PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
26632862-4	2015	The known mu-opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist, buprenorphine, was structurally elaborated to include an amidoalkylamine linker moiety that was coupled with a range of fluorophores to afford new fluorescent probes.	Buprenorphine	52-65	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	10-28
26632862-4	2015	The known mu-opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist, buprenorphine, was structurally elaborated to include an amidoalkylamine linker moiety that was coupled with a range of fluorophores to afford new fluorescent probes.	Buprenorphine	52-65	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
26153065-0	2015	Buprenorphine-elicited alteration of adenylate cyclase activity in human embryonic kidney 293 cells coexpressing kappa-, mu-opioid and nociceptin receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	135-145
26153065-1	2015	Buprenorphine, a maintenance drug for heroin addicts, exerts its pharmacological function via kappa- (KOP), mu-opioid (MOP) and nociceptin/opioid receptor-like 1 (NOP) receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 2	Homo sapiens	102-105
26153065-7	2015	Buprenorphine, when applied acutely, inhibited AC activity to ~90% in cells expressing KOP+MOP+NOP receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	91-94
26153065-7	2015	Buprenorphine, when applied acutely, inhibited AC activity to ~90% in cells expressing KOP+MOP+NOP receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	95-98
26153065-8	2015	Chronic exposure to buprenorphine induced concentration-dependent AC superactivation in cells expressing KOP+NOP receptors, and the level of this superactivation was even higher in KOP+MOP+NOP-expressing cells.	Buprenorphine	20-33	serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 2	Homo sapiens	105-108
26153065-1	2015	Buprenorphine, a maintenance drug for heroin addicts, exerts its pharmacological function via kappa- (KOP), mu-opioid (MOP) and nociceptin/opioid receptor-like 1 (NOP) receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
26153065-8	2015	Chronic exposure to buprenorphine induced concentration-dependent AC superactivation in cells expressing KOP+NOP receptors, and the level of this superactivation was even higher in KOP+MOP+NOP-expressing cells.	Buprenorphine	20-33	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	109-112
26153065-1	2015	Buprenorphine, a maintenance drug for heroin addicts, exerts its pharmacological function via kappa- (KOP), mu-opioid (MOP) and nociceptin/opioid receptor-like 1 (NOP) receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	128-138
26153065-8	2015	Chronic exposure to buprenorphine induced concentration-dependent AC superactivation in cells expressing KOP+NOP receptors, and the level of this superactivation was even higher in KOP+MOP+NOP-expressing cells.	Buprenorphine	20-33	serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 2	Homo sapiens	181-184
26153065-8	2015	Chronic exposure to buprenorphine induced concentration-dependent AC superactivation in cells expressing KOP+NOP receptors, and the level of this superactivation was even higher in KOP+MOP+NOP-expressing cells.	Buprenorphine	20-33	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	185-188
26153065-1	2015	Buprenorphine, a maintenance drug for heroin addicts, exerts its pharmacological function via kappa- (KOP), mu-opioid (MOP) and nociceptin/opioid receptor-like 1 (NOP) receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	163-166
26153065-8	2015	Chronic exposure to buprenorphine induced concentration-dependent AC superactivation in cells expressing KOP+NOP receptors, and the level of this superactivation was even higher in KOP+MOP+NOP-expressing cells.	Buprenorphine	20-33	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	189-192
26153065-7	2015	Buprenorphine, when applied acutely, inhibited AC activity to ~90% in cells expressing KOP+MOP+NOP receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 2	Homo sapiens	87-90
26153065-9	2015	Our study demonstrated that MOP receptor could enhance AC regulation in the presence of coexpressed KOP and NOP receptors, and NOP receptor is essential for concentration-dependent AC superactivation elicited by chronic buprenorphine exposure.	Buprenorphine	220-233	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	28-31
26153065-9	2015	Our study demonstrated that MOP receptor could enhance AC regulation in the presence of coexpressed KOP and NOP receptors, and NOP receptor is essential for concentration-dependent AC superactivation elicited by chronic buprenorphine exposure.	Buprenorphine	220-233	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	108-111
25521224-9	2015	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Signalling to AC and ERK via the mutant MOPr-A6V was decreased for many opioids, including the clinically significant drugs morphine, buprenorphine and fentanyl, as well endogenous opioids.	Buprenorphine	164-177	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	70-78
26153065-9	2015	Our study demonstrated that MOP receptor could enhance AC regulation in the presence of coexpressed KOP and NOP receptors, and NOP receptor is essential for concentration-dependent AC superactivation elicited by chronic buprenorphine exposure.	Buprenorphine	220-233	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	127-130
25935736-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: Medication assisted treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone (Bup/Nx), including prescribing and dispensing practices of general practitioners (GPs) in Malaysia and their patients" experiences with this treatment have not been systematically examined.	Buprenorphine	46-59	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	70-73
25683329-5	2015	This study also demonstrated that buprenorphine led to a significant increase in the serum activities of ALT, AST, and LDH as well as liver lipid peroxidation content with a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes in the liver of buprenorphine-treated aged rat versus the aged matched control animals.	Buprenorphine	34-47	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	110-113
25898137-4	2015	The present article describes aryl ring analogues of buprenorphine in which the standard C20-methyl group has been moved to the C7beta position, resulting in ligands with the desired profile.	Buprenorphine	53-66	endogenous retrovirus group K member 14	Homo sapiens	128-134
25765484-0	2015	HIV-gp120 and physical dependence to buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	37-50	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4	Homo sapiens	4-9
26043968-11	2015	In summary, restoration of the analgesic activity of morphine and buprenorphine by blockade of IL-1 signaling suggests that increased IL-1beta responses may account for the decreased analgesic efficacy of opioids observed in the treatment of neuropathy.	Buprenorphine	66-79	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	134-142
25997674-3	2015	Cox Proportional Hazards ratios for patients treated with either methadone or buprenorphine showed approximately 50% lower risk of relapse than behavioral treatment without OAT.	Buprenorphine	78-91	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A	Homo sapiens	0-3
25716997-0	2015	Buprenorphine decreases the CCL2-mediated chemotactic response of monocytes.	Buprenorphine	0-13	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
25358852-3	2015	OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the consequences of two administration patterns of methadone and buprenorphine on striatal dopamine D1 (D1R) and D2 (D2R) receptor levels.	Buprenorphine	90-103	dopamine receptor D2	Homo sapiens	142-145
25716997-7	2015	Buprenorphine decreases the formation of membrane projections in response to CCL2.	Buprenorphine	0-13	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	77-81
25716997-8	2015	It also decreases CCL2-induced chemotaxis and mediates a delay in reinsertion of the CCL2 receptor, CCR2, into the cell membrane after CCL2-mediated receptor internalization, suggesting a mechanism of action of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	211-224	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
25716997-8	2015	It also decreases CCL2-induced chemotaxis and mediates a delay in reinsertion of the CCL2 receptor, CCR2, into the cell membrane after CCL2-mediated receptor internalization, suggesting a mechanism of action of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	211-224	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
25716997-8	2015	It also decreases CCL2-induced chemotaxis and mediates a delay in reinsertion of the CCL2 receptor, CCR2, into the cell membrane after CCL2-mediated receptor internalization, suggesting a mechanism of action of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	211-224	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	100-104
25716997-8	2015	It also decreases CCL2-induced chemotaxis and mediates a delay in reinsertion of the CCL2 receptor, CCR2, into the cell membrane after CCL2-mediated receptor internalization, suggesting a mechanism of action of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	211-224	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
25716997-10	2015	We show that buprenorphine decreases these phosphorylations in CCL2-treated monocytes.	Buprenorphine	13-26	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	63-67
25716997-11	2015	Using DAMGO, CTAP, and Nor-BNI, we demonstrate that the effect of buprenorphine on CCL2 signaling is opioid receptor mediated.	Buprenorphine	66-79	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
25716997-12	2015	To identify additional potential mechanisms by which buprenorphine inhibits CCL2-induced monocyte migration, we performed proteomic analyses to characterize additional proteins in monocytes whose phosphorylation after CCL2 treatment was inhibited by buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	53-66	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
25716997-12	2015	To identify additional potential mechanisms by which buprenorphine inhibits CCL2-induced monocyte migration, we performed proteomic analyses to characterize additional proteins in monocytes whose phosphorylation after CCL2 treatment was inhibited by buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	53-66	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	218-222
25716997-12	2015	To identify additional potential mechanisms by which buprenorphine inhibits CCL2-induced monocyte migration, we performed proteomic analyses to characterize additional proteins in monocytes whose phosphorylation after CCL2 treatment was inhibited by buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	250-263	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	76-80
25716997-12	2015	To identify additional potential mechanisms by which buprenorphine inhibits CCL2-induced monocyte migration, we performed proteomic analyses to characterize additional proteins in monocytes whose phosphorylation after CCL2 treatment was inhibited by buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	250-263	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	218-222
25716997-14	2015	We propose that buprenorphine limits CCL2-mediated monocyte transmigration into the CNS, thereby reducing neuroinflammation characteristic of HAND.	Buprenorphine	16-29	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
24850608-1	2014	AIMS: Evaluation of State Opioid Substitution Treatment OST (methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone- Addnok-N) program in Georgia and optimization of the routine measurement instrument.	Buprenorphine	75-88	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	56-59
25889208-9	2015	CONCLUSION: Illicit use of methadone and buprenorphine involve risks but may also have important roles to play for users who are unwilling or not given the opportunity to enter OST.	Buprenorphine	41-54	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	177-180
25512031-5	2015	Patients who received buprenorphine as an adjuvant to the local anaesthetic had significantly longer sensory blockade and lower NRS-rated pain intensity with the difference reaching statistical significance at 12 hours post-surgery.	Buprenorphine	22-35	sphingolipid transporter 1 (putative)	Homo sapiens	128-131
25312475-2	2015	Owing to its partial agonist properties, buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) may confer advantages over full agonist opioids for treatment of both conditions.	Buprenorphine	41-54	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	65-71
24999060-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX), an effective treatment for opioid dependence, has been implicated in hepatic toxicity.	Buprenorphine	12-25	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
25191915-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical effect and safety of low-dose buprenorphine, a kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in midlife and older adults.	Buprenorphine	66-79	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	83-104
24126707-0	2014	Genetic variation in OPRD1 and the response to treatment for opioid dependence with buprenorphine in European-American females.	Buprenorphine	84-97	opioid receptor delta 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
24126707-4	2014	This study analyses the pharmacogenetic association of six polymorphisms in OPRD1, the gene encoding the delta-opioid receptor, on treatment outcome in 582 opioid addicted European Americans randomized to either methadone or buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) over the course of a 24-week open-label clinical trial.	Buprenorphine	225-238	opioid receptor delta 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
24761755-3	2014	In this study it is shown that a phenyl ring analogue (1d) of buprenorphine displays the desired profile in vitro with high, nonselective affinity for the MOP, KOP, and DOP receptors coupled with moderate affinity for NOP receptors.	Buprenorphine	62-75	serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
24679456-8	2014	Morphine, buprenorphine and fentanyl all promoted LPS- or LTA-induced TNF-alpha and IL-10 production.	Buprenorphine	10-23	tumor necrosis factor	Canis lupus familiaris	70-79
24679456-8	2014	Morphine, buprenorphine and fentanyl all promoted LPS- or LTA-induced TNF-alpha and IL-10 production.	Buprenorphine	10-23	interleukin 10	Canis lupus familiaris	84-89
25178815-12	2015	BPN (0.25 mg/kg) did not alter DA levels when given alone but prevented the KOR agonist U50,488 from reducing DA levels.	Buprenorphine	0-3	opioid receptor, kappa 1	Mus musculus	76-79
24256307-0	2015	Influence of uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) variants on postoperative buprenorphine analgesia.	Buprenorphine	94-107	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	60-66
24256307-3	2015	This study investigates a possible difference in the response to postoperative buprenorphine analgesia related to the presence of different isoforms (cytosine or thymine substitution at nucleotide 802) of UGT2B7 gene.	Buprenorphine	79-92	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	205-211
24256307-13	2015	CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the SNP 802C>T UGT2B7 (UGT2B7*2/*2) is associated with a worse analgesic response to transdermal buprenorphine in the postoperative period of thoracic surgery.	Buprenorphine	129-142	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	47-53
24256307-13	2015	CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the SNP 802C>T UGT2B7 (UGT2B7*2/*2) is associated with a worse analgesic response to transdermal buprenorphine in the postoperative period of thoracic surgery.	Buprenorphine	129-142	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	55-61
24846673-7	2014	KEY RESULTS: Buprenorphine efficacy was reduced by over 50% at MOPr-N40D for AC inhibition and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.	Buprenorphine	13-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	95-101
25015174-0	2014	A population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling approach to support the clinical development of RBP-6000, a new, subcutaneously injectable, long-acting, sustained-release formulation of buprenorphine, for the treatment of opioid dependence.	Buprenorphine	197-210	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
25015174-1	2014	BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study implemented pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling to support the clinical development of RBP-6000, a new, long-acting, sustained-release formulation of buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid dependence.	Buprenorphine	194-207	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
25015174-10	2014	Model simulations indicated that a 200 mg RBP-6000 dose should achieve 2-3 ng/mL buprenorphine average concentrations and desired efficacy.	Buprenorphine	81-94	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
24606726-10	2014	At the shortest trial duration, an aversive effect was observed with the buprenorphine/naloxone combination in animals, involving opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1).	Buprenorphine	73-86	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	130-152
24606726-10	2014	At the shortest trial duration, an aversive effect was observed with the buprenorphine/naloxone combination in animals, involving opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1).	Buprenorphine	73-86	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	154-158
24536038-9	2014	Slight alterations of plasma haptoglobin at t = 48 h, body weight, plasma and synovial eotaxin and plasma G-CSF were found in buprenorphine-treated mice.	Buprenorphine	126-139	haptoglobin	Mus musculus	29-40
24536038-9	2014	Slight alterations of plasma haptoglobin at t = 48 h, body weight, plasma and synovial eotaxin and plasma G-CSF were found in buprenorphine-treated mice.	Buprenorphine	126-139	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11	Mus musculus	87-94
24536038-9	2014	Slight alterations of plasma haptoglobin at t = 48 h, body weight, plasma and synovial eotaxin and plasma G-CSF were found in buprenorphine-treated mice.	Buprenorphine	126-139	peripheral blood stem cell response to granulocyte colony stimulating factor 1	Mus musculus	106-111
24695018-2	2014	Medication-assisted treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NAL) has been shown to be effective up to 12 weeks.	Buprenorphine	35-48	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	59-66
24401792-9	2014	The number of c-Fos-IR cells in the VcI/II at every level (0-3.6 mm caudal to the obex) after formalin injection was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) with preadministration of morphine (3 mg/kg) or buprenorphine (100 microg/kg) in the control rats.	Buprenorphine	203-216	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
24321744-7	2014	Results of parallel cell studies further demonstrated a negative impact of buprenorphine on cultured neurospheres, including proliferation, differentiation, BDNF expression and signaling, and PKA activity.	Buprenorphine	75-88	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
24321744-7	2014	Results of parallel cell studies further demonstrated a negative impact of buprenorphine on cultured neurospheres, including proliferation, differentiation, BDNF expression and signaling, and PKA activity.	Buprenorphine	75-88	protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	192-195
24321744-8	2014	Taken together, our results suggest that prenatal exposure to buprenorphine might result in depression-like phenotypes associated with impaired BDNF action and decreased neurogenesis in the developing brain of weanlings.	Buprenorphine	62-75	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	144-148
24274990-8	2014	On one hand, the hypothesis that possible gene-related changes in kappa-opioid receptor could consistently affect buprenorphine pharmacological action and clinical effectiveness was not confirmed in our study, at least in relation to the single nucleotide polymorphism 36G>T. On the other hand, the possibility that gene-related dopamine changes could have reduced BUP effectiveness and impaired maintenance treatment outcome was cautiously supported by our findings.	Buprenorphine	114-127	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	66-87
25760046-8	2014	Methadone and buprenorphine alone had no effect, but methadone interacted with Tat to further increase production of CCL5/RANTES.	Buprenorphine	14-27	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5	Homo sapiens	117-121
24367510-7	2013	Since BDNF/serotonin and CREB signaling could orchestrate a positive feedback loop, our findings suggest that the induction of oxidative stress, reduction of BDNF and serotonin expression, and attenuation of CREB signaling induced by prenatal exposure to supra-therapeutic dose of buprenorphine provide evidence of potential mechanism for the development of depression-like neurobehavior.	Buprenorphine	281-294	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	6-10
24367510-7	2013	Since BDNF/serotonin and CREB signaling could orchestrate a positive feedback loop, our findings suggest that the induction of oxidative stress, reduction of BDNF and serotonin expression, and attenuation of CREB signaling induced by prenatal exposure to supra-therapeutic dose of buprenorphine provide evidence of potential mechanism for the development of depression-like neurobehavior.	Buprenorphine	281-294	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	208-212
23896305-10	2013	The SMR was 3.0 (95% CI 2.3-3.8) and 3.1 (95% CI 2.8-3.4) for buprenorphine and other clients, respectively.	Buprenorphine	62-75	LY6/PLAUR domain containing 4	Homo sapiens	4-7
23896305-11	2013	Excess mortality was highest among women aged 20-29 years, and more pronounced in buprenorphine clients (SMR 27.9 [95% CI 12.6-49.0]) compared to other clients (SMR 14.0 [95% CI 9.3-19.6]).	Buprenorphine	82-95	LY6/PLAUR domain containing 4	Homo sapiens	105-108
23965172-4	2013	In contrast, morphine and buprenorphine induced markedly and significantly lower levels of interleukin-4 mRNA and protein.	Buprenorphine	26-39	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	91-104
23922192-8	2013	Two studies (n = 288) assessed "responders" and showed a significant difference between TD buprenorphine and placebo in all three doses of TD buprenorphine, 35.5, 52.5, or 70 mug/h (RR 1.74, 95 % CI 1.31-2.32; I (2) 0 %); the numbers-needed-to-treat was 5.8 (3.9-11).	Buprenorphine	91-104	ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1	Homo sapiens	182-186
23983011-16	2013	Transdermal buprenorphine (two trials, 653 participants) may make little difference for pain (SMD -2.47, 95%CI -2.69 to -2.25; very low quality evidence), but no difference compared to placebo for function (SMD -0.14, 95%CI -0.53 to 0.25; very low quality evidence).	Buprenorphine	12-25	small nuclear ribonucleoprotein D2 polypeptide	Homo sapiens	94-100
23599513-0	2013	P-glycoprotein should be considered as an additional factor contributing to opioid-induced respiratory depression in paediatrics: the buprenorphine example.	Buprenorphine	134-147	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	0-14
23707283-1	2013	Few studies have examined abuse of prescription opioids among individuals with chronic pain under buprenorphine/naloxone (Bup/Nx) maintenance.	Buprenorphine	98-111	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	122-125
