PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 32030765-3 2020 Our results revealed that cyclin A1 overexpression triggered meiotic resumption even in the presence of germinal vesicle breakdown inhibitor, milrinone. Milrinone 142-151 cyclin A1 Mus musculus 26-35 32526807-8 2020 Mean duration on milrinone was 13.7 vs. 81.0 days in STM and LTM, respectively. Milrinone 17-26 sulfotransferase family 1A member 3 Homo sapiens 53-56 30344692-7 2018 In conclusion, based on the conventional anti-heart failure therapy, the application of milrinone can reduce the serum IL-6, TNF-alpha and Cys-C levels and improve the cardiac functions of patients effectively. Milrinone 88-97 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 119-123 32589233-13 2020 TNFalpha levels were lower in pentoxifylline and milrinone groups compared to the control group. Milrinone 49-58 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 0-8 31984513-4 2020 CDC6 depletion facilitated the G2/M transition (germinal vesicle breakdown [GVBD]) through regulation of Cdh1 and cyclin B1 expression and CDK1 (CDC2) phosphorylation in a GVBD-inhibiting culture system containing milrinone. Milrinone 214-223 cell division cycle 6 Mus musculus 0-4 32259144-6 2020 Conclusion: Milrinone inhalation facilitated the weaning from CPB as it significantly reduced mPAP and maintained MAP with subsequently less needs for vasoactive drugs. Milrinone 12-21 phospholipid phosphatase 1 Mus musculus 94-98 31051182-6 2019 Chronic PDE3 inhibition with milrinone (MIL), at doses that did not affect either cardiac contractility or arterial blood pressure, profoundly attenuated the adverse ventricular remodeling, reduced macrophage number and diminished p38-MAPK activation induced by TAC. Milrinone 29-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 231-234 31051182-6 2019 Chronic PDE3 inhibition with milrinone (MIL), at doses that did not affect either cardiac contractility or arterial blood pressure, profoundly attenuated the adverse ventricular remodeling, reduced macrophage number and diminished p38-MAPK activation induced by TAC. Milrinone 40-43 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 231-234 30409409-6 2019 Group B: milrinone was given as an infusion of 0.5mug.kg-1.min-1 without loading dose for 21 days. Milrinone 9-18 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 59-64 31137022-0 2019 Addition of a beta1-Blocker to Milrinone Treatment Improves Cardiac Function in Patients with Acute Heart Failure and Rapid Atrial Fibrillation. Milrinone 31-40 AA1 Homo sapiens 12-19 30344692-7 2018 In conclusion, based on the conventional anti-heart failure therapy, the application of milrinone can reduce the serum IL-6, TNF-alpha and Cys-C levels and improve the cardiac functions of patients effectively. Milrinone 88-97 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 125-134 30344692-7 2018 In conclusion, based on the conventional anti-heart failure therapy, the application of milrinone can reduce the serum IL-6, TNF-alpha and Cys-C levels and improve the cardiac functions of patients effectively. Milrinone 88-97 cystatin C Homo sapiens 139-144 28453742-5 2017 The PDE-inhibitor milrinone did not affect EHT contraction force, but increased force in hAT. Milrinone 18-27 transmembrane serine protease 11D Homo sapiens 89-92 28708967-9 2018 Caspase-3 staining was moderately strong in the control group but weaker in the milrinone group. Milrinone 80-89 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 0-9 29294149-11 2018 However, the potency of milrinone, a selective inhibitor of PDE3A, to induce relaxation was higher in aortae from GCKO and SMC-GCKO than that in aorta from control animals. Milrinone 24-33 phosphodiesterase 3A, cGMP inhibited Mus musculus 60-65 29529007-12 2018 Both tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase type 2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein type 7 (TIMP-2*IGFBP-7) >=0.78 at 12 hours (OR 2.72; 95% CI, 1.01-7.38; P = 0.04) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) >=529.57 at 24 hours (OR 2.76; 95% CI, 1.06-7.17; P = 0.04) predicted excessive milrinone activity before a diagnosis of AKI. Milrinone 299-308 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 102-108 29529007-13 2018 CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, urine TIMP-2*IGFBP-7 and KIM-1 were predictive of AKI and excessive milrinone activity. Milrinone 102-111 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 40-46 29529007-13 2018 CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, urine TIMP-2*IGFBP-7 and KIM-1 were predictive of AKI and excessive milrinone activity. Milrinone 102-111 insulin like growth factor binding protein 7 Homo sapiens 47-54 29529007-13 2018 CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, urine TIMP-2*IGFBP-7 and KIM-1 were predictive of AKI and excessive milrinone activity. Milrinone 102-111 hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 Homo sapiens 59-64 30025893-9 2018 Isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX, a pan PDE inhibitor), milrinone (PDE3 inhibitor) and rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor) augmented CREB phosphorylation and myostatin expression. Milrinone 53-62 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 120-124 29808231-7 2018 PDE3B hydrolyzed cUMP (Km ~ 550 muM, Vmax ~ 76 mumol/min/mg) and cAMP (Km ~ 0.7 muM, Vmax ~ 4.3 mumol/min/mg) in a milrinone (PDE3-selective inhibitor)-sensitive manner (Ki for inhibition of cUMP hydrolysis: 205 nM). Milrinone 115-124 phosphodiesterase 3B Rattus norvegicus 0-5 29808231-7 2018 PDE3B hydrolyzed cUMP (Km ~ 550 muM, Vmax ~ 76 mumol/min/mg) and cAMP (Km ~ 0.7 muM, Vmax ~ 4.3 mumol/min/mg) in a milrinone (PDE3-selective inhibitor)-sensitive manner (Ki for inhibition of cUMP hydrolysis: 205 nM). Milrinone 115-124 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 29808231-14 2018 3T3-L1 MBX adipocyte lysates and rat epididymal adipose tissue membranes contained milrinone-sensitive cUMP-hydrolytic activity. Milrinone 83-92 diencephalon/mesencephalon homeobox 1 Mus musculus 7-10 28717881-7 2017 Both inhaled milrinone and inhaled iloprost induced significant reductions in mean pulmonary artery pressure and PVR and significant increases in cardiac index in patients with post-CPB pulmonary hypertension. Milrinone 13-22 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 113-116 25614983-8 2015 CONCLUSION: A low-dose beta1-blocker in combination with milrinone improved cardiac function in failing cardiomyocytes, apparently by inhibiting the phosphorylation of RyR2, not PLB, and subsequent diastolic Ca(2+) leak. Milrinone 57-66 ryanodine receptor 2 Canis lupus familiaris 168-172 28959341-9 2016 The activity of the expressed PDE3A and PDE3B proteins were investigated by cAMP and cGMP dsgradation with or without addition of milrinone, a potent and selective PDE inhibitor. Milrinone 130-139 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 30-35 28959341-9 2016 The activity of the expressed PDE3A and PDE3B proteins were investigated by cAMP and cGMP dsgradation with or without addition of milrinone, a potent and selective PDE inhibitor. Milrinone 130-139 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 40-45 28959341-9 2016 The activity of the expressed PDE3A and PDE3B proteins were investigated by cAMP and cGMP dsgradation with or without addition of milrinone, a potent and selective PDE inhibitor. Milrinone 130-139 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 30-33 28959341-13 2016 Furthermore, degradation of cAMP and cGMP through the activity of PDE3A and PDE3B was suppressed following to the addition of milrinone. Milrinone 126-135 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 66-71 28959341-13 2016 Furthermore, degradation of cAMP and cGMP through the activity of PDE3A and PDE3B was suppressed following to the addition of milrinone. Milrinone 126-135 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 76-81 27571932-7 2016 Similar to those with BNP, milrinone 50 muM increased the PV beating rate from 3.0 +- 0.2 to 3.6 +- 0.3 Hz (P < 0.0005, n = 7). Milrinone 27-36 latexin Homo sapiens 40-43 26766900-7 2016 METHOD: Several databases and websites for clinical trials were searched until October 2015 for prospective clinical studies comparing milrinone versus placebo on cardiac functions in patients undergoing CAGB. Milrinone 135-144 S100 calcium binding protein A9 Homo sapiens 204-208 25790148-15 2015 CONCLUSION: The combination of milrinone, esmolol and vasopressin decreased cardiac injury compared with vasopressin alone. Milrinone 31-40 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 105-116 27975297-10 2017 The PDE3 inhibitor milrinone inhibited cUMP hydrolysis (determination of UMP formation) by PDE3A (K i = 57 nM). Milrinone 19-28 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 4-8 27975297-10 2017 The PDE3 inhibitor milrinone inhibited cUMP hydrolysis (determination of UMP formation) by PDE3A (K i = 57 nM). Milrinone 19-28 phosphodiesterase 3A Rattus norvegicus 91-96 26460717-8 2016 In particular PDE3A was specifically activated, as milrinone reversed cAMP reduction by 2-AG. Milrinone 51-60 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 14-19 24120242-0 2014 Milrinone-induced postconditioning reduces hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: the roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and nitric oxide. Milrinone 0-9 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit gamma Rattus norvegicus 101-130 24690585-6 2014 Milrinone was separated on a C18 analytical column at 50 C. