PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
2557122-0	1989	Disappearance of the mu-opiate receptor patches in the rat neostriatum following lesioning of the ipsilateral nigrostriatal dopamine pathway with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+): restoration by embryonic nigral dopamine grafts.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	opioid related nociceptin receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	21-39
3262717-10	1988	Among the NAD+-linked dehydrogenases in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex was significantly inhibited by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	143-147	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	70-103
2753987-2	1989	MPTP is first metabolized to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), a primary neurotoxin, by monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and then taken up into dopaminergic neurons through the dopamine reuptake system.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	88-107
2753987-2	1989	MPTP is first metabolized to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), a primary neurotoxin, by monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and then taken up into dopaminergic neurons through the dopamine reuptake system.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	109-114
2786117-5	1989	We report here that MPP+ provoked large (80%) oxidations of cytochrome b and large K+o increments (approximately 30 mM) in rat striatal slices.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	60-72
2568664-2	1989	It is now apparent that MAO-B is capable of oxidizing inert non-polar amines such as MPTP (N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6, tetrahydropyridine) and milacemide (2-n-pentylaminoacetamide) into neuroactive substances giving rise to Parkinson inducing dopaminergic neurotoxin, MPP+ and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter, glycine respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	267-271	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	24-29
3265070-3	1988	The mechanism of this effect remains unknown but reports that MPP+ inhibits electron transport in isolated mitochondria and increases oxidation of cytochrome b in striatal slices suggest that depression of ATP production is involved.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-66	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	147-159
3264161-4	1988	Transport occurs through the monoamine transporter since it is competitively inhibited by 5-HT and since MPP+ competitively inhibits [3H]5-HT uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	29-50
3264161-8	1988	MPP+ is the first quaternary ammonium salt shown to be a substrate of the monoamine transporter and it has the same pH-dependency as monoamines.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	74-95
3143167-3	1988	Deprenyl, a specific inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-B, the enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of MPTP into MPP+, blocked the lethal effect of MPTP, but gave no protection from MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	34-53
2788714-1	1989	The in vitro development of monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and [3H]dopamine (DA) uptake capacity of dissociated cell cultures from rat embryo mesencephalon were correlated with the potency of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	277-281	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	28-45
2575971-4	1989	We assume that the mechanism of action of PLG may directly or indirectly reduce MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in the nigrostriatal system or reduce the affinity of MPP+ to melanin in DA cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	174-178	plasminogen	Mus musculus	42-45
2543694-2	1989	MPTP is metabolized to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), which is a primary neurotoxin, by monoamine oxidase B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	91-110
3265769-0	1988	Reduction of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity in clonal pheochromocytoma PC12h cells by culture in the presence of N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	160-163	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	13-48
3265769-3	1988	After 6 days culture, AADC activity was almost negligible in the cells cultured in the presence of 1 mM MPP+, but PLP concentration in the cells was not reduced.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	22-26
3265769-4	1988	AADC in the cells cultured in the presence of MPP+ reduced the affinity to PLP, but the affinity to a substrate, L-DOPA, did not change.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
3263584-4	1988	This effect was completely abolished by prior administration of the catecholamine uptake inhibitor, nomifensine (13-69 mg/kg s.c.), which prevents the toxic metabolite of MPTP 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) from entering dopaminergic neurones.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-207	MPTP sensitivity 1	Mus musculus	171-177
2899310-1	1988	Effects of the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on DOPA formation and phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) of rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells were examined after the cells were cultured with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-51	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	95-115
2899310-1	1988	Effects of the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on DOPA formation and phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) of rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells were examined after the cells were cultured with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-51	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	117-119
2899310-3	1988	Kinetical study showed that two apparent forms of TH with different Km existed in the cells cultured with 100 microM MPP+ but one form in that of control.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-121	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	50-52
2899310-4	1988	Incorporation of radioactive phosphate into TH molecule was also reduced to 50% of its control value following a 3-day exposure to 100 microM MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-146	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	44-46
3129982-3	1988	Mechanisms of bioactivation by MAO-B of MPTP to MPP+, concentration of MPP+ in neurons with a catecholamine uptake system, and vulnerability to cellular toxic effects of MPP+ are the basis for the specificity of MPTP targeting of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	31-36
2897647-1	1988	We report that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), inactivated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) when MPP+ was directly infused into the striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	145-165
2897647-1	1988	We report that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), inactivated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) when MPP+ was directly infused into the striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	167-169
2897647-1	1988	We report that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), inactivated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) when MPP+ was directly infused into the striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	176-180	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	145-165
2897647-1	1988	We report that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), the active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), inactivated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) when MPP+ was directly infused into the striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	176-180	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	167-169
2897647-3	1988	MPP+ caused the inhibition of TH activity but did not influence TH content in the ipsilateral striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	30-32
3258784-8	1988	However, although these substances prevented the MPP+-induced release of DA, the levels of DOPAC in the perfusates did not recover and remained completely suppressed suggesting that MPP+ may inhibit extraneuronal rather than intraneuronal monoamine oxidase (MAO).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-186	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	239-256
3258784-8	1988	However, although these substances prevented the MPP+-induced release of DA, the levels of DOPAC in the perfusates did not recover and remained completely suppressed suggesting that MPP+ may inhibit extraneuronal rather than intraneuronal monoamine oxidase (MAO).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-186	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	258-261
3258784-13	1988	The results show that the elevated levels of DA in the striatal perfusates are due to a direct action of MPTP and MPP+ on the nigrostriatal DA terminals and cannot be fully accounted for solely by their inhibition of MAO activity and/or inhibition of DA re-uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	217-220
3258785-0	1988	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) increases oxidation of cytochrome-b in rat striatal slices.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	58-70
3258785-3	1988	Incubation of rat striatal slices with MPP+ (1 microM) produced a time-dependent oxidation of Cytochrome-b in a manner consistent with the concept of a block in electron transport in the intramitochondrial respiratory chain between nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and Cytochrome-b.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	94-106
3258785-3	1988	Incubation of rat striatal slices with MPP+ (1 microM) produced a time-dependent oxidation of Cytochrome-b in a manner consistent with the concept of a block in electron transport in the intramitochondrial respiratory chain between nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and Cytochrome-b.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	276-288
3131149-2	1988	The neurotoxicity of MPTP is dependent upon its monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B)-catalyzed conversion to the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium species (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-144	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	48-67
3131149-2	1988	The neurotoxicity of MPTP is dependent upon its monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B)-catalyzed conversion to the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium species (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-144	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	69-74
3258013-1	1988	Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) has been determined to be the enzyme responsible for the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into its toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-211	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	0-19
3128644-2	1988	MPTP is oxidized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) to the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), which is taken up in dopaminergic neurons through the dopamine (DA) uptake system, where it develops its toxic effect.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	20-39
3128644-2	1988	MPTP is oxidized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) to the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), which is taken up in dopaminergic neurons through the dopamine (DA) uptake system, where it develops its toxic effect.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	41-46
3258013-1	1988	Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) has been determined to be the enzyme responsible for the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into its toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-211	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	21-26
2884568-2	1987	MPTP is metabolized by monoamine oxidase Type B to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), which is selectively accumulated by high-affinity uptake mechanisms into dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	23-47
2903426-4	1988	MPP+ was found to reduce the enzyme activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and aromatic L-aminoacid decarboxylase (AADC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	75-92
2903426-4	1988	MPP+ was found to reduce the enzyme activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and aromatic L-aminoacid decarboxylase (AADC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
2903426-4	1988	MPP+ was found to reduce the enzyme activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and aromatic L-aminoacid decarboxylase (AADC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	112-137
2903426-4	1988	MPP+ was found to reduce the enzyme activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and aromatic L-aminoacid decarboxylase (AADC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	139-143
2903426-5	1988	In the presence of MPP+ at concentrations higher than 10 microM, reduction of TH activity in the cells was more pronounced than reduction of cell protein or of the activity of a non-specific enzyme, beta-galactosidase.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	galactosidase, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	199-217
2903426-6	1988	With 1 mM and 100 microM MPP+, MAO activity was reduced to about 30% of that in control cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	31-34
2903426-8	1988	AADC was the most sensitive to MPP+ and its activity was reduced markedly in the cells cultured with 100 nM MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
2903426-8	1988	AADC was the most sensitive to MPP+ and its activity was reduced markedly in the cells cultured with 100 nM MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
3319563-4	1987	In rats, type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B), which mediates the conversion of MPTP to MPP+, may act as an enzymatic barrier at brain microvessels, whereas in primates the enzyme, present mainly in astrocytes, appears important for bioactivation of MPTP into the toxic metabolite.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	35-40
2883261-3	1987	Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in PC12h cells was inhibited by MPP+ in a dose-dependent way from 10 nM to 10 microM, but concentrations of MPP+ higher than 100 microM were found to increase the MAO activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
2883261-3	1987	Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in PC12h cells was inhibited by MPP+ in a dose-dependent way from 10 nM to 10 microM, but concentrations of MPP+ higher than 100 microM were found to increase the MAO activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	196-199
2883261-3	1987	Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in PC12h cells was inhibited by MPP+ in a dose-dependent way from 10 nM to 10 microM, but concentrations of MPP+ higher than 100 microM were found to increase the MAO activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-145	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
2883261-3	1987	Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in PC12h cells was inhibited by MPP+ in a dose-dependent way from 10 nM to 10 microM, but concentrations of MPP+ higher than 100 microM were found to increase the MAO activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-145	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	196-199
2883261-4	1987	At the lower concentrations MPP+ inhibited MAO noncompetitively with respect to the substrate, kynuramine, and at the higher concentrations it increased both the Km and the Vmax values of MAO toward the substrate.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
2883261-4	1987	At the lower concentrations MPP+ inhibited MAO noncompetitively with respect to the substrate, kynuramine, and at the higher concentrations it increased both the Km and the Vmax values of MAO toward the substrate.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	188-191
3498133-1	1987	Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is the key enzyme in the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) to N-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) which causes degeneration of dopaminergic nigral neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-158	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	0-19
3498133-1	1987	Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is the key enzyme in the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) to N-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) which causes degeneration of dopaminergic nigral neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-158	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	21-26
3100899-2	1987	MPTP and MPP+ inhibited aerobic glycolysis in mouse striatal slices, as measured by increased lactate production; MPTP-induced effects were prevented by inhibition of monoamine oxidase B activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	167-186
3103619-1	1987	Effect of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on the activity of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase was studied using mitochondria prepared from rat brains.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S6	Rattus norvegicus	68-98
3103619-4	1987	Incubation of mitochondria with 0.05 mM of MPP+ together with glutamate, malate and ADP resulted in approximately 50% inhibition of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S6	Rattus norvegicus	132-162
3496045-1	1987	MPTP (1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is converted by monoamine oxidase B to its putative toxic metabolite MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion) via MPDP+ (1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium ion).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-124	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	68-87
3494449-3	1987	However, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity was significantly inhibited by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	9-42
3494449-5	1987	Inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase may be one of the important mechanisms of MPP+-induced inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, and of neuronal degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide)	Mus musculus	14-47
3490636-1	1986	Inhibitory effects of some MPTP and MPP+ analogues on rat brain MAO activity were studied to further clarify the structure-activity relationships of MPTP neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
3492651-1	1987	Expression of the selective nigrostriatal neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [MPTP] requires its bioactivation by MAO B which leads to the formation of potentially reactive metabolites including the 2-electron oxidation product, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium species [MPDP+] and the 4-electron oxidation product, the 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium species [MPP+].	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	392-395	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	141-146
3494215-1	1987	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) is now confirmed to be one of the oxidative products of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) and is considered to cause a parkinsonism-like syndrome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	170-175
3494215-2	1987	We studied the effect of MPP+ on type A monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) activity in mitochondria prepared from various sources.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	59-64
3494215-4	1987	The Ki value of MAO-A with MPP+ in human brain synaptosomal mitochondria (1.3 microM) was much lower than the Ki values of MAO-A in other organs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	16-21
3494215-5	1987	Among the MAO-A samples, MAO-A in intrasynaptosomal mitochondria from human brain was the most sensitive to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	10-15
3494215-5	1987	Among the MAO-A samples, MAO-A in intrasynaptosomal mitochondria from human brain was the most sensitive to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	25-30
3494215-6	1987	The Ki value of MAO-A with MPP+ in striatum (1.6 microM and 2.0 microM for MAO-A prepared from putamen and from caudate) was similar to the Ki value of MAO-A in synaptosomes from cortex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	16-21
3123604-3	1987	MPTP is oxidised to its neurotoxic metabolite, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	85-104
3123604-3	1987	MPTP is oxidised to its neurotoxic metabolite, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
3556086-2	1987	The offending agent, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), has to be converted by monoamine oxidase B perhaps in glia, into the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	97-116
3500274-5	1987	By postmortem analysis of the striatal tissue MPP+ was proved to cause the inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO), especially MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	89-106
3500274-5	1987	By postmortem analysis of the striatal tissue MPP+ was proved to cause the inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO), especially MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
3500274-5	1987	By postmortem analysis of the striatal tissue MPP+ was proved to cause the inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO), especially MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	125-130
3500274-6	1987	These results suggest that the acute biochemical changes induced by MPP+ in vivo were MAO inhibition and release of DA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
3490638-7	1986	The decrease in MAO activity might have been due to the decrease in DA transport into striatal synaptosomes during the enzyme assay and/or to reversible inhibition of intrasynaptosomal MAO by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-196	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	16-19
3490638-7	1986	The decrease in MAO activity might have been due to the decrease in DA transport into striatal synaptosomes during the enzyme assay and/or to reversible inhibition of intrasynaptosomal MAO by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-196	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
3490636-5	1986	Together with our previous MPTP and MPP+ analogue findings, the present results indicate that, in these chemical structures, a 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ring is most essential for time-dependent inhibition of MAO.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	219-222
3489461-3	1986	Both MAO A and B catalyse the oxidation of MPTP to the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium species (MPDP+), which undergoes further oxidation to the fully aromatic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium species (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	205-208	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	5-10
3487620-3	1986	This effect was abolished by pretreatment with pargyline, a MAOB inhibitor, suggesting that oxidation of MPTP to the pyridinium moiety, MPP+, is a necessary step for toxicity when mazindol binding is used as an end point.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	60-64
3489461-4	1986	These bio-oxidations are blocked by selective inhibitors of MAO A and B. Additionally, MPTP, MPDP+ and MPP+ are competitive inhibitors of MAO A and B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	60-65
3489461-4	1986	These bio-oxidations are blocked by selective inhibitors of MAO A and B. Additionally, MPTP, MPDP+ and MPP+ are competitive inhibitors of MAO A and B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	138-143
3084895-3	1986	This observation adds further support to the concept that the oxidation of MPTP by MAO-B to its corresponding pyridinium analog, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), is an important feature of the neurotoxic process.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	83-88
3485463-6	1986	From the present data, we propose that MPP+ (the active metabolite of MPTP) inhibits DA reuptake system and/or monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, increases readily releasable pool of DA and stimulates DA release from dopaminergic terminals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	111-128
3487052-2	1986	Conversion of MPTP to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) appears necessary for this neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	58-77
3487052-2	1986	Conversion of MPTP to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) appears necessary for this neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	79-84
3485463-6	1986	From the present data, we propose that MPP+ (the active metabolite of MPTP) inhibits DA reuptake system and/or monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, increases readily releasable pool of DA and stimulates DA release from dopaminergic terminals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
3008728-0	1986	Formation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+): reductive activation by NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	115-147
3008728-4	1986	Formation of these toxic radicals from MPP+ was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ethanol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	catalase	Homo sapiens	83-91
3091760-8	1986	The ability of monoamine oxidase inhibitors to prevent MPTP toxicity is related to the metabolism of MPTP by monoamine oxidase B, probably extraneuronally in glia, to produce MPDP+ and subsequently MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	109-128
3489197-3	1986	The compound MPP+ was most effective to reduce motor responding and to decrease levels of dopamine, DOPAC and HVA (50-56%) in the striatum in addition to reducing levels of dopamine, DOPAC, noradrenaline, serotonin and 5-HIAA (42-86%) in the substantia nigra, yet MPP+ has been shown to have very weak ability to inhibit DHPR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	quinoid dihydropteridine reductase	Rattus norvegicus	321-325
3091761-3	1986	The MAO-B inhibitor deprenyl was shown to antagonize the actions of MPTP, and its metabolite formed via oxidation through MAO, MPP+, was shown to disrupt striatal dopamine function as determined behaviorally (as motor impairment) or biochemically (as loss of dopamine and its metabolites) when injected into the cerebral ventricles of mouse or infused into the substantia nigra of rat brain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	4-9
3097254-2	1986	Monoamine oxidase (MAO) B converts MPTP to an actual neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) whilst prior administration of an MAO B inhibitor, (-)deprenyl, prevents the conversion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	0-25
3091762-1	1986	MPTP is oxidized to its toxic metabolite MPP+ by MAO B in both primate and rodent brains and this reaction can be inhibited by (-)-deprenyl.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-45	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	49-54
3097254-2	1986	Monoamine oxidase (MAO) B converts MPTP to an actual neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) whilst prior administration of an MAO B inhibitor, (-)deprenyl, prevents the conversion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	134-139
3912685-2	1985	MPP+ can be formed by the oxidation of MPTP by monoamine oxidase B to the intermediate dihydropyridinium species, MPDP+, which is spontaneously transformed to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	47-66
3874094-4	1985	Our studies support the hypothesis that MPTP is oxidized in primate brain by MAO B to MPDP+, which is then converted to MPP+, a major metabolite found in the substantia nigra.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	77-82
3932598-6	1985	These results indicate that MAO is involved in the toxicity of MPP+ on DA neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	28-31
3877888-3	1985	MPP+ but not MPTP reversibly inhibited NADH cytochrome c reductase, but not glutathione reductase.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	44-56
3912685-2	1985	MPP+ can be formed by the oxidation of MPTP by monoamine oxidase B to the intermediate dihydropyridinium species, MPDP+, which is spontaneously transformed to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	47-66
3932598-1	1985	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) is the product of the metabolic oxidation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) by monoamine oxidase (MAO).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	139-156
3932598-1	1985	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) is the product of the metabolic oxidation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) by monoamine oxidase (MAO).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
3932598-4	1985	When the cultures are treated with the MAO inhibitor deprenyl (10 microM) 24 h prior to and during exposure to MPP+, the DA neurons are protected from the toxicity of the drug.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
3935467-3	1985	These data lend further support to the concept that the oxidation of MPTP by MAO-B to its corresponding pyridinium analog, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) is an important feature of the neurotoxic process.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	153-157	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	77-82
3876524-4	1985	These results, together with previous findings on metabolism of MPTP to MPP+ by brain MAO-B, suggest that MPP+ is a simple inhibitor of MAO-A and MAO-B, but MPTP might be a "suicide substrate" inhibitor for MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	86-91
3872460-2	1985	N-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), a metabolite of MPTP formed by monoamine oxidase B, is accumulated into striatal and cerebral cortical synaptosomes by the dopamine and norepinephrine uptake systems, respectively, whereas MPTP itself is not accumulated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	65-84
3929190-3	1985	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), the metabolic product of MPTP by MAO, also inhibited DOPA formation in rat striatal tissue slices.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	73-76
3878976-4	1985	The results are compatible with the view that dopamine itself is not involved in the neurotoxic effect of MPTP but that MPP+, a metabolite of MPTP formed by MAO-B and accumulated by the dopamine uptake carrier, is responsible for the neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	157-162
2413402-3	1985	These results are consistent with the premise that MPP+, formed from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) by the enzyme monoamine oxidase B, may be responsible for the toxicity observed after MPTP administration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	135-154
33165739-5	2021	We further dissected the molecular mechanism involved in this process by using specific pharmacological inhibitors and validated that the distinct signaling pathways PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta and MEK/ERK are involved in the process against MPP+ toxicity upon PDGF-BB treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	233-237	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
33165739-5	2021	We further dissected the molecular mechanism involved in this process by using specific pharmacological inhibitors and validated that the distinct signaling pathways PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta and MEK/ERK are involved in the process against MPP+ toxicity upon PDGF-BB treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	233-237	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	175-184
33165739-5	2021	We further dissected the molecular mechanism involved in this process by using specific pharmacological inhibitors and validated that the distinct signaling pathways PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta and MEK/ERK are involved in the process against MPP+ toxicity upon PDGF-BB treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	233-237	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	189-192
33165739-5	2021	We further dissected the molecular mechanism involved in this process by using specific pharmacological inhibitors and validated that the distinct signaling pathways PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta and MEK/ERK are involved in the process against MPP+ toxicity upon PDGF-BB treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	233-237	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	193-196
33165739-7	2021	Using genetic approach, we further confirmed that the activation of CREB is involved in PDGF-BB-mediated protection in MPP+-exposed SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-123	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
33493581-11	2021	miR-96 overexpression or BNIP3 interference weakened the suppressive role of PPX in MPP+-induced neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	microRNA 96	Mus musculus	0-6
33493581-10	2021	PPX reversed MPP+-induced miR-96 expression and inhibition of mitophagy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	microRNA 96	Mus musculus	26-32
33443645-0	2021	Febuxostat Inhibits MPP+-Induced Inflammatory Response Through Inhibiting the JNK/NF-kappaB Pathway in Astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
33493581-11	2021	miR-96 overexpression or BNIP3 interference weakened the suppressive role of PPX in MPP+-induced neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3	Mus musculus	25-30
33443645-11	2021	Thirdly, febuxostat alleviated MPP+-induced inflammatory responses in astrocytes by reducing the expressions of IL-8, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, GFAP, MMP-2, and MMP-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	118-126
33443645-11	2021	Thirdly, febuxostat alleviated MPP+-induced inflammatory responses in astrocytes by reducing the expressions of IL-8, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, GFAP, MMP-2, and MMP-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	128-137
33443645-11	2021	Thirdly, febuxostat alleviated MPP+-induced inflammatory responses in astrocytes by reducing the expressions of IL-8, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, GFAP, MMP-2, and MMP-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Rattus norvegicus	139-143
33443645-11	2021	Thirdly, febuxostat alleviated MPP+-induced inflammatory responses in astrocytes by reducing the expressions of IL-8, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, GFAP, MMP-2, and MMP-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	145-150
33737050-6	2021	We found that MPP+ induced cell senescence with increased beta-galactosidase activity and the expression of p53, p21 and p16 activation in cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
33443645-11	2021	Thirdly, febuxostat alleviated MPP+-induced inflammatory responses in astrocytes by reducing the expressions of IL-8, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, GFAP, MMP-2, and MMP-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	156-161
33443645-12	2021	Importantly, we found that febuxostat mitigated activation of the JNK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65.Febuxostat attenuated MPP+-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the JNK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	66-69
33443645-12	2021	Importantly, we found that febuxostat mitigated activation of the JNK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65.Febuxostat attenuated MPP+-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the JNK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
33443645-12	2021	Importantly, we found that febuxostat mitigated activation of the JNK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB p65.Febuxostat attenuated MPP+-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the JNK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
33737050-6	2021	We found that MPP+ induced cell senescence with increased beta-galactosidase activity and the expression of p53, p21 and p16 activation in cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	113-116
33737050-6	2021	We found that MPP+ induced cell senescence with increased beta-galactosidase activity and the expression of p53, p21 and p16 activation in cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Rattus norvegicus	121-124
33737050-7	2021	In addition, MPP+ treatment showed smaller mitochondria and increased membrane density, downregulation of ferritin heavy chain 1 expression and upregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 expression, and enhanced levels of oxidative stress, which were important characteristics of ferroptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	ferritin heavy chain 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-128
33737050-7	2021	In addition, MPP+ treatment showed smaller mitochondria and increased membrane density, downregulation of ferritin heavy chain 1 expression and upregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 expression, and enhanced levels of oxidative stress, which were important characteristics of ferroptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4	Rattus norvegicus	160-206
33737050-9	2021	Fer-1 downregulated the expression of p53 and upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) in MPP+-induced ferroptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	solute carrier family 7 member 11	Rattus norvegicus	76-109
33737050-9	2021	Fer-1 downregulated the expression of p53 and upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) in MPP+-induced ferroptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	solute carrier family 7 member 11	Rattus norvegicus	111-118
33737050-9	2021	Fer-1 downregulated the expression of p53 and upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) in MPP+-induced ferroptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	glutathione peroxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	124-148
33737050-9	2021	Fer-1 downregulated the expression of p53 and upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) in MPP+-induced ferroptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	glutathione peroxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
33737050-11	2021	Thus, these results suggest that MPP+ induces senescence in PC12 cells via the p53/ SLC7A11/ GPX4 signaling pathway in the ferroptosis regulation mechanism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	79-82
33737050-11	2021	Thus, these results suggest that MPP+ induces senescence in PC12 cells via the p53/ SLC7A11/ GPX4 signaling pathway in the ferroptosis regulation mechanism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	solute carrier family 7 member 11	Rattus norvegicus	84-91
33737050-11	2021	Thus, these results suggest that MPP+ induces senescence in PC12 cells via the p53/ SLC7A11/ GPX4 signaling pathway in the ferroptosis regulation mechanism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	glutathione peroxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