23558760-9	2013	Neither buprenorphine nor fentanyl affected CD4+ or CD8+levels and both treatments, but particularly buprenorphine group, resulted in more stable CD4+ concentrations.	Buprenorphine	101-114	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	146-149
29913911-6	2013	Results Buprenorphine is a potent opioid analgesic acting on all four opioid receptors: it is an agonist on the mu-, the delta, and the ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	8-21	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	136-141
22975888-10	2012	In P-glycoprotein-knockout mice, buprenorphine-related effects on VE (p < .01), TE (p < .001), and TI (p < .05) and norbuprenorphine-related effects on VE (p < .05) and TI (p < .001) were significantly enhanced.	Buprenorphine	33-46	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	3-17
23603932-0	2013	Antihyperalgesic effect of buprenorphine involves nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide-receptor activation in rats with spinal nerve injury-induced neuropathy.	Buprenorphine	27-40	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	50-60
23603932-5	2013	Intrathecal injection of [N-Phe(1)]nociceptin(1-13)NH2, a NOP-receptor antagonist, reversed the effect of buprenorphine in neuropathic rats, but not in naive rats.	Buprenorphine	106-119	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	35-45
22975888-0	2012	Respiratory toxicity of buprenorphine results from the blockage of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of norbuprenorphine at the blood-brain barrier in mice.	Buprenorphine	24-37	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	67-81
22975888-3	2012	Recently, norbuprenorphine, in contrast to buprenorphine, was shown in vitro to be a substrate of human P-glycoprotein, a drug-transporter involved in all steps of pharmacokinetics including transport at the blood-brain barrier.	Buprenorphine	13-26	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	104-118
22975888-4	2012	Our objectives were to assess P-glycoprotein involvement in norbuprenorphine transport in vivo and study its role in the modulation of buprenorphine-related respiratory effects in mice.	Buprenorphine	63-76	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	30-44
23421567-4	2013	Subjects underwent baseline and steady-state evaluation of the effect of raltegravir 400 mg BID on buprenorphine/naloxone parameters.	Buprenorphine	99-112	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	92-95
22975888-13	2012	CONCLUSIONS: P-glycoprotein plays a key-protective role in buprenorphine-related respiratory effects, by allowing norbuprenorphine efflux at the blood-brain barrier.	Buprenorphine	59-72	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	13-27
22975888-14	2012	Our findings suggest a major role for drug-drug interactions that lead to P-glycoprotein inhibition in buprenorphine-associated fatalities and respiratory depression.	Buprenorphine	103-116	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	74-88
22980449-5	2012	Data were collected for 143 patients who were induced with buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) between June 2009 and November 2011.	Buprenorphine	59-72	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	83-90
22385931-2	2012	Morphine, buprenorphine, fentanyl, and saline control were administered intravenously to five cats and whole blood pathogen associated molecular pattern motif-induced CXCL-8 production capacity was evaluated.	Buprenorphine	10-23	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Felis catus	167-173
23106931-9	2012	Both HCV-positive and negative buprenorphine-maintained participants exhibited lower GGT levels than those who were methadone-maintained (P < 0.05).	Buprenorphine	31-44	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
22369095-8	2012	AIMS: To compare the O- (CYP2D6 mediated) and N- (CYP3A4 mediated) demethylation metabolism of tramadol between methadone and buprenorphine maintained CYP2D6 extensive metabolizer subjects.	Buprenorphine	126-139	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	151-157
22739506-6	2012	Human P-glycoprotein-mediated transport in vitro of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and their respective glucuronide conjugates was assessed by using transfected cells.	Buprenorphine	52-65	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	6-20
22946908-6	2012	A systematic analysis using eleven known human SULTs revealed SULT1A3 and SULT2A1 as the major responsible SULTs for the sulfation of, respectively, pentazocine and buprenorphine; whereas three other SULTs, SULT1A1, SULT1A2, and SULT1C4, were capable of sulfating naloxone.	Buprenorphine	165-178	sulfotransferase family 1A member 3	Homo sapiens	62-69
22743574-0	2012	Roles of mu-opioid receptors and nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptors in buprenorphine-induced physiological responses in primates.	Buprenorphine	77-90	prepronociceptin	Macaca mulatta	33-43
22743574-1	2012	Buprenorphine is known as a mu-opioid peptide (MOP) receptor agonist, but its antinociception is compromised by the activation of nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptors in rodents.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Macaca mulatta	130-140
22845044-2	2012	This study evaluated the effect of ketoconazole, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, on the metabolism of buprenorphine following the administration of a buprenorphine transdermal system 10 mug/hour (BTDS 10).	Buprenorphine	90-103	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	51-57
22504149-10	2012	The effect of buprenorphine was reduced on local anesthetic insensitive Nav1.4-mutant constructs and was more pronounced on the inactivation-deficient Nav1.4-WCW mutant.	Buprenorphine	14-27	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IV, alpha	Mus musculus	72-78
22504149-10	2012	The effect of buprenorphine was reduced on local anesthetic insensitive Nav1.4-mutant constructs and was more pronounced on the inactivation-deficient Nav1.4-WCW mutant.	Buprenorphine	14-27	sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IV, alpha	Mus musculus	151-157
22946908-6	2012	A systematic analysis using eleven known human SULTs revealed SULT1A3 and SULT2A1 as the major responsible SULTs for the sulfation of, respectively, pentazocine and buprenorphine; whereas three other SULTs, SULT1A1, SULT1A2, and SULT1C4, were capable of sulfating naloxone.	Buprenorphine	165-178	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	74-81
21852093-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) is not licenced for use in China or Thailand and there was little clinical experience with this drug combination in these countries at the inception of HIV Prevention Trial Network (HPTN) 058, a randomized trial comparing risk reduction counselling combined with either short-term or long-term medication assisted treatment with BUP/NX to prevent HIV infection and death amongst opioid-dependent injectors.	Buprenorphine	12-25	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	36-42
21852093-1	2012	BACKGROUND: Buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) is not licenced for use in China or Thailand and there was little clinical experience with this drug combination in these countries at the inception of HIV Prevention Trial Network (HPTN) 058, a randomized trial comparing risk reduction counselling combined with either short-term or long-term medication assisted treatment with BUP/NX to prevent HIV infection and death amongst opioid-dependent injectors.	Buprenorphine	12-25	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	373-379
21600706-0	2011	Differential antinociceptive effects of buprenorphine and methadone in the presence of HIV-gp120.	Buprenorphine	40-53	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	91-96
22119647-1	2012	Buprenorphine (BUP) is a partial agonist at mu-, delta- and ORL1 (opioid receptor-like)/nociceptin receptors and antagonist at the kappa-opioid receptor site.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	44-87
22119647-1	2012	Buprenorphine (BUP) is a partial agonist at mu-, delta- and ORL1 (opioid receptor-like)/nociceptin receptors and antagonist at the kappa-opioid receptor site.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	131-152
22148986-7	2012	CYP3A4 inactivates methadone, meperidine, and buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	46-59	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	0-6
22002899-0	2012	Oligodendrocyte responses to buprenorphine uncover novel and opposing roles of mu-opioid- and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptors in cell development: implications for drug addiction treatment during pregnancy.	Buprenorphine	29-42	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	79-104
22002899-0	2012	Oligodendrocyte responses to buprenorphine uncover novel and opposing roles of mu-opioid- and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptors in cell development: implications for drug addiction treatment during pregnancy.	Buprenorphine	29-42	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	105-116
22002899-6	2012	We have now found that this biphasic-dose response to buprenorphine can be attributed to the participation of both the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP receptor) in the oligodendrocytes.	Buprenorphine	54-67	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	152-162
22002899-6	2012	We have now found that this biphasic-dose response to buprenorphine can be attributed to the participation of both the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP receptor) in the oligodendrocytes.	Buprenorphine	54-67	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	163-183
21515002-4	2011	Buprenorphine N-dealkylation to norbuprenorphine is primarily performed by CYP3A.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	75-80
21600706-7	2011	Buprenorphine thus appears to be a more effective analgesic than methadone in the presence of gp120 in the brain, a condition that is associated with HIV-related pain and infection.	Buprenorphine	0-13	Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	94-99
21515002-12	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Gender-related differences exist in the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine; differences in body composition appear to have a major impact; differences in CYPA-dependent metabolism may also contribute.	Buprenorphine	73-86	peptidylprolyl isomerase A	Homo sapiens	166-170
19887017-2	2010	The limited data obtained using in-vitro models indicate that methadone, buprenorphine, and cannabinoids may interact with human P-gp; but almost nothing is known about drugs of abuse and BCRP.	Buprenorphine	73-86	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
21866885-0	2011	Structural determinants of opioid and NOP receptor activity in derivatives of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	78-91	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	38-41
21866885-2	2011	Activation of nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptors has been postulated to account for certain aspects of buprenorphine"s behavioral profile.	Buprenorphine	115-128	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	14-24
21866885-2	2011	Activation of nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP) receptors has been postulated to account for certain aspects of buprenorphine"s behavioral profile.	Buprenorphine	115-128	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	46-49
21866885-3	2011	In order to investigate the role of NOP activation further, a series of buprenorphine analogues has been synthesized with the aim of increasing affinity for the NOP receptor.	Buprenorphine	72-85	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	161-164
21866885-4	2011	Binding and functional assay data on these new compounds indicate that the area around C20 in the orvinols is key to NOP receptor activity, with several compounds displaying higher affinity than buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	195-208	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	117-120
20099319-3	2011	Despite the current clinical use of a morphinane-based NOP/MOP mixed ligand (buprenorphine) as an analgesic and in the treatment of drug addictions, so far just a few clinical trials have been made with selective NOP ligands.	Buprenorphine	77-90	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
20099319-3	2011	Despite the current clinical use of a morphinane-based NOP/MOP mixed ligand (buprenorphine) as an analgesic and in the treatment of drug addictions, so far just a few clinical trials have been made with selective NOP ligands.	Buprenorphine	77-90	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	213-216
21112161-10	2011	Buprenorphine appears to be more effective in the presence of high levels of SDF-1alpha/CXCL12 in the brain (which frequently occurs during neuroinflammatory conditions).	Buprenorphine	0-13	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Rattus norvegicus	88-94
21858959-0	2011	Integrating buprenorphine treatment into a public healthcare system: the San Francisco Department of Public Health"s office-based Buprenorphine Pilot Program.	Buprenorphine	130-143	N-alpha-acetyltransferase 50, NatE catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	73-76
20803788-9	2010	IL-6 increased significantly when ISO or PEN were combined with buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	64-77	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
21671107-8	2011	The study demonstrated that methadone and buprenorphine exert initially different yet eventually convergent adaptive changes of AC activity in cells coexpressing human MOR and ORL1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	42-55	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
21671107-8	2011	The study demonstrated that methadone and buprenorphine exert initially different yet eventually convergent adaptive changes of AC activity in cells coexpressing human MOR and ORL1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	42-55	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	176-180
21112161-0	2011	Analgesic efficacy of buprenorphine in the presence of high levels of SDF-1alpha/CXCL12 in the brain.	Buprenorphine	22-35	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Rattus norvegicus	81-87
21598463-4	2011	The switch to the seven-day buprenorphine patch resulted in a clinically significant decrease of the mean pain intensity at rest during the day from 5.3 to 2.9, on physical effort during the day from 7.1 to 3.3, and at night from 4.9 to 1.9 at the end of the study (11-point NRS scale, p<or=0.001).	Buprenorphine	28-41	sphingolipid transporter 1 (putative)	Homo sapiens	275-278
21169793-6	2011	RESULTS: Exogenous and endogenous NGF resulting from Freund"s complete adjuvant inflammation produced significant potentiation and enhanced efficacy in fentanyl- and buprenorphine-induced dose-dependent antinociception, respectively.	Buprenorphine	166-179	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
21050175-5	2011	Furthermore, the efficacy of the mixed-action opioid buprenorphine, in attenuating alcohol consumption in human addicts and in alcohol-preferring animal models, at higher doses, has been attributed to its partial agonist activity at the NOP receptor.	Buprenorphine	53-66	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	237-240
21050175-11	2011	As with the case of buprenorphine, a mixed-action profile of NOP/opioid activity may provide a more effective drug to treat addiction to various abused substances and/or polydrug addiction.	Buprenorphine	20-33	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	61-64
20829393-0	2010	Differential activation of pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor by buprenorphine in primary human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells.	Buprenorphine	87-100	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	27-46
20829393-0	2010	Differential activation of pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor by buprenorphine in primary human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells.	Buprenorphine	87-100	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3	Homo sapiens	51-83
20829393-3	2010	Here, we investigate the effects of buprenorphine on the activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), as well as the induction of DMEs, in both HepG2 cells and human primary hepatocytes (HPHs).	Buprenorphine	36-49	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	71-90
20829393-3	2010	Here, we investigate the effects of buprenorphine on the activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), as well as the induction of DMEs, in both HepG2 cells and human primary hepatocytes (HPHs).	Buprenorphine	36-49	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	92-95
20829393-3	2010	Here, we investigate the effects of buprenorphine on the activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), as well as the induction of DMEs, in both HepG2 cells and human primary hepatocytes (HPHs).	Buprenorphine	36-49	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3	Homo sapiens	101-133
20829393-3	2010	Here, we investigate the effects of buprenorphine on the activation of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), as well as the induction of DMEs, in both HepG2 cells and human primary hepatocytes (HPHs).	Buprenorphine	36-49	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3	Homo sapiens	135-138
20829393-4	2010	In HepG2 cells, buprenorphine significantly increased human PXR-mediated CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 reporter activities.	Buprenorphine	16-29	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	60-63
20829393-4	2010	In HepG2 cells, buprenorphine significantly increased human PXR-mediated CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 reporter activities.	Buprenorphine	16-29	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	73-79
20829393-4	2010	In HepG2 cells, buprenorphine significantly increased human PXR-mediated CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 reporter activities.	Buprenorphine	16-29	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	84-90
20829393-5	2010	CYP2B6 reporter activity was also enhanced by buprenorphine in HepG2 cells cotransfected with a chemical-responsive human CAR variant.	Buprenorphine	46-59	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	0-6
20829393-5	2010	CYP2B6 reporter activity was also enhanced by buprenorphine in HepG2 cells cotransfected with a chemical-responsive human CAR variant.	Buprenorphine	46-59	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3	Homo sapiens	122-125
20829393-6	2010	Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that buprenorphine strongly induced CYP3A4 expression in both PXR- and CAR-transfected HepG2 cells.	Buprenorphine	81-94	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	112-118
20829393-6	2010	Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that buprenorphine strongly induced CYP3A4 expression in both PXR- and CAR-transfected HepG2 cells.	Buprenorphine	81-94	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	138-141
20829393-6	2010	Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that buprenorphine strongly induced CYP3A4 expression in both PXR- and CAR-transfected HepG2 cells.	Buprenorphine	81-94	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3	Homo sapiens	147-150
20829393-8	2010	Further studies indicated that buprenorphine could neither translocate human CAR to the nucleus nor activate CYP2B6/CYP3A4 reporter activities in transfected HPHs.	Buprenorphine	31-44	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	116-122
20672450-1	2010	BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to examine the pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in HIV-seronegative subjects chronically maintained on BUP/NLX.	Buprenorphine	89-102	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	113-120
20672450-1	2010	BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to examine the pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in HIV-seronegative subjects chronically maintained on BUP/NLX.	Buprenorphine	89-102	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	209-216
19887017-5	2010	Human P-gp was significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by norbuprenorphine>buprenorphine>methadone>ibogaine and THC.	Buprenorphine	81-94	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
19887017-6	2010	Similarly, BCRP was inhibited by buprenorphine>norbuprenorphine>ibogaine and THC.	Buprenorphine	33-46	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	11-15
21591321-6	2010	During treatment with the 7-day buprenorphine patch there was a clinically significant decrease of the mean pain intensity at rest during the day from 5.7 to 2.9, on physical effort during the day from 7.3 to 3.8 and at night from 5.2 to 2.3 (11-point NRS scale, p < or = 0.001).	Buprenorphine	32-45	sphingolipid transporter 1 (putative)	Homo sapiens	252-255
20819387-9	2010	These results indicate that perioperative analgesic treatment with buprenorphine or flunixin in the CD1 mouse undergoing embryo transfer is not associated with increased embryonic loss.	Buprenorphine	67-80	CD1 antigen complex	Mus musculus	100-103
19519662-5	2009	Our results demonstrate that receptor-internalizing agonists (like DAMGO, beta-endorphin, methadone, piritramide, fentanyl, sufentanil, and etonitazene) strongly induce NADH/NADPH-mediated ROS synthesis via PLD-dependent signaling pathways, whereas agonists that do not induce MOPr endocytosis and PLD2 activation (like morphine, buprenorphine, hydromorphone, and oxycodone) failed to activate ROS synthesis in transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Buprenorphine	330-343	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	207-210
19841060-0	2010	Contribution of the different UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms to buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine metabolism and relationship with the main UGT polymorphisms in a bank of human liver microsomes.	Buprenorphine	76-89	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	59-62
19841060-1	2010	The goal of this study was to evaluate the specific contribution of individual UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms in the metabolism of buprenorphine (BUP) and norbuprenorphine (Nor-BUP), as well as the impact of their genetic variations.	Buprenorphine	143-156	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	79-106
19841060-1	2010	The goal of this study was to evaluate the specific contribution of individual UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms in the metabolism of buprenorphine (BUP) and norbuprenorphine (Nor-BUP), as well as the impact of their genetic variations.	Buprenorphine	143-156	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	108-111
19841060-1	2010	The goal of this study was to evaluate the specific contribution of individual UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms in the metabolism of buprenorphine (BUP) and norbuprenorphine (Nor-BUP), as well as the impact of their genetic variations.	Buprenorphine	158-161	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	79-106
19841060-1	2010	The goal of this study was to evaluate the specific contribution of individual UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms in the metabolism of buprenorphine (BUP) and norbuprenorphine (Nor-BUP), as well as the impact of their genetic variations.	Buprenorphine	158-161	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	108-111
