdInsP2) breakdown (e.g., anti-TCR and anti-Thy-1 antibodies and Con A).	Phorbol Esters	26-40	thymus cell antigen 1, theta	Mus musculus	312-317
2271120-7	1990	G0S19-1 has 5" AP1-like recognition elements as found in some other phorbol ester-responsive genes (e.g., c-fos).	Phorbol Esters	68-81	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	15-18
2271120-7	1990	G0S19-1 has 5" AP1-like recognition elements as found in some other phorbol ester-responsive genes (e.g., c-fos).	Phorbol Esters	68-81	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	106-111
1698145-5	1990	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester inhibited (IC50 = 3-10 nM) both EGF-dependent PtdIns hydrolysis and PLC gamma phosphorylation by more than 90%.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
1698145-5	1990	Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with a phorbol ester inhibited (IC50 = 3-10 nM) both EGF-dependent PtdIns hydrolysis and PLC gamma phosphorylation by more than 90%.	Phorbol Esters	44-57	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	90-93
1698145-6	1990	Both EGF-stimulated responses were potentiated in cells depleted of PKC by prolonged phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	5-8
1698145-6	1990	Both EGF-stimulated responses were potentiated in cells depleted of PKC by prolonged phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	85-98	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	68-71
2398390-3	1990	The administration of the PKC-activating phorbol esters 4-beta-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) resulted in a dose-related inhibition of growth of human glioma cell lines in vitro as measured by 3H-thymidine uptake.	Phorbol Esters	41-55	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-29
2173663-5	1990	We show that IL4 plus carefully titrated concentrations of PKC-activating phorbol esters [such as phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PBu2)] induce cell cycle entry of virtually all murine B cells and substantial levels of DNA synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	74-88	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	13-16
2209721-3	1990	In the presence of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), cell proliferation ceases and large quantities of the intermediate filament protein vimentin are synthesized and accumulate in most of the cells.	Phorbol Esters	23-36	vimentin	Mus musculus	165-173
2212950-4	1990	Activation of PKC with phorbol esters results in the rapid disappearance of punctate staining of MARCKS, but not vinculin or talin, and is accompanied by cell spreading and loss of filopodia.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	Homo sapiens	97-103
2212950-4	1990	Activation of PKC with phorbol esters results in the rapid disappearance of punctate staining of MARCKS, but not vinculin or talin, and is accompanied by cell spreading and loss of filopodia.	Phorbol Esters	23-37	vinculin	Homo sapiens	113-121
2178218-6	1990	The phorbol ester also inhibited the increase in 3 beta HSD mRNA levels stimulated by LH as well as cholera toxin and forskolin and the cAMP analogs (Bu)2cAMP and 8-bromo-cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerase 1	Homo sapiens	49-59
2204723-6	1990	In U937 and Jurkat T lymphoid cells, the inducibility of the different hybrid promoters by TNF-alpha or phorbol ester varied in a cell type- and promoter context-specific manner; the levels of gene activity of NF-kappa B-containing plasmids correlated directly with induction of NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	210-220
2146676-5	1990	The two latter signals were nevertheless able to induce NF-kappa B translocation with a pattern in the band-shift assay indistinguishable from that observed using phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	56-66
2204723-6	1990	In U937 and Jurkat T lymphoid cells, the inducibility of the different hybrid promoters by TNF-alpha or phorbol ester varied in a cell type- and promoter context-specific manner; the levels of gene activity of NF-kappa B-containing plasmids correlated directly with induction of NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity.	Phorbol Esters	104-117	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	279-289
2222456-0	1990	Evidence for protein kinase C independent activation of phospholipase D by phorbol esters in lymphocytes.	Phorbol Esters	75-89	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	56-71
2219271-5	1990	Cyclosporine also inhibits by 66% the insulin secretory response to 100 nmol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, suggesting that either cyclosporine interferes with phorbol ester action on beta cells or the action site is located beyond the protein kinase C activation.	Phorbol Esters	164-177	insulin	Homo sapiens	38-45
2217188-4	1990	Treatment of the cultures with a calcium ionophore alone, calcium ionophore plus forskolin (that activates adenylate cyclase), or forskolin plus a phorbol ester increased prorenin release and renin mRNA levels 1.3- to 6-fold, but several classes of steroids did not affect prorenin secretion or renin RNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	renin	Homo sapiens	174-179
2217188-4	1990	Treatment of the cultures with a calcium ionophore alone, calcium ionophore plus forskolin (that activates adenylate cyclase), or forskolin plus a phorbol ester increased prorenin release and renin mRNA levels 1.3- to 6-fold, but several classes of steroids did not affect prorenin secretion or renin RNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	147-160	renin	Homo sapiens	192-197
2222456-1	1990	Recently it was reported that tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate the production of phosphatidylethanol (PEt) in lymphocytes through the activation of phospholipase D (PLD).	Phorbol Esters	46-60	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	156-171
2222456-1	1990	Recently it was reported that tumor-promoting phorbol esters stimulate the production of phosphatidylethanol (PEt) in lymphocytes through the activation of phospholipase D (PLD).	Phorbol Esters	46-60	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	173-176
2119494-0	1990	Transcription factor PEA3 participates in the induction of urokinase plasminogen activator transcription in murine keratinocytes stimulated with epidermal growth factor or phorbol-ester.	Phorbol Esters	172-185	ets variant 4	Mus musculus	21-25
2119054-3	1990	This sequence, denoted a "composite" glucocorticoid response element (GRE), was bound selectively in vitro both by the glucocorticoid receptor and by c-Jun and c-Fos, components of the phorbol ester-activated AP-1 transcription factor.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Mus musculus	119-142
2119054-3	1990	This sequence, denoted a "composite" glucocorticoid response element (GRE), was bound selectively in vitro both by the glucocorticoid receptor and by c-Jun and c-Fos, components of the phorbol ester-activated AP-1 transcription factor.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	150-155
2119054-3	1990	This sequence, denoted a "composite" glucocorticoid response element (GRE), was bound selectively in vitro both by the glucocorticoid receptor and by c-Jun and c-Fos, components of the phorbol ester-activated AP-1 transcription factor.	Phorbol Esters	185-198	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	160-165
2118523-7	1990	Both NGFI-A species are rapidly induced in PC12 cells by NGF, phorbol ester, and the calcium ionophore A23187.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	early growth response 1	Rattus norvegicus	5-11
2118523-7	1990	Both NGFI-A species are rapidly induced in PC12 cells by NGF, phorbol ester, and the calcium ionophore A23187.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	5-8
2389771-3	1990	Furthermore, CD9 antigen expression increased while culturing these cells with phorbol esters, and was also found in the cytoplasm by means of indirect immunofluorescence test.	Phorbol Esters	79-93	CD9 molecule	Homo sapiens	13-16
2166625-8	1990	Additive effects of IL-4 and IFN were on the other hand seen on HLA-DR and HLA-DQ expression as well as on O2- production in response to stimulation with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	154-167	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	20-32
2167156-5	1990	A high level of expression of interstitial collagenase message was found in human A2058 melanoma cells by Northern blot analysis, and this level was slightly increased by phorbol ester (phorbol myristate acetate) stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	171-184	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	30-54
1975779-5	1990	In addition, phorbol-ester-induced homotypic adhesion, an LFA-1-mediated effect, was compared in these LCLs.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	58-63
2398047-9	1990	Both the p76-kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of histone III-S and the autophosphorylation of the enzyme could be activated by the phorbol ester TPA (or diacylglycerol) plus phosphatidyl serine, but not by calcium plus phosphatidyl serine.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	phospholipase B domain containing 2	Mus musculus	9-12
2241900-1	1990	Short-term treatment of rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL-2H3) cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) activates protein kinase C (PKC) and results in the inhibition of the IgE-dependent formation of inositol phosphates, but in the potentiation of serotonin secretion.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	126-129
2400789-0	1990	T-cell restricted and unrestricted expression of transfected human interleukin-2 gene: phorbol ester- and calcium-inducible versus constitutive expression.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	67-80
2401043-0	1990	Differential mechanism for the inhibition of epidermal growth factor binding to its receptor on mouse keratinocytes by anthrones and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	epidermal growth factor	Mus musculus	45-68
2135398-7	1990	Conversely, in cells made deficient in protein kinase C (PKC) activity by prolonged treatment with phorbol ester, BB and AA PDGF-induced c-fos expression was inhibited by 75-80%, while PDGF-induced increases in [Ca2+]i and DNA synthesis were unaffected or enhanced.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	137-142
1974218-2	1990	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12 myristate 13-acetate, caused a concentration-dependent increase in immunoreactive somatostatin secretion with a 1-mumol/L concentration resulting in a 40-fold stimulation (basal 0.28% +/- 0.7% total cell content vs. 13.8% +/- 2.2% TCC, P less than 0.005).	Phorbol Esters	4-17	somatostatin	Homo sapiens	112-124
1702411-3	1990	Both enhancement and inhibition were noted in responses to the combination of A23187 and the phorbol ester TPA, at 2-5 microM and 10-20 microM and 10-20 microM AMG, respectively, as found earlier with A23187 alone.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	107-110
1696599-0	1990	Protein tyrosine phosphorylation and p56lck modification in IL-2 or phorbol ester-activated human natural killer cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	37-43
2168181-0	1990	Effects of phorbol ester on cell growth inhibition by transforming growth factor beta 1 in human hepatoma cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	11-24	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	54-87
2203949-3	1990	Recent evidence indicates that specific protein phosphorylation via activation of protein kinase C (PKC) is an early, critical step in the signaling of macrophage TNF production by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	181-195	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	163-166
2204066-2	1990	The protein, provisionally called cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), was isolated from a human B-lymphoblastoid cell line that was induced to secrete lymphokines by culture with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	190-203	interleukin 12A	Homo sapiens	34-72
2204066-2	1990	The protein, provisionally called cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), was isolated from a human B-lymphoblastoid cell line that was induced to secrete lymphokines by culture with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	190-203	interleukin 12A	Homo sapiens	74-78
2149452-5	1990	While the combined treatment with phorbol ester and forskolin produces a 2-fold increase in total ANF level, it induces a synergistic 20-fold elevation of total ASIF level.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	natriuretic peptide A	Bos taurus	98-101
2205904-5	1990	Beta 2m was released in the native form from neutrophils in response to stimulation with chemotactic stimuli and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
2168181-1	1990	The effects of phorbol ester on cell growth inhibition by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in human hepatoma cell lines, Mahlavu and PLC/PRF/5, were investigated.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	58-91
2168181-1	1990	The effects of phorbol ester on cell growth inhibition by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in human hepatoma cell lines, Mahlavu and PLC/PRF/5, were investigated.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	93-103
2167321-0	1990	A DNA motif related to the cAMP-responsive element and an exon-located activator protein-2 binding site in the human tissue-type plasminogen activator gene promoter cooperate in basal expression and convey activation by phorbol ester and cAMP.	Phorbol Esters	220-233	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	117-150
2167321-1	1990	Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene expression is regulated by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), by cyclic AMP analogues, and the cAMP agonist, forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	0-33
2167321-1	1990	Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene expression is regulated by the tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), by cyclic AMP analogues, and the cAMP agonist, forskolin.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	35-39
1704321-4	1990	The phorbol ester, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate was also effective in lowering tyrosinase activity levels, while 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, which does not bind protein kinase C, was ineffective.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	75-85
1975240-4	1990	Treatment of U-937 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in the presence of mAb to LFA-1 or ICAM-1 antigens yielded cells free from homotypic adhesions but differentiated as evidenced by their decreased proliferation and enhanced capacity for generation of superoxide anion.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	111-116
2167455-2	1990	This gene and the related cellular genes c-jun, jun B and jun D, encode transactivating (or repressing) DNA-binding proteins that form homo- or heterodimeric (Jun-Jun and Jun-Fos) complexes which recognize the AP-1 consensus sequence TGACTCA, a response element that confers sensitivity to the tumour-promoting phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	311-324	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	41-46
2167455-2	1990	This gene and the related cellular genes c-jun, jun B and jun D, encode transactivating (or repressing) DNA-binding proteins that form homo- or heterodimeric (Jun-Jun and Jun-Fos) complexes which recognize the AP-1 consensus sequence TGACTCA, a response element that confers sensitivity to the tumour-promoting phorbol ester TPA.	Phorbol Esters	311-324	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	175-178
1975240-4	1990	Treatment of U-937 cells with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in the presence of mAb to LFA-1 or ICAM-1 antigens yielded cells free from homotypic adhesions but differentiated as evidenced by their decreased proliferation and enhanced capacity for generation of superoxide anion.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	120-126
2116478-2	1990	Treatment of growing PBL with phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) or calcium ionophore (A23187) for 1 h caused phosphorylation of prosolin with the production of up to four prominent phosphorylated forms differing in degree of phosphorylation and/or two-dimensional electrophoretic mobility (peptides B to E).	Phorbol Esters	30-43	stathmin 1	Homo sapiens	153-161
2379149-0	1990	Differential effects of phorbol ester on epidermal growth factor receptors in estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	78-95
2143206-3	1990	In the presence of phorbol ester, these anti-CD3 mAb triggered differential IL-2 production in Jurkat T cells, which could not be explained by differences in kinetics of IL-2 production, by differences in IL-2 adsorption caused by differential surface expression of p55 or p75 IL-2R, by effects on IL-2 secretion rather than actual synthesis, or by differential toxicities of the anti-CD3 mAb to Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
2199576-7	1990	Increased adhesiveness for ICAM-1 stimulated by phorbol esters could be demonstrated for hybrid LFA-1 molecules with human alpha and murine beta subunits.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
2199576-7	1990	Increased adhesiveness for ICAM-1 stimulated by phorbol esters could be demonstrated for hybrid LFA-1 molecules with human alpha and murine beta subunits.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	96-101
2379149-2	1990	In the present study experiments were undertaken with the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an agent known to decrease EGF-R binding, in order to further define the relationship between changes in EGF-R binding and changes in growth rates in 10 human breast cancer cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	58-71	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	145-150