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 10 mM ammonium acetate (45:55 vol/vol). Milrinone 0-9 Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9 Homo sapiens 29-32 25249304-8 2014 The serum AST increase following milrinone discontinuation was 79 +- 30 IU/L vs. 135 +- 55 IU/L, p<0.04). Milrinone 33-42 solute carrier family 17 member 5 Homo sapiens 10-13 25010330-7 2014 Among patients with ANS dysregulation or PE, the expression frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ increased markedly after milrinone treatment, and was associated with reduction of plasma levels IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. Milrinone 109-118 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 73-76 25010330-7 2014 Among patients with ANS dysregulation or PE, the expression frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ increased markedly after milrinone treatment, and was associated with reduction of plasma levels IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. Milrinone 109-118 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 181-185 25010330-7 2014 Among patients with ANS dysregulation or PE, the expression frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ increased markedly after milrinone treatment, and was associated with reduction of plasma levels IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. Milrinone 109-118 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 187-191 25010330-7 2014 Among patients with ANS dysregulation or PE, the expression frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ increased markedly after milrinone treatment, and was associated with reduction of plasma levels IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. Milrinone 109-118 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 196-201 22653417-4 2012 DEA/NO-induced depression of the developed tension of the right atrium was inhibited by [erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine] (PDE2 inhibitor), augmented by milrinone (PDE3 inhibitor), and upturned by rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor). Milrinone 158-167 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 169-173 23911896-2 2013 Milrinone and cilostazol, oral phosphodiesterase (PDE) type III inhibitors, have been shown to increase L-type calcium channel current (ICa) and modestly increase heart rate by elevating the level of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Milrinone 0-9 calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C Canis lupus familiaris 95-140 23772533-7 2013 Milrinone and olprinone were administered at the rates of 0.5 and 0.3 microg x kg-1 x min-1 at the end of surgery, respectively. Milrinone 0-9 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 86-91 23901069-5 2013 HUVECs expressed elevated CD39 protein (2-fold [P<0.05] for cilostazol and 2.5-fold [P<0.01] for milrinone), while macrophage CD39 mRNA and protein were both elevated after PDE3 inhibition. Milrinone 103-112 ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 Homo sapiens 26-30 23713896-10 2013 Lastly, using Method 2, we show that in HEK-TSHRs phosphodiesterases types 3 and 4 are involved in degrading cAMP as the specific inhibitors Rolipram and Milrinone expose persistent TSHR signaling. Milrinone 154-163 thyroid stimulating hormone receptor Homo sapiens 44-48 22239823-8 2012 CONCLUSION: Milrinone and levosimendan exert postconditioning effects via inhibition of mPTP opening. Milrinone 12-21 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, U Mus musculus 88-92 22465655-1 2012 INTRODUCTION: Due to adverse effects of beta-receptor agonists reported when applied during hypothermia, left ventricular (LV) cardiac effects of milrinone, a PDE3 inhibitor which mode of action is deprived the sarcolemmal beta-receptor-G protein-PKA system, was tested during cooling to 15 C. METHODS: Sprague Dawley rats were instrumented to measure left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume changes using a Millar pressure-volume conductance catheter. Milrinone 146-155 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 159-163 22326431-8 2012 Our data also show that the effects of BNP and CNP are completely absent in the presence of the phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor milrinone. Milrinone 126-135 natriuretic peptide type B Mus musculus 39-42 22326431-8 2012 Our data also show that the effects of BNP and CNP are completely absent in the presence of the phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor milrinone. Milrinone 126-135 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase Mus musculus 47-50 22359674-2 2012 METHODS AND FINDINGS: Rats were injected with milrinone (PDE3 inhibitor, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p. Milrinone 46-55 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 57-61 21620965-3 2011 A preparation comprised mainly of Band 2 PDE5 was partially converted to Band 3 PDE5 by 1h incubation with cGMP or the PDE5-specific inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil, or tadalafil, but not with cAMP, milrinone (PDE3-specific), or rolipram (PDE4-specific). Milrinone 201-210 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 80-84 21620965-3 2011 A preparation comprised mainly of Band 2 PDE5 was partially converted to Band 3 PDE5 by 1h incubation with cGMP or the PDE5-specific inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil, or tadalafil, but not with cAMP, milrinone (PDE3-specific), or rolipram (PDE4-specific). Milrinone 201-210 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 80-84 21562974-5 2011 LV-IS-reduction induced by esmolol + milrinone was eliminated in the presence of protein kinase A-(PKA)-inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS) or Akt-inhibitor (AKT 1/2 kinase inhibitor). Milrinone 37-46 calmodulin 2, pseudogene 1 Rattus norvegicus 118-123 21562974-5 2011 LV-IS-reduction induced by esmolol + milrinone was eliminated in the presence of protein kinase A-(PKA)-inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS) or Akt-inhibitor (AKT 1/2 kinase inhibitor). Milrinone 37-46 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 128-131 21562974-5 2011 LV-IS-reduction induced by esmolol + milrinone was eliminated in the presence of protein kinase A-(PKA)-inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS) or Akt-inhibitor (AKT 1/2 kinase inhibitor). Milrinone 37-46 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 143-146 21562974-7 2011 This cell protective effect by esmolol + milrinone was abrogated in the presence of PKA-inhibitor or Akt-inhibitor. Milrinone 41-50 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 101-104 21562974-14 2011 CONCLUSIONS: Late-ischemia/early reperfusion therapy with esmolol + milrinone additively reduces LV-IS associated with robust activation of myocardial PKA and subsequent Akt-antiapoptotic pathway. Milrinone 68-77 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 170-173 21091648-7 2011 Inhibition of either PDE3 or PDE4 (by milrinone and rolipram, respectively) potentiated the automatic response of myocytes to catecholamines. Milrinone 38-47 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 21-25 21693223-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Milrinone (MIL), a phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 inhibitor, exhibits cardiotonic and angioectatic effects. Milrinone 12-21 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 50-56 21693223-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Milrinone (MIL), a phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 inhibitor, exhibits cardiotonic and angioectatic effects. Milrinone 23-26 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 50-56 21756812-12 2011 But the level of TNF-alpha (ng/L) was significantly lower at T(2), T(4), T(5) in milrinone group than that in control group (60 +- 5 vs 79 +- 7, 29 +- 6 vs 40 +- 8, 18 +- 5 vs 28 +- 7, all P < 0.05). Milrinone 81-90 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 17-26 21756812-13 2011 The levels of IL-6 and MDA were significantly lower at T(1)-T(4) in milrinone group. Milrinone 68-77 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 14-18 21176111-10 2011 Such effect was mimicked by 8-bromo-cGMP but was lost after 24 and 96 hours; differently, the PDE3B specific inhibitor milrinone (1 microM), displayed no effect. Milrinone 119-128 phosphodiesterase 3B Homo sapiens 94-99 20970829-7 2010 RESULTS: The contraction induced by NE was effectively antagonized by 1 muM of rolipram (83.3% inhibition), Ro 20-1724 (72.3% inhibition), sildenafil (41.6% inhibition), and milrinone (37.5% inhibition). Milrinone 174-183 latexin Homo sapiens 72-75 19381522-10 2009 RESULTS: With milrinone administration, mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and PVR showed a comparable decrease in both groups. Milrinone 14-23 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 82-85 20651700-7 2010 Administration of milrinone caused a more pronounced PRC increase in nNOS-(/)-, resulting in normalized renin levels, whereas PDE5 inhibition did not affect PRC in any genotype. Milrinone 18-27 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal Mus musculus 69-73 19426242-11 2009 Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha during reperfusion were only abated by milrinone and levosimendan. Milrinone 87-96 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 20-47 19572173-3 2009 We hypothesized that low-molecular-weight hyaluronan (LMW HA) produced by HAS3 mediates LPS-induced lung injury in the mechanically ventilated rat and that milrinone (MIL), by blocking HAS3 mRNA expression, would prevent the injury. Milrinone 156-165 hyaluronan synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 185-189 19381522-12 2009 MPAP and PVR returned to baseline values 60 minutes after termination of milrinone inhalation. Milrinone 73-82 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 9-12 18606161-5 2008 Injecting Cdc2a mRNA, which activates CDC2A, overcomes milrinone-mediated inhibition of oocyte maturation, induces MSY2 phosphorylation and the maturation-associated degradation of mRNAs. Milrinone 55-64 cyclin-dependent kinase 1 Mus musculus 10-15 18972099-6 2009 A single inhalation of milrinone attenuated the increase in lung wet-to-dry weight ratio and myeloperoxidase activity, and reduced protein concentration, neutrophil counts and TNF-alpha levels in bronchoalveolar lavage. Milrinone 23-32 myeloperoxidase Mus musculus 93-108 18972099-6 2009 A single inhalation of milrinone attenuated the increase in lung wet-to-dry weight ratio and myeloperoxidase activity, and reduced protein concentration, neutrophil counts and TNF-alpha levels in bronchoalveolar lavage. Milrinone 23-32 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 176-185 18972099-8 2009 In mice with acid-induced ALI, milrinone attenuated hypoxemia and prevented the increase in lung myeloperoxidase activity. Milrinone 31-40 myeloperoxidase Mus musculus 97-112 19124364-3 2008 Forskolin opened BKCa channels in FHR PASMC, which was blocked by PKC activation, and reversed by the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors IBMX, milrinone, and zaprinast. Milrinone 143-152 potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 17-21 17602036-9 2007 Higher PVF S wave, HVF S wave, TTF A wave and At measured by TDI in the milrinone group compared with placebo suggested an improvement in ventricular systolic and atrial contraction. Milrinone 72-81 ras homolog family member H Homo sapiens 31-34 17392505-4 2007 A nonselective PDE inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), and the PDE3 selective inhibitors milrinone and cilostazol each suppressed thrombin-induced cAMP-dependent PDE responses, but not 2 different PDE2 inhibitors. Milrinone 100-109 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 141-149 17392505-4 2007 A nonselective PDE inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), and the PDE3 selective inhibitors milrinone and cilostazol each suppressed thrombin-induced cAMP-dependent PDE responses, but not 2 different PDE2 inhibitors. Milrinone 100-109 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 74-77 17531330-7 2007 Pretreatment with milrinone blocked the CNP-induced increase of cAMP but without significant changes in decrease of atrial dynamics and ANP release. Milrinone 18-27 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 64-68 17531330-12 2007 Pretreatment with milrinone blocked the CNP-induced increase of cAMP levels concomitantly with a decrease of atrial dynamics. Milrinone 18-27 antimicrobial protein CAP18 Oryctolagus cuniculus 64-68 17919552-0 2007 Effects of milrinone on contractility and cyclic adenosine monophosphate production induced by beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor activation in human myocardium. Milrinone 11-20 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 Homo sapiens 95-100 17919552-0 2007 Effects of milrinone on contractility and cyclic adenosine monophosphate production induced by beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor activation in human myocardium. Milrinone 11-20 adrenoceptor beta 2 Homo sapiens 106-131 17919552-1 2007 BACKGROUND: Because milrinone is a widely used phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor, it would be of interest to know whether it interacts with beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists in human myocardium. Milrinone 20-29 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 Homo sapiens 143-148 17919552-1 2007 BACKGROUND: Because milrinone is a widely used phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor, it would be of interest to know whether it interacts with beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists in human myocardium. Milrinone 20-29 adrenoceptor beta 2 Homo sapiens 154-179 17919552-1 2007 BACKGROUND: Because milrinone is a widely used phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor, it would be of interest to know whether it interacts with beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists in human myocardium. Milrinone 20-29 adrenoceptor beta 2 Homo sapiens 181-183 17488313-9 2007 CONCLUSIONS: Nitroglycerin and milrinone are very effective in reversing ET-1 and U46619-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction in vitro. Milrinone 31-40 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 73-77 17286556-7 2007 A specific PDE3 inhibitor, milrinone, and PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) inhibitors abolished the effects of insulin on adiponectin secretion and expression. Milrinone 27-36 adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing Rattus norvegicus 122-133 16675238-4 2006 We hypothesized that vasopressin could recover hypotension induced by milrinone with less effect on pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) compared to norepinephrine. Milrinone 70-79 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 21-32 17197851-7 2007 The animals of the milrinone-vasopressin group displayed significantly (P<0.05) higher cardiac index values (30 min after return of spontaneous circulation: epinephrine, 65.8+/-13.2; vasopressin, 70.7+/-18.3; epinephrine-vasopressin, 69.1+/-36.2; milrinone-vasopressin, 120.7+/-34.8 ml.min.kg) without a decrease in mean arterial pressure or coronary perfusion pressure. Milrinone 19-28 vasopressin Sus scrofa 29-40 17197851-7 2007 The animals of the milrinone-vasopressin group displayed significantly (P<0.05) higher cardiac index values (30 min after return of spontaneous circulation: epinephrine, 65.8+/-13.2; vasopressin, 70.7+/-18.3; epinephrine-vasopressin, 69.1+/-36.2; milrinone-vasopressin, 120.7+/-34.8 ml.min.kg) without a decrease in mean arterial pressure or coronary perfusion pressure. Milrinone 19-28 vasopressin Sus scrofa 186-197 17197851-7 2007 The animals of the milrinone-vasopressin group displayed significantly (P<0.05) higher cardiac index values (30 min after return of spontaneous circulation: epinephrine, 65.8+/-13.2; vasopressin, 70.7+/-18.3; epinephrine-vasopressin, 69.1+/-36.2; milrinone-vasopressin, 120.7+/-34.8 ml.min.kg) without a decrease in mean arterial pressure or coronary perfusion pressure. Milrinone 19-28 vasopressin Sus scrofa 186-197 17197851-7 2007 The animals of the milrinone-vasopressin group displayed significantly (P<0.05) higher cardiac index values (30 min after return of spontaneous circulation: epinephrine, 65.8+/-13.2; vasopressin, 70.7+/-18.3; epinephrine-vasopressin, 69.1+/-36.2; milrinone-vasopressin, 120.7+/-34.8 ml.min.kg) without a decrease in mean arterial pressure or coronary perfusion pressure. Milrinone 19-28 vasopressin Sus scrofa 186-197 17197851-8 2007 CONCLUSIONS: The combination of vasopressin-milrinone as compared with epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation leads to an improved cardiac index without relevant decrease of mean arterial pressure or coronary perfusion pressure. Milrinone 44-53 vasopressin Sus scrofa 32-43 17470271-10 2007 No between-group differences were observed in creatinine clearance, whereas plasma cystatin-C levels were significantly higher in the adrenaline than in the milrinone or the control group after 48 hours (p < 0.05). Milrinone 157-166 cystatin C Homo sapiens 83-93 16939712-0 2006 Is vasopressin really superior to norepinephrine in reversing milrinone-induced vasodilation? Milrinone 62-71 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 3-14 16449359-11 2006 When another 10 rats were treated with the PDE-3 inhibitor Milrinone (0.4 microg/min over 30 min, which did not affect hemodynamics), RSR was elevated to 10.4 +/- 4.4 ng ANG I x h(-1) x min(-1). Milrinone 59-68 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 43-48 16675238-12 2006 CONCLUSIONS: In the patients undergoing CABG surgery, both norepinephrine and low dose vasopressin were effective in restoring milrinone-induced decrease of SVR. Milrinone 127-136 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 87-98 16675238-13 2006 However, only low-dose vasopressin decreased the PVR/SVR ratio that was increased by milrinone. Milrinone 85-94 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 23-34 16551899-8 2006 Postoperatively, milrinone clearance was significantly impaired (0.4 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)), improved by the 12th postoperative hour, and approached steady-state clearance (2.6 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) by postoperative day 4. Milrinone 17-26 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 83-89 16722628-1 2006 The fast relaxation dynamics of 1,6-dihydro-2-methyl-6-oxo-3,4"-bipyridine-5-carbonitrile (milrinone, MIR), a cardiotonic drug, has been characterized in water solutions at different pH. Milrinone 32-89 membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 8 Homo sapiens 102-105 16551899-8 2006 Postoperatively, milrinone clearance was significantly impaired (0.4 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)), improved by the 12th postoperative hour, and approached steady-state clearance (2.6 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) by postoperative day 4. Milrinone 17-26 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 191-197 16326679-7 2005 RESULTS: After inhalation for ten minutes, milrinone induced a significant reduction of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (32.7 +/- 9.1 vs 37.7 +/- 7.5 mmHg, P = 0.01), pulmonary vascular resistance index (296 +/- 150 vs 396 +/- 151 dyn.sec(-1).cm(-5).m(2), P = 0.02) and transpulmonary gradient (10.6 +/- 5.5 vs 15 +/- 4.9, P = 0.01) only in patients with significant pulmonary hypertension. Milrinone 43-52 secretory blood group 1, pseudogene Homo sapiens 236-242 16616654-12 2006 In contrast, in unstimulated samples lower concentrations of milrinone caused an increase in CD11b. Milrinone 61-70 integrin subunit alpha M Homo sapiens 93-98 15961276-4 2006 Inhibition of PDE3 (OPC3911, milrinone) but not PDE4 (RO 20-1724) lowered insulin-induced glucose uptake and lipogenesis, especially in the presence of isoproterenol (a general beta-adrenergic agonist), CL316243, a selective beta3-adrenergic agonist, and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide. Milrinone 29-38 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 14-18 15364011-6 2004 We therefore conclude that PDE3 inhibition by milrinone augments insulin secretion in vivo in mice after oral but not after intravenous glucose, which may be explained by enhanced response to the cAMP-dependent insulinotropic action of endogenously released GLP-1. Milrinone 46-55 glucagon Mus musculus 258-263 16100251-9 2005 Both combinations of EHNA-cGMP and milrinone-cGMP significantly increased intracellular cAMP in control, hypertrophic, and failing myocytes. Milrinone 35-44 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Canis lupus familiaris 88-92 15635619-10 2005 A marked decrease in IL-13 (77 +/- 9 pg/ml vs. 162 +/- 88 pg/ml, P=0.001) was observed in milrinone-treated patients compared to controls. Milrinone 90-99 interleukin 13 Homo sapiens 21-26 15632822-2 2005 This study compared the vasopressin-induced contraction and the effects of milrinone, nitroglycerin, and nitroprusside in vasopressin-induced contraction between the human radial artery and the internal thoracic artery to find effective antispastic methods for arterial grafts. Milrinone 75-84 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 122-133 15632822-6 2005 Pretreatment with milrinone and nitroprusside significantly inhibited vasopressin contraction in the internal thoracic artery but had little effect in the radial artery. Milrinone 18-27 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 70-81 15617582-9 2005 After adjustment for vasopressin, milrinone was significantly more potent in increasing cardiac output (P <0.0001) and stroke volume (P=0.03), while decreasing vascular resistance (P <0.0001) and systolic blood pressure (P=0.008), than dobutamine. Milrinone 34-43 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 21-32 16247326-2 2005 Milrinone, a phosphodiesterase (PDE)-3 inhibitor, is frequently used to treat perioperative pulmonary hypertension. Milrinone 0-9 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 13-38 12622495-7 2003 RESULTS: Milrinone significantly increased the heart rate from 81 +/- 8 to 102 +/- 16beats min(-1), but it decreased the mean arterial pressure from 83 +/- 10 to 66 +/- 10 mmHg and systemic vascular resistance (P < 0.05 for each). Milrinone 9-18 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 91-97 15354266-8 2004 Two inhibitors of PDE3A are used in clinical medicine: milrinone and cilostazol. Milrinone 55-64 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 18-23 15219266-7 2004 Finally, the selective PDE inhibitors calmidazolium (100 nM), milrinone (5 microM) and rolipram (50 microM) inhibited cAMP PDE activity by approximately 20, 30 and 25% respectively. Milrinone 62-71 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 23-26 15219266-7 2004 Finally, the selective PDE inhibitors calmidazolium (100 nM), milrinone (5 microM) and rolipram (50 microM) inhibited cAMP PDE activity by approximately 20, 30 and 25% respectively. Milrinone 62-71 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 123-126 14624413-0 2003 Milrinone, a selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, stimulates lipolysis, endogenous glucose production, and insulin secretion. Milrinone 0-9 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 23-42 14624413-1 2003 In vivo effects of milrinone, a selective phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE-3) inhibitor, on plasma free fatty acids (FFA), glucose, and insulin levels were examined in alert rats. Milrinone 19-28 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 42-61 14624413-1 2003 In vivo effects of milrinone, a selective phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE-3) inhibitor, on plasma free fatty acids (FFA), glucose, and insulin levels were examined