19370547-0	2009	Differential involvement of P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) in permeability, tissue distribution, and antinociceptive activity of methadone, buprenorphine, and diprenorphine: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.	Buprenorphine	132-145	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Mus musculus	44-49
19370547-4	2009	The objective of this study was to evaluate the P-gp affinity status of methadone, buprenorphine and diprenorphine to predict P-gp-mediated drug-drug interactions and to determine a better candidate for management of opioid dependence.	Buprenorphine	83-96	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	126-130
19591810-11	2009	Furthermore, the method was used to determine the effects of methadone, buprenorphine, and morphine on paclitaxel transfer by placental P-gp and revealed that they have higher affinity to the transporter than its classical inhibitor verapamil (K(i), 300 microM).	Buprenorphine	72-85	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	136-140
19409968-9	2009	When the opioid receptor partial agonist, buprenorphine, was given systemically, immediately after CFA, the inflammation-induced increase in HCN protein expression in both Western blot and immunohistochemical experiments was not observed.	Buprenorphine	42-55	cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
20534436-5	2010	Acute analgesic tolerance to morphine and related opioids (morphine-6-glucuronide and buprenorphine) was blocked by JNK inhibition, but not by G protein receptor kinase 3 knockout.	Buprenorphine	86-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	116-119
20420250-3	2010	At higher doses, buprenorphine potentiates antagonism at the kappa-opioid receptor.	Buprenorphine	17-30	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	61-82
20210727-7	2010	Methadone is the opiod most tightly associated with QTc prolongation; with much lesser potency buprenorphine and oxycodone can block HERG channels and depress the IKr current in vitro.Antineoplastic chemotherapy like anthracyclines, alkylating drugs, alkilants and cisplatin are associated with electrocardiographic alterations including prolongation of QT and emesis of different grades.	Buprenorphine	95-108	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	133-137
19841060-0	2010	Contribution of the different UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms to buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine metabolism and relationship with the main UGT polymorphisms in a bank of human liver microsomes.	Buprenorphine	76-89	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	30-57
19713488-2	2009	Buprenorphine, a high-affinity partial MOP receptor agonist also binds to NOP receptors with 80 nM affinity.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	39-51
19713488-9	2009	These results further support the hypothesis that activation of NOP receptors can lead to attenuation of MOP receptor-mediated antinociception elicited by mixed NOP/MOP receptor compounds such as buprenorphine, SR16435, and SR16507 and that, although buprenorphine has low efficacy in vitro, it has significant NOP receptor agonist activity in vivo.	Buprenorphine	196-209	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	105-117
19713488-9	2009	These results further support the hypothesis that activation of NOP receptors can lead to attenuation of MOP receptor-mediated antinociception elicited by mixed NOP/MOP receptor compounds such as buprenorphine, SR16435, and SR16507 and that, although buprenorphine has low efficacy in vitro, it has significant NOP receptor agonist activity in vivo.	Buprenorphine	251-264	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	105-117
19935937-3	2009	This article presents a short overview of drug interactions with methadone and buprenorphine, as an aid to medical doctors in contact with these patients.	Buprenorphine	79-92	activation induced cytidine deaminase	Homo sapiens	100-103
21197300-1	2009	This paper reviews the current clinical data for the role of transdermal buprenorphine (BUP TDS) in the treatment of diverse acute and chronic pain syndromes.	Buprenorphine	73-86	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	88-91
19519662-5	2009	Our results demonstrate that receptor-internalizing agonists (like DAMGO, beta-endorphin, methadone, piritramide, fentanyl, sufentanil, and etonitazene) strongly induce NADH/NADPH-mediated ROS synthesis via PLD-dependent signaling pathways, whereas agonists that do not induce MOPr endocytosis and PLD2 activation (like morphine, buprenorphine, hydromorphone, and oxycodone) failed to activate ROS synthesis in transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells.	Buprenorphine	330-343	phospholipase D2	Homo sapiens	298-302
18294936-8	2009	Since buprenorphine is metabolized through cytochrome P450 3A4, we genotyped six genetic polymorphisms previously described in poor metabolizers but could not confirm these pharmacogenetic bases in this case.	Buprenorphine	6-19	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	43-62
19494155-4	2009	As expected for a partial agonist, subsaturating concentrations of buprenorphine decreased the [Met](5)enkephalin (ME)-induced hyperpolarization or outward current.	Buprenorphine	67-80	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	103-113
18832476-5	2009	In the presence of combined P450 and UGT cofactors, CL(int) ranged from 2.8 to 688 microl/min/mg for zidovudine and buprenorphine, respectively; the clearance was approximately equal to the sum of the CL(int) values obtained in the presence of individual cofactors.	Buprenorphine	116-129	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	37-40
19285495-3	2009	In both cases, buprenorphine was able to inhibit bradykinin-stimulated CGRP secretion; however, inhibition was mediated by NOP receptors when buprenorphine was added to the incubation medium along with bradykinin, whereas it appeared to be mediated by mu-opioid receptors in bradykinin priming experiments.	Buprenorphine	15-28	calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
19325013-1	2009	BACKGROUND: Buprenorphine (BUP) is under investigation as a medication therapy for opioid-dependent pregnant women.	Buprenorphine	12-25	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	27-30
18801404-4	2008	However, although both medications were able to suppress alcohol use, the highest dose of buprenorphine was better than the highest dose of methadone, in reducing alcohol craving, ethanol intake (measured as daily number of drinks), and the ASI subscale of alcohol use.	Buprenorphine	90-103	arylsulfatase family member I	Homo sapiens	241-244
18775604-10	2008	The issues highlighted in the study reflect the need for recommendations for physicians prescribing OST in primary care to consider buprenorphine diversion during treatment more as non-adherence behavior than an abuse.	Buprenorphine	132-145	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	100-103
18634857-0	2008	The role of the opioid receptor-like (ORL1) receptor in motor stimulatory and rewarding actions of buprenorphine and morphine.	Buprenorphine	99-112	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	38-42
18634857-1	2008	We have previously shown that the ability of buprenorphine to activate the opioid receptor-like (ORL1) receptor compromises its antinociceptive effect.	Buprenorphine	45-58	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	97-101
18634857-3	2008	Thus, using mice lacking the ORL1 receptor and their wild-type littermates, the present study assessed the role of the ORL1 receptor in psychomotor stimulant and rewarding actions of buprenorphine and morphine.	Buprenorphine	183-196	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	119-123
18634857-6	2008	In contrast, buprenorphine (1 mg/kg) induced greater motor stimulation in ORL1 receptor knockout mice as compared with their wild-type littermates.	Buprenorphine	13-26	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	74-78
18634857-8	2008	The results of binding assay showed that buprenorphine concentration-dependently (0-1000 nM) displaced specific binding of [(3)H]-OFQ/N in brain membrane of wild-type mice.	Buprenorphine	41-54	prepronociceptin	Mus musculus	130-135
18634857-9	2008	Together, the present results suggest that the ability of buprenorphine to interact with the ORL1 receptor modulates its acute motor stimulatory and rewarding effects.	Buprenorphine	58-71	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	93-97
18392754-8	2008	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, similar to the NMDA receptor antagonist LY235959, the mGluR1 antagonist JNJ16259685 and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 increase the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine and dezocine.	Buprenorphine	203-216	glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1	Mus musculus	95-101
18381654-5	2008	Analysis of their pups at different postnatal ages indicated that exposure to 0.3 mg/kg/day buprenorphine caused an accelerated and significant increase in the brain expression of all myelin basic protein (MBP) splicing isoforms.	Buprenorphine	92-105	myelin basic protein	Rattus norvegicus	184-204
19305793-6	2008	Buprenorphine is a partial micro-opioid receptor agonist and a kappa-opioid receptor antagonist.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	63-84
18392754-8	2008	CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, similar to the NMDA receptor antagonist LY235959, the mGluR1 antagonist JNJ16259685 and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 increase the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine and dezocine.	Buprenorphine	203-216	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA2 (alpha 2)	Mus musculus	133-139
18294814-6	2008	An altered Th1/Th2 balance, characterized by reduced IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha but normal IL-2 levels, was present in untreated heroin addicted subjects, while the Th1/Th2 balance was well conserved in the methadone and buprenorphine groups.	Buprenorphine	224-237	negative elongation factor complex member C/D	Homo sapiens	11-14
18285510-5	2008	Maximal inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase by the low-efficacy partial agonists buprenorphine and nalbuphine was increased in cells expressing RGS-insensitive Galpha(o)(CIGS), Galpha(i2)(CIGS), or Galpha(i3)(CIGS) compared with their Galpha(CI) counterparts, but the RGS-insensitive mutation had little or no effect on the maximal inhibition by the higher efficacy agonists DAMGO and morphine.	Buprenorphine	97-110	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	160-163
18285510-5	2008	Maximal inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase by the low-efficacy partial agonists buprenorphine and nalbuphine was increased in cells expressing RGS-insensitive Galpha(o)(CIGS), Galpha(i2)(CIGS), or Galpha(i3)(CIGS) compared with their Galpha(CI) counterparts, but the RGS-insensitive mutation had little or no effect on the maximal inhibition by the higher efficacy agonists DAMGO and morphine.	Buprenorphine	97-110	succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	193-202
18285510-5	2008	Maximal inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase by the low-efficacy partial agonists buprenorphine and nalbuphine was increased in cells expressing RGS-insensitive Galpha(o)(CIGS), Galpha(i2)(CIGS), or Galpha(i3)(CIGS) compared with their Galpha(CI) counterparts, but the RGS-insensitive mutation had little or no effect on the maximal inhibition by the higher efficacy agonists DAMGO and morphine.	Buprenorphine	97-110	brain protein I3	Homo sapiens	214-223
18285510-5	2008	Maximal inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase by the low-efficacy partial agonists buprenorphine and nalbuphine was increased in cells expressing RGS-insensitive Galpha(o)(CIGS), Galpha(i2)(CIGS), or Galpha(i3)(CIGS) compared with their Galpha(CI) counterparts, but the RGS-insensitive mutation had little or no effect on the maximal inhibition by the higher efficacy agonists DAMGO and morphine.	Buprenorphine	97-110	paired like homeodomain 2	Homo sapiens	284-287
17598095-8	2007	Both amitriptyline and buprenorphine were strong, reversible inhibitors of CYP3A4.	Buprenorphine	23-36	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	75-81
18951215-9	2008	CONCLUSIONS: While no significant differences in asphyxia markers were observed between the three groups, a tendency towards higher levels of EPO emerged in the buprenorphine-exposed group.	Buprenorphine	161-174	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	142-145
18583914-0	2008	Post-treatment outcomes of buprenorphine detoxification in community settings: a systematic review.	Buprenorphine	27-40	solute carrier family 35 member G1	Homo sapiens	0-4
18583914-1	2008	A systematic review was undertaken to examine studies of buprenorphine detoxification that has included post-treatment outcomes as well as more immediate aspects of progress.	Buprenorphine	57-70	solute carrier family 35 member G1	Homo sapiens	104-108
17531960-0	2007	Regarding "Buprenorphine reduces alcohol drinking through activation of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ-NOP receptor system".	Buprenorphine	11-24	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	76-86
17725885-0	2007	Development and GC-MS validation of a highly sensitive recombinant G6PDH-based homogeneous immunoassay for the detection of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in urine.	Buprenorphine	124-137	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	67-72
17725885-3	2007	Here, we report the first recombinant glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH)-based homogeneous immunoassay (EMIT-type assay) for free buprenorphine and free norbuprenorphine in urine.	Buprenorphine	137-150	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	38-71
17725885-3	2007	Here, we report the first recombinant glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH)-based homogeneous immunoassay (EMIT-type assay) for free buprenorphine and free norbuprenorphine in urine.	Buprenorphine	137-150	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	73-78
17287036-1	2007	Based on prior research showing that people underestimate the influence of motivational states they are not currently experiencing, we predicted and found that heroin addicts would value an extra dose of the heroin substitute Buprenorphine more highly when they were currently craving (right before receiving BUP) than when they were currently satiated (right after receiving BUP) -- even when the extra BUP was to be received 5 days later.	Buprenorphine	226-239	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	309-312
17287036-1	2007	Based on prior research showing that people underestimate the influence of motivational states they are not currently experiencing, we predicted and found that heroin addicts would value an extra dose of the heroin substitute Buprenorphine more highly when they were currently craving (right before receiving BUP) than when they were currently satiated (right after receiving BUP) -- even when the extra BUP was to be received 5 days later.	Buprenorphine	226-239	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	376-379
17287036-1	2007	Based on prior research showing that people underestimate the influence of motivational states they are not currently experiencing, we predicted and found that heroin addicts would value an extra dose of the heroin substitute Buprenorphine more highly when they were currently craving (right before receiving BUP) than when they were currently satiated (right after receiving BUP) -- even when the extra BUP was to be received 5 days later.	Buprenorphine	226-239	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	376-379
17084876-4	2006	Thus, our aim was to study the consequences of CYP3A induction on buprenorphine-associated effects on resting ventilation in rats.	Buprenorphine	66-79	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
17490635-0	2007	Clinical efficacy of buprenorphine to minimize distress in MRL/lpr mice.	Buprenorphine	21-34	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	63-66
17490635-13	2007	More studies are needed to determine if, at a different dose or route, buprenorphine would be useful as adjunctive therapy in reducing distress in MRL/lpr mice.	Buprenorphine	71-84	Fas (TNF receptor superfamily member 6)	Mus musculus	151-154
17210079-12	2007	People allocated to buprenorphine had fewer visits to professional carers during detoxification and more were abstinent at three months (10 vs 4, RR 1.55 CI 0.96-2.52) and six months post detoxification (7 vs 3, RR 1.45 CI 0.84-2.49).	Buprenorphine	20-33	ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1	Homo sapiens	146-150
17210079-12	2007	People allocated to buprenorphine had fewer visits to professional carers during detoxification and more were abstinent at three months (10 vs 4, RR 1.55 CI 0.96-2.52) and six months post detoxification (7 vs 3, RR 1.45 CI 0.84-2.49).	Buprenorphine	20-33	ribonucleotide reductase catalytic subunit M1	Homo sapiens	212-216
16533497-0	2007	Buprenorphine reduces alcohol drinking through activation of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ-NOP receptor system.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	65-75
16533497-0	2007	Buprenorphine reduces alcohol drinking through activation of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ-NOP receptor system.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	76-87
17365275-0	2007	P-glycoprotein mediates brain-to-blood efflux transport of buprenorphine across the blood-brain barrier.	Buprenorphine	59-72	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17365275-1	2007	The involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in buprenorphine (BNP) transport at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rats was investigated in vivo by means of both the brain uptake index technique and the brain efflux index technique.	Buprenorphine	44-57	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	19-33
17365275-1	2007	The involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in buprenorphine (BNP) transport at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rats was investigated in vivo by means of both the brain uptake index technique and the brain efflux index technique.	Buprenorphine	44-57	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
17365275-1	2007	The involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in buprenorphine (BNP) transport at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rats was investigated in vivo by means of both the brain uptake index technique and the brain efflux index technique.	Buprenorphine	59-62	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	19-33
17365275-1	2007	The involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in buprenorphine (BNP) transport at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rats was investigated in vivo by means of both the brain uptake index technique and the brain efflux index technique.	Buprenorphine	59-62	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
17365275-3	2007	The increment of the BNP uptake by the brain suggests the involvement of a P-gp efflux mechanism of BNP transport at the BBB.	Buprenorphine	21-24	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
17365275-3	2007	The increment of the BNP uptake by the brain suggests the involvement of a P-gp efflux mechanism of BNP transport at the BBB.	Buprenorphine	100-103	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	75-79
17084876-10	2006	Our results suggest a limited role of drug-mediated CYP3A induction in the occurrence of buprenorphine-attributed respiratory depression in addicts.	Buprenorphine	89-102	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
16583408-0	2006	Association between the DRD2 A1 allele and response to methadone and buprenorphine maintenance treatments.	Buprenorphine	69-82	dopamine receptor D2	Homo sapiens	24-28
16802166-0	2006	Effect of psychotropic medication on the in vitro metabolism of buprenorphine in human cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes.	Buprenorphine	64-77	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	102-117
16802166-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to estimate the drug interaction potential of psychtropic medication on buprenorphine (BUP) N-dealkylation using cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.	Buprenorphine	116-129	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	172-187
16802166-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to estimate the drug interaction potential of psychtropic medication on buprenorphine (BUP) N-dealkylation using cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.	Buprenorphine	116-129	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	189-192
16565164-0	2006	Buprenorphine activates mu and opioid receptor like-1 receptors simultaneously, but the analgesic effect is mainly mediated by mu receptor activation in the rat formalin test.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-53
16565164-2	2006	Recently, buprenorphine was reported to act as an agonist to opioid receptor like-1 (ORL1) receptor.	Buprenorphine	10-23	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-83
16565164-2	2006	Recently, buprenorphine was reported to act as an agonist to opioid receptor like-1 (ORL1) receptor.	Buprenorphine	10-23	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	85-89
16565164-30	2006	or i.c.v., buprenorphine decreased the number of Fos-like immunoreactivity positive neurons in the L4-L5 spinal dorsal horn.	Buprenorphine	11-24	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
16565164-31	2006	These data indicated that buprenorphine affects nociceptive processing by acting at both supraspinal and spinal mu and ORL1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	26-39	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-123
16565164-32	2006	The analgesic effect of systemically administered buprenorphine was suppressed by the concomitant activation of supraspinal ORL1 receptor.	Buprenorphine	50-63	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-128
17001553-0	2006	Role of human placental efflux transporter P-glycoprotein in the transfer of buprenorphine, levo-alpha-acetylmethadol, and paclitaxel.	Buprenorphine	77-90	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	43-57
17001553-1	2006	This study examines the role of placental P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the transfer of buprenorphine (BUP) and L-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) across the dually perfused human placental lobule.	Buprenorphine	83-96	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	42-56
17001553-1	2006	This study examines the role of placental P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the transfer of buprenorphine (BUP) and L-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) across the dually perfused human placental lobule.	Buprenorphine	83-96	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
17001553-1	2006	This study examines the role of placental P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the transfer of buprenorphine (BUP) and L-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) across the dually perfused human placental lobule.	Buprenorphine	98-101	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	42-56
17001553-1	2006	This study examines the role of placental P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the transfer of buprenorphine (BUP) and L-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) across the dually perfused human placental lobule.	Buprenorphine	98-101	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	58-62