2078571-6	1990	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by 48 h pretreatment of rVSMC with phorbol ester markedly reduced the subsequent ability of rVSMC to express ET-1 transcripts and secrete ET-1 peptide in response to Ang II.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-149
1696432-7	1990	The phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA; 1 microM) also enhanced maximal secretion to 450% of basal and decreased the EC50 to 0.18 microM Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	56-59
2207502-17	1990	We conclude that PKC activation is necessary for phorbol ester-induced cardiac dysfunction.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-20
2078571-6	1990	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by 48 h pretreatment of rVSMC with phorbol ester markedly reduced the subsequent ability of rVSMC to express ET-1 transcripts and secrete ET-1 peptide in response to Ang II.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	174-178
1973076-5	1990	In contrast, treatment of fibroblasts with the phorbol ester, TPA, stimulated ICAM-1-dependent adhesion without an increase in ICAM-1 surface expression.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	78-84
2078571-6	1990	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by 48 h pretreatment of rVSMC with phorbol ester markedly reduced the subsequent ability of rVSMC to express ET-1 transcripts and secrete ET-1 peptide in response to Ang II.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	202-208
2278886-0	1990	Murine c-rel transcription is rapidly induced in T-cells and fibroblasts by mitogenic agents and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	reticuloendotheliosis oncogene	Mus musculus	7-12
2170797-0	1990	Activation of intracellular pathways with forskolin and phorbol ester increases LHRH mRNA level in the rat hypothalamus superfused in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	56-69	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
2127700-2	1990	Phorbol esters can inhibit IFN-induced expression of some of these RNAs, including ISG-54K.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	27-30
2127700-2	1990	Phorbol esters can inhibit IFN-induced expression of some of these RNAs, including ISG-54K.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	83-90
2127700-3	1990	The actions of phorbol esters on IFN-activated ISG-54K transcription are cell specific and are reversed by inhibitors of protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
2127700-3	1990	The actions of phorbol esters on IFN-activated ISG-54K transcription are cell specific and are reversed by inhibitors of protein synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	15-29	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	47-54
2127700-4	1990	In those cell lines in which phorbol esters inhibit IFN-induced ISG-54K transcription, prolonged IFN exposure also induces a "desensitized state" such that further IFN exposure no longer induces ISG-54K expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	52-55
2127700-4	1990	In those cell lines in which phorbol esters inhibit IFN-induced ISG-54K transcription, prolonged IFN exposure also induces a "desensitized state" such that further IFN exposure no longer induces ISG-54K expression.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	64-71
2127700-6	1990	Experiments are described to determine whether the mechanism by which phorbol esters inhibit IFN-activated ISG-54K expression is the same as the mechanism by which prolonged exposure to IFN makes cells refractory to further induction of ISG-54K expression.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	interferon alpha 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
2127700-6	1990	Experiments are described to determine whether the mechanism by which phorbol esters inhibit IFN-activated ISG-54K expression is the same as the mechanism by which prolonged exposure to IFN makes cells refractory to further induction of ISG-54K expression.	Phorbol Esters	70-84	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	107-114
2127700-9	1990	This observation suggests that the mechanisms by which prolonged IFN treatment and phorbol esters inhibit ISG-54K expression are independent.	Phorbol Esters	83-97	interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2	Homo sapiens	106-113
2197329-2	1990	We showed previously that GM-CSF production by lectin or phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA]-treated T cells was unaffected by cyclosporin A whereas IL-2 and IL-3 expression were.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	26-32
2122001-2	1990	Although previous studies in skeletal muscle cells have suggested that the activation of protein kinase C induces de-differentiation, including the selective disassembly of myofibrils and inhibition of myofibrillar protein synthesis, the present study demonstrates that phorbol esters which activate protein kinase C lead to the accumulation of an individual contractile protein, myosin light chain-2 (MLC-2) and produce several features of myocardial cell hypertrophy.	Phorbol Esters	270-284	myosin light chain 2	Rattus norvegicus	380-400
2122001-2	1990	Although previous studies in skeletal muscle cells have suggested that the activation of protein kinase C induces de-differentiation, including the selective disassembly of myofibrils and inhibition of myofibrillar protein synthesis, the present study demonstrates that phorbol esters which activate protein kinase C lead to the accumulation of an individual contractile protein, myosin light chain-2 (MLC-2) and produce several features of myocardial cell hypertrophy.	Phorbol Esters	270-284	myosin light chain 2	Rattus norvegicus	402-407
2164911-7	1990	Since ET-1 action involves activation of protein kinase-C (PKC), we studied the effect of a phorbol ester (PMA) on the down-regulation of ET-1 receptors.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	endothelin 1	Bos taurus	138-142
2168707-5	1990	Two PKC activators, a phorbol ester and a diacylglyceride, were ineffective alone, with hormones or with the calcium ionophore.	Phorbol Esters	22-35	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	4-7
2197329-2	1990	We showed previously that GM-CSF production by lectin or phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA]-treated T cells was unaffected by cyclosporin A whereas IL-2 and IL-3 expression were.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	promotion susceptibility QTL 1	Mus musculus	111-114
2115124-4	1990	We also demonstrated that protein kinase C activation is required for the EGF induction of stromelysin, since phorbol ester desensitization of C kinase proteins abolished the ability of EGF to induce stromelysin mRNA, protein, and promoter activity.	Phorbol Esters	110-123	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	186-189
19215372-16	1990	Intracellular accumulation of Ca(2+) by the ionophore A23187 and protein kinase C stimulation by the phorbol ester 12-O- tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), strongly stimulated GH and prolactin release.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	178-180
19215372-16	1990	Intracellular accumulation of Ca(2+) by the ionophore A23187 and protein kinase C stimulation by the phorbol ester 12-O- tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA), strongly stimulated GH and prolactin release.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	prolactin	Homo sapiens	185-194
2392322-2	1990	Because protein kinase C (PKC) represents the intracellular receptor for phorbol esters, we investigated a possible correlation between expression of PKC and tumor progression in the melanocytic system.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	8-24
2370859-4	1990	Induction of the intact IFN-beta promoter linked to a reporter plasmid was achieved in lymphoid and epithelioid cellular backgrounds by a triple transfection with IRF-1 and Tax expression plasmids or a combination of IRF-1 and phorbol ester, indicating that at least two trans-activating events and the association of two proteins on the promoter template are required for IFN-beta activation.	Phorbol Esters	227-240	interferon beta 1	Homo sapiens	24-32
2118892-2	1990	We obtained evidence that NIH3T3 cells transformed by the c-raf or H-ras oncogene maintained a decreased level of phosphorylation of the 80K protein, with or without phorbol ester (TPA)-stimulation, at all concentrations of serum tested while normal NIH3T3 cells maintained an elevated level of phosphorylation of the 80K protein.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	58-63
2118892-2	1990	We obtained evidence that NIH3T3 cells transformed by the c-raf or H-ras oncogene maintained a decreased level of phosphorylation of the 80K protein, with or without phorbol ester (TPA)-stimulation, at all concentrations of serum tested while normal NIH3T3 cells maintained an elevated level of phosphorylation of the 80K protein.	Phorbol Esters	166-179	Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene	Mus musculus	67-72
2392322-2	1990	Because protein kinase C (PKC) represents the intracellular receptor for phorbol esters, we investigated a possible correlation between expression of PKC and tumor progression in the melanocytic system.	Phorbol Esters	73-87	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	26-29
2384090-2	1990	Following initial cleavage of PKC-epsilon with trypsin, the kinase activity using a synthetic peptide substrate was found to be lipid/phorbol-ester independent, as observed for other members of this kinase family.	Phorbol Esters	134-147	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	30-41
2103504-3	1990	In cells derived from anterior pituitary glands, another site of TGF alpha expression, TGF alpha secretion and mRNA levels can be regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	65-74
2103504-3	1990	In cells derived from anterior pituitary glands, another site of TGF alpha expression, TGF alpha secretion and mRNA levels can be regulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	87-96
2103504-4	1990	The expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, which is also the TGF alpha receptor, is also stimulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	22-60
2103504-4	1990	The expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, which is also the TGF alpha receptor, is also stimulated by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	122-136	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	80-89
2162825-8	1990	The rates of secretion of both ANF and ACTH could be increased 3-5-fold with a variety of known AtT-20 cell secretagogues including phorbol esters and the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, thus indicating that both peptides were routed through regulated secretory pathways.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	natriuretic peptide type A	Mus musculus	31-34
2171043-8	1990	As the effects of IL-1 beta have been reported to be mimicked by tumour-promoting phorbol esters, this rise in DG suggested the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC).	Phorbol Esters	82-96	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	18-27
2233705-10	1990	One hour treatment with the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), stimulated a nine-fold increase in release of preexisting, dimeric cell-surface FN (125I-labeled).	Phorbol Esters	28-41	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	183-185
2124475-6	1990	In contrast, direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester and of MLCK by the calcium ionophore A23187 evoked the selective phosphorylation of the respective target proteins, P47 and P20, to a similar extent in platelets of SHR and WKY.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	NSFL1 cofactor	Rattus norvegicus	171-174
2124475-6	1990	In contrast, direct activation of PKC by phorbol ester and of MLCK by the calcium ionophore A23187 evoked the selective phosphorylation of the respective target proteins, P47 and P20, to a similar extent in platelets of SHR and WKY.	Phorbol Esters	41-54	heat shock protein family B (small) member 6	Rattus norvegicus	179-182
2117475-0	1990	Regulation of endothelial tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 synthesis by diacylglycerol, phorbol ester, and thrombin.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	chromosome 20 open reading frame 181	Homo sapiens	26-54
2117475-0	1990	Regulation of endothelial tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 synthesis by diacylglycerol, phorbol ester, and thrombin.	Phorbol Esters	127-140	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	59-97
2163316-7	1990	We exploited the observation that prolonged exposure to phorbol esters down-regulates PKC.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
2163322-2	1990	We recently demonstrated that IL-6 is produced by anterior pituitary cells in response to the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide and phorbol diester in vitro.	Phorbol Esters	137-152	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	30-34
2358463-0	1990	Human growth hormone-stimulated growth of human cultured lymphocytes (IM-9) and its inhibition by phorbol diesters through down-regulation of the hormone receptors.	Phorbol Esters	98-114	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	6-20
2358463-7	1990	The down-regulation of the hormone receptor was also induced with another phorbol diester, phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, but not with the phorbol or phorbol monoesters phorbol 12-myristate and phorbol 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	74-89	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	27-43
2194392-7	1990	When stimulated in vitro by anti-mu and TPA, (phorbol ester) tumor cells showed a decrease in CD21 and Slg and a stronger expression of CD25, T9, T10, and PCA1, with evidence of Ig secretion in four out of the seven cases studied.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	complement C3d receptor 2	Homo sapiens	94-98
2194392-7	1990	When stimulated in vitro by anti-mu and TPA, (phorbol ester) tumor cells showed a decrease in CD21 and Slg and a stronger expression of CD25, T9, T10, and PCA1, with evidence of Ig secretion in four out of the seven cases studied.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 12	Homo sapiens	103-106
2194392-7	1990	When stimulated in vitro by anti-mu and TPA, (phorbol ester) tumor cells showed a decrease in CD21 and Slg and a stronger expression of CD25, T9, T10, and PCA1, with evidence of Ig secretion in four out of the seven cases studied.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	interferon stimulated exonuclease gene 20	Homo sapiens	136-140
2194392-7	1990	When stimulated in vitro by anti-mu and TPA, (phorbol ester) tumor cells showed a decrease in CD21 and Slg and a stronger expression of CD25, T9, T10, and PCA1, with evidence of Ig secretion in four out of the seven cases studied.	Phorbol Esters	46-59	prostate cancer associated transcript 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
2165399-3	1990	In contrast, protein kinase C (PK-C)-mediated desensitization by incubation with phorbol esters [PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)], leading to a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cholinergically stimulated InsP release (95% inhibition after 4 h with 0.1 microM-PMA), is accompanied by only a 40% decrease in muscarinic receptor binding, which suggests an additional mechanism of negative-feedback control.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	13-29
2165399-3	1990	In contrast, protein kinase C (PK-C)-mediated desensitization by incubation with phorbol esters [PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate)], leading to a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cholinergically stimulated InsP release (95% inhibition after 4 h with 0.1 microM-PMA), is accompanied by only a 40% decrease in muscarinic receptor binding, which suggests an additional mechanism of negative-feedback control.	Phorbol Esters	81-95	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	31-35
2165399-10	1990	Exogenous activation of PK-C by phorbol esters seems to dissociate the interaction between receptor and G-protein/PL-C, without major effects on total cellular PL-C activity.	Phorbol Esters	32-46	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	24-28
2364174-0	1990	Effects of phorbol esters on an interleukin-3-dependent cell line.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	interleukin 3	Mus musculus	32-45
2162825-8	1990	The rates of secretion of both ANF and ACTH could be increased 3-5-fold with a variety of known AtT-20 cell secretagogues including phorbol esters and the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, thus indicating that both peptides were routed through regulated secretory pathways.	Phorbol Esters	132-146	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	39-43
1696890-13	1990	Phorbol ester and ionomycin stimulated a full IL 2 response in the M4/8 cell line, demonstrating that the defect in the decreased signaling in the mutant did not result from a defect in the IL 2 gene program.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
1694075-2	1990	Thrombin, transforming growth factor-beta, cytokines (tumor necrotizing factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta), and phorbol ester stimulated ET-1-LI release in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	136-140
2113056-0	1990	Inhibitory and stimulatory effects of phorbol ester on vasopressin-induced cellular responses in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	38-51	arginine vasopressin	Rattus norvegicus	55-66
2194575-8	1990	We postulated a role for protein kinase C in thrombin-induced KC gene expression since previous work had demonstrated a similar EC response to phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	45-53
2172130-9	1990	The proliferation of the EBNA or LMP-expressing cells was markedly enhanced by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	PDZ and LIM domain 7	Homo sapiens	33-36