in alert rats. Milrinone 19-28 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 63-68 14577594-6 2003 Rolipram and milrinone, selective PDE 4 and PDE 3 inhibitors respectively, stimulated the gluconeogenesis of alanine, lactate + pyruvate, or fructose in hepatocytes isolated from fasted rats. Milrinone 13-22 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 44-49 12854872-1 2003 BACKGROUND: Milrinone is a widely-used phosphodiesterase III (PDE3)-selective inhibitor. Milrinone 12-21 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 62-66 12854872-3 2003 Considering these results, it is important to know whether milrinone can induce insulin resistance in vivo. Milrinone 59-68 insulin Homo sapiens 80-87 12854872-9 2003 However, the effect of milrinone on glucose concentration was detectable only in 25 micromol/kg group, and the plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in the 5 and 25 micromol/kg milrinone groups, indicating that there was a dose-response relationship between milrinone and insulin and glucose levels. Milrinone 189-198 insulin Homo sapiens 118-125 12854872-9 2003 However, the effect of milrinone on glucose concentration was detectable only in 25 micromol/kg group, and the plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in the 5 and 25 micromol/kg milrinone groups, indicating that there was a dose-response relationship between milrinone and insulin and glucose levels. Milrinone 189-198 insulin Homo sapiens 284-291 12854872-9 2003 However, the effect of milrinone on glucose concentration was detectable only in 25 micromol/kg group, and the plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in the 5 and 25 micromol/kg milrinone groups, indicating that there was a dose-response relationship between milrinone and insulin and glucose levels. Milrinone 189-198 insulin Homo sapiens 118-125 12854872-9 2003 However, the effect of milrinone on glucose concentration was detectable only in 25 micromol/kg group, and the plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in the 5 and 25 micromol/kg milrinone groups, indicating that there was a dose-response relationship between milrinone and insulin and glucose levels. Milrinone 189-198 insulin Homo sapiens 284-291 12854872-11 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that milrinone impaired the abilities of insulin to suppress lipolysis and insulin-mediated glucose utilization in peripheral tissue, despite having a slight increase in insulin secretion. Milrinone 37-46 insulin Homo sapiens 73-80 12854872-11 2003 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that milrinone impaired the abilities of insulin to suppress lipolysis and insulin-mediated glucose utilization in peripheral tissue, despite having a slight increase in insulin secretion. Milrinone 37-46 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 12854872-12 2003 Therefore, we conclude that milrinone administration induces an acute insulin resistance in vivo, and that may limit the therapeutic value of milrinone for human diabetic subjects. Milrinone 28-37 insulin Homo sapiens 70-77 12622495-9 2003 The addition of dopamine to the milrinone infusion significantly decreased the heart rate (94 +/- 12 beats min(-1)) and increased the mean arterial pressure (82 +/- 11 mmHg). Milrinone 32-41 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 107-113 12492797-10 2003 Calcium influx through the plasma membrane was suppressed by milrinone 2.4 micro M. CONCLUSION: Milrinone (0.9 micro M) inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Milrinone 61-70 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 130-138 12492797-10 2003 Calcium influx through the plasma membrane was suppressed by milrinone 2.4 micro M. CONCLUSION: Milrinone (0.9 micro M) inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Milrinone 96-105 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 130-138 12388409-10 2002 Treatment with the cAMP-PDE inhibitors rolipram and milrinone in combination (inhibiting PDE IV and PDE III isoenzymes) at day 2 and onward completely prevented the hypercalcemia-induced downregulation of AQP2 and AQP3 (but not AQP1) and completely prevented the development of polyuria. Milrinone 52-61 aquaporin 2 Rattus norvegicus 205-209 12388409-10 2002 Treatment with the cAMP-PDE inhibitors rolipram and milrinone in combination (inhibiting PDE IV and PDE III isoenzymes) at day 2 and onward completely prevented the hypercalcemia-induced downregulation of AQP2 and AQP3 (but not AQP1) and completely prevented the development of polyuria. Milrinone 52-61 aquaporin 3 (Gill blood group) Rattus norvegicus 214-218 12388409-10 2002 Treatment with the cAMP-PDE inhibitors rolipram and milrinone in combination (inhibiting PDE IV and PDE III isoenzymes) at day 2 and onward completely prevented the hypercalcemia-induced downregulation of AQP2 and AQP3 (but not AQP1) and completely prevented the development of polyuria. Milrinone 52-61 aquaporin 1 Rattus norvegicus 228-232 12055093-4 2002 Insulin-stimulated leptin secretion could also be inhibited by a series of agents increasing intracellular cAMP levels, such as lipolytic hormones (ACTH and thyrotropin-stimulating hormone), various nonhydrolyzable cAMP analogs, pertussis toxin, forskolin, methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, IBMX), and specific inhibitors of phosphodiesterase III (imazodan, milrinone, and amrinone). Milrinone 365-374 leptin Rattus norvegicus 19-25 12652111-5 2002 This suggested that milrinone inhibited PDE4 in addition to PDE3 activity. Milrinone 20-29 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 40-44 12652111-8 2002 Therefore, in rabbit heart, partial inhibition of PDE4 by milrinone contributed to greater increases in cardiomyocyte cAMP and calcium levels than cilostazol. Milrinone 58-67 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 50-54 12652111-10 2002 Our results suggest that in normal rabbit heart inhibition of PDE4 by milrinone may partly contribute to the greater cardiotonic effect of milrinone when compared to cilostazol. Milrinone 70-79 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 62-66 12652111-10 2002 Our results suggest that in normal rabbit heart inhibition of PDE4 by milrinone may partly contribute to the greater cardiotonic effect of milrinone when compared to cilostazol. Milrinone 139-148 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 62-66 12148128-5 2002 Previous case reports documented vasopressin as an effective alternative to catecholamines in the treatment of milrinone-induced hypotension. Milrinone 111-120 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 33-44 12148128-7 2002 Vasopressin may be the most effective vasopressor agent in the treatment of milrinone-induced hypotension. Milrinone 76-85 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 0-11 12135876-7 2002 Milrinone, a PDE3 inhibitor, increased intracellular levels of cAMP by about 15% but did not affect sperm functions, possibly because PDE3 represents only a small proportion of the sperm total PDE activity (10% and 25% in Triton X-100 soluble and particulate fractions, respectively). Milrinone 0-9 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 13-16 12235272-7 2002 Pretreatment with milrinone or Ro-20-1724 enhanced LPS-induced increases in plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lactate, inhibited the LPS-induced tachycardia, and exacerbated the acute LPS-induced fall in GFR. Milrinone 18-27 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 83-110 12354747-8 2002 In contrast, milrinone increased nuclear NFkappaB translocation, iNOS and COX-2 expression, and cardiomyocyte production of interleukin-1beta. Milrinone 13-22 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 65-69 12354747-8 2002 In contrast, milrinone increased nuclear NFkappaB translocation, iNOS and COX-2 expression, and cardiomyocyte production of interleukin-1beta. Milrinone 13-22 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 74-79 12354747-8 2002 In contrast, milrinone increased nuclear NFkappaB translocation, iNOS and COX-2 expression, and cardiomyocyte production of interleukin-1beta. Milrinone 13-22 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 124-141 11834047-2 2002 With a loading dose of 50 microg/kg followed by an infusion of 0.5 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1), milrinone increases stroke volume index and left ventricular velocity of circumferential fiber shortening after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Milrinone 94-103 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 85-91 11553033-9 2001 We then evaluated LV function by assessing milrinone-induced changes in the ESPVR (i.e. ESP(mLVV) and PVA(mLVV)) and vasodilator actions by assessing milrinone-induced changes in ESP(ESV) and effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined as the ESP(ESV)/stroke volume ratio. Milrinone 43-52 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, V Rattus norvegicus 76-79 11969359-6 2002 Amrinone and milrinone, selective PDE3 inhibitors, suppressed TNF secretion to a lesser extent. Milrinone 13-22 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 62-65 11969359-10 2002 The selective PDE 4 inhibitors, and to a certain extent the PDE3 inhibitors amrinone and milrinone, reduced the GM-CSF release in a concentration dependent manner. Milrinone 89-98 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 112-118 11726420-8 2001 Inhaled milrinone reduced PVR with a maximal effect (-20%, P < 0.001) at the largest concentration. Milrinone 8-17 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 26-29 11726420-9 2001 As compared with iPGI(2) alone, iPGI(2) + inhaled milrinone caused a further and prolonged reduction of PVR (-8%, P < 0.05) and increased stroke volume (+5%, P < 0.05). Milrinone 50-59 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 104-107 11600438-8 2001 Applications of the assay are shown, including comparative dose-dependent CFTR activation by genistein, apigenin, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine, IBMX, 8-methoxypsoralen, and milrinone as well as activation of alternative Cl(-) channels. Milrinone 179-188 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 74-78 11713620-7 2001 The selective inhibitors of PDE1, PDE2, and PDE5/6 did not substitute for rolipram; however, a dose of 10 mg/kg of the PDE3 inhibitor milrinone did substitute. Milrinone 134-143 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 119-123 11553033-9 2001 We then evaluated LV function by assessing milrinone-induced changes in the ESPVR (i.e. ESP(mLVV) and PVA(mLVV)) and vasodilator actions by assessing milrinone-induced changes in ESP(ESV) and effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined as the ESP(ESV)/stroke volume ratio. Milrinone 43-52 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, V Rattus norvegicus 88-91 11553033-9 2001 We then evaluated LV function by assessing milrinone-induced changes in the ESPVR (i.e. ESP(mLVV) and PVA(mLVV)) and vasodilator actions by assessing milrinone-induced changes in ESP(ESV) and effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined as the ESP(ESV)/stroke volume ratio. Milrinone 43-52 