PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
32319115-2	2020	Oximes, such as the pyridinium oxime pralidoxime (2-PAM) in the United States, can reactivate the inhibited AChE and restore cholinergic function.	pralidoxime	37-48	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
33212192-1	2021	Nerve agent exposure is generally treated by an antidote formulation composed of a muscarinic antagonist, atropine sulfate (ATR), and a reactivator of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) such as pralidoxime, obidoxime (OBI), methoxime, trimedoxime or HI-6 and an anticonvulsant.	pralidoxime	187-198	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	173-177
32939596-7	2021	In the subset of monkeys (50%) that showed replicable improvement with MTEP, co-administration with the mGluR5 PAM, CDPPB (3-Cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide), blocked MTEP beneficial effects, consistent with mGluR5 actions.	pralidoxime	111-114	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1	Mus musculus	104-110
33960866-10	2022	Five of six patients receiving pralidoxime chloride 2 g showed an initial increase in AChE and BuChE activity that was not sustained despite an infusion of pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	31-51	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	86-90
33960866-10	2022	Five of six patients receiving pralidoxime chloride 2 g showed an initial increase in AChE and BuChE activity that was not sustained despite an infusion of pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	31-42	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	86-90
33960866-13	2022	There was a non-sustained increase in cholinesterase activity with pralidoxime, but further studies are required to analyse the extent to which oximes are clinically effective in phenthoate self-poisoning.	pralidoxime	67-78	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	38-52
32319115-2	2020	Oximes, such as the pyridinium oxime pralidoxime (2-PAM) in the United States, can reactivate the inhibited AChE and restore cholinergic function.	pralidoxime	50-55	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
32645360-6	2020	These compounds were evaluated for their in-vitro reactivation ability against pesticide (paraoxon-ethyl and paraoxon-methyl) inhibited-AChE and compared with standards antidote AChE reactivators pralidoxime and obidoxime.	pralidoxime	196-207	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	178-182
32898602-0	2020	Surface modification of pralidoxime chloride-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for enhanced brain reactivation of organophosphorus-inhibited AChE: pharmacokinetics in rat.	pralidoxime	24-44	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	140-144
32898602-3	2020	In the present work, we increased brain AChE reactivation efficacy by PEGylation of 2-PAM-SLNs using PEG-lipid N-(carbonyl-methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000)-1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, sodium salt) (DSPE-PEG2000) as a surface-modifier of SLNs.	pralidoxime	84-89	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
32898602-9	2020	An increase in reactivation of POX-inhibited human brain acetylcholinesterase up to 36.08 +- 4.3% after intravenous administration of 2-PAM-DSPE-PEG2000-SLNs (dose of 2-PAM is 5 mg/kg) was achieved.	pralidoxime	134-139	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	57-77
32267631-1	2020	Oximes like pralidoxime (2-PAM), obidoxime (Obi) and HI-6 are the only currently available therapeutics to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in case of intoxications with organophosphorus (OP) compounds.	pralidoxime	12-23	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	128-148
32267631-1	2020	Oximes like pralidoxime (2-PAM), obidoxime (Obi) and HI-6 are the only currently available therapeutics to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in case of intoxications with organophosphorus (OP) compounds.	pralidoxime	12-23	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	150-154
32512884-0	2020	Efficacy Assessment of an Uncharged Reactivator of NOP-Inhibited Acetylcholinesterase Based on Tetrahydroacridine Pyridine-Aldoxime Hybrid in Mouse Compared to Pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	160-171	crystallin, gamma B	Mus musculus	51-54
32382908-8	2020	The polysilicate aluminium ferric (PSAF) can greatly increase the dewatering efficiency of the filter press membrane, and the final dewatering amount could reach 310 g. The effect of purifying water quality was PSAF>PAM (polyacrylamide, PAM-1(18 million): PAM-2(23 million) = 3:7)>PAC (polyaluminium chloride).	pralidoxime	237-240	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	216-219
31954867-3	2020	Three common oximes are available: HI-6, Pralidoxime (2-PAM) and Obidoxime (Obi), all possess a nucleophile that can break the NA-AChE covalent bond.	pralidoxime	41-52	peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Cavia porcellus	56-59
31954867-3	2020	Three common oximes are available: HI-6, Pralidoxime (2-PAM) and Obidoxime (Obi), all possess a nucleophile that can break the NA-AChE covalent bond.	pralidoxime	41-52	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	130-134
32086265-6	2020	The ChE test kit helped to diagnose atypical cases of OP poisoning, for example, missing of typical muscarinic symptoms, and resulted in administration of pralidoxime, the oxime used in Serbia.	pralidoxime	155-166	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	4-7
31863869-8	2020	Rather, potential reactivators of phosphylated BChE, with its enlarged acyl pocket, were identified, especially in case of cyclosarin, where the reactivation rates of the lead reactivator was 100- and 6-times that of 2-PAM and HI-6, respectively.	pralidoxime	217-222	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	47-51
32012780-2	2020	In the present work, we performed a complementary quantum mechanical (QM) study to describe the mechanism by which deprotonated pralidoxime (2-PAM) could reactivate human (Homo sapiens sapiens) acetylcholinesterase (HssAChE) inhibited by the nerve agent VX.	pralidoxime	128-139	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	143-146
31879781-5	2020	The primary therapeutic strategy employed in the U.S. to treat OP intoxication includes reactivation of inhibited AChE with the oxime pralidoxime (2-PAM) along with the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine and the benzodiazepine, diazepam.	pralidoxime	128-145	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	114-118
31931016-2	2020	However, whether the antidotes atropine (ATR) and pralidoxime (2-PAM) are capable of restoring these reflex functions remains unexplored.	pralidoxime	50-61	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
31004594-3	2019	Its BChE reactivation potency was showed to be promising when compared to the standard oximes used in medical practice, asoxime (HI-6) and pralidoxime (2-PAM), especially in case of sarin and tabun.	pralidoxime	139-150	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	4-8
32995249-15	2019	The treatment for acute cholinergic crisis is administration of atropine alone or in combination with an antidote to the cholinesterase inhibitor (such as pralidoxime).	pralidoxime	155-166	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	121-135
31100277-1	2019	Since the development in the 1950"s of 2-PAM (Pralidoxime), an antidote that reactivates organophosphate conjugated acetylcholinesterase in target tissues upon pesticide or nerve agent exposure, improvements in antidotal therapy have largely involved congeneric pyridinium aldoximes.	pralidoxime	39-44	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	116-136
31100277-1	2019	Since the development in the 1950"s of 2-PAM (Pralidoxime), an antidote that reactivates organophosphate conjugated acetylcholinesterase in target tissues upon pesticide or nerve agent exposure, improvements in antidotal therapy have largely involved congeneric pyridinium aldoximes.	pralidoxime	46-57	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	116-136
31004594-3	2019	Its BChE reactivation potency was showed to be promising when compared to the standard oximes used in medical practice, asoxime (HI-6) and pralidoxime (2-PAM), especially in case of sarin and tabun.	pralidoxime	139-150	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	154-157
30458229-12	2019	Pralidoxime partially reactivated the AChE activity in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the hippocampus and striatum.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
30352302-2	2019	However, it is still not clear why pralidoxime (2-PAM) cannot provide full protection against TCBQ-induced biological damages even when 2-PAM was in excess.	pralidoxime	35-46	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	50-53
30496567-6	2018	Rats treated with either NIMP or NEMP without therapy or with NIMP or NEMP plus 2-PAM therapy showed similar increases in GFAP compared with vehicle controls.	pralidoxime	80-85	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Rattus norvegicus	122-126
30218682-2	2018	In the French armed forces, the current emergency treatment against OP intoxications is a fully licensed wet-dry dual-chambered autoinjector (Ineurope  ), that contains pralidoxime methylsulfate (2-PAM) to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE), atropine sulfate (AS) and avizafone chlorhydrate (AVZ).	pralidoxime	169-194	peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Macaca fascicularis	198-201
30218682-2	2018	In the French armed forces, the current emergency treatment against OP intoxications is a fully licensed wet-dry dual-chambered autoinjector (Ineurope  ), that contains pralidoxime methylsulfate (2-PAM) to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE), atropine sulfate (AS) and avizafone chlorhydrate (AVZ).	pralidoxime	169-194	acetylcholinesterase	Macaca fascicularis	227-247
30059851-6	2018	The cholinesterase reactivator, 2-PAM, was used as model drug for the loading in cationic liposomes.	pralidoxime	32-37	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	4-18
29482737-10	2018	(2) 2-PAM Cl, showed limited effectiveness in reactivating PHO-inhibited AChE, suggesting that it may have limited usefulness in the clinical management of acute PHO intoxication.	pralidoxime	4-9	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	73-77
29577198-1	2018	The efficiency of different reactivators of cholinesterase (toxogonin, dipiroxime, pralidoxime, carboxim, HI-6, and methoxime) at inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase and human acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate insecticide malathion was evaluated in in vitro experiments.	pralidoxime	83-94	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	176-196
29230717-0	2018	Utility of 2-Pyridine Aldoxime Methyl Chloride (2-PAM) for Acute Organophosphate Poisoning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.	pralidoxime	11-46	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	50-53
28328690-7	2018	There is reasonable theoretical science to suggest pralidoxime in case of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor toxicity.	pralidoxime	51-62	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	74-94
28328690-9	2018	Increased plasma cholinesterase activity after pralidoxime administration also makes it useful in this type of poisoning.	pralidoxime	47-58	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	17-31
29299760-0	2018	Correction to: Utility of 2-Pyridine Aldoxime Methyl Chloride (2-PAM) for Acute Organophosphate Poisoning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.	pralidoxime	26-61	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	65-68
28078916-1	2017	The study reports antidotal efficacy of three HNK [ bis quaternary 2-(hydroxyimino)-N-(pyridin-3yl) acetamide derivatives] and pralidoxime (2-PAM), against soman and tabun poisoning in Swiss albino mice.	pralidoxime	127-138	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	142-145
28648599-6	2017	Therefore, we propose that the BDM oxime group catalytically assists in ATP cleavage, thereby enhancing the ATPase activity of myosin in a manner analogous to pralidoxime-mediated reactivation of organophosphate-inactivated acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	159-170	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	127-133
29023426-2	2017	The nerve agent antidote 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium chloride (2-PAM or pralidoxime) was effectively encapsulated into the pores of MIL-125-NH2 as a result of the interactions between 2-PAM and the pore walls being mediated by pi-stacking and hydrogen bonds, as deduced from infrared spectroscopy and Monte Carlo simulation studies.	pralidoxime	25-78	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	82-85