34050453-6	2021	ROS activity assay showed that inhibiting ID2-AS1 attenuated the oxidative stress induced by 1-methy1-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	122-126	inhibitor of DNA binding 2	Homo sapiens	42-45
34060992-10	2021	RESULTS: CNPY2 level was down-regulated both in the brain and retina of PD mice and also inhibited in neurons by MPP+ in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	canopy FGF signaling regulator 2	Mus musculus	9-14
34060992-11	2021	Overexpression of CNPY2 repressed the level of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, enhanced Bcl-2 level, and promoted neurite length under MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	canopy FGF signaling regulator 2	Mus musculus	18-23
34060992-13	2021	The AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway was activated by overexpressed CNPY2 to inhibit MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis, which was confirmed using an AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
34060992-13	2021	The AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway was activated by overexpressed CNPY2 to inhibit MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis, which was confirmed using an AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	8-16
34060992-13	2021	The AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway was activated by overexpressed CNPY2 to inhibit MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis, which was confirmed using an AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	canopy FGF signaling regulator 2	Mus musculus	66-71
34060992-13	2021	The AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway was activated by overexpressed CNPY2 to inhibit MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis, which was confirmed using an AKT inhibitor MK-2206 2HCl.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	145-148
34060992-14	2021	CONCLUSION: CNPY2 alleviates oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and apoptosis of neurons induced by MPP+ by activating the AKT/ GSK3beta signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	canopy FGF signaling regulator 2	Mus musculus	12-17
34060992-14	2021	CONCLUSION: CNPY2 alleviates oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and apoptosis of neurons induced by MPP+ by activating the AKT/ GSK3beta signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
34060992-14	2021	CONCLUSION: CNPY2 alleviates oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, and apoptosis of neurons induced by MPP+ by activating the AKT/ GSK3beta signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	137-145
34050453-6	2021	ROS activity assay showed that inhibiting ID2-AS1 attenuated the oxidative stress induced by 1-methy1-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	122-126	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	46-49
34050453-9	2021	In our study, ID2-AS1 was concentration-dependently and time-dependently up-regulated in MPP+ -treated human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	inhibitor of DNA binding 2	Homo sapiens	14-17
34050453-9	2021	In our study, ID2-AS1 was concentration-dependently and time-dependently up-regulated in MPP+ -treated human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	18-21
34050453-11	2021	Knockdown of ID2-AS1 attenuates MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	inhibitor of DNA binding 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
34050453-11	2021	Knockdown of ID2-AS1 attenuates MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	17-20
34050453-14	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ triggered neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 1	Homo sapiens	48-54
34050453-14	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ triggered neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	inhibitor of DNA binding 2	Homo sapiens	90-93
34050453-14	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ triggered neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	94-97
34050453-15	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ -triggered JAK2/STAT1 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	interferon alpha and beta receptor subunit 1	Homo sapiens	48-54
34050453-15	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ -triggered JAK2/STAT1 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	inhibitor of DNA binding 2	Homo sapiens	90-93
34050453-15	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ -triggered JAK2/STAT1 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	prostaglandin D2 receptor	Homo sapiens	94-97
34050453-15	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ -triggered JAK2/STAT1 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	127-131
34050453-15	2021	Inhibition of miR-199a-5p and overexpression of IFNAR1 alleviate the inhibitory effect of ID2-AS1 knockdown on MPP+ -triggered JAK2/STAT1 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
33984130-7	2021	The results demonstrated that the level of NEAT1 was upregulated in the MPTP-induced PD mice, dopamine neurons, and the SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, whereas the level of miR-374c-5p was downregulated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	147-151	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	43-48
34032411-0	2021	Pimavanserin Promotes Trophic Factor Release and Protects Cultured Primary Dopaminergic Neurons Exposed to MPP+ in a GDNF-Dependent Manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	117-121
34032411-10	2021	Thus, pimavanserin induces release of neurotrophic factors and protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+ toxicity in a GDNF-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	120-124
34018309-7	2021	Severe mitochondrial dysfunction induced by acute MPP+ treatment instigated compensatory mechanisms through enhancing expression of PGC-1alpha/FNDC5/BDNF pathway genes, while chronic MPP+ toxicity led to down-regulated levels of the genes in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	132-142
34018309-7	2021	Severe mitochondrial dysfunction induced by acute MPP+ treatment instigated compensatory mechanisms through enhancing expression of PGC-1alpha/FNDC5/BDNF pathway genes, while chronic MPP+ toxicity led to down-regulated levels of the genes in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	fibronectin type III domain containing 5	Homo sapiens	143-148
34018309-7	2021	Severe mitochondrial dysfunction induced by acute MPP+ treatment instigated compensatory mechanisms through enhancing expression of PGC-1alpha/FNDC5/BDNF pathway genes, while chronic MPP+ toxicity led to down-regulated levels of the genes in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	149-153
33984130-9	2021	NEAT1 inhibition efficiently facilitated cell proliferation but inhibited apoptosis and autophagy in the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33713908-5	2021	In cultured neuronal cells, Ka exhibited a relatively safe concentration range and significantly suppressed LD accumulation and cellular apoptosis induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	formin 1	Mus musculus	108-110
33956370-6	2021	Administration of a TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin, increases levels of phosphorylated p70S6K (p-p70S6K; activation of p70S6K) on astrocytes, resulting in the survival of dopamine neurons and behavioral recovery through endogenous production of CNTF in the MPP+ -lesioned rat model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	251-255	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-25
33956370-6	2021	Administration of a TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin, increases levels of phosphorylated p70S6K (p-p70S6K; activation of p70S6K) on astrocytes, resulting in the survival of dopamine neurons and behavioral recovery through endogenous production of CNTF in the MPP+ -lesioned rat model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	251-255	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	81-87
33277577-11	2021	Finally, we demonstrate that the eIF2alpha kinase inhibitor C16 suppresses MPP+ and 6-OHDA induced ATF4 activation and protects against PD neurotoxin induced dopaminergic neuronal death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	33-42
33956370-4	2021	The results show that TRPV1-ribosomal protein 70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling on astrocytes produces endogenous CNTF in the SN of MPP+ -lesioned rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
33956370-4	2021	The results show that TRPV1-ribosomal protein 70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling on astrocytes produces endogenous CNTF in the SN of MPP+ -lesioned rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	38-58
33956370-4	2021	The results show that TRPV1-ribosomal protein 70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling on astrocytes produces endogenous CNTF in the SN of MPP+ -lesioned rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Rattus norvegicus	60-66
33956370-4	2021	The results show that TRPV1-ribosomal protein 70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling on astrocytes produces endogenous CNTF in the SN of MPP+ -lesioned rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	ciliary neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	112-116
33882234-5	2021	Western blotting and immunofluorescent labeling revealed that miR-30a-5p suppressed the expression and function of GLT-1 in MPTP-treated mice and specifically in astrocytes treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) (cell model of PD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	215-219	microRNA 30a	Mus musculus	62-69
33882234-5	2021	Western blotting and immunofluorescent labeling revealed that miR-30a-5p suppressed the expression and function of GLT-1 in MPTP-treated mice and specifically in astrocytes treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) (cell model of PD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	215-219	solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2	Mus musculus	115-120
33277577-7	2021	We demonstrate that PD neurotoxins (MPP+ and 6-OHDA) and alpha-synuclein aggregation induced by pre-formed human alpha-synuclein fibrils (PFFs) cause sustained upregulation of ATF4 expression in mouse cortical and mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	113-128
33277577-7	2021	We demonstrate that PD neurotoxins (MPP+ and 6-OHDA) and alpha-synuclein aggregation induced by pre-formed human alpha-synuclein fibrils (PFFs) cause sustained upregulation of ATF4 expression in mouse cortical and mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	176-180
33994363-0	2021	Metabolic Response to the Mitochondrial Toxin 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in LDH-A/B Double-knockout LS174T Colon Cancer Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	84-91
33994363-3	2021	In this work, we examine the consequences of inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in LS14T colon cancer cells containing a genetic double knock out (DKO) of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDHA and LDHB).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	lactate dehydrogenase A	Homo sapiens	247-251
33994363-3	2021	In this work, we examine the consequences of inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in LS14T colon cancer cells containing a genetic double knock out (DKO) of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDHA and LDHB).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	lactate dehydrogenase B	Homo sapiens	256-260
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	glutathione peroxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	105-129
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	glutathione peroxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	ferritin heavy chain 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-161
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	ferritin heavy chain 1	Rattus norvegicus	163-167
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	RoBo-1	Rattus norvegicus	212-216
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	transferrin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	222-244
33646533-8	2021	Furthermore, MPP-induced PD cells were characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1), and increased divalent metal transporter (DMT1) and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-16	transferrin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	246-250
33646533-9	2021	In contrast, Lip-1 and DFO increased the expression level of GPX4 and FTH1 compared to MPP-induced PD cell.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-90	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
33908179-7	2021	SCRAs carrying an ADB or MPP moiety as a head group tended to produce elevated Emax values in the betaarr2 assay, which might result in a tendency of these compounds to cause pronounced tolerance in users - a hypothesis that should be evaluated further by future studies.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-28	arrestin beta 2	Homo sapiens	98-106
33995031-4	2021	MPP+/MPTP induced Fyn kinase activation in N27 DAergic neuronal cells and the mouse substantia nigra.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	18-21
33995031-6	2021	Pharmacological attenuation of Fyn activity protected DAergic neurons from MPP+-induced degeneration in primary mesencephalic neuronal cultures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	31-34
33995031-8	2021	Primary mesencephalic neurons from Fyn KO mice were greatly protected from MPP+-induced DAergic cell death, neurite loss and DA reuptake loss.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	Fyn proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	35-38
33886117-3	2021	OBJECTIVE: This study is designed to explore the role and mechanism of long intergenic non-coding RNA 00943 (LINC00943) in the N-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+)-inducted PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	154-158	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	109-118
33886117-10	2021	LINC00943 silencing promoted cell viability, and repressed apoptosis and the inflammatory response in MPP+-treated SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	0-9
33886117-12	2021	CONCLUSIONS: LINC00943 knockdown could attenuate MPP+-triggered neuron injury by regulating the miR-7-5p/CXCL12 axis, hinting at a promising therapeutic target for PD treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	13-22
33886117-12	2021	CONCLUSIONS: LINC00943 knockdown could attenuate MPP+-triggered neuron injury by regulating the miR-7-5p/CXCL12 axis, hinting at a promising therapeutic target for PD treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	microRNA 7-1	Homo sapiens	96-104
33886117-12	2021	CONCLUSIONS: LINC00943 knockdown could attenuate MPP+-triggered neuron injury by regulating the miR-7-5p/CXCL12 axis, hinting at a promising therapeutic target for PD treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	105-111
33967805-2	2021	Furthermore, exogenous compounds such as MPP+, ASP+ and Tetraethylammonium can be used as prototypic substrates to study the OCT1-mediated transport in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-44	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
33935952-5	2021	Our previous data indicated that demethylation in the Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) promoter by the TET2 directly activated its expression, then promoted the cell cycle arrest and cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	252-256	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	54-90
33936174-5	2021	MPTP is metabolized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) to MPP + and induces the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in mammals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-59	monoamine oxidase	Danio rerio	23-42
33936174-5	2021	MPTP is metabolized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) to MPP + and induces the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in mammals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-59	monoamine oxidase	Danio rerio	44-49
33911864-11	2021	SNHG1 silence or miR-125b-5p overexpression protected against MPP+-evoked apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in SK-N-SH and MN9D cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-66	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33911864-12	2021	Moreover, SNHG1 acted as a molecular sponge of miR-125b-5p, and the protective impact of SNHG1 silence on MPP+-evoked cell damage was reversed by miR-125b-5p inhibition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Mus musculus	10-15
33911864-12	2021	Moreover, SNHG1 acted as a molecular sponge of miR-125b-5p, and the protective impact of SNHG1 silence on MPP+-evoked cell damage was reversed by miR-125b-5p inhibition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Mus musculus	89-94
33911864-13	2021	Furthermore, MAPK1 was a functional target of miR-125b-5p and its overexpression attenuated the effects of miR-125b-5p restoration in MPP+-triggered cell injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-138	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	13-18
33911864-15	2021	Conclusion: SNHG1 knockdown exerted neuroprotective effects in MPP+-evoked cytotoxicity through regulating the miR-125b-5p/MAPK1 axis both in human and mouse PD cell models, highlighting a possible target for PD therapy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
33935952-5	2021	Our previous data indicated that demethylation in the Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) promoter by the TET2 directly activated its expression, then promoted the cell cycle arrest and cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	252-256	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	92-98
33464446-0	2021	Silencing of UCA1 Protects Against MPP+-Induced Cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH Cells via Modulating KCTD20 Expression by Sponging miR-423-5p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
33538833-6	2021	Here we show that deletion of cat-1/VMAT increases sensitivity to the neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) as measured by enhanced degeneration of dopamine neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	MFS domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	30-35
32724177-8	2021	In the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells and alpha-synuclein (alpha-Syn) A53T-overexpressing PC12 (PC12alpha-Syn A53T) cells, treatment with GM1 ganglioside (40 muM) significantly decreased alpha-Syn accumulation and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	7-11	coenzyme Q10A	Mus musculus	134-137
32724177-9	2021	We further revealed that treatment with GM1 ganglioside promoted autophagy, evidenced by the autophagosomes that appeared in the substantia nigra of PD mice as well as the changes of autophagy-related proteins (LC3-II and p62) in the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	234-238	coenzyme Q10A	Mus musculus	40-43
32724177-12	2021	GM1 ganglioside significantly increased the phosphorylation of autophagy regulatory proteins ATG13 and ULK1 in doxycycline-treated PC12alpha-Syn A53T cells and the MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, which was inhibited by 3-MA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	164-168	coenzyme Q10A	Mus musculus	0-3
33389428-9	2021	SNHG1 directly bound to miR-181a-5p, and miR-181a-5p inhibition could block the action of SNHG1 knockdown on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33389428-9	2021	SNHG1 directly bound to miR-181a-5p, and miR-181a-5p inhibition could block the action of SNHG1 knockdown on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	90-95
33389428-10	2021	CXCL12 was identified as a downstream target of miR-181a-5p, and the impact of miR-181a-5p on MPP+-induced neuronal damage could be attenuated by CXCL12 overexpression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	0-6
33389428-10	2021	CXCL12 was identified as a downstream target of miR-181a-5p, and the impact of miR-181a-5p on MPP+-induced neuronal damage could be attenuated by CXCL12 overexpression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12	Homo sapiens	146-152
32889692-8	2021	Ex-4 reversed the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, and GSK-3beta in MPP+-treated PC12 cells, and reduced MPP+-induced PC12 cell damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
32889692-8	2021	Ex-4 reversed the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, and GSK-3beta in MPP+-treated PC12 cells, and reduced MPP+-induced PC12 cell damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	59-68
33464446-7	2021	Our data showed that MPP+ induced UCA1 expression in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
33464446-8	2021	UCA1 silencing protected against MPP+-evoked cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
33464446-9	2021	UCA1 functioned as a miR-423-5p sponge, and the protective impact of UCA1 silencing on MPP+-evoked cytotoxicity was mediated by miR-423-5p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
33464446-10	2021	KCTD20 was a direct target of miR-423-5p, and miR-423-5p overexpression mitigated MPP+-triggered cell injury by down-regulating KCTD20.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 20	Homo sapiens	0-6
33464446-10	2021	KCTD20 was a direct target of miR-423-5p, and miR-423-5p overexpression mitigated MPP+-triggered cell injury by down-regulating KCTD20.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	microRNA 423	Homo sapiens	30-37
33464446-10	2021	KCTD20 was a direct target of miR-423-5p, and miR-423-5p overexpression mitigated MPP+-triggered cell injury by down-regulating KCTD20.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 20	Homo sapiens	128-134
33464446-12	2021	Our study first identified that the silencing of UCA1 protected SK-N-SH cells from MPP+-evoked cytotoxicity at least in part by targeting the miR-423-5p/KCTD20 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
33464446-12	2021	Our study first identified that the silencing of UCA1 protected SK-N-SH cells from MPP+-evoked cytotoxicity at least in part by targeting the miR-423-5p/KCTD20 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	microRNA 423	Homo sapiens	142-149
33464446-12	2021	Our study first identified that the silencing of UCA1 protected SK-N-SH cells from MPP+-evoked cytotoxicity at least in part by targeting the miR-423-5p/KCTD20 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 20	Homo sapiens	153-159
33188898-0	2021	Protection by rhynchophylline against MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via regulating PI3K/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
33859553-8	2021	Cannabidiol alleviated loss of TH expression and cytotoxicity in the MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	31-33
33188898-9	2021	Furthermore, it has been indicated that cell viability was improved and the MPP+-induced apoptosis was inhibited after the treatment of Rhy at 20 muM, which were severally analyzed by the CCK-8 and the Annexin V/propidium iodide staining method.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	annexin A5	Rattus norvegicus	202-211
33188898-12	2021	Moreover, the Rhy-induced decreases of Bax and caspase-3 as the proapoptotic markers and the increase of Bcl-2 as the antiapoptotic marker, were blocked by LY294002 in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
33188898-12	2021	Moreover, the Rhy-induced decreases of Bax and caspase-3 as the proapoptotic markers and the increase of Bcl-2 as the antiapoptotic marker, were blocked by LY294002 in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	47-56
33118665-4	2021	The production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 were increased by MPP+ treatment, which were abolished by irigenin treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V1 subunit E1	Mus musculus	46-77
33188898-12	2021	Moreover, the Rhy-induced decreases of Bax and caspase-3 as the proapoptotic markers and the increase of Bcl-2 as the antiapoptotic marker, were blocked by LY294002 in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	105-110
33726823-5	2021	Besides, the correlations between microRNA-135b-5p (miR-135b-5p) and MALAT1 or glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) in MPP+-stimulated cell model of PD were explored.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-139	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	69-75
33726823-5	2021	Besides, the correlations between microRNA-135b-5p (miR-135b-5p) and MALAT1 or glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) in MPP+-stimulated cell model of PD were explored.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-139	glycoprotein nmb	Homo sapiens	126-131
33726823-6	2021	RESULTS: MALAT1 was increasingly expressed and downregulation of MALAT1 promoted cell proliferation while inhibited apoptosis in MPP+-stimulated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	65-71
33726823-9	2021	CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that MALAT1/miR-135b-5p/GPNMB axis regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis in MPP+-stimulated cell model of PD, providing a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	37-43
33726823-9	2021	CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that MALAT1/miR-135b-5p/GPNMB axis regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis in MPP+-stimulated cell model of PD, providing a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	microRNA 135b	Homo sapiens	44-52
33726823-9	2021	CONCLUSION: Our findings reveal that MALAT1/miR-135b-5p/GPNMB axis regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis in MPP+-stimulated cell model of PD, providing a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	glycoprotein nmb	Homo sapiens	56-61
33208053-0	2021	LINC00943 knockdown attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal damage via miR-15b-5p/RAB3IP axis in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	0-9
33208053-0	2021	LINC00943 knockdown attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal damage via miR-15b-5p/RAB3IP axis in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	64-71
33208053-0	2021	LINC00943 knockdown attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal damage via miR-15b-5p/RAB3IP axis in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	75-81
33208053-3	2021	This research aims to analyze the function and mechanism of LINC00943 in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-caused neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	60-69
33208053-9	2021	LINC00943 silence alleviated MPP+-caused decrease of cell viability and elevation of apoptosis, inflammatory injury and oxidative injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	0-9
33208053-10	2021	miR-15b-5p was inhibited via LINC00943, and miR-15b-5p inhibition reversed knockdown of LINC00943-mediated suppression of MPP+-induced neuronal damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	122-126	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	0-7
33208053-10	2021	miR-15b-5p was inhibited via LINC00943, and miR-15b-5p inhibition reversed knockdown of LINC00943-mediated suppression of MPP+-induced neuronal damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	122-126	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	88-97
33208053-12	2021	miR-15b-5p addition mitigated MPP+-induced neuronal damage through decreasing RAB3IP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	0-7
33208053-12	2021	miR-15b-5p addition mitigated MPP+-induced neuronal damage through decreasing RAB3IP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	78-84
33208053-13	2021	CONCLUSION: LINC00943 inhibition alleviated MPP+-induced neuronal injury via miR-15b-5p/RAB3IP axis, indicating a potential target for treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	12-21
33208053-13	2021	CONCLUSION: LINC00943 inhibition alleviated MPP+-induced neuronal injury via miR-15b-5p/RAB3IP axis, indicating a potential target for treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	77-84
33208053-13	2021	CONCLUSION: LINC00943 inhibition alleviated MPP+-induced neuronal injury via miR-15b-5p/RAB3IP axis, indicating a potential target for treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	RAB3A interacting protein	Homo sapiens	88-94
33359019-7	2021	Overexpression of TIGAR or NADPH supplement inhibited MPP+-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and autophagic flux impairment in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	TP53 induced glycolysis regulatory phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
33359019-7	2021	Overexpression of TIGAR or NADPH supplement inhibited MPP+-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and autophagic flux impairment in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	27-32
31050314-10	2021	Finally, we showed that iron and 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) co-treatment significantly increased superoxide production in microglial cultures by inducing p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-66	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	162-165
31050314-11	2021	BA also significantly decreased superoxide production and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in the cultures co-treated with iron and MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	58-66
33118665-8	2021	Nrf2 knockdown attenuated the effects of irigenin on MPP+ -induced viability reduction, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-4
33118665-9	2021	In conclusion, irigenin alleviated MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity in BV-2 cells through regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	100-105
33118665-9	2021	In conclusion, irigenin alleviated MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity in BV-2 cells through regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	106-110
33118665-4	2021	The production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 were increased by MPP+ treatment, which were abolished by irigenin treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	82-95
33118665-5	2021	Irigenin-attenuated MPP+ -induced increase of malondialdehyde content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	catalase	Mus musculus	110-118
33118665-7	2021	Interestingly, irigenin activated the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in MPP+ -induced BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	38-43
33118665-7	2021	Interestingly, irigenin activated the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in MPP+ -induced BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	44-48
33672606-5	2021	We found that EA protected primary cultured neurons against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridium (MPP+)-induced cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, and effectively reduced MPP+-induced astroglial activation by inhibiting the NF-kappaB pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	186-190	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	239-248
33536877-5	2020	Functional studies using genetic knockdown of endogenous HMGA1 show that HMGA1 signaling inhibition accelerates neural cell death, at least partially through aggravating MPP+-induced autophagic flux reduction resulting from partial block in autophagic flux at the terminal stages, indicating a novel potential neuroprotective role for HMGA1 in dopaminergic neurons death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	170-174	high mobility group AT-hook 1	Mus musculus	57-62
33241887-0	2021	Alpha lipoic acid alleviates ferroptosis in the MPP+ -induced PC12 cells via activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-100
33241887-0	2021	Alpha lipoic acid alleviates ferroptosis in the MPP+ -induced PC12 cells via activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
33241887-10	2021	MPP+ reduced cell viability and induced ferroptosis as presented by increased MDA, 4-HNE, iron and ROS concentrations, reduced levels of GSH and ferroptosis marker proteins (SLC7A11 and GPx4).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 7 member 11	Rattus norvegicus	174-181
33241887-10	2021	MPP+ reduced cell viability and induced ferroptosis as presented by increased MDA, 4-HNE, iron and ROS concentrations, reduced levels of GSH and ferroptosis marker proteins (SLC7A11 and GPx4).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	glutathione peroxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	186-190
33241887-13	2021	Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway weakened the protection of alpha-LA against MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-23
33241887-13	2021	Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway weakened the protection of alpha-LA against MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	24-28
33241887-14	2021	We highlighted that alpha-LA alleviated MPP+ -induced cell viability decrease and ferroptosis in PC12 cells via activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
33241887-14	2021	We highlighted that alpha-LA alleviated MPP+ -induced cell viability decrease and ferroptosis in PC12 cells via activating the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
33262224-3	2021	In order to address if IC50 values of MATE1 inhibitors with regard to their extracellular concentrations are affected by the direction of MATE1-mediated transport, we established an efflux assay of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and metformin using the HEK293 model transiently expressing human MATE1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	227-231	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
33534843-0	2021	Protection of dopamine neurons by CDNF and neurturin variant N4 against MPP+ in dissociated cultures from rat mesencephalon.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	neurturin	Rattus norvegicus	43-52
33416093-3	2021	The objective of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of AR protein against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell death and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD in a mouse model using the cell permeable Tat-AR fusion protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	128-132	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	80-82
33416093-4	2021	The results revealed that when Tat-AR protein was transduced into SH-SY5Y cells, it markedly protected the cells against MPP+-induced death and DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	31-34
33416093-4	2021	The results revealed that when Tat-AR protein was transduced into SH-SY5Y cells, it markedly protected the cells against MPP+-induced death and DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	35-37
32712773-2	2021	Here, the increased lncRNA NEAT1 was discovered in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
32712773-7	2021	Finally, we transfected miR-1301-3p inhibitor to MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells following si-NEAT1, and found that downregulation of NEAT1 repressed alpha-syn-mediated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through regulating miR-1301-3p/GJB1 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	89-94
32712773-7	2021	Finally, we transfected miR-1301-3p inhibitor to MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells following si-NEAT1, and found that downregulation of NEAT1 repressed alpha-syn-mediated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through regulating miR-1301-3p/GJB1 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	129-134
32712773-7	2021	Finally, we transfected miR-1301-3p inhibitor to MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells following si-NEAT1, and found that downregulation of NEAT1 repressed alpha-syn-mediated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through regulating miR-1301-3p/GJB1 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	145-154
32712773-7	2021	Finally, we transfected miR-1301-3p inhibitor to MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells following si-NEAT1, and found that downregulation of NEAT1 repressed alpha-syn-mediated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through regulating miR-1301-3p/GJB1 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	182-187
32712773-7	2021	Finally, we transfected miR-1301-3p inhibitor to MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells following si-NEAT1, and found that downregulation of NEAT1 repressed alpha-syn-mediated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through regulating miR-1301-3p/GJB1 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	gap junction protein beta 1	Homo sapiens	232-236
32712773-8	2021	Overall, our data demonstrated that NEAT1 decreasing effectively suppressed MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
33146846-0	2021	Regulation of AKT/AMPK signaling, autophagy and mitigation of apoptosis in Rutin-pretreated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-120	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
33146846-0	2021	Regulation of AKT/AMPK signaling, autophagy and mitigation of apoptosis in Rutin-pretreated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-120	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
33146846-4	2021	Results show reduced changes in nuclear morphology and mitigation of caspase 3/7 and 9 activities in rutin pre-treated cells exposed to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	69-86
33146846-6	2021	Also, rutin significantly increased protein expression levels of full-length caspase 3 in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-121	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	77-86
33241432-9	2021	Function experiments confirmed that NEAT1 knockdown could promote the viability, suppress the apoptosis and inflammation of MPP+-stimulated SK-N-SH cells to restrain PD progression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
33536877-5	2020	Functional studies using genetic knockdown of endogenous HMGA1 show that HMGA1 signaling inhibition accelerates neural cell death, at least partially through aggravating MPP+-induced autophagic flux reduction resulting from partial block in autophagic flux at the terminal stages, indicating a novel potential neuroprotective role for HMGA1 in dopaminergic neurons death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	170-174	high mobility group AT-hook 1	Mus musculus	73-78
33536877-5	2020	Functional studies using genetic knockdown of endogenous HMGA1 show that HMGA1 signaling inhibition accelerates neural cell death, at least partially through aggravating MPP+-induced autophagic flux reduction resulting from partial block in autophagic flux at the terminal stages, indicating a novel potential neuroprotective role for HMGA1 in dopaminergic neurons death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	170-174	high mobility group AT-hook 1	Mus musculus	73-78
33536877-9	2020	Thus, our results suggest that HMGA1 forms a negative feedback loop with miR-103/107-CDK5R1/CDK5 signaling to regulate the MPP+/MPTP-induced autophagy impairment and neural cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	high mobility group AT-hook 1	Mus musculus	31-36
33536877-9	2020	Thus, our results suggest that HMGA1 forms a negative feedback loop with miR-103/107-CDK5R1/CDK5 signaling to regulate the MPP+/MPTP-induced autophagy impairment and neural cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	microRNA 107	Mus musculus	73-84