16507617-13	2006	QT interval increases were observed with buprenorphine/naloxone in combination with either delavirdine or ritonavir, which inhibit CYP3A4.	Buprenorphine	41-54	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	131-137
15882780-4	2005	The DOI-induced (present results) or IL-1beta-induced (previous results) fever was further attenuated by pretreatment with an intracerebroventricular dose of mu-opioid receptor antagonists (e.g., buprenorphine or cyclic d-phe-cys-Try-d-Arg-Thr-pen-Thr-NH2) or 5-HT receptor antagonists (e.g., ketanserin or cyproheptadine).	Buprenorphine	196-209	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	37-45
16627307-8	2006	Subjects treated with methadone had significantly longer retention in first treatment episode than subjects treated with buprenorphine (mean days 354 vs. 58, p<0.01 by Cox regression) and missed fewer days in the first month (mean 3 vs. 8 days, p<0.05 by ttest).	Buprenorphine	121-134	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A	Homo sapiens	171-174
16953647-3	2006	Buprenorphine has partial mu-opioid receptor agonist activity and is a kappa-opioid receptor antagonist; hence, it can substitute for other micro-opioid receptor agonists, yet is less apt to produce overdose reactions or dysphoria.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	71-92
15501692-7	2004	Buprenorphine, too, is metabolised by CYP3A4, and may undergo the same interactions as methadone.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	38-44
15684471-2	2005	When buprenorphine (BN), a potent mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, was evaluated by this method, it exhibited potent inhibition of CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 0.25 microM in recombinant CYP2D6-expressing insect cell microsomes (rCYP2D6 microsomes).	Buprenorphine	5-18	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	134-140
15684471-2	2005	When buprenorphine (BN), a potent mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, was evaluated by this method, it exhibited potent inhibition of CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 0.25 microM in recombinant CYP2D6-expressing insect cell microsomes (rCYP2D6 microsomes).	Buprenorphine	5-18	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	190-196
15684471-2	2005	When buprenorphine (BN), a potent mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, was evaluated by this method, it exhibited potent inhibition of CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 0.25 microM in recombinant CYP2D6-expressing insect cell microsomes (rCYP2D6 microsomes).	Buprenorphine	5-18	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 4	Rattus norvegicus	232-239
15684471-2	2005	When buprenorphine (BN), a potent mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, was evaluated by this method, it exhibited potent inhibition of CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 0.25 microM in recombinant CYP2D6-expressing insect cell microsomes (rCYP2D6 microsomes).	Buprenorphine	20-22	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	134-140
15684471-2	2005	When buprenorphine (BN), a potent mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, was evaluated by this method, it exhibited potent inhibition of CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 0.25 microM in recombinant CYP2D6-expressing insect cell microsomes (rCYP2D6 microsomes).	Buprenorphine	20-22	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	190-196
15684471-2	2005	When buprenorphine (BN), a potent mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic, was evaluated by this method, it exhibited potent inhibition of CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 0.25 microM in recombinant CYP2D6-expressing insect cell microsomes (rCYP2D6 microsomes).	Buprenorphine	20-22	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 4	Rattus norvegicus	232-239
15966752-13	2005	Although there is limited evidence in the literature to date, drugs that are known to inhibit or induce CYP3A4 have the potential to diminish or enhance buprenorphine N-dealkylation.	Buprenorphine	153-166	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	104-110
14614092-3	2003	Recently, buprenorphine has been shown to activate opioid receptor-like (ORL-1) receptors, also known as OP4 receptors.	Buprenorphine	10-23	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	73-78
15552931-4	2004	The Bcl-2 (P2) cells died after treatment with Bph, and we observed all the biological and morphological markers of apoptosis that we tested for.	Buprenorphine	47-50	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	4-9
15037219-6	2004	The results demonstrate that buprenorphine dose-dependently suppresses splenic natural killer cell activity, lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma production in rats in a naltrexone reversible manner, demonstrating pharmacological specificity of buprenorphine-induced immune alterations.	Buprenorphine	29-42	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	138-147
14614092-7	2003	Additional support for a modulatory role for ORL-1 receptors in buprenorphine-induced antinociception was that coadministration of J-113397, an ORL-1 receptor antagonist, enhanced the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	212-225	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	144-149
14614092-7	2003	Additional support for a modulatory role for ORL-1 receptors in buprenorphine-induced antinociception was that coadministration of J-113397, an ORL-1 receptor antagonist, enhanced the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	212-225	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	144-149
14614092-8	2003	The ORL-1 antagonist also eliminated the bell-shaped dose-response curve for buprenorphine-induced antinociception in wild-type mice.	Buprenorphine	77-90	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	4-9
14614092-10	2003	Our results indicate that the antinociceptive effect of buprenorphine in mice is micro-opioid receptor-mediated yet severely compromised by concomitant activation of ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	56-69	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	166-171
18997874-7	2004	Recently, buprenorphine has been shown to activate the opioid receptor-like (ORL-1; also known as NOP) receptor.	Buprenorphine	10-23	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	77-82
18997874-7	2004	Recently, buprenorphine has been shown to activate the opioid receptor-like (ORL-1; also known as NOP) receptor.	Buprenorphine	10-23	crystallin, gamma B	Mus musculus	98-101
18997874-8	2004	Supraspinal activation of the ORL-1 receptor counteracts the antinociceptive and rewarding actions of morphine, raising the possibility that these actions of buprenorphine can also be altered by its ability to concomitantly activate the ORL-1 receptor.	Buprenorphine	158-171	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	30-35
18997874-11	2004	Indeed, using knockout mice, we have recently shown that the antinociceptive effect of buprenorphine mediated primarily by the mu opioid receptor is attenuated by the ability of the drug to activate the ORL-1 receptor.	Buprenorphine	87-100	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	203-208
18997874-12	2004	Thus, the goal of this review is to provide evidence demonstrating that the ORL-1 receptor plays a functional role not only in the antinociceptive effect of buprenorphine but also in other actions of the drug as well.	Buprenorphine	157-170	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	76-81
15340216-0	2004	Over-expressed Bcl-2 cannot suppress apoptosis via the mitochondria in buprenorphine hydrochloride-treated NG108-15 cells.	Buprenorphine	71-98	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	15-20
15340216-1	2004	We previously reported that the morphine alkaloid derivative buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bph) induces rapid apoptosis in NG108-15 nerve cells accompanied by the activation of caspase-3.	Buprenorphine	61-88	caspase 3	Mus musculus	176-185
15340216-1	2004	We previously reported that the morphine alkaloid derivative buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bph) induces rapid apoptosis in NG108-15 nerve cells accompanied by the activation of caspase-3.	Buprenorphine	90-93	caspase 3	Mus musculus	176-185
15246701-0	2004	Differential effects of gestational buprenorphine, naloxone, and methadone on mesolimbic mu opioid and ORL1 receptor G protein coupling.	Buprenorphine	36-49	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
15135650-1	2004	The analgesic buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bph) induced apoptosis-like cell death in the caspase-3-deficient human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7.	Buprenorphine	14-41	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	89-98
15135650-1	2004	The analgesic buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bph) induced apoptosis-like cell death in the caspase-3-deficient human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7.	Buprenorphine	43-46	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	89-98
14614092-4	2003	Here we demonstrate that buprenorphine, but not morphine, activates mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt via ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	25-38	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	105-108
14614092-4	2003	Here we demonstrate that buprenorphine, but not morphine, activates mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt via ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	25-38	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	113-118
14614092-5	2003	Because the ORL-1 receptor agonist orphanin FQ/nociceptin blocks opioid-induced antinociception, we tested the hypothesis that buprenorphine-induced antinociception might be compromised by concomitant activation of ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	127-140	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	12-17
14614092-6	2003	In support of this hypothesis, the antinociceptive effect of buprenorphine, but not morphine, was markedly enhanced in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors using the tail-flick assay.	Buprenorphine	61-74	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	132-137
14614092-7	2003	Additional support for a modulatory role for ORL-1 receptors in buprenorphine-induced antinociception was that coadministration of J-113397, an ORL-1 receptor antagonist, enhanced the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	64-77	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	45-50
14614092-7	2003	Additional support for a modulatory role for ORL-1 receptors in buprenorphine-induced antinociception was that coadministration of J-113397, an ORL-1 receptor antagonist, enhanced the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	64-77	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	144-149
14614092-7	2003	Additional support for a modulatory role for ORL-1 receptors in buprenorphine-induced antinociception was that coadministration of J-113397, an ORL-1 receptor antagonist, enhanced the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	64-77	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	144-149
14614092-7	2003	Additional support for a modulatory role for ORL-1 receptors in buprenorphine-induced antinociception was that coadministration of J-113397, an ORL-1 receptor antagonist, enhanced the antinociceptive efficacy of buprenorphine in wild-type mice but not in mice lacking ORL-1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	212-225	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	45-50
14578583-5	2003	Secondarily, we assessed whether the fever induced by either LPS, IL-1beta, or PGE(2) can be altered by pretreatment with buprenorphine (an opioid receptor antagonist).	Buprenorphine	122-135	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	66-74
12808001-0	2003	Aromatase is the major enzyme metabolizing buprenorphine in human placenta.	Buprenorphine	43-56	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
14555337-10	2003	Although buprenorphine extensively inhibited the activity of bropirimine O-glucuronidation by UGT1A3, the inhibition profile did not parallel that observed in HLMs.	Buprenorphine	9-22	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A3	Homo sapiens	94-100
12721333-1	2003	Antagonistic properties of buprenorphine for epsilon- and micro -opioid receptors were characterized in beta-endorphin- and [d-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO)-induced antinociception, respectively, with the tail-flick test in male ICR mice.	Buprenorphine	27-40	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	104-118
12869624-9	2003	The partial agonist buprenorphine hydrochloride (BUP) showed no detectable G-protein coupling in DRG of animals without FCA inflammation; however, partial agonist activity of BUP-induced MOR G-protein coupling was detectable in animals with FCA inflammation (EC50 = 1.6 nM; relative Emax = 82%).	Buprenorphine	20-47	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	187-190
12721333-13	2003	However, pretreatment with buprenorphine (0.1-10 micro g) in mice pretreated with this same dose of beta-FNA was effective in blocking beta-endorphin-induced antinociception.	Buprenorphine	27-40	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	135-149
12721333-19	2003	It is concluded that buprenorphine, at small doses, blocks epsilon-opioid receptor-mediated beta-endorphin-induced antinociception and micro -opioid receptor-mediated DAMGO-induced antinociception, and at high doses produces a micro -opioid receptor-mediated antinociception.	Buprenorphine	21-34	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	92-106
12433804-2	2002	Although UGT1A1 uniquely catalyzes the glucuronidation of the endobiotic, bilirubin, and UGT2B7 uniquely catalyzes the glucuronidation of morphine to both the 3-0 glucuronide and the 6-0 glucuronide, both catalyze the glucuronidation of the mixed opioid agonist/antagonist buprenorphine with high efficiency.	Buprenorphine	273-286	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	9-15
12756210-0	2003	Interaction of buprenorphine and its metabolite norbuprenorphine with cytochromes p450 in vitro.	Buprenorphine	15-28	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	82-86
12756210-2	2003	In this study, the selective probe reactions for each of the major hepatic cytochromes P450 (P450s) were used to evaluate the effect of buprenorphine and its main metabolite norbuprenorphine on the activity of these P450s.	Buprenorphine	136-149	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	87-91
12756210-2	2003	In this study, the selective probe reactions for each of the major hepatic cytochromes P450 (P450s) were used to evaluate the effect of buprenorphine and its main metabolite norbuprenorphine on the activity of these P450s.	Buprenorphine	136-149	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	93-98
12756210-2	2003	In this study, the selective probe reactions for each of the major hepatic cytochromes P450 (P450s) were used to evaluate the effect of buprenorphine and its main metabolite norbuprenorphine on the activity of these P450s.	Buprenorphine	136-149	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	216-221
12756210-4	2003	Buprenorphine exhibited potent, competitive inhibition of CYP2D6 (Ki 10 +/- 2 microM and 1.8 +/- 0.2 microM) and CYP3A4 (Ki 40 +/- 1.6 microM and 19 +/- 1.2 microM) in microsomes from human liver and cDNA-expressing lymphoblasts, respectively.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	58-64
12756210-4	2003	Buprenorphine exhibited potent, competitive inhibition of CYP2D6 (Ki 10 +/- 2 microM and 1.8 +/- 0.2 microM) and CYP3A4 (Ki 40 +/- 1.6 microM and 19 +/- 1.2 microM) in microsomes from human liver and cDNA-expressing lymphoblasts, respectively.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	113-119
12756210-6	2003	Furthermore, buprenorphine was shown to be a substrate of CYP2D6 (Km = 600 microM; Vmax = 0.40 nmol/min/mg protein) and CYP3A4 (Km = 36 microM; Vmax = 0.19 nmol/min/mg protein).	Buprenorphine	13-26	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	58-64
12756210-6	2003	Furthermore, buprenorphine was shown to be a substrate of CYP2D6 (Km = 600 microM; Vmax = 0.40 nmol/min/mg protein) and CYP3A4 (Km = 36 microM; Vmax = 0.19 nmol/min/mg protein).	Buprenorphine	13-26	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	120-126
12756210-7	2003	The present in vitro study suggests that buprenorphine and its major metabolite norbuprenorphine are inhibitors of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4; however, at therapeutic concentrations they are not predicted to cause potentially clinically important drug interactions with other drugs metabolized by major hepatic P450s.	Buprenorphine	41-54	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	115-121
12756210-7	2003	The present in vitro study suggests that buprenorphine and its major metabolite norbuprenorphine are inhibitors of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4; however, at therapeutic concentrations they are not predicted to cause potentially clinically important drug interactions with other drugs metabolized by major hepatic P450s.	Buprenorphine	41-54	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	126-132
12756210-7	2003	The present in vitro study suggests that buprenorphine and its major metabolite norbuprenorphine are inhibitors of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4; however, at therapeutic concentrations they are not predicted to cause potentially clinically important drug interactions with other drugs metabolized by major hepatic P450s.	Buprenorphine	41-54	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	302-307
12910030-1	2003	The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the patterns of illicit psychoactive drug consumption, and the utilization of buprenorphine (BHD) in opiate-dependent patients interviewed in the drug agency of Lens.	Buprenorphine	128-141	BHD	Homo sapiens	143-146
12433804-2	2002	Although UGT1A1 uniquely catalyzes the glucuronidation of the endobiotic, bilirubin, and UGT2B7 uniquely catalyzes the glucuronidation of morphine to both the 3-0 glucuronide and the 6-0 glucuronide, both catalyze the glucuronidation of the mixed opioid agonist/antagonist buprenorphine with high efficiency.	Buprenorphine	273-286	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	89-95
12433804-5	2002	Etonitazenyl also competitively inhibited the glucuronidation of buprenorphine catalyzed by UGT1A1.	Buprenorphine	65-78	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	92-98
12388652-2	2002	Our results show that LAAM, methadone, fentanyl, and buprenorphine were effective inhibitors of I(HERG), with IC(50) values in the 1 to 10 microM range.	Buprenorphine	53-66	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	Homo sapiens	98-102
11303059-1	2001	Buprenorphine (BUP) is an oripavine analgesic that is beneficial in the maintenance treatment of opiate-dependent individuals.	Buprenorphine	0-13	COMM domain containing 3	Mus musculus	15-18
12033517-0	2002	Inhibition of human drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 by buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	57-70	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	38-53
12033517-1	2002	The effects of buprenorphine, a powerful mixed agonist/antagonist analgesic, on several cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform specific reactions in human liver microsomes were investigated to predict drug interaction of buprenorphine in vivo from in vitro data.	Buprenorphine	15-28	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	88-103
12033517-1	2002	The effects of buprenorphine, a powerful mixed agonist/antagonist analgesic, on several cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform specific reactions in human liver microsomes were investigated to predict drug interaction of buprenorphine in vivo from in vitro data.	Buprenorphine	15-28	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	105-108
12033517-1	2002	The effects of buprenorphine, a powerful mixed agonist/antagonist analgesic, on several cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform specific reactions in human liver microsomes were investigated to predict drug interaction of buprenorphine in vivo from in vitro data.	Buprenorphine	212-225	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	105-108
12033517-3	2002	Buprenorphine strongly inhibited the CYP3A4- and CYP2D6-catalyzed reactions with Ki values of 14.7 microM and 21.4 microM, respectively.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	37-43
12033517-3	2002	Buprenorphine strongly inhibited the CYP3A4- and CYP2D6-catalyzed reactions with Ki values of 14.7 microM and 21.4 microM, respectively.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	49-55
12481193-1	2002	Buprenorphine, a long-acting opioid with both agonist and antagonist properties, binds to mu-opioid (OP(3)), kappa-opioid (OP(2)), delta-opioid (OP(1)), and nociceptin (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	bone morphogenetic protein 7	Homo sapiens	131-150
12481193-1	2002	Buprenorphine, a long-acting opioid with both agonist and antagonist properties, binds to mu-opioid (OP(3)), kappa-opioid (OP(2)), delta-opioid (OP(1)), and nociceptin (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	157-167
12481193-2	2002	Its actions at these receptors have not been completely characterized, although buprenorphine is generally regarded as a mu-opioid receptor partial agonist and a kappa-opioid receptor antagonist.	Buprenorphine	80-93	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	162-183
12435410-0	2002	Antagonistic property of buprenorphine for putative epsilon-opioid receptor-mediated G-protein activation by beta-endorphin in pons/medulla of the mu-opioid receptor knockout mouse.	Buprenorphine	25-38	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	109-123
12435410-7	2002	Furthermore, buprenorphine significantly attenuated the residual increase in [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding by 10 microM beta-endorphin in mu-opioid receptor knockout mice.	Buprenorphine	13-26	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	115-129
11104938-4	2000	Each practitioner could enroll up to 5 patients who were currently undergoing treatment with high-dose buprenorphine(HDB).	Buprenorphine	103-116	integrator complex subunit 6	Homo sapiens	117-120
11239921-3	2001	We now report that perinatal administration of either methadone or buprenorphine reduces the content of the neurotrophic factor nerve growth factor (NGF) in rat striatum, which may explain the behavioral deficits observed.	Buprenorphine	67-80	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	128-147
11239921-3	2001	We now report that perinatal administration of either methadone or buprenorphine reduces the content of the neurotrophic factor nerve growth factor (NGF) in rat striatum, which may explain the behavioral deficits observed.	Buprenorphine	67-80	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	149-152
11281555-2	2001	Buprenorphine is N-dealkylated to norbuprenorphine by CYP3A.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	54-59