29023426-2	2017	The nerve agent antidote 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium chloride (2-PAM or pralidoxime) was effectively encapsulated into the pores of MIL-125-NH2 as a result of the interactions between 2-PAM and the pore walls being mediated by pi-stacking and hydrogen bonds, as deduced from infrared spectroscopy and Monte Carlo simulation studies.	pralidoxime	25-78	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	203-206
29023426-2	2017	The nerve agent antidote 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium chloride (2-PAM or pralidoxime) was effectively encapsulated into the pores of MIL-125-NH2 as a result of the interactions between 2-PAM and the pore walls being mediated by pi-stacking and hydrogen bonds, as deduced from infrared spectroscopy and Monte Carlo simulation studies.	pralidoxime	89-100	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	203-206
29091431-8	2017	One of the reactivators showed improved in vivo efficacy compared to the current antidote pralidoxime (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	90-101	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	105-108
28734368-1	2017	An electrochemical method based on non-enzymatic inhibition for the determination of organophosphorus pesticide (OPPs) using pralidoxime chloride (PAM-Cl) as a universal electrochemical probe was reported.	pralidoxime	125-145	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	147-150
27396356-1	2016	BACKGROUND: Current therapies for organophosphate poisoning involve administration of oximes, such as pralidoxime (2-PAM), that reactivate the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	102-113	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Canis lupus familiaris	117-120
28106328-5	2017	QM/MM simulations of VX-inhibited AChE reactivation by pralidoxime (2-PAM), a classical reactivator, were performed.	pralidoxime	55-66	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	34-38
28106328-5	2017	QM/MM simulations of VX-inhibited AChE reactivation by pralidoxime (2-PAM), a classical reactivator, were performed.	pralidoxime	68-73	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	34-38
26962110-5	2017	AChE reactivation efficacy of HNK series and pralidoxime (2-PAM) were determined by plotting shift of log IC50 doses.	pralidoxime	45-56	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	60-63
27551891-7	2016	All ChE-1 adducts undergo rapid and near complete restoration of enzyme activity following addition of 2-PAM (30 min), and no aging was observed for either reactivation process.	pralidoxime	103-108	apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor	Homo sapiens	4-9
29062551-2	2017	Oximes, especially pralidoxime (2-PAM), are widely used as antidotes to treat OP poisoning.	pralidoxime	19-30	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	34-37
28499841-4	2017	COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: We examined the effects of animal posture, intranasal application method and animal weight and age on the delivery of radiolabeled pralidoxime (3H-2-PAM) to the brain of rats.	pralidoxime	165-176	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	183-186
28504886-2	2017	Encapsulation of the acetylcholinesterase reactivator, pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM), in SLNs appears to be a suitable strategy for protection against poisoning by organophosphorus agents (OPs) and postexposure treatment.	pralidoxime	55-75	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
28849997-9	2017	Pralidoxime (PRAL) (600 microM), a classical AChE reactivator, significantly protected against MAL-induced AChE blockade; however, PRAL did not affect MAL-mediated fall in cellular viability, indicating that AChE inhibition is not necessarily correlated with insecticide-induced decrease in cell survival.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	45-49
28849997-9	2017	Pralidoxime (PRAL) (600 microM), a classical AChE reactivator, significantly protected against MAL-induced AChE blockade; however, PRAL did not affect MAL-mediated fall in cellular viability, indicating that AChE inhibition is not necessarily correlated with insecticide-induced decrease in cell survival.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	107-111
28849997-9	2017	Pralidoxime (PRAL) (600 microM), a classical AChE reactivator, significantly protected against MAL-induced AChE blockade; however, PRAL did not affect MAL-mediated fall in cellular viability, indicating that AChE inhibition is not necessarily correlated with insecticide-induced decrease in cell survival.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	107-111
26558640-1	2016	Analogs of pralidoxime, which is a commercial antidote for intoxication from neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds, were designed, synthesized, characterized, and tested as potential inhibitors or reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using the Ellman"s test, nuclear magnetic resonance, and molecular modeling.	pralidoxime	11-22	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	213-233
26558640-1	2016	Analogs of pralidoxime, which is a commercial antidote for intoxication from neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds, were designed, synthesized, characterized, and tested as potential inhibitors or reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using the Ellman"s test, nuclear magnetic resonance, and molecular modeling.	pralidoxime	11-22	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	235-239
27062893-1	2016	Currently fielded treatments for nerve agent intoxication include atropine, an acetylcholine receptor antagonist, and pralidoxime (2PAM), a small molecule reactivator of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).	pralidoxime	118-129	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	170-190
27062893-1	2016	Currently fielded treatments for nerve agent intoxication include atropine, an acetylcholine receptor antagonist, and pralidoxime (2PAM), a small molecule reactivator of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).	pralidoxime	118-129	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	192-196
27396356-1	2016	BACKGROUND: Current therapies for organophosphate poisoning involve administration of oximes, such as pralidoxime (2-PAM), that reactivate the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	102-113	acetylcholinesterase	Canis lupus familiaris	150-170
27102179-3	2016	As such, it is logical to assume that the currently accepted therapies for organophosphate poisoning (muscarinic antagonist atropine and the oxime acetylcholinesterase reactivator pralidoxime chloride [2-PAM Cl]) could afford therapeutic protection.	pralidoxime	180-200	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	147-167
27179675-7	2016	Based on the full information provided by this method, the efficacy of reactivators, such as HI-6, obidoxime and pralidoxime, in the typical treatment of NAs poisoned AChE in in vitro was further evaluated.	pralidoxime	113-124	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	167-171
27158860-3	2016	We compared the pharmacokinetics of IM and IO administration of pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM Cl) during normovolemia and hypovolemia, as well as their combined administration during normovolemia in swine.	pralidoxime	64-84	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Sus scrofa	88-91
27102179-3	2016	As such, it is logical to assume that the currently accepted therapies for organophosphate poisoning (muscarinic antagonist atropine and the oxime acetylcholinesterase reactivator pralidoxime chloride [2-PAM Cl]) could afford therapeutic protection.	pralidoxime	180-200	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	204-207
25346249-8	2014	Shift of DFP induced brain AChE IC50 curves to right was observed at 0.20 LD50 treatment dose of oximes with respect to 2-PAM.	pralidoxime	120-125	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	27-31
26165232-9	2015	Lastly, in addition to inhibition, AChE reactivation was measured in SH-SY5Y cells incubated with pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	98-118	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	35-39
26165232-9	2015	Lastly, in addition to inhibition, AChE reactivation was measured in SH-SY5Y cells incubated with pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	98-118	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	122-125
25712411-4	2015	Twenty four hours after administration of pralidoxime, RBC AChE activities had increased in patients in the dichlorvos and EPN groups, while RBC AChE activities had slightly decreased in the fenitrothion group.	pralidoxime	42-53	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	59-63
25712411-4	2015	Twenty four hours after administration of pralidoxime, RBC AChE activities had increased in patients in the dichlorvos and EPN groups, while RBC AChE activities had slightly decreased in the fenitrothion group.	pralidoxime	42-53	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	145-149
26210933-1	2016	The limited effectiveness of the established oximes obidoxime and pralidoxime resulted in ongoing research on novel oximes for the reactivation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by organophosphorus compounds (OP).	pralidoxime	66-77	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	169-173
25045830-10	2014	Finally, VX-induced caspase-3 or -9 activities were reduced with the addition of pralidoxime (2-PAM), one of the current therapeutics used against NA toxicity, and dizocilpine (MK-801).	pralidoxime	81-92	caspase 3	Mus musculus	20-29
25672327-0	2014	Regional preparedness for mass acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning through plans for stockpiling and interhospital sharing of pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	131-142	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	31-51
25672327-2	2014	Little attention has been paid to how well regional preparedness efforts specifically affect availability of pralidoxime (2-PAM) if it were needed to treat a mass poisoning with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (organophosphorus pesticides or nerve agents).	pralidoxime	109-120	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	124-127
25672327-2	2014	Little attention has been paid to how well regional preparedness efforts specifically affect availability of pralidoxime (2-PAM) if it were needed to treat a mass poisoning with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (organophosphorus pesticides or nerve agents).	pralidoxime	109-120	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	178-198
25045830-10	2014	Finally, VX-induced caspase-3 or -9 activities were reduced with the addition of pralidoxime (2-PAM), one of the current therapeutics used against NA toxicity, and dizocilpine (MK-801).	pralidoxime	81-92	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	96-99
23527625-1	2014	The present work describes a simple integrated Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics method developed to study the reactivation steps by pralidoxime (2-PAM) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by the neurotoxic agent Tabun.	pralidoxime	137-148	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	152-155
23527625-1	2014	The present work describes a simple integrated Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics method developed to study the reactivation steps by pralidoxime (2-PAM) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by the neurotoxic agent Tabun.	pralidoxime	137-148	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	160-180
23527625-1	2014	The present work describes a simple integrated Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics method developed to study the reactivation steps by pralidoxime (2-PAM) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by the neurotoxic agent Tabun.	pralidoxime	137-148	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	182-186
23735753-9	2013	On the other hand pralidoxime, an oxime, reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) after organophosphate poisoning, induced population spike recovery after DFP exposure in the presence of bradykinin and Lys-des-Arg(9)-bradykinin.	pralidoxime	18-29	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	76-80
23962483-5	2013	It became evident that pralidoxime and obidoxime in therapeutic concentrations aggravate the inhibition of AChE by carbaryl and propoxur, with obidoxime being substantially more potent compared to 2-PAM.	pralidoxime	23-34	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	107-111