33536877-9	2020	Thus, our results suggest that HMGA1 forms a negative feedback loop with miR-103/107-CDK5R1/CDK5 signaling to regulate the MPP+/MPTP-induced autophagy impairment and neural cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	85-91
33536877-9	2020	Thus, our results suggest that HMGA1 forms a negative feedback loop with miR-103/107-CDK5R1/CDK5 signaling to regulate the MPP+/MPTP-induced autophagy impairment and neural cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	85-89
33506036-3	2021	To explore the impact of miR-15b-5p and Akt3 on apoptosis in the progression of PD, the method of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed, and the analysis result showed upregulated expression of miR-15b-5p and downregulated expression of Akt3 in the serum of PD patients, MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, and the brain tissues of MPTP-induced mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	317-321	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	25-32
33467745-2	2021	As erythropoietin (EPO) is emerging for its benefits in neurodegenerative diseases, here, we test the protective effect driven by EPO in in vitro (SH-SY5Y cells challenged by MPP+) and in vivo (C57BL/6J mice administered with MPTP) PD models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	3-17
33467745-2	2021	As erythropoietin (EPO) is emerging for its benefits in neurodegenerative diseases, here, we test the protective effect driven by EPO in in vitro (SH-SY5Y cells challenged by MPP+) and in vivo (C57BL/6J mice administered with MPTP) PD models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	19-22
33467745-2	2021	As erythropoietin (EPO) is emerging for its benefits in neurodegenerative diseases, here, we test the protective effect driven by EPO in in vitro (SH-SY5Y cells challenged by MPP+) and in vivo (C57BL/6J mice administered with MPTP) PD models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	erythropoietin	Homo sapiens	130-133
33467745-5	2021	Moreover, EPO promotes a rescue of mitochondrial respiration while markedly enhancing the glycolytic rate, as shown by the augmented extracellular acidification rate, contributing to elevated ATP levels in MPP+-challenged cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	206-210	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	10-13
33035625-0	2021	Anti-inflammatory effect of IGF-1 is mediated by IGF-1R cross talk with GPER in MPTP/MPP+-induced astrocyte activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	85-89	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
33035625-0	2021	Anti-inflammatory effect of IGF-1 is mediated by IGF-1R cross talk with GPER in MPTP/MPP+-induced astrocyte activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	85-89	insulin like growth factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	49-55
33035625-0	2021	Anti-inflammatory effect of IGF-1 is mediated by IGF-1R cross talk with GPER in MPTP/MPP+-induced astrocyte activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	85-89	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
33035625-6	2021	Silencing GPER abrogated the inhibitory effect of IGF-1 on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS in primary astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
33035625-6	2021	Silencing GPER abrogated the inhibitory effect of IGF-1 on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS in primary astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	50-55
33035625-6	2021	Silencing GPER abrogated the inhibitory effect of IGF-1 on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS in primary astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	118-123
33035625-6	2021	Silencing GPER abrogated the inhibitory effect of IGF-1 on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS in primary astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	128-132
33035625-11	2021	Overall, we show for the first time that GPER may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effect of IGF-1 against MPTP/MPP + -induced astrocyte activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-120	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
33035625-11	2021	Overall, we show for the first time that GPER may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effect of IGF-1 against MPTP/MPP + -induced astrocyte activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-120	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
33127410-8	2021	The results showed increased activities of caspases 8, 9 and 3, between 72 to 120 hours after administration of MPP+, both in striatum and midbrain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	43-62
33127410-9	2021	After this study, we tested the effect of CuSO4 on MPP+ neurotoxicity, showing a diminution of the apoptotic damage induced by MPP+, decreased levels of enzymatic activity of caspases: 8 (-34 and -25 %), 9 (-25 and -42 %) and 3 (-40 and -29 %) in striatum and midbrain, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	175-183
33408606-6	2020	In a cellular model of PD, HS significantly attenuated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis of DAergic-like neurons differentiated from SH-SY5Y cells by enhancing the expression of Bcl-2, suppressing the expression of cleaved Caspase 3 and preventing depolarization of mitochondrial membrane.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	197-202
33096292-3	2020	PON2 has proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, this protein has a beneficial effect in MPP+ model in rats decreasing the lipid peroxidation and the oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	paraoxonase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
33096292-10	2020	The EB treatment showed protection against neurotoxicity induced with MPP+, this could be due to EB capacity to prevent the increase in the expression level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	186-195
33424590-7	2020	Our results showed that cell survival rates, ATP levels, DeltaPsim, mitochondrial morphology, parkin protein levels, PINK1 protein levels, and mitochondrial fusion protein levels were reduced after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
33204711-2	2020	The present study investigated miR-141-3p/sirtuin1 (SIRT1) activity in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium- (MPP+-) induced PC12-cell model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
33281897-7	2020	We found that AA pretreatment decreased the expression of ROS and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in MPP+-treated astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	66-97
33281897-7	2020	We found that AA pretreatment decreased the expression of ROS and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in MPP+-treated astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	99-103
33281897-8	2020	In contrast, the expression levels of antioxidative substances-including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) subunit-were upregulated after AA pretreatment in MPP+-treated astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	216-220	glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit	Mus musculus	160-164
33281897-9	2020	However, inhibition of NF-kappaB prevented such AA induced increases in antioxidative substances following MPP+ treatment in astrocytes, suggesting that AA improved antioxidative function of astrocytes through inhibiting NF-kappaB-mediated oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	23-32
33281897-9	2020	However, inhibition of NF-kappaB prevented such AA induced increases in antioxidative substances following MPP+ treatment in astrocytes, suggesting that AA improved antioxidative function of astrocytes through inhibiting NF-kappaB-mediated oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	221-230
32961227-0	2020	TRPV4 contributes to ER stress: Relation to apoptosis in the MPP+-induced cell model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-65	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
32961227-6	2020	The purpose of the present research was to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which TRPV4 regulates ER stress induced by the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	163-167	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	89-94
32961227-10	2020	KEY FINDINGS: The expression of TRPV4 was upregulated, while cell viability was decreased by MPP+, which was reversed by HC067047.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	32-37
32961227-12	2020	Moreover, MPP+ induced upregulation of GRP78, GRP94, CHOP, and decrease in procaspase-12 and TH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	39-44
32961227-12	2020	Moreover, MPP+ induced upregulation of GRP78, GRP94, CHOP, and decrease in procaspase-12 and TH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-51
32961227-12	2020	Moreover, MPP+ induced upregulation of GRP78, GRP94, CHOP, and decrease in procaspase-12 and TH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
32961227-13	2020	HC067047 and TRPV4 siRNA reversed MPP+-induced ER stress and restored TH production.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
32961227-14	2020	SIGNIFICANCE: TRPV4 functions upstream of ER stress induced by MPP+ and holds promise as a prospective pharmacotherapy target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
33197884-1	2020	Our previous studies have shown that the delta-opioid receptor (DOR) is an important neuroprotector via the regulation of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a mitochondria-related molecule, under hypoxic and MPP+ insults.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	122-143
33197884-1	2020	Our previous studies have shown that the delta-opioid receptor (DOR) is an important neuroprotector via the regulation of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a mitochondria-related molecule, under hypoxic and MPP+ insults.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-150
33197884-6	2020	Either PINK1 knockdown or DOR knockdown largely interfered with the DOR-mediated mitoprotection in MPP+ conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	7-12
33096292-10	2020	The EB treatment showed protection against neurotoxicity induced with MPP+, this could be due to EB capacity to prevent the increase in the expression level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	206-210
33096292-10	2020	The EB treatment showed protection against neurotoxicity induced with MPP+, this could be due to EB capacity to prevent the increase in the expression level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	186-195
33096292-10	2020	The EB treatment showed protection against neurotoxicity induced with MPP+, this could be due to EB capacity to prevent the increase in the expression level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	206-210
33096292-11	2020	While, TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 expression was reduced in the rats treated only with MPP+, in the rats of EB/M group the expression of both cytokines was increased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	7-16
33096292-11	2020	While, TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 expression was reduced in the rats treated only with MPP+, in the rats of EB/M group the expression of both cytokines was increased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	transforming growth factor, beta 3	Rattus norvegicus	21-30
32474958-14	2020	SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: In this study, we mainly explored that IGF-1 was decreased while iNOS was boosted in MPTP-induced PD mice model; IGF-1 suppressed while iNOS promoted MPP+ -induced toxicity and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells; miR-302b-5p ehanhced the neuroprotective effect of IGF-1 via targeting Inos; deficiency of miR-302b-5p improved the lesioned neurobehavior of MPTP-treated mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	177-181	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	163-167
33204711-9	2020	Results: miR-141-3p was upregulated, and SIRT1 was downregulated in MPP+-treated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
33204711-10	2020	MPP+ treatment also upregulated nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1) and alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-55
33204711-10	2020	MPP+ treatment also upregulated nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1) and alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-61
33204711-10	2020	MPP+ treatment also upregulated nitric oxide synthase 1 (Nos1) and alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	67-82
33204711-17	2020	Conclusion: Increased miR-141-3p induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in MPP+-treated PC12 cells by directly targeting the SIRT1 expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	153-158
33053856-8	2020	Further, chemical inhibition by NE52-QQ57, a selective antagonist of GPR4, and knockout of GPR4 by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and ROS generation, and stabilised the DeltaPsim, thus protecting the SH-SY5Y cells from MPP+- or H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	290-294	G protein-coupled receptor 4	Homo sapiens	91-95
33122030-5	2021	Additionally, knockdown of Sig 1R in SH-SY5Y DA cells inhibited mitophagy and enhanced 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) neurotoxicity, whereas application of the Sig 1R selective agonist SKF10047 promoted clearance of damaged mitochondria.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	Homo sapiens	27-33
33050066-5	2020	AB-FUBINACA inhibited OCT2-mediated MPP+ uptake via mixed inhibition (Ki, 54.2 microM) and competitively inhibited OATP1B1-mediated estrone-3-sulfate uptake (Ki, 94.4 microM).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	22-26
33167342-0	2020	Pro-Inflammatory Role of AQP4 in Mice Subjected to Intrastriatal Injections of the Parkinsonogenic Toxin MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-108	aquaporin 4	Mus musculus	25-29
33167342-6	2020	We also show, in WT mice, that MPP+ injections cause an upregulation of nigral AQP4 and swelling of astrocytic endfeet.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	aquaporin 4	Mus musculus	79-83
32846198-8	2020	The inhibition of NLRP3/CASP-1/IL-1beta neuroinflammatory signaling was further confirmed in murine N9 microglia activated by MPP+ insult after ECH treatment in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-129	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	18-23
32846198-8	2020	The inhibition of NLRP3/CASP-1/IL-1beta neuroinflammatory signaling was further confirmed in murine N9 microglia activated by MPP+ insult after ECH treatment in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-129	caspase 1	Mus musculus	24-30
32846198-8	2020	The inhibition of NLRP3/CASP-1/IL-1beta neuroinflammatory signaling was further confirmed in murine N9 microglia activated by MPP+ insult after ECH treatment in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-129	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	31-39
33215437-0	2020	MiR-133b inhibits MPP+-induced apoptosis in Parkinson"s disease model by inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	microRNA 133b	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
33215437-0	2020	MiR-133b inhibits MPP+-induced apoptosis in Parkinson"s disease model by inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	88-94
33215437-1	2020	OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-133b on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced apoptosis in the Parkinson"s disease (PD) model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	microRNA 133b	Rattus norvegicus	62-95
33215437-12	2020	With increased concentration of MPP+, the expression of miR-133b in the PD cell model declined significantly (p<0.05).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	microRNA 133b	Rattus norvegicus	56-64
32954540-11	2020	In conclusion, TTP protects against dopaminergic oxidative injury by promoting NOX2 mRNA degradation in the MPP+ /MPTP model of PD, suggesting that TTP could be a potential therapeutic target for regulating the oxidative stress in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-111	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	79-83
33053856-4	2020	In this study, we investigated the role of GPR4 in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated apoptotic cell death of stably GPR4-overexpressing and stably GPR4-knockout human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	G protein-coupled receptor 4	Homo sapiens	43-47
33053856-5	2020	In GPR4-OE cells, MPP+ and H2O2 were found to significantly increase the expression levels of both mRNA and proteins of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) genes, while they decreased the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	G protein-coupled receptor 4	Homo sapiens	3-7
33053856-5	2020	In GPR4-OE cells, MPP+ and H2O2 were found to significantly increase the expression levels of both mRNA and proteins of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) genes, while they decreased the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	138-164
33053856-5	2020	In GPR4-OE cells, MPP+ and H2O2 were found to significantly increase the expression levels of both mRNA and proteins of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) genes, while they decreased the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	166-169
33053856-5	2020	In GPR4-OE cells, MPP+ and H2O2 were found to significantly increase the expression levels of both mRNA and proteins of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) genes, while they decreased the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	218-235
33053856-5	2020	In GPR4-OE cells, MPP+ and H2O2 were found to significantly increase the expression levels of both mRNA and proteins of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) genes, while they decreased the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	138-143
33053856-8	2020	Further, chemical inhibition by NE52-QQ57, a selective antagonist of GPR4, and knockout of GPR4 by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and ROS generation, and stabilised the DeltaPsim, thus protecting the SH-SY5Y cells from MPP+- or H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	290-294	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	185-188
33053856-6	2020	In addition, MPP+ treatment activated Caspase-3, leading to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in GPR4-OE cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	38-47
33053856-6	2020	In addition, MPP+ treatment activated Caspase-3, leading to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in GPR4-OE cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	76-104
33053856-6	2020	In addition, MPP+ treatment activated Caspase-3, leading to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in GPR4-OE cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	106-110
33053856-8	2020	Further, chemical inhibition by NE52-QQ57, a selective antagonist of GPR4, and knockout of GPR4 by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and ROS generation, and stabilised the DeltaPsim, thus protecting the SH-SY5Y cells from MPP+- or H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	290-294	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	189-194
33053856-6	2020	In addition, MPP+ treatment activated Caspase-3, leading to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) in GPR4-OE cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	G protein-coupled receptor 4	Homo sapiens	179-183
32698024-4	2020	Our results indicated that the stimulatory effects of 8PG and genistein on osteoblast differentiation were abolished by co-incubation with MPP (10-6 M, an ERalpha antagonist), but not PHTPP (10-6 M, an ERbeta antagonist).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-142	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	155-162
33027964-2	2020	NGP1-01, a polycyclic amine, has been shown to be neuroprotective through modulation of the NMDA receptor and VGCC, and attenuation of MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	G protein nucleolar 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
32698024-4	2020	Our results indicated that the stimulatory effects of 8PG and genistein on osteoblast differentiation were abolished by co-incubation with MPP (10-6 M, an ERalpha antagonist), but not PHTPP (10-6 M, an ERbeta antagonist).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-142	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	202-208
32763437-0	2020	Puerarin suppresses MPP+/MPTP-induced oxidative stress through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
32763437-3	2020	Mechanistically, puerarin suppressed Fyn phosphorylation by GSK-3beta-dependent mechanism in MPP+-challenged PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	37-40
32763437-3	2020	Mechanistically, puerarin suppressed Fyn phosphorylation by GSK-3beta-dependent mechanism in MPP+-challenged PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	60-69
32763437-6	2020	Most interestingly, pharmacological inhibitor of GSK-3beta or Fyn shRNA blocked puerarin-induced Nrf2 activation in MPP+-challenged PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	49-58
32763437-6	2020	Most interestingly, pharmacological inhibitor of GSK-3beta or Fyn shRNA blocked puerarin-induced Nrf2 activation in MPP+-challenged PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	62-65
32763437-6	2020	Most interestingly, pharmacological inhibitor of GSK-3beta or Fyn shRNA blocked puerarin-induced Nrf2 activation in MPP+-challenged PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
32429710-7	2020	The increased productions of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells were also suppressed by PLD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	52-79
32429710-7	2020	The increased productions of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells were also suppressed by PLD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	81-90
32429710-0	2020	Platycodin D inhibits MPP+-induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	83-87
32429710-7	2020	The increased productions of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells were also suppressed by PLD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	93-110
32429710-0	2020	Platycodin D inhibits MPP+-induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	88-93
32429710-7	2020	The increased productions of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells were also suppressed by PLD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	112-120
32429710-0	2020	Platycodin D inhibits MPP+-induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	94-103
32429710-7	2020	The increased productions of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells were also suppressed by PLD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	127-131
32429710-8	2020	Furthermore, PLD inhibited the activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB pathway in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	45-49
32429710-8	2020	Furthermore, PLD inhibited the activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB pathway in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	50-55
32429710-8	2020	Furthermore, PLD inhibited the activation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappaB pathway in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	56-65
32429710-9	2020	Overexpression of TLR4 reversed the protective effects of PLD on MPP+-treated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	18-22
32429710-10	2020	Collectively, PLD protected BV-2 cells from MPP+-induced inflammatory response via regulating the TLR4-MyD88-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	98-102
32429710-10	2020	Collectively, PLD protected BV-2 cells from MPP+-induced inflammatory response via regulating the TLR4-MyD88-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	103-108
32429710-10	2020	Collectively, PLD protected BV-2 cells from MPP+-induced inflammatory response via regulating the TLR4-MyD88-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	109-118
32905883-5	2020	Live intravital imaging of the intact zebrafish CNS at cellular resolution showed unequivocally that alpha-Synuclein amplified dynamic cytoplasmic peroxide flux in dopaminergic neurons following exposure to the mitochondrial complex I inhibitors MPP+ or rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	246-250	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	101-116
32666227-0	2020	CDK4 and CDK5 Inhibition Have Comparable Mild Hypothermia Effects in Preventing Drp1-Dependent Mitochondrial Fission and Neuron Death Induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-148	cyclin dependent kinase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
32666227-0	2020	CDK4 and CDK5 Inhibition Have Comparable Mild Hypothermia Effects in Preventing Drp1-Dependent Mitochondrial Fission and Neuron Death Induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-148	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	9-13
32666227-0	2020	CDK4 and CDK5 Inhibition Have Comparable Mild Hypothermia Effects in Preventing Drp1-Dependent Mitochondrial Fission and Neuron Death Induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-148	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	80-84
32666227-8	2020	Treatment with hypothermia, or a selective CDK4 inhibitor, or roscovitine (CDK5 inhibitor) prevented MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission, upregulation of mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and neuron death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	cyclin-dependent kinase 4	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
32666227-8	2020	Treatment with hypothermia, or a selective CDK4 inhibitor, or roscovitine (CDK5 inhibitor) prevented MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission, upregulation of mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and neuron death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	75-79
32666227-8	2020	Treatment with hypothermia, or a selective CDK4 inhibitor, or roscovitine (CDK5 inhibitor) prevented MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission, upregulation of mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and neuron death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	183-208
32666227-8	2020	Treatment with hypothermia, or a selective CDK4 inhibitor, or roscovitine (CDK5 inhibitor) prevented MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission, upregulation of mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), and neuron death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	210-214
32666227-9	2020	In addition, overexpression of dominant negative mutant Drp1K38A improved MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission while overexpression of wild-type Drp1 blunted the prevention of mitochondrial fission by hypothermia as well as CDK4 inhibitor and roscovitine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	56-60
32666227-9	2020	In addition, overexpression of dominant negative mutant Drp1K38A improved MPP+-induced mitochondrial fission while overexpression of wild-type Drp1 blunted the prevention of mitochondrial fission by hypothermia as well as CDK4 inhibitor and roscovitine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	cyclin-dependent kinase 4	Rattus norvegicus	222-226
32666227-10	2020	These results elucidate that hypothermia may inhibit CDK4 and CDK5 activation by upregulating p27 and p35 expression to prevent Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and neuron loss after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-191	cyclin-dependent kinase 4	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
32666227-10	2020	These results elucidate that hypothermia may inhibit CDK4 and CDK5 activation by upregulating p27 and p35 expression to prevent Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and neuron loss after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-191	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	62-66
32666227-10	2020	These results elucidate that hypothermia may inhibit CDK4 and CDK5 activation by upregulating p27 and p35 expression to prevent Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and neuron loss after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-191	dynactin subunit 6	Homo sapiens	94-97
32666227-10	2020	These results elucidate that hypothermia may inhibit CDK4 and CDK5 activation by upregulating p27 and p35 expression to prevent Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and neuron loss after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-191	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
32666227-10	2020	These results elucidate that hypothermia may inhibit CDK4 and CDK5 activation by upregulating p27 and p35 expression to prevent Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and neuron loss after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-191	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	128-132
32761446-10	2020	This study demonstrates that calpain inhibition is a prospective route for neuroprotection in experimental PD; moreover, calpain inhibitor SJA6017 appears to be an effective neuroprotective agent against MPP+-induced damage in spinal motoneurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	calpastatin	Homo sapiens	121-138
32968928-6	2021	LncRNA HOTAIR was upregulated in PD mice and MPP+ induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	HOX transcript antisense RNA (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	7-13
32968928-9	2021	Further, lncRNA HOTAIR positively regulated ELAVL1 expression by targeting miR-326, and downregulation of HOTAIR or ELAVL1 notably suppressed promotive effects of miR-326 inhibitor on MPP+ induced pyroptosis via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	16-22
32968928-9	2021	Further, lncRNA HOTAIR positively regulated ELAVL1 expression by targeting miR-326, and downregulation of HOTAIR or ELAVL1 notably suppressed promotive effects of miR-326 inhibitor on MPP+ induced pyroptosis via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	ELAV like RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	44-50
32968928-9	2021	Further, lncRNA HOTAIR positively regulated ELAVL1 expression by targeting miR-326, and downregulation of HOTAIR or ELAVL1 notably suppressed promotive effects of miR-326 inhibitor on MPP+ induced pyroptosis via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	106-112
32968928-9	2021	Further, lncRNA HOTAIR positively regulated ELAVL1 expression by targeting miR-326, and downregulation of HOTAIR or ELAVL1 notably suppressed promotive effects of miR-326 inhibitor on MPP+ induced pyroptosis via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	ELAV like RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	116-122
32968928-9	2021	Further, lncRNA HOTAIR positively regulated ELAVL1 expression by targeting miR-326, and downregulation of HOTAIR or ELAVL1 notably suppressed promotive effects of miR-326 inhibitor on MPP+ induced pyroptosis via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	microRNA 326	Homo sapiens	163-170
32968928-9	2021	Further, lncRNA HOTAIR positively regulated ELAVL1 expression by targeting miR-326, and downregulation of HOTAIR or ELAVL1 notably suppressed promotive effects of miR-326 inhibitor on MPP+ induced pyroptosis via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	226-231
32887693-3	2020	In the mechanism of protection, Ubc9 overexpression significantly suppressed the MPP+ or PFF-induced ROS generation, while Ubc9-RNAi enhanced the toxicity-induced ROS production.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I	Mus musculus	32-36
32887693-11	2020	Here, we demonstrate that high levels of SUMOylation mediated by Ubc9 overexpression protect dopaminergic cells from MPTP- (MPP+) or PFF-induced toxicities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I	Mus musculus	65-69
32968192-0	2020	The S-nitrosylation of parkin attenuated the ubiquitination of divalent metal transporter 1 in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	solute carrier family 11 member 2	Homo sapiens	63-91
33071725-0	2020	Knockdown of SNHG14 Alleviates MPP+-Induced Injury in the Cell Model of Parkinson"s Disease by Targeting the miR-214-3p/KLF4 Axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	13-19
33071725-0	2020	Knockdown of SNHG14 Alleviates MPP+-Induced Injury in the Cell Model of Parkinson"s Disease by Targeting the miR-214-3p/KLF4 Axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	120-124
33071725-10	2020	SNHG14 knockdown ameliorated MPP+-stimulated damage in SK-N-SH cells, as evidenced by the enhancement in cell viability and the suppression in cell apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	0-6
33071725-11	2020	Mechanistically, SNHG14 directly targeted miR-214-3p via binding to miR-214-3p, and SNHG14 knockdown protected SK-N-SH cell from MPP+-stimulated cytotoxicity by upregulating miR-214-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	17-23
33071725-11	2020	Mechanistically, SNHG14 directly targeted miR-214-3p via binding to miR-214-3p, and SNHG14 knockdown protected SK-N-SH cell from MPP+-stimulated cytotoxicity by upregulating miR-214-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	84-90
33071725-13	2020	Furthermore, miR-214-3p overexpression alleviated MPP+-stimulated damage in SK-N-SH cells by downregulating KLF4.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	108-112
33071725-14	2020	Conclusion: Our current study first demonstrated the protective effect of SNHG14 knockdown on MPP+-stimulated cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells at least partially by targeting the miR-214-3p/KLF4 axis, illuminating a promising target for PD intervention and treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	74-80
33071725-14	2020	Conclusion: Our current study first demonstrated the protective effect of SNHG14 knockdown on MPP+-stimulated cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells at least partially by targeting the miR-214-3p/KLF4 axis, illuminating a promising target for PD intervention and treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	microRNA 214	Homo sapiens	176-183
33071725-14	2020	Conclusion: Our current study first demonstrated the protective effect of SNHG14 knockdown on MPP+-stimulated cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells at least partially by targeting the miR-214-3p/KLF4 axis, illuminating a promising target for PD intervention and treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	187-191
32532423-3	2020	In this study, we demonstrated that 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+), rotenone and paraquat, which cause dopaminergic neuronal cell death, increased PRMT1 expression in dopaminergic cell line.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	158-163
32532423-5	2020	MPP+-induced cell death was attenuated by PRMT1 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	42-47
32915867-10	2020	The Apela mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated in primary hepatocytes treated with 17beta-estradiol (p <= 0.05), and could be effectively inhibited by estrogen receptor antagonists MPP, ICI 182780 and tamoxifen.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-191	apelin receptor early endogenous ligand	Gallus gallus	4-9
32915867-10	2020	The Apela mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated in primary hepatocytes treated with 17beta-estradiol (p <= 0.05), and could be effectively inhibited by estrogen receptor antagonists MPP, ICI 182780 and tamoxifen.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-191	estrogen receptor 1	Gallus gallus	158-175
32944011-11	2020	GB and GBHC-4 pretreatment could significantly reverse MPP+ -induced CLIC4 expression and translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus of MN9D cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	chloride intracellular channel 4 (mitochondrial)	Mus musculus	69-74
33101193-9	2020	The ERalpha antagonist MPP, but not the ERbeta antagonist PHTPP, reduced electroencephalography-detectable seizures and normalized the Nkcc1/Kcc2 mRNA ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-26	solute carrier family 12 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
33101193-9	2020	The ERalpha antagonist MPP, but not the ERbeta antagonist PHTPP, reduced electroencephalography-detectable seizures and normalized the Nkcc1/Kcc2 mRNA ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-26	solute carrier family 12 member 5	Rattus norvegicus	141-145
33101193-9	2020	The ERalpha antagonist MPP, but not the ERbeta antagonist PHTPP, reduced electroencephalography-detectable seizures and normalized the Nkcc1/Kcc2 mRNA ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-26	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-11
32485229-7	2020	Moreover, neuroprotective effect against dopaminergic cell loss was demonstrated upon the inhibition of Serping1 expression by siRNA in the MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium)- treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	140-144	serpin family G member 1	Homo sapiens	104-112
32787548-9	2020	In a word, H2S ameliorated SIRT1 activity through acceleration of SIRT1 sulfhydration to increase the autophagy flux and attenuate damage of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP~+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-169	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
32787548-9	2020	In a word, H2S ameliorated SIRT1 activity through acceleration of SIRT1 sulfhydration to increase the autophagy flux and attenuate damage of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP~+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-169	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
32687247-15	2020	Altogether, NORAD played a neuroprotective role against the progression of MPP+ -induced PD model in neuroblastoma cells relying on the miR-204-5p/SLC5A3 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	solute carrier family 5 member 3	Homo sapiens	147-153
32846898-7	2020	CDCA increased OCT2 transport activity via an increased maximal transport rate of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	15-19
32569790-5	2020	MPP+ also hyperpolarized the membrane potential, inhibited the evoked firing activity and reduced the amplitude of the inward rectification characteristic (Sag) in dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	S-antigen visual arrestin	Homo sapiens	156-159
32524997-5	2020	The nuclear translocation of AIF is enhanced by treatment with MPP, an ERalpha antagonist, and blocked with PPT, an ERalpha agonist.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-66	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
32524997-5	2020	The nuclear translocation of AIF is enhanced by treatment with MPP, an ERalpha antagonist, and blocked with PPT, an ERalpha agonist.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-66	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	71-78
32407858-5	2020	Treatment with BPA or estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) antagonist MPP, but not ERbeta antagonist PHTPP inhibited E2-induced AVPV-kisspeptin expression in ovariectomized mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-70	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	22-45