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, V Rattus norvegicus 88-91 11553033-11 2001 Milrinone (total dose 49.5 microg; infusion rate 3.3-6.7 microg/min, 7-10 microg/kg per min; blood concentration 53.9 ng/mL) largely shifted the ESPVR upwards and, thus, significantly increased end-systolic pressure (ESP(0.08)) and the systolic pressure-volume area (PVA(0.08)) at a mid-range LV volume (= 0.08 mL/g myocardium). Milrinone 0-9 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, V Rattus norvegicus 145-148 11553033-12 2001 Milrinone also significantly decreased LV ESP(ESV) and decreased Ea, although these decreases were not significant. Milrinone 0-9 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, V Rattus norvegicus 42-45 11312479-1 2001 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the usefulness of low-dose milrinone on gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and systemic inflammation in patients undergoing hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Milrinone 53-62 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 91-94 11350859-4 2001 This LPS-induced dye leakage was suppressed by phosphodiesterase inhibitors, including pentoxifylline (160 mg kg-1), milrinone (5 - 10 mg kg-1), rolipram (0.5 - 10 mg kg-1) and zaprinast (5 - 10 mg kg-1). Milrinone 117-126 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 5-8 11350859-7 2001 This increase in serum TNF-alpha was completely blocked by a pretreatment with pentoxifylline (160 mg kg-1), milrinone (5 mg kg-1), rolipram (1 mg kg-1), zaprinast (10 mg kg-1), salbutamol (0.5 mg kg-1), forskolin (1 mg kg-1) and 8-Br-cAMP (10 mg kg-1). Milrinone 109-118 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 23-32 11312479-13 2001 Milrinone prevented gastric intramucosal acidosis, detected as a decrease in pHi or an increase in PCO2-gap, without affecting hepatic venous blood flow. Milrinone 0-9 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 77-80 11312479-14 2001 Increases in interleukin-6, leukocyte count, and oxygen uptake index, all of which developed after CPB, were significantly less in the milrinone group than in the control group. Milrinone 135-144 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 13-26 11246817-6 2000 Moreover, addition of cAMP-elevating agents such as dibutyryl-cAMP, forskolin and the phosphodiesterase inhibitors isobutyl-methylxanthine and milrinone resulted in a reduction of PAI-1 of varying degrees. Milrinone 143-152 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 180-185 10940786-10 2000 Mutations that partially reduce chloride conductance through CFTR (class IV) can be stimulated with milrinone, which is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Milrinone 100-109 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 61-65 10859452-7 2000 The distribution pattern of the mRNA for the isoenzymes PDE3A and PDE5A may explain the pharmacological effects as well as the side effects of milrinone and sidenafil. Milrinone 143-152 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 56-61 10859452-7 2000 The distribution pattern of the mRNA for the isoenzymes PDE3A and PDE5A may explain the pharmacological effects as well as the side effects of milrinone and sidenafil. Milrinone 143-152 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 66-71 11009478-1 2000 Milrinone, a phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, is known to enhance left ventricular (LV) contractility by an inhibition of the breakdown of cAMP through the mechanism inhibiting PDE3. Milrinone 0-9 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 144-148 11009478-6 2000 In LV crude homogenate, the thapsigargin-sensitive, Ca(2+)-ATPase activity-cAMP relationships was significantly less increased by milrinone compared with dobutamine (P < 0.05), indicating the higher sensitivity of the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase activity on cAMP by milrinone than by dobutamine. Milrinone 130-139 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 75-79 11009478-6 2000 In LV crude homogenate, the thapsigargin-sensitive, Ca(2+)-ATPase activity-cAMP relationships was significantly less increased by milrinone compared with dobutamine (P < 0.05), indicating the higher sensitivity of the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase activity on cAMP by milrinone than by dobutamine. Milrinone 130-139 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 250-254 11009478-6 2000 In LV crude homogenate, the thapsigargin-sensitive, Ca(2+)-ATPase activity-cAMP relationships was significantly less increased by milrinone compared with dobutamine (P < 0.05), indicating the higher sensitivity of the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase activity on cAMP by milrinone than by dobutamine. Milrinone 258-267 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 75-79 10728962-0 2000 Vasopressin in the treatment of milrinone-induced hypotension in severe heart failure. Milrinone 32-41 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 0-11 10728962-2 2000 In patients with decompensated heart failure with hypotension after treatment with milrinone, low doses of vasopressin restored blood pressure without inhibiting the inotropic effect of milrinone. Milrinone 83-92 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 107-118 10667533-0 2000 Vasopressin as an alternative to norepinephrine in the treatment of milrinone-induced hypotension. Milrinone 68-77 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 0-11 10667533-9 2000 CONCLUSIONS: Vasopressin at very low doses appears to be an effective vasopressor for milrinone-induced hypotension. Milrinone 86-95 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 13-24 10585039-7 1999 Interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 levels after cardiopulmonary bypass were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the milrinone group than in the control group. Milrinone 118-127 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-17 10585039-7 1999 Interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 levels after cardiopulmonary bypass were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the milrinone group than in the control group. Milrinone 118-127 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 22-35 10585039-8 1999 Plasma levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate increased significantly (p < 0.05) after the administration of milrinone and the levels correlated inversely (r = -0.55, p < 0.01) with interleukin-6 levels. Milrinone 114-123 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 190-203 10340540-8 1999 The PDE3-selective inhibitor milrinone (1-10 mg/kg) tended to increase response rates under both schedules while the PDE1-selective inhibitor vinpocetine did not affect behavior at the dose range tested (1-30 mg/kg). Milrinone 29-38 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 4-8 10532506-9 1999 When compared with baseline, significantly more patients received angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors after 24 hours of milrinone and at the end of milrinone therapy (67% vs 86%, p <0.01). Milrinone 131-140 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 97-100 10532506-9 1999 When compared with baseline, significantly more patients received angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors after 24 hours of milrinone and at the end of milrinone therapy (67% vs 86%, p <0.01). Milrinone 159-168 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 97-100 10495362-8 1999 For example, the PDE3 inhibitors milrinone and trequinsin increase resting renin in conscious rabbits and enhance the renin secretory response to beta-adrenergic stimulation. Milrinone 33-42 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 75-80 10495362-8 1999 For example, the PDE3 inhibitors milrinone and trequinsin increase resting renin in conscious rabbits and enhance the renin secretory response to beta-adrenergic stimulation. Milrinone 33-42 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 118-123 10495362-9 1999 Milrinone also increases renin secretion in human subjects. Milrinone 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 25-30 10381754-0 1999 Inhibition of phosphodiesterase III with milrinone increases renin secretion in human subjects. Milrinone 41-50 renin Homo sapiens 61-66 10381754-3 1999 The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor milrinone on renin secretion in human subjects. Milrinone 98-107 renin Homo sapiens 111-116 10381754-9 1999 These results demonstrate that milrinone increases renin secretion in human subjects, thus providing evidence that phosphodiesterase III family participates in the control of renin secretion in humans. Milrinone 31-40 renin Homo sapiens 51-56 10381754-9 1999 These results demonstrate that milrinone increases renin secretion in human subjects, thus providing evidence that phosphodiesterase III family participates in the control of renin secretion in humans. Milrinone 31-40 renin Homo sapiens 175-180 10362376-9 1999 This phenomenon may be explained by the special abilities of agents, such as ACEI and milrinone, to inhibit the TNF-alpha production. Milrinone 86-95 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 112-121 9631239-9 1998 In summary, RV-specific downregulation of PDE-3A mRNA/protein(s) at 3 wk suggests that hemodynamic rather than humoral mechanisms are responsible, and provides a molecular basis for the limited efficacy of milrinone in the progression of HF. Milrinone 206-215 phosphodiesterase 3A Canis lupus familiaris 42-48 9915315-6 1999 RESULTS: Milrinone did not prevent gastrointestinal acidosis as measured by pHi, but its perioperative administration resulted in significantly higher pHi levels compared with control. Milrinone 9-18 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 151-154 9915315-7 1999 Venous and hepatic venous endotoxin and the interleukin 6 concentration were reduced significantly in the milrinone group. Milrinone 106-115 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 44-57 10088199-8 1998 The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor milrinone, a PDE 3-inhibitor with an IC50 2.4 +/- 1.8 mumol/L, (n = 6) was 10 times more potent than rolipram (PDE 4-inhibitor), zaprinast (PDE 5-inhibitor) and vinpocentine (PDE 1-inhibitor). Milrinone 56-65 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 167-172 10088199-8 1998 The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor milrinone, a PDE 3-inhibitor with an IC50 2.4 +/- 1.8 mumol/L, (n = 6) was 10 times more potent than rolipram (PDE 4-inhibitor), zaprinast (PDE 5-inhibitor) and vinpocentine (PDE 1-inhibitor). Milrinone 56-65 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 196-201 9776319-4 1998 Milrinone and cilostamide inhibited migration induced by an optimal concentration of cAMP. Milrinone 0-9 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 85-89 9609738-4 1998 CNP depolarized the nasal transepithelial potential difference by 6.3 +/- 0.5 mV, whereas the cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone actually hyperpolarized the nasal transepithelial potential difference by 2.0 +/- 1.2 mV in mice homozygous for a CFTR stop mutation [CFTR(-/-)]. Milrinone 137-146 phosphodiesterase 3A, cGMP inhibited Mus musculus 94-126 9609738-4 1998 CNP depolarized the nasal transepithelial potential difference by 6.3 +/- 0.5 mV, whereas the cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone actually hyperpolarized the nasal transepithelial potential difference by 2.0 +/- 1.2 mV in mice homozygous for a CFTR stop mutation [CFTR(-/-)]. Milrinone 137-146 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 261-265 9609738-4 1998 CNP depolarized the nasal transepithelial potential difference by 6.3 +/- 0.5 mV, whereas the cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone actually hyperpolarized the nasal transepithelial potential difference by 2.0 +/- 1.2 mV in mice homozygous for a CFTR stop mutation [CFTR(-/-)]. Milrinone 137-146 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Mus musculus 281-285 9517388-9 1998 Activation of CFTR by xanthines was not mimicked by the calcium ionophore A23187, adenosine, UTP, ATP or the specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors rolipram, Ro 20-1724 and milrinone. Milrinone 172-181 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cricetulus griseus 14-18 9933250-7 1999 In the presence of the PDE-3 inhibitors milrinone (20 micromol/L) and trequinsin (200 nmol/L), however, both L-NAME and SNP failed to exert any additional effects. Milrinone 40-49 phosphodiesterase 4D, cAMP-specific-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 23-28 9784418-6 1998 The recombinant PDE8B exhibited cAMP PDE activity which was not inhibited by various PDE inhibitors including vinpocetine, milrinone, rolipram, and IBMX with the exception of dipyridamole which caused 50% inhibition at a concentration of 40 microM. Milrinone 123-132 phosphodiesterase 8B Homo sapiens 16-21 9539809-4 1998 Inhibition of PDE-3 by 20 micromol/liter of milrinone or by 200 nmol/liter of trequinsin caused a 5- to 6-fold stimulation of renin secretion that was slightly enhanced by NO synthase inhibition and moderately attenuated by NO donation. Milrinone 44-53 renin Homo sapiens 126-131 9011679-5 1997 The results showed that milrinone produced a potent, concentration-dependent, preventive effect on the norepinephrine-induced contraction of internal thoracic arteries, as well as reversing contraction of internal thoracic arteries by receptor-dependent agents, including the thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619, the vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1, and the alpha1-adrenal receptor agonist phenylephrine. Milrinone 24-33 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 335-347 9432022-5 1997 The PDE3-specific inhibitor, milrinone, and the PDE4 inhibitor, rolipram, suppressed hydrolysis by 70% and 30% respectively, which indicated that both PDE4 and PDE3 were present, and that PDE3 was predominant. Milrinone 29-38 phosphodiesterase 4A Homo sapiens 151-155 9386183-0 1997 Development of decompensated dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with decreased gene expression and activity of the milrinone-sensitive cAMP phosphodiesterase PDE3A. Milrinone 117-126 phosphodiesterase 3A Canis lupus familiaris 160-165 9386183-11 1997 CONCLUSIONS: Selective downregulation of PDE3A may account in part for the ineffectiveness of milrinone in the treatment of severe CHF. Milrinone 94-103 phosphodiesterase 3A Canis lupus familiaris 41-46 9353368-0 1997 A new milrinone analog: role of binding to A1 adenosine receptor in its positive inotropic effect on isolated guinea pig and rat atria. Milrinone 6-15 adenosine receptor A1 Cavia porcellus 43-64 9357766-3 1997 L-Thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3"-L-triiodothyronine (T3), and milrinone enhanced the antiviral activity of IFN-gamma up to 100-fold, a potentiation blocked by cycloheximide. Milrinone 54-63 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 99-108 9357766-6 1997 The effects of T4 and milrinone were blocked by inhibitors of protein kinases C (PKC) and A (PKA) and restored by PKC and PKA agonists; only the effect of T4 was blocked by genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Milrinone 22-31 proline rich transmembrane protein 2 Homo sapiens 62-79 9357766-6 1997 The effects of T4 and milrinone were blocked by inhibitors of protein kinases C (PKC) and A (PKA) and restored by PKC and PKA agonists; only the effect of T4 was blocked by genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Milrinone 22-31 proline rich transmembrane protein 2 Homo sapiens 81-84 9357766-6 1997 The effects of T4 and milrinone were blocked by inhibitors of protein kinases C (PKC) and A (PKA) and restored by PKC and PKA agonists; only the effect of T4 was blocked by genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Milrinone 22-31 proline rich transmembrane protein 2 Homo sapiens 114-117 9041048-10 1997 The PDE activated by PTH was inhibitable by low concentrations of the cAMP-PDE-specific inhibitor RO 20-1724 (IC50 = 0.2 microM), but not by low concentrations of the inhibitors of cGMP-stimulated and cGMP-inhibited PDEs MEP-1 and milrinone (IC50 for both compounds > 30 microM). Milrinone 231-240 parathyroid hormone Rattus norvegicus 21-24 8856475-5 1996 Milrinone caused a complete relaxation in U46619, ET-1, PE (100%), or K+ (97.7%)-precontracted IMA. Milrinone 0-9 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 50-54 8859000-7 1996 Ro-20, 1724, etazolate, amrinone, milrinone and pentoxifylline inhibited unstimulated TNF-alpha production, with IC50 values of 1.87, 2.07, 13.9, 153 and 201 microM, respectively. Milrinone 34-43 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 86-95 8859000-9 1996 Amrinone, milrinone and pentoxifylline inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha secretion, with IC50 values of 14.8, 81.6 and 748 microM, respectively, whereas Ro-2D, 1724 and etazolate had no effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha secretion. Milrinone 10-19 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 76-85 8819536-2 1996 IL-5 production was inhibited by rolipram, a type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitor, dose-dependently (maximally at 10(-5) M) and by dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP) (3 x 10(-4) M), but not by the type 3 and type 5 PDE inhibitors milrinone and zaprinast (10(-5) M), respectively. Milrinone 225-234 interleukin 5 Mus musculus 0-4 8962566-1 1996 OBJECTIVES: To examine the feasibility of using milrinone to test pulmonary vascular reactivity in patients before heart transplantation, we tested the hypothesis that milrinone would lower pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with severe heart failure. Milrinone 168-177 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 221-224 8962566-5 1996 The ability of milrinone to lower PVR in patients with heart failure has not been tested. Milrinone 15-24 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 34-37 8962566-7 1996 RESULTS: Milrinone decreased PVR in all patients. Milrinone 9-18 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 29-32 8962566-11 1996 The magnitude of the decrease in PVR correlated inversely with the milrinone-induced increase in cardiac output. Milrinone 67-76 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 33-36 8962566-12 1996 CONCLUSIONS: Bolus milrinone consistently decreases PVR in patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to severe heart failure. Milrinone 19-28 PVR cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 52-55 8937731-13 1996 The PDE 3 inhibitor, milrinone produced a concentration-related inhibition of TNF-alpha release from monocytes which achieved statistical significance at 10(-5) M but inhibited LTB4 release from eosinophils and superoxide generation from macrophages only at the highest concentration (10(-3) M) examined. Milrinone 21-30 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 78-87 8856475-7 1996 Pretreatment with milrinone decreased the contraction induced by ET-1 from 186.0 +/- 23.3 to 66.9 +/- 9.6% (p = 0.002) and that induced by PE from 140.6 +/- 27.6 to 54.1 +/- 7.0% (p = 0.03) and shifted the EC50 7.6-fold higher (p = 0.003). Milrinone 18-27 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 65-69 8856476-9 1996 Milrinone, which increases the intracellular level of both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, suppressed the formation of small and large aggregates induced by epinephrine and ADP. Milrinone 0-9 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 81-84 8768733-3 1996 In our investigation, experiments were performed in conscious rabbits to test the effects of the specific PDE III inhibitor milrinone on resting renin secretion and on the renin responses to isoproterenol and L-NAME. Milrinone 124-133 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 145-150 8768733-4 1996 In the first series of experiments, infusion of milrinone increased plasma renin activity from 5.4 +/- 0.6 to 10.2 +/- 1.4 ng/ml/2 hr (P < .01). Milrinone 48-57 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 75-80 8768733-7 1996 The renin response to isoproterenol was increased (P < .01) in the presence of milrinone (15.3 +/- 3.7 to 38.4 +/- 6.2 ng/ml/2 hr, P < .01). Milrinone 82-91 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 4-9 8768733-9 1996 Milrinone again increased plasma renin activity and prevented the suppression of plasma renin activity by L-NAME. Milrinone 0-9 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 33-38 8768733-9 1996 Milrinone again increased plasma renin activity and prevented the suppression of plasma renin activity by L-NAME. Milrinone 0-9 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 88-93 8768733-12 1996 Finally, administration of milrinone completely reversed the L-NAME-induced suppression of the renin response to isoproterenol. Milrinone 27-36 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 95-100 7902837-8 1993 The stimulatory or inhibitory effects of SIN-1 were absent, respectively, in the presence of milrinone (10 microM) or when the hydrolysis-resistant cAMP analog 8-bromo-cAMP was used instead of cAMP to stimulate ICa. Milrinone 93-102 MAPK associated protein 1 Homo sapiens 41-46 8762068-17 1996 Milrinone, a phosphodiesterase type III inhibitor, potentiated the relaxant effect of VIP. Milrinone 0-9 VIP peptides Cavia porcellus 86-89 8645882-4 1996 Digoxin (10(-6) mol/L) and milrinone (10(-5) mol/L) increased LV contractility with a concomitant increase in Ca2+ transient, and the relative increase of Ca2+ transient produced by milrinone was much more than that by digoxin. Milrinone 27-36 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: carbonic anhydrase 2 Cavia porcellus 110-113 8645882-4 1996 Digoxin (10(-6) mol/L) and milrinone (10(-5) mol/L) increased LV contractility with a concomitant increase in Ca2+ transient, and the relative increase of Ca2+ transient produced by milrinone was much more than that by digoxin. Milrinone 27-36 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: carbonic anhydrase 2 Cavia porcellus 155-158 8645882-6 1996 These results suggest that Ca2+ responsiveness of contractile apparatus declines during inotropic stimulation by milrinone and during myocardial