11281555-5	2001	Both buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine (200 microM) underwent CYP3A-mediated covalent binding to rat liver microsomal proteins and both caused moderate glutathione depletion and increased cell calcium in isolated rat hepatocytes, but only buprenorphine also depleted cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and caused necrotic cell death.	Buprenorphine	5-18	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
11281555-5	2001	Both buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine (200 microM) underwent CYP3A-mediated covalent binding to rat liver microsomal proteins and both caused moderate glutathione depletion and increased cell calcium in isolated rat hepatocytes, but only buprenorphine also depleted cell adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and caused necrotic cell death.	Buprenorphine	26-39	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
11275413-1	2001	The opioids heroin, methadone, buprenorphine, and morphine produce supraspinal antinociception in CD-1 mice that is antagonized by Cys(2), Tyr(3), Orn(5), Pen(7)-amide but not by naltrindole or nor-binaltorphimine.	Buprenorphine	31-44	proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 inhibitor	Mus musculus	155-158
10873929-6	2000	Buprenorphine inhibited the formation of CYP3A4-mediated pathways of 3-hydroxyflunitrazepam and omeprazole sulfone formation (K(i) 118 and 16 microM) in human liver microsomes.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	41-47
10963298-0	2000	Apoptosis of NG108-15 cells induced by buprenorphine hydrochloride occurs via the caspase-3 pathway.	Buprenorphine	39-66	caspase 3	Mus musculus	82-91
10963298-7	2000	The comparison of caspase-3 activities in Bph-induced samples with or without TPCK pretreatment revealed that caspase-3 was activated in both samples.	Buprenorphine	42-45	caspase 3	Mus musculus	18-27
10963298-7	2000	The comparison of caspase-3 activities in Bph-induced samples with or without TPCK pretreatment revealed that caspase-3 was activated in both samples.	Buprenorphine	42-45	caspase 3	Mus musculus	110-119
11000922-3	2000	Among patients with a history of hepatitis, AST and ALT levels significantly increased (p < .05) with buprenorphine treatment.	Buprenorphine	105-118	solute carrier family 17 member 5	Homo sapiens	44-47
11000922-4	2000	The odds of observing an increase in AST were determined to be dependent upon buprenorphine dose (p < .05; odds ratio = 1.23 per 1 mg increase in dose).	Buprenorphine	78-91	solute carrier family 17 member 5	Homo sapiens	37-40
10873929-8	2000	Projected in vivo inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated metabolism of flunitrazepam by buprenorphine is 0.	Buprenorphine	79-92	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	32-38
10755464-0	2000	Effect of buprenorphine on CYP3A activity in rat and human liver microsomes.	Buprenorphine	10-23	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 62	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
10998549-2	2000	Recently, we have identified buprenorphine as a full ORL1 agonist using a reporter gene assay.	Buprenorphine	29-42	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
10998549-3	2000	For further functional analysis, buprenorphine"s effects on ORL1 receptors were investigated using a K(+) channel (GIRK1) assay in Xenopus oocytes and GTPgammaS assay in CHO-K1 membrane preparations.	Buprenorphine	33-46	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
10998549-3	2000	For further functional analysis, buprenorphine"s effects on ORL1 receptors were investigated using a K(+) channel (GIRK1) assay in Xenopus oocytes and GTPgammaS assay in CHO-K1 membrane preparations.	Buprenorphine	33-46	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 3 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	115-120
10998549-5	2000	The N/OFQ agonism of buprenorphine might contribute to actions of buprenorphine in pain models in vivo beside its mu- or kappa-opioid receptor mediated effects.	Buprenorphine	21-34	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	4-9
10998549-5	2000	The N/OFQ agonism of buprenorphine might contribute to actions of buprenorphine in pain models in vivo beside its mu- or kappa-opioid receptor mediated effects.	Buprenorphine	66-79	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	4-9
10998549-0	2000	Agonistic effects of the opioid buprenorphine on the nociceptin/OFQ receptor.	Buprenorphine	32-45	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	53-63
10729371-8	2000	The mu-opioid receptor antagonist effects of buprenorphine (10 mg/kg) and methoclocinnamox (1 mg/kg) lasted for 2 weeks.	Buprenorphine	45-58	opioid receptor mu 1	Macaca mulatta	4-22
10755464-3	2000	Since buprenorphine and many benzodiazepines are CYP3A substrates, the effect of buprenorphine on CYP3A activity was examined in order to assess the likelihood of a pharmacokinetic interaction.	Buprenorphine	81-94	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	98-103
10755464-5	2000	Buprenorphine was found to be a weak inhibitor of CYP3A with a 50% decrease in enzyme activity occurring at a concentration of 118 microM (IC50) in human liver microsomes.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	50-55
9698298-0	1998	Human buprenorphine N-dealkylation is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 3A4.	Buprenorphine	6-19	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	51-70
10688973-8	2000	The nonselective opioid receptor partial agonist buprenorphine and the nonselective opioid receptor antagonist (-)-quadazocine exhibited pure antagonism at rat brain receptors, but displayed partial agonism at human ORL1 receptors.	Buprenorphine	49-62	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	216-220
10419552-0	1999	Agonistic effect of buprenorphine in a nociceptin/OFQ receptor-triggered reporter gene assay.	Buprenorphine	20-33	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	39-49
10419552-0	1999	Agonistic effect of buprenorphine in a nociceptin/OFQ receptor-triggered reporter gene assay.	Buprenorphine	20-33	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	50-53
10419552-4	1999	Buprenorphine was identified as a full agonist at the ORL1 receptor with an IC(50) value of 8.4 +/- 2.8 nM.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	54-58
10402813-3	1999	We have suggested continuous TIVA with propofol, ketamine, vecuronium and buprenorphine (PKBp), and reported that the elder or the patients anesthetized for a long time show delayed emergence from continuous TIVA.	Buprenorphine	74-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
9848110-10	1998	FNZ competitively inhibited buprenorphine glucuronidation with UGT1A1 and UGT2B7 but had no inhibitory activity toward UGT1A3.	Buprenorphine	28-41	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B7	Homo sapiens	74-80
9848110-11	1998	This suggests that buprenorphine and 2-hydroxycatechol estrogens react with separate active sites of UGT1A3.	Buprenorphine	19-32	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A3	Homo sapiens	101-107
9848110-10	1998	FNZ competitively inhibited buprenorphine glucuronidation with UGT1A1 and UGT2B7 but had no inhibitory activity toward UGT1A3.	Buprenorphine	28-41	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	63-69
9565774-1	1998	Methadone and buprenorphine, widely used in the treatment of opioid abuse, are metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4, while fluoxetine and fluvoxamine, both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are known to be P450 2D6 and 3A4 inhibitors in vitro.	Buprenorphine	14-27	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	94-113
9616184-7	1998	In addition to amines, expressed human UGT1A3 catalyzed the glucuronidation of opioids (e.g. morphine and buprenorphine), coumarins, flavonoids (e.g. naringenin and quercetin), anthraquinones, and small phenolic compounds (e.g. 4-nitrophenol).	Buprenorphine	106-119	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A3	Homo sapiens	39-45
9650855-6	1998	The serine protease inhibitor TPCK (N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone) specifically inhibited apoptosis-specific DNA fragmentation induced by buprenorphine hydrochloride; however, cell viability measurements revealed that cell death still occurred in NG108-15 cells.	Buprenorphine	151-178	complement component 1, s subcomponent 1	Mus musculus	4-19
9650855-8	1998	This suggests that an unidentified serine protease, presumably functioning in the buprenorphine hydrochloride-specific death-signal cascade, could be pivotal for the rapid apoptosis observed in NG108-15 cells upon treatment with buprenorphine hydrochloride.	Buprenorphine	82-109	complement component 1, s subcomponent 1	Mus musculus	35-50
9650855-8	1998	This suggests that an unidentified serine protease, presumably functioning in the buprenorphine hydrochloride-specific death-signal cascade, could be pivotal for the rapid apoptosis observed in NG108-15 cells upon treatment with buprenorphine hydrochloride.	Buprenorphine	229-256	complement component 1, s subcomponent 1	Mus musculus	35-50
7603447-9	1995	Expressed UGT1.1r protein catalyzed the glucuronidation of buprenorphine and bilirubin at high rates.	Buprenorphine	59-72	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	10-16
9404175-4	1997	Intra-operative bradycardia (heart rate < 60 beat.min-1) occurred more often in the buprenorphine group.	Buprenorphine	87-100	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	53-58
8820424-5	1996	However, the purified UGT1.1r enzyme exhibited glucuronidation activity toward buprenorphine and bilirubin with high efficiency, but the UGT2B1 protein did not react with these compounds.	Buprenorphine	79-92	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	22-28
9700759-10	1998	Administration of buprenorphine to rats 24 h prior to preparation of membranes differentially affected mu, delta ncx-1, and delta ncx-2 binding sites.	Buprenorphine	18-31	solute carrier family 8 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	113-118
9700759-10	1998	Administration of buprenorphine to rats 24 h prior to preparation of membranes differentially affected mu, delta ncx-1, and delta ncx-2 binding sites.	Buprenorphine	18-31	solute carrier family 8 member A2	Rattus norvegicus	130-135
9180349-0	1997	Involvement of cytochrome P450 3A4 in N-dealkylation of buprenorphine in human liver microsomes.	Buprenorphine	56-69	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	15-34
8886295-5	1996	Buprenorphine treatment significantly reversed the P300 amplitude decrement following detoxification, whereas placebo-treated subjects continued to show depressed P300 amplitudes.	Buprenorphine	0-13	E1A binding protein p300	Homo sapiens	51-55
8806713-2	1996	We have previously shown that rat UGT1.1, stably expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, catalyzes the glucuronidation of bilirubin and the mixed opioid agonist/antagonist buprenorphine with high efficiency.	Buprenorphine	179-192	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	34-40
8806713-4	1996	The results show that both rat and human UGT1.1 catalyze the glucuronidation of opioids with a relative reactivity of buprenorphine > > nalorphine approximately naltrexone.	Buprenorphine	118-131	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	41-47
8806713-5	1996	Comparison of glucuronidation activities in livers from Crigler-Najjar type 1 patients and normal patients indicates that UGT1.1 catalyzes at least 75% of buprenorphine conjugation in normal human liver.	Buprenorphine	155-168	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	122-128
1445968-0	1992	Beta endorphin levels during heroin, methadone, buprenorphine, and naloxone challenges: preliminary findings.	Buprenorphine	48-61	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	0-14
28921347-2	1994	When patients first complained of pain after surgery, 0.06 mg or 0.12 mg of buprenorphine in 10 ml or 20 ml of saline was administered through an epidural catheter inserted at the L3-4 interspace, or 0.12 mg was administered intramuscularly.	Buprenorphine	76-89	ribosomal protein L34	Homo sapiens	180-184
7861603-2	1994	Fourteen patients were randomized into two groups: CSAA group (n = 7) received 20 micrograms.h-1 of buprenorphine (Bu) subcutaneously with additional 20 micrograms of Bu using Baxter infusor BB+PCA; Epg group (n = 7) received continuous epidural infusion of 0.4 mg of Bu and 46 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine daily (16.7 micrograms.h-1 of Bu) using Baxter infusor 2 ml.h-1 type.	Buprenorphine	100-113	serum amyloid A4, constitutive	Homo sapiens	51-55
7861603-6	1994	Total doses of Bu during the first 12 hours postoperatively (CSAA group: 0.37 +/- 0.08 mg, Epi group: 0.30 +/- 0.08 mg) were significantly more than those during other 12-hour period in both groups (P < 0.05).	Buprenorphine	15-17	serum amyloid A4, constitutive	Homo sapiens	61-65
8021804-3	1994	Dopamine D1- and D2-receptor bockade, depletion of stored dopamine, and inhibition of dopamine synthesis could reduce the ambulation increased by single administration of morphine, buprenorphine and caffeine, and by combined administration of morphine and buprenorphine with caffeine.	Buprenorphine	181-194	dopamine receptor D1	Mus musculus	0-28
8021804-3	1994	Dopamine D1- and D2-receptor bockade, depletion of stored dopamine, and inhibition of dopamine synthesis could reduce the ambulation increased by single administration of morphine, buprenorphine and caffeine, and by combined administration of morphine and buprenorphine with caffeine.	Buprenorphine	256-269	dopamine receptor D1	Mus musculus	0-28
8380866-0	1993	Buprenorphine prevents and reverses the expression of chronic etorphine-induced sensitization of adenylyl cyclase in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells.	Buprenorphine	0-13	hedgehog acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	117-121
1280014-10	1992	Buprenorphine also induced de novo synthesis of PGD2 and LTC4 from lung mast cells.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	48-52
1445968-3	1992	Buprenorphine (BUP) is a partial opioid agonist whose effects on BE levels were examined in six former heroin addicts and 14 methadone-maintained patients before and after being switched to sublingual BUP 2 mg daily for 1 month.	Buprenorphine	0-13	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	65-67
33818748-6	2021	First, we highlight the potential dose-dependent effects of buprenorphine on two key neuroadaptations at the mu-opioid receptor (MOR)-resensitization and upregulation.	Buprenorphine	60-73	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	109-127
1912151-1	1991	We assessed the buprenorphine use in a sample of studied 184 patients with DSM III-R diagnostic criteria for opioid dependence who attended the Sta.	Buprenorphine	16-29	GCY	Homo sapiens	144-147
1329800-0	1992	Buprenorphine attenuates the effects of cocaine on adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion and mood states in man.	Buprenorphine	0-13	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	72-76
1329800-3	1992	An opioid mixed agonist-antagonist, buprenorphine (4 mg/day sublingually), suppressed the acute cocaine-induced stimulation of both ACTH and euphoria.	Buprenorphine	36-49	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	132-136
1329800-4	1992	Buprenorphine"s suppression of postcocaine ACTH and euphoria were not related to differences in plasma cocaine levels or cocaine-induced alterations of cardiovascular function.	Buprenorphine	0-13	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	43-47
2247319-6	1990	In contrast to fentanyl and etorphine, intrathecal buprenorphine produced facilitations of C fibre-evoked responses at a low dose (15 micrograms), but inhibited both C and A beta fibre-evoked responses equally at a higher dose (125 micrograms).	Buprenorphine	51-64	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	172-178
33818748-6	2021	First, we highlight the potential dose-dependent effects of buprenorphine on two key neuroadaptations at the mu-opioid receptor (MOR)-resensitization and upregulation.	Buprenorphine	60-73	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	129-132
34218992-3	2022	OBJECTIVES: In the current study, we examined sex-based differences in psychiatric symptoms and relationships among sex, psychiatric symptoms, and opioid use outcomes in youth with OUD receiving buprenorphine/naloxone (Bup/Nal) and psychosocial treatment.	Buprenorphine	195-208	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	219-222
34954128-0	2022	Buprenorphine differentially alters breathing among four congenic mouse lines as a function of dose, sex, and leptin status.	Buprenorphine	0-13	leptin	Mus musculus	110-116
34954128-7	2022	The effects of buprenorphine varied significantly with leptin status and sex.	Buprenorphine	15-28	leptin	Mus musculus	55-61
34679189-10	2022	PBPK modeling and simulation demonstrated that variability in biliary clearance, sublingual absorption, and CYP3A4 abundance are likely important drivers of buprenorphine PK variability in neonates.	Buprenorphine	157-170	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	108-114
34735968-10	2022	Following adjustment for confounders, buprenorphine use was associated with significantly shorter LOS (IRR -0.44 (95%CI -0.85, -0.04)).	Buprenorphine	38-51	insulin receptor related receptor	Homo sapiens	103-106
34385292-12	2021	Specific topics included (1) providing recommendations to aid physicians in the management of patients receiving buprenorphine for MOUD in the perioperative setting and (2) providing recommendations to aid physicians in the initiation of buprenorphine in patients with suspected OUD in the perioperative setting.	Buprenorphine	113-126	activation induced cytidine deaminase	Homo sapiens	58-61
34600253-2	2021	METHODS: Data were from a multisite clinical trial comparing extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) with treatment as usual (TAU; buprenorphine or methadone) to achieve HIV viral suppression among people with OUD and uncontrolled HIV disease.	Buprenorphine	128-141	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	123-126
34647379-2	2022	Although buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) is an evidence-based, first-line opioid agonist for the management of opioid use disorder, a key challenge in its prescribing lies in the fact that it can precipitate opioid withdrawal during its initial induction process.	Buprenorphine	9-22	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	33-39
34098203-1	2022	AIMS: To evaluate associations between new types of buprenorphine waivers (nurse practitioner and physician assistant (NP/PA); 275-patient limit (MD/DO-275)) and both buprenorphine prescribing and health outcomes.	Buprenorphine	52-65	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	119-124
34098203-2	2022	METHODS: Using comprehensive county-level data from California 2010-2018, we modeled quarterly associations between numbers of NP/PA and MD/DO-275 waivers and rates of buprenorphine prescribing, opioid-related deaths, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations among all counties and separately among metropolitan and nonmetropolitan counties using Poisson regression models with county and quarter fixed effects and adjusting for time-varying covariates.	Buprenorphine	168-181	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	127-132
34098203-3	2022	RESULTS: Each additional NP/PA and MD/DO-275 waiver was associated with a 2.6% (95%CI: 1.1-4.1%) and 5.8% (4.1-7.4%) increase in buprenorphine prescribing among nonmetropolitan counties, respectively.	Buprenorphine	129-142	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	25-30
34098203-6	2022	CONCLUSIONS: NP/PA waivers were associated with increased buprenorphine prescribing among nonmetropolitan counties and MD/DO-275 waivers were associated with increased buprenorphine prescribing among both metropolitan and nonmetropolitan counties.	Buprenorphine	58-71	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	13-18
34385292-12	2021	Specific topics included (1) providing recommendations to aid physicians in the management of patients receiving buprenorphine for MOUD in the perioperative setting and (2) providing recommendations to aid physicians in the initiation of buprenorphine in patients with suspected OUD in the perioperative setting.	Buprenorphine	238-251	activation induced cytidine deaminase	Homo sapiens	202-205
34274374-7	2021	SUR1 KO mice had attenuated mechanical antinociception after systemic administration of buprenorphine, fentanyl, and DAMGO.	Buprenorphine	88-101	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 8	Mus musculus	0-4
34274374-9	2021	Hyperlocomotion after administration of morphine and buprenorphine was potentiated in SUR1 KO mice, but was not seen after administration of fentanyl or DAMGO.	Buprenorphine	53-66	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 8	Mus musculus	86-90
34407719-2	2021	Rs678849, an intronic variant in the delta-opioid receptor gene (OPRD1), has been found to predict regional brain volume, addiction risk, and the efficacy of buprenorphine/naloxone in treating opioid use disorder.	Buprenorphine	158-171	opioid receptor delta 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
34520027-13	2021	Introducing this new form of buprenorphine treatment at SSPs could help meet the needs of individuals who are not well-served by standard OUD treatment models.	Buprenorphine	29-42	Wnt family member 10A	Homo sapiens	56-60
34183434-2	2021	The mu-opioid receptor (MOPr) partial agonist buprenorphine, alone or in combination with naltrexone, has been shown to reduce cocaine positive urine tests and cocaine seeking in rodents.	Buprenorphine	46-59	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	4-22
34183434-2	2021	The mu-opioid receptor (MOPr) partial agonist buprenorphine, alone or in combination with naltrexone, has been shown to reduce cocaine positive urine tests and cocaine seeking in rodents.	Buprenorphine	46-59	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	24-28
34183434-5	2021	Thus, we hypothesized that a buprenorphine derivative that exhibits antagonist activity at MOPr and KOPr with enhanced agonist activity at the NOPr could provide a more effective treatment.	Buprenorphine	29-42	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	91-95
34183434-12	2021	The findings support the development of buprenorphine analogues lacking MOPr agonism with increased NOPr agonism for relapse prevention to cocaine addiction.	Buprenorphine	40-53	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	72-76
34361663-9	2021	Such delayed MOP dephosphorylation kinetics were also found for the partial agonist buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	84-97	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
34361663-10	2021	However, buprenorphine, SR-17018-induced MOP phosphorylation was fully reversible when naloxone was included in the washout solution.	Buprenorphine	9-22	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
34336001-3	2021	Furthermore, dextromethorphan can inhibit the accumulation of GPR37 in the hippocampus of newborns caused by buprenorphine and is accompanied by the proapoptotic ER stress response that involves the procaspase-3/CHOP pathway.	Buprenorphine	109-122	G protein-coupled receptor 37	Homo sapiens	62-67
34336001-4	2021	Primary astrocyte cultures derived from the neonates of the buprenorphine group also displayed aberrant ER calcium mobilization and elevated basal levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at 14 days in vitro while showing sensitivity to lipopolysaccharide-activated expression of COX-2.	Buprenorphine	60-73	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	157-173