32497626-7	2020	Further study revealed that the treatment of estrogen receptor alpha antagonist MPP induced apoptosis and blocked the stimulation of GLP-1 production by silychristin A through the activation of Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway in GLUTag cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-83	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	45-68
32497626-7	2020	Further study revealed that the treatment of estrogen receptor alpha antagonist MPP induced apoptosis and blocked the stimulation of GLP-1 production by silychristin A through the activation of Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway in GLUTag cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-83	glucagon	Mus musculus	133-138
32497626-7	2020	Further study revealed that the treatment of estrogen receptor alpha antagonist MPP induced apoptosis and blocked the stimulation of GLP-1 production by silychristin A through the activation of Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway in GLUTag cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-83	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	194-198
32497626-7	2020	Further study revealed that the treatment of estrogen receptor alpha antagonist MPP induced apoptosis and blocked the stimulation of GLP-1 production by silychristin A through the activation of Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway in GLUTag cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-83	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	199-203
32497626-7	2020	Further study revealed that the treatment of estrogen receptor alpha antagonist MPP induced apoptosis and blocked the stimulation of GLP-1 production by silychristin A through the activation of Nrf2-HO-1/SOD2 pathway in GLUTag cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-83	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	204-208
33013268-0	2020	LncRNA HOTAIR promotes MPP+-induced neuronal injury in Parkinson"s disease by regulating the miR-874-5p/ATG10 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	7-13
33013268-0	2020	LncRNA HOTAIR promotes MPP+-induced neuronal injury in Parkinson"s disease by regulating the miR-874-5p/ATG10 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	microRNA 874	Homo sapiens	93-100
33013268-0	2020	LncRNA HOTAIR promotes MPP+-induced neuronal injury in Parkinson"s disease by regulating the miR-874-5p/ATG10 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	autophagy related 10	Homo sapiens	104-109
33013268-11	2020	HOTAIR and ATG10 were up-regulated, and miR-874-5p was down-regulated in dose- and time-dependent manners in MPP+-treated SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	microRNA 874	Homo sapiens	40-47
33013268-12	2020	HOTAIR knockdown reduced MPP+-induced neuronal damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	0-6
33013268-14	2020	Also, miR-874-5p attenuated MPP+-triggered neuronal damage by targeting ATG10.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	microRNA 874	Homo sapiens	6-13
33013268-14	2020	Also, miR-874-5p attenuated MPP+-triggered neuronal damage by targeting ATG10.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	autophagy related 10	Homo sapiens	72-77
33013268-16	2020	HOTAIR promoted MPP+-induced neuronal injury via modulating the miR-874-5p/ATG10 axis in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	0-6
33013268-16	2020	HOTAIR promoted MPP+-induced neuronal injury via modulating the miR-874-5p/ATG10 axis in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	microRNA 874	Homo sapiens	64-71
33013268-16	2020	HOTAIR promoted MPP+-induced neuronal injury via modulating the miR-874-5p/ATG10 axis in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	autophagy related 10	Homo sapiens	75-80
32016637-8	2020	Biochemical experiments suggested that the p25/Cdk5 pathway was activated in an MPP+-induced cell culture model and MPTP-induced mouse model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-84	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	43-46
32016637-8	2020	Biochemical experiments suggested that the p25/Cdk5 pathway was activated in an MPP+-induced cell culture model and MPTP-induced mouse model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-84	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	47-51
32535761-0	2020	Glutathione Depletion and Parkinsonian Neurotoxin MPP+-Induced TRPM2 Channel Activation Play Central Roles in Oxidative Cytotoxicity and Inflammation in Microglia.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Mus musculus	63-68
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	67-72
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	caspase 3	Mus musculus	74-83
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	caspase 9	Mus musculus	88-97
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	123-131
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	133-142
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	144-148
32535761-6	2020	MPP-induced increases in apoptosis, death, OS, lipid peroxidation, PARP1, caspase-3 and caspase-9, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6), and intracellular free Zn2+ and Ca2+ levels in the microglia of TRPM2-WT mice were further increased by the BSO treatment, although they were diminished by the GSH treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Mus musculus	215-220
32649311-2	2020	Here we examine whether activation of the Keap1-Nrf2 cascade can protect SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells from MPP+-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
32649311-5	2020	CBR-470-1 neuroprotection is dependent upon Nrf2, as Nrf2 shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Nrf2 knockout, abolished CBR-470-1-induced SH-SY5Y cytoprotection against MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
32649311-6	2020	Consistent with these findings, PGK1 depletion or knockout mimicked CBR-470-1-induced actions and rendered SH-SY5Y cells resistant to MPP+-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-138	phosphoglycerate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
32356199-4	2020	Our results showed that H19 was down-regulated in brain tissue of MPTP-induced PD mice (in vivo) and in MPP+ treated human neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript	Mus musculus	24-27
32356199-7	2020	In vitro results indicated that H19 inhibited the apoptosis of MPP+ treated neuroblastoma cells by regulating of miR-585-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript	Homo sapiens	32-35
32356199-9	2020	In summary, our present research demonstrated that LncRNA H19 could attenuate neurons apoptosis in MPTP-induced PD mice as well as MPP+ treated neuroblastoma cells through regulating miR-585-3p/PIK3R3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript	Mus musculus	58-61
32356199-9	2020	In summary, our present research demonstrated that LncRNA H19 could attenuate neurons apoptosis in MPTP-induced PD mice as well as MPP+ treated neuroblastoma cells through regulating miR-585-3p/PIK3R3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3	Mus musculus	194-200
32407858-5	2020	Treatment with BPA or estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) antagonist MPP, but not ERbeta antagonist PHTPP inhibited E2-induced AVPV-kisspeptin expression in ovariectomized mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-70	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	47-54
32407858-5	2020	Treatment with BPA or estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) antagonist MPP, but not ERbeta antagonist PHTPP inhibited E2-induced AVPV-kisspeptin expression in ovariectomized mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-70	KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor	Mus musculus	130-140
32184097-11	2020	CBD reduced the MPP+-induced increase of LC3 by CB2 and TRPV1 receptors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	56-61
32332095-0	2020	Chronic treatment with the complex I inhibitor MPP+ depletes endogenous PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1) via upregulation of BCL-2-associated athanogene 6.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	72-93
32332095-0	2020	Chronic treatment with the complex I inhibitor MPP+ depletes endogenous PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1) via upregulation of BCL-2-associated athanogene 6.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
32332095-0	2020	Chronic treatment with the complex I inhibitor MPP+ depletes endogenous PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1) via upregulation of BCL-2-associated athanogene 6.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	121-150
32332095-6	2020	Furthermore, Bcl2 associated athanogene 6 (BAG6, BAT3, or Scythe), a protein involved in protein quality control and degradation, was highly up-regulated during the chronic MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	173-177	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	13-41
32332095-6	2020	Furthermore, Bcl2 associated athanogene 6 (BAG6, BAT3, or Scythe), a protein involved in protein quality control and degradation, was highly up-regulated during the chronic MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	173-177	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	43-47
32332095-6	2020	Furthermore, Bcl2 associated athanogene 6 (BAG6, BAT3, or Scythe), a protein involved in protein quality control and degradation, was highly up-regulated during the chronic MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	173-177	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	49-53
32332095-6	2020	Furthermore, Bcl2 associated athanogene 6 (BAG6, BAT3, or Scythe), a protein involved in protein quality control and degradation, was highly up-regulated during the chronic MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	173-177	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	58-64
32332095-8	2020	Conversely, siRNA-mediated BAG6 knockdown prevented chronic MPP+ stress-induced loss of PINK1, reversed MPP+-provoked mitochondrial changes, increased cell viability and prevented MPP+-induced dendrite shrinkage in primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
32332095-8	2020	Conversely, siRNA-mediated BAG6 knockdown prevented chronic MPP+ stress-induced loss of PINK1, reversed MPP+-provoked mitochondrial changes, increased cell viability and prevented MPP+-induced dendrite shrinkage in primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
32332095-8	2020	Conversely, siRNA-mediated BAG6 knockdown prevented chronic MPP+ stress-induced loss of PINK1, reversed MPP+-provoked mitochondrial changes, increased cell viability and prevented MPP+-induced dendrite shrinkage in primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	BAG cochaperone 6	Homo sapiens	27-31
32184097-11	2020	CBD reduced the MPP+-induced increase of LC3 by CB2 and TRPV1 receptors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	41-44
32184097-11	2020	CBD reduced the MPP+-induced increase of LC3 by CB2 and TRPV1 receptors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	cannabinoid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	48-51
32606391-8	2020	MPP+ and rotenone clearly abrogated the IL4-induced expression of anti-inflammatory markers in mixed glial cultures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	40-43
32321640-8	2020	In MPP+-challenged mouse neurons, BD exhibited cytoprotective effects by improving the Nrf2-meditated antioxidant system and abolished the MPP+-triggered inflammatory response through hindering the activation of the NF-kappaB signal.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	3-7	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	216-225
32249647-3	2020	This study aims to investigate whether laquinimod possessesa protective effect against MPP+-induced NLRP3 activation.Materials and methods: In a variety of tests on human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells, 1-methyl-4-phenyl Pyridine (MPP+) was used to mimic the microenvironment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	100-105
32249647-4	2020	Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was measured by western blot analysis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: Laquinimod had a significant protective impact against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	181-185	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	14-19
32249647-7	2020	Consistently, laquinimod prevented MPP+-induced secretions of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-18 (IL-18).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	62-79
32249647-7	2020	Consistently, laquinimod prevented MPP+-induced secretions of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-18 (IL-18).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	81-89
32249647-7	2020	Consistently, laquinimod prevented MPP+-induced secretions of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-18 (IL-18).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	95-109
32249647-7	2020	Consistently, laquinimod prevented MPP+-induced secretions of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-18 (IL-18).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	111-116
32463919-7	2021	In this study, we found that MPP+ induced the expression of TRIM8.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	tripartite motif-containing 8	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
32486438-4	2020	The toxic effect of MPP+ in cell viability was rescued with both betaNF and EtOH treatments.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	HESX homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	65-71
32486438-6	2020	These treatments also protected complex I activity against the inhibitory effects caused by MPP+, suggesting a possible neuroprotective role for CYP inducers.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	145-148
32463919-8	2021	In addition, TRIM8 depletion was observed to alleviate MPP+-induced apoptosis and production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha by inhibition of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	tripartite motif-containing 8	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
32463919-8	2021	In addition, TRIM8 depletion was observed to alleviate MPP+-induced apoptosis and production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha by inhibition of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	96-104
32463919-8	2021	In addition, TRIM8 depletion was observed to alleviate MPP+-induced apoptosis and production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha by inhibition of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	109-118
32452827-9	2020	CONCLUSION: PGC-1alpha protects neuronal cells against MPP+-induced toxicity partially through the acetylation of PGC-1alpha mediated by GCN5, and mostly through the phosphorylation PGC-1alpha mediated by p38MAPK or AMPK.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	12-22
32452827-9	2020	CONCLUSION: PGC-1alpha protects neuronal cells against MPP+-induced toxicity partially through the acetylation of PGC-1alpha mediated by GCN5, and mostly through the phosphorylation PGC-1alpha mediated by p38MAPK or AMPK.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	114-124
32452827-9	2020	CONCLUSION: PGC-1alpha protects neuronal cells against MPP+-induced toxicity partially through the acetylation of PGC-1alpha mediated by GCN5, and mostly through the phosphorylation PGC-1alpha mediated by p38MAPK or AMPK.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	114-124
32452827-9	2020	CONCLUSION: PGC-1alpha protects neuronal cells against MPP+-induced toxicity partially through the acetylation of PGC-1alpha mediated by GCN5, and mostly through the phosphorylation PGC-1alpha mediated by p38MAPK or AMPK.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Sus scrofa	216-220
32333598-11	2020	The levels of p-JNK and cleaved caspase-3 levels were significantly reduced in astrocytes treated with MPP+ following pre-treatment with 2-aminoquinoline, which also reversed the increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	16-19
32333598-11	2020	The levels of p-JNK and cleaved caspase-3 levels were significantly reduced in astrocytes treated with MPP+ following pre-treatment with 2-aminoquinoline, which also reversed the increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	caspase 3	Mus musculus	32-41
32328619-7	2020	The PC12 cells treated with MPP+ showed mitochondrial fragmentation, up-regulated DRP1 and Fis1 protein expression levels, and down-regulated MFN2 and OPA1 protein expression levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	82-86
32333598-11	2020	The levels of p-JNK and cleaved caspase-3 levels were significantly reduced in astrocytes treated with MPP+ following pre-treatment with 2-aminoquinoline, which also reversed the increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	195-198
32328619-7	2020	The PC12 cells treated with MPP+ showed mitochondrial fragmentation, up-regulated DRP1 and Fis1 protein expression levels, and down-regulated MFN2 and OPA1 protein expression levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	fission, mitochondrial 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-95
32328619-7	2020	The PC12 cells treated with MPP+ showed mitochondrial fragmentation, up-regulated DRP1 and Fis1 protein expression levels, and down-regulated MFN2 and OPA1 protein expression levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	mitofusin 2	Rattus norvegicus	142-146
32333598-11	2020	The levels of p-JNK and cleaved caspase-3 levels were significantly reduced in astrocytes treated with MPP+ following pre-treatment with 2-aminoquinoline, which also reversed the increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	199-204
32328619-7	2020	The PC12 cells treated with MPP+ showed mitochondrial fragmentation, up-regulated DRP1 and Fis1 protein expression levels, and down-regulated MFN2 and OPA1 protein expression levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	OPA1, mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
32140823-7	2020	The introduction of miR-216a inhibited MPP + -induced neuronal apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-44	microRNA 216a	Homo sapiens	20-28
32277510-4	2020	The results indicated that the expression of DAPK1 is significantly upregulated and negatively correlated with miR-124-3p levels in SH-SY5Y cells treated by MPP+ , and miR-124-3p mimics could effectively inhibit DAPK1 expressions and alleviate MPP+ -induced cell apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	death associated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
32277510-4	2020	The results indicated that the expression of DAPK1 is significantly upregulated and negatively correlated with miR-124-3p levels in SH-SY5Y cells treated by MPP+ , and miR-124-3p mimics could effectively inhibit DAPK1 expressions and alleviate MPP+ -induced cell apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	111-121
32277510-4	2020	The results indicated that the expression of DAPK1 is significantly upregulated and negatively correlated with miR-124-3p levels in SH-SY5Y cells treated by MPP+ , and miR-124-3p mimics could effectively inhibit DAPK1 expressions and alleviate MPP+ -induced cell apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	244-248	death associated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
32277510-4	2020	The results indicated that the expression of DAPK1 is significantly upregulated and negatively correlated with miR-124-3p levels in SH-SY5Y cells treated by MPP+ , and miR-124-3p mimics could effectively inhibit DAPK1 expressions and alleviate MPP+ -induced cell apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	244-248	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	168-178
32154657-2	2020	MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPP(+)) as a tool for constructing the PD cell model, using miR-30b mimics or inhibitors to manipulate miR-30b level for an experimental model of acquisition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-80	microRNA 30b	Homo sapiens	180-187
32154657-2	2020	MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPP(+)) as a tool for constructing the PD cell model, using miR-30b mimics or inhibitors to manipulate miR-30b level for an experimental model of acquisition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-80	microRNA 30b	Homo sapiens	137-144
32265684-10	2020	Inhibition of RelA exert neuroprotection against (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) MPTP and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity, suggesting that this factor decreases neuronal resilience.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-138	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	14-18
32151238-2	2020	The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of miR-199a involved in regulating autophagy in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+)-induced in vitro model of PD.Methods: PC12 cells were incubated in MPP+, and the expression levels of miR-199a were bidirectionally regulated via either transfection of an miR-199a mimic or incubation in miR-199a inhibitors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-140	microRNA 199a-2	Rattus norvegicus	63-71
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	microRNA 199a-2	Rattus norvegicus	232-240
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	257-260
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	265-269
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Rattus norvegicus	326-358
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Rattus norvegicus	360-364
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	367-375
32151238-4	2020	MTT, CCK-8, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and linear correlation analysis were performed to evaluate various experimental indicators.Results: At increasing MPP+ concentrations, the following results were found: the expression levels of miR-199a, phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression decreased; the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II increased; PC12 autophagy increased; and cellular viability and survival rates decreased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-155	beclin 1	Rattus norvegicus	377-384
32151238-5	2020	Transfection of an miR-199a mimic increased miR-199a expression and induced all of the following: the expression levels of PTEN, GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II decreased; the expression levels of phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression increased; PC12 autophagy decreased; and cellular viability and survival rates increased.Discussion: In this in vitro study, we found that increasing miR-199a expression in PC12 cells reduced protein levels of Beclin1 and LC3II, decreased autophagy, enhanced cellular viability, increased survival rate, and ameliorated MPP+-induced parkinsonian-like cellular pathologies by targeting pro-autophagic pathways and GSK3beta to activate PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	562-566	microRNA 199a-2	Rattus norvegicus	19-27
32151238-5	2020	Transfection of an miR-199a mimic increased miR-199a expression and induced all of the following: the expression levels of PTEN, GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II decreased; the expression levels of phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression increased; PC12 autophagy decreased; and cellular viability and survival rates increased.Discussion: In this in vitro study, we found that increasing miR-199a expression in PC12 cells reduced protein levels of Beclin1 and LC3II, decreased autophagy, enhanced cellular viability, increased survival rate, and ameliorated MPP+-induced parkinsonian-like cellular pathologies by targeting pro-autophagic pathways and GSK3beta to activate PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	562-566	microRNA 199a-2	Rattus norvegicus	44-52
32151238-5	2020	Transfection of an miR-199a mimic increased miR-199a expression and induced all of the following: the expression levels of PTEN, GSK3beta, Beclin1, and LC3II decreased; the expression levels of phosphorylated AKT and mTOR proteins expression increased; PC12 autophagy decreased; and cellular viability and survival rates increased.Discussion: In this in vitro study, we found that increasing miR-199a expression in PC12 cells reduced protein levels of Beclin1 and LC3II, decreased autophagy, enhanced cellular viability, increased survival rate, and ameliorated MPP+-induced parkinsonian-like cellular pathologies by targeting pro-autophagic pathways and GSK3beta to activate PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	562-566	microRNA 199a-2	Rattus norvegicus	44-52
31997152-4	2020	Our results showed that FGF21 markedly improves cell survival in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells and primary dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	fibroblast growth factor 21	Homo sapiens	24-29
31787240-6	2020	Interestingly, upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) increased the expression of BRCC3 in HEK293 cell, while inhibition of Cdk5 decreased the upregulated BRCC3 level in MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	177-181	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	28-53
31761328-4	2020	Here, our results showed that circDLGAP4 expression was decreased in MPTP-induced PD mouse model and MPP+-induced PD cell models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	DLGAP4	Sus scrofa	30-40
31761328-5	2020	In vitro study revealed that circDLGAP4 could promote viability, reduce apoptosis, decrease mitochondrial damage, enhance autophagy and thereby attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ in SH-SY5Y and MN9D cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	181-185	DLGAP4	Sus scrofa	29-39
32059401-7	2020	The CM significantly reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased BDNF mRNA expression in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	63-67
31787240-6	2020	Interestingly, upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) increased the expression of BRCC3 in HEK293 cell, while inhibition of Cdk5 decreased the upregulated BRCC3 level in MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	177-181	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	55-59
31787240-6	2020	Interestingly, upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) increased the expression of BRCC3 in HEK293 cell, while inhibition of Cdk5 decreased the upregulated BRCC3 level in MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	177-181	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	131-135
31787240-6	2020	Interestingly, upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) increased the expression of BRCC3 in HEK293 cell, while inhibition of Cdk5 decreased the upregulated BRCC3 level in MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	177-181	BRCA1/BRCA2-containing complex subunit 3	Homo sapiens	162-167
31811458-8	2020	miR-494-3p expression was increased and BDNF level was decreased in MPP+-treated SK-N-SH and CHP 212 cells, which were reversed by introduction of PPX.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	40-44
31811458-11	2020	BDNF was validated as a target of miR-494-3p and its silence abated the suppressive effect of miR-494-3p on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
31811458-0	2020	Pramipexole Inhibits MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity by miR-494-3p/BDNF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	62-66
31811458-12	2020	Moreover, addition of miR-494-3p and silence of BDNF mitigated the effect of PPX on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	48-52
31811458-13	2020	PPX inhibited MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SK-N-SH and CHP 212 cells by decreasing miR-494-3p and increasing BDNF, indicating the potential therapeutic effect of PPX on Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	110-114
31907031-0	2020	SNHG1 promotes MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells via sponging miR-153-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
31482520-2	2020	We found that co-treatment with 100 micromol/L FeSO4 and MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) significantly increased the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased the caspase-3 activation compared to MPP+ treatment alone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	243-252
31482520-2	2020	We found that co-treatment with 100 micromol/L FeSO4 and MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) significantly increased the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased the caspase-3 activation compared to MPP+ treatment alone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-60	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	243-252
31907031-0	2020	SNHG1 promotes MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells via sponging miR-153-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	64-68
31907031-0	2020	SNHG1 promotes MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells via sponging miR-153-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	55-59
31907031-8	2020	RESULTS: Increased SNHG1 expression was found in midbrain of MPTP-induced PD mice and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	86-90	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Mus musculus	19-24
31907031-9	2020	Overexpression of SNHG1 lowered viability and enhanced apoptosis in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	18-23
31907031-11	2020	Furthermore, miR-153-3p-mediated suppression of MPP+-induced cytotoxicity was abated following SNHG1 up-regulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	95-100
31907031-0	2020	SNHG1 promotes MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells via sponging miR-153-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
31542478-10	2019	These results suggest that MPP+-induced oxidative stress stimulates AMPK, which protects SH-SY5Y cells through early activation of antioxidative Akt and late induction of cytoprotective autophagy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
31907031-13	2020	Besides, enforced expression of PTEN displayed the similar functions as SNHG1 overexpression in regulating the viability and apoptosis of MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	32-36
31907031-13	2020	Besides, enforced expression of PTEN displayed the similar functions as SNHG1 overexpression in regulating the viability and apoptosis of MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	72-77
31907031-15	2020	CONCLUSION: SNHG1 aggravates MPP+-induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling via sponging miR-153-3p, indicating the potential of SNHG1 as a promising therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
31907031-15	2020	CONCLUSION: SNHG1 aggravates MPP+-induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling via sponging miR-153-3p, indicating the potential of SNHG1 as a promising therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	91-95
31907031-15	2020	CONCLUSION: SNHG1 aggravates MPP+-induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling via sponging miR-153-3p, indicating the potential of SNHG1 as a promising therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	96-99
31907031-15	2020	CONCLUSION: SNHG1 aggravates MPP+-induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling via sponging miR-153-3p, indicating the potential of SNHG1 as a promising therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	100-104
31907031-15	2020	CONCLUSION: SNHG1 aggravates MPP+-induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by regulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling via sponging miR-153-3p, indicating the potential of SNHG1 as a promising therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	168-173
31706914-7	2020	We found that MPP+ induced a remarkable increase of NRSF expression in cultured astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	RE1-silencing transcription factor	Mus musculus	52-56
31187328-10	2019	In vitro results in colon specimens confirm that activation of Nrf2 restored MPP+-induced suppression of alpha-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	63-67
31187328-10	2019	In vitro results in colon specimens confirm that activation of Nrf2 restored MPP+-induced suppression of alpha-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	105-120
31187328-10	2019	In vitro results in colon specimens confirm that activation of Nrf2 restored MPP+-induced suppression of alpha-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	122-142
31187328-10	2019	In vitro results in colon specimens confirm that activation of Nrf2 restored MPP+-induced suppression of alpha-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	144-146
31187328-10	2019	In vitro results in colon specimens confirm that activation of Nrf2 restored MPP+-induced suppression of alpha-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	149-153
31187328-10	2019	In vitro results in colon specimens confirm that activation of Nrf2 restored MPP+-induced suppression of alpha-synuclein, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	159-175
30810907-6	2019	In this study, we examined the effect of GMF editing by using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique in BV2 microglial cells (hereafter referred to as BV2-G) on oxidative stress and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/Hemeoxygenase1 (HO-1)-dependent ferritin activation after treatment with (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	323-327	glia maturation factor beta	Homo sapiens	41-44
31542478-0	2019	AMP-activated protein kinase inhibits MPP+-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic death of SH-SY5Y cells through sequential stimulation of Akt and autophagy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-28
31542478-0	2019	AMP-activated protein kinase inhibits MPP+-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic death of SH-SY5Y cells through sequential stimulation of Akt and autophagy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
31542478-2	2019	MPP+-mediated oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptotic cell death were associated with rapid (within 2 h) activation of AMPK, its target Raptor, and prosurvival kinase Akt.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
31542478-2	2019	MPP+-mediated oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptotic cell death were associated with rapid (within 2 h) activation of AMPK, its target Raptor, and prosurvival kinase Akt.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	regulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1	Homo sapiens	158-164
31542478-2	2019	MPP+-mediated oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptotic cell death were associated with rapid (within 2 h) activation of AMPK, its target Raptor, and prosurvival kinase Akt.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	189-192
31542478-3	2019	Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and butylated hydroxyanisole suppressed MPP+-induced cytotoxicity, AMPK, and Akt activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
31542478-10	2019	These results suggest that MPP+-induced oxidative stress stimulates AMPK, which protects SH-SY5Y cells through early activation of antioxidative Akt and late induction of cytoprotective autophagy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	145-148
31542478-3	2019	Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and butylated hydroxyanisole suppressed MPP+-induced cytotoxicity, AMPK, and Akt activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
31542478-5	2019	On the other hand, genetic or pharmacological inactivation of Akt stimulated MPP+-triggered oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, but did not affect AMPK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
31421205-9	2019	Lentiviral-induced NORAD upregulation was found to protect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as it rescued MPP+-induced cellular destruction and apoptosis, as well as decreased MPP+-induced caspase 3/7, ROS and LDH activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	208-217
31542478-7	2019	MPP+ also increased the concentration of a selective autophagic target sequestosome-1/p62 and reduced the levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 and cytoplasmic acidification, suggesting that MPP+-induced autophagy was coupled with a decrease in autophagic flux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	71-85
31542478-7	2019	MPP+ also increased the concentration of a selective autophagic target sequestosome-1/p62 and reduced the levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 and cytoplasmic acidification, suggesting that MPP+-induced autophagy was coupled with a decrease in autophagic flux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
31542478-7	2019	MPP+ also increased the concentration of a selective autophagic target sequestosome-1/p62 and reduced the levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 and cytoplasmic acidification, suggesting that MPP+-induced autophagy was coupled with a decrease in autophagic flux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	lysosomal associated membrane protein 1	Homo sapiens	116-155
31542478-7	2019	MPP+ also increased the concentration of a selective autophagic target sequestosome-1/p62 and reduced the levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 and cytoplasmic acidification, suggesting that MPP+-induced autophagy was coupled with a decrease in autophagic flux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-207	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	71-85
31542478-7	2019	MPP+ also increased the concentration of a selective autophagic target sequestosome-1/p62 and reduced the levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 and cytoplasmic acidification, suggesting that MPP+-induced autophagy was coupled with a decrease in autophagic flux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-207	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
31542478-7	2019	MPP+ also increased the concentration of a selective autophagic target sequestosome-1/p62 and reduced the levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 and cytoplasmic acidification, suggesting that MPP+-induced autophagy was coupled with a decrease in autophagic flux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-207	lysosomal associated membrane protein 1	Homo sapiens	116-155
31499060-6	2019	Furthermore, silencing SNHG1 promoted autophagy and prevented MPP+-induced cell death, similar to the overexpression of the miR-221/222 cluster.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-66	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
31499060-8	2019	In conclusion, these results demonstrated that downregulation of SNHG1 attenuated MPP+-induced decreases in LC3-II (an autophagic marker) levels and cytotoxicity through the miR-221/222/p27/mTOR pathway, suggesting that SNHG1 may be a therapeutic target for neuroprotection and disease treatment in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
31499060-8	2019	In conclusion, these results demonstrated that downregulation of SNHG1 attenuated MPP+-induced decreases in LC3-II (an autophagic marker) levels and cytotoxicity through the miR-221/222/p27/mTOR pathway, suggesting that SNHG1 may be a therapeutic target for neuroprotection and disease treatment in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	microRNA 221	Homo sapiens	174-181