24157926-2	2013	Standard treatment by administration of atropine and oximes, e.g., obidoxime or pralidoxime, focuses on antagonism of mAChRs and reactivation of AChE, whereas nicotinic malfunction is not directly treated.	pralidoxime	80-91	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	145-149
23735753-9	2013	On the other hand pralidoxime, an oxime, reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) after organophosphate poisoning, induced population spike recovery after DFP exposure in the presence of bradykinin and Lys-des-Arg(9)-bradykinin.	pralidoxime	18-29	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	187-197
23735753-9	2013	On the other hand pralidoxime, an oxime, reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) after organophosphate poisoning, induced population spike recovery after DFP exposure in the presence of bradykinin and Lys-des-Arg(9)-bradykinin.	pralidoxime	18-29	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	217-227
23220589-6	2013	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of some ChE reactivators against OPC intoxication (tabun, paraoxon and dichlorvos) in in vitro experiments and to compare their activity to that known for some currently used oximes (obidoxime, HI-6, 2-PAM).	pralidoxime	258-263	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	66-69
23789829-6	2013	Furthermore, from virtual screening of two commercial databases, Maybridge and ChemNavigator using map-fitting of the model led us to identify two new non-oxime compounds showing reactivation efficacy within 10-fold range of 2-PAM for DFP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	225-230	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	249-253
23656164-7	2013	By applying this Dual-Mode IMA approach, 2-PAM was observed to be more potent than obidoxime in reactivating VX-adducted BuChE.	pralidoxime	41-46	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	121-126
22125290-0	2012	Preparing for chemical terrorism: a study of the stability of expired pralidoxime (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	70-81	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	85-88
22360473-7	2012	The current treatment for OPNA poisoning combines an antimuscarinic drug (e.g., atropine), an anticonvulsant drug (e.g., diazepam), and an AChE reactivator of the pyridinium aldoxime family (pralidoxime, trimedoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, HLo-7).	pralidoxime	191-202	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	139-143
23461011-3	2013	Acetylcholinesterase reactivation peak (5-mins long) was found to take place upon introduction of dipyroxime (32.5%), pralidoxime (18%), carboxyme (16%) at a concentration of 2.5 x 10(-4) mol/l or toxogonine (26%) at a concentration of 5 x 10(-4) mol/l.	pralidoxime	118-129	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-20
23061091-6	2012	The analytical performance of the modified electrode was evaluated, and a linear anodic stripping response for pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 muM with a detection limit of 1.61 x 10(-7) M was obtained.	pralidoxime	111-144	latexin	Homo sapiens	185-188
21953823-0	2012	Review of UV spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrophoretic methods for the cholinesterase reactivating antidote pralidoxime (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	118-129	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	81-95
21953823-0	2012	Review of UV spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrophoretic methods for the cholinesterase reactivating antidote pralidoxime (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	118-129	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	133-136
22125290-1	2012	OBJECTIVES: Oximes such as pralidoxime (2-PAM) are essential antidotes for life-threatening organophosphate poisoning.	pralidoxime	27-38	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	42-45
21953823-1	2012	Pralidoxime (2-PAM) belongs to the class of monopyridinium oximes with reactivating potency on cholinesterases inhibited by phosphylating organophosphorus compounds (OPC), for example, pesticides and nerve agents.	pralidoxime	0-11	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	15-18
23277710-0	2012	Regeneration of Red Cell Cholinesterase Activity Following Pralidoxime (2-PAM) Infusion in First 24 h in Organophosphate Poisoned Patients.	pralidoxime	59-70	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	25-39
22102522-0	2012	Quantification of pralidoxime (2-PAM) in urine by ion pair chromatography-diode array detection: application to in vivo samples from minipig.	pralidoxime	18-29	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	33-36
22102522-1	2012	Pralidoxime (2-PAM) is a monopyridinium oxime used as an antidote for the treatment of poisoning with organophosphorus (OP) compounds, for example, pesticides and nerve agents, reactivating OP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	0-11	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	15-18
22783142-7	2012	Curcumin when co-supplemented with 2-PAMCl + atropine also significantly protected serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and restored brain AChE activity and 5-HT level in animals sub-chronically exposed to DDVP.	pralidoxime	35-42	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	89-115
22783142-7	2012	Curcumin when co-supplemented with 2-PAMCl + atropine also significantly protected serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and restored brain AChE activity and 5-HT level in animals sub-chronically exposed to DDVP.	pralidoxime	35-42	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	117-120
22783142-7	2012	Curcumin when co-supplemented with 2-PAMCl + atropine also significantly protected serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and restored brain AChE activity and 5-HT level in animals sub-chronically exposed to DDVP.	pralidoxime	35-42	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	141-145
23277710-0	2012	Regeneration of Red Cell Cholinesterase Activity Following Pralidoxime (2-PAM) Infusion in First 24 h in Organophosphate Poisoned Patients.	pralidoxime	59-70	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	74-77
23277710-3	2012	The study was carried out to find effectiveness of pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) in regenerating red cell acetyl cholinesterase in first 24 h following administration of it in dose recommended by WHO.	pralidoxime	51-71	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	75-78
23277710-3	2012	The study was carried out to find effectiveness of pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) in regenerating red cell acetyl cholinesterase in first 24 h following administration of it in dose recommended by WHO.	pralidoxime	51-71	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	112-126
21704135-4	2011	Treatment of VR exposed animals (5 x LD50) with pralidoxime (2PAM) very poorly regenerated inhibited blood cholinesterase activity, but was partially effective in preventing signs of OP poisoning and increasing survival.	pralidoxime	48-59	cholinesterase	Sus scrofa	107-121
21989207-1	2011	AIMS: Due to pralidoxime chloride"s (2-PAM) positive charge, it"s penetration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) and reactivation of organophosphate (OP) inhibited central nervous system (CNS) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is poor.	pralidoxime	13-33	peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Cavia porcellus	39-42
21989207-1	2011	AIMS: Due to pralidoxime chloride"s (2-PAM) positive charge, it"s penetration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) and reactivation of organophosphate (OP) inhibited central nervous system (CNS) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is poor.	pralidoxime	13-33	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	196-216
21989207-1	2011	AIMS: Due to pralidoxime chloride"s (2-PAM) positive charge, it"s penetration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) and reactivation of organophosphate (OP) inhibited central nervous system (CNS) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is poor.	pralidoxime	13-33	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	218-222
21569834-8	2011	Pralidoxime partially regenerated AChE activity and protected against POX inhibition of PSs.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	34-38
21723318-0	2011	Effects of K074 and pralidoxime on antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase response in malathion-poisoned mice.	pralidoxime	20-31	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	51-71
21723318-3	2011	In the present study, we investigated the potency of pralidoxime and K074 in reactivating AChE after acute exposure to malathion, as well as in preventing malathion-induced changes in oxidative-stress related parameters in mice.	pralidoxime	53-64	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	90-94
21723318-5	2011	Oxime treatments (1/4 of LD(50), i.m., 6h after malathion poisoning) showed that pralidoxime significantly reversed malathion-induced blood AChE inhibition, although no significant effects were observed after K074 treatment.	pralidoxime	81-92	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	140-144
21723318-10	2011	However, only pralidoxime significantly reversed the blood AChE inhibition induced by malathion poisoning.	pralidoxime	14-25	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	59-63
21983245-8	2011	However, both newly developed oximes achieved similar reactivations rates that pralidoxime for chlorpyrifos and diazinon-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	79-90	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	131-135
21524678-1	2011	The oximes pralidoxime (2-PAM), its dimethanesulphonate salt derivative P2S, and obidoxime (toxogonin) are currently licensed and fielded for the treatment of chemical warfare (CW) organophosphorous (OP) nerve agent poisoning.	pralidoxime	11-22	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	26-29
21195145-4	2011	Oxime-type AChE reactivators pralidoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime and HI-6 were tested for their potential to affect the activity of monoamine oxidase of type A (MAO-A) and type B (MAO-B) in crude mitochondrial fraction of pig brains.	pralidoxime	29-40	acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)	Sus scrofa	11-15
21242797-10	2011	Pretreatment with tetraethylammonium (75 mg/kg) in rats or deficiencies in organic cation transporters 1 and 2 in mice (Oct1/2-/-) resulted in a significant increase in plasma pralidoxime concentrations.	pralidoxime	176-187	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-110
21242797-10	2011	Pretreatment with tetraethylammonium (75 mg/kg) in rats or deficiencies in organic cation transporters 1 and 2 in mice (Oct1/2-/-) resulted in a significant increase in plasma pralidoxime concentrations.	pralidoxime	176-187	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	120-130
21242797-13	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Pralidoxime is secreted in rats and mice by renal Oct1 and/or Oct2 but not by Oct3.	pralidoxime	13-24	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	63-67
21242797-13	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Pralidoxime is secreted in rats and mice by renal Oct1 and/or Oct2 but not by Oct3.	pralidoxime	13-24	POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 2	Mus musculus	75-79
20027669-5	2011	Commercial AChE reactivators (e.g. pralidoxime, HI-6, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime) were originally developed for other members of the organophosphate family, such as nerve agents (e.g. sarin, soman, tabun, VX).	pralidoxime	35-46	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	11-15
20027669-6	2011	Pralidoxime, HI-6, and methoxime were found to be weak reactivators of OPP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	85-89
21195145-5	2011	The compounds were found to inhibit fully MAO-A with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 0.375 mmol/l (pralidoxime), 1.53 mmol/l (HI-6), 2.31 mmol/l (methoxime), 2.42 mmol/l (obidoxime) and 4.98 mmol/l (trimedoxime).	pralidoxime	117-128	monoamine oxidase A	Sus scrofa	42-47
21195145-6	2011	Activity of MAO-B was fully inhibited by HI-6 and pralidoxime only with IC(50) 4.81 mmol/l and 11.01 mmol/l, respectively.	pralidoxime	50-61	monoamine oxidase B	Sus scrofa	12-17
21195145-4	2011	Oxime-type AChE reactivators pralidoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime and HI-6 were tested for their potential to affect the activity of monoamine oxidase of type A (MAO-A) and type B (MAO-B) in crude mitochondrial fraction of pig brains.	pralidoxime	29-40	monoamine oxidase A	Sus scrofa	143-170