34336001-4	2021	Primary astrocyte cultures derived from the neonates of the buprenorphine group also displayed aberrant ER calcium mobilization and elevated basal levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at 14 days in vitro while showing sensitivity to lipopolysaccharide-activated expression of COX-2.	Buprenorphine	60-73	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	175-180
34336001-4	2021	Primary astrocyte cultures derived from the neonates of the buprenorphine group also displayed aberrant ER calcium mobilization and elevated basal levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at 14 days in vitro while showing sensitivity to lipopolysaccharide-activated expression of COX-2.	Buprenorphine	60-73	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	274-279
34554106-4	2021	Providing Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) using buprenorphine/naloxone film (BUP/NX-F) for OUD is limited by financial constraints.	Buprenorphine	52-65	neuronal PAS domain protein 4	Homo sapiens	85-89
34223499-3	2021	Buprenorphine is a partial mu receptor agonist and a kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, with a better safety profile than full mu receptor agonists.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	53-74
34520028-14	2021	Co-prescription of medications known to interact with cytochrome P450 3A4 was associated with nondetection of BPN (p < 0.05).	Buprenorphine	110-113	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	54-73
34520028-17	2021	Failure to detect BPN does not betoken nonadherence to treatment and is associated with co-prescription of drugs interacting with cytochrome P450 3A4.	Buprenorphine	18-21	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	130-149
35218405-0	2022	Moderation of buprenorphine therapy for cocaine dependence efficacy by variation of the Prodynorphin gene.	Buprenorphine	14-27	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	88-100
35218405-1	2022	PURPOSE: The aim of this secondary analysis was to identify prodynorphin (PDYN) genetic markers moderating the therapeutic response to treatment of cocaine dependence with buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone ; BUP).	Buprenorphine	172-185	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	60-72
35218405-1	2022	PURPOSE: The aim of this secondary analysis was to identify prodynorphin (PDYN) genetic markers moderating the therapeutic response to treatment of cocaine dependence with buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone ; BUP).	Buprenorphine	172-185	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	74-78
35218405-9	2022	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PDYN variants may identify patients who are best suited to treatment with XR-NTX plus buprenorphine for cocaine use disorder pharmacotherapy.	Buprenorphine	125-138	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	39-43
2832191-0	1988	Evidence for a differential interaction of buprenorphine with opiate receptor subtypes controlling prolactin secretion.	Buprenorphine	43-56	prolactin	Homo sapiens	99-108
35614487-0	2022	Variations in national availability of waivered buprenorphine prescribers by racial and ethnic composition of zip codes.	Buprenorphine	48-61	death associated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	110-113
35614487-7	2022	RESULTS: Compared with predominantly Non-Hispanic White ZIP codes, other racially and ethnically diverse areas had a higher proportion of waivered buprenorphine prescribers.	Buprenorphine	147-160	death associated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	56-59
35435071-1	2022	Nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) prescribing can increase access to buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder.	Buprenorphine	88-101	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	20-22
35435071-1	2022	Nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) prescribing can increase access to buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder.	Buprenorphine	88-101	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	49-51
35435071-2	2022	In this cross-sectional study, we used deidentified claims from approximately 90% of U.S. retail pharmacies (2017-2018) to examine the association of state policies with the odds of receiving buprenorphine treatment from an NP/PA versus a physician, overall and stratified by urban/rural status.	Buprenorphine	192-205	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	224-229
35435071-4	2022	Policies associated with greater odds of buprenorphine treatment from an NP/PA included full scope of practice (SOP) for NPs, full SOP for PAs, Medicaid pay parity for NPs (reimbursement at 100% of the fee-for-service physician rate), and Medicaid expansion.	Buprenorphine	41-54	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	73-78
35435071-5	2022	Although most findings with respect to policies were similar in urban and rural settings, the association of Medicaid expansion with NP/PA buprenorphine treatment was driven by rural counties.	Buprenorphine	139-152	natriuretic peptide A	Homo sapiens	133-138
35304767-12	2022	Median urine concentrations of buprenorphine were highest at 2 hours and were higher in participants receiving CYP3A4 inhibitors.	Buprenorphine	31-44	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	111-117
35284239-6	2022	BUP injection (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) to pregnant rats markedly reduced the expression levels of caspase 3 in the hippocampus of neonates in BUP 0.5 group (p < 0.01) and BUP 1 group (p < 0.05) versus the controls.	Buprenorphine	0-3	beta-ureidopropionase 1	Rattus norvegicus	164-169
34978244-2	2022	CYP19A1 (aromatase) is the enzyme responsible for metabolizing methadone and buprenorphine in the human placenta.	Buprenorphine	77-90	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
2520912-11	1989	Therefore, patients who received the larger dose of buprenorphine had better control of hemodynamics and catecholamines, but a greater elevation of plasma ADH levels.	Buprenorphine	52-65	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	155-158
3211364-0	1988	Effects of exposure in utero to methadone and buprenorphine on enkephalin levels in the developing rat brain.	Buprenorphine	46-59	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	63-73
35620644-17	2022	BPN normalized MOR expression in both males and females.	Buprenorphine	0-3	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	15-18
35284239-6	2022	BUP injection (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) to pregnant rats markedly reduced the expression levels of caspase 3 in the hippocampus of neonates in BUP 0.5 group (p < 0.01) and BUP 1 group (p < 0.05) versus the controls.	Buprenorphine	0-3	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	91-100
34730810-0	2022	Day-One Pain Reductions after Hip and Knee Replacement when Buprenorphine-Clonidine-Dexamethasone is added to Bupivacaine Nerve/Plexus Blocks: A Randomized Clinical Trial.	Buprenorphine	60-73	hedgehog interacting protein	Homo sapiens	30-33
2723127-0	1989	Naloxone suppresses buprenorphine stimulation of plasma prolactin.	Buprenorphine	20-33	prolactin	Homo sapiens	56-65
2723127-3	1989	Simultaneous injection of buprenorphine 0.3 mg and saline resulted in an average increase in plasma prolactin above baseline levels of approximately 10 and 25 ng/ml, 30 and 55 minutes after injection.	Buprenorphine	26-39	prolactin	Homo sapiens	100-109
2723127-4	1989	Buprenorphine-induced stimulation of plasma prolactin levels was statistically significantly greater than basal prolactin values (p less than 0.01).	Buprenorphine	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	44-53
2723127-5	1989	When 0.6 mg of naloxone was simultaneously injected with 0.3 mg buprenorphine, peak plasma prolactin levels were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than prolactin values after administration of 0.3 mg buprenorphine and saline.	Buprenorphine	64-77	prolactin	Homo sapiens	91-100
2723127-6	1989	Simultaneous injection of 0.45 mg naloxone and 0.3 mg buprenorphine also resulted in a significant attenuation (p less than 0.05) of buprenorphine-stimulated prolactin levels.	Buprenorphine	54-67	prolactin	Homo sapiens	158-167
2723127-6	1989	Simultaneous injection of 0.45 mg naloxone and 0.3 mg buprenorphine also resulted in a significant attenuation (p less than 0.05) of buprenorphine-stimulated prolactin levels.	Buprenorphine	133-146	prolactin	Homo sapiens	158-167
2723127-8	1989	These findings demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between naloxone concentration and suppression of the increase in plasma prolactin levels produced by administration of buprenorphine 0.3 mg. As prolactin stimulation occurs shortly after opioid agonist administration and is temporally concordant with the rapid induction of pharmacologic reinforcement associated with opiate abuse, naloxone added to buprenorphine parenteral preparations may reduce the abuse potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	174-187	prolactin	Homo sapiens	127-136
2723127-8	1989	These findings demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between naloxone concentration and suppression of the increase in plasma prolactin levels produced by administration of buprenorphine 0.3 mg. As prolactin stimulation occurs shortly after opioid agonist administration and is temporally concordant with the rapid induction of pharmacologic reinforcement associated with opiate abuse, naloxone added to buprenorphine parenteral preparations may reduce the abuse potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	174-187	prolactin	Homo sapiens	199-208
2723127-8	1989	These findings demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between naloxone concentration and suppression of the increase in plasma prolactin levels produced by administration of buprenorphine 0.3 mg. As prolactin stimulation occurs shortly after opioid agonist administration and is temporally concordant with the rapid induction of pharmacologic reinforcement associated with opiate abuse, naloxone added to buprenorphine parenteral preparations may reduce the abuse potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	405-418	prolactin	Homo sapiens	127-136
2723127-8	1989	These findings demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between naloxone concentration and suppression of the increase in plasma prolactin levels produced by administration of buprenorphine 0.3 mg. As prolactin stimulation occurs shortly after opioid agonist administration and is temporally concordant with the rapid induction of pharmacologic reinforcement associated with opiate abuse, naloxone added to buprenorphine parenteral preparations may reduce the abuse potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	405-418	prolactin	Homo sapiens	199-208
2723127-8	1989	These findings demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between naloxone concentration and suppression of the increase in plasma prolactin levels produced by administration of buprenorphine 0.3 mg. As prolactin stimulation occurs shortly after opioid agonist administration and is temporally concordant with the rapid induction of pharmacologic reinforcement associated with opiate abuse, naloxone added to buprenorphine parenteral preparations may reduce the abuse potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	405-418	prolactin	Homo sapiens	127-136
2723127-8	1989	These findings demonstrate a dose-effect relationship between naloxone concentration and suppression of the increase in plasma prolactin levels produced by administration of buprenorphine 0.3 mg. As prolactin stimulation occurs shortly after opioid agonist administration and is temporally concordant with the rapid induction of pharmacologic reinforcement associated with opiate abuse, naloxone added to buprenorphine parenteral preparations may reduce the abuse potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	405-418	prolactin	Homo sapiens	199-208
2832191-1	1988	We studied the effects of various doses of the opiate derivative buprenorphine on serum prolactin levels and whether these effects could be counteracted by pretreatment with the opiate receptor blocker naloxone.	Buprenorphine	65-78	prolactin	Homo sapiens	88-97
2832191-2	1988	The administration of increasing doses of buprenorphine exerted a dual effect on serum prolactin levels.	Buprenorphine	42-55	prolactin	Homo sapiens	87-96
2832191-6	1988	These data are compatible with the hypothesis that buprenorphine could interfere with two different, but inter-dependent receptors: at low doses the oripavine derivative could act at one receptor site to cause an increase of serum prolactin, whereas at higher doses it could interact with a second site of lower affinity that is responsible for the inhibition of prolactin secretion.	Buprenorphine	51-64	prolactin	Homo sapiens	231-240
2832191-6	1988	These data are compatible with the hypothesis that buprenorphine could interfere with two different, but inter-dependent receptors: at low doses the oripavine derivative could act at one receptor site to cause an increase of serum prolactin, whereas at higher doses it could interact with a second site of lower affinity that is responsible for the inhibition of prolactin secretion.	Buprenorphine	51-64	prolactin	Homo sapiens	363-372
2997571-4	1985	Following buprenorphine, serum levels of corticosterone and luteinizing hormone were not changed while growth hormone release was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner.	Buprenorphine	10-23	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	103-117
2823167-0	1987	Buprenorphine has potent kappa opioid receptor antagonist activity.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	25-46
2982388-3	1985	Buprenorphine showed slow receptor association (30 min), but with high affinity to multiple sites from which dissociation was very slow (T 1/2 = 166 min) and incomplete (50% binding after 1 h).	Buprenorphine	0-13	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	137-152
7439255-1	1980	Antisera to buprenorphine were obtained in rabbits immunised with 3-0-carboxymethylbuprenorphine and N-hemisuccinyl-norbuprenorphine conjugated to bovine serum albumin.	Buprenorphine	12-25	albumin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	154-167
6328350-3	1984	Manganese chloride significantly decreased the affinity of binding of both [3H] buprenorphine and unlabelled buprenorphine to morphine and enkephalin receptors.	Buprenorphine	80-93	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	139-149
6328350-6	1984	Control studies indicated similar apparent affinities of buprenorphine for morphine (Ki = 0.30 nM) and enkephalin (Ki = 0.31 nM) sites, and lower affinity for benzomorphan sites (Ki = 4.16 nM).	Buprenorphine	57-70	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	103-113
7057390-5	1982	Effects of buprenorphine on LH and prolactin levels are more consistent with the actions of opiate agonists rather than opiate antagonists.	Buprenorphine	11-24	prolactin	Homo sapiens	35-44
7057390-0	1982	Buprenorphine effects on plasma luteinizing hormone and prolactin in male heroin addicts.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	56-65
7057390-1	1982	Buprenorphine, a mixed opiate agonist-antagonist, suppressed plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) and increased prolactin levels after 12 consecutive days of ascending dose administration (0.5-8 mg/day s.c.) in comparison to drug-free control conditions.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	107-116
7057390-2	1982	During a subsequent 10-day period of buprenorphine maintenance at a dose of a 8 mg s.c., LH levels remained suppressed and prolactin levels continued to be elevated.	Buprenorphine	37-50	prolactin	Homo sapiens	123-132
7057390-3	1982	Tolerance to buprenorphine effects on LH and prolactin levels did not occur during chronic drug administration.	Buprenorphine	13-26	prolactin	Homo sapiens	45-54
7057390-4	1982	Buprenorphine-induced changes in plasma LH and prolactin after chronic administration to human males were smaller than those observed with less potent opiate agonist drugs.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prolactin	Homo sapiens	47-56
33140519-1	2021	BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) must be able to obtain prescribed buprenorphine/naloxone films (BUP/NX) and naloxone nasal spray (NNS) from a pharmacy promptly to reduce risk for a recurrence of use and subsequent morbidity and mortality.	Buprenorphine	95-108	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	125-131
34011529-4	2021	The medium efficacy MOR agonist: buprenorphine in addition to inhibiting the euphoric effects of opioids of abuse, alleviates withdrawal and opioid-cravings, but its intrinsic MOR-efficacy is sufficient such that its utility is limited by abuse and safety liabilities.	Buprenorphine	33-46	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
33873027-7	2021	Medicaid expansion states exhibited significant differences in buprenorphine distribution across ZIP3 quintiles during 2007-2010, the magnitude of which increased across time periods.	Buprenorphine	63-76	solute carrier family 39 member 3	Homo sapiens	97-101
34011529-4	2021	The medium efficacy MOR agonist: buprenorphine in addition to inhibiting the euphoric effects of opioids of abuse, alleviates withdrawal and opioid-cravings, but its intrinsic MOR-efficacy is sufficient such that its utility is limited by abuse and safety liabilities.	Buprenorphine	33-46	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	176-179
34011529-6	2021	These observations indicate that a therapeutic with intrinsic MOR activity between the partial agonist (buprenorphine) and the antagonist (naltrexone) would strike a balance between the benefits and liabilities of these two therapeutics.	Buprenorphine	104-117	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
33154520-9	2021	Variations of the pharmacokinetic gene for CYP3A4 showed that the ultrarapid metabolizer phenotype required higher doses of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	124-137	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	43-49
33603137-2	2021	The complex in vitro profile of buprenorphine, with affinity for micro-, delta-, and kappa-opioid receptors (OR), makes it difficult to predict its dose-related neuropharmacology in vivo.	Buprenorphine	32-45	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	65-107
33154520-4	2021	Pharmacogenomic testing targets for buprenorphine include pharmacodynamic genes like the mu-opioid receptor (MOP receptor) and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), as well as the pharmacokinetic genes like the CYP enzymes.	Buprenorphine	36-49	catechol-O-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	127-155
33154520-6	2021	The OPRM1 A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs1799971) gene variant encoding the N40D MOP receptor has been associated with variable efficacy and response to treatment in both adult and neonatal patients receiving buprenorphine for treatment of opioid withdrawal.	Buprenorphine	222-235	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	4-9
33945452-8	2021	Buprenorphine microdose strategy was employed at more rapid titration and previously described in the literature, starting at 1 mg TDD on day 1, 3 mg TDD on day 2, and 8 mg TDD on day 3 with full agonist opioid overlap starting at 1,944 MME tapered down to 473 MME.	Buprenorphine	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	237-240
33945452-8	2021	Buprenorphine microdose strategy was employed at more rapid titration and previously described in the literature, starting at 1 mg TDD on day 1, 3 mg TDD on day 2, and 8 mg TDD on day 3 with full agonist opioid overlap starting at 1,944 MME tapered down to 473 MME.	Buprenorphine	0-13	membrane metalloendopeptidase	Homo sapiens	261-264
33750027-2	2021	Buprenorphine undergoes extensive cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 metabolism, leading to potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) as reported for sublingual buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	0-13	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	34-59
33833565-7	2021	Transdermal buprenorphine has been evaluated in clinical studies of patients undergoing gynecological surgery, hip fracture surgery, knee or hip arthroscopy/arthroplasty, shoulder surgery, and spinal surgery.	Buprenorphine	12-25	hedgehog interacting protein	Homo sapiens	111-114
33974767-9	2021	This is supported by the results of the expert survey, which demonstrated that those who have managed KUD in isolation of a comorbid OUD reported having utilized buprenorphine (89.5%), as well as the other medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD).	Buprenorphine	162-175	transmembrane protein 258	Homo sapiens	102-105
33750027-2	2021	Buprenorphine undergoes extensive cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 metabolism, leading to potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) as reported for sublingual buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	150-163	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	34-59
33750027-9	2021	Daily coadministration of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors with BUP-XR predicted mild increases in buprenorphine exposures (AUC, 33%-44%; Cmax , 17-28%).	Buprenorphine	91-104	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	33-39
33750027-10	2021	Daily coadministration of a strong CYP3A4 inducer was also associated with mild decreases in buprenorphine AUC (28%) and Cmax (22%).	Buprenorphine	93-106	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	35-41
33750027-11	2021	In addition, the model predicted minimal increases in buprenorphine AUC (8%-11%) under clinical conditions of 2 weeks" treatment with CYP3A4 inhibitors administered after initiation of BUP-XR.	Buprenorphine	54-67	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	134-140
33408720-10	2020	Additionally, repeated administration of this dual CCR2/CCR5 antagonist enhanced the analgesic effects of morphine and buprenorphine in neuropathic rats, which can be associated with the ability of cenicriviroc to prevent nerve injury-induced downregulation of all opioid receptors at the DRG level.	Buprenorphine	119-132	C-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
33384303-6	2021	Other MOR agonists produced high percentages of drug-lever responding in the morphine and mitragynine discrimination assays: 7-hydroxymitragynine (99.7% and 98.1%, respectively), fentanyl (99.7% and 80.1%, respectively), buprenorphine (99.8% and 79.4%, respectively), and nalbuphine (99.4% and 98.3%, respectively).	Buprenorphine	221-234	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
33608331-5	2021	We describe a successful sustained rescue of a difficult 2-year-long PLP case with sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone using the drug"s potent multimodal mechanisms of action: potent long-acting mu agonist/antagonist, kapa receptor antagonist, delta receptor antagonist and novel opioid receptor-like 1 (OR-L1) agonist effects.	Buprenorphine	94-107	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	278-300
33608331-5	2021	We describe a successful sustained rescue of a difficult 2-year-long PLP case with sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone using the drug"s potent multimodal mechanisms of action: potent long-acting mu agonist/antagonist, kapa receptor antagonist, delta receptor antagonist and novel opioid receptor-like 1 (OR-L1) agonist effects.	Buprenorphine	94-107	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	302-307