31499060-8	2019	In conclusion, these results demonstrated that downregulation of SNHG1 attenuated MPP+-induced decreases in LC3-II (an autophagic marker) levels and cytotoxicity through the miR-221/222/p27/mTOR pathway, suggesting that SNHG1 may be a therapeutic target for neuroprotection and disease treatment in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	dynactin subunit 6	Homo sapiens	186-189
31499060-8	2019	In conclusion, these results demonstrated that downregulation of SNHG1 attenuated MPP+-induced decreases in LC3-II (an autophagic marker) levels and cytotoxicity through the miR-221/222/p27/mTOR pathway, suggesting that SNHG1 may be a therapeutic target for neuroprotection and disease treatment in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	190-194
31499060-8	2019	In conclusion, these results demonstrated that downregulation of SNHG1 attenuated MPP+-induced decreases in LC3-II (an autophagic marker) levels and cytotoxicity through the miR-221/222/p27/mTOR pathway, suggesting that SNHG1 may be a therapeutic target for neuroprotection and disease treatment in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	220-225
31421205-9	2019	Lentiviral-induced NORAD upregulation was found to protect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as it rescued MPP+-induced cellular destruction and apoptosis, as well as decreased MPP+-induced caspase 3/7, ROS and LDH activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	125-129	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	208-217
31421205-9	2019	Lentiviral-induced NORAD upregulation was found to protect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as it rescued MPP+-induced cellular destruction and apoptosis, as well as decreased MPP+-induced caspase 3/7, ROS and LDH activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	125-129	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	208-217
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	35-45
31661838-0	2019	Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 3 is Critical for alpha-Synuclein Uptake and MPP+-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cultured Dopaminergic Neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	fatty acid binding protein 3, muscle and heart	Mus musculus	0-28
31661838-7	2019	The formation of filamentous alpha-Synuclein inclusions following treatment with MPP+ was observed only in FABP3+/+, and not in FABP3-/- neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	29-44
31661838-7	2019	The formation of filamentous alpha-Synuclein inclusions following treatment with MPP+ was observed only in FABP3+/+, and not in FABP3-/- neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	fatty acid binding protein 3, muscle and heart	Mus musculus	107-112
31661838-9	2019	Moreover, FABP3 was also critical for MPP+-induced reduction of mitochondrial activity and the production of reactive oxygen species.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	fatty acid binding protein 3, muscle and heart	Mus musculus	10-15
31342299-0	2019	SC79, a novel Akt activator, protects dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP+ and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	estrogen related receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	212-243
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	estrogen related receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	245-253
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Homo sapiens	256-284
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Homo sapiens	286-291
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	GA binding protein transcription factor subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	294-322
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	324-329
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	335-383
31634150-3	2019	We recently reported that altering PGC-1alpha gene expression modulates mitochondrial functions in N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, possibly via the regulation of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	385-394
31306618-4	2019	Furthermore, Apelin-36 reversed the MPTP/MPP+-induced loss of TH expression and the induction of alpha-synuclein expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-45	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	97-112
30472912-5	2019	In vitro uptake tests showed that jatrorrhizine strongly inhibited PMAT-mediated MPP+ uptake with an IC50 value of 1.05 muM and reduced 5-HT and NE uptake mediated by hOCT2, hOCT3 and hPMAT with IC50 values of 0.1-1 muM (for OCT2 and OCT3) and 1-10 muM (for PMAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), member 4	Mus musculus	67-71
31402119-0	2019	Extracellular microvesicles-derived from microglia treated with unaggregated alpha-synuclein attenuate mitochondrial fission and toxicity-induced by Parkinsonian toxin MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	168-171	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	77-92
31351185-5	2019	Both in MPTP-treated mice and MPP+-treated rats, blood-brain barrier (BBB) was disrupted and IL-17A level increased in the SN but not in cortex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	interleukin 17A	Rattus norvegicus	93-99
31351185-13	2019	Further, TNF-alpha-neutralizing antibody attenuated MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	9-18
31283965-5	2019	The results showed that TRB3 was markedly upregulated in MPP+-induced cellular model through ATF4/CHOP pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	tribbles pseudokinase 3	Mus musculus	24-28
31283965-5	2019	The results showed that TRB3 was markedly upregulated in MPP+-induced cellular model through ATF4/CHOP pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	activating transcription factor 4	Mus musculus	93-97
31283965-5	2019	The results showed that TRB3 was markedly upregulated in MPP+-induced cellular model through ATF4/CHOP pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Mus musculus	98-102
31283965-6	2019	Knockdown of TRB3 significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability, augment of cell apoptosis and accumulation of ROS, inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and promoted the phosphorylation of AKT, in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	tribbles pseudokinase 3	Mus musculus	13-17
31283965-6	2019	Knockdown of TRB3 significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability, augment of cell apoptosis and accumulation of ROS, inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and promoted the phosphorylation of AKT, in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	172-175
31283965-6	2019	Knockdown of TRB3 significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability, augment of cell apoptosis and accumulation of ROS, inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and promoted the phosphorylation of AKT, in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	180-183
31283965-6	2019	Knockdown of TRB3 significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability, augment of cell apoptosis and accumulation of ROS, inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and promoted the phosphorylation of AKT, in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	221-224
31283965-8	2019	In conclusion, knockdown of TRB3 has a neuroprotective effect on MPTP/MPP+-induced PD cellular and mice models, through regulating MAPK and AKT signaling pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	tribbles pseudokinase 3	Mus musculus	28-32
31480724-5	2019	Fucoidan increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1alpha) and protected the cells from MPP+-induced apoptosis by upregulating the 5" adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-PGC-1alpha axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Sus scrofa	194-242
31480724-7	2019	These results indicated that fucoidan protects SH-SY5Y cells from mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death caused by MPP+ treatment, via the AMPK-PGC-1alpha axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-121	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	141-145
31480724-7	2019	These results indicated that fucoidan protects SH-SY5Y cells from mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death caused by MPP+ treatment, via the AMPK-PGC-1alpha axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-121	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	146-156
31175966-0	2019	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor is involved in the neuroprotective effect of IGF-1 against MPTP/MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	18-35
31583052-11	2019	In conclusion, Sal may confer neuroprotective effects by enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in MPP+/MPTP-induced PD models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	67-72
31069623-0	2019	FTY720 Inhibits MPP+-Induced Microglial Activation by Affecting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	64-69
31069623-9	2019	Moreover, in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells and primary microglia, FTY720 treatment significantly attenuated the increases in the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta, reduced ROS generation and p65 activation, and also inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	147-150
31069623-9	2019	Moreover, in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells and primary microglia, FTY720 treatment significantly attenuated the increases in the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta, reduced ROS generation and p65 activation, and also inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Mus musculus	151-160
31069623-9	2019	Moreover, in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells and primary microglia, FTY720 treatment significantly attenuated the increases in the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta, reduced ROS generation and p65 activation, and also inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	189-192
31069623-9	2019	Moreover, in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells and primary microglia, FTY720 treatment significantly attenuated the increases in the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta, reduced ROS generation and p65 activation, and also inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	242-247
31069623-9	2019	Moreover, in MPP+-treated BV-2 cells and primary microglia, FTY720 treatment significantly attenuated the increases in the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta, reduced ROS generation and p65 activation, and also inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	caspase 1	Mus musculus	265-274
31175966-8	2019	Moreover, IGF-1 pretreatment enhanced cell survival against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
31175966-9	2019	IGF-1 exerted anti-apoptotic effects by restoring MPP+-induced changes of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions as well as mitochondria membrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
31175966-9	2019	IGF-1 exerted anti-apoptotic effects by restoring MPP+-induced changes of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions as well as mitochondria membrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	74-79
31175966-9	2019	IGF-1 exerted anti-apoptotic effects by restoring MPP+-induced changes of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions as well as mitochondria membrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	84-87
31175966-12	2019	Overall, we show for the first time that GPER may contribute to the neuroprotective effects of IGF-1 against MPTP/MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
31175966-12	2019	Overall, we show for the first time that GPER may contribute to the neuroprotective effects of IGF-1 against MPTP/MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	95-100
31175966-0	2019	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor is involved in the neuroprotective effect of IGF-1 against MPTP/MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	81-86
31004593-0	2019	Long non-coding RNA-p21 regulates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting miR-625 and derepressing TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	20-23
31253394-9	2019	In addition, depletion of HuR suppressed the generation of mitochondrial ROS and cytotoxicity in MPP+ treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	97-101	ELAV like RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
31452956-4	2019	Here, we report that in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced culture models of PD, the buffering of cytosolic Ca2+ by calbindin-D28 overexpression or treatment with a chemical Ca2+ chelator reversed impaired autophagic flux, protecting cells against MPP+-mediated neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	calbindin 1	Homo sapiens	124-137
31452956-4	2019	Here, we report that in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced culture models of PD, the buffering of cytosolic Ca2+ by calbindin-D28 overexpression or treatment with a chemical Ca2+ chelator reversed impaired autophagic flux, protecting cells against MPP+-mediated neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	256-260	calbindin 1	Homo sapiens	124-137
31452956-6	2019	In addition, the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and p62-positive ubiquitinated protein aggregates, following MPP+ intoxication, was alleviated by cytosolic Ca2+ buffering.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	58-61
31376345-10	2019	Besides, SIP inhibited MPP+-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress, evidenced by decreased levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-alpha and IL-1ss), reduced ROS generation and enhanced SOD activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	135-144
30734931-0	2019	Pink1 regulates FKBP5 interaction with AKT/PHLPP and protects neurons from neurotoxin stress induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-107	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	0-5
30734931-0	2019	Pink1 regulates FKBP5 interaction with AKT/PHLPP and protects neurons from neurotoxin stress induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-107	FK506 binding protein 5	Mus musculus	16-21
30734931-0	2019	Pink1 regulates FKBP5 interaction with AKT/PHLPP and protects neurons from neurotoxin stress induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-107	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	39-42
30734931-0	2019	Pink1 regulates FKBP5 interaction with AKT/PHLPP and protects neurons from neurotoxin stress induced by MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-107	PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1	Mus musculus	43-48
30734931-5	2019	We provide evidence using primary cortical cultured neurons from Pink1-deficient mice that Pink1 increases AKT phosphorylation at Serine 473 (Ser473) challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) and that over-expression of FKBP5 using an adeno-associated virus delivery system negatively regulates AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 in murine-cultured cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	65-70
30734931-5	2019	We provide evidence using primary cortical cultured neurons from Pink1-deficient mice that Pink1 increases AKT phosphorylation at Serine 473 (Ser473) challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) and that over-expression of FKBP5 using an adeno-associated virus delivery system negatively regulates AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 in murine-cultured cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	91-96
30734931-5	2019	We provide evidence using primary cortical cultured neurons from Pink1-deficient mice that Pink1 increases AKT phosphorylation at Serine 473 (Ser473) challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) and that over-expression of FKBP5 using an adeno-associated virus delivery system negatively regulates AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 in murine-cultured cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	107-110
30734931-5	2019	We provide evidence using primary cortical cultured neurons from Pink1-deficient mice that Pink1 increases AKT phosphorylation at Serine 473 (Ser473) challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) and that over-expression of FKBP5 using an adeno-associated virus delivery system negatively regulates AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 in murine-cultured cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	FK506 binding protein 5	Mus musculus	228-233
30734931-5	2019	We provide evidence using primary cortical cultured neurons from Pink1-deficient mice that Pink1 increases AKT phosphorylation at Serine 473 (Ser473) challenged by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) and that over-expression of FKBP5 using an adeno-associated virus delivery system negatively regulates AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 in murine-cultured cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	303-306
31004593-0	2019	Long non-coding RNA-p21 regulates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting miR-625 and derepressing TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	microRNA 625	Homo sapiens	76-83
31004593-0	2019	Long non-coding RNA-p21 regulates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting miR-625 and derepressing TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	101-106
31004593-4	2019	Here, the results showed that lnc-p21 was highly expressed in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	34-37
31004593-6	2019	Furthermore, knockdown of lnc-p21 mitigated MPP+-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS generation, increase in SOD activity and decline in TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	30-33
31004593-6	2019	Furthermore, knockdown of lnc-p21 mitigated MPP+-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS generation, increase in SOD activity and decline in TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	185-194
31004593-6	2019	Furthermore, knockdown of lnc-p21 mitigated MPP+-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS generation, increase in SOD activity and decline in TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	196-204
31004593-6	2019	Furthermore, knockdown of lnc-p21 mitigated MPP+-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS generation, increase in SOD activity and decline in TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	209-213
31004593-9	2019	lnc-p21 overturned the inhibitory effect of miR-625 on MPP+-induced neuronal injury in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	4-7
31004593-9	2019	lnc-p21 overturned the inhibitory effect of miR-625 on MPP+-induced neuronal injury in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	microRNA 625	Homo sapiens	44-51
31004593-10	2019	Additionally, lnc-p21 positively regulated TRPM2 expression by targeting miR-625, and knockdown of TRPM2 inhibited MPP+-induced neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	18-21
31004593-10	2019	Additionally, lnc-p21 positively regulated TRPM2 expression by targeting miR-625, and knockdown of TRPM2 inhibited MPP+-induced neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	99-104
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	40-43
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	microRNA 625	Homo sapiens	44-51
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	52-57
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	86-89
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	microRNA 625	Homo sapiens	143-150
31004593-11	2019	Overall, our study identified a new lnc-p21-miR-625-TRPM2 regulatory network that lnc-p21 regulated MPP + -induced neuronal injury by sponging miR-625 and upregulating TRPM2 in SH-SY5Y cells, which provide a better understanding for the pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-105	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	168-173
31000327-8	2019	Moreover, BMP2 treatment promoted neurite growth in both SH-SY5Y cells and VM neurons, treated with the neurotoxins 6-OHDA or MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-130	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Homo sapiens	10-14
30218400-7	2019	Using dopaminergic N27 neurons, primary neurons from wild type (WT), and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice, we show that GMF and MPP+ enhanced expression of MAPKs increased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (p-PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	171-200
30218400-7	2019	Using dopaminergic N27 neurons, primary neurons from wild type (WT), and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice, we show that GMF and MPP+ enhanced expression of MAPKs increased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (p-PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	202-206
30218400-7	2019	Using dopaminergic N27 neurons, primary neurons from wild type (WT), and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice, we show that GMF and MPP+ enhanced expression of MAPKs increased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (p-PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	276-333
30218400-7	2019	Using dopaminergic N27 neurons, primary neurons from wild type (WT), and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice, we show that GMF and MPP+ enhanced expression of MAPKs increased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (p-PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	337-341
30218400-7	2019	Using dopaminergic N27 neurons, primary neurons from wild type (WT), and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice, we show that GMF and MPP+ enhanced expression of MAPKs increased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers such as phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (p-PERK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1alpha).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1	Homo sapiens	381-390
30826419-10	2019	Results showed miR-9-5p was upregulated and SIRT1 was downregulated in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells in dose- and time- dependent manners.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	microRNA 95	Homo sapiens	15-23
31059012-10	2019	Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SFN reversed the reduction of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 expression induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
31059012-10	2019	Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SFN reversed the reduction of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 expression induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
31059012-10	2019	Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SFN reversed the reduction of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 expression induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
31059012-11	2019	CONCLUSION: SFN may protect PC12 cells from MPP+-induced damage via activating the Nrf2-ARE (antioxidant responsive element) pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
31146332-8	2019	Furthermore, MMPP inhibited STAT3 activity and expression of neuroinflammatory proteins, including ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+; 0.5 mM)-treated primary cultured cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-17	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	28-33
31146332-8	2019	Furthermore, MMPP inhibited STAT3 activity and expression of neuroinflammatory proteins, including ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+; 0.5 mM)-treated primary cultured cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-17	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	150-181
31146332-8	2019	Furthermore, MMPP inhibited STAT3 activity and expression of neuroinflammatory proteins, including ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+; 0.5 mM)-treated primary cultured cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-17	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Mus musculus	194-225
31146332-8	2019	Furthermore, MMPP inhibited STAT3 activity and expression of neuroinflammatory proteins, including ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+; 0.5 mM)-treated primary cultured cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-17	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Mus musculus	227-231
30826419-10	2019	Results showed miR-9-5p was upregulated and SIRT1 was downregulated in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells in dose- and time- dependent manners.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
30826419-11	2019	miR-9-5p knockdown attenuated MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as evidenced by the enhancement in cell viability, and the suppression in cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	microRNA 95	Homo sapiens	0-8
30826419-13	2019	Restoration of miR-9-5p aggravated SIRT1-attenuated neurotoxicity in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	microRNA 95	Homo sapiens	15-23
30826419-13	2019	Restoration of miR-9-5p aggravated SIRT1-attenuated neurotoxicity in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
30826419-14	2019	Our data suggested these data indicated that miR-9-5p exerted a neurotoxic role in MPP+-derived PD by directly targeting STAT1, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for patients troubled by PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	microRNA 95	Homo sapiens	45-53
30826419-14	2019	Our data suggested these data indicated that miR-9-5p exerted a neurotoxic role in MPP+-derived PD by directly targeting STAT1, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for patients troubled by PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	121-126
30905782-10	2019	In addition, the activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway induced by MPP+ was significantly inhibited by Apelin36.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
30818055-0	2019	Inhibition of PDE4 by FCPR16 induces AMPK-dependent autophagy and confers neuroprotection in SH-SY5Y cells and neurons exposed to MPP+-induced oxidative insult.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	14-18
30818055-8	2019	In SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, we found that FCPR16 increased the level of LC3-II, and 3-MA attenuated the protective effect of FCPR16 against MPP+-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	80-83
30818055-10	2019	Importantly, we also found that FCPR16 phosphorylated and thus activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	73-101
30818055-10	2019	Importantly, we also found that FCPR16 phosphorylated and thus activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
30796974-5	2019	Treatment of cells with Parkinsonian mimetic, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+); oxidants, such as H2O2 and methylglyoxal (MGO) lead to a dose-dependent decrease in the levels of DJ-1 with a concomitant increase in CML-syn.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	184-188
30905782-0	2019	Apelin-36 exerts the cytoprotective effect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells through PI3K/Akt/mTOR autophagy pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	107-110
30905782-0	2019	Apelin-36 exerts the cytoprotective effect against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells through PI3K/Akt/mTOR autophagy pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	111-115
30905782-10	2019	In addition, the activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway induced by MPP+ was significantly inhibited by Apelin36.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	36-40
30905782-13	2019	SIGNIFICANCE: Our results demonstrated that Apelin-36 protects against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity through PI3K/Akt/mTOR autophagy pathway in PD model in vitro, which provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
30905782-13	2019	SIGNIFICANCE: Our results demonstrated that Apelin-36 protects against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity through PI3K/Akt/mTOR autophagy pathway in PD model in vitro, which provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	114-118
30965670-0	2019	Regulation of the Nrf2 Pathway by Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3beta in MPP+-Induced Cell Damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
30965670-0	2019	Regulation of the Nrf2 Pathway by Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3beta in MPP+-Induced Cell Damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	34-64
30965670-3	2019	Gene silencing (siRNA-mediated) was performed to examine the responses of Nrf2-target genes (i.e., heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase1) to siRNA depletion of Nrf2 in MPP+-induced dopaminergic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	74-78
30965670-3	2019	Gene silencing (siRNA-mediated) was performed to examine the responses of Nrf2-target genes (i.e., heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase1) to siRNA depletion of Nrf2 in MPP+-induced dopaminergic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	99-148
30965670-7	2019	The number of viable cells and mitochondrial membrane potential were increased following GSK-3beta enzyme inhibition against MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	125-129	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	89-98
29916143-9	2019	MPP+ and GMF were used as a positive control-induced IL-33 and reactive oxygen species expression in mast cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	interleukin 33	Mus musculus	53-58
29991712-13	2019	Similarly, GLE was sufficient to counteract MPP+-induced inhibition of PINK1 and Parkin expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	71-76
29991712-14	2019	GLE suppressed MPP+-induced cytochrome C release and activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	caspase 3	Mus musculus	67-76
29991712-14	2019	GLE suppressed MPP+-induced cytochrome C release and activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	caspase 9	Mus musculus	81-90
30302821-10	2019	Taken together, these results demonstrate that upregulated lncRNA SNHG1 promotes MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and ROS production through the miR-15b-5p/GSK3beta axis in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that SNHG1 may act as a potential therapeutic target for PD treatment in the future.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
30734970-0	2019	Farrerol attenuates MPP+ -induced inflammatory response by TLR4 signaling in a microglia cell line.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	59-63
30734970-7	2019	MPP+ -induced upregulation of IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha was inhibited by farrerol treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	30-34
30734970-7	2019	MPP+ -induced upregulation of IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha was inhibited by farrerol treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	36-44
30734970-7	2019	MPP+ -induced upregulation of IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha was inhibited by farrerol treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	50-59
30734970-8	2019	Farrerol treatment also attenuated MPP+ -induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 as well as the activation of NF-kappaB in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	63-94
30734970-8	2019	Farrerol treatment also attenuated MPP+ -induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 as well as the activation of NF-kappaB in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	99-115
30734970-9	2019	MPP+ -induced TLR4 signaling was markedly diminished by farrerol treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	14-18
30734970-10	2019	Knockdown of TLR4 attenuated MPP+ -induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	13-17
30734970-11	2019	In conclusion, farrerol treatment attenuated MPP+ -induced inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	99-103
30302821-3	2019	In this study, we found that SNHG1 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3beta) were upregulated, but miR-15b-5p was downregulated in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+ )-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	169-172	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
30302821-3	2019	In this study, we found that SNHG1 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3beta) were upregulated, but miR-15b-5p was downregulated in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+ )-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	169-172	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	104-111
30302821-4	2019	The upregulation of SNHG1 enhanced MPP+ -induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as shown by decreased cell viability, increased ROS production, and increased number of TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End labeling-positive cells, accompanied with the upregulation of cleaved caspase 3 and elevation of cytochrome C release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	20-25
30302821-4	2019	The upregulation of SNHG1 enhanced MPP+ -induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as shown by decreased cell viability, increased ROS production, and increased number of TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End labeling-positive cells, accompanied with the upregulation of cleaved caspase 3 and elevation of cytochrome C release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	173-176
30302821-4	2019	The upregulation of SNHG1 enhanced MPP+ -induced cellular toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, as shown by decreased cell viability, increased ROS production, and increased number of TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End labeling-positive cells, accompanied with the upregulation of cleaved caspase 3 and elevation of cytochrome C release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	297-309
30302821-7	2019	Moreover, SNHG1 could attenuate the inhibitory effects of miR-15b-5p on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and production of ROS.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	10-15
30302821-7	2019	Moreover, SNHG1 could attenuate the inhibitory effects of miR-15b-5p on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and production of ROS.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	58-65
30302821-9	2019	The inhibitory effects of SNHG1 knockdown or miR-15b-5p overexpression on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were abrogated by upregulation of GSK3beta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
30302821-9	2019	The inhibitory effects of SNHG1 knockdown or miR-15b-5p overexpression on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were abrogated by upregulation of GSK3beta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	45-52
30302821-9	2019	The inhibitory effects of SNHG1 knockdown or miR-15b-5p overexpression on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were abrogated by upregulation of GSK3beta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	180-188
30302821-10	2019	Taken together, these results demonstrate that upregulated lncRNA SNHG1 promotes MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and ROS production through the miR-15b-5p/GSK3beta axis in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that SNHG1 may act as a potential therapeutic target for PD treatment in the future.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	microRNA 15b	Homo sapiens	139-146
30302821-10	2019	Taken together, these results demonstrate that upregulated lncRNA SNHG1 promotes MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and ROS production through the miR-15b-5p/GSK3beta axis in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that SNHG1 may act as a potential therapeutic target for PD treatment in the future.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	150-158
30302821-10	2019	Taken together, these results demonstrate that upregulated lncRNA SNHG1 promotes MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and ROS production through the miR-15b-5p/GSK3beta axis in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells, suggesting that SNHG1 may act as a potential therapeutic target for PD treatment in the future.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	217-222
30521940-0	2019	Downregulation of RTN1-C attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury through inhibition of mGluR5 pathway in SN4741 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	reticulon 1	Mus musculus	18-22
30521940-5	2019	Downregulation of RTN1-C using siRNA (Si-RTN1-C) markedly increased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis induced by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-122	reticulon 1	Mus musculus	18-22
30521940-5	2019	Downregulation of RTN1-C using siRNA (Si-RTN1-C) markedly increased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis induced by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-122	reticulon 1	Mus musculus	41-45
30521940-8	2019	In addition, the results of Ca2+ imaging showed that downregulation of RTN1-C attenuated intracellular Ca2+ release induced by MPP+, which could be nullified by activation of mGluR5 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	reticulon 1	Mus musculus	71-75
30521940-8	2019	In addition, the results of Ca2+ imaging showed that downregulation of RTN1-C attenuated intracellular Ca2+ release induced by MPP+, which could be nullified by activation of mGluR5 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1	Mus musculus	175-181
30521940-9	2019	In conclusion, our data suggest that downregulation of RTN1-C protects SN4741 cells against MPP+ through mGluR5-mediated preservation of Ca2+ homeostasis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	reticulon 1	Mus musculus	55-59
30521940-9	2019	In conclusion, our data suggest that downregulation of RTN1-C protects SN4741 cells against MPP+ through mGluR5-mediated preservation of Ca2+ homeostasis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1	Mus musculus	105-111
30611881-4	2019	Exposure of these cells to a low concentration (10 muM) of the neurotoxin MPP+ that previously produced no toxicity resulted in approximately 50% cell loss after B3GALT4 siRNA treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	162-169
30873019-6	2019	In vitro, the anti-inflammatory activity of NBP was confirmed by cell viability assay of SH-SY5Y cells after being treated with conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and from 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-stimulated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	223-227	NUBP iron-sulfur cluster assembly factor 1, cytosolic	Homo sapiens	44-47
30556245-7	2019	Moreover, loganin attenuated MPP+ -induced neurite damage via up-regulation of GAP43 and down-regulation of membrane-RhoA/ROCK2/p-LIMK/p-cofilin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	growth associated protein 43	Homo sapiens	79-84
30556245-7	2019	Moreover, loganin attenuated MPP+ -induced neurite damage via up-regulation of GAP43 and down-regulation of membrane-RhoA/ROCK2/p-LIMK/p-cofilin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	117-121
30556245-7	2019	Moreover, loganin attenuated MPP+ -induced neurite damage via up-regulation of GAP43 and down-regulation of membrane-RhoA/ROCK2/p-LIMK/p-cofilin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	122-127