2172130-11	1990	The phorbol ester enhancement of EBV-induced growth transformation is likely to be mediated by EBNA and LMP.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	PDZ and LIM domain 7	Homo sapiens	104-107
2178224-4	1990	We show that the phorbol ester-responsive element of the collagenase gene mediates both positive and negative regulatory effects, respectively, of IL-1 and RA on transcription.	Phorbol Esters	17-30	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	147-151
2191953-0	1990	Differential stimulation of phosphorylation of initiation factors eIF-4F, eIF-4B, eIF-3, and ribosomal protein S6 by insulin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B	Mus musculus	74-80
2191953-0	1990	Differential stimulation of phosphorylation of initiation factors eIF-4F, eIF-4B, eIF-3, and ribosomal protein S6 by insulin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit A	Mus musculus	82-87
2191953-0	1990	Differential stimulation of phosphorylation of initiation factors eIF-4F, eIF-4B, eIF-3, and ribosomal protein S6 by insulin and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	ribosomal protein S6	Mus musculus	93-113
2207658-0	1990	Phorbol esters increase insulin binding in astrocytic glial but not neuronal cells in primary culture from the brain.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	insulin	Homo sapiens	24-31
2207658-1	1990	In this study we used differential culturing techniques to study the effects of phorbol esters on insulin receptors on neuronal and astrocytic glial cells in primary culture from the brain.	Phorbol Esters	80-94	insulin	Homo sapiens	98-105
2207658-4	1990	The TPA effect on glial [125I]insulin binding was specific as evidenced by the observation that potencies of phorbol ester analogs to increase [125I]insulin binding were similar to their abilities to stimulate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	insulin	Homo sapiens	30-37
2207658-4	1990	The TPA effect on glial [125I]insulin binding was specific as evidenced by the observation that potencies of phorbol ester analogs to increase [125I]insulin binding were similar to their abilities to stimulate PKC.	Phorbol Esters	109-122	insulin	Homo sapiens	149-156
2193536-7	1990	PTH also augmented phorbol ester (TPA)-induced insulin release, stimulated adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) generation by pancreatic islets, and significantly increased (+50 +/- 2.7%, P less than 0.01) their cytosolic calcium.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
1693617-0	1990	The regulation of tissue factor mRNA in human endothelial cells in response to endotoxin or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	18-31
2196931-6	1990	The majority of neutrophils in whole blood (67.1 +/- 8.1%) exhibit respiratory burst activity in response to stimulation with phorbol ester (1 micrograms/ml of TPA), and this response is also significantly primed by rhGM-CSF (P = 0.004).	Phorbol Esters	126-139	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	160-163
2163613-9	1990	Furthermore, the effects of insulin and PMA on glucose consumption, lactate production, Fru-2,6-P2 levels and PFK2 activity are additive, and the effect of insulin on Fru-2,6-P2 production is not altered by pre-treatment of the cells with the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	243-256	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
2207207-0	1990	[The effect of phorbol esters and Ca2+ ions on the process of autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor in vivo].	Phorbol Esters	15-29	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	85-117
2373247-0	1990	Phorbol ester-induced downregulation of protein kinase C potentiates insulin receptor tyrosine autophosphorylation: evidence for a major constitutive role in insulin receptor regulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	69-85
2373247-0	1990	Phorbol ester-induced downregulation of protein kinase C potentiates insulin receptor tyrosine autophosphorylation: evidence for a major constitutive role in insulin receptor regulation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	158-174
2160868-10	1990	Protein kinase C-activating phorbol esters like 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, but not 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, which is inactive for protein kinase C, completely inhibited the reaction by 5-HT; TPA showed 30% inhibition on the reaction by AlF4-.	Phorbol Esters	28-42	AF4/FMR2 family, member 4	Mus musculus	292-296
2166202-2	1990	Marked induction of c-fos mRNA in astrocytes was observed after treatment with epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db-cAMP), and phorbol diester (TPA; 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol 13-acetate), which are known to induce the proliferation or differentiation of astrocytes.	Phorbol Esters	185-200	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	20-25
1692959-1	1990	Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is known to synergize with phorbol esters in the induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression in T-lymphoid leukemia cells and proliferation of mouse thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	0-13
2113537-0	1990	Enhancement of thrombin- and ionomycin-stimulated prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor production in cultured endothelial cells by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	15-23
2113537-0	1990	Enhancement of thrombin- and ionomycin-stimulated prostacyclin and platelet-activating factor production in cultured endothelial cells by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	156-169	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	67-93
2186924-2	1990	However, it has been recently observed that active phorbol esters (e.g., phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) may entirely replace IL-3 to promote its proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	127-131
2113601-2	1990	The phorbol ester TPA and the natural compound Bryostatin 1 (Bryo) were used to directly stimulate protein kinase C (PKC) while the calcium ionophone A23187 was employed to increase intracellular Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	99-115
2113601-2	1990	The phorbol ester TPA and the natural compound Bryostatin 1 (Bryo) were used to directly stimulate protein kinase C (PKC) while the calcium ionophone A23187 was employed to increase intracellular Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	117-120
1692959-1	1990	Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is known to synergize with phorbol esters in the induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression in T-lymphoid leukemia cells and proliferation of mouse thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	83-96
2088505-0	1990	A novel T-cell trans-activator that recognizes a phorbol ester-inducible element of the interleukin-2 promoter.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	88-101
1692959-1	1990	Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is known to synergize with phorbol esters in the induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression in T-lymphoid leukemia cells and proliferation of mouse thymocytes.	Phorbol Esters	48-62	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	98-102
2088505-4	1990	However, like NF kappa B, TCF-1 activity is induced by phorbol esters and other T-cell activators.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	14-24
1692959-6	1990	In addition we show that pretreatment with IL-1 can prime EL4 cells to subsequent activation by concentrations of phorbol esters not normally sufficient to induce IL-2 expression.	Phorbol Esters	114-128	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	43-47
2088505-4	1990	However, like NF kappa B, TCF-1 activity is induced by phorbol esters and other T-cell activators.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	transcription factor 7	Homo sapiens	26-31
1692963-6	1990	The time courses of p42 tyrosine phosphorylation and PK42 activation were similar, reaching maximal levels within 10 min and returning to basal levels within 5 h. Both p42 tyrosine phosphorylation and PK42 activation were stimulated by low concentrations of phorbol esters, and the responses of p42 and PK42 to TPA were abolished by chronic 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment.	Phorbol Esters	258-272	cyclin-dependent kinase 20	Mus musculus	20-23
1692963-6	1990	The time courses of p42 tyrosine phosphorylation and PK42 activation were similar, reaching maximal levels within 10 min and returning to basal levels within 5 h. Both p42 tyrosine phosphorylation and PK42 activation were stimulated by low concentrations of phorbol esters, and the responses of p42 and PK42 to TPA were abolished by chronic 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment.	Phorbol Esters	258-272	cyclin-dependent kinase 20	Mus musculus	168-171
2172796-7	1990	The sequence of this region would suggest the binding of transcription factor AP-2, a cell-specific mediator of both cAMP and phorbol esters action on gene expression.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	transcription factor AP-2, alpha	Mus musculus	78-82
1692963-6	1990	The time courses of p42 tyrosine phosphorylation and PK42 activation were similar, reaching maximal levels within 10 min and returning to basal levels within 5 h. Both p42 tyrosine phosphorylation and PK42 activation were stimulated by low concentrations of phorbol esters, and the responses of p42 and PK42 to TPA were abolished by chronic 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment.	Phorbol Esters	258-272	cyclin-dependent kinase 20	Mus musculus	168-171
2191300-8	1990	Transfection of thymidine kinase-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs containing the 21-bp c-myc sequence into Jurkat cells demonstrated increased chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity upon phorbol ester and phytohemagglutinin treatment.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	99-104
2188105-6	1990	Using ras-inducible cell lines, we observed that expression of the oncogenic N-ras p21 protein interferes with the ability of phorbol esters to induce downregulation of protein kinase C. This effect was associated with the appearance of immunologically detectable protein kinase C as well as the activity of the enzyme as analyzed either by binding of [3H]phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate in intact cells or by in vitro kinase activity.	Phorbol Esters	126-140	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	83-86
2111442-1	1990	The interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter is rapidly and transiently activated with other cytokines, including IL-1, tumor necrosis factor, and platelet-derived growth factor, as well as phorbol esters and agents that increase intracellular cyclic AMP.	Phorbol Esters	179-193	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	4-17
2111442-1	1990	The interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter is rapidly and transiently activated with other cytokines, including IL-1, tumor necrosis factor, and platelet-derived growth factor, as well as phorbol esters and agents that increase intracellular cyclic AMP.	Phorbol Esters	179-193	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	19-23
2111989-3	1990	In this report we show, that TGF beta 1 induces the expression of the immediate early genes c-jun and jun B, that encode trans-acting factors regulating transcription of a variety of genes in response to growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	223-237	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	29-39
2341388-4	1990	We sought to investigate whether bradykinin- and phorbol ester-stimulated AA release in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was correlated with differential activation of PKC isoforms.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	protein kinase C alpha	Canis lupus familiaris	174-177
2111989-3	1990	In this report we show, that TGF beta 1 induces the expression of the immediate early genes c-jun and jun B, that encode trans-acting factors regulating transcription of a variety of genes in response to growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	223-237	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	92-97
2111989-3	1990	In this report we show, that TGF beta 1 induces the expression of the immediate early genes c-jun and jun B, that encode trans-acting factors regulating transcription of a variety of genes in response to growth factors and phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	223-237	jun B proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	102-107
2111989-7	1990	These results show that the early genomic responses to TGF beta 1 resemble changes in gene expression induced by serum, growth factors and phorbol esters, suggesting common mechanisms of transcriptional activation.	Phorbol Esters	139-153	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	55-65
2189400-0	1990	The phorbol ester TPA induces a translocation of the insulin sensitive glucose carrier (GLUT4) in fat cells.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
2161760-10	1990	These data suggest that Man6P, growth factors and activation of protein kinase C by phorbol esters and diacylglycerols modulate Man6P/IGF-II receptor cell-surface binding by at least two independent mechanisms, receptor redistribution as well as an increase of binding affinity, which might be involved in regulation of endocytosis of ligands.	Phorbol Esters	84-98	insulin like growth factor 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	128-149
2189400-3	1990	In order to determine whether this phorbol ester effect occurs through a translocation of the insulin sensitive glucose carrier (GLUT4) we used a monoclonal antibody against GLUT4 to determine its distribution in subcellular fractions of rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	129-134
2189400-3	1990	In order to determine whether this phorbol ester effect occurs through a translocation of the insulin sensitive glucose carrier (GLUT4) we used a monoclonal antibody against GLUT4 to determine its distribution in subcellular fractions of rat adipocytes.	Phorbol Esters	35-48	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	174-179
2189400-4	1990	We found that the phorbol ester TPA is able to increase the amount of GLUT4 in the plasma membrane fraction about two-fold.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
2159460-5	1990	Both phorbol ester- and cytokine-stimulated ingestion of IgG-opsonized targets and superoxide anion production were inhibited by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors TFP and H7.	Phorbol Esters	5-18	inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase pseudogene	Homo sapiens	167-170
2110502-0	1990	Phorbol esters induce changes in adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase messenger RNA levels in human leukemic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	33-52
2110502-0	1990	Phorbol esters induce changes in adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase messenger RNA levels in human leukemic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	54-85
2186042-8	1990	In addition, NF kappa B was TNF-inducible in Jurkat cells depleted for PK-C by long-term exposure to high dose phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	13-23
2110502-0	1990	Phorbol esters induce changes in adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase messenger RNA levels in human leukemic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	91-128
2110502-2	1990	Incubation of leukemic cells in the presence of the phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, resulted in reduction of ADA and TdT mRNA levels, while PNP mRNA levels increased under the same treatment.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	160-163
2110502-2	1990	Incubation of leukemic cells in the presence of the phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, resulted in reduction of ADA and TdT mRNA levels, while PNP mRNA levels increased under the same treatment.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	168-171
2110502-2	1990	Incubation of leukemic cells in the presence of the phorbol esters, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate or phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, resulted in reduction of ADA and TdT mRNA levels, while PNP mRNA levels increased under the same treatment.	Phorbol Esters	52-66	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	191-194
2110502-5	1990	In contrast, PNP activity increased up to 200% after 12 h of incubation with the phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	81-94	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	13-16
2110502-6	1990	The changes induced by the phorbol esters in the levels of mRNA of ADA, PNP, and TdT, and their enzyme activities in human leukemic cell lines mimic the changes in the activities of these enzymes in developing T-lymphocytes during differentiation in vivo, suggesting a role for protein kinase C in the regulation of ADA, PNP, and TdT gene expression during lymphoid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	67-70
2110502-6	1990	The changes induced by the phorbol esters in the levels of mRNA of ADA, PNP, and TdT, and their enzyme activities in human leukemic cell lines mimic the changes in the activities of these enzymes in developing T-lymphocytes during differentiation in vivo, suggesting a role for protein kinase C in the regulation of ADA, PNP, and TdT gene expression during lymphoid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	72-75
2110502-6	1990	The changes induced by the phorbol esters in the levels of mRNA of ADA, PNP, and TdT, and their enzyme activities in human leukemic cell lines mimic the changes in the activities of these enzymes in developing T-lymphocytes during differentiation in vivo, suggesting a role for protein kinase C in the regulation of ADA, PNP, and TdT gene expression during lymphoid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	81-84