20655881-6	2010	A homology model for wild-type Bo AChE was built using the recently published crystal structure of human AChE and used to generate models of 2-PAM and HI-6 bound to the active-sites of GF- and VR-inhibited Bo AChEs before nucleophilic attack.	pralidoxime	141-146	acetylcholinesterase	Bos taurus	34-38
21673941-1	2011	We have in vitro tested the ability of common, commercially available, cholinesterase reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime, methoxime, trimedoxime and HI-6) to reactivate human acetylcholinesterase (AChE), inhibited by five structurally different organophosphate pesticides and inhibitors (paraoxon, dichlorvos, DFP, leptophos-oxon and methamidophos).	pralidoxime	100-111	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	71-85
21673941-1	2011	We have in vitro tested the ability of common, commercially available, cholinesterase reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime, methoxime, trimedoxime and HI-6) to reactivate human acetylcholinesterase (AChE), inhibited by five structurally different organophosphate pesticides and inhibitors (paraoxon, dichlorvos, DFP, leptophos-oxon and methamidophos).	pralidoxime	100-111	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	177-197
20655881-6	2010	A homology model for wild-type Bo AChE was built using the recently published crystal structure of human AChE and used to generate models of 2-PAM and HI-6 bound to the active-sites of GF- and VR-inhibited Bo AChEs before nucleophilic attack.	pralidoxime	141-146	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	105-109
20655881-7	2010	Results revealed that the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE as a whole plays a critical role in the reactivation of nerve agent-inhibited AChE by all 4 bis-pyridinium oximes examined, but not by the mono-pyridinium oxime 2-PAM.	pralidoxime	225-230	acetylcholinesterase	Bos taurus	59-63
20655881-7	2010	Results revealed that the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE as a whole plays a critical role in the reactivation of nerve agent-inhibited AChE by all 4 bis-pyridinium oximes examined, but not by the mono-pyridinium oxime 2-PAM.	pralidoxime	225-230	acetylcholinesterase	Bos taurus	142-146
22049895-7	2010	Only 33% cases with pseudocholinesterase level less than 10% were treated with pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	79-90	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	20-40
20156430-2	2010	Standard OP exposure therapy in the United States consists of atropine sulfate (to block muscarinic receptors), the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator (oxime) pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM), and a benzodiazepine anticonvulsant to ameliorate seizures.	pralidoxime	164-184	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	138-142
19680820-1	2010	The capability of the tertiary oximes, monoisonitrosoacetone (MINA) and diacetylmonoxime (DAM), to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by sarin (GB) in the blood, brain, and peripheral tissues of guinea pigs was compared with that of the quaternary oximes 2-PAM, HLo7, and MMB-4.	pralidoxime	269-274	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	110-130
20385200-2	2010	To alleviate peripheral respiratory failure oximes, e.g. obidoxime and pralidoxime, are used to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with the intention to restore the disturbed neuromuscular function.	pralidoxime	71-82	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	117-137
20385200-2	2010	To alleviate peripheral respiratory failure oximes, e.g. obidoxime and pralidoxime, are used to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with the intention to restore the disturbed neuromuscular function.	pralidoxime	71-82	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	139-143
21180265-11	2010	At a higher dose (10(-3) M), pralidoxime reactivated AChE inhibited by paraoxon, chlorpyrifos, Russian VX, VX and sarin.	pralidoxime	29-40	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
21180265-12	2010	CONCLUSION: From the obtained results, it is clear that pralidoxime seems to be a poor reactivator of AChE inhibited by organophosphorous AChE inhibitors and thus cannot be labeled as a universal reactivator (Tab.	pralidoxime	56-67	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	102-106
21180265-12	2010	CONCLUSION: From the obtained results, it is clear that pralidoxime seems to be a poor reactivator of AChE inhibited by organophosphorous AChE inhibitors and thus cannot be labeled as a universal reactivator (Tab.	pralidoxime	56-67	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	138-142
20227398-1	2010	The US Army utilizes pralidoxime (2-PAM) for the reactivation of OP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	21-32	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	36-39
20227398-1	2010	The US Army utilizes pralidoxime (2-PAM) for the reactivation of OP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	21-32	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	78-82
20406208-2	2010	Human malathion poisoning has been treated with oximes (mainly pralidoxime) in an attempt to reactivate OP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE).	pralidoxime	63-74	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	117-137
20406208-2	2010	Human malathion poisoning has been treated with oximes (mainly pralidoxime) in an attempt to reactivate OP-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE).	pralidoxime	63-74	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	139-143
20370537-1	2010	Reactivation efficacy of three homologous and three isomeric series of pralidoxime-type reactivators with aldoxime group in position 2, 3 and 4 of the heterocycle was tested in reactivation of tabun-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	71-82	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	209-213
19680820-1	2010	The capability of the tertiary oximes, monoisonitrosoacetone (MINA) and diacetylmonoxime (DAM), to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by sarin (GB) in the blood, brain, and peripheral tissues of guinea pigs was compared with that of the quaternary oximes 2-PAM, HLo7, and MMB-4.	pralidoxime	269-274	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	132-136
19642642-3	2009	The nonaged form can be reactivated to a certain extent by nucleophiles, such as pralidoxime (2-PAM), whereas aged forms of OP-inhibited AChEs are totally resistant to reactivation.	pralidoxime	81-92	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	96-99
19763542-1	2009	Methoxime (MMB-4) is a leading candidate oxime acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator to replace pralidoxime (2-PAM) for therapeutic treatment of nerve agent intoxication.	pralidoxime	98-109	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	47-67
19763542-1	2009	Methoxime (MMB-4) is a leading candidate oxime acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator to replace pralidoxime (2-PAM) for therapeutic treatment of nerve agent intoxication.	pralidoxime	98-109	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	69-73
19763542-1	2009	Methoxime (MMB-4) is a leading candidate oxime acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator to replace pralidoxime (2-PAM) for therapeutic treatment of nerve agent intoxication.	pralidoxime	111-116	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	47-67
19763542-1	2009	Methoxime (MMB-4) is a leading candidate oxime acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator to replace pralidoxime (2-PAM) for therapeutic treatment of nerve agent intoxication.	pralidoxime	111-116	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	69-73
19778238-3	2009	Oximes such as 2-PAM are used to reactivate OP-inhibited AChE so as to restore normal enzymatic function and serve as a true antidote.	pralidoxime	15-20	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	57-61
19839597-4	2009	This manuscript describes an alternative strategy where reactivation of the phosphorylated enzyme was exploited to enable measurement of both inhibited and baseline ChE activity (after reactivation by an oxime, i.e., pralidoxime iodide) in the same sample.	pralidoxime	217-235	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	165-168
19651196-9	2009	Presently, a combination of an antimuscarinic agent, e.g. atropine, AChE reactivator such as one of the recommended pyridinium oximes (pralidoxime, trimedoxime, obidoxime and HI-6) and diazepam are used for the treatment of OP poisoning in humans.	pralidoxime	135-146	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	68-72
19433070-11	2009	The effectiveness of pralidoxime in reactivating the inhibited acetylcholinesterase is strongly dependent on the CPO concentration.	pralidoxime	21-32	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	63-83
19603416-4	2009	The intrinsic AChE inhibitory activity of oximes, as reflected by their in vitro IC(50), is strongly correlated with their LD(50) (rat): oximes with a high IC(50) (K-27, K-48, pralidoxime and obidoxime) also show a high LD(50) and are thus relatively non-toxic, whereas oximes K-105, K-108 and K-113 have a low IC(50), a low LD(50) and are far more toxic.	pralidoxime	176-187	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
19526299-10	2009	Our data show that K-27, K-48, K-53, K-74, and K-75, due to their far superior in vivo efficacy, are the most promising candidates to eventually replace the established oximes 2-PAM and obidoxime.	pralidoxime	176-181	keratin 27	Homo sapiens	19-23
19526299-10	2009	Our data show that K-27, K-48, K-53, K-74, and K-75, due to their far superior in vivo efficacy, are the most promising candidates to eventually replace the established oximes 2-PAM and obidoxime.	pralidoxime	176-181	keratin 74	Homo sapiens	37-41
19526299-10	2009	Our data show that K-27, K-48, K-53, K-74, and K-75, due to their far superior in vivo efficacy, are the most promising candidates to eventually replace the established oximes 2-PAM and obidoxime.	pralidoxime	176-181	keratin 75	Homo sapiens	47-51
18457881-1	2008	The therapeutic results of systemic administration of pralidoxime (2-PAM) in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphate-type cholinesterase inhibitors are disappointing.	pralidoxime	54-65	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
19564902-8	2009	Pralidoxime produced substantial and moderate red cell acetylcholinesterase reactivation in patients poisoned by diethyl and dimethyl compounds, respectively.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	55-75
19564902-10	2009	Incorporating the baseline amount of acetylcholinesterase already aged and plasma OP concentration into the analysis increased the HR for patients receiving pralidoxime compared to placebo, further decreasing the likelihood that pralidoxime is beneficial.	pralidoxime	157-168	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	37-57
19564902-10	2009	Incorporating the baseline amount of acetylcholinesterase already aged and plasma OP concentration into the analysis increased the HR for patients receiving pralidoxime compared to placebo, further decreasing the likelihood that pralidoxime is beneficial.	pralidoxime	229-240	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	37-57
18675298-5	2008	The results concerning the AChE inhibition by methyl-paraoxon and the subsequent reactivation by pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) are presented and discussed.	pralidoxime	97-130	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	27-31
18675298-5	2008	The results concerning the AChE inhibition by methyl-paraoxon and the subsequent reactivation by pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) are presented and discussed.	pralidoxime	97-130	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	134-137
18676153-2	2008	Eighteen monoquaternary reactivators of acetylcholinesterase with modified side chain were developed in an effort to extend the properties of pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	142-153	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	40-60
18617161-5	2008	In this study, we have tested potency of selected cholinesterase reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime and H-oxime HI-6) to reactivate human erythrocyte AChE and human plasma BuChE inhibited by pesticide paraoxon.	pralidoxime	79-90	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	176-180
18161504-4	2008	According to the obtained results, only five reactivators were able to satisfactorily renew cholinesterase potency (pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, 4-PAM, and K119).	pralidoxime	116-127	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	92-106