30556245-10	2019	Our results suggest that loganin attenuates MPP+ -induced apoptotic death, neurite damage, and oxidative stress through enhancement of neurotrophic signaling, activation of IGF-1R/GLP-1R, and inhibition of RhoA/ROCK pathway, providing the evidence that loganin possesses novel neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	180-186
30556245-10	2019	Our results suggest that loganin attenuates MPP+ -induced apoptotic death, neurite damage, and oxidative stress through enhancement of neurotrophic signaling, activation of IGF-1R/GLP-1R, and inhibition of RhoA/ROCK pathway, providing the evidence that loganin possesses novel neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	ras homolog family member A	Homo sapiens	206-210
30556245-10	2019	Our results suggest that loganin attenuates MPP+ -induced apoptotic death, neurite damage, and oxidative stress through enhancement of neurotrophic signaling, activation of IGF-1R/GLP-1R, and inhibition of RhoA/ROCK pathway, providing the evidence that loganin possesses novel neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	211-215
30352250-3	2019	In this study, we determined whether Tat-ATOX1 could protect against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell death and in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced animal model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	37-40
30426321-0	2019	Echinacoside protects against MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via regulating autophagy pathway mediated by Sirt1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	107-112
29679389-0	2019	Down-regulation of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (Nramp1) is associated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ )-induced alpha-synuclein accumulation and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	solute carrier family 11 member 1	Homo sapiens	19-69
29679389-0	2019	Down-regulation of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (Nramp1) is associated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ )-induced alpha-synuclein accumulation and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	solute carrier family 11 member 1	Homo sapiens	71-77
29679389-0	2019	Down-regulation of natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (Nramp1) is associated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ )-induced alpha-synuclein accumulation and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	194-209
29679389-5	2019	The effects of Nramp1 expression on low-dose MPP+ -induced alpha-synuclein expression and neurotoxicity were determined in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	solute carrier family 11 member 1	Homo sapiens	15-21
29679389-5	2019	The effects of Nramp1 expression on low-dose MPP+ -induced alpha-synuclein expression and neurotoxicity were determined in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	59-74
29679389-8	2019	Likewise, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to low-dose MPP+ , Nramp1 expression and cathepsin D activity were decreased, along with an increase in alpha-synuclein protein expression and aggregation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	solute carrier family 11 member 1	Homo sapiens	74-80
29679389-8	2019	Likewise, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to low-dose MPP+ , Nramp1 expression and cathepsin D activity were decreased, along with an increase in alpha-synuclein protein expression and aggregation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	cathepsin D	Homo sapiens	96-107
29679389-8	2019	Likewise, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to low-dose MPP+ , Nramp1 expression and cathepsin D activity were decreased, along with an increase in alpha-synuclein protein expression and aggregation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	159-174
29679389-9	2019	Overexpression of functional Nramp1 restored cathepsin D activity and attenuated alpha-synuclein up-regulation and neuronal cell death caused by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	solute carrier family 11 member 1	Homo sapiens	29-35
29679389-9	2019	Overexpression of functional Nramp1 restored cathepsin D activity and attenuated alpha-synuclein up-regulation and neuronal cell death caused by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	81-96
29679389-10	2019	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the neuronal expression of Nramp1 is important for protecting against the development of MPTP/MPP+ -induced alpha-synuclein pathology and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	solute carrier family 11 member 1	Homo sapiens	64-70
29679389-10	2019	CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the neuronal expression of Nramp1 is important for protecting against the development of MPTP/MPP+ -induced alpha-synuclein pathology and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	145-160
30342268-4	2019	METHODS: We used exogenous tetranectin to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of secreted tetranectin in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	147-151	C-type lectin domain family 3 member B	Homo sapiens	103-114
30342268-5	2019	Cell viability and reactive oxygen species were measured to assess the protective effects of tetranectin against MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	C-type lectin domain family 3 member B	Homo sapiens	93-104
30342268-10	2019	RESULTS: The data showed exogenous tetranectin alleviated MPP+-induced toxicity, high reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis, and autophagy and changed the phosphorylation level of p70S6K1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	C-type lectin domain family 3 member B	Homo sapiens	35-46
30342268-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous tetranectin protects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by promoting p70S6K1 phosphorylation once taken into SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	C-type lectin domain family 3 member B	Homo sapiens	23-34
30316984-0	2019	Synphilin-1 has neuroprotective effects on MPP+-induced Parkinson"s disease model cells by inhibiting ROS production and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	0-11
30316984-7	2019	We found that overexpression of synphilin-1 increased SH-SY5Y cell viability after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	32-43
30316984-8	2019	We further found that synphilin-1 significantly suppressed apoptotic changes in nuclei, including nuclear condensation and fragmentation, after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	144-148	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	22-33
30316984-9	2019	We showed that synphilin-1 significantly decreased MPP+-induced cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase levels by using western blotting.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	15-26
30316984-9	2019	We showed that synphilin-1 significantly decreased MPP+-induced cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase levels by using western blotting.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	94-120
30316984-10	2019	Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by MPP+ was significantly reduced in cells expressing synphilin-1 compared to those expressing empty vector.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	106-117
30316984-11	2019	Synphilin-1 inhibited MPP+-induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria into the cytosol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	synuclein alpha interacting protein	Homo sapiens	0-11
30316984-11	2019	Synphilin-1 inhibited MPP+-induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria into the cytosol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	35-47
30686998-10	2018	MPP+ and rotenone also impaired the phagocytic activity of the microglial cells, and this effect was potentiated in the presence of LPS/IFN-gamma.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	136-145
30611190-9	2019	Moreover, MPP+ increased the expression of PI3K, P-Akt, Akt, P-mTOR, and mTOR, which were inhibited by glutamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
30611190-9	2019	Moreover, MPP+ increased the expression of PI3K, P-Akt, Akt, P-mTOR, and mTOR, which were inhibited by glutamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
30611190-9	2019	Moreover, MPP+ increased the expression of PI3K, P-Akt, Akt, P-mTOR, and mTOR, which were inhibited by glutamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
30611190-9	2019	Moreover, MPP+ increased the expression of PI3K, P-Akt, Akt, P-mTOR, and mTOR, which were inhibited by glutamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
30409791-4	2019	Here we measured the binding and transport of model substrate 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium+ (MPP+) by cell-free-expressed fusion proteins of rOCT1 and rOCT1 mutants with green fluorescent protein that had been reconstituted into nanodiscs or proteoliposomes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-95	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	140-145
30409791-4	2019	Here we measured the binding and transport of model substrate 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium+ (MPP+) by cell-free-expressed fusion proteins of rOCT1 and rOCT1 mutants with green fluorescent protein that had been reconstituted into nanodiscs or proteoliposomes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-95	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-155
30611190-11	2019	CONCLUSION: These results suggest that glutamine strengthens the antioxidant capacity in PC12 cells induced by MPP+ through inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-165
30352250-3	2019	In this study, we determined whether Tat-ATOX1 could protect against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell death and in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced animal model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	antioxidant 1 copper chaperone	Homo sapiens	41-46
29786072-7	2019	Consistently, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the presence of ATP or nigericin treatment in mouse bone-marrow-derived macrophages.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	58-63
29786072-8	2019	These findings reveal a novel priming role of neurotoxin MPTP or MPP+ for NLRP3 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	74-79
29936883-9	2019	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridi-nium (MPP+) reduced the cell viability and TH expression, which were reversed by morphine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	67-69
30579107-5	2019	In addition, SNH attenuated the effect of MPP+ on the expression of the pro-apoptotic factors Bax and caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
30579107-5	2019	In addition, SNH attenuated the effect of MPP+ on the expression of the pro-apoptotic factors Bax and caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	102-111
29936883-10	2019	MPP+ decreased the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1, Cdk5, which were restored by morphine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	thioredoxin 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-39
29936883-10	2019	MPP+ decreased the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1, Cdk5, which were restored by morphine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	cyclin D1	Rattus norvegicus	41-49
29936883-10	2019	MPP+ decreased the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1, Cdk5, which were restored by morphine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
30720180-7	2019	The expression levels of microRNA-599 and LRRK2 in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells were examined as well.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	microRNA 599	Homo sapiens	25-37
29936883-11	2019	Moreover, the role of morphine in restoring the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1 and Cdk5 decreased by MPP+ was abolished by LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	thioredoxin 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
29936883-11	2019	Moreover, the role of morphine in restoring the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1 and Cdk5 decreased by MPP+ was abolished by LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	cyclin D1	Rattus norvegicus	70-78
30720180-7	2019	The expression levels of microRNA-599 and LRRK2 in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells were examined as well.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
29936883-11	2019	Moreover, the role of morphine in restoring the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1 and Cdk5 decreased by MPP+ was abolished by LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
30720180-9	2019	The viability and apoptosis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing microRNA-599 were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	microRNA 599	Homo sapiens	73-85
29936883-11	2019	Moreover, the role of morphine in restoring the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1 and Cdk5 decreased by MPP+ was abolished by LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit gamma	Rattus norvegicus	133-162
30720180-12	2019	Meanwhile, in vitro expression of microRNA-599 was downregulated and LRRK2 expression was upregulated in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	microRNA 599	Homo sapiens	34-46
29936883-11	2019	Moreover, the role of morphine in restoring the expressions of Trx-1, CyclinD1 and Cdk5 decreased by MPP+ was abolished by LY294002, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
30720180-12	2019	Meanwhile, in vitro expression of microRNA-599 was downregulated and LRRK2 expression was upregulated in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	69-74
30720180-15	2019	Of note, the microRNA-599 overexpression protected MPP+-induced viability decrease and apoptosis acceleration in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	microRNA 599	Homo sapiens	13-25
30221494-0	2018	miR-34a/BCL-2 signaling axis contributes to apoptosis in MPP+ -induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-60	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	0-7
29427747-3	2019	mRNA and protein levels of calbindin were lower, while that of calpain were higher in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells and MPTP-treated mouse striatum as compared to their respective controls.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	86-90	calbindin 1	Mus musculus	27-36
29675576-3	2019	We hypothesized that activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1, potential therapeutic targets for neurodegeneration) with gintonin could abrogate PD-associated neurotoxicity by modulating the accumulation of alpha-synuclein, neuroinflammation, and apoptotic cell death in an MPTP/MPP+ models of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	324-327	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	97-101
29675576-3	2019	We hypothesized that activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1, potential therapeutic targets for neurodegeneration) with gintonin could abrogate PD-associated neurotoxicity by modulating the accumulation of alpha-synuclein, neuroinflammation, and apoptotic cell death in an MPTP/MPP+ models of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	324-327	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	102-106
29687347-0	2019	delta-Opioid Receptor Activation Attenuates Hypoxia/MPP+-Induced Downregulation of PINK1: a Novel Mechanism of Neuroprotection Against Parkinsonian Injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
29687347-3	2019	Using highly differentiated rat PC12 cells exposed to either severe hypoxia (0.5-1% O2) for 24-48 h or varying concentrations of MPP+, we found that both hypoxic and MPP+ stress reduced the level of PINK1 expression, while incubation with the specific DOR agonist UFP-512 reversed this reduction and protected the cells from hypoxia and/or MPP+-induced injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	199-204
29687347-3	2019	Using highly differentiated rat PC12 cells exposed to either severe hypoxia (0.5-1% O2) for 24-48 h or varying concentrations of MPP+, we found that both hypoxic and MPP+ stress reduced the level of PINK1 expression, while incubation with the specific DOR agonist UFP-512 reversed this reduction and protected the cells from hypoxia and/or MPP+-induced injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	199-204
29687347-3	2019	Using highly differentiated rat PC12 cells exposed to either severe hypoxia (0.5-1% O2) for 24-48 h or varying concentrations of MPP+, we found that both hypoxic and MPP+ stress reduced the level of PINK1 expression, while incubation with the specific DOR agonist UFP-512 reversed this reduction and protected the cells from hypoxia and/or MPP+-induced injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	199-204
29687347-5	2019	Moreover, we examined several important signaling molecules related to cell survival and apoptosis and found that DOR activation attenuated the hypoxic and/or MPP+-induced reduction in phosphorylated Akt and inhibited the activation of cleaved caspase-3, whereas PINK1 knockdown largely deprived the cell of the DOR-induced effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	200-203
29687347-5	2019	Moreover, we examined several important signaling molecules related to cell survival and apoptosis and found that DOR activation attenuated the hypoxic and/or MPP+-induced reduction in phosphorylated Akt and inhibited the activation of cleaved caspase-3, whereas PINK1 knockdown largely deprived the cell of the DOR-induced effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	244-253
29687347-5	2019	Moreover, we examined several important signaling molecules related to cell survival and apoptosis and found that DOR activation attenuated the hypoxic and/or MPP+-induced reduction in phosphorylated Akt and inhibited the activation of cleaved caspase-3, whereas PINK1 knockdown largely deprived the cell of the DOR-induced effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	263-268
29687347-6	2019	Our novel data suggests a unique mechanism underlying DOR-mediated cytoprotection against hypoxic and MPP+ stress via a PINK1-mediated regulation of signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	120-125
30671473-5	2018	High abundance of lincRNA-p21 inhibited viability and promoted apoptosis markedly in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	tumor protein p53 pathway corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	18-29
30671473-7	2018	In short, our study illustrated that lincRNA-p21/miR-1277-5p axis regulated viability and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ via targeting alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	tumor protein p53 pathway corepressor 1	Homo sapiens	37-48
30671473-7	2018	In short, our study illustrated that lincRNA-p21/miR-1277-5p axis regulated viability and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ via targeting alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	microRNA 1277	Homo sapiens	49-57
30671473-7	2018	In short, our study illustrated that lincRNA-p21/miR-1277-5p axis regulated viability and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ via targeting alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	149-164
30563578-0	2018	EriB targeted inhibition of microglia activity attenuates MPP+ induced DA neuron injury through the NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	100-109
30244177-4	2018	Our results showed that the expression of RKIP was significantly reduced in BV-2 cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	42-46
30244177-5	2018	Overexpression of RKIP markedly rescued cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis in BV-2 cells exposed to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	18-22
30244177-6	2018	In addition, overexpression of RKIP inhibited MPP+-induced the production of pro-inflammatory molecules in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	31-35
30244177-8	2018	Exploration of the underlying mechanisms of its action indicated that overexpression of RKIP prevented the activation of NF-kappaB and MEK/ERK pathways in MPP+-stimulated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	88-92
30244177-8	2018	Exploration of the underlying mechanisms of its action indicated that overexpression of RKIP prevented the activation of NF-kappaB and MEK/ERK pathways in MPP+-stimulated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	midkine	Mus musculus	135-138
30244177-8	2018	Exploration of the underlying mechanisms of its action indicated that overexpression of RKIP prevented the activation of NF-kappaB and MEK/ERK pathways in MPP+-stimulated BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	139-142
30536337-8	2018	Neuronal apoptosis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells was detected by flow cytometry after the UCA1 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	90-94
30536337-11	2018	Higher viability was seen after the UCA1 knockdown in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
30536337-12	2018	UCA1 knockdown remarkably inhibited caspase-3 activity and decreased MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	urothelial cancer associated 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
29675576-3	2019	We hypothesized that activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1, potential therapeutic targets for neurodegeneration) with gintonin could abrogate PD-associated neurotoxicity by modulating the accumulation of alpha-synuclein, neuroinflammation, and apoptotic cell death in an MPTP/MPP+ models of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	324-327	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	35-95
30259276-8	2018	Overexpression of Bcl-xl, an anti-apoptotic factor, protects both the neuronal cell body and the neurites in both rotenone and MPP+ treated enteric neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	18-24
29882218-5	2018	Specific inhibition of the BDNF receptor or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) reversed the MB-mediated protection against MPP+ toxicity, thus implying a role for BDNF and the Erk pathway in the neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	27-31
29882218-5	2018	Specific inhibition of the BDNF receptor or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) reversed the MB-mediated protection against MPP+ toxicity, thus implying a role for BDNF and the Erk pathway in the neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	44-81
29882218-5	2018	Specific inhibition of the BDNF receptor or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) reversed the MB-mediated protection against MPP+ toxicity, thus implying a role for BDNF and the Erk pathway in the neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	83-86
29882218-5	2018	Specific inhibition of the BDNF receptor or extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) reversed the MB-mediated protection against MPP+ toxicity, thus implying a role for BDNF and the Erk pathway in the neuroprotective effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	185-188
29966582-5	2018	Treatment of KHG26792 significantly attenuated MPP+-induced changes in the protein levels of Bcl-2 and Bax together with efficient suppression of MPP+-induced activation of caspase-3 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-50	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	93-98
29966582-5	2018	Treatment of KHG26792 significantly attenuated MPP+-induced changes in the protein levels of Bcl-2 and Bax together with efficient suppression of MPP+-induced activation of caspase-3 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-50	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	103-106
29966582-5	2018	Treatment of KHG26792 significantly attenuated MPP+-induced changes in the protein levels of Bcl-2 and Bax together with efficient suppression of MPP+-induced activation of caspase-3 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	146-149	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	173-182
30221494-8	2018	RESULTS: Our results also showed that treating human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells using MPP+ to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis led to the upregulation of miR-34a, as compared to the nontreated control group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	155-162
30221494-10	2018	It was also revealed that the expression of BCL-2 was significantly decreased in MPP+ -treated cells, thereby confirming previous studies regarding a new concept.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	44-49
30221494-0	2018	miR-34a/BCL-2 signaling axis contributes to apoptosis in MPP+ -induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-60	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	8-13
30195017-7	2018	MPP+-stimulated BMMCs had increased mediators" release, which were inhibited by TG2 inhibitor (R2 peptide).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide	Mus musculus	80-83
30195055-6	2018	Moreover, NADPH effectively decreased MPP+-induced excessive production of ROS, p38 phosphorylation and inflammatory protein of Cyclooxygenase2 (COX2) in cultured microglial BV-2 cells in vitro studies.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	80-83
30195055-6	2018	Moreover, NADPH effectively decreased MPP+-induced excessive production of ROS, p38 phosphorylation and inflammatory protein of Cyclooxygenase2 (COX2) in cultured microglial BV-2 cells in vitro studies.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	128-143
30195055-6	2018	Moreover, NADPH effectively decreased MPP+-induced excessive production of ROS, p38 phosphorylation and inflammatory protein of Cyclooxygenase2 (COX2) in cultured microglial BV-2 cells in vitro studies.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	145-149
30195055-7	2018	Similarly, the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 suppressed the upregulation of MPP+-induced p38 phosphorylation and COX2 protein levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	15-23
30195055-7	2018	Similarly, the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 suppressed the upregulation of MPP+-induced p38 phosphorylation and COX2 protein levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	15-18
30195055-7	2018	Similarly, the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 suppressed the upregulation of MPP+-induced p38 phosphorylation and COX2 protein levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	111-115
30025813-6	2018	MiR-505 downregulation also ameliorated MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity, by preserving MMP and reducing LDH level, caspase-3 and reactive oxygen species activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	microRNA 505	Homo sapiens	0-7
29936262-5	2018	Our results confirmed that expression of miR-200a significantly up-regulated during treating of human SH-SY5Y cells with MPP+ in order to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	microRNA 200a	Homo sapiens	41-49
30138624-11	2018	The docking study revealed three separate ligand binding pockets within the hOCT1 translocation pathway, defined by their interactions with three prototypical substrates: MPP+, TEA, and acyclovir.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
30004136-0	2018	Inhibition of transcription factor SP1 produces neuroprotective effects through decreasing MAO B activity in MPTP/MPP+ Parkinson"s disease models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-117	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	91-96
30004136-4	2018	In our study, we first observed that the SP1 protein level and SP1 binding activity in the MAO B promoter were increased in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) neurotoxin-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	153-157	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	91-96
30107296-8	2018	Notably, over-expression of miR-221 is protective against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced cell death, while inhibition of endogenous miR-221 sensitizes cells to this toxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	microRNA 221	Mus musculus	28-35
30107296-10	2018	Accordingly, miR-221 protects differentiated DJ-1 knock-down ReNcell VM human dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP+-induced neurite retraction and cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	microRNA 221	Homo sapiens	13-20
30107296-10	2018	Accordingly, miR-221 protects differentiated DJ-1 knock-down ReNcell VM human dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP+-induced neurite retraction and cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	45-49
30107908-2	2018	We have also demonstrated that oxicam-NSAIDs suppress the decrease in phosphorylation of Akt caused by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
30107908-6	2018	Furthermore, oxicam-NSAIDs suppressed the increases in the ER stress marker CHOP (apoptosis mediator) caused by MPP+ or tunicamycin, beside suppressing eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) phosphorylation and the increase in ATF4 caused by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-115	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	76-80
30025813-0	2018	Inhibition of microRNA-505 suppressed MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity of SHSY5Y cells in an in vitro Parkinson"s disease model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	microRNA 505	Homo sapiens	14-26
30025813-2	2018	In this study, we utilized SHSY5Y cells an in vitro PD model to study the biological function of microRNA-505 (miR-505) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-156	microRNA 505	Homo sapiens	97-109
30025813-2	2018	In this study, we utilized SHSY5Y cells an in vitro PD model to study the biological function of microRNA-505 (miR-505) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-156	microRNA 505	Homo sapiens	111-118
30025813-6	2018	MiR-505 downregulation also ameliorated MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity, by preserving MMP and reducing LDH level, caspase-3 and reactive oxygen species activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	110-119
30025813-8	2018	In addition, NPDC1 knockdown was shown to reverse the protection of miR-505-downregulation on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	neural proliferation, differentiation and control 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
30025813-8	2018	In addition, NPDC1 knockdown was shown to reverse the protection of miR-505-downregulation on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	microRNA 505	Homo sapiens	68-75
30224927-8	2018	Also, BSYZ inhibits NLRP3 activation and interleukin-1beta production of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) stimulated BV-2 microglia cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	41-58
30233322-0	2018	GSK-3beta Inhibitor Alsterpaullone Attenuates MPP+-Induced Cell Damage in a c-Myc-Dependent Manner in SH-SY5Y Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	0-9
30233322-0	2018	GSK-3beta Inhibitor Alsterpaullone Attenuates MPP+-Induced Cell Damage in a c-Myc-Dependent Manner in SH-SY5Y Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	76-81
30233322-5	2018	The data showed that Als effectively rescued c-Myc from the MPP+-induced decline via Wnt signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	45-50
30233322-8	2018	These findings indicate that Als, a GSK-3beta inhibitor, attenuated the MPP+-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptotic via up-regulation of the Wnt signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	36-45
30031125-3	2018	Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) was elevated in the brain specimens of PD patients and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	19-50
30031125-3	2018	Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) was elevated in the brain specimens of PD patients and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	small nucleolar RNA host gene 1	Homo sapiens	52-57
29901077-7	2018	Treatment with MPP+ for 24 h significantly increased the expression levels of phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-p38, GRP78, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	107-112
29901077-7	2018	Treatment with MPP+ for 24 h significantly increased the expression levels of phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-p38, GRP78, CHOP, and cleaved caspase-12 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	114-118
29884691-4	2018	To address this question, we screened the inhibitory effectiveness of 20 microM concentrations of several hundred compounds against OCT2-mediated uptake of six structurally distinct substrates: MPP, metformin, N,N,N-trimethyl-2-[methyl(7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)amino]ethanaminium (NBD-MTMA), TEA, cimetidine, and 4-4-dimethylaminostyryl-N-methylpyridinium (ASP).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	194-197	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	132-136
30165626-0	2018	Role of c-Abl-GSK3beta Signaling in MPP+-Induced Autophagy-Lysosomal Dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	8-13
30165626-0	2018	Role of c-Abl-GSK3beta Signaling in MPP+-Induced Autophagy-Lysosomal Dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	14-22
30165626-5	2018	In this study, STI-571, a c-Abl inhibitor, rescued the ALP function through facilitating the nuclear translocation of TFEB and protected against MPP+-induced neuronal cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	26-31
30165626-6	2018	Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knock-down or pharmacological inhibition of GSK3beta mitigated the MPP+-induced neuronal cell death, which was achieved through promoting TFEB nuclear localization and subsequently reversing the function of ALP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	72-80
30165626-6	2018	Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knock-down or pharmacological inhibition of GSK3beta mitigated the MPP+-induced neuronal cell death, which was achieved through promoting TFEB nuclear localization and subsequently reversing the function of ALP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	transcription factor EB	Homo sapiens	166-170
30165626-8	2018	In addition, c-Abl directly interacted with GSK3beta and catalyzed its phosphorylation at tyrosine 216, and their interaction was enhanced under MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	13-18
30165626-8	2018	In addition, c-Abl directly interacted with GSK3beta and catalyzed its phosphorylation at tyrosine 216, and their interaction was enhanced under MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	44-52
30165626-9	2018	In contrast, STI-571 abrogated phosphorylation of GSK3beta-Tyr216 induced by MPP+ in SN4741 cells and in primary midbrain neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	50-58
30165626-10	2018	Taken together, these results demonstrate that GSK3beta is a novel c-Abl substrate, and c-Abl-GSk3beta pathway mediates MPP+-induced ALP defects and neuronal cell death, which may represent a potential therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	67-72
30165626-10	2018	Taken together, these results demonstrate that GSK3beta is a novel c-Abl substrate, and c-Abl-GSk3beta pathway mediates MPP+-induced ALP defects and neuronal cell death, which may represent a potential therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	88-93
30165626-10	2018	Taken together, these results demonstrate that GSK3beta is a novel c-Abl substrate, and c-Abl-GSk3beta pathway mediates MPP+-induced ALP defects and neuronal cell death, which may represent a potential therapeutic target for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	94-102
30138351-6	2018	Using this novel probe, we show that cytosolic/mitochondrial Ca2+ play a critical role through the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) in the mitochondrial and cellular accumulation of MPP+ suggesting for the first time that MPP+ and related mitochondrial toxins may also exert their toxic effects through the perturbation of Ca2+ homeostasis in dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	T cell leukemia homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	125-128
30138351-6	2018	Using this novel probe, we show that cytosolic/mitochondrial Ca2+ play a critical role through the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) in the mitochondrial and cellular accumulation of MPP+ suggesting for the first time that MPP+ and related mitochondrial toxins may also exert their toxic effects through the perturbation of Ca2+ homeostasis in dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	220-224	T cell leukemia homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	125-128
29631008-17	2018	In contrast, MPP+ toxicity significantly caused up-regulation in miR-34a, miR-141, and miR-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	microRNA 141	Rattus norvegicus	74-81
29710667-10	2018	Moreover, our results indicated that BCP prevented MPP+-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y through inhibiting the up-regulation of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and restoring the expression of Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	133-142
29710667-10	2018	Moreover, our results indicated that BCP prevented MPP+-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y through inhibiting the up-regulation of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and restoring the expression of Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	144-147
29710667-10	2018	Moreover, our results indicated that BCP prevented MPP+-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y through inhibiting the up-regulation of cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and restoring the expression of Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	181-186
29631008-17	2018	In contrast, MPP+ toxicity significantly caused up-regulation in miR-34a, miR-141, and miR-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	microRNA 34a	Rattus norvegicus	65-72
29961319-4	2018	PSB also blocked MPP+-induced apoptotic cascades, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase 3, and reduced ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	116-125
29961319-4	2018	PSB also blocked MPP+-induced apoptotic cascades, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase 3, and reduced ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	148-153
29961319-4	2018	PSB also blocked MPP+-induced apoptotic cascades, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase 3, and reduced ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	154-157
29631008-0	2018	Differential expression of miR-34a, miR-141, and miR-9 in MPP+-treated differentiated PC12 cells as a model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	microRNA 34a	Rattus norvegicus	27-34
29920520-7	2018	The induced Akt(E40K) protected cells from apoptosis evoked by serum deprivation and was neuroprotective in two cellular models of Parkinson"s disease (6-OHDA and MPP+ exposure).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	163-167	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	12-15
29460114-5	2018	Additionally, uptake studies of [3H]-dopamine and [3H]-MPP+ reveal that DAT action is not affected by Hc-TeTx, discarding a protective effect due to a reduced entry of MPP+ into nerve terminals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-58	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