2110502-6	1990	The changes induced by the phorbol esters in the levels of mRNA of ADA, PNP, and TdT, and their enzyme activities in human leukemic cell lines mimic the changes in the activities of these enzymes in developing T-lymphocytes during differentiation in vivo, suggesting a role for protein kinase C in the regulation of ADA, PNP, and TdT gene expression during lymphoid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	adenosine deaminase	Homo sapiens	316-319
2110502-6	1990	The changes induced by the phorbol esters in the levels of mRNA of ADA, PNP, and TdT, and their enzyme activities in human leukemic cell lines mimic the changes in the activities of these enzymes in developing T-lymphocytes during differentiation in vivo, suggesting a role for protein kinase C in the regulation of ADA, PNP, and TdT gene expression during lymphoid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	321-324
2110502-6	1990	The changes induced by the phorbol esters in the levels of mRNA of ADA, PNP, and TdT, and their enzyme activities in human leukemic cell lines mimic the changes in the activities of these enzymes in developing T-lymphocytes during differentiation in vivo, suggesting a role for protein kinase C in the regulation of ADA, PNP, and TdT gene expression during lymphoid cell differentiation.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	330-333
2112750-2	1990	NAC, which replenishes intracellular glutathione, effectively inhibits the tumor necrosis factor alpha- or phorbol ester-stimulated replication of HIV in acutely infected cell cultures.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	0-3
2186042-8	1990	In addition, NF kappa B was TNF-inducible in Jurkat cells depleted for PK-C by long-term exposure to high dose phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	28-31
2186042-8	1990	In addition, NF kappa B was TNF-inducible in Jurkat cells depleted for PK-C by long-term exposure to high dose phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-75
2335502-5	1990	The factor in the soluble fraction that activated the membrane-associated oxidase was demonstrated to be protein kinase C (PKC) by several criteria, including its Ca2+/phophatidylserine/diacyl-glycerol-stimulated histone kinase activity, its response to phorbol ester, its inhibition by a PKC pseudosubstrate peptide, and its replacement by purified mammalian PKC.	Phorbol Esters	254-267	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	105-121
2185243-4	1990	PKC-epsilon is dependent upon phospholipid and diacylglycerol (or phorbol esters) for activity and displays a pattern of specificity for these effectors similar to other PKC isotypes.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	0-11
2335502-5	1990	The factor in the soluble fraction that activated the membrane-associated oxidase was demonstrated to be protein kinase C (PKC) by several criteria, including its Ca2+/phophatidylserine/diacyl-glycerol-stimulated histone kinase activity, its response to phorbol ester, its inhibition by a PKC pseudosubstrate peptide, and its replacement by purified mammalian PKC.	Phorbol Esters	254-267	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	123-126
1970571-6	1990	The basal phosphorylation of P150 observed in 32P-labeled cells was increased 2-fold by phorbol ester (PMA) treatment and reduced 30% by treatment with the isoquinolinsulfonamide H-7.	Phorbol Esters	88-101	chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit A	Homo sapiens	29-33
2186928-2	1990	By using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence method and phorbol ester binding, NGF was found to induce PKC translocation from the cytoplasm into the cell membrane.	Phorbol Esters	55-68	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
2344355-0	1990	Modulation of phospholipase A2 activity by the tumour promoters phorbol esters and teleocidin.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	14-30
2344355-1	1990	The effects of tumour promoters, namely phorbol esters and teleocidin, on the activity of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was investigated by using a system of small unilamellar vesicles composed of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC).	Phorbol Esters	40-54	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	109-125
2344355-1	1990	The effects of tumour promoters, namely phorbol esters and teleocidin, on the activity of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was investigated by using a system of small unilamellar vesicles composed of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC).	Phorbol Esters	40-54	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	127-131
2334740-0	1990	Interactive regulation of signalling pathways in bone cells: possible modulation of PGE2-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity by protein kinase C. We have reported previously that tumour-promoting phorbol esters modulate both basal and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity in GH3 (an established pituitary cell line).	Phorbol Esters	197-211	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	271-274
2185243-4	1990	PKC-epsilon is dependent upon phospholipid and diacylglycerol (or phorbol esters) for activity and displays a pattern of specificity for these effectors similar to other PKC isotypes.	Phorbol Esters	66-80	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	0-3
1691932-4	1990	Accelerated turnover of the human CSF-1 receptor was observed in response to CSF-1 and phorbol esters, but not after stimulation with IL-3 or bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	34-48
2110813-2	1990	Tonsil B-cells responded to phorbol ester (TPA) by an increased beta 2m production rate, which was further enhanced by the combined stimuli of TPA plus the calcium ionophore A23187.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	64-71
1691932-4	1990	Accelerated turnover of the human CSF-1 receptor was observed in response to CSF-1 and phorbol esters, but not after stimulation with IL-3 or bacterial lipopolysaccharide.	Phorbol Esters	87-101	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
1694132-4	1990	Treatment with direct activators of protein kinase C (PKC), the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or the natural agent bryostatin 1 (Bryo), caused increased CD5 mRNA expression after 8-16 h of incubation.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	CD5 molecule	Homo sapiens	175-178
1692028-5	1990	Upon exposure to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the amount of both vimentin and cytokeratin appeared to be greatly increased within 3 days and was found both in dispersed cytoplasmic fibrils, in large spherical, eccentric aggregates, as well as in cytoplasmic fibrils in cells spreading on fibronectin.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	vimentin	Homo sapiens	98-106
2113479-4	1990	Constitutive production of IL 6 in early passage lines could be enhanced by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and recombinant (r)IL 4 but not by rIL 1 alpha or rIL 1 beta.	Phorbol Esters	80-93	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
2141572-1	1990	We studied the effect of staurosporine, a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) activity, on the phorbol ester- or monoclonal antibody (mAb)-induced modulation of CD3 and CD4 surface antigens.	Phorbol Esters	102-115	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	176-179
1969850-0	1990	Phorbol esters enhance the cyclic GMP response of T84 cells to the heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (STa).	Phorbol Esters	0-14	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	34-37
1969850-2	1990	Our results demonstrate that the active phorbol ester analog, phorbol dibutyrate, but not the inactive alpha-phorbol dibutyrate, acts synergistically with STa to elevate cyclic GMP in intact T84 cells.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II	Homo sapiens	177-180
1692028-5	1990	Upon exposure to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the amount of both vimentin and cytokeratin appeared to be greatly increased within 3 days and was found both in dispersed cytoplasmic fibrils, in large spherical, eccentric aggregates, as well as in cytoplasmic fibrils in cells spreading on fibronectin.	Phorbol Esters	21-34	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	321-332
2142376-8	1990	Preincubation of cells with IL-1, retinoic acid, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), or phorbol ester caused a reduction in apparent receptor numbers per cell, while preincubation with epidermal growth factor (EGF), dexamethasone, or parathyroid hormone (PTH) increased receptor numbers per cell.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	parathyroid hormone	Mus musculus	242-261
2142376-8	1990	Preincubation of cells with IL-1, retinoic acid, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), or phorbol ester caused a reduction in apparent receptor numbers per cell, while preincubation with epidermal growth factor (EGF), dexamethasone, or parathyroid hormone (PTH) increased receptor numbers per cell.	Phorbol Esters	96-109	parathyroid hormone	Mus musculus	263-266
2347877-4	1990	Among the stimuli effective in inducing the expression of PFP, SE-1, and SE-2 were recombinant interleukin-2, the lectin concanavalin A in the presence of phorbol esters, and allogeneic cells in mixed lymphocyte cultures.	Phorbol Esters	155-169	perforin 1 (pore forming protein)	Mus musculus	58-61
2197289-5	1990	As in erythrocytes, the phosphorylation of fibroblast alpha-adducin is elevated on exposure of cells to phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C (PK-C).	Phorbol Esters	104-118	adducin 1	Homo sapiens	54-67
2197289-5	1990	As in erythrocytes, the phosphorylation of fibroblast alpha-adducin is elevated on exposure of cells to phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C (PK-C).	Phorbol Esters	104-118	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	133-149
2197289-5	1990	As in erythrocytes, the phosphorylation of fibroblast alpha-adducin is elevated on exposure of cells to phorbol esters that activate protein kinase C (PK-C).	Phorbol Esters	104-118	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	151-155
2159060-0	1990	Protein kinase C-dependent and -independent effects of phorbol esters on hippocampal calcium channel current.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	Prkca	Cavia porcellus	0-16
2325648-0	1990	Abnormal protein kinase C down regulation and reduced substrate levels in non-phorbol ester-responsive 3T3-TNR9 cells.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	tenascin R	Mus musculus	107-110
2183031-2	1990	We found that a fragment of the IL-6 promoter containing the site specifically binds highly purified NF-kappa B protein and the NF-kappa B protein in nuclear extracts of phorbol ester-induced Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	32-36
2183031-2	1990	We found that a fragment of the IL-6 promoter containing the site specifically binds highly purified NF-kappa B protein and the NF-kappa B protein in nuclear extracts of phorbol ester-induced Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	101-111
2138506-1	1990	Phorbol ester-induced promotion of initiated NMRI mouse skin keratinocytes to papillomas could be largely prevented when nicotinamide-like inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (nicotinamide, benzamide, 3-aminobenzamide) were applied simultaneously with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	0-13	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	153-179
2183031-2	1990	We found that a fragment of the IL-6 promoter containing the site specifically binds highly purified NF-kappa B protein and the NF-kappa B protein in nuclear extracts of phorbol ester-induced Jurkat cells.	Phorbol Esters	170-183	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	128-138
1970444-0	1990	The phorbol ester TPA strongly inhibits HIV-1-induced syncytia formation but enhances virus production: possible involvement of protein kinase C pathway.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	128-144
2109010-2	1990	The mechanisms of phorbol ester-induced down modulation of CD4 molecules, however, have not been elucidated.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	59-62
2138520-6	1990	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, TPA, rendered TNF-sensitive and -insensitive EL4 cells resistant to M phi-mediated lysis.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	47-50
2138520-6	1990	A tumor-promoting phorbol ester, TPA, rendered TNF-sensitive and -insensitive EL4 cells resistant to M phi-mediated lysis.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	78-81
2138916-1	1990	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol ester treatment on the binding of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) to specific cell surface receptors was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	72-90
2318854-2	1990	A protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) cDNA confers increased phorbol ester binding activity to intact cells when transiently expressed in COS cells or expressed stably in transfected rat 3Y1 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	2-24
2318854-2	1990	A protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha) cDNA confers increased phorbol ester binding activity to intact cells when transiently expressed in COS cells or expressed stably in transfected rat 3Y1 fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	60-73	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	26-35
2318854-3	1990	A point mutant (PKC alpha K----R) of PKC alpha, where Lys368 at the putative ATP-binding site is replaced with Arg, confers enhanced phorbol ester binding activity to both transiently and stably expressed COS and 3Y1 cells, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	16-25
2318854-3	1990	A point mutant (PKC alpha K----R) of PKC alpha, where Lys368 at the putative ATP-binding site is replaced with Arg, confers enhanced phorbol ester binding activity to both transiently and stably expressed COS and 3Y1 cells, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	133-146	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	37-46
2318854-4	1990	Like endogenous and exogenously expressed wild type PKC alpha, the mutant PKC alpha K----R is translocated from the cytosol to the particulate fraction when cells are treated with a phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	182-195	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	74-83
2138916-1	1990	The effect of tumor-promoting phorbol ester treatment on the binding of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) to specific cell surface receptors was investigated.	Phorbol Esters	30-43	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	92-101
2157987-4	1990	Activation of cells by various agents, notably the phorbol esters that stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), leads to dissociation in vivo of the NF-kappa B/I kappa B complex and migration of NF-kappa B to the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	99-102
2138916-2	1990	A 1 h exposure of Raji human B lymphoma cells with the protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu), reduced IL-1 beta binding by up to 90% of control cells.	Phorbol Esters	83-96	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	133-142
2333947-2	1990	Previously, PKC-activating phorbol esters were shown to increase the specific binding of 125I-ANG II in neuronal cultures.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
2157987-4	1990	Activation of cells by various agents, notably the phorbol esters that stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), leads to dissociation in vivo of the NF-kappa B/I kappa B complex and migration of NF-kappa B to the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	142-152
2157987-4	1990	Activation of cells by various agents, notably the phorbol esters that stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), leads to dissociation in vivo of the NF-kappa B/I kappa B complex and migration of NF-kappa B to the nucleus.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	188-198
2333947-2	1990	Previously, PKC-activating phorbol esters were shown to increase the specific binding of 125I-ANG II in neuronal cultures.	Phorbol Esters	27-41	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	94-100
2333947-3	1990	However, phorbol esters have many biological effects, which may nonspecifically act to increase 125I-ANG II-specific binding.	Phorbol Esters	9-23	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	101-107
2333947-4	1990	In the present study, mezerein and teleocidin A, two activators of PKC that are chemically unrelated to phorbol esters, increased the specific binding of 125I-ANG II in a dose- and time-dependent manner with 50% effective dose (ED50) values of 32 and 79 nM, respectively.	Phorbol Esters	104-118	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	159-165
2333947-5	1990	The PKC antagonist H-7 dose dependently inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II binding, whereas downregulation of PKC activity by chronic phorbol ester incubations of 24 and 48 h prevented TPA-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II-specific binding.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
2333947-5	1990	The PKC antagonist H-7 dose dependently inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II binding, whereas downregulation of PKC activity by chronic phorbol ester incubations of 24 and 48 h prevented TPA-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II-specific binding.	Phorbol Esters	183-196	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	159-162
2156717-3	1990	After treatment with the phorbol ester PMA, the resulting adherent cell population was very heterogeneous with respect to both cellular morphology and u-PA binding.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	151-155
1971792-0	1990	CD4+CD8+ thymocytes are susceptible to DNA fragmentation induced by phorbol ester, calcium ionophore and anti-CD3 antibody.	Phorbol Esters	68-81	CD4 antigen	Mus musculus	0-3