17897769-9	2007	Since DIM-poisoned patients poorly responded to pralidoxime, the possibility to use CYP3A4 inhibitors could be considered as a complementary treatment.	pralidoxime	48-59	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	84-90
17869525-3	2007	Except in the case of DFP-inhibited HF AChE test of 2-PAM, the activities of 6a are much higher than the activities of 2-PAM and HI-6 which are AChE reactivators currently in use.	pralidoxime	119-124	acetylcholinesterase	Bos taurus	144-148
18070496-3	2007	The levels of erythrocyte AChE and the therapeutic efficacies of pralidoxime chloride (PAM-Cl) were compared among the three groups.	pralidoxime	65-85	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	87-90
17590326-6	2007	Ninety-five percent reactivation of the inhibited AChE could be regenerated using pralidoxime iodide within 8 min.	pralidoxime	82-100	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	50-54
17304644-1	2007	There is a clear need for broad-spectrum cholinesterase reactivators (active against a multitude of organophosphorus ester enzyme inhibitors) with a higher efficacy than pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	170-181	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	41-55
16904807-2	2007	Standard treatment with atropine and the established acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators, obidoxime and pralidoxime, is considered to be ineffective with certain nerve agents due to low oxime effectiveness.	pralidoxime	109-120	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	53-73
17265425-4	2007	The effect of the organophosphate paraoxon (POX) on pralidoxime (2-PAM) brain entry was therefore determined.	pralidoxime	52-63	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
17503257-3	2007	In this article, we compared the reactivation potency of five structurally different AChE reactivators (pralidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime, HS-6, and BI-6) to reactivate cyclosarin-inhibited cholinesterases of human brain.	pralidoxime	104-115	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	85-89
16904807-2	2007	Standard treatment with atropine and the established acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators, obidoxime and pralidoxime, is considered to be ineffective with certain nerve agents due to low oxime effectiveness.	pralidoxime	109-120	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	75-79
17113251-0	2006	The liberation of thiocholine from acetylthiocholine (ASCh) by pralidoxime iodide (2=PAM) and other oximes (obidoxime and diacetylmonoxime).	pralidoxime	63-81	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	85-88
17265452-15	2007	The ranking of reactivator potencies of the examined oximes determined with methyl-POX as an inhibitor (K-27 = K-48 > K-33 > pralidoxime > methoxime) is similar to the ranking previously reported by us using POX as an inhibitor (K-27 > or = K-48 > K-33 > methoxime = pralidoxime).	pralidoxime	131-142	keratin 27	Homo sapiens	104-108
17370870-2	2007	Concerns have been expressed over the safety and efficacy of the use of oximes such as pralidoxime (2-PAM) in patients with carbamate poisoning in general, and more so with carbaryl poisoning specifically.	pralidoxime	87-98	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	102-105
18254274-5	2007	In this study, five commonly used AChE reactivators (pralidoxime, methoxime, HI-6, obidoxime, trimedoxime) for the reactivation of AChE inhibited by two pesticides (chlorpyrifos and methylchlorpyrifos) were used.	pralidoxime	53-64	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	34-38
18254274-5	2007	In this study, five commonly used AChE reactivators (pralidoxime, methoxime, HI-6, obidoxime, trimedoxime) for the reactivation of AChE inhibited by two pesticides (chlorpyrifos and methylchlorpyrifos) were used.	pralidoxime	53-64	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	131-135
20020943-3	2007	Pralidoxime (2-PAM) was also retested.	pralidoxime	0-11	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
17096373-5	2007	Patient"s acetylcholinesterase (ACE) level was 3,319 IU/L in presentation and pralidoxim use was seen unnecessary for the treatment.	pralidoxime	78-88	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	10-30
15904945-2	2005	Standard treatment with atropine and the established acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators, obidoxime and pralidoxime, is considered to be ineffective with certain nerve agents due to low oxime effectiveness.	pralidoxime	109-120	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	53-73
16971069-0	2006	Hydrolysis of an acetylthiocholine by pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	38-56	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	60-63
16971069-1	2006	Pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM), an antidote approved for the reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in organophosphate poisoning, dose-dependently hydrolyzed an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh).	pralidoxime	0-18	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	22-25
16971069-1	2006	Pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM), an antidote approved for the reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in organophosphate poisoning, dose-dependently hydrolyzed an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh).	pralidoxime	0-18	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	83-103
16971069-1	2006	Pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM), an antidote approved for the reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in organophosphate poisoning, dose-dependently hydrolyzed an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh).	pralidoxime	0-18	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	105-109
16293236-1	2005	Current antidotes for organophosphorus compounds (OP) poisoning consist of a combination of pretreatment with carbamates (pyridostigmine bromide), to protect acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from irreversible inhibition by OP compounds, and post-exposure therapy with anti-cholinergic drugs (atropine sulfate) to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and oximes (e.g., 2-PAM chloride) to reactivate OP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	373-387	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	180-184
17265677-1	2006	This paper describes an in vitro study of three potential acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) reactivators derived from a monoquaternary reactivator pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	153-164	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	58-78
17265677-1	2006	This paper describes an in vitro study of three potential acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) reactivators derived from a monoquaternary reactivator pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	153-164	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
16266695-2	2005	Two oximes, obidoxime and pralidoxime (2-PAM), are presently commercially available, yet, these compounds are considered to be of insufficient efficacy against certain nerve agents, e.g. soman and cyclosarin.	pralidoxime	26-37	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	41-44
15904945-2	2005	Standard treatment with atropine and the established acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators, obidoxime and pralidoxime, is considered to be ineffective with certain nerve agents due to low oxime effectiveness.	pralidoxime	109-120	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	75-79
16025528-1	2005	In our study, we have tested six acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, trimedoxime, BI-6 and Hlo-7) for reactivation of sarin- and cyclosarin-inhibited AChE using an in vitro reactivation test.	pralidoxime	75-86	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
16429518-1	2005	The aim of this work was the comparison of reactivation potency of four oxime acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators (pralidoxime, HI-6, K027 and K033) on three resources of the enzyme (human, pig and rat brain homogenate) inhibited by nerve agent sarin.	pralidoxime	120-131	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	78-98
16429518-1	2005	The aim of this work was the comparison of reactivation potency of four oxime acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators (pralidoxime, HI-6, K027 and K033) on three resources of the enzyme (human, pig and rat brain homogenate) inhibited by nerve agent sarin.	pralidoxime	120-131	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	100-104
16157515-4	2005	The method was linear between 0.125 and 2 mg mL-1 of pralidoxime (quantification limit: 0.10 mg mL-1).	pralidoxime	53-64	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	45-49
16157515-4	2005	The method was linear between 0.125 and 2 mg mL-1 of pralidoxime (quantification limit: 0.10 mg mL-1).	pralidoxime	53-64	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	96-100
16393932-2	2005	Nerve agent poisoning is conventionally treated using a combination of a cholinolytic (atropine mostly) to counteract the accumulation of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase reactivators (pralidoxime or obidoxime) to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	191-202	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	156-176
16124202-3	2005	AChE reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime and HI-6) as causal antidotes are used for the cleavage of the bond between the enzyme and nerve agent.	pralidoxime	19-30	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-4
16243090-9	2005	Acetylcholinesterase inhibited by fenthion or dimethoate responded poorly to pralidoxime treatment compared with chlorpyrifos-inhibited acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	77-88	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-20
16119192-3	2005	Therefore, to better evaluate the efficacy of various oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, K033) to reactivate brain acetylcholinesterase inhibited by sarin by in vitro methods, human, rat and pig brain acetylcholinesterase were used to calculate kinetic parameters for the reactivation.	pralidoxime	62-73	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	118-138
16119193-5	2005	Their cleaving potencies were compared with 4-PAM (4-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-methylpyridinium iodide), which is derived from the structure of the currently used AChE-reactivator 2-PAM (2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-methylpyridinium iodide).	pralidoxime	175-180	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	158-162
16259317-0	2005	A comparison of the potency of the oxime HLo-7 and currently used oximes (HI-6, pralidoxime, obidoxime) to reactivate nerve agent-inhibited rat brain acetylcholinesterase by in vitro methods.	pralidoxime	80-91	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	150-170
16124349-2	2005	METHODS: A study was done to see butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) profile after OP poisoning in pralidoxime (P2AM) and placebo treated cases.	pralidoxime	94-105	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	33-55
16124349-2	2005	METHODS: A study was done to see butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) profile after OP poisoning in pralidoxime (P2AM) and placebo treated cases.	pralidoxime	94-105	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	57-62
16259317-1	2005	(1) The efficacy of the oxime HLo7 and currently used oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6) to reactivate acetylcholinesterase inhibited by various nerve agents (sarin, tabun, cyclosarin, VX) was tested by in vitro methods.	pralidoxime	62-73	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	106-126
15551381-8	2004	Pralidoxime reacts with the substrate (acetyl- and butyrylthiocholine) used for enzyme activity determinations, producing a spurious signal implying cholinesterase activity (even in the absence of plasma and thus of any enzyme).	pralidoxime	0-11	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	149-163
15551381-9	2004	Cholinesterase activities determined photometrically after pralidoxime therapy can be erroneously high.	pralidoxime	59-70	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-14
14529460-3	2003	The main class, including pralidoxime (2-PAM), incorporates conjugated iminium and oxime moieties that are electron affinic.	pralidoxime	26-37	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	41-44
12938863-0	2003	Pralidoxime iodide (2-pAM) penetrates across the blood-brain barrier.	pralidoxime	0-18	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