29460114-5	2018	Additionally, uptake studies of [3H]-dopamine and [3H]-MPP+ reveal that DAT action is not affected by Hc-TeTx, discarding a protective effect due to a reduced entry of MPP+ into nerve terminals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
29377238-9	2018	In addition, significant reduction of MDA levels and improvement of activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-px were observed after GDNF and GGA treatment in the PD model and H2 O2 or MPP+ -induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
29377238-9	2018	In addition, significant reduction of MDA levels and improvement of activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-px were observed after GDNF and GGA treatment in the PD model and H2 O2 or MPP+ -induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	123-127
30004846-5	2018	In primary mouse mesencephalic neurons and human neuroblastoma cell lines, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxic metabolite of MPTP, suppressed the expression of ADGRB1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B1	Homo sapiens	168-174
30004846-8	2018	Finally, ADGRB1 overexpression decreased nuclear condensation induced by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-77	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B1	Homo sapiens	9-15
30004846-9	2018	Taken together, we observed that decreased ADGRB1 by activation of AMPK induced neuronal cell death in MPTP/MPP+-mediated PD models, suggesting that ADGRB1 might potentially play a survival role in the neurodegenerative pathway of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B1	Homo sapiens	43-49
30004846-9	2018	Taken together, we observed that decreased ADGRB1 by activation of AMPK induced neuronal cell death in MPTP/MPP+-mediated PD models, suggesting that ADGRB1 might potentially play a survival role in the neurodegenerative pathway of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B1	Homo sapiens	149-155
29915248-7	2018	Similar values were obtained for inhibition of [3H]MPP+ uptake by MATE1-overexpressing cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-71
29475134-0	2018	Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 by FCPR16 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced decline of mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	14-33
29571747-5	2018	SIRT1 expression was found to be markedly decreased not only in environmental factor PD models, neurotoxin MPP+-treated primary culture neurons and MPTP-induced mice but also in genetic factor PD models, overexpressed alpha-synuclein-A30PA53T SH-SY5Y stable cell line and hm2alpha-SYN-39 transgenic mouse strain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	0-5
29571747-6	2018	Importantly, the degradation of SIRT1 during MPP+ treatment was mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	32-37
29475134-7	2018	The level of cleaved caspase 3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were also decreased after treatment with FCPR16 in MPP+-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	48-51
29475134-7	2018	The level of cleaved caspase 3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were also decreased after treatment with FCPR16 in MPP+-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	52-57
29567426-8	2018	In conclusion, miR-494-3p inhibition exerted a neuroprotective role in MPP+-induced PD by targeting SIRT3, providing a possible therapeutic strategy for PD patients.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	100-105
29887945-7	2018	MANF pre-treatment significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability (P&lt;0.01), inhibited the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression (P&lt;0.01), activated gene expression levels of HMOX1 (P&lt;0.01) and SOD2 (P&lt;0.05), and reversed MPP+-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (P&lt;0.01).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	0-4
29887945-7	2018	MANF pre-treatment significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability (P&lt;0.01), inhibited the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression (P&lt;0.01), activated gene expression levels of HMOX1 (P&lt;0.01) and SOD2 (P&lt;0.05), and reversed MPP+-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (P&lt;0.01).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	194-199
29887945-7	2018	MANF pre-treatment significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability (P&lt;0.01), inhibited the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression (P&lt;0.01), activated gene expression levels of HMOX1 (P&lt;0.01) and SOD2 (P&lt;0.05), and reversed MPP+-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (P&lt;0.01).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	216-220
29887945-7	2018	MANF pre-treatment significantly decreased the MPP+-induced reduction of cell viability (P&lt;0.01), inhibited the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression (P&lt;0.01), activated gene expression levels of HMOX1 (P&lt;0.01) and SOD2 (P&lt;0.05), and reversed MPP+-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (P&lt;0.01).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	247-251	mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	0-4
29773975-0	2018	Cold Shock Induced Protein RBM3 but Not Mild Hypothermia Protects Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells From MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	RNA binding motif protein 3	Homo sapiens	27-31
29567426-4	2018	In the present study, we found that miR-494-3p expression was increased and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression was decreased in SH-SY5Y cells following 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	76-85
29567426-4	2018	In the present study, we found that miR-494-3p expression was increased and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression was decreased in SH-SY5Y cells following 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	87-92
29608948-3	2018	We aim to investigate the effect of miR-181b on autophagy, particularly the involvement of miR-181b in the regulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and neuronal autophagy in a 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium iodide(MPP+)-induced cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	295-299	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	125-155
29608948-3	2018	We aim to investigate the effect of miR-181b on autophagy, particularly the involvement of miR-181b in the regulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and neuronal autophagy in a 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium iodide(MPP+)-induced cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	295-299	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	163-179
29608948-3	2018	We aim to investigate the effect of miR-181b on autophagy, particularly the involvement of miR-181b in the regulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and neuronal autophagy in a 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium iodide(MPP+)-induced cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	295-299	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	181-184
29773975-4	2018	Mild hypothermia (32 C) aggravated MPP+-induced apoptosis, which was boosted when RBM3 was silenced by siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	RNA binding motif protein 3	Homo sapiens	82-86
29773975-6	2018	MPP+ treatment downregulated the expression of RBM3 both endogenously and exogenously and suppressed its induction by mild hypothermia (32 C).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	RNA binding motif protein 3	Homo sapiens	47-51
29849448-9	2018	MPP+-induced depletion of dopamine level in the post-mitotic MAP-2 immunoreactive neurons and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were also heightened by cholesterol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	microtubule associated protein 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
29315581-6	2018	We found that UCP4 was up-regulated upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells, which was enhanced by wild type DJ-1 and alleviated by DJ-1 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	14-18
29549048-3	2018	Human recombinant NNMT possessed 4-phenylpyridine N-methyltransferase activity, with a specific activity of 1.7 +- 0.03 nmol MPP+ produced/h/mg NNMT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	125-129	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	18-22
29549048-3	2018	Human recombinant NNMT possessed 4-phenylpyridine N-methyltransferase activity, with a specific activity of 1.7 +- 0.03 nmol MPP+ produced/h/mg NNMT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	125-129	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	144-148
29315581-6	2018	We found that UCP4 was up-regulated upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells, which was enhanced by wild type DJ-1 and alleviated by DJ-1 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	139-143
29315581-6	2018	We found that UCP4 was up-regulated upon 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells, which was enhanced by wild type DJ-1 and alleviated by DJ-1 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	162-166
29315581-9	2018	Moreover, over-expression of UCP4 in DJ-1 knockdown cells partially reversed the decrease in cell viability, DeltaPsim, as well as the increase in products of oxidative stress upon MPP+ stimulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	181-185	solute carrier family 25, member 27	Mus musculus	29-33
29315581-9	2018	Moreover, over-expression of UCP4 in DJ-1 knockdown cells partially reversed the decrease in cell viability, DeltaPsim, as well as the increase in products of oxidative stress upon MPP+ stimulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	181-185	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	37-41
29709269-3	2018	Na2S3 at concentrations of 10 muM or higher prevented 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	latexin	Homo sapiens	30-33
29709269-5	2018	We also found that Na2S3 (10 muM) prevented MPP+-induced increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species as detected by 2",7"-dichlorofluorescein fluorescence.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	latexin	Homo sapiens	29-32
29561612-5	2018	Intriguingly, this activator displayed a cytoprotective effect on MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, as well as protected against MPTP-induced motor dysfunction and loss of dopaminergic neurons by targeting ULK1-modulated autophagy in mouse models of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	200-204
29611404-0	2018	MiR-212 Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Damage by Targeting KLF4 in SH-SY5Y Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	microRNA 212	Homo sapiens	0-7
29611404-0	2018	MiR-212 Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Damage by Targeting KLF4 in SH-SY5Y Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	61-65
29611404-10	2018	RESULTS: MiR-212 was downregulated in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	microRNA 212	Homo sapiens	9-16
29611404-11	2018	Also, miR-212 alleviated MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage, embodied by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, LDH release, ROS production, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta expression, as well as elevated SOD levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	microRNA 212	Homo sapiens	6-13
29611404-11	2018	Also, miR-212 alleviated MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage, embodied by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, LDH release, ROS production, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta expression, as well as elevated SOD levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	107-116
29611404-11	2018	Also, miR-212 alleviated MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage, embodied by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, LDH release, ROS production, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta expression, as well as elevated SOD levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
29611404-11	2018	Also, miR-212 alleviated MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage, embodied by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, LDH release, ROS production, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta expression, as well as elevated SOD levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	171-179
29611404-11	2018	Also, miR-212 alleviated MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage, embodied by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, LDH release, ROS production, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta expression, as well as elevated SOD levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	212-215
29611404-14	2018	Furthermore, Notch signaling was involved in the regulation of miR-212/KLF4 axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	microRNA 212	Homo sapiens	63-70
29611404-14	2018	Furthermore, Notch signaling was involved in the regulation of miR-212/KLF4 axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	71-75
29611404-15	2018	CONCLUSION: miR-212 might attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal damage by regulating KLF4/Notch signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells, a promising target for PD therapy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	microRNA 212	Homo sapiens	12-19
29611404-15	2018	CONCLUSION: miR-212 might attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal damage by regulating KLF4/Notch signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells, a promising target for PD therapy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	Kruppel like factor 4	Homo sapiens	79-83
29722326-8	2018	Administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (100 ng) 1 day after MPP+ administration attenuated the effect of MPP+ in the subgranular zone and the substantia nigra.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-77	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	18-51
29378245-3	2018	We preliminary observed the redistribution of NGB to mitochondria following MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	46-49
29378245-5	2018	Interestingly, the administration of agents capable of perturbating microdomain before MPP+ treatment, significantly affected viability in SK-N-BE2-NGB cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	148-151
29378245-6	2018	The overexpression of NGB was able to abrogate the mitochondrial injuries on complex IV activity or mitochondrial morphology induced by MPP+ administration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	22-25
29722326-8	2018	Administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (100 ng) 1 day after MPP+ administration attenuated the effect of MPP+ in the subgranular zone and the substantia nigra.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-122	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	18-51
29566083-7	2018	Using Xenopus oocytes injected with Aqp9 cRNA, we show that AQP9 is permeable to the parkinsonogenic toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	36-40
29566083-7	2018	Using Xenopus oocytes injected with Aqp9 cRNA, we show that AQP9 is permeable to the parkinsonogenic toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	60-64
30460091-8	2018	In addition, overexpression of mutants and WT TMEM230 caused similar levels of neurotoxicity upon MPP+ treatment when compared to the cells transfected with an empty vector.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	transmembrane protein 230	Felis catus	46-53
29566083-8	2018	Stable expression of AQP9 in HEK cells increases their vulnerability to MPP+ and to arsenite-another parkinsonogenic toxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	21-25
29566083-9	2018	Conversely, targeted deletion of Aqp9 in mice protects nigral dopaminergic neurons against MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	33-37
29566083-10	2018	A protective effect of Aqp9 deletion was demonstrated in organotypic slice cultures of mouse midbrain exposed to MPP+ in vitro and in mice subjected to intrastriatal injections of MPP+ in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	23-27
29566083-10	2018	A protective effect of Aqp9 deletion was demonstrated in organotypic slice cultures of mouse midbrain exposed to MPP+ in vitro and in mice subjected to intrastriatal injections of MPP+ in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	23-27
29566083-11	2018	Seven days after intrastriatal MPP+ injections, the population of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in substantia nigra is reduced by 48% in Aqp9 knockout mice compared with 67% in WT littermates.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	143-147
29115830-0	2018	Gastrodin and Isorhynchophylline Synergistically Inhibit MPP+-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells by Targeting ERK1/2 and GSK-3beta Pathways: Involvement of Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	128-137
29566083-12	2018	Our results show that AQP9 -selectively expressed in catecholaminergic neurons-is permeable to MPP+ and suggest that this aquaglyceroporin contributes to the selective vulnerability of nigral dopaminergic neurons by providing an entry route for parkinsonogenic toxins.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	aquaporin 9	Mus musculus	22-26
29115830-0	2018	Gastrodin and Isorhynchophylline Synergistically Inhibit MPP+-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells by Targeting ERK1/2 and GSK-3beta Pathways: Involvement of Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	163-167
29588573-3	2018	Results: On SH-SY5Y cells, methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) treatment suppressed cell viability, induced apoptosis, and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	128-131
29115830-4	2018	Here, we have demonstrated that the combination of GAS and IRN (GAS/IRN) protects SH-SY5Y cells against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity in a synergistic manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	PAXIP1 associated glutamate rich protein 1	Homo sapiens	51-62
29115830-4	2018	Here, we have demonstrated that the combination of GAS and IRN (GAS/IRN) protects SH-SY5Y cells against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity in a synergistic manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	PAXIP1 associated glutamate rich protein 1	Homo sapiens	64-71
29115830-5	2018	Concomitantly, GAS/IRN led to a statistically significant reduction of oxidative stress, as assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), and enhancement of both glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) systems compared with treatment with either agent alone in MPP+-challenged SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	289-293	PAXIP1 associated glutamate rich protein 1	Homo sapiens	15-22
29115830-8	2018	Importantly, simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3beta pathway by IRN and activation of ERK1/2 pathway by GAS synergistically induced accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus in SH-SY5Y cells challenged with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	40-49
29115830-8	2018	Importantly, simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3beta pathway by IRN and activation of ERK1/2 pathway by GAS synergistically induced accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus in SH-SY5Y cells challenged with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	83-89
29115830-8	2018	Importantly, simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3beta pathway by IRN and activation of ERK1/2 pathway by GAS synergistically induced accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus in SH-SY5Y cells challenged with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	PAXIP1 associated glutamate rich protein 1	Homo sapiens	101-104
29115830-8	2018	Importantly, simultaneous inhibition of GSK-3beta pathway by IRN and activation of ERK1/2 pathway by GAS synergistically induced accumulation of Nrf2 in the nucleus in SH-SY5Y cells challenged with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	145-149
29115830-0	2018	Gastrodin and Isorhynchophylline Synergistically Inhibit MPP+-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells by Targeting ERK1/2 and GSK-3beta Pathways: Involvement of Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	117-123
29588573-3	2018	Results: On SH-SY5Y cells, methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) treatment suppressed cell viability, induced apoptosis, and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	132-137
29588573-3	2018	Results: On SH-SY5Y cells, methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) treatment suppressed cell viability, induced apoptosis, and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	148-157
29588573-8	2018	Conclusion: Taken together, this study demonstrated that Vit protected dopaminergic neurons against MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	163-166
28752899-7	2018	Additionally, P2Y6R knockdown also significantly reversed both the loss of cell viability and the increase in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK1/2) and p38 (p-p38) caused by MPP+ stimulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	188-194
28545724-5	2018	Pharmacological inhibition of SOCE or transcriptional downregulation of proteins involved in SOCE like the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1, the plasma membrane Ca2+ channels Orai1 and TRPC1 and the linking protein Homer protects against oxidative glutamate toxicity and direct oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) injury, a cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	343-347	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	173-178
29459421-3	2018	In the current study, we investigated whether the anti-apoptotic effect of IGF-1 in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is associated with the activity of PI3K/PDK1/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	75-80
29459421-4	2018	Treatment of cells with IGF-1 inhibited MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
29459421-8	2018	Mitochondrial ROS levels were also increased during MPP+ exposure, which were attenuated by IGF-1 treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
28952015-9	2018	MPP+induced the release of tryptase/BSSP-4 from the mouse mast cells, and tryptase/BSSP-4 induced chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) release from astrocytes and glia/neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	tryptase alpha/beta 1	Mus musculus	27-35
28952015-9	2018	MPP+induced the release of tryptase/BSSP-4 from the mouse mast cells, and tryptase/BSSP-4 induced chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) release from astrocytes and glia/neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	protease, serine 22	Mus musculus	36-42
28952015-10	2018	Overall our results suggest that MPP+, GMF, MMCP-6 or MMCP-7 stimulate glia/neurons, astrocytes or neurons to release CCL2 and matrix metalloproteinase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	118-122
28952015-10	2018	Overall our results suggest that MPP+, GMF, MMCP-6 or MMCP-7 stimulate glia/neurons, astrocytes or neurons to release CCL2 and matrix metalloproteinase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	127-153
28952015-11	2018	Additionally, CD40L expression is increased in BMMCs after incubation with MPP+ in a co-culture system consisting of BMMCs and glia/neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	CD40 ligand	Mus musculus	14-19
28321769-13	2018	Consistently, PACA also increased NGF levels in dopaminergic PC12 cells and primary rat midbrain neurons against N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
29459421-0	2018	IGF-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis via PI3K/PDK-1/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
29459421-0	2018	IGF-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis via PI3K/PDK-1/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	69-74
29459421-0	2018	IGF-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis via PI3K/PDK-1/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
29666334-7	2018	Compared with the 17beta-estradiol treatment group, the expression of cathepsin E-A-like was not significantly changed when the hepatocytes were treated with 17beta-estradiol combined with MPP (P &lt; 0.05).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	189-192	cathepsin E-A-like	Gallus gallus	70-88
29666334-8	2018	In contrast, compared with the 17beta-estradiol combined with MPP treatment group, the expression of cathepsin E-A-like was significantly downregulated when the hepatocytes were treated with 17beta-estradiol combined with tamoxifen or ICI 182,780 (P &lt; 0.05).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-65	cathepsin E-A-like	Gallus gallus	101-119
29471019-5	2018	We discovered an increased interaction between PHD2 and the p23:Hsp90 chaperone complex in response to mitochondrial stress elicited by the mitochondrial neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) within cultured DAergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-196	egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
29471019-5	2018	We discovered an increased interaction between PHD2 and the p23:Hsp90 chaperone complex in response to mitochondrial stress elicited by the mitochondrial neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) within cultured DAergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-196	prostaglandin E synthase 3	Homo sapiens	60-63
29471019-5	2018	We discovered an increased interaction between PHD2 and the p23:Hsp90 chaperone complex in response to mitochondrial stress elicited by the mitochondrial neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) within cultured DAergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-196	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
29471019-6	2018	Genetic p23 knockdown was found to result in decreases in steady-state PHD2 protein and activity and reduced susceptibility to MPP+ neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	prostaglandin E synthase 3	Homo sapiens	8-11
29511451-0	2018	lncRNA MALAT1/miR-205-5p axis regulates MPP+-induced cell apoptosis in MN9D cells by directly targeting LRRK2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (non-coding RNA)	Mus musculus	7-13
29511451-0	2018	lncRNA MALAT1/miR-205-5p axis regulates MPP+-induced cell apoptosis in MN9D cells by directly targeting LRRK2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	microRNA 205	Mus musculus	14-21
29511451-0	2018	lncRNA MALAT1/miR-205-5p axis regulates MPP+-induced cell apoptosis in MN9D cells by directly targeting LRRK2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	104-109
29511451-8	2018	The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays showed that overexpression of LRRK2 reduced the viability and promoted apoptosis in MN9D cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	88-93
29511451-9	2018	MALAT1 knockdown exerted a protective effect on the viability and apoptosis of MN9D cells treated with MPP+, which was abrogated by LRRK2 overexpression and miR-205-5p inhibition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (non-coding RNA)	Mus musculus	0-6
29511451-9	2018	MALAT1 knockdown exerted a protective effect on the viability and apoptosis of MN9D cells treated with MPP+, which was abrogated by LRRK2 overexpression and miR-205-5p inhibition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	132-137
29511451-9	2018	MALAT1 knockdown exerted a protective effect on the viability and apoptosis of MN9D cells treated with MPP+, which was abrogated by LRRK2 overexpression and miR-205-5p inhibition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	microRNA 205	Mus musculus	157-164
29511451-10	2018	Our study demonstrates that the MALAT1/miR-205-5p axis regulates MPP+-induced apoptosis in MN9D cells by targeting LRRK2, thereby improving our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (non-coding RNA)	Mus musculus	32-38
29511451-10	2018	Our study demonstrates that the MALAT1/miR-205-5p axis regulates MPP+-induced apoptosis in MN9D cells by targeting LRRK2, thereby improving our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	microRNA 205	Mus musculus	39-46
29511451-10	2018	Our study demonstrates that the MALAT1/miR-205-5p axis regulates MPP+-induced apoptosis in MN9D cells by targeting LRRK2, thereby improving our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	115-120
28752899-5	2018	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of P2Y6R or knockdown of P2Y6R using a siRNA exerted an increased protective effect by preventing MPP+ -induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	228-259
28752899-5	2018	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of P2Y6R or knockdown of P2Y6R using a siRNA exerted an increased protective effect by preventing MPP+ -induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	261-265
28752899-5	2018	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of P2Y6R or knockdown of P2Y6R using a siRNA exerted an increased protective effect by preventing MPP+ -induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	317-339
28752899-5	2018	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of P2Y6R or knockdown of P2Y6R using a siRNA exerted an increased protective effect by preventing MPP+ -induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	341-345
28752899-7	2018	Additionally, P2Y6R knockdown also significantly reversed both the loss of cell viability and the increase in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK1/2) and p38 (p-p38) caused by MPP+ stimulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	207-210
28774789-6	2018	The in vitro study confirmed a significant decrease of CBS expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-stimulated astrocytes and microglia, but not in neurons or SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	55-58
29291419-2	2018	MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro study, OECs-Nurr1-Ngn2 conditioned medium (CM) was added to MPP+-treated PC12 cells for 24h, and then the viability of PC12 cells, oxidative stress and apoptosis were detected.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	neurogenin 2	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
29258821-2	2018	We show that MPP+-induced neurotoxicity was dependent on ROS from neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in nNOS-expressing PC12 cells (NPC12 cells) and rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-92
29258821-2	2018	We show that MPP+-induced neurotoxicity was dependent on ROS from neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in nNOS-expressing PC12 cells (NPC12 cells) and rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
29258821-3	2018	Following MPP+ treatment, we found production of 8-nitroguanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (8-nitro-cGMP), a second messenger in the NO/ROS redox signaling pathway, in NPC12 cells and rat CGNs, that subsequently induced S-guanylation and activation of H-Ras.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	254-259
29258821-4	2018	Additionally, following MPP+ treatment, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation was enhanced.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	40-75
29258821-4	2018	Additionally, following MPP+ treatment, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation was enhanced.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
29258821-5	2018	Treatment with a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor attenuated MPP+-induced ERK phosphorylation and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
29258821-5	2018	Treatment with a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor attenuated MPP+-induced ERK phosphorylation and neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
29258821-6	2018	In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that NO/ROS redox signaling via 8-nitro-cGMP is involved in MPP+-induced neurotoxicity and that 8-nitro-cGMP activates H-Ras/ERK signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	168-173
29258821-6	2018	In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that NO/ROS redox signaling via 8-nitro-cGMP is involved in MPP+-induced neurotoxicity and that 8-nitro-cGMP activates H-Ras/ERK signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	174-177
28774789-12	2018	Moreover, glial CBS overexpression offered protection to midbrain dopaminergic neurons through repressing nitric oxide overproduction in both glial and neuronal cells induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	178-182	cystathionine beta-synthase	Mus musculus	16-19
28851138-0	2018	SIRT1 mediates salidroside-elicited protective effects against MPP+ -induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells: involvement in suppressing MAPK pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
28851138-6	2018	Our findings revealed that salidroside attenuates MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity as evidenced by the increase in cell viability, and the decreases in the caspase-3 activity and apoptosis ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	151-160
28851138-10	2018	Finally, we found that the inhibition of salidroside on MPP+ -induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) were also reversed by sirtinol in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
28851138-10	2018	Finally, we found that the inhibition of salidroside on MPP+ -induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) were also reversed by sirtinol in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	94-131
28851138-7	2018	Simultaneously, salidroside pretreatment remarkably increased SIRT1 activity, SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels in MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cell.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	78-83
28851138-10	2018	Finally, we found that the inhibition of salidroside on MPP+ -induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) were also reversed by sirtinol in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	133-136
28851138-8	2018	However, sirtinol, a SIRT1 activation inhibitor, significantly blocked the inhibitory effects of salidroside on MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	21-26
28851138-9	2018	In addition, salidroside abolished MPP+ -induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the up-regulation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression, the down-regulations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) level in SH-SY5Y cells, while these effects were also blocked by sirtinol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	119-134
28851138-10	2018	Finally, we found that the inhibition of salidroside on MPP+ -induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) were also reversed by sirtinol in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	142-167
28851138-10	2018	Finally, we found that the inhibition of salidroside on MPP+ -induced phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) were also reversed by sirtinol in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	169-172
28851138-9	2018	In addition, salidroside abolished MPP+ -induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the up-regulation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression, the down-regulations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) level in SH-SY5Y cells, while these effects were also blocked by sirtinol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Homo sapiens	136-140
28851138-11	2018	Taken together, these results indicated that SIRT1 contributes to the neuroprotection of salidroside against MPP+ -induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, in part through suppressing of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
28062948-8	2018	In MPP+-induced cellular model of PD, reduction in prohibitin level was found to be associated with a loss in its binding with Ndufs3, a mitochondrial complex I protein partner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	3-7	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	51-61
28851138-11	2018	Taken together, these results indicated that SIRT1 contributes to the neuroprotection of salidroside against MPP+ -induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, in part through suppressing of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	220-224
27957685-3	2018	In the present study, we found that MPP+ treatment increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that activates and upregulates the expression and function of melastatin-like transient receptor potential (TRPM) subfamily member, melastatin-like transient receptor potential channel 2 (TRPM2).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	292-297
27957685-6	2018	Intracellular Ca2+ overload caused by MPP+-induced ROS also affected calpain activity, followed by increased caspase 3 activities and activation of downstream apoptotic pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	109-118
27957685-8	2018	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of TRPM2 or knockdown of TRPM2 using siRNA, but not control siRNA, showed an increased protection by preventing MPP+-induced Ca2+ increase and inhibited apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-156	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
27957685-8	2018	Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of TRPM2 or knockdown of TRPM2 using siRNA, but not control siRNA, showed an increased protection by preventing MPP+-induced Ca2+ increase and inhibited apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-156	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
27957685-9	2018	Taken together, we show here a novel role for TRPM2 expression and function in MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	46-51
30513525-10	2018	Additionally, ERK small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to investigate the mechanisms underlying MPP+-induced oxidative stress and the regulation of the endogenous anti-oxidant system.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
27957685-0	2018	TRPM2 Promotes Neurotoxin MPP+/MPTP-Induced Cell Death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-30	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
28062948-10	2018	These protective phenomena exerted by prohibitin over-expression altogether hinder caspase 3 activation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	83-92
28062948-8	2018	In MPP+-induced cellular model of PD, reduction in prohibitin level was found to be associated with a loss in its binding with Ndufs3, a mitochondrial complex I protein partner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	3-7	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S3	Homo sapiens	127-133
28062948-9	2018	Prohibitin over-expression resisted MPP+-induced neuronal death by restoring mitochondrial membrane potential, preventing reactive oxygen species generation and cytochrome c release into cytosol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
28062948-9	2018	Prohibitin over-expression resisted MPP+-induced neuronal death by restoring mitochondrial membrane potential, preventing reactive oxygen species generation and cytochrome c release into cytosol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	161-173