2140787-6	1990	In addition, anti-IL2 receptor antibodies inhibited FG 1/6 plus phorbol ester-induced proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	64-77	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
2158543-8	1990	Decreasing the proportion of beta-1 adrenergic receptors and concomitantly increasing beta-2 adrenergic receptors with either glucocorticoids or butyrate decreased the ability of phorbol ester pretreatment to attenuate cAMP accumulation by isoproterenol.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	hemoglobin, beta adult major chain	Mus musculus	29-35
2140792-3	1990	It is shown here that beta-endorphin can modulate the phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation of the gamma chain of the CD3 complex.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	22-36
2138599-4	1990	Activation with phorbol ester led to minor increases in reactivity with CD45 and CD45R antibodies and led to a weak reactivity with UCHL1.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	72-76
2138599-4	1990	Activation with phorbol ester led to minor increases in reactivity with CD45 and CD45R antibodies and led to a weak reactivity with UCHL1.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C	Homo sapiens	81-86
2138599-4	1990	Activation with phorbol ester led to minor increases in reactivity with CD45 and CD45R antibodies and led to a weak reactivity with UCHL1.	Phorbol Esters	16-29	ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1	Homo sapiens	132-137
2156927-3	1990	Binding studies with [3H]phorbol dibutyrate (PBt2) on whole cells revealed rapid and transient activation of PKC in Jurkat, K562, and U937 cells with a maximum of phorbol ester binding at 6 min after TNF treatment.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	109-112
2156927-3	1990	Binding studies with [3H]phorbol dibutyrate (PBt2) on whole cells revealed rapid and transient activation of PKC in Jurkat, K562, and U937 cells with a maximum of phorbol ester binding at 6 min after TNF treatment.	Phorbol Esters	163-176	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	200-203
2156927-4	1990	As shown by Scatchard analysis, the TNF-induced increase of [3H]PBt2 binding reflected increments of phorbol ester binding site numbers rather than greater binding affinities.	Phorbol Esters	101-114	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	36-39
2232631-7	1990	From kinetic studies, the cleavage of PKC subspecies with calpain I, and to a lesser extent, with calpain II (active in the millimolar range of Ca2+), was remarkably enhanced by the simultaneous presence of phospholipid and diacylglycerol or phorbol ester, suggesting that the active forms of PKC subspecies were the preferred targets for proteolysis.	Phorbol Esters	242-255	calpain 2	Rattus norvegicus	98-108
2108316-6	1990	Interestingly, expression of MBP-1 mRNA was inducible by mitogen and phorbol ester treatment of Jurkat T cells and by serum treatment of confluent serum-deprived human fibroblasts.	Phorbol Esters	69-82	HIVEP zinc finger 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
2259391-5	1990	In the presence of the concentration of either phorbol ester (PMA, 0.1 mumol/l, PDB 1 mumol/l), that was supramaximal for increasing the release of noradrenaline, NPY (0.3 mumol/l) significantly inhibited the release of noradrenaline.	Phorbol Esters	47-60	neuropeptide Y	Mus musculus	163-166
2157204-2	1990	Desensitization of protein kinase C (PKC) by pretreatment with phorbol ester [phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate (TPA)] for 8 hr abolished the secretion induced by TPA as well as the enhancement of TPA-induced beta-endorphin release produced by IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	212-226
2157204-2	1990	Desensitization of protein kinase C (PKC) by pretreatment with phorbol ester [phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate (TPA)] for 8 hr abolished the secretion induced by TPA as well as the enhancement of TPA-induced beta-endorphin release produced by IL-1.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	interleukin 1 complex	Mus musculus	247-251
2180732-7	1990	Two Pgp-1-positive thymomas that did not bind hyaluronic acid were induced by phorbol ester to bind hyaluronic acid with the same specificity as other hyaluronic acid-binding lines.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	4-9
2111328-1	1990	Transcription factor AP-1 mediates induction of a set of genes in response to the phorbol ester tumor promoter TPA.	Phorbol Esters	82-95	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	21-25
1963081-6	1990	Differentiation also converts c-jun from being refractory to phorbol esters to a highly inducible state.	Phorbol Esters	61-75	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	30-35
1963081-8	1990	By contrast, the induction of c-fos by phorbol esters or cAMP is greatly diminished after RA treatment.	Phorbol Esters	39-53	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	30-35
1963081-11	1990	Furthermore, these results demonstrate that AP1 activity can be stimulated by phorbol ester without concomitant c-fos induction.	Phorbol Esters	78-91	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	44-47
2138707-1	1990	Proto-oncogene products c-Fos and c-Jun form a complex which binds with high affinity to the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) response DNA element and which stimulates transcription of phorbol ester- inducible genes.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	24-29
2138707-1	1990	Proto-oncogene products c-Fos and c-Jun form a complex which binds with high affinity to the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) response DNA element and which stimulates transcription of phorbol ester- inducible genes.	Phorbol Esters	195-208	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	34-39
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	activating transcription factor 2	Mus musculus	56-60
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	70-75
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	81-86
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	activating transcription factor 2	Mus musculus	113-117
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	118-123
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	127-132
2138707-9	1990	These results suggest that changes in the expression of mXBP/CRE-BP2, c-Fos, and c-Jun, which alter the ratio of mXBP-c-Jun to c-Fos-c-Jun complexes, would affect the relative expression of cyclic AMP and phorbol ester-responsive genes.	Phorbol Esters	205-218	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	118-123
2158543-8	1990	Decreasing the proportion of beta-1 adrenergic receptors and concomitantly increasing beta-2 adrenergic receptors with either glucocorticoids or butyrate decreased the ability of phorbol ester pretreatment to attenuate cAMP accumulation by isoproterenol.	Phorbol Esters	179-192	hemoglobin, beta adult minor chain	Mus musculus	86-92
2303467-5	1990	eIF-4E phosphorylation was elevated by 1 h following serum activation and reached a peak by 3-5 h. Treatment of resting cells with phorbol ester also simultaneously stimulated eIF-4E phosphorylation and the movement of L32 mRNA into polysomes.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Homo sapiens	0-6
1968462-1	1990	Coordinate regulation of the mRNAs for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	farnesyl diphosphate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	39-72
1968462-1	1990	Coordinate regulation of the mRNAs for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	74-121
1968462-6	1990	Treatment of the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 with phorbol esters led to 2--7-fold increases in mRNA concentrations for the three cholesterogenic enzymes, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and HMG-CoA synthase within 5 h. Immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled cells demonstrated that there was a corresponding increase in the rate of synthesis of all three proteins.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	farnesyl diphosphate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	167-200
1968462-6	1990	Treatment of the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 with phorbol esters led to 2--7-fold increases in mRNA concentrations for the three cholesterogenic enzymes, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and HMG-CoA synthase within 5 h. Immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled cells demonstrated that there was a corresponding increase in the rate of synthesis of all three proteins.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	202-259
1968462-8	1990	Treatment of cells with phorbol esters and cycloheximide resulted in superinduction of all three mRNAs; HMG-CoA synthase mRNA levels increased 35-fold, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase 17-fold, and HMG-CoA reductase 16-fold 5 h after treatment.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	farnesyl diphosphate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	152-185
1968462-8	1990	Treatment of cells with phorbol esters and cycloheximide resulted in superinduction of all three mRNAs; HMG-CoA synthase mRNA levels increased 35-fold, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase 17-fold, and HMG-CoA reductase 16-fold 5 h after treatment.	Phorbol Esters	24-38	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Homo sapiens	199-216
2303467-5	1990	eIF-4E phosphorylation was elevated by 1 h following serum activation and reached a peak by 3-5 h. Treatment of resting cells with phorbol ester also simultaneously stimulated eIF-4E phosphorylation and the movement of L32 mRNA into polysomes.	Phorbol Esters	131-144	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E	Mus musculus	176-182
2109710-6	1990	The decrease in total PKC activity was accompanied by an increase in Ca2+, phosphatidylserine (PS), diacylglycerol (DG)-insensitive activity suggesting the release of a portion of the catalytic domain of PKC (M-kinase) by the phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
2158466-5	1990	Activation of protein kinase C by a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) increased progesterone receptor levels to a similar extent as EGF or estradiol.	Phorbol Esters	36-49	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	99-120
2109710-6	1990	The decrease in total PKC activity was accompanied by an increase in Ca2+, phosphatidylserine (PS), diacylglycerol (DG)-insensitive activity suggesting the release of a portion of the catalytic domain of PKC (M-kinase) by the phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	226-239	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	204-207
2161754-3	1990	DAG, a product of phospholipase C (PLC)-catalyzed breakdown of phosphoinositides, stimulates protein kinase C. Ca2+ ionophores and phorbol esters (or DAG analogues) elicit a synergistic secretory response in the exocrine pancreas and parotid gland.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	18-33
2161754-3	1990	DAG, a product of phospholipase C (PLC)-catalyzed breakdown of phosphoinositides, stimulates protein kinase C. Ca2+ ionophores and phorbol esters (or DAG analogues) elicit a synergistic secretory response in the exocrine pancreas and parotid gland.	Phorbol Esters	131-145	LOC100009319	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-38
1968888-4	1990	In each case, however, stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol ester (PMA) abolished CD11/CD18-independent adherence to LPS-pretreated HEC (less than 5% adherence).	Phorbol Esters	55-68	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	90-94
2318252-9	1990	By contrast, TNF strongly increased the membrane level of CD25 and to a lesser extent that of the activation antigen, 4F2, over the levels already induced by phorbol esters on T cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-172	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	58-62
2318252-2	1990	TNF was strongly co-mitogenic with low doses of anti-CD3 antibodies or phorbol esters (those which are strong activators of protein kinase C, PKC) but poorly with phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2318252-4	1990	TNF was co-mitogenic with several phorbol esters known to activate PKC but was uneffective with inactive phorbol esters such as methyl-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	34-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2318252-4	1990	TNF was co-mitogenic with several phorbol esters known to activate PKC but was uneffective with inactive phorbol esters such as methyl-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.	Phorbol Esters	105-119	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
2318252-9	1990	By contrast, TNF strongly increased the membrane level of CD25 and to a lesser extent that of the activation antigen, 4F2, over the levels already induced by phorbol esters on T cells.	Phorbol Esters	158-172	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	13-16
1968888-0	1990	Phorbol ester causes down-regulation of CD11/CD18-independent neutrophil adherence to endothelium.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	45-49
1968888-8	1990	We conclude that stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol ester or other direct agonists down-regulates the CD11/CD18-independent mechanism of neutrophil adherence to IL-1, TNF- or LPS-pretreated HEC.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	lymphotoxin beta receptor	Homo sapiens	112-116
2312171-1	1990	Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemic cells was found to be preceded by a rapid transient induction in expression of the c-jun proto-oncogene, which paralleled that of c-fos.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	162-167
2312171-1	1990	Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of human B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemic cells was found to be preceded by a rapid transient induction in expression of the c-jun proto-oncogene, which paralleled that of c-fos.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	209-214
1968888-8	1990	We conclude that stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol ester or other direct agonists down-regulates the CD11/CD18-independent mechanism of neutrophil adherence to IL-1, TNF- or LPS-pretreated HEC.	Phorbol Esters	49-62	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	172-175
2138160-0	1990	Phorbol ester regulation of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, proliferation, and TcR alpha in a pre-T cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	28-65
2138160-0	1990	Phorbol ester regulation of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, proliferation, and TcR alpha in a pre-T cell line.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	T cell receptor alpha constant	Homo sapiens	86-95
2154605-0	1990	Identification of phorbol ester response elements in the promoter of Epstein-Barr virus putative lytic switch gene BZLF1.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	115-120
2155923-8	1990	Quantitative analyses suggested that approximately 10% of total cellular p47 and p67 became membrane-associated during phorbol ester activation of the oxidase.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	73-76
2155923-8	1990	Quantitative analyses suggested that approximately 10% of total cellular p47 and p67 became membrane-associated during phorbol ester activation of the oxidase.	Phorbol Esters	119-132	CD33 molecule	Homo sapiens	81-84
1974593-3	1990	The ability of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and the calcium ionophore, A23187, in co-stimulation with PHA, to enhance the IL-2 secretion, IL-2R expression and 3H thymidine incorporation were studied in the PBMC of colorectal cancer patients.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	151-155
1974593-3	1990	The ability of the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and the calcium ionophore, A23187, in co-stimulation with PHA, to enhance the IL-2 secretion, IL-2R expression and 3H thymidine incorporation were studied in the PBMC of colorectal cancer patients.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	167-172
2154606-4	1990	64:1217-1226, 1990), the promoter for the BZLF1 gene (Zp) contains two distinct types of elements (ZI and ZII [an AP-1-like domain]) which are responsive to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an inducer of the viral lytic cycle.	Phorbol Esters	161-174	protein Zta	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	42-47
2319459-2	1990	In this study, we assessed the relative contribution of CA(++)-dependent and independent pathways in mediating phorbol ester-induced 20 kdalton myosin light chain (MLC)-phosphorylation and force in medial smooth muscle strips from swine carotid artery.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	myosin light chain 1	Sus scrofa	144-162
2319459-2	1990	In this study, we assessed the relative contribution of CA(++)-dependent and independent pathways in mediating phorbol ester-induced 20 kdalton myosin light chain (MLC)-phosphorylation and force in medial smooth muscle strips from swine carotid artery.	Phorbol Esters	111-124	myosin light chain 1	Sus scrofa	164-167
2107490-6	1990	Transcription of the fos, fra-1 and fra-2 genes was induced by phorbol ester (TPA) stimulation of U937 human monocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	21-24
2160601-0	1990	Transcriptional regulation of the neuropeptide Y gene by nerve growth factor: antagonism by glucocorticoids and potentiation by adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	34-48
2160601-0	1990	Transcriptional regulation of the neuropeptide Y gene by nerve growth factor: antagonism by glucocorticoids and potentiation by adenosine 3",5"-monophosphate and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	162-175	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	57-76