ischemia. Milrinone 113-122 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: carbonic anhydrase 2 Cavia porcellus 27-30 8788412-4 1995 Only in isolated, electrically driven atrial trabeculae but not in ventricular preparations, angiotensin II did produce a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect, which was antagonized exclusively by the angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist losartan and which amounted to about 20% of the positive inotropic effect of milrinone and isoprenaline. Milrinone 327-336 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 93-107 7576703-8 1995 Whole-cell patch clamp analysis revealed that milrinone generated chloride conductances with properties consistent with those of CFTR. Milrinone 46-55 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 129-133 7576703-9 1995 Milrinone elicited chloride currents in a dose-dependent manner and induced CFTR activity in the absence of adenylate cyclase agonists. Milrinone 0-9 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 76-80 7539326-4 1995 Pretreatment with the PDE IV inhibitors rolipram or Ro 20-1724 or the nonselective PDE inhibitor theophylline 1 h before intratracheal injection of IL-5 significantly reduced the number of eosinophils in the BAL fluid at 48 h. In contrast, the selective PDE III inhibitors milrinone and SK&F 94-836 and the PDE I/V inhibitor zaprinast did not inhibit the airway eosinophil infiltration induced by IL-5. Milrinone 273-282 interleukin 5 Homo sapiens 148-152 7637154-0 1995 [Milrinone suppresses TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta release in mouse peritoneal macrophages]. Milrinone 1-10 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 22-31 7637154-0 1995 [Milrinone suppresses TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta release in mouse peritoneal macrophages]. Milrinone 1-10 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 36-45 7637154-2 1995 We studied whether milrinone suppresses TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta releases from mouse peritoneal macrophages. Milrinone 19-28 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 40-49 7637154-2 1995 We studied whether milrinone suppresses TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta releases from mouse peritoneal macrophages. Milrinone 19-28 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 54-63 7637154-4 1995 TNF-alpha release was suppressed in a dose-dependent fashion with milrinone, reaching half-maximal inhibition at 30 microM. Milrinone 66-75 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 0-9 7637154-5 1995 Release of IL-1 beta was not suppressed with 25 microM of milrinone, but it was suppressed with 250 microM of milrinone. Milrinone 110-119 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 11-20 7637154-6 1995 We conclude that TNF-alpha release is suppressed by therapeutically administered milrinone. Milrinone 81-90 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 17-26 8621775-5 1996 In this study, we show that NOS3 and mRNA and protein levels in cardiac myocytes are reduced both in vitro after treatment with cAMP elevating drugs, and in vivo after 3 d of treatment with milrinone, a type III cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Milrinone 190-199 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 28-32 8583366-6 1995 steady-state plasma concentrations of milrinone were within the therapeutic range (100-300 ng mL-1) for both groups, with values of 239 +/- 71 ng mL-1 and 269 +/- 32 ng mL-1 for the moderate and severe patients, respectively. Milrinone 38-47 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 146-158 8583366-6 1995 steady-state plasma concentrations of milrinone were within the therapeutic range (100-300 ng mL-1) for both groups, with values of 239 +/- 71 ng mL-1 and 269 +/- 32 ng mL-1 for the moderate and severe patients, respectively. Milrinone 38-47 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 146-150 7860763-10 1995 Because, in frog heart, the stimulatory effect of SIN-1 on ICa was found to be due to cGMP-induced inhibition of cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase (cGI-PDE), we compared the effects of SIN-1 and milrinone, a cGI-PDE selective inhibitor, on ICa in human. Milrinone 194-203 MAPK associated protein 1 Homo sapiens 50-55 7860763-11 1995 Milrinone (10 microM) induced a strong stimulation of ICa (approximately 150%), demonstrating that cGI-PDE controls the amplitude of basal ICa in this tissue. Milrinone 0-9 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 99-106 7995950-5 1995 FMLP-mediated adhesion was inhibited by a diverse group of cAMP modulators: forskolin, isoproterenol, phosphodiesterase IV inhibitors (rolipram and Ro 20-1724), but not phosphodiesterase III inhibitors (milrinone and bemoradan). Milrinone 203-212 formyl peptide receptor 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 7995950-5 1995 FMLP-mediated adhesion was inhibited by a diverse group of cAMP modulators: forskolin, isoproterenol, phosphodiesterase IV inhibitors (rolipram and Ro 20-1724), but not phosphodiesterase III inhibitors (milrinone and bemoradan). Milrinone 203-212 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 59-63 8389765-7 1993 The PDE activity of HCP1 is not sensitive to cGMP or other inhibitors of the cGMP-inhibitable PDEs, such as milrinone. Milrinone 108-117 CYCS pseudogene 51 Homo sapiens 20-24 8097971-4 1993 In contrast, there is serious concern that agents that act predominantly through PDE inhibition and thereby increase cellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) content, e.g., amrinone, milrinone, and enoximone, not only are ineffective in heart failure but also may lead to serious adverse events, i.e., arrhythmogenicity, and may increase mortality rate in advanced heart failure. Milrinone 169-178 cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Homo sapiens 126-143 1733204-4 1992 Milrinone concentrations determined in maternal arterial blood samples obtained during 1 and 2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 infusions were found to be within the human therapeutic range. Milrinone 0-9 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 111-116 8454595-1 1993 Crystal structure determination to 1.9 A of the human serum transthyretin-milrinone complex. Milrinone 74-83 transthyretin Homo sapiens 60-73 8454595-2 1993 The crystal structure of human transthyretin (TTR) complexed with milrinone (2-methyl-5-cyano-3,4"-bipyridin-6(1H)-one), a positive inotropic cardiac agent, has been refined to R = 17.4% for 8-1.9-A resolution data. Milrinone 66-75 transthyretin Homo sapiens 31-44 8454595-2 1993 The crystal structure of human transthyretin (TTR) complexed with milrinone (2-methyl-5-cyano-3,4"-bipyridin-6(1H)-one), a positive inotropic cardiac agent, has been refined to R = 17.4% for 8-1.9-A resolution data. Milrinone 66-75 transthyretin Homo sapiens 46-49 8454595-4 1993 Milrinone is bound along the 2-fold axis in the binding site with its substituted pyridone ring located deep within the channel of the two identical binding domains of the TTR tetramer. Milrinone 0-9 transthyretin Homo sapiens 172-175 8454595-8 1993 These structural results confirm computer modeling studies of milrinone structural homology with thyroxine and its TTR binding interactions and explain the effectiveness of milrinone competition for thyroxine binding to TTR. Milrinone 62-71 transthyretin Homo sapiens 115-118 8454595-8 1993 These structural results confirm computer modeling studies of milrinone structural homology with thyroxine and its TTR binding interactions and explain the effectiveness of milrinone competition for thyroxine binding to TTR. Milrinone 62-71 transthyretin Homo sapiens 220-223 8454595-8 1993 These structural results confirm computer modeling studies of milrinone structural homology with thyroxine and its TTR binding interactions and explain the effectiveness of milrinone competition for thyroxine binding to TTR. Milrinone 173-182 transthyretin Homo sapiens 220-223 7682964-8 1993 Since platelet TXA2 synthesis is dependent on Ca2+, and milrinone inhibited 45Ca2+ uptake, it is concluded that milrinone exerts its inhibitory effect on platelet activity, principally through an action on Ca2+ mobilisation/binding to effector proteins (protein kinase C and/or phospholipase A2). Milrinone 112-121 phospholipase A2 group IB Homo sapiens 278-294 1733204-5 1992 Bolus injection of milrinone, as well as the lowest drug infusion, resulted in no significant changes in uterine blood flow, whereas 2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 milrinone infusion led to a 14% to 19% increase in uterine blood flow between 120 and 240 minutes. Milrinone 157-166 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 151-156 1652182-2 1991 Milrinone and OPC 3911, inhibitors of a cGMP-inhibited cAMP phosphodiesterase (cGI-PDE), were shown to have distinct vasodilator actions. Milrinone 0-9 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 40-77 1281506-12 1992 Milrinone (1-10 microM), a specific inhibitor of a kind of phosphodiesterase which is inhibited by cyclic GMP, also enhanced ICl activated by submaximal doses of isoprenaline. Milrinone 0-9 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 106-109 1751273-7 1991 Milrinone was tolerated well: three patients developed tachycardia greater than 125 beat min-1, one patient developed atrial fibrillation and one patient had a short run of atrial bigemini. Milrinone 0-9 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 89-94 1896959-7 1991 If human platelet-rich plasma was pretreated with adenosine deaminase, an enzyme that degrades adenosine, the inhibitory effect of milrinone and to a lesser extent pelrinone was reversed. Milrinone 131-140 adenosine deaminase Homo sapiens 50-69 1652182-2 1991 Milrinone and OPC 3911, inhibitors of a cGMP-inhibited cAMP phosphodiesterase (cGI-PDE), were shown to have distinct vasodilator actions. Milrinone 0-9 phosphodiesterase 3A Homo sapiens 79-86 19934866-5 2009 RESULTS: Perioperative infusion of milrinone significantly attenuated platelet activation; phosphorylation of intraplatelet p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and Akt; and platelet-leukocyte aggregation. Milrinone 35-44 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 124-127 1979643-6 1990 However, there is also a decrease in the positive inotropic effect of beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists, histamine and cAMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as milrinone, whereas the positive inotropic effect of cAMP-independent Na(+)-channel activators such as DPI 206-106 and the effects of cardiac glycosides are not diminished. Milrinone 156-165 adrenoceptor beta 2 Homo sapiens 70-89 1707816-2 1990 Both milrinone and pertussis toxin shifted the blood pressure dose-response curves of B-HT 920 to the right, but the responses to angiotensin II were decreased after milrinone pretreatment only. Milrinone 166-175 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 130-144 19934866-5 2009 RESULTS: Perioperative infusion of milrinone significantly attenuated platelet activation; phosphorylation of intraplatelet