12938863-1	2003	The in vivo rat brain microdialysis technique with HPLC/UV was used to determine the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration of pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM), which is a component of the current nerve agent antidote therapy.	pralidoxime	126-144	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	148-151
12107655-10	2002	However, the AChE reactivator pyridine-2-aldoxime (2-PAM) was given to hens before isofenphos and then every 8 h, whereas continuous 2-PAM infusion was provided to the patient.	pralidoxime	51-56	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Gallus gallus	13-17
12558160-8	2003	In vitro assays showed that 10(-4) M pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) reactivated dichlorvos- or paraoxon-inhibited BChE activity within a 60-min incubation period.	pralidoxime	37-70	cholinesterase	Serinus canaria	125-129
12558160-8	2003	In vitro assays showed that 10(-4) M pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) reactivated dichlorvos- or paraoxon-inhibited BChE activity within a 60-min incubation period.	pralidoxime	72-77	cholinesterase	Serinus canaria	125-129
12558160-9	2003	Almost all serum samples with depressed BChE activity that were collected from lizards from agricultural areas responded to 2-PAM reactivation of enzyme activity (8-60% increase in enzyme activity).	pralidoxime	124-129	cholinesterase	Serinus canaria	40-44
12558160-10	2003	Reactivation by treatment with 2-PAM confirmed that the depression of BChE activity was attributable to organophosphorus (OP) compounds.	pralidoxime	31-36	cholinesterase	Serinus canaria	70-74
12558160-11	2003	Evaluation of BChE activity levels and the chemical reactivation of serum BChE activity in G. galloti using 2-PAM was found to be a sensitive indicator of G. galloti exposure to OP compounds.	pralidoxime	108-113	cholinesterase	Serinus canaria	74-78
12583698-1	2003	Pralidoxime (2-PAM) hydrolyzes both acetylthiocholine and butytylthiocholine in an apparent first-order manner, with higher rates observed at pH 8.0 compared to those at pH 7.4.	pralidoxime	0-11	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	15-18
12583698-3	2003	This implies that, while pralidoxime acts to reverse intoxication by organophosphate compounds due to the otherwise irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, it does not also supplement this detoxification by hydrolysis of the enzyme"s substrate, acetylcholine.	pralidoxime	25-36	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	143-163
15181665-7	2003	In vitro studies with human erythrocyte AChE, which is derived from the same single gene as synaptic AChE, revealed marked differences in the potency and efficacy of pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI 6 and HLo 7, the latter two oximes being considered particularly effective in nerve agent poisoning.	pralidoxime	166-177	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	40-44
15181665-7	2003	In vitro studies with human erythrocyte AChE, which is derived from the same single gene as synaptic AChE, revealed marked differences in the potency and efficacy of pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI 6 and HLo 7, the latter two oximes being considered particularly effective in nerve agent poisoning.	pralidoxime	166-177	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	101-105
12239496-1	2002	STUDY OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the feasibility of discharging Mark 1 atropine and pralidoxime autoinjectors into small, sterile vials to facilitate the potential intramuscular injection of these antidotes, particularly pralidoxime, on a milligram per kilogram basis to small children.	pralidoxime	228-239	microtubule affinity regulating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	71-77
11339619-0	2001	Aggressive atropinisation and continuous pralidoxime (2-PAM) infusion in patients with severe organophosphate poisoning: experience of a northwest Indian hospital.	pralidoxime	41-52	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	56-59
11432431-1	2001	The plasma levels, disposition kinetics and a dosage regimen for pralidoxime (2-PAM) were investigated in male buffalo calves following single intramuscular administration (15 or 30 mg/kg).	pralidoxime	65-76	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Bos taurus	80-83
12046724-5	2002	Different concentrations of pralidoxime were added to the first patient"s poisoned serum in order to assess in vitro the effect of pralidoxime on cholinesterase reactivation.	pralidoxime	131-142	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	146-160
11393267-1	2001	The temporal profile of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and in vitro pralidoxime-reactivated BuChE was studied in a cohort of 25 organophosphate-poisoned patients to examine their relationship to the development of intermediate syndrome and to understand reasons for lack of efficacy of oxime treatment.	pralidoxime	67-78	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	91-96
11339619-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to find whether continuous pralidoxime (2-PAM) infusion along with aggressive atropinisation improves the outcome in patients with severe organophosphate poisoning who require assisted ventilation.	pralidoxime	63-74	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	78-81
10421446-2	1999	With DEPQ-inhibited wild-type mouse acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the reactivation kinetic profile demonstrated one-phase exponential association only when 2-[hydroxyimino methyl]-1-methylpyridinium chloride (2-PAM) and 1-(2-hydroxy-iminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(4-carboxy-aminopyridi nium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride (HI-6) were used as reactivators.	pralidoxime	155-206	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	36-56
11180275-0	2001	Pralidoxime and l-lactate effects in vitro on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by paraoxon: pralidoxime does not confer superior protection.	pralidoxime	0-11	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	64-84
11123973-5	2000	EEAChE inactivated by (1R,3R)-isomalathion reactivated spontaneously and in the presence of pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM) with k(3) values of 1.88 x 10(5) and 4.18 x 10(5) min(-)(1), respectively.	pralidoxime	92-122	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	126-129
11204553-7	2000	Samples from an occupational exposure where depressions in plasma or erythrocyte cholinesterase activity from baseline measurements were reactivated ex vivo using the oxime 2-PAM support this hypothesis.	pralidoxime	173-178	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	81-95
10681099-3	2000	Following insecticide exposure, an in vitro system compared the capability of the oximes pralidoxime (2-PAM), obidoxime, TMB-4, and HI-6 to reactivate the OP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	89-100	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Gallus gallus	104-107
10681099-3	2000	Following insecticide exposure, an in vitro system compared the capability of the oximes pralidoxime (2-PAM), obidoxime, TMB-4, and HI-6 to reactivate the OP-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	89-100	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Gallus gallus	168-172
10679638-7	2000	The inhibited enzyme is reactivated by 10 mM pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	45-75	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	79-82
10421446-2	1999	With DEPQ-inhibited wild-type mouse acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the reactivation kinetic profile demonstrated one-phase exponential association only when 2-[hydroxyimino methyl]-1-methylpyridinium chloride (2-PAM) and 1-(2-hydroxy-iminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(4-carboxy-aminopyridi nium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride (HI-6) were used as reactivators.	pralidoxime	155-206	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	58-62
7495383-4	1995	Pyridinium oximes pralidoxime, trimedoxime, obidoxime and HI-6 were effective reactivators of PSM-inhibited AChE, providing up to 75% reactivation.	pralidoxime	18-29	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Gallus gallus	108-112
9772214-3	1998	In vitro, 2-PAM protected 90% of AChE activity in the presence of paraoxon and reactivated more than 90% of inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	10-15	acetylcholinesterase	Apis mellifera	33-37
9772214-3	1998	In vitro, 2-PAM protected 90% of AChE activity in the presence of paraoxon and reactivated more than 90% of inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	10-15	acetylcholinesterase	Apis mellifera	118-122
9772214-9	1998	In vivo, administration of 2-PAM, after paraoxon exposure, induced a complete protection of AChE activity, but did not elicit any significant effect on mortality in paraoxon-treated bees.	pralidoxime	27-32	acetylcholinesterase	Apis mellifera	92-96
9587020-0	1998	Reactivating potency of obidoxime, pralidoxime, HI 6 and HLo 7 in human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibited by highly toxic organophosphorus compounds.	pralidoxime	35-46	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	84-104
9587020-6	1998	Isolated human erythrocyte AChE was inhibited with soman, sarin, cyclosarin, tabun or VX for 30 min and reactivated in the absence of inhibitory activity over 5-60 min by obidoxime, pralidoxime, HI 6 or HLo 7 (10 and 30 microM).	pralidoxime	182-193	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	27-31
9587020-10	1998	Obidoxime and pralidoxime were weak reactivators of cyclosarin-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	14-25	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	73-77
10207609-5	1999	Calculation of steady-state AChE activity in the presence of inhibitor and oxime revealed that obidoxime was superior to pralidoxime.	pralidoxime	121-132	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	28-32
9806430-4	1998	At oxime concentrations anticipated to be relevant in humans, obidoxime and pralidoxime were extremely weak reactivators of AChE.	pralidoxime	76-87	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	124-128
9772214-2	1998	The protective effect of the oxime 2-PAM against inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by paraoxon was estimated in vitro and in vivo and was correlated with the mortality of paraoxon-treated bees.	pralidoxime	35-40	acetylcholinesterase	Apis mellifera	63-83
9772214-2	1998	The protective effect of the oxime 2-PAM against inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by paraoxon was estimated in vitro and in vivo and was correlated with the mortality of paraoxon-treated bees.	pralidoxime	35-40	acetylcholinesterase	Apis mellifera	85-89
9397503-1	1997	The objective of this work was to determine optimal treatment regimens for organophosphate (OP) or carbamate insecticide toxicoses in fowl using the antidotes atropine sulfate and pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	180-200	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	204-207
7714747-2	1995	The anticholinergic drugs hexamethonium, trimethaphan, and hemocholinium and the triethylcholine and cholinesterase/reactivator 2-pyridine aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) have been shown to be effective in preventing intoxication by diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (also known as diisopropyl fluorophosphate, DFP) in vivo.	pralidoxime	128-161	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	101-115
7714747-7	1995	2-PAM, the cholinesterase reactivator, enhanced the cytotoxicity of DFP on cultured cells at a high concentration (1 mg/mL) and reduced it at a lower concentration (0.3 mg/mL).	pralidoxime	0-5	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	11-25
7897754-5	1995	Pralidoxime iodide administration temporarily restored erythrocyte cholinesterase activity to almost normal and inhibited the excessive, delayed reduction of cholinesterase activity.	pralidoxime	0-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	67-81
7897754-5	1995	Pralidoxime iodide administration temporarily restored erythrocyte cholinesterase activity to almost normal and inhibited the excessive, delayed reduction of cholinesterase activity.	pralidoxime	0-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	158-172
1472979-6	1992	Treatment with one dose of pralidoxime (2PAM) prevented the development of jitter if given less than 1 h after treatment with ecothiopate, a reactivatable inhibitor of cholinesterase.	pralidoxime	27-38	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	168-182