2107490-6	1990	Transcription of the fos, fra-1 and fra-2 genes was induced by phorbol ester (TPA) stimulation of U937 human monocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	26-31
2107490-6	1990	Transcription of the fos, fra-1 and fra-2 genes was induced by phorbol ester (TPA) stimulation of U937 human monocytic cells.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	FOS like 2, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	36-41
2154481-0	1990	Phorbol ester mimics ACTH action in corticoadrenal cells stimulating steroidogenesis, blocking cell cycle, changing cell shape, and inducing c-fos proto-oncogene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	21-25
2320954-1	1990	The calcium ionophore ionomycin and the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) are shown to have a synergistic effect upon interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, interleukin 2 receptor expression, and T-lymphocyte proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	130-143
2320954-1	1990	The calcium ionophore ionomycin and the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) are shown to have a synergistic effect upon interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, interleukin 2 receptor expression, and T-lymphocyte proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	145-149
2320954-1	1990	The calcium ionophore ionomycin and the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) are shown to have a synergistic effect upon interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, interleukin 2 receptor expression, and T-lymphocyte proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	163-176
2105948-8	1990	In contrast, the inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine phosphorylation caused by phorbol ester was not observed for any of the mutated EGF receptors that lacked Thr654.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	31-43
2105946-1	1990	AP-1, the polypeptide product of c-jun, recognizes and binds to specific DNA sequences and stimulates transcription of genes responsive to certain growth factors and phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).	Phorbol Esters	166-180	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	33-38
2105948-9	1990	These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the phosphorylation of the EGF receptor at Thr654 is required for the inhibition of the receptor tyrosine protein kinase activity caused by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	191-204	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	78-90
2154481-0	1990	Phorbol ester mimics ACTH action in corticoadrenal cells stimulating steroidogenesis, blocking cell cycle, changing cell shape, and inducing c-fos proto-oncogene expression.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	141-146
2105948-10	1990	Investigation of the apparent affinity of the EGF receptor demonstrated that treatment with phorbol ester caused an inhibition of the high affinity binding of 125I-EGF to cells expressing wild-type EGF receptors and each of the mutated EGF receptors examined.	Phorbol Esters	92-105	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	46-58
2105948-3	1990	Phosphorylation of the EGF receptor is increased at these sites in cells treated with platelet-derived growth factor or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	23-35
2154481-2	1990	We here report that the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) mimics all ACTH-specific effects in Y-1 cells, namely: (a) steroid-ogenesis stimulation, (b) cell cycle block, and (c) cell shape change.	Phorbol Esters	24-37	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	87-91
2105948-7	1990	Analysis of the regulation of the EGF receptor tyrosine protein kinase activity demonstrated that phorbol ester caused an inhibition of the tyrosine phosphorylation of wild-type receptors and receptors lacking Thr669, Ser1046, or Ser1047.	Phorbol Esters	98-111	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	34-46
2110001-0	1990	Threonine 1336 of the human insulin receptor is a major target for phosphorylation by protein kinase C. The ability of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to inhibit both insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and its intracellular signaling correlates with the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor beta subunit on serine and threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	135-151	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
1689464-7	1990	Within minutes after stimulation with phorbol esters or histamine, human endothelial cells become adhesive for neutrophils; this interaction is inhibited by antibodies to GMP-140.	Phorbol Esters	38-52	selectin P	Homo sapiens	171-178
2156229-3	1990	We show here, that in CaSki cells, which contain HPV-16 genomes, P97 is also inducible by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	90-104	gem nuclear organelle associated protein 4	Homo sapiens	65-68
2110001-0	1990	Threonine 1336 of the human insulin receptor is a major target for phosphorylation by protein kinase C. The ability of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to inhibit both insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and its intracellular signaling correlates with the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor beta subunit on serine and threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	135-151	insulin receptor	Homo sapiens	28-44
2110001-0	1990	Threonine 1336 of the human insulin receptor is a major target for phosphorylation by protein kinase C. The ability of tumor-promoting phorbol diesters to inhibit both insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and its intracellular signaling correlates with the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor beta subunit on serine and threonine residues.	Phorbol Esters	135-151	insulin	Homo sapiens	168-175
2303424-7	1990	These findings show that phosphorylation of LC20 by protein kinase C in glycerinated muscles to levels at least 40 times higher than those present during contraction of intact, phorbol ester-stimulated muscles does not activate contraction nor does it significantly modify the contraction of smooth muscle which occurs in response to the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of Ser19 by myosin light chain kinase.	Phorbol Esters	177-190	myosin light chain 9	Homo sapiens	44-48
2323487-0	1990	Epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester regulate prolactin gene expression via distinct pathways.	Phorbol Esters	28-41	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	51-60
2157618-6	1990	This effect can only partially be mimicked by a phorbol ester suggesting that intracellular calcium itself may play a major role in the control of IGF-I BP secretion.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	147-152
2298741-1	1990	Binding to, and activation of, protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester (PE) tumor promoters may underlie their tumor-promoting activity.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	49-52
2105315-10	1990	At the same position as the cAMP-responsive element in the rat gene, the mouse and human tPA genes have a 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-responsive element known to mediate activation by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	193-207	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	89-92
2298741-1	1990	Binding to, and activation of, protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester (PE) tumor promoters may underlie their tumor-promoting activity.	Phorbol Esters	72-74	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	49-52
2298741-2	1990	To study the effects of long-term PE treatment on regulation of cellular PKC, we adapted the human leukemic T cell line, Jurkat (JK), to continuous growth in the presence of PE.	Phorbol Esters	34-36	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	73-76
2317454-0	1990	P47 phosphoprotein of blood platelets (pleckstrin) is a major target for phorbol ester-induced protein phosphorylation in intact platelets, granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and cultured leukaemic cells: absence of P47 in non-haematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	0-3
2105107-3	1990	In contrast, both IL-1 and TNF-alpha modulated vWf release in response to thrombin or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	18-22
2105107-3	1990	In contrast, both IL-1 and TNF-alpha modulated vWf release in response to thrombin or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	27-36
2105107-3	1990	In contrast, both IL-1 and TNF-alpha modulated vWf release in response to thrombin or phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	von Willebrand factor	Homo sapiens	47-50
1688732-4	1990	Staurosporine also antagonizes the inhibition of high affinity EGF binding and the increase in phosphorylation state of the unstimulated EGF receptor by phorbol esters and the calcium ionophore A23187.	Phorbol Esters	153-167	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	137-149
2306208-1	1990	Hormonal and phorbol ester pretreatment of pancreatic acinar cells markedly decreases the Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced release of actively stored Ca2+ [Willems, Van Den Broek, Van Os & De Pont (1989) J. Biol.	Phorbol Esters	13-26	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	138-141
2317454-5	1990	The presence of P47 in other haematopoietic cells was determined by prelabelling them with 32P and observing increased 32P incorporation into the location of P47 on autoradiographs of 16-BAC----SDS analytical PAGE of cells exposed to phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	234-247	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	16-19
2317454-10	1990	We conclude that P47 is a major target for the action of phorbol ester induced phosphorylation in platelets, normal leucocytes and some haematopoietic cell lines.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	17-20
2317454-0	1990	P47 phosphoprotein of blood platelets (pleckstrin) is a major target for phorbol ester-induced protein phosphorylation in intact platelets, granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and cultured leukaemic cells: absence of P47 in non-haematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	39-49
2317454-0	1990	P47 phosphoprotein of blood platelets (pleckstrin) is a major target for phorbol ester-induced protein phosphorylation in intact platelets, granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and cultured leukaemic cells: absence of P47 in non-haematopoietic cells.	Phorbol Esters	73-86	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	218-221
2317454-1	1990	Aggregating agents including phorbol esters which activate protein kinase C induce the rapid phosphorylation of a Mr = 47,000 cytosolic protein in blood platelets (P47 or pleckstrin).	Phorbol Esters	29-43	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	164-167
2317454-1	1990	Aggregating agents including phorbol esters which activate protein kinase C induce the rapid phosphorylation of a Mr = 47,000 cytosolic protein in blood platelets (P47 or pleckstrin).	Phorbol Esters	29-43	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	171-181
2297791-5	1990	The active phorbol esters synergized also with interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in Tac expression.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	62-66
2227125-5	1990	The importance of insulin-induced increases in DAG-PKC signaling in the stimulation of glucose transport in rat diaphragm and soleus muscles was suggested by 1) PKC activators phorbol esters and phospholipase C stimulation of [3H]-2-deoxyglucose (DOG) uptake and 2) PKC inhibitors staurosporine and polymixin B inhibition of insulin effects on [3H]-2-DOG uptake.	Phorbol Esters	176-190	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	18-25
2297791-5	1990	The active phorbol esters synergized also with interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in Tac expression.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	72-99
2297791-5	1990	The active phorbol esters synergized also with interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in Tac expression.	Phorbol Esters	11-25	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	101-110
2105883-1	1990	CD4, the T cell surface antigen, is phosphorylated and internalized when T cells are activated or treated with a phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	0-3
2105883-1	1990	CD4, the T cell surface antigen, is phosphorylated and internalized when T cells are activated or treated with a phorbol ester, PMA.	Phorbol Esters	113-126	CD53 molecule	Homo sapiens	11-31
2227125-8	1990	Similar variability in effectiveness of phorbol ester has also been noted previously in rat adipocytes (weak) and BC3H1 myocytes (strong), whereas DAG, added exogenously or generated by phospholipase C treatment, stimulates glucose transport to a degree that is quantitatively more comparable to that of insulin in each of the four tissues.	Phorbol Esters	40-53	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	304-311
2158073-8	1990	A similar uncoupling of fos and jun inducibility was found after phorbol ester addition to the human erythroleukemia cell line HEL and the human promyelocytic cell line HL-60.	Phorbol Esters	65-78	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	24-27
2407643-6	1990	After the binding of patient (Pt) IgA, normal neutrophils were rendered significantly less responsive to subsequent stimulation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	133-147	CD79a molecule	Homo sapiens	34-37
2316404-1	1990	Calcitonin gene expression in the TT cell line can be regulated by phorbol esters, cAMP, glucocorticoids, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.	Phorbol Esters	67-81	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	0-10
2316404-5	1990	Treatment of transfected TT cells stimulated a two- to fivefold increase in reported gene product expression, confirming the existence of functional cAMP- and phorbol ester-dependent enhancers within the calcitonin 5" flanking sequence.	Phorbol Esters	159-172	calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Homo sapiens	204-214
2153178-4	1990	We have established that the IL-5 gene is activated in D10.A cells in response to either phorbol esters or 8-Br cAMP, and that the two agents act as cofactors.	Phorbol Esters	89-103	interleukin 5	Homo sapiens	29-33
2153178-5	1990	IL-1 is able to synergize with phorbol esters and is additive with 8-Br cAMP for IL-5 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	31-45	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	0-4
2302234-0	1990	Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) reverses phorbol diester resistance of a breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) subline.	Phorbol Esters	52-67	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-31
2302234-0	1990	Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) reverses phorbol diester resistance of a breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) subline.	Phorbol Esters	52-67	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	33-41
2137095-5	1990	Differences in the calcium sensitivity of phorbol ester-induced phosphorylation were observed in Jurkat and T lymphoblasts which correlated with the relative levels of PKC alpha and beta isotypes expressed by the cells.	Phorbol Esters	42-55	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	168-177
1688581-0	1990	Phorbol esters increase synthesis of decay-accelerating factor, a phosphatidylinositol-anchored surface protein, in human endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-14	CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)	Homo sapiens	37-62
1688581-12	1990	The increased expression of DAF only was evident 8 h after PMA addition and was blocked by the RNA and protein synthesis inhibitors, actinomycin D and cycloheximide, indicating that both transcription and translation are required for DAF synthesis induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	259-273	CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)	Homo sapiens	28-31
1688581-12	1990	The increased expression of DAF only was evident 8 h after PMA addition and was blocked by the RNA and protein synthesis inhibitors, actinomycin D and cycloheximide, indicating that both transcription and translation are required for DAF synthesis induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	259-273	CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)	Homo sapiens	234-237
2154205-0	1990	Angiotensin II and bradykinin stimulate phosphoinositide breakdown in intact rat kidney glomeruli but not in proximal tubules: glomerular response modulated by phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	160-173	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
2104904-1	1990	We have previously shown that transfection of a plasmid clone containing full length human IFN-gamma genomic DNA into a murine T-lymphoblastoid line is followed by basal expression of the transfected gene, with increased transcription occurring upon stimulation of the cells with either phorbol ester or IL-2.	Phorbol Esters	287-300	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	91-100
2137097-3	1990	Phorbol ester and Ca2+ ionophore had less stimulatory effects on secretion of BNP-LI than that of ANP-LI.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	natriuretic peptides B	Sus scrofa	78-81
2106664-3	1990	Analysis of the promoter in transient assays reveals that: i) the -141/-88 region is required for the response to the phorbol ester TPA, ii) the -70/-38 region is essential for basal activity.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
2295603-13	1990	Northern blot analysis demonstrated that this novel glycophorin gene is expressed in an erythroid-specific manner and coordinately down-regulated together with GPA and GPB genes by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	160-163