p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and Akt; and platelet-leukocyte aggregation. Milrinone 35-44 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 162-212 19934866-6 2009 Furthermore, perioperative tissue factor expression on monocytes and fibrin monomer complex production were reduced by milrinone infusion in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Milrinone 119-128 coagulation factor III, tissue factor Homo sapiens 27-40 19934866-7 2009 In vitro studies using adenosine diphosphate- and collagen-stimulated blood samples from healthy volunteers confirmed the antiplatelet effects and reduced monocyte tissue factor expression by milrinone. Milrinone 192-201 coagulation factor III, tissue factor Homo sapiens 164-177 19934866-9 2009 CONCLUSION: Continuous milrinone infusion has the potential to reduce platelet activation and monocyte tissue factor expression during the perioperative period in total knee arthroplasty. Milrinone 23-32 coagulation factor III, tissue factor Homo sapiens 103-116 35507915-6 2022 Between subgroups of patients with CrCl >=30 ml/min, there were no significant differences in primary outcomes; milrinone was associated with more frequent hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias during the infusion period (p<0.01), while levosimendan was associated with more frequent cardiac arrhythmias within 48 h after discontinuation (p<0.05). Milrinone 112-121 CRCL Homo sapiens 35-39 34234439-0 2021 Milrinone Ameliorates the Neuroinflammation and Memory Function of Alzheimer"s Disease in an APP/PS1 Mouse Model. Milrinone 0-9 presenilin 1 Mus musculus 97-100 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 interleukin 1 alpha Mus musculus 80-102 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 104-108 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 114-147 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 Mus musculus 166-171 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 190-194 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 Mus musculus 195-200 34234439-8 2021 The in vitro results demonstrated that milrinone could inhibit the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha via regulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Milrinone 39-48 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 201-210 2556283-1 1989 Milrinone and enalapril, which inhibit PDE-III and ACE, respectively, are able to prolong survival of myocardially infarcted (MI) rats. Milrinone 0-9 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 51-54 35243658-9 2022 Following milrinone therapy, median BNP levels decreased significantly (882 (286-3768) to 631 (278-1378) pg/ml, p = .017) with a significant reduction in the number of patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III and IV (p = .012, 0.013) and an increase in number of patients on GDMT. Milrinone 10-19 natriuretic peptide B Homo sapiens 36-39 35083882-12 2022 CONCLUSIONS: In this small-scale study of ambulatory advanced HF patients, we observed improvements in right ventricular systolic function, maximal O2 consumption, and BNP after switching from milrinone to levosimendan based IIT. Milrinone 193-202 natriuretic peptide B Homo sapiens 168-171 2484087-0 1989 The role of cyclic AMP and the dihydropyridine-sensitive channels on the mechanism of action of milrinone (Corotrope). Milrinone 96-105 transmembrane serine protease 5 Rattus norvegicus 19-22 2484087-1 1989 Milrinone (Corotrope) increased cyclic AMP levels in dog guinea pig and rat cardiac muscle. Milrinone 0-9 transmembrane serine protease 5 Rattus norvegicus 39-42 2484087-1 1989 Milrinone (Corotrope) increased cyclic AMP levels in dog guinea pig and rat cardiac muscle. Milrinone 11-20 transmembrane serine protease 5 Rattus norvegicus 39-42 2484087-2 1989 A correlation between the increase in contractile force and cyclic AMP levels in dog ventricular trabeculae was obtained when measurements were made 60-70 s after the addition of milrinone. Milrinone 179-188 transmembrane serine protease 5 Rattus norvegicus 67-70 2484087-4 1989 In dog Purkinje tissue and rat cardiac muscle, milrinone had minimal or no effects on contractile force but increased cardiac cyclic AMP levels. Milrinone 47-56 transmembrane serine protease 5 Rattus norvegicus 133-136 2535910-4 1989 This PDE isozyme (referred to as peak IIIc PDE) is sensitive to selective inhibition by amrinone, milrinone, imazodan, CI-930, piroximone, and numerous other PDE inhibitors. Milrinone 98-107 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 5-8 2535910-4 1989 This PDE isozyme (referred to as peak IIIc PDE) is sensitive to selective inhibition by amrinone, milrinone, imazodan, CI-930, piroximone, and numerous other PDE inhibitors. Milrinone 98-107 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 38-46 2535910-4 1989 This PDE isozyme (referred to as peak IIIc PDE) is sensitive to selective inhibition by amrinone, milrinone, imazodan, CI-930, piroximone, and numerous other PDE inhibitors. Milrinone 98-107 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 43-46 2535910-7 1989 Both positive inotropy and vasorelaxation by milrinone and other PDE IIIc inhibitors can be linked to inhibition of PDE IIIc and activation of the cAMP system. Milrinone 45-54 aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 Homo sapiens 116-119 2483708-2 1989 The thrombin-induced t-PA release can be blocked by increasing the intracellular c-AMP via either the activation of adenylate cyclase by means of forskolin, or the inhibition of the phosphodiesterase by means of motapizone or milrinone. Milrinone 226-235 coagulation factor II, thrombin Sus scrofa 4-12 2483708-2 1989 The thrombin-induced t-PA release can be blocked by increasing the intracellular c-AMP via either the activation of adenylate cyclase by means of forskolin, or the inhibition of the phosphodiesterase by means of motapizone or milrinone. Milrinone 226-235 plasminogen activator, tissue type Sus scrofa 21-25 2484087-6 1989 However, under these conditions, milrinone was found to elevate cardiac cyclic AMP upon each administration. Milrinone 33-42 transmembrane serine protease 5 Rattus norvegicus 79-82 2846825-4 1988 Although the insulin-increased cAMP PDE exhibits the same sensitivity as control PDE from untreated preparations to isobutylmethyl xanthine, a nonspecific PDE inhibitor, and M & B 22,948, a relatively selective cyclic GMP PDE inhibitor, differences in the degree of inhibition of PDE activity are seen in the insulin-treated and untreated preparations with the low Km cAMP PDE inhibitors Ro20-1724, rolipram, amrinone and milrinone and with cyclic GMP. Milrinone 426-435 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 2968801-9 1988 Through interaction with calmodulin, the channel blockers inhibit thyroid hormone and milrinone stimulation of myocardial membrane Ca2+-ATPase. Milrinone 86-95 calmodulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 25-35 33739957-1 2021 OBJECTIVES: We compared the effect of two inodilators, levosimendan and milrinone, on the plasma levels of myocardial injury biomarkers, that is, high-sensitivity troponin T and heart-type fatty acid binding protein, and on N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker of ventricular function. Milrinone 72-81 fatty acid binding protein 3 Homo sapiens 178-215 2455846-0 1988 The effect of extracellular Ca2+ and related ions on the cardiac action of milrinone. Milrinone 75-84 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 28-31 2455846-1 1988 The biphasic single dose, dose-response curve of milrinone was sensitive to [Ca2+]0. Milrinone 49-58 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 77-80 2455846-3 1988 The inotropic response to milrinone in contrast to norepinephrine is highly sensitive to the extracellular [Ca2+]0. Milrinone 26-35 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 108-111 2455846-4 1988 At low [Ca2+]0 of 0.15 mM milrinone could produce a negative inotropic effect. Milrinone 26-35 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 8-11 2455846-5 1988 The positive inotropic effect of milrinone was proportional to [Ca2+]0 up to 2.7 mM. Milrinone 33-42 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 64-67 2455846-6 1988 With [Ca2+]0 above 3.6 mM and low [Na+]0, the inotropic response to milrinone was reduced. Milrinone 68-77 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 6-9 2455846-14 1988 The results are discussed and it is suggested that milrinone acts on Ca2+ channels in the sarcolemma and intracellularly by increasing cyclic AMP which activates Ca2+ release and uptake from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Milrinone 51-60 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 69-72 2455846-14 1988 The results are discussed and it is suggested that milrinone acts on Ca2+ channels in the sarcolemma and intracellularly by increasing cyclic AMP which activates Ca2+ release and uptake from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Milrinone 51-60 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 162-165 2968801-0 1988 Calcium channel blocker inhibition of the calmodulin-dependent effects of thyroid hormone and milrinone on rabbit myocardial membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity. Milrinone 94-103 calmodulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 42-52 3675620-0 1987 Competition of milrinone, a non-iodinated cardiac inotropic agent, with thyroid hormone for binding sites on human serum prealbumin (TBPA). Milrinone 15-24 transthyretin Oryctolagus cuniculus 121-131 3675620-6 1987 In the present studies, milrinone was examined for activity as an inhibitor of iodothyronine binding by human serum thyroid hormone transport proteins, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), prealbumin (TBPA) and albumin. Milrinone 24-33 transthyretin Oryctolagus cuniculus 186-196 33996810-6 2021 Moreover, the analysis of nuclear reprogramming via the examination of the expression levels of the reprogramming-related genes POU5F1, DPPA2, and NDP52IL in milrinone-supplemented BCB- oocytes showed higher expression levels than that in non-treated BCB- oocytes. Milrinone 158-167 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 128-134 33996810-6 2021 Moreover, the analysis of nuclear reprogramming via the examination of the expression levels of the reprogramming-related genes POU5F1, DPPA2, and NDP52IL in milrinone-supplemented BCB- oocytes showed higher expression levels than that in non-treated BCB- oocytes. Milrinone 158-167 developmental pluripotency associated 2 Homo sapiens 136-141 33858886-5 2021 As PAH was refractory to iNO and milrinone, vasopressin was added which resulted in rapid improvement in oxygenation and normalisation of pulmonary artery pressures. Milrinone 33-42 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 44-55 33316484-9 2021 SCI significantly increased serum and spinal cord tissue GPx, TOS, 8- OHdG, and IL-6 levels which were successfully reduced with milrinone treatment. Milrinone 129-138 interleukin 6 Rattus norvegicus 80-84 33316484-10 2021 IL-10 and TAS levels decreased as a result of SCI increased with milrinone treatment. Milrinone 65-74 interleukin 10 Rattus norvegicus 0-5