33748808-1	2021	Objective: Start Treatment and Recover (STAR) is an emergency department (ED) program that expands access to medication for opioid use disorder by identifying patients with opioid use disorder and offering ED-initiated buprenorphine/naloxone and rapid access to outpatient treatment.	Buprenorphine	219-232	steroidogenic acute regulatory protein	Homo sapiens	40-44
33408720-10	2020	Additionally, repeated administration of this dual CCR2/CCR5 antagonist enhanced the analgesic effects of morphine and buprenorphine in neuropathic rats, which can be associated with the ability of cenicriviroc to prevent nerve injury-induced downregulation of all opioid receptors at the DRG level.	Buprenorphine	119-132	C-C motif chemokine receptor 5	Rattus norvegicus	56-60
32932935-6	2020	Contrasting interactions with both MOR-mu and MOR-mu* can account for distinct pharmacological characteristics of inverse agonists (naltrexone), neutral antagonists (6beta-naltrexol), and mixed opioid agonist-antagonists (buprenorphine).	Buprenorphine	222-235	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
33157550-1	2020	Buprenorphine is a mu-opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist used to manage pain and addiction.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	19-37
33157550-1	2020	Buprenorphine is a mu-opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist used to manage pain and addiction.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
32932935-6	2020	Contrasting interactions with both MOR-mu and MOR-mu* can account for distinct pharmacological characteristics of inverse agonists (naltrexone), neutral antagonists (6beta-naltrexol), and mixed opioid agonist-antagonists (buprenorphine).	Buprenorphine	222-235	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
32932935-9	2020	Buprenorphine"s bell-shaped dose-response curve may also result from opposing effects on MOR-mu and MOR-mu*.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
32932935-9	2020	Buprenorphine"s bell-shaped dose-response curve may also result from opposing effects on MOR-mu and MOR-mu*.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
32760393-0	2020	CCR4 Antagonist (C021) Administration Diminishes Hypersensitivity and Enhances the Analgesic Potency of Morphine and Buprenorphine in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain.	Buprenorphine	117-130	chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-4
32870152-4	2020	This study aimed to assess differences in the pharmacological actions of buprenorphine, a mu-opioid receptor partial agonist, due to a polymorphism (A118G, rs1799971) in the OPRM1 gene in humans.	Buprenorphine	73-86	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	174-179
32760393-7	2020	In CCI-exposed mice, the pharmacological blockade of CCR4 enhanced the analgesic properties of morphine/buprenorphine and delayed the development of morphine-induced tolerance, which was associated with the silencing of IBA-1 activation in cells and decrease in CCL2 production.	Buprenorphine	104-117	chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 4	Mus musculus	53-57
32585880-5	2020	Moreover, the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of buprenorphine with CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein perpetrator drugs should be elucidated.	Buprenorphine	55-68	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	74-80
32167629-2	2020	METHODS: In an open-label, uncontrolled trial to test the feasibility of extended-release buprenorphine (BXR) injection treatment of heroin-using individuals with opioid use disorder testing positive for HPSO, participants were enrolled and began an induction with sublingual BXR (n = 5).	Buprenorphine	90-103	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	105-108
32585880-5	2020	Moreover, the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of buprenorphine with CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein perpetrator drugs should be elucidated.	Buprenorphine	55-68	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	85-99
31929398-0	2020	Pregnancy Alters CYP and UGT Mediated Metabolism of Buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	52-65	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	25-28
32113805-7	2020	Melamine and nicotine increased CYP19A1, melamine increased UGT and GST, PhIP with ethanol decreased CYP19A1 and increased GST, and PhIP with buprenorphine decreased CAT.	Buprenorphine	142-155	pleckstrin homology domain interacting protein	Homo sapiens	132-136
32113805-7	2020	Melamine and nicotine increased CYP19A1, melamine increased UGT and GST, PhIP with ethanol decreased CYP19A1 and increased GST, and PhIP with buprenorphine decreased CAT.	Buprenorphine	142-155	catalase	Homo sapiens	166-169
31994020-3	2020	Buprenorphine is considered a partial agonist with very high binding affinity for the mu-opioid receptor, an antagonist with high binding affinity for the delta- and kappa-opioid receptors, and an agonist with low binding affinity for the opioid receptor-like 1 receptor.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	155-188
32268932-1	2020	Both standard and sustained-release injectable formulations of buprenorphine (Bup and BupSR, respectively) are used as preemptive analgesics, potentially affecting gas anesthetic requirements.	Buprenorphine	63-76	COMM domain containing 3	Mus musculus	78-81
32268932-2	2020	This study tested the effects of Bup and BupSRon isoflurane requirements and confirmed that buprenorphine could reduce isoflurane requirements during a laparotomy in mice.	Buprenorphine	92-105	COMM domain containing 3	Mus musculus	33-36
31991138-10	2020	Despite the low efficacy and potency of morphine, oxycodone and buprenorphine in recruiting beta-arrestin2 to the MOP-r herein, these opioids all evoked respiratory depression and constipation in rats.	Buprenorphine	64-77	arrestin, beta 2, pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	92-106
32204739-8	2020	Additionally, KOR likely mediates the antidepressant and some of the anxiolytic effects of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	91-104	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
32204739-12	2020	Further studies are necessary to study the involvement of endogenous opioid systems, and specifically KOR, in mediating buprenorphine"s beneficial effects and the ability to treat these medical conditions while minimizing risks for misuse and diversion.	Buprenorphine	120-133	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
32484968-7	2020	Prenatal exposure to methadone or buprenorphine also resulted in decreased activation of CaMKII and/or ERK during development, while young adult offspring displayed increased hippocampal ERK activation.	Buprenorphine	34-47	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	103-106
32484968-7	2020	Prenatal exposure to methadone or buprenorphine also resulted in decreased activation of CaMKII and/or ERK during development, while young adult offspring displayed increased hippocampal ERK activation.	Buprenorphine	34-47	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	187-190
31919846-6	2020	Moreover, repeated administration of a CCR1 antagonist enhanced the analgesic properties of morphine and buprenorphine after CCI.	Buprenorphine	105-118	C-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
32088361-4	2020	Additionally, we verified single nucleotide polymorphisms in Cytochrome P450 3a (Cyp3a) genes, which encode for enzymes that are relevant for buprenorphine metabolism, and analyzed serum and brain concentrations of buprenorphine and its metabolites.	Buprenorphine	142-155	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11	Mus musculus	81-86
32088361-4	2020	Additionally, we verified single nucleotide polymorphisms in Cytochrome P450 3a (Cyp3a) genes, which encode for enzymes that are relevant for buprenorphine metabolism, and analyzed serum and brain concentrations of buprenorphine and its metabolites.	Buprenorphine	215-228	cytochrome P450, family 3, subfamily a, polypeptide 11	Mus musculus	81-86
31929398-6	2020	Our study aimed to evaluate alterations in cytochromes P450 (CYP)- and uridine diphosphate glucunosyltransferases (UGT)- mediated metabolism of BUP during pregnancy to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for this observation.	Buprenorphine	144-147	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	115-118
31929398-16	2020	The AUC ratios of buprenorphine glucuronide to BUP, indicative of UGT activity, were 0.71, 2.07, and 0.3 at 1 / 2 trimesters, 3 trimester, and postpartum, respectively.	Buprenorphine	47-50	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	66-69
31929398-17	2020	Linear mixed effect modeling analysis indicated that the AUC ratios of CYP- and UGT- mediated metabolism of BUP were significantly higher during pregnancy compared to postpartum.	Buprenorphine	108-111	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	80-83
31929398-18	2020	CONCLUSIONS: The CYP- and UGT- activities were significantly increased as determined by the metabolic ratios of BUP during pregnancy compared to the postpartum period.	Buprenorphine	112-115	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	26-29
31929398-6	2020	Our study aimed to evaluate alterations in cytochromes P450 (CYP)- and uridine diphosphate glucunosyltransferases (UGT)- mediated metabolism of BUP during pregnancy to determine the mechanism(s) responsible for this observation.	Buprenorphine	144-147	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A complex locus	Homo sapiens	71-113
31884398-6	2020	From SERS spectral series the regression models were developed to predict alkaloids concentration in the range of 10-3-10-7 mol/l, in the case of buprenorphine adsorbed on Ag substrate we were able to broaden this range down to 10-9 mol/l.	Buprenorphine	146-159	seryl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	5-9
31486774-3	2019	However, emerging evidence suggest that a commonly recommended opioid, buprenorphine, dramatically elevated circulating IL-6 levels and reduced animal survival in male C57BL/6 mice, but not in female mice possibly due to the complex interference of estrous cycles, fueling an ongoing debate regarding the possible impact of analgesic administration on the sepsis-induced systemic inflammation.	Buprenorphine	71-84	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	120-124
32898790-4	2020	This method enabled the challenging radiosynthesis of [11C]nor-buprenorphine ([11C]nor-BUP), the main metabolite of buprenorphine (BUP) which has been identified as a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport function at the blood-brain barrier (BBB).	Buprenorphine	63-76	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	184-198
32898790-4	2020	This method enabled the challenging radiosynthesis of [11C]nor-buprenorphine ([11C]nor-BUP), the main metabolite of buprenorphine (BUP) which has been identified as a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport function at the blood-brain barrier (BBB).	Buprenorphine	63-76	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	200-204
32898790-4	2020	This method enabled the challenging radiosynthesis of [11C]nor-buprenorphine ([11C]nor-BUP), the main metabolite of buprenorphine (BUP) which has been identified as a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport function at the blood-brain barrier (BBB).	Buprenorphine	87-90	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	184-198
32898790-4	2020	This method enabled the challenging radiosynthesis of [11C]nor-buprenorphine ([11C]nor-BUP), the main metabolite of buprenorphine (BUP) which has been identified as a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport function at the blood-brain barrier (BBB).	Buprenorphine	87-90	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	200-204
31254971-1	2019	Buprenorphine/samidorphan (BUP/SAM; ALKS 5461) is an investigational opioid system modulator for the adjunctive treatment of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), who did not respond adequately to prior antidepressant therapy (ADT).	Buprenorphine	0-13	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	27-30
31486774-4	2019	As per the recommendation of a local government agency, we performed a pilot study and confirmed that repetitive administration of buprenorphine indeed markedly elevated circulating levels of four sepsis surrogate markers (e.g., IL-6, KC, MCP-1 and G-CSF) in 20- 60% of septic animals.	Buprenorphine	131-144	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	229-233
31486774-4	2019	As per the recommendation of a local government agency, we performed a pilot study and confirmed that repetitive administration of buprenorphine indeed markedly elevated circulating levels of four sepsis surrogate markers (e.g., IL-6, KC, MCP-1 and G-CSF) in 20- 60% of septic animals.	Buprenorphine	131-144	mast cell protease 1	Mus musculus	239-244
31486774-4	2019	As per the recommendation of a local government agency, we performed a pilot study and confirmed that repetitive administration of buprenorphine indeed markedly elevated circulating levels of four sepsis surrogate markers (e.g., IL-6, KC, MCP-1 and G-CSF) in 20- 60% of septic animals.	Buprenorphine	131-144	peripheral blood stem cell response to granulocyte colony stimulating factor 1	Mus musculus	249-254
31003094-14	2019	Additionally, we showed for the first time that intrathecal injection of CCL2 and CCL7 neutralizing antibodies not only attenuated CCI-induced pain-related behaviors in mice but also augmented the analgesia induced by morphine and buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	231-244	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	73-77
31351113-6	2019	Western blot analysis of cerebella isolated from 14 days old rat pups exposed to buprenorphine showed significantly lower level of the GluN2B subunit, while the opioid exposed chicken embryo cerebellar GluN2B expression remained unaffected at embryonic day 17.	Buprenorphine	81-94	glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Rattus norvegicus	135-141
31319903-0	2019	Immunomodulation Associated with Sustained-release Buprenorphine in Female CD1 Mice Challenged with Ovalbumin.	Buprenorphine	51-64	CD1 antigen complex	Mus musculus	75-78
31319903-0	2019	Immunomodulation Associated with Sustained-release Buprenorphine in Female CD1 Mice Challenged with Ovalbumin.	Buprenorphine	51-64	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene	Mus musculus	100-109
31003094-14	2019	Additionally, we showed for the first time that intrathecal injection of CCL2 and CCL7 neutralizing antibodies not only attenuated CCI-induced pain-related behaviors in mice but also augmented the analgesia induced by morphine and buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	231-244	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7	Mus musculus	82-86
30102427-1	2019	Buprenorphine/samidorphan combination (BUP/SAM) is an opioid system modulator being investigated as adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder.	Buprenorphine	0-13	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	39-42
31028107-10	2019	These findings support the possibility that NorBUP contributes to fetal opioid dependence and NOWS following maternal buprenorphine treatment during pregnancy.	Buprenorphine	118-131	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	44-50
31174716-8	2019	Buprenorphine use, as a percentage of patients with an opioid use disorder diagnosis, was significantly greater among the boards using the Advancing Recovery strategies during the three-year experimental period (odds ratio (OR) 1.63, 95% CI, 1.50 to 1.76, p &lt; .001) and a one-year maintenance period (OR 2.13, 95% CI, 1.85 to 2.46, p &lt; .001).	Buprenorphine	0-13	olfactory receptor family 1 subfamily F member 2 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	212-232
30368523-2	2019	An OPRD1 variant (rs678849) was previously associated with methadone and buprenorphine efficacy in African-Americans with opioid use disorder.	Buprenorphine	73-86	opioid receptor delta 1	Homo sapiens	3-8
31040679-2	2019	Previously reported clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of the investigational agent buprenorphine/samidorphan (BUP/SAM) combination, an opioid-system modulator, for the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder.	Buprenorphine	96-109	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	123-126
30553825-1	2019	Modulation of the opioid system has re-emerged as a potential therapeutic avenue for treating depression, with efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of buprenorphine (BUP), a partial mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist and kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist, and samidorphan (SAM), a potent MOR antagonist, as an adjuvant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).	Buprenorphine	151-164	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	202-205
30553825-1	2019	Modulation of the opioid system has re-emerged as a potential therapeutic avenue for treating depression, with efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of buprenorphine (BUP), a partial mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist and kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist, and samidorphan (SAM), a potent MOR antagonist, as an adjuvant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).	Buprenorphine	151-164	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	242-245
30553825-1	2019	Modulation of the opioid system has re-emerged as a potential therapeutic avenue for treating depression, with efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of buprenorphine (BUP), a partial mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist and kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist, and samidorphan (SAM), a potent MOR antagonist, as an adjuvant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).	Buprenorphine	151-164	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	291-294
30102427-2	2019	BUP/SAM is a fixed-dose combination of buprenorphine, a partial mu-opioid receptor agonist and kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, and samidorphan, a mu-opioid receptor antagonist added to address the abuse and dependence potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	39-52	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
30102427-2	2019	BUP/SAM is a fixed-dose combination of buprenorphine, a partial mu-opioid receptor agonist and kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, and samidorphan, a mu-opioid receptor antagonist added to address the abuse and dependence potential of buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	233-246	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
30102427-3	2019	In this study, we assessed the effect of samidorphan on the abuse potential of buprenorphine in the BUP/SAM combination in nondependent, recreational, adult opioid users (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02413281).	Buprenorphine	79-92	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	100-103
30102427-10	2019	These findings indicate that samidorphan substantially reduces the abuse potential of buprenorphine in the BUP/SAM combination.	Buprenorphine	86-99	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	107-110
31322067-10	2019	Transdermal buprenorphine showed an ICER of about US$11,000.00 while pregabalin showed ICER of roughly US$19,200 this is not rough at all and not ICERs but ICER.	Buprenorphine	12-25	cAMP responsive element modulator	Homo sapiens	36-40
30835647-3	2019	CASE: The patient is a 56-year-old Caucasian male with a history of opiate use disorder on treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone 8/2 mg 2 times a day (BID) who was followed in an outpatient general psychiatry clinic that specializes in patients with co-occurring substance use disorders.	Buprenorphine	106-119	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	151-154
30664299-3	2019	The aim of this study is to compare response of PTSD symptoms when antagonizing KOR via buprenorphine/naloxone compared to SSRIs or opioid therapy.	Buprenorphine	88-101	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
30513249-4	2019	OBJECTIVES: The current study is aimed at evaluation of the impact of change in buprenorphine-naloxone formulation on prescription pattern, treatment adherence, and patient satisfaction with OST.	Buprenorphine	80-93	dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase non-catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	191-194
30293115-0	2018	Letter to Editor concerning "Comparative study of the efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine patches and prolonged-release tramadol tablets for postoperative pain control after spinal fusion surgery: a prospective, randomized controlled non-inferiority trial" by Kim HJ, Ahn HS, Nam Y, Chang BS, Lee CK, Yeom JS (2017) Eur Spine J 26:2961-2968.	Buprenorphine	78-91	SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3	Homo sapiens	278-281
30167757-11	2018	CONCLUSIONS: Voriconazole greatly increases exposure to oral buprenorphine, mainly by inhibiting intestinal and liver CYP3A4.	Buprenorphine	61-74	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	118-124
30167757-13	2018	Although oral buprenorphine is not commonly used, this interaction may become relevant in patients receiving sublingual buprenorphine together with voriconazole or other CYP3A4 or transporter inhibitors.	Buprenorphine	14-27	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	170-176
29791013-0	2018	Frontline Science: Buprenorphine decreases CCL2-mediated migration of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes.	Buprenorphine	19-32	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
29791013-0	2018	Frontline Science: Buprenorphine decreases CCL2-mediated migration of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes.	Buprenorphine	19-32	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	70-74
29791013-0	2018	Frontline Science: Buprenorphine decreases CCL2-mediated migration of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes.	Buprenorphine	19-32	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	76-80
29791013-9	2018	The effects of buprenorphine on CCL2-mediated CD14+ CD16+ monocytes transmigration across the BBB, a critical mechanism that promotes neuroinflammation and HAND, have not been characterized.	Buprenorphine	15-28	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
29791013-9	2018	The effects of buprenorphine on CCL2-mediated CD14+ CD16+ monocytes transmigration across the BBB, a critical mechanism that promotes neuroinflammation and HAND, have not been characterized.	Buprenorphine	15-28	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	46-50
29791013-9	2018	The effects of buprenorphine on CCL2-mediated CD14+ CD16+ monocytes transmigration across the BBB, a critical mechanism that promotes neuroinflammation and HAND, have not been characterized.	Buprenorphine	15-28	Fc gamma receptor IIIa	Homo sapiens	52-56
29791013-10	2018	We showed for the first time that buprenorphine decreases several steps of CCL2-mediated human mature monocyte transmigration.	Buprenorphine	34-47	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
29786873-4	2018	Our data show that there are marked differences in the potency rank order for morphine and buprenorphine between rats sourced from BC2 and BC1.	Buprenorphine	91-104	brain cytoplasmic RNA 1	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
30297131-10	2018	Plasma buprenorphine concentrations were between 1 and 8 ng mL-1 for approximately 48 hours.	Buprenorphine	7-20	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	60-64