2295603-13	1990	Northern blot analysis demonstrated that this novel glycophorin gene is expressed in an erythroid-specific manner and coordinately down-regulated together with GPA and GPB genes by a tumor-promoting phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	199-212	glycophorin B (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	168-171
2295617-1	1990	Interactions of types I, II, and III protein kinase C (PKC) with phospholipids were investigated by following the changes in protein kinase activity and phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	55-58
2295617-3	1990	The phospholipid-induced inactivation of PKC was concentration and time dependent and only affected the kinase activity without influencing phorbol ester binding.	Phorbol Esters	140-153	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	41-44
2295617-10	1990	Under the same conditions, the phorbol ester-binding activity of PKC I was also recovered, but the kinase activity was not.	Phorbol Esters	31-44	protein kinase C iota	Homo sapiens	65-70
2129102-3	1990	Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol ester lead to increased c-jun and c-fos mRNA levels, whereas activation of adenylate cyclase by forskolin increased c-fos mRNA levels.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	76-81
2295806-1	1990	12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, induced the proliferation of connective tissue-type mast cells (CTMC) synergistically with IL-3 in a methylcellulose culture, as well as with IL-4.	Phorbol Esters	62-75	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	168-172
2299665-5	1990	The similarity of two separate regions of n-chimaerin to domains of protein kinase C and BCR has intriguing implications with respect to its evolutionary origins, its function in the brain and potential phorbol-ester-binding properties.	Phorbol Esters	203-216	chimerin 1	Homo sapiens	42-53
2153360-1	1990	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) inhibited thrombin-stimulated arachidonic acid (AA) release in rabbit and human platelets.	Phorbol Esters	20-33	prothrombin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	89-97
2294108-8	1990	Translocation of conventional PKC alpha to the membranes was induced with phorbol ester in a Ca2+-dependent manner, whereas the PDBu-stimulated translocation of nPKC epsilon did not require Ca2+.	Phorbol Esters	74-87	protein kinase C alpha type	Oryctolagus cuniculus	30-39
2400822-4	1990	Some tumor promoters such as phorbol esters activate PKC by acting at the DG binding site.	Phorbol Esters	29-43	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	53-56
1698425-0	1990	Induction of monocytic differentiation by tumor necrosis factor in phorbol ester-resistant KG-1a cells.	Phorbol Esters	67-80	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	42-63
1698425-2	1990	The present studies have examined the effects of TNF on the differentiation of phorbol-ester resistant human KG-la leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	49-52
1698425-9	1990	These results indicate that: 1) certain characteristics of the differentiated monocytic phenotype were induced by TNF in the phorbol ester-resistant KG-1a line, and 2) treatment with TNF and not TPA was associated with activation of phospholipase A2 during induction of monocytic differentiation in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	114-117
1698425-9	1990	These results indicate that: 1) certain characteristics of the differentiated monocytic phenotype were induced by TNF in the phorbol ester-resistant KG-1a line, and 2) treatment with TNF and not TPA was associated with activation of phospholipase A2 during induction of monocytic differentiation in these cells.	Phorbol Esters	125-138	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	183-186
2152769-15	1990	Further, the inhibition of PC cell growth by phorbol ester could be, at least partly, due to the decreased binding of TGF-alpha to the cells.	Phorbol Esters	45-58	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	118-127
2152878-0	1990	Effects of atrial natriuretic factor on angiotensin-II-and phorbol ester-stimulated protein kinase-C and prostacyclin production in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	11-36
2152869-6	1990	Phorbol ester (4 beta-12,13-didecanoate; 1 microM) treatment of the cells in the absence of PTH caused a 58 +/- 3% decrease in PTH-stimulated cAMP production, but equilibrium PTH receptor binding was not different from the control value.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
2154122-8	1990	In contrast, goblet cells incubated with Ca2+ inophore A23187 and phorbol ester were rapidly depleted of mucin granules.	Phorbol Esters	66-79	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	105-110
2169286-9	1990	Our data suggest that pre-treatment of MDCK cells with AVP or PDBu caused desensitization of AVP-mediated cAMP accumulation and that downregulation of V2 receptors required agonist occupancy of the receptors, whereas the affinity of the receptors was changed by phorbol ester treatment.	Phorbol Esters	262-275	arginine vasopressin	Canis lupus familiaris	55-58
2293979-1	1990	The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the steroidogenic action of angiotensin II (AII) was investigated by depletion of endogenous PKC using prolonged incubation with phorbol ester and direct measurement of PKC in isolated rat adrenal glomerulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	66-80
2293979-1	1990	The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the steroidogenic action of angiotensin II (AII) was investigated by depletion of endogenous PKC using prolonged incubation with phorbol ester and direct measurement of PKC in isolated rat adrenal glomerulosa cells.	Phorbol Esters	167-180	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
2152869-6	1990	Phorbol ester (4 beta-12,13-didecanoate; 1 microM) treatment of the cells in the absence of PTH caused a 58 +/- 3% decrease in PTH-stimulated cAMP production, but equilibrium PTH receptor binding was not different from the control value.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	parathyroid hormone	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
2159763-8	1990	The assay also revealed activation of PKN activity in IARC-EW-1 cells by additional agents, including epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, phorbol ester, and a cAMP analog.	Phorbol Esters	153-166	protein kinase N1	Homo sapiens	38-41
2294021-3	1990	Down-regulation of protein kinase C by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters prevented the mitogenic effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on capillary endothelial cells.	Phorbol Esters	64-78	fibroblast growth factor 2	Bos taurus	113-143
2293979-11	1990	However, the fact that aldosterone responses to AII are potentiated during TPA-induced PKC translocation to the membrane suggests that AII and phorbol esters do not share the same mechanism of action in the regulation of steroidogenesis.	Phorbol Esters	143-157	protein kinase C, gamma	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
2127926-0	1990	Immunohistochemical detection of c-fos proteins in cultured human glial cells--induction by cyclic AMP and phorbol ester.	Phorbol Esters	107-120	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	33-38
2105908-6	1990	Although NF-kappa B cannot be activated by LPS, it can be activated by treatment with phorbol ester (PMA).	Phorbol Esters	86-99	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	9-19
1688546-8	1990	Treatment of cardiocytes for 24 hours with either the calcium ionophore A23187 or the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate increased ANF secretion.	Phorbol Esters	86-99	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	147-150
2151634-1	1990	The expression of the low-affinity receptor for IgE Fc epsilon RII) in the human monocyte-like U-937 cell line can be upregulated by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and by IgE.	Phorbol Esters	137-150	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	52-66
2151634-0	1990	Regulation of the expression of the low-affinity IgE receptor (Fc epsilon RII) in the human monocyte-like cell line U-937 by phorbol esters and IgE.	Phorbol Esters	125-139	Fc epsilon receptor II	Homo sapiens	63-77
1964589-1	1990	The rate of the degradation of interleukin 2 (IL-2) mRNA produced in stimulated human tonsillar lymphocytes was found to be significantly decreased in cells continuously stimulated with a calcium ionophore, A23187, and a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutylate (PDB) as compared with that in unstimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	31-44
1964589-1	1990	The rate of the degradation of interleukin 2 (IL-2) mRNA produced in stimulated human tonsillar lymphocytes was found to be significantly decreased in cells continuously stimulated with a calcium ionophore, A23187, and a phorbol ester, phorbol 12, 13-dibutylate (PDB) as compared with that in unstimulated cells.	Phorbol Esters	221-234	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	46-50
2105370-4	1990	TRH-stimulated accumulation of inositol phosphates did not occur after pretreatment with 0.2 mumol phorbol ester/l.	Phorbol Esters	99-112	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
2157779-6	1990	It is dramatically downregulated on neutrophils by phorbol esters and formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine (fMLP), but not by phosphatidylinositol-dependent phospholipase C. GM-CSF primes neutrophils for enhanced response to secondary stimuli, such as ionophore and chemotactic factors.	Phorbol Esters	51-65	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	176-182
2292458-0	1990	Lymphocyte mitogenesis and CD4 modulation induced by different phorbol esters: comparative studies.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	27-30
2292458-4	1990	We show here that the different phorbol ester concentrations needed to induce stimulation and proliferation, estimated by both interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and DNA synthesis, correspond very closely to those inducing the modulation of CD4 antigen, confirming a direct relationship between CD4 down-regulation and cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	127-149
2292458-4	1990	We show here that the different phorbol ester concentrations needed to induce stimulation and proliferation, estimated by both interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and DNA synthesis, correspond very closely to those inducing the modulation of CD4 antigen, confirming a direct relationship between CD4 down-regulation and cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	151-156
2292458-4	1990	We show here that the different phorbol ester concentrations needed to induce stimulation and proliferation, estimated by both interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and DNA synthesis, correspond very closely to those inducing the modulation of CD4 antigen, confirming a direct relationship between CD4 down-regulation and cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	248-251
2292458-4	1990	We show here that the different phorbol ester concentrations needed to induce stimulation and proliferation, estimated by both interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression and DNA synthesis, correspond very closely to those inducing the modulation of CD4 antigen, confirming a direct relationship between CD4 down-regulation and cellular activation.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	302-305
1688564-6	1990	In addition, stimulators of protein kinase C, including phorbol esters and teleocidin, enhanced accumulation of IL-6 mRNA.	Phorbol Esters	56-70	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	112-116
1688612-1	1990	The target antigen of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ACPA; also known as ANCA) was isolated by affinity chromatography from supernatants of human neutrophils, stimulated with phorbol ester to induce degranulation.	Phorbol Esters	182-195	proteinase 3	Homo sapiens	60-64
2403584-5	1990	After exposure to phorbol diester the THP-1 cells assumed the characteristic M phi phenotype and function.	Phorbol Esters	18-33	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	38-43
2150484-4	1990	However, if the intact Th cells were treated with the phorbol ester PMA, the capping of LFA-1 resulted in a co-clustering of talin with the LFA-1 caps, but not a alpha-actinin.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	88-93
2150484-4	1990	However, if the intact Th cells were treated with the phorbol ester PMA, the capping of LFA-1 resulted in a co-clustering of talin with the LFA-1 caps, but not a alpha-actinin.	Phorbol Esters	54-67	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	140-145
2392194-7	1990	Activity of ODC stimulated by phorbol esters was not additive to that seen following UNX.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
2319624-0	1990	Phorbol ester-induced change in astrocyte morphology: correlation with protein kinase C activation and protein phosphorylation.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	71-87
1688464-10	1990	These data suggest that cAMP, phorbol esters, and PDGF act independently to stimulate c-myc RNA expression in MG-63 cells.	Phorbol Esters	30-44	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	86-91
1688464-11	1990	However, nuclear runoff experiments and RNA half-life measurements demonstrated that PDGF, phorbol ester, and cAMP all act to increase the transcription of the MYC gene.	Phorbol Esters	91-104	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	160-163
2156121-8	1990	A phorbol ester, PMA, which stimulates protein kinase C, also inhibits ANF-mediated accumulation of cGMP.	Phorbol Esters	2-15	natriuretic peptide A	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
2148811-1	1990	Phorbol ester (TPA)-induced down-regulation of the common ALL (CALLA) antigen was studied by continuous flow immunocytometry with the aid of several CD10 monoclonal antibodies, including a new CD10 monoclonal antibody (DGH-10-1-A9), shown to be of IgG1 isotype, recognizing a 100 kDa cell surface protein and effectively inhibited by a series of reference CD10 monoclonal antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	63-68
2148811-1	1990	Phorbol ester (TPA)-induced down-regulation of the common ALL (CALLA) antigen was studied by continuous flow immunocytometry with the aid of several CD10 monoclonal antibodies, including a new CD10 monoclonal antibody (DGH-10-1-A9), shown to be of IgG1 isotype, recognizing a 100 kDa cell surface protein and effectively inhibited by a series of reference CD10 monoclonal antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	149-153
2148811-1	1990	Phorbol ester (TPA)-induced down-regulation of the common ALL (CALLA) antigen was studied by continuous flow immunocytometry with the aid of several CD10 monoclonal antibodies, including a new CD10 monoclonal antibody (DGH-10-1-A9), shown to be of IgG1 isotype, recognizing a 100 kDa cell surface protein and effectively inhibited by a series of reference CD10 monoclonal antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	193-197
2148811-1	1990	Phorbol ester (TPA)-induced down-regulation of the common ALL (CALLA) antigen was studied by continuous flow immunocytometry with the aid of several CD10 monoclonal antibodies, including a new CD10 monoclonal antibody (DGH-10-1-A9), shown to be of IgG1 isotype, recognizing a 100 kDa cell surface protein and effectively inhibited by a series of reference CD10 monoclonal antibodies.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	193-197
2105489-9	1990	Synthesis of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA in response to A23187 and phorbol ester was found to be subject to both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation.	Phorbol Esters	93-106	colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)	Mus musculus	13-61
2300789-3	1990	Furthermore, down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with the active phorbol esters PDB (24 h) or PMA (2 h), but not with the inactive phorbolester PDD, simultaneously inhibits killing by LAK cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
2296574-4	1990	Application of a specific activator of protein kinase C, phorbol ester, to eyes of rdgB flies led to a degeneration of the photoreceptors that was indistinguishable from that caused by light: both light and phorbol ester-induced degeneration were characterized by (i) selective degeneration of one class of photoreceptors; (ii) a unique pattern of degeneration; and (iii) the appearance of light-induced regenerative spikes at early stages of degeneration.	Phorbol Esters	57-70	retinal degeneration B	Drosophila melanogaster	83-87
2296574-4	1990	Application of a specific activator of protein kinase C, phorbol ester, to eyes of rdgB flies led to a degeneration of the photoreceptors that was indistinguishable from that caused by light: both light and phorbol ester-induced degeneration were characterized by (i) selective degeneration of one class of photoreceptors; (ii) a unique pattern of degeneration; and (iii) the appearance of light-induced regenerative spikes at early stages of degeneration.	Phorbol Esters	207-220	retinal degeneration B	Drosophila melanogaster	83-87
2296574-6	1990	We suggest that light or phorbol ester activates a protein kinase C and results in a sustained or excessive phosphorylation of proteins in the rdgB mutant, leading to photoreceptor degeneration.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	retinal degeneration B	Drosophila melanogaster	143-147
1689049-3	1990	Exposure of these cells to RII beta antisense oligodeoxynucleotide resulted in a decrease in cAMP analog-induced growth inhibition and differentiation without apparent effect on differentiation induced by phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	205-219	protein kinase cAMP-dependent type II regulatory subunit beta	Homo sapiens	27-35
2300789-3	1990	Furthermore, down-regulation of PKC by pretreatment with the active phorbol esters PDB (24 h) or PMA (2 h), but not with the inactive phorbolester PDD, simultaneously inhibits killing by LAK cells.	Phorbol Esters	68-82	alpha kinase 1	Homo sapiens	187-190