8134223-5	1994	(2) Laboratory study: The direct effect of obidoxime and of pralidoxime on acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro was investigated in normal human packed red blood cells pretreated with an organophosphate (paraoxon) or a carbamate (aldicarb or methomyl).	pralidoxime	60-71	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	75-95
1412499-5	1992	Based on 95% confidence limits the rank order of potentiation with eel AChE was TMB-4 = Toxogonin > HS-6 = HI-6 > 2-PAM Cl.	pralidoxime	120-128	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	71-75
8161944-10	1994	The present results also offer an explanation for another recent report, in which anomalous results were presented for decarbamylation of physostigmine-inhibited and carbaryl-inhibited erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase in the presence of 2-PAM or HI-6.	pralidoxime	237-242	acetylcholinesterase	Bos taurus	197-217
8503347-8	1993	Symptoms should be treated with atropine, and most patients should also receive pralidoxime, a cholinesterase-regenerating drug.	pralidoxime	80-91	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	95-109
1675101-4	1991	Although both HI-6 and pralidoxime chloride reactivated the red blood cell cholinesterase in quinalphos-poisoned subjects, the return of enzyme activities was more rapid following the use of HI-6.	pralidoxime	23-43	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	75-89
1522715-1	1992	Pralidoxime chloride (PAM) hydrolyzes acetylthiocholine, the substrate used in the assay of red cell cholinesterase.	pralidoxime	0-20	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	101-115
1522715-1	1992	Pralidoxime chloride (PAM) hydrolyzes acetylthiocholine, the substrate used in the assay of red cell cholinesterase.	pralidoxime	22-25	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	101-115
1909249-8	1991	However, the DFP-treated AChE biosensor recovered fully after a 10-min perfusion with pralidoxime (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	86-97	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	25-29
1909249-8	1991	However, the DFP-treated AChE biosensor recovered fully after a 10-min perfusion with pralidoxime (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	86-97	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	101-104
1875298-1	1991	Evaluation of the efficacy of a cholinesterase reactivator, pralidoxime].	pralidoxime	60-71	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	32-46
1875298-2	1991	Pralidoxime is the most frequently used antidote in anticholinesterase insecticide poisoning, owing to its cholinesterase reactivating action.	pralidoxime	0-11	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	56-70
2253262-2	1990	Possible interactions of contrathion (pralidoxime sulfomethylate), a reactivator of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with the regulation of cholinergic transmission were investigated on an identified synapse in the buccal ganglion of Aplysia californica.	pralidoxime	25-36	acetylcholinesterase-like	Aplysia californica	99-119
2253262-2	1990	Possible interactions of contrathion (pralidoxime sulfomethylate), a reactivator of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with the regulation of cholinergic transmission were investigated on an identified synapse in the buccal ganglion of Aplysia californica.	pralidoxime	25-36	acetylcholinesterase-like	Aplysia californica	121-125
33802843-8	2021	Best protection was observed for the oximes K-48 (RR = 0.20), K-27 (RR = 0.23), and obidoxime (RR = 0.21), which were significantly more efficacious than pralidoxime and pyridostigmine.	pralidoxime	154-165	keratin 27	Rattus norvegicus	62-66
1694899-7	1990	Treatment with pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) and atropine was attempted.	pralidoxime	15-35	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Felis catus	39-42
2271146-3	1990	Reactivation of immobilized AChE after inhibition with reversible inhibitor, i.e. nicotine and fluoride ion is carried out using a mixture of working buffer and acetylcholine, whereas reactivation after inhibition with irreversible inhibitor, i.e. organophosphorus compounds is carried out using a mixture of acetylcholine and pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (PAM).	pralidoxime	327-357	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	28-32
2271146-3	1990	Reactivation of immobilized AChE after inhibition with reversible inhibitor, i.e. nicotine and fluoride ion is carried out using a mixture of working buffer and acetylcholine, whereas reactivation after inhibition with irreversible inhibitor, i.e. organophosphorus compounds is carried out using a mixture of acetylcholine and pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (PAM).	pralidoxime	359-362	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	28-32
34969248-1	2022	Maintaining a long-term continuous and stable reactivator blood concentration to treat organophosphorus nerve agent poisoning using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) is very important yet difficult.	pralidoxime	172-192	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	132-152
1711837-4	1991	Consequently, pralidoxime (2-PAM) in conjunction with atropine was necessary to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and cholinergic toxicity in hens given high enough doses of chlorpyrifos to cause neuropathy.	pralidoxime	14-25	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Gallus gallus	29-32
1711837-4	1991	Consequently, pralidoxime (2-PAM) in conjunction with atropine was necessary to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and cholinergic toxicity in hens given high enough doses of chlorpyrifos to cause neuropathy.	pralidoxime	14-25	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Gallus gallus	88-108
1711837-4	1991	Consequently, pralidoxime (2-PAM) in conjunction with atropine was necessary to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and cholinergic toxicity in hens given high enough doses of chlorpyrifos to cause neuropathy.	pralidoxime	14-25	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Gallus gallus	110-114
34969248-1	2022	Maintaining a long-term continuous and stable reactivator blood concentration to treat organophosphorus nerve agent poisoning using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) is very important yet difficult.	pralidoxime	172-192	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	154-158
34969248-1	2022	Maintaining a long-term continuous and stable reactivator blood concentration to treat organophosphorus nerve agent poisoning using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) is very important yet difficult.	pralidoxime	194-199	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	132-152
34969248-1	2022	Maintaining a long-term continuous and stable reactivator blood concentration to treat organophosphorus nerve agent poisoning using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) is very important yet difficult.	pralidoxime	194-199	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	154-158
34969248-8	2022	For mice after intragastric poisoning with sarin (a neurotoxic agent), an atropine-assisted 2-PAM@MIL-88B(Fe) treatment experiment revealed that 2-PAM@MIL-88B(Fe) continuously released 2-PAM for more than 72 h so that poisoned AChE was continuously and steadily reactivated.	pralidoxime	92-97	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	227-231
34969248-8	2022	For mice after intragastric poisoning with sarin (a neurotoxic agent), an atropine-assisted 2-PAM@MIL-88B(Fe) treatment experiment revealed that 2-PAM@MIL-88B(Fe) continuously released 2-PAM for more than 72 h so that poisoned AChE was continuously and steadily reactivated.	pralidoxime	145-150	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	227-231
34969248-8	2022	For mice after intragastric poisoning with sarin (a neurotoxic agent), an atropine-assisted 2-PAM@MIL-88B(Fe) treatment experiment revealed that 2-PAM@MIL-88B(Fe) continuously released 2-PAM for more than 72 h so that poisoned AChE was continuously and steadily reactivated.	pralidoxime	185-190	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	227-231
35023196-4	2022	Obidoxime and pralidoxime have proved to be able to reactivate inhibited cholinesterase thereby saving life of poisoned animals.	pralidoxime	14-25	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	73-87
34467854-2	2021	Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the CaSR in the inactive and agonist+PAM bound states.	pralidoxime	97-100	calcium sensing receptor	Homo sapiens	64-68
34163757-9	2021	These favorable findings are attributed to synergistic effects that PAM reactivates AChE to hydrolyze ACh and excess ACh is encapsulated in the cavity of CP6A to relieve cholinergic crisis symptoms.	pralidoxime	68-71	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
35023196-6	2022	There is no doubt that obidoxime and pralidoxime are able to reactivate OP inhibited AChE activity in poisoned patients thereby increasing AChE activity and contributing substantially to terminate cholinergic crisis.	pralidoxime	37-48	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	85-89
35023196-6	2022	There is no doubt that obidoxime and pralidoxime are able to reactivate OP inhibited AChE activity in poisoned patients thereby increasing AChE activity and contributing substantially to terminate cholinergic crisis.	pralidoxime	37-48	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	139-143
34989015-2	2022	The AChE reactivating antidote pralidoxime was developed in the 1950s and soon noted to benefit patients occupationally poisoned with the highly potent OP insecticide parathion.	pralidoxime	31-42	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	4-8
2804138-4	1989	The rank order in which ligands stabilized AChE was: edrophonium greater than decamethonium greater than pralidoxime chloride much greater than procainamide.	pralidoxime	105-125	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	43-47
3181042-2	1988	The logarithm of the percentage RBC AChE reactivated by 2-PAM after soman exposure was plotted as a function of time.	pralidoxime	56-61	acetylcholinesterase	Cavia porcellus	36-40
3098245-2	1986	The present paper evaluates the interaction of aprophen with acetylcholinesterases, butyrylcholinesterases, and carboxylesterases with respect to protecting the enzyme from organophosphate and carbamate inhibition, accelerating pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM) regeneration of the diisopropylphospho-enzyme, and comparing the inhibition and regeneration kinetics of a soluble mammalian acetylcholinesterase with that of bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	228-246	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	61-81
3421136-0	1988	Effects of pralidoxime applied locally into the midbrain reticular formation on the hippocampal theta rhythm induced by acetylcholinesterase inhibition.	pralidoxime	11-22	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	120-140
3421136-1	1988	After local administration into the midbrain reticular formation of an acetylcholinesterase reactivator--Pralidoxime, a significant decrease of intensity of hippocampal theta rhythm induced by previous inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by DFP was observed already after 10 min.	pralidoxime	105-116	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	71-91
3421136-1	1988	After local administration into the midbrain reticular formation of an acetylcholinesterase reactivator--Pralidoxime, a significant decrease of intensity of hippocampal theta rhythm induced by previous inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by DFP was observed already after 10 min.	pralidoxime	105-116	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	216-236
3653568-4	1987	FBS-AChE, at a lower enzyme OP ratio, protected mice from 2 LD50s of the nerve agent methylphosphonofluoridic acid 1,2,2,-trimethylpropyl ester (soman) when used in conjunction with atropine and 2[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-methylpyridinium chloride.	pralidoxime	195-246	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	4-8
3254091-0	1988	Disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of 2-formyl 1-methyl pyridinium oxime (2-PAM) in heifers.	pralidoxime	43-77	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	81-84
3320996-3	1987	Different actions of pralidoxim and obidoxim were shown in studies on the influence of ChE reactivators (administered in doses of 10, 20, 40 mg/kg) on the circulatory and respiratory system.	pralidoxime	21-31	butyrylcholinesterase	Canis lupus familiaris	87-90