30079432-10	2018	Participants having higher levels of plasma MCP-1 reported higher SOWS, most notably after the buprenorphine taper ended.	Buprenorphine	95-108	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
29781244-9	2018	Our ITP showed effectiveness and security in reducing MEDD in opioid-dependent patients, with good conversion to buprenorphine that was more pronounced in 118-AA OPRM1 patients.	Buprenorphine	113-126	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	162-167
28635181-0	2018	Buprenorphine requires concomitant activation of NOP and MOP receptors to reduce cocaine consumption.	Buprenorphine	0-13	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	49-52
30146992-3	2018	Medication-assisted treatment or MAT (i.e. methadone, buprenorphine) is the gold standard for treatment of opioid use disorder.	Buprenorphine	54-67	methionine adenosyltransferase 1A	Homo sapiens	33-36
29127441-2	2018	The micro-opioid receptor (MOP-r) gene, Oprm1, resides at the proximal end of Chr 10, and buprenorphine reduces MA intake in MAHDR mice.	Buprenorphine	90-103	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	4-25
29127441-2	2018	The micro-opioid receptor (MOP-r) gene, Oprm1, resides at the proximal end of Chr 10, and buprenorphine reduces MA intake in MAHDR mice.	Buprenorphine	90-103	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	27-32
28635181-8	2018	Consistent with our hypothesis based on buprenorphine"s effects, results demonstrated that AT-034 and AT-201, which co-activate MOP and NOP receptors, reduced cocaine self-administration like buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	192-205	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
28635181-8	2018	Consistent with our hypothesis based on buprenorphine"s effects, results demonstrated that AT-034 and AT-201, which co-activate MOP and NOP receptors, reduced cocaine self-administration like buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	192-205	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	136-139
28635181-10	2018	Together, these data demonstrate that for buprenorphine, co-activation of MOP and NOP receptors is essential to reduce cocaine consumption.	Buprenorphine	42-55	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	74-77
28635181-0	2018	Buprenorphine requires concomitant activation of NOP and MOP receptors to reduce cocaine consumption.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
28635181-10	2018	Together, these data demonstrate that for buprenorphine, co-activation of MOP and NOP receptors is essential to reduce cocaine consumption.	Buprenorphine	42-55	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	82-85
28635181-2	2018	While for heroin it has been demonstrated that the effect of buprenorphine is mediated by its ability to activate mu-opioid peptide receptor (MOP) receptors, the mechanism through which it attenuates cocaine intake remains elusive.	Buprenorphine	61-74	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	114-140
28635181-2	2018	While for heroin it has been demonstrated that the effect of buprenorphine is mediated by its ability to activate mu-opioid peptide receptor (MOP) receptors, the mechanism through which it attenuates cocaine intake remains elusive.	Buprenorphine	61-74	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
28635181-7	2018	To confirm that co-activation of MOP and NOP receptors is the underlying mechanism through which buprenorphine reduces cocaine intake, three compounds, namely, AT-034, AT-201 and AT-202, with a range of affinity and intrinsic activity profiles for MOP and NOP receptors, but weak ability for kappa-opioid peptide receptor (KOP) transmission, were tested.	Buprenorphine	97-110	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
28635181-7	2018	To confirm that co-activation of MOP and NOP receptors is the underlying mechanism through which buprenorphine reduces cocaine intake, three compounds, namely, AT-034, AT-201 and AT-202, with a range of affinity and intrinsic activity profiles for MOP and NOP receptors, but weak ability for kappa-opioid peptide receptor (KOP) transmission, were tested.	Buprenorphine	97-110	prepronociceptin	Homo sapiens	41-44
29257919-1	2018	BACKGROUND: Buprenorphine and naloxone (bup/nal), a combination partial mu receptor agonist and low-dose delta mu antagonist, is presently recommended and used to treat opioid-use disorder.	Buprenorphine	12-25	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	40-43
29102550-0	2018	A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach to Predict Drug-Drug Interactions of Buprenorphine After Subcutaneous Administration of CAM2038 With Perpetrators of CYP3A4.	Buprenorphine	95-108	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	175-181
29102550-3	2018	A PBPK model was developed for CAM2038 based on the previously published buprenorphine PBPK model after intravenous and sublingual administration and the PK profiles after subcutaneous administration of CAM2038 from 2 phase I clinical trials.	Buprenorphine	73-86	calmodulin 3	Homo sapiens	31-34
29102550-4	2018	The strong CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole was predicted to increase the buprenorphine exposure by 35% for the Q1W formulation and 34% for Q4W formulation, respectively.	Buprenorphine	71-84	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	11-17
29102550-5	2018	Also, the strong CYP3A4 inducer rifampin was predicted to decrease the buprenorphine exposure by 26% for both the Q1W and Q4W formulations.	Buprenorphine	71-84	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	17-23
29197801-7	2018	The enhanced generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide by macrophages from mice treated with buprenorphine, oxycodone or morphine was also shown, along with increased release of IL-6, TNFalpha and TGFbeta.	Buprenorphine	112-125	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	197-201
29333880-6	2018	RESULTS: Genotype for 5-HTTLPR in the SLC6A4 gene was nominally associated with dropout rate when the methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone groups were combined.	Buprenorphine	116-129	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	22-30
29333880-6	2018	RESULTS: Genotype for 5-HTTLPR in the SLC6A4 gene was nominally associated with dropout rate when the methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone groups were combined.	Buprenorphine	116-129	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	38-44
29197801-7	2018	The enhanced generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide by macrophages from mice treated with buprenorphine, oxycodone or morphine was also shown, along with increased release of IL-6, TNFalpha and TGFbeta.	Buprenorphine	112-125	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	203-211
29197801-7	2018	The enhanced generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide by macrophages from mice treated with buprenorphine, oxycodone or morphine was also shown, along with increased release of IL-6, TNFalpha and TGFbeta.	Buprenorphine	112-125	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	216-223
28961489-12	2017	Repeated administration of the CCL1-neutralizing antibody (4mug) also enhanced the effectiveness of morphine and buprenorphine (1mug).	Buprenorphine	113-126	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1	Mus musculus	31-35
27958381-1	2018	The mu-opioid receptor (MOR) is the primary target of methadone and buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	68-81	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	4-22
27958381-1	2018	The mu-opioid receptor (MOR) is the primary target of methadone and buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	68-81	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
28111265-5	2017	Previous studies have shown that norbuprenorphine, but not buprenorphine, is a P-gp substrate.	Buprenorphine	36-49	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	79-83
28840839-6	2017	2) Buprenorphine inhibited the levels of mRNA and protein of several cytokines in M1 macrophages, and enhanced the expression of Ym1 and Fizz1 in M2 macrophages.	Buprenorphine	3-16	resistin like beta	Homo sapiens	137-142
28840839-8	2017	4) Buprenorphine inhibited the expression of IRF5 and reduced binding of DNA to IRF5.	Buprenorphine	3-16	interferon regulatory factor 5	Homo sapiens	45-49
28840839-8	2017	4) Buprenorphine inhibited the expression of IRF5 and reduced binding of DNA to IRF5.	Buprenorphine	3-16	interferon regulatory factor 5	Homo sapiens	80-84
28840839-9	2017	Buprenorphine may downregulate IRF5 pathway and limit M1 macrophage phenotype.	Buprenorphine	0-13	interferon regulatory factor 5	Homo sapiens	31-35
29450233-9	2017	Pharmacogenetic testing revealed that the patient exhibited a cytochrome P450 3A4 ultrarapid metabolizer phenotype, which necessitated a higher than recommended daily dose of buprenorphine (32 mg) for adequate OUD management.	Buprenorphine	175-188	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	62-81
28188737-0	2017	Genetic variation in the behavioral effects of buprenorphine in female mice derived from a murine model of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism.	Buprenorphine	47-60	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	111-116
28188737-2	2017	To date few studies have explored the potential impact of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism on the pharmacological effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a potent MOR partial agonist and kappa opioid receptor antagonist, which is approved by the FDA for the treatment of opioid addiction and chronic pain.	Buprenorphine	121-134	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	62-67
28188737-3	2017	The goal of these studies was to determine whether the MOR-mediated behavioral effects of BPN were altered in the Oprm1 A112G mouse model of the human OPRM1 A118G SNP.	Buprenorphine	90-93	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	55-58
28188737-9	2017	These studies demonstrate the ability of the Oprm1 A112G SNP to attenuate the analgesic, anxiolytic and hyperlocomotor effects of BPN.	Buprenorphine	130-133	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	45-50
28188737-10	2017	Overall, these data suggest that the OPRM1 A118G SNP will significantly impact the clinical efficacy of BPN in its therapeutic applications.	Buprenorphine	104-107	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	37-42
28468077-10	2017	Level of IL-4 abnormally rose up by 0.54 times in Jitai tablet plus buprenorphine group, while IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio been switched back at the 14(th) day of withdrawal.	Buprenorphine	68-81	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	9-13
27818236-5	2017	We found that behavioral responses to BPN in the NIH test were blocked in Oprm1-/- mice, but not in Oprk1-/- mice.	Buprenorphine	38-41	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	74-79
28301697-3	2017	Mark explains that he had been prescribed buprenorphine-naloxone maintenance therapy for opioid use disorder for several years prior to being arrested and had not used other opioids during that time.	Buprenorphine	42-55	microtubule affinity regulating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
28301697-7	2017	Mark tells Dr. Brown that he has felt "horrible" since his buprenorphine-naloxone therapy was stopped and that he now has intense cravings for opioids.	Buprenorphine	59-72	microtubule affinity regulating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27818236-1	2017	Buprenorphine (BPN), a mixed opioid drug with high affinity for mu (MOR) and kappa (KOR) opioid receptors, has been shown to produce behavioral responses in rodents that are similar to those of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	68-71
27818236-1	2017	Buprenorphine (BPN), a mixed opioid drug with high affinity for mu (MOR) and kappa (KOR) opioid receptors, has been shown to produce behavioral responses in rodents that are similar to those of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor, kappa 1	Mus musculus	84-87
27818236-1	2017	Buprenorphine (BPN), a mixed opioid drug with high affinity for mu (MOR) and kappa (KOR) opioid receptors, has been shown to produce behavioral responses in rodents that are similar to those of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs.	Buprenorphine	15-18	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	68-71
27818236-1	2017	Buprenorphine (BPN), a mixed opioid drug with high affinity for mu (MOR) and kappa (KOR) opioid receptors, has been shown to produce behavioral responses in rodents that are similar to those of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs.	Buprenorphine	15-18	opioid receptor, kappa 1	Mus musculus	84-87
27974484-0	2017	Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, R-Methadone, and S-Methadone Upregulate BCRP/ABCG2 Expression by Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Human Placental Trophoblasts.	Buprenorphine	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	73-77
27974484-0	2017	Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, R-Methadone, and S-Methadone Upregulate BCRP/ABCG2 Expression by Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Human Placental Trophoblasts.	Buprenorphine	0-13	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	78-83
27974484-0	2017	Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine, R-Methadone, and S-Methadone Upregulate BCRP/ABCG2 Expression by Activating Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Human Placental Trophoblasts.	Buprenorphine	0-13	aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens	109-134
27818236-8	2017	Moreover, antinociceptive studies revealed persistence of the MOR antagonist properties of BPN at 24h post-administration, the period of behavioral reactivity.	Buprenorphine	91-94	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	62-65
28017182-4	2017	METHODS: We conducted an observational study to determine the prevalence of RLS among inpatients patients receiving buprenorphine detoxification from opioids.	Buprenorphine	116-129	RLS1	Homo sapiens	76-79
27898496-2	2017	The present study aims to identify distinctive opioid use trajectories and factors associated with these patterns among participants randomized to treatment with methadone (MET) or buprenorphine + naloxone (BUP).	Buprenorphine	181-194	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	207-210
28292505-1	2017	OBJECTIVES: To develop key messages for methadone and buprenorphine safety education material based on an analysis of calls to the NYC Poison Control Center (NYC PCC) and designed for distribution to caregivers of young children.	Buprenorphine	54-67	crystallin gamma D	Homo sapiens	162-165
27736284-1	2016	Buprenorphine, a semisynthetic thebaine derivative, is a unique opioid, as it has activity at multiple receptors, including mu (partial agonist), kappa (antagonist), OLR-1 (agonist), and delta (antagonist).	Buprenorphine	0-13	oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1	Homo sapiens	166-171
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	66-75
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	77-81
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	87-92
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	130-134
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	158-162
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	catalase	Mus musculus	169-177
28572711-4	2017	Buprenorphine administration altered the expression of cytokines, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and MMP-3, and oxidative markers, for example, iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and catalase (CAT), in the CIA mice.	Buprenorphine	0-13	catalase	Mus musculus	179-182
26763728-0	2016	Blockade of IL-18 signaling diminished neuropathic pain and enhanced the efficacy of morphine and buprenorphine.	Buprenorphine	98-111	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	12-17
27223691-9	2016	Buprenorphine was an antagonist in DOR-1 expressing cells and an inverse agonist in KOR-1 cells.	Buprenorphine	0-13	opioid receptor, delta 1	Mus musculus	35-40
27463799-9	2016	Jejunal myeloperoxidase activity was significantly reduced by buprenorphine and tramadol in comparison to 5-FU control animals (53%, p = 0.0004 and 58%, p = 0.0001).	Buprenorphine	62-75	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	8-23
28097004-13	2016	This can be mainly explained by an enhancement of CYP3A-mediated first-pass metabolism, which sublingual buprenorphine only partially bypasses.	Buprenorphine	105-118	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	50-55
26407542-0	2016	Influence of UGT2B7, CYP3A4, and OPRM1 Gene Polymorphisms on Transdermal Buprenorphine Pain Control in Patients with Critical Lower Limb Ischemia Awaiting Revascularization.	Buprenorphine	73-86	opioid receptor mu 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
26948856-1	2016	AIMS: To examine the safety and effectiveness of buprenorphine + naloxone sublingual tablets (BUP, as Suboxone( ) ) provided after administration of extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX, as Vivitrol( ) ) to reduce cocaine use in participants who met DSM-IV criteria for cocaine dependence and past or current opioid dependence or abuse.	Buprenorphine	49-62	COMM domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	94-97
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	69-82	opioid receptor, delta 1	Mus musculus	201-222
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	69-82	opioid receptor, delta 1	Mus musculus	224-227
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	69-82	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	233-255
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	69-82	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	257-262
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	84-87	opioid receptor, delta 1	Mus musculus	201-222
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	84-87	opioid receptor, delta 1	Mus musculus	224-227
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	84-87	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	233-255
26979295-1	2016	Previous studies have identified potential antidepressant effects of buprenorphine (BPN), a drug with high affinity for mu opioid receptor (MORs) and kappa opioid receptors (KORs) and some affinity at delta opioid receptor (DOR) and opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL-1) receptors.	Buprenorphine	84-87	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	257-262
26979295-6	2016	In contrast, BPN reduced immobility in MOR and DOR knockout mice and in mice pretreated with the ORL-1 antagonist JTC-801.	Buprenorphine	13-16	opioid receptor, mu 1	Mus musculus	39-42
26979295-6	2016	In contrast, BPN reduced immobility in MOR and DOR knockout mice and in mice pretreated with the ORL-1 antagonist JTC-801.	Buprenorphine	13-16	opioid receptor, delta 1	Mus musculus	47-50
26979295-6	2016	In contrast, BPN reduced immobility in MOR and DOR knockout mice and in mice pretreated with the ORL-1 antagonist JTC-801.	Buprenorphine	13-16	opioid receptor-like 1	Mus musculus	97-102
26979295-9	2016	The KOR was identified as a key player mediating the effects of BPN in tests sensitive to antidepressant drugs in mice.	Buprenorphine	64-67	opioid receptor, kappa 1	Mus musculus	4-7
26479717-0	2016	Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling After Repeated Administrations of RBP-6000, a New, Subcutaneously Injectable, Long-Acting, Sustained-Release Formulation of Buprenorphine, for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder.	Buprenorphine	160-173	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
26479717-1	2016	RBP-6000 is a novel sustained-release formulation of buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid use disorder, which has been designed for once-monthly (28 days) subcutaneous (SC) injections.	Buprenorphine	53-66	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
26479717-2	2016	A population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed to describe the time course of buprenorphine plasma concentrations after repeated SC injections of RBP-6000 at 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, or 300 mg in treatment-seeking opioid-dependent subjects previously on sublingual buprenorphine (Subutex( ) ) treatment.	Buprenorphine	85-98	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
26763728-7	2016	Moreover, in rats exposed to a single intrathecal administration of IL-18BP (50 and 100 ng) 7 or 14 days following CCI, symptoms of neuropathic pain were attenuated, and the analgesia pursuant to morphine and buprenorphine (0.5 and 2.5 mug) was enhanced.	Buprenorphine	209-222	interleukin 18 binding protein	Rattus norvegicus	68-75
26763728-8	2016	In summary, the restoration of the analgesic activity of morphine and buprenorphine via the blockade of IL-18 signaling suggests that increased IL-18 pathway may account for the decreased analgesic efficacy of opioids for neuropathic pain.	Buprenorphine	70-83	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	104-109
26763728-8	2016	In summary, the restoration of the analgesic activity of morphine and buprenorphine via the blockade of IL-18 signaling suggests that increased IL-18 pathway may account for the decreased analgesic efficacy of opioids for neuropathic pain.	Buprenorphine	70-83	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	144-149
26962463-0	2016	Blockade of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR2, TLR4) Attenuates Pain and Potentiates Buprenorphine Analgesia in a Rat Neuropathic Pain Model.	Buprenorphine	77-90	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
26650971-0	2016	Sustained-Release Buprenorphine (RBP-6000) Blocks the Effects of Opioid Challenge With Hydromorphone in Subjects With Opioid Use Disorder.	Buprenorphine	18-31	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
26650971-2	2016	Buprenorphine, a mu-opioid receptor partial agonist and kappa opioid receptor antagonist, is now being developed as a monthly, sustained-release formulation (RBP-6000).	Buprenorphine	0-13	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	158-161
26817982-1	2016	Mice purportedly require dosing with the opioid buprenorphine (Bup-HCl) at least every 8 to 12 h to maintain an adequate plane of analgesia.	Buprenorphine	48-61	COMM domain containing 3	Mus musculus	63-66
26817982-2	2016	Here we used an experimental laparotomy model to determine the clinical efficacy of sustained-release formulations of buprenorphine (Bup-SR) after surgery in mice.	Buprenorphine	118-131	COMM domain containing 3	Mus musculus	133-136
26962463-0	2016	Blockade of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR2, TLR4) Attenuates Pain and Potentiates Buprenorphine Analgesia in a Rat Neuropathic Pain Model.	Buprenorphine	77-90	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
26962463-8	2016	Blockade of TLR2 and TLR4 produced analgesia and enhanced buprenorphine"s effectiveness, which suggests that they may be a putative target for future pharmacological pain relief tools, especially for opioid rotation, when the effect of morphine is tolerated.	Buprenorphine	58-71	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
26962463-8	2016	Blockade of TLR2 and TLR4 produced analgesia and enhanced buprenorphine"s effectiveness, which suggests that they may be a putative target for future pharmacological pain relief tools, especially for opioid rotation, when the effect of morphine is tolerated.	Buprenorphine	58-71	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	21-25