2300789-5	1990	We also demonstrate that pretreatment of target cells with phorbol ester (PMA) decreases killing, suggesting that PKC activation in the target cell population may also influence killing although the effect may vary depending on the particular target cell used.	Phorbol Esters	59-72	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	114-117
33804608-5	2021	Loss- and gain-of-function studies in murine embryonic fibroblasts showed that constitutive shedding as well as phorbol-ester-induced processing of FGFRs 1, 3, and 4 is mediated by ADAM17.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	fibroblast growth factor receptor 1	Mus musculus	148-165
2385549-4	1990	The phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) induced the same effects as prolactin thereby indicating the involvement of protein kinase C. This report demonstrates that prolactin directly regulates citrate production of prostate epithelial cells and the availability of an in vitro model to elucidate the mechanism of action of prolactin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	186-195
2385549-4	1990	The phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) induced the same effects as prolactin thereby indicating the involvement of protein kinase C. This report demonstrates that prolactin directly regulates citrate production of prostate epithelial cells and the availability of an in vitro model to elucidate the mechanism of action of prolactin.	Phorbol Esters	4-17	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	186-195
33818064-3	2021	Diacylglycerol and phorbol ester activate Munc13-1 by binding to its C1 domain.	Phorbol Esters	19-32	unc-13 homolog A	Mus musculus	42-50
33804608-5	2021	Loss- and gain-of-function studies in murine embryonic fibroblasts showed that constitutive shedding as well as phorbol-ester-induced processing of FGFRs 1, 3, and 4 is mediated by ADAM17.	Phorbol Esters	112-125	a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17	Mus musculus	181-187
29052227-7	2018	Bone marrow-derived neutrophils from alum-pretreated neonates produce more neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and exhibit increased expression of neutrophil elastase (NE) after in-vitro stimulation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	206-220	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Mus musculus	149-168
30101477-6	2018	Stimulation of PKD1 activity by phorbol ester promoted the Golgi-localization of wild-type and phospho-mutants of OSBP but did not affect OSBP-dependent SM synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	15-19
30101477-6	2018	Stimulation of PKD1 activity by phorbol ester promoted the Golgi-localization of wild-type and phospho-mutants of OSBP but did not affect OSBP-dependent SM synthesis.	Phorbol Esters	32-45	oxysterol binding protein	Homo sapiens	114-118
29052227-7	2018	Bone marrow-derived neutrophils from alum-pretreated neonates produce more neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and exhibit increased expression of neutrophil elastase (NE) after in-vitro stimulation with phorbol esters.	Phorbol Esters	206-220	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Mus musculus	107-109
16496227-0	2006	RhoA signaling in phorbol ester-induced apoptosis.	Phorbol Esters	18-31	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	0-4
21454541-1	2011	There is emerging evidence that C1 domains, motifs originally identified in PKC isozymes and responsible for binding of phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, interact with the Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum protein p23 (Tmp21).	Phorbol Esters	120-134	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	76-79
21454541-1	2011	There is emerging evidence that C1 domains, motifs originally identified in PKC isozymes and responsible for binding of phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, interact with the Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum protein p23 (Tmp21).	Phorbol Esters	120-134	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	209-212
21454541-1	2011	There is emerging evidence that C1 domains, motifs originally identified in PKC isozymes and responsible for binding of phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, interact with the Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum protein p23 (Tmp21).	Phorbol Esters	120-134	transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 10	Homo sapiens	214-219
16496227-2	2006	In erythroblastic cell lines, TF-1 and D2, upregulation of the RhoA signaling promotes phorbol ester-induced apoptosis through activating Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)/phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), thus generating membrane contraction force.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	63-67
16496227-2	2006	In erythroblastic cell lines, TF-1 and D2, upregulation of the RhoA signaling promotes phorbol ester-induced apoptosis through activating Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)/phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), thus generating membrane contraction force.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	modulator of VRAC current 1	Homo sapiens	186-204
16496227-2	2006	In erythroblastic cell lines, TF-1 and D2, upregulation of the RhoA signaling promotes phorbol ester-induced apoptosis through activating Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)/phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), thus generating membrane contraction force.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	modulator of VRAC current 1	Homo sapiens	206-209
16496227-5	2006	Thus, a cytoskeleton-regulated RhoA signaling cooperates with PKC activation constitutes a cellular context to determine the cell fate in response to phorbol ester stimulation.	Phorbol Esters	150-163	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	31-35
8570188-1	1995	Treatment of U937 human leukemic cells with the phorbol ester PMA, activates both mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), stimulates c-Jun phosphorylation and transcriptional activity, and induces a macrophage-like differentiation of U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	48-61	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	177-182
11801661-5	2002	Although the myeloid cell lines as well as CD14+ cells express MMP-19 without stimulation, its production can be up-regulated by phorbol esters (PMA) or by adhesion.	Phorbol Esters	129-143	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	43-47
7510692-6	1994	FGF-2 or phorbol ester treatment can also increase FR-1 mRNA levels; in contrast, whole blood serum or individual growth factors present in serum have only minimal effects on FR-1 mRNA expression.	Phorbol Esters	9-22	aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B8	Mus musculus	51-55
7669726-0	1995	Phorbol ester stimulated cathepsin L expression in U937 cells.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	cathepsin L	Homo sapiens	25-36
7669726-2	1995	We studied the effect and the mechanism of action of phorbol ester (TPA) on the expression of ctsl mRNA in U937 histiocytic leukemia cells.	Phorbol Esters	53-66	cathepsin L	Homo sapiens	94-98
34884902-0	2021	Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Nuclear Factor kappaB Activation Markedly Reduce Expression of Interleukin-2, but Not Interferon-gamma, Induced by Phorbol Esters and Calcium Ionophores.	Phorbol Esters	151-165	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	99-112
7707867-5	1995	The different regulation in hilus from that in arcuate and LC indicate, along with evidence for regulation of NYP expression by insulin, NGF and cyclic AMP and phorbol esters, that the adrenal steroid regulation of NPY gene expression is part of a complex set of regulatory mechanisms that depend on the brain region and cell type.	Phorbol Esters	160-174	neuropeptide Y	Rattus norvegicus	215-218
7818761-0	1995	Expression of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase and nuclear proto-oncogenes in phorbol ester tumor promotion-sensitive and -resistant mice.	Phorbol Esters	79-92	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	24-47
34779746-2	2021	Munc13-1 acts as a scaffold and is activated when diacylglycerol (DAG)/phorbol ester binds to its C1 domain in the plasma membrane.	Phorbol Esters	71-84	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	0-8
34748822-7	2021	Our results showed that CDDP and phorbol ester induced mRNA and protein expression of Fgf/FGF21 and beta-Klotho, two essential components of Fgf21 signaling, in mouse livers and cultured mouse/human hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	fibroblast growth factor 21	Mus musculus	90-95
34748822-7	2021	Our results showed that CDDP and phorbol ester induced mRNA and protein expression of Fgf/FGF21 and beta-Klotho, two essential components of Fgf21 signaling, in mouse livers and cultured mouse/human hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	klotho beta	Mus musculus	100-111
34748822-7	2021	Our results showed that CDDP and phorbol ester induced mRNA and protein expression of Fgf/FGF21 and beta-Klotho, two essential components of Fgf21 signaling, in mouse livers and cultured mouse/human hepatocytes.	Phorbol Esters	33-46	fibroblast growth factor 21	Mus musculus	141-146
34748822-8	2021	Luciferase reporter assays and ChIP-qPCR assays demonstrated that the cJun-AP-1 activation is responsible for CDDP- and phorbol ester-induced Fgf/FGF21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	70-74
34748822-8	2021	Luciferase reporter assays and ChIP-qPCR assays demonstrated that the cJun-AP-1 activation is responsible for CDDP- and phorbol ester-induced Fgf/FGF21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	75-79
34748822-8	2021	Luciferase reporter assays and ChIP-qPCR assays demonstrated that the cJun-AP-1 activation is responsible for CDDP- and phorbol ester-induced Fgf/FGF21 expression.	Phorbol Esters	120-133	fibroblast growth factor 21	Homo sapiens	146-151
34779746-3	2021	Our previous studies showed that bryostatin 1 activated the Munc13-1, but resveratrol inhibited the phorbol ester-induced Munc13-1 activity.	Phorbol Esters	100-113	unc-13 homolog A	Homo sapiens	122-130
34339458-4	2021	We demonstrate that depletion of either YAP or TAZ inhibits the ability of phorbol ester (TPA) treatment, cellular differentiation or the EBV BRLF1 immediate-early (IE) protein to induce lytic EBV reactivation in oral keratinocytes, and show that over-expression of constitutively active forms of YAP and TAZ reactivate lytic EBV infection in conjunction with TEAD family members.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator	Homo sapiens	40-43
34768934-7	2021	Incubation of melanoma cells with phorbol ester (PMA) increased PKC-1beta level and hyperphosphorylation of RIPK4 resulting in degradation of RIPK4.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	108-113
34768934-7	2021	Incubation of melanoma cells with phorbol ester (PMA) increased PKC-1beta level and hyperphosphorylation of RIPK4 resulting in degradation of RIPK4.	Phorbol Esters	34-47	receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	142-147
34579720-7	2021	Like NL1, BDNF increased synaptic vesicle recycling and the augmentation of transmitter release by phorbol esters, both hallmarks of presynaptic maturation.	Phorbol Esters	99-113	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	10-14
34816104-4	2021	Accordingly, depletion of Y14 (RBM8A) in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells compromised phorbol-ester-induced polyploidization.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	RNA binding motif protein 8A	Homo sapiens	26-29
34816104-4	2021	Accordingly, depletion of Y14 (RBM8A) in human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells compromised phorbol-ester-induced polyploidization.	Phorbol Esters	87-100	RNA binding motif protein 8A	Homo sapiens	31-36
34274479-1	2021	Treatment of serum-starved quiescent human cells with fetal bovine serum (FBS), epidermal growth factor (EGF), or the phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA) activates the RAS-MAPK pathway which initiates a transcriptional program which drives cells toward proliferation.	Phorbol Esters	118-131	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	171-174
34681720-0	2021	The Trace Element Selenium Is Important for Redox Signaling in Phorbol Ester-Differentiated THP-1 Macrophages.	Phorbol Esters	63-76	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	92-97
34174394-7	2021	Interestingly, Phorbol ester-induced nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation of the lncRNA in monocytic THP-1 cells resulted in a reduction of ALOX12 protein without a concomitant change in its mRNA level.	Phorbol Esters	15-28	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S type	Homo sapiens	136-142
34290081-8	2021	These findings indicate that at both CA3 to CA1 and PF to PC synapses, phorbol esters and PTP enhance synaptic transmission primarily by mechanisms that are independent of PKC phosphorylation of Munc18-1.Significance StatementA leading mechanism for a prevalent form of short-term plasticity, post-tetanic potentiation (PTP), involves protein kinase C phosphorylation of Munc18-1.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	carbonic anhydrase 1	Mus musculus	44-47
34290081-8	2021	These findings indicate that at both CA3 to CA1 and PF to PC synapses, phorbol esters and PTP enhance synaptic transmission primarily by mechanisms that are independent of PKC phosphorylation of Munc18-1.Significance StatementA leading mechanism for a prevalent form of short-term plasticity, post-tetanic potentiation (PTP), involves protein kinase C phosphorylation of Munc18-1.	Phorbol Esters	71-85	syntaxin binding protein 1	Mus musculus	371-379
34339458-4	2021	We demonstrate that depletion of either YAP or TAZ inhibits the ability of phorbol ester (TPA) treatment, cellular differentiation or the EBV BRLF1 immediate-early (IE) protein to induce lytic EBV reactivation in oral keratinocytes, and show that over-expression of constitutively active forms of YAP and TAZ reactivate lytic EBV infection in conjunction with TEAD family members.	Phorbol Esters	75-88	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	47-50
35579369-7	2022	DAG activates effectors including UNC-13, however we find that phorbol esters, but not serotonin, stimulate egg laying in unc-13 and PLCbeta mutants.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	34-40
34703136-10	2021	Conclusion: These results suggest that the induction of angiogenesis is not the main role of ORM1 in OSCC and may be associated with the regulation of the immune/inflammatory response or the transport of protumoral molecules, such as sialyl-Lewis X or phorbol esters, which requires confirmation in future studies.	Phorbol Esters	252-266	orosomucoid 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
35579369-7	2022	DAG activates effectors including UNC-13, however we find that phorbol esters, but not serotonin, stimulate egg laying in unc-13 and PLCbeta mutants.	Phorbol Esters	63-77	Phorbol ester/diacylglycerol-binding protein unc-13	Caenorhabditis elegans	122-128
35067177-7	2022	Phorbol ester enlarges the size of SP2 partially via activation of protein kinase C and conveys SP1 vesicles into SP2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Sp2 transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
35459743-8	2022	Conversely, direct activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters strongly inhibited TLR3- and RIG-I-mediated IFN production.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	toll like receptor 3	Homo sapiens	89-93
35459743-8	2022	Conversely, direct activation of protein kinase C with phorbol esters strongly inhibited TLR3- and RIG-I-mediated IFN production.	Phorbol Esters	55-69	DExD/H-box helicase 58	Homo sapiens	99-104
35067177-7	2022	Phorbol ester enlarges the size of SP2 partially via activation of protein kinase C and conveys SP1 vesicles into SP2.	Phorbol Esters	0-13	Sp2 transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	114-117
35067177-9	2022	We also propose that the phorbol ester-sensitive vesicle subpopulation (SP2) is analogous to the subset of superprimed synaptic vesicles in neurons.	Phorbol Esters	25-38	Sp2 transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
35140721-6	2022	Moreover, the 3D culture system was more suitable for the observation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) stimulated by the classical stimulation phorbol ester (PMA), and other damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ATP, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) than the 2D culture system.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	265-283
35140721-6	2022	Moreover, the 3D culture system was more suitable for the observation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) stimulated by the classical stimulation phorbol ester (PMA), and other damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ATP, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) than the 2D culture system.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	285-293
35140721-6	2022	Moreover, the 3D culture system was more suitable for the observation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) stimulated by the classical stimulation phorbol ester (PMA), and other damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ATP, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) than the 2D culture system.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	299-326
35140721-6	2022	Moreover, the 3D culture system was more suitable for the observation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) stimulated by the classical stimulation phorbol ester (PMA), and other damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ATP, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) than the 2D culture system.	Phorbol Esters	151-164	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	328-336