3784779-1	1986	The pharmacokinetics of pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) was studied in rats.	pralidoxime	24-44	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
2872135-9	1986	Combinations of these agents with 2-pyridine aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) (50 mg/kg) improved prophylactic action even further.	pralidoxime	34-67	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	71-74
3746817-7	1986	The in vitro reactivation potency of the alpha-keto thiohydroximates approaches and even surpasses that of 2-PAM and toxogonin for GD-inhibited AChE.	pralidoxime	107-112	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	144-148
4092617-1	1985	The present study demonstrates that dose combinations of atropine sulfate and 2-pyridine aldoxime methylchloride (2-PAM), which do not produce any overt toxic effects on the behavior of mice or guinea pigs in a stable environment, elicit clonic-tonic convulsions and death when the animals are physically stressed by cold water swimming.	pralidoxime	78-112	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	116-119
2418157-1	1985	Quantitative azure B-RNA cytophotometry was employed to compare effects of the oximes HI-6 and pralidoxime (2-PAM) to those of atropine sulfate (AS) on neuronal RNA metabolism in the thalamic ventrobasal nuclear complex (VBC) and nucleus reticularis (NR).	pralidoxime	95-106	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	110-113
6707597-4	1984	The coinjection of 2-pyridinealdoxime methochloride (2-PAM, which protects the embryo from certain OP insecticide-induced teratisms) along with 200 micrograms of diazinon markedly reduced the notochord and neural wry neck at 19 days paralleled the 96-hr cervical histology: pronounced in all embryos receiving greater than or equal to 25 micrograms, virtually nonexistent in those receiving 6.25 or 12.5 micrograms.	pralidoxime	19-51	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Gallus gallus	55-58
6502737-4	1984	A combination of atropine sulfate (0.5 mg/kg, 1/4 iv and 3/4 im) and pyridine 2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM, 20 mg/kg, iv) reversed the clinical evidence of malathion toxicity within 15 min.	pralidoxime	69-99	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Bos taurus	103-106
6194444-2	1983	In rats only with antidotes, atropine depressed whereas pralidoxime (2-PAM) elevated RNA contents of both caudate and cerebrocortical (Layer V) neurons.	pralidoxime	56-67	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	71-74
214351-4	1978	Electrophysiological studies have shown that paraoxon increases neurotransmitter release and causes spontaneous and impulse-related antidromic nerve activity, both of which can be reduced significantly by reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide.	pralidoxime	264-294	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	231-251
6761901-0	1982	The influence of obidoxime, diacetylmonoxime, pralidoxime, and two less hydrophilic derivatives of pralidoxime upon the cholinesterase inhibition and the pressor effect by paraoxon in the rat.	pralidoxime	99-110	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	120-134
7224673-5	1981	Fenthion and dicrotophos-inhibited brain ChE were only slightly reactivated in vitro by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide, which suggested that spontaneous reactivation was not a primary method of recovery of ChE activity.	pralidoxime	88-118	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cholinesterase	Anas platyrhynchos	41-44
214351-4	1978	Electrophysiological studies have shown that paraoxon increases neurotransmitter release and causes spontaneous and impulse-related antidromic nerve activity, both of which can be reduced significantly by reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide.	pralidoxime	264-294	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	253-257
677965-0	1978	Central therapeutic effects of dihydroderivative of pralidoxime (pro-2-PAM) in organophosphate intoxication.	pralidoxime	52-63	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	71-74
716389-5	1978	Most were treated with atropine and some were also treated with 2-PAM (pralidoxime).	pralidoxime	71-82	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	66-69
5505957-0	1970	[Measurement of the in vivo and in vitro reactivation of alkyl phosphate-poisoned serum cholinesterase by 2-PAM and toxogonin in the presence of different substrates].	pralidoxime	106-111	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	88-102
657758-1	1978	The use of atropine to block the effects of acetylcholine and pralidoxime chloride to restore cholinesterase in the blood, along with supportative therapy, intravenous fluids, and oxygen, prevented death in five cases of intentional ingestion of 25% diazinon.	pralidoxime	62-82	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	94-108
1166305-1	1975	A dihydropyridine-pyridine type redox system was successfully applied for delivering a quaternary pyridinium salt, N-methylpyridinium-2-aldoxime chloride (2-PAM), through the blood-brain barrier.	pralidoxime	115-153	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	157-160
5523278-0	1970	[The EGG during paraoxon poisoning of rats under the influence of atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM)].	pralidoxime	79-90	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
5786978-5	1969	It has previously been demonstrated (Rogers et al., 1966) that one-third of the DFP-sensitive sites at the endplate can be reactivated by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM)-a compound which selectively reactivates phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	138-168	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	233-253
5786978-5	1969	It has previously been demonstrated (Rogers et al., 1966) that one-third of the DFP-sensitive sites at the endplate can be reactivated by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM)-a compound which selectively reactivates phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase.	pralidoxime	170-175	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	233-253
4181315-9	1969	The first involved reactivation of the phosphorylated AChase by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM), in conditions in which the reactivation of other enzymes would be insignificant.	pralidoxime	64-94	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	54-60
4181315-9	1969	The first involved reactivation of the phosphorylated AChase by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM), in conditions in which the reactivation of other enzymes would be insignificant.	pralidoxime	64-94	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	98-101
5768869-4	1969	After being extensively washed, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChase) was specifically reactivated by treatment with pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	120-150	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	43-63
5768869-4	1969	After being extensively washed, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChase) was specifically reactivated by treatment with pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	120-150	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	65-71
5768869-4	1969	After being extensively washed, the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChase) was specifically reactivated by treatment with pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM).	pralidoxime	120-150	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	154-157
4304411-0	1968	[Use of O-nitrophenylbutyrate as source of error in the measurement of the 2-PAM reactivity potential of alkylphosphate-poisoned serum cholinesterase].	pralidoxime	75-80	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	135-149
6026263-0	1967	Reactivation by pyridinium aldoxime methochloride (PAM) of inhibited cholinesterase activity in dogs after poisoning with pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman).	pralidoxime	16-49	butyrylcholinesterase	Canis lupus familiaris	69-83
6026263-0	1967	Reactivation by pyridinium aldoxime methochloride (PAM) of inhibited cholinesterase activity in dogs after poisoning with pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (soman).	pralidoxime	51-54	butyrylcholinesterase	Canis lupus familiaris	69-83
5962089-0	1966	Reactivation of paraoxon-inactivated cholinesterase in the rat cerebral cortex by pralidoxime chloride.	pralidoxime	82-102	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	37-51
5927092-0	1966	[Reactivation of phosphoryl cholinesterase in the cerebral cortex of rats following parenteral administration of pralidoxime (PAM-2) and toxogonine (LuH-6)].	pralidoxime	113-124	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	28-42
5864106-0	1965	In vivo inhibition of rabbit whole blood cholinesterase following intravenous infusion of a diethyl organophosphate inhibitor and reactivation with 2-PAM.	pralidoxime	148-153	cholinesterase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	41-55
14463753-6	1962	It is concluded that pralidoxime and 1,1"-trimethylenebis(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium bromide) have an anticholinergic action as well as the ability to reactivate cholinesterase and that this action plays a significant part in the initial recovery of function under the conditions of these experiments.	pralidoxime	21-32	cholinesterase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	166-180
13789072-0	1961	Parathion poisoning successfully treated with 2-PAM (pralidoxime chloride).	pralidoxime	53-73	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	48-51
13747325-1	1960	In experiments on mice treated with pralidoxime iodide (pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide; PAM) and atropine, the cholinesterase activity in the brain was assayed after poisoning with very high doses of organophosphorous anticholinesterases.	pralidoxime	36-54	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Mus musculus	88-91
13747325-1	1960	In experiments on mice treated with pralidoxime iodide (pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide; PAM) and atropine, the cholinesterase activity in the brain was assayed after poisoning with very high doses of organophosphorous anticholinesterases.	pralidoxime	36-54	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	111-125
13747325-1	1960	In experiments on mice treated with pralidoxime iodide (pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide; PAM) and atropine, the cholinesterase activity in the brain was assayed after poisoning with very high doses of organophosphorous anticholinesterases.	pralidoxime	56-86	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	111-125
13618543-4	1958	Diacetylmonoxime, at an equimolar dose, produced only a slight increase in enzyme activity, and pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide, the best reactivator in vitro, reactivated blood but not brain cholinesterase.	pralidoxime	96-126	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	191-205
13584731-1	1958	Pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (P2AM) was used to study the relation between the recovery of cholinesterase activity of isolated frog rectus abdominis muscle and the change of isotonic response to acetylcholine after previous treatment with the anticholinesterase, isopropyl methyl phosphonofluoridate (sarin).	pralidoxime	0-30	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	93-107
13518186-0	1958	An effect of pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM) on cholinesterase at motor end-plates.	pralidoxime	13-43	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	47-50
13518186-0	1958	An effect of pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM) on cholinesterase at motor end-plates.	pralidoxime	13-43	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	55-69
13584731-1	1958	Pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (P2AM) was used to study the relation between the recovery of cholinesterase activity of isolated frog rectus abdominis muscle and the change of isotonic response to acetylcholine after previous treatment with the anticholinesterase, isopropyl methyl phosphonofluoridate (sarin).	pralidoxime	32-36	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	93-107
13584731-6	1958	Since control experiments showed absence of uncombined sarin in the muscle after rinsing with acetylcholine solution, the results indicate a greater effectiveness of P2AM and acetylcholine in reactivating superficially situated cholinesterase of the frog rectus abdominis as compared with enzyme within the interior of the muscle.	pralidoxime	166-170	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	228-242