28062948-10	2018	These protective phenomena exerted by prohibitin over-expression altogether hinder caspase 3 activation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	38-48
29982258-6	2018	Cyanidin significantly reduced MPP+-induced apoptosis, this is reflected by decreased TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining and caspase-3 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	86-89
29982258-6	2018	Cyanidin significantly reduced MPP+-induced apoptosis, this is reflected by decreased TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining and caspase-3 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	135-144
29982258-7	2018	Further, MPP+ increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which was partly reversed by cyanidin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	28-31
29982258-7	2018	Further, MPP+ increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which was partly reversed by cyanidin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	32-37
29383190-7	2017	Results: Loss of Oct3-/- in primary hepatocytes resulted in significantly reduced OCT activity determined by [3H]MPP+ uptake in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	17-21
29257079-0	2017	Sulfuretin Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity through Akt/GSK3beta and ERK Signaling Pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
29257079-0	2017	Sulfuretin Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity through Akt/GSK3beta and ERK Signaling Pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	61-69
29257079-0	2017	Sulfuretin Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity through Akt/GSK3beta and ERK Signaling Pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	74-77
29257079-6	2017	Sulfuretin significantly decreased MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death, accompanied by a reduction in caspase 3 activity and polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	123-148
29257079-6	2017	Sulfuretin significantly decreased MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death, accompanied by a reduction in caspase 3 activity and polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
29257079-10	2017	Pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K/Akt and ERK abolished the cytoprotective effects of sulfuretin against MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
29257079-12	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that sulfuretin significantly attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through Akt/GSK3beta and ERK signaling pathways in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
29257079-12	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that sulfuretin significantly attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through Akt/GSK3beta and ERK signaling pathways in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	118-126
29257079-12	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that sulfuretin significantly attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through Akt/GSK3beta and ERK signaling pathways in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
28852926-6	2017	Meanwhile, TSG markedly upregulated the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, reversed release of Cytochrome c, and inhibited the activation of caspase-3 induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	144-148	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	123-132
28958159-0	2017	miR-124-3p attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting STAT3 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	0-10
28958159-0	2017	miR-124-3p attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting STAT3 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	64-69
28958159-5	2017	It is observed that miR-124-3p expression was decreased, and STAT3 expression was increased in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	20-30
28958159-5	2017	It is observed that miR-124-3p expression was decreased, and STAT3 expression was increased in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	61-66
28958159-6	2017	miR-124-3p overexpression attenuated MPP+-induced neuronal injury, displayed as increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase activities, as well as reduced cell apoptosis, Caspase-3 activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity, inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta levels and reactive oxygen species generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	0-10
28958159-6	2017	miR-124-3p overexpression attenuated MPP+-induced neuronal injury, displayed as increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase activities, as well as reduced cell apoptosis, Caspase-3 activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity, inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta levels and reactive oxygen species generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	250-259
28958159-6	2017	miR-124-3p overexpression attenuated MPP+-induced neuronal injury, displayed as increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase activities, as well as reduced cell apoptosis, Caspase-3 activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity, inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta levels and reactive oxygen species generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	265-273
28958159-8	2017	Restored STAT3 expression reversed miR-124-3p-induced neuroprotective effects against MPP+-mediated neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	86-90	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	9-14
28958159-8	2017	Restored STAT3 expression reversed miR-124-3p-induced neuroprotective effects against MPP+-mediated neuronal injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	86-90	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	35-45
28853308-0	2017	Insulin suppresses MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by targeting integrins and syndecans in C6 astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
28853308-4	2017	In this study, pre-treatment of insulin inhibited MPP+-induced cell membrane damages on LDH and NO releases, which also inhibited the iNOS and Cox-2 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	insulin	Homo sapiens	32-39
28853308-4	2017	In this study, pre-treatment of insulin inhibited MPP+-induced cell membrane damages on LDH and NO releases, which also inhibited the iNOS and Cox-2 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	inositol-3-phosphate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
28853308-4	2017	In this study, pre-treatment of insulin inhibited MPP+-induced cell membrane damages on LDH and NO releases, which also inhibited the iNOS and Cox-2 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	143-148
28853308-7	2017	Furthermore, MPP+-induced toxicity diminished the integrin beta3, alphaV, syndecan-1 and -3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	integrin subunit beta 3	Homo sapiens	50-64
28853308-7	2017	Furthermore, MPP+-induced toxicity diminished the integrin beta3, alphaV, syndecan-1 and -3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	syndecan 1	Homo sapiens	74-91
28853308-9	2017	These findings suggest that insulin prevents MPP+-induced toxicity through activation of PI3K, p-GSK-3beta, autophagy, integrins and syndecans pathways in C6 glial cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
28853308-9	2017	These findings suggest that insulin prevents MPP+-induced toxicity through activation of PI3K, p-GSK-3beta, autophagy, integrins and syndecans pathways in C6 glial cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	97-106
29285094-8	2017	Meanwhile, AS-IV remarkably rescued MPP+-induced cell viability reduction, increase in cell apoptosis rate, and upregulation of p-JNK, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	135-138
29285094-8	2017	Meanwhile, AS-IV remarkably rescued MPP+-induced cell viability reduction, increase in cell apoptosis rate, and upregulation of p-JNK, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	139-144
29285094-8	2017	Meanwhile, AS-IV remarkably rescued MPP+-induced cell viability reduction, increase in cell apoptosis rate, and upregulation of p-JNK, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	caspase 3	Mus musculus	155-164
28822073-3	2017	IRN markedly reduced MPP+-induced-ERS responses, indicative of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) phosphorylation and caspase-12 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	caspase 12	Rattus norvegicus	118-128
28986122-2	2017	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is well known neurotoxin which increases alpha-SYN expression and causes dopaminergic neuronal death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	76-85
28822073-6	2017	Inhibitions of MPP+-induced both cytochrome c release and caspase-9 activation by IRN were blocked by pre-treatment with DPI or pifithrin-alpha, but not by IRE-1alpha shRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	caspase 9	Rattus norvegicus	58-67
28986122-9	2017	MPP+ treatment, however, significantly increased luciferase activity of human alpha-SYN 3"-UTR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	78-87
29062606-7	2017	Cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased by nicotine in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned mice and in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	8-38
27943621-6	2017	The mechanism of protection of HPLs involved specific signalling pathways: whereas the Akt pathway was activated by HPLs under all conditions, the MEK pathway appeared to be more specifically involved in protection against MPP+ toxicity in LUHMES and, in a lesser extent, in staurosporine toxicity in NSC-34.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	223-227	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	147-150
28887039-7	2017	rHMGB1 blocked the reduction of TH mRNA following MPP+ treatment without altering cell survival rates.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
28887039-7	2017	rHMGB1 blocked the reduction of TH mRNA following MPP+ treatment without altering cell survival rates.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	32-34
29067118-8	2017	The results indicated that treatment with MPP+ causes a significant decrease in the viability of cells and an increase in apoptosis, as evidenced by the upregulation of apoptotic cells, caspase-3 activity and cytochrome c expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	186-195
29067118-8	2017	The results indicated that treatment with MPP+ causes a significant decrease in the viability of cells and an increase in apoptosis, as evidenced by the upregulation of apoptotic cells, caspase-3 activity and cytochrome c expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	209-221
29067118-10	2017	Tectorigenin also inhibited the MPP+-induced changes of Bax and Bcl-2 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	56-59
29067118-10	2017	Tectorigenin also inhibited the MPP+-induced changes of Bax and Bcl-2 levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	64-69
29067118-12	2017	Simultaneously, tectorigenin abolished the downregulation of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, that was induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	catalase	Homo sapiens	114-122
27785754-5	2017	While HDAC4 normally localizes to the cytoplasm, nuclear accumulation of HDAC4 was observed in dopaminergic neurons overexpressing A53T mutant alpha-synuclein treated with MPP+/MPTP in vitro and in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	histone deacetylase 4	Homo sapiens	73-78
27785754-5	2017	While HDAC4 normally localizes to the cytoplasm, nuclear accumulation of HDAC4 was observed in dopaminergic neurons overexpressing A53T mutant alpha-synuclein treated with MPP+/MPTP in vitro and in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	143-158
27785754-8	2017	Treatment with PKCepsilon-specific activators, DCP-LA or Bryostatin 1, provided neuroprotection against MPP+ toxicity in a dose-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	protein kinase C epsilon	Homo sapiens	15-25
29062606-7	2017	Cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased by nicotine in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned mice and in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	40-46
29062606-7	2017	Cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased by nicotine in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned mice and in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	caspase 3	Mus musculus	60-69
28807729-8	2017	In addition, 6-OHDA and MPP+ induced the reduced levels of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3a and DNMT3b but not DNMT1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	59-90
28807729-8	2017	In addition, 6-OHDA and MPP+ induced the reduced levels of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3a and DNMT3b but not DNMT1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	DNA methyltransferase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	95-101
28807729-8	2017	In addition, 6-OHDA and MPP+ induced the reduced levels of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3a and DNMT3b but not DNMT1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	DNA methyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	110-115
28972959-9	2017	Furthermore, paeonol repressed MPP+ -induced elevation of p-JNK/p-ERK in primary cultured astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	60-63
28972959-9	2017	Furthermore, paeonol repressed MPP+ -induced elevation of p-JNK/p-ERK in primary cultured astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
28972959-10	2017	CONCLUSIONS The present study found that paeonol protected cells from apoptosis by repressing the activation of the JNK/ERK related signalling pathway induced by MPP+ in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	116-119
28972959-10	2017	CONCLUSIONS The present study found that paeonol protected cells from apoptosis by repressing the activation of the JNK/ERK related signalling pathway induced by MPP+ in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	120-123
28631231-6	2017	We found that MPP+ induced neuronal death and the activation of caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	caspase 3	Mus musculus	64-73
27641077-7	2017	The uptake of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine by MDCK/hPMAT, MDCK/rPmat and Flp293/mPmat cells was significantly increased compared with those by the mock transfection control.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	51-56
27641077-9	2017	The hPMAT-, rPmat- and mPmat-mediated uptakes of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine were saturable, with Km values of 33.7muM, 70.2muM and 49.5muM (MPP+), 116muM, 82.9muM and 231muM (serotonin), and 201muM, 271muM and 466muM (dopamine), respectively, suggesting similar substrate affinities between human and rodent PMAT/Pmat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-52	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	4-9
27641077-9	2017	The hPMAT-, rPmat- and mPmat-mediated uptakes of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine were saturable, with Km values of 33.7muM, 70.2muM and 49.5muM (MPP+), 116muM, 82.9muM and 231muM (serotonin), and 201muM, 271muM and 466muM (dopamine), respectively, suggesting similar substrate affinities between human and rodent PMAT/Pmat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-52	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	5-9
27641077-9	2017	The hPMAT-, rPmat- and mPmat-mediated uptakes of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine were saturable, with Km values of 33.7muM, 70.2muM and 49.5muM (MPP+), 116muM, 82.9muM and 231muM (serotonin), and 201muM, 271muM and 466muM (dopamine), respectively, suggesting similar substrate affinities between human and rodent PMAT/Pmat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-52	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	13-17
27641077-9	2017	The hPMAT-, rPmat- and mPmat-mediated uptakes of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine were saturable, with Km values of 33.7muM, 70.2muM and 49.5muM (MPP+), 116muM, 82.9muM and 231muM (serotonin), and 201muM, 271muM and 466muM (dopamine), respectively, suggesting similar substrate affinities between human and rodent PMAT/Pmat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	4-9
27641077-9	2017	The hPMAT-, rPmat- and mPmat-mediated uptakes of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine were saturable, with Km values of 33.7muM, 70.2muM and 49.5muM (MPP+), 116muM, 82.9muM and 231muM (serotonin), and 201muM, 271muM and 466muM (dopamine), respectively, suggesting similar substrate affinities between human and rodent PMAT/Pmat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	5-9
27641077-9	2017	The hPMAT-, rPmat- and mPmat-mediated uptakes of MPP+, serotonin and dopamine were saturable, with Km values of 33.7muM, 70.2muM and 49.5muM (MPP+), 116muM, 82.9muM and 231muM (serotonin), and 201muM, 271muM and 466muM (dopamine), respectively, suggesting similar substrate affinities between human and rodent PMAT/Pmat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	13-17
28849030-12	2017	VAPs prevented MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death by affecting the p-JNK pathway and caspase-12-mediated apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	66-69
28827046-6	2017	Whereas, increased expression of PON2 as a result of EB treatment was observed, this phenomenon could be one of the mechanism by which the steroid conferred protection to dopaminergic cells against MPP+ injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-202	paraoxonase 2	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
27722926-6	2017	The astrocytic calcium-binding protein S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/S100B ratio was decreased following MPP+ administration (18 mug/mouse).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	S100 protein, beta polypeptide, neural	Mus musculus	39-44
27722926-6	2017	The astrocytic calcium-binding protein S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/S100B ratio was decreased following MPP+ administration (18 mug/mouse).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Mus musculus	49-80
27722926-6	2017	The astrocytic calcium-binding protein S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/S100B ratio was decreased following MPP+ administration (18 mug/mouse).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Mus musculus	82-86
27722926-6	2017	The astrocytic calcium-binding protein S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/S100B ratio was decreased following MPP+ administration (18 mug/mouse).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	S100 protein, beta polypeptide, neural	Mus musculus	88-93
27722926-8	2017	Also, MPP+ at a dose of 18 mug/mouse increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione (GSH) levels and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) immunocontent, suggesting a significant role for oxidative stress in the MPP+-induced striatal damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	6-10	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	171-192
28946914-10	2017	ATGL expression in 17beta-E2 group was significantly higher than control group (P &lt; 0.05), which was abolished by ERalpha antagonist MPP or LPS.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-139	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2	Mus musculus	0-4
28946914-10	2017	ATGL expression in 17beta-E2 group was significantly higher than control group (P &lt; 0.05), which was abolished by ERalpha antagonist MPP or LPS.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-139	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	117-124
28939911-5	2017	Furthermore, RNAi-mediated depletion of CIB1 in primary dopaminergic neurons potentiated 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyrinidium (MPP+)-induced neuronal death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-123	calcium and integrin binding 1 (calmyrin)	Mus musculus	40-44
28939911-6	2017	CIB1 physically associated with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and thereby inhibited the MPP+-induced stimulation of the ASK1-mediated signaling cascade.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	calcium and integrin binding 1 (calmyrin)	Mus musculus	0-4
28939911-6	2017	CIB1 physically associated with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and thereby inhibited the MPP+-induced stimulation of the ASK1-mediated signaling cascade.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Mus musculus	32-68
28939911-6	2017	CIB1 physically associated with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and thereby inhibited the MPP+-induced stimulation of the ASK1-mediated signaling cascade.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Mus musculus	70-74
28939911-6	2017	CIB1 physically associated with apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and thereby inhibited the MPP+-induced stimulation of the ASK1-mediated signaling cascade.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Mus musculus	134-138
28939911-7	2017	These findings suggest that CIB1 plays a protective role in MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by blocking ASK1-mediated signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	calcium and integrin binding 1 (calmyrin)	Mus musculus	28-32
28939911-7	2017	These findings suggest that CIB1 plays a protective role in MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by blocking ASK1-mediated signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Mus musculus	104-108
28688763-5	2017	Therefore, we further investigated the role of SLC30A10 in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpiridium ion (MPP+)-induced intracellular stress, and the molecular mechanism underlying SLC30A10 induction by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	191-195	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	169-177
28688763-7	2017	Interestingly, the level of SLC30A10 mRNA was significantly increased by tunicamycin as an ER stressor, suggesting that the induction of SLC30A10 by MPP+ was caused via ER stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	28-36
28688763-7	2017	Interestingly, the level of SLC30A10 mRNA was significantly increased by tunicamycin as an ER stressor, suggesting that the induction of SLC30A10 by MPP+ was caused via ER stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	137-145
28688763-8	2017	Considering that PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway is activated under ER stress induced by MPP+, we investigated whether the expression of SLC30A10 is increased through ATF4, which is major transcription factor in PERK pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	17-54
28688763-8	2017	Considering that PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway is activated under ER stress induced by MPP+, we investigated whether the expression of SLC30A10 is increased through ATF4, which is major transcription factor in PERK pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	56-60
28688763-9	2017	The increase of SLC30A10 expression in MPP+-treated cells was eliminated by ATF4 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	16-24
28688763-9	2017	The increase of SLC30A10 expression in MPP+-treated cells was eliminated by ATF4 knockdown.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	76-80
28688763-10	2017	And the protective role of SLC30A10 against MPP+-induced ER stress was confirmed by measuring cell viability in SLC30A10 knockdown cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	27-35
28688763-10	2017	And the protective role of SLC30A10 against MPP+-induced ER stress was confirmed by measuring cell viability in SLC30A10 knockdown cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	112-120
28688763-11	2017	In conclusion, SLC30A10 is thought to have protective role for MPP+-induced toxicity via PERK-ATF4 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	solute carrier family 30 member 10	Homo sapiens	15-23
28688763-11	2017	In conclusion, SLC30A10 is thought to have protective role for MPP+-induced toxicity via PERK-ATF4 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	89-93
28688763-11	2017	In conclusion, SLC30A10 is thought to have protective role for MPP+-induced toxicity via PERK-ATF4 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	activating transcription factor 4	Homo sapiens	94-98
28627368-0	2017	Photoactivation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury in a cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
28627368-0	2017	Photoactivation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury in a cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
28627368-5	2017	Taken together, for the first time to our knowledge, the results showed that LPLI attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through activation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway, suggesting that the manipulation of VMAT2 by LPLI may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	142-145
28627368-0	2017	Photoactivation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury in a cellular model of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	28-33
28627368-5	2017	Taken together, for the first time to our knowledge, the results showed that LPLI attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through activation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway, suggesting that the manipulation of VMAT2 by LPLI may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	146-150
28627368-5	2017	Taken together, for the first time to our knowledge, the results showed that LPLI attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through activation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway, suggesting that the manipulation of VMAT2 by LPLI may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	151-156
28627368-3	2017	In the present study, we demonstrated that LPLI protects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via upregulation of VMAT2 in SH-SY5Y human dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	112-117
28627368-5	2017	Taken together, for the first time to our knowledge, the results showed that LPLI attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through activation of ERK/CREB/VMAT2 pathway, suggesting that the manipulation of VMAT2 by LPLI may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	202-207
28429275-2	2017	Recently we have shown that TGF-beta1 pretreatment in vitro protects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced dopaminergic neuronal loss that characterizes in Parkinson"s disease (PD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-37
28962208-0	2017	Astragaloside IV rescues MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction through upregulation of methionine sulfoxide reductase A.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase	Rattus norvegicus	88-118
28962208-4	2017	This revealed that oxidative stress reduced the expression of MsrA following MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	methionine sulfoxide reductase A	Rattus norvegicus	62-66
28962208-5	2017	AS-IV was demonstrated to protect PC12 cells from MPP+-induced oxidative damage through upregulating MsrA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	methionine sulfoxide reductase A	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
28734031-2	2017	The aim of this study is to investigate the role of DEC1 in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPP+ )-induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	basic helix-loop-helix family, member e40	Mus musculus	52-56
28734031-9	2017	In SY-SY5Y cells, MPP+ significantly suppressed DEC1 expression and increased the cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	basic helix-loop-helix family, member e40	Mus musculus	48-52
28734031-9	2017	In SY-SY5Y cells, MPP+ significantly suppressed DEC1 expression and increased the cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	caspase 3	Mus musculus	90-99
28734031-9	2017	In SY-SY5Y cells, MPP+ significantly suppressed DEC1 expression and increased the cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	caspase 3	Mus musculus	100-109
28734031-9	2017	In SY-SY5Y cells, MPP+ significantly suppressed DEC1 expression and increased the cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	114-117
28734031-9	2017	In SY-SY5Y cells, MPP+ significantly suppressed DEC1 expression and increased the cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	118-123
28734031-10	2017	DEC1 overexpression relieved, whereas DEC1 knockdown aggravated MPP+ -induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	basic helix-loop-helix family, member e40	Mus musculus	38-42
28734031-12	2017	Interestingly, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt signaling, aggravated, whereas LiCl, an activator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, abolished the reduction in DEC1 by MPP+ .	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	basic helix-loop-helix family, member e40	Mus musculus	158-162
28734031-15	2017	CONCLUSION: Downregulation of DEC1 contributes to MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity by suppressing PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	basic helix-loop-helix family, member e40	Mus musculus	30-34
28734031-15	2017	CONCLUSION: Downregulation of DEC1 contributes to MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity by suppressing PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	98-101
28734031-15	2017	CONCLUSION: Downregulation of DEC1 contributes to MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity by suppressing PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	102-110
28429275-8	2017	TGF-beta1 intracerebroventricular administration alleviated MPP+-induced PD-like changes in pathology, motor coordination and behavior.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
28429275-12	2017	Importantly, neuronal exposure to supernatants of primary microglia that had been treated with TGF-beta1 reduced dopaminergic neuronal loss and caspase-3/9 activation induced by MPP+-treated microglial supernatants.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	178-182	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
28429275-12	2017	Importantly, neuronal exposure to supernatants of primary microglia that had been treated with TGF-beta1 reduced dopaminergic neuronal loss and caspase-3/9 activation induced by MPP+-treated microglial supernatants.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	178-182	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	144-153
28673772-3	2017	MPP+ is taken up by the dopamine transporter (DAT) into DA neurons where it exerts its neurotoxic action on mitochondria by affecting complex I of the respiratory chain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	24-44
28673772-3	2017	MPP+ is taken up by the dopamine transporter (DAT) into DA neurons where it exerts its neurotoxic action on mitochondria by affecting complex I of the respiratory chain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	46-49
28673772-4	2017	MPP+ is also a high affinity substrate for the serotonin transporter (SERT), however little is known about possible toxic effects of MPP+ on serotonergic (5-HT) neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4	Mus musculus	47-68
28673772-4	2017	MPP+ is also a high affinity substrate for the serotonin transporter (SERT), however little is known about possible toxic effects of MPP+ on serotonergic (5-HT) neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4	Mus musculus	70-74
28659791-0	2017	Pentazocine Protects SN4741 Cells Against MPP+-Induced Cell Damage via Up-Regulation of the Canonical Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	106-118
28583325-6	2017	LIPUS decreased MPP+-induced oxidative stress by modulating antioxidant proteins, including thioredoxin-1 and heme oxygenase-1, and prevented neurocytotoxicity via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and ERK1/2 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	thioredoxin 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-105
28583325-6	2017	LIPUS decreased MPP+-induced oxidative stress by modulating antioxidant proteins, including thioredoxin-1 and heme oxygenase-1, and prevented neurocytotoxicity via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and ERK1/2 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-126
28583325-6	2017	LIPUS decreased MPP+-induced oxidative stress by modulating antioxidant proteins, including thioredoxin-1 and heme oxygenase-1, and prevented neurocytotoxicity via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and ERK1/2 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	201-204
28583325-6	2017	LIPUS decreased MPP+-induced oxidative stress by modulating antioxidant proteins, including thioredoxin-1 and heme oxygenase-1, and prevented neurocytotoxicity via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and ERK1/2 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	209-215
28450223-2	2017	Recent results from our group and others demonstrated that selective activation of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) with the agonist G1 can protect DA neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxins.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-207	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Mus musculus	83-118
28450223-2	2017	Recent results from our group and others demonstrated that selective activation of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) with the agonist G1 can protect DA neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxins.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-207	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Mus musculus	120-124
27339879-6	2017	Consistently, we demonstrated that caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed caspase-7/PARP1/AIF-mediated apoptosis pathway by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	35-44
27339879-6	2017	Consistently, we demonstrated that caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed caspase-7/PARP1/AIF-mediated apoptosis pathway by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	caspase 7	Homo sapiens	66-75
27339879-6	2017	Consistently, we demonstrated that caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed caspase-7/PARP1/AIF-mediated apoptosis pathway by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
27339879-6	2017	Consistently, we demonstrated that caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed caspase-7/PARP1/AIF-mediated apoptosis pathway by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria associated 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
28590753-6	2017	One selected potent hA2A AR antagonist (12, R = H, R6 = 4-methoxyphenyl) demonstrated some ability to counteract MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in cultured human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, a widely used in vitro Parkinson"s disease model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1	Homo sapiens	25-27
28494419-7	2017	In addition, MPP+-induced changes of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and protein expressions were also reversed by TF pretreatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	37-42
28494419-7	2017	In addition, MPP+-induced changes of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA and protein expressions were also reversed by TF pretreatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	47-50
28770951-4	2017	MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium Iodide (MPP(+)) as a tool for constructing the Parkinson"s cell model, using mir181c mimics to construct an experimental model of acquisition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-72	microRNA 181c	Rattus norvegicus	136-143
28659791-10	2017	These results suggest that pentazocine alleviates MPP+-induced SN4741 cells apoptosis via the up-regulation of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	125-137
28572562-8	2017	RESULTS RvD1 dose-dependently inhibited MPP+ induced upregulation of PC12 cell apoptosis/cellular damage/TNF-alpha and p-P38/p-ERK/NF-kappaB as well as downregulation of PC12 cell viability.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-43	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	105-114
28572562-8	2017	RESULTS RvD1 dose-dependently inhibited MPP+ induced upregulation of PC12 cell apoptosis/cellular damage/TNF-alpha and p-P38/p-ERK/NF-kappaB as well as downregulation of PC12 cell viability.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-43	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	121-124
28572562-8	2017	RESULTS RvD1 dose-dependently inhibited MPP+ induced upregulation of PC12 cell apoptosis/cellular damage/TNF-alpha and p-P38/p-ERK/NF-kappaB as well as downregulation of PC12 cell viability.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-43	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
28611589-0	2017	Mitochondrial Effects of PGC-1alpha Silencing in MPP+ Treated Human SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	25-35
28366826-1	2017	sativa inhibits homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2), attenuating MPP+-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	16-56
28366826-1	2017	sativa inhibits homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2), attenuating MPP+-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	58-63
28366826-8	2017	Moreover, cell morphology, flow cytometry and western blot assay suggested that ZMHC inhibited HIPK2, which attenuated MPP+-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-123	homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	95-100
28569794-5	2017	In MES23.5 cells, P7C3 inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3beta) activation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	66-74
28611589-6	2017	Remarkably, a reduction in PGC-1alpha resulted in the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ATP content and intracellular H2O2 generation, leading to the translocation of cytochrome c (cyt c) to the cytoplasm in the MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	239-243	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	27-37
28611589-6	2017	Remarkably, a reduction in PGC-1alpha resulted in the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ATP content and intracellular H2O2 generation, leading to the translocation of cytochrome c (cyt c) to the cytoplasm in the MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	239-243	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	194-206
28611589-6	2017	Remarkably, a reduction in PGC-1alpha resulted in the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ATP content and intracellular H2O2 generation, leading to the translocation of cytochrome c (cyt c) to the cytoplasm in the MPP+-induced PD cell model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	239-243	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	208-213
28443637-4	2017	We previously revealed that mild MPP+ exposure (10 and 200 muM), which induces gradual cell death, impairs autophagosome degradation at 48 h. In the present study, we further investigated the specific events of mild MPP+ exposure and revealed that mild MPP+ exposure causes the cell death through glucose starvation, but not acute toxic model (2.5 and 5 mM).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	latexin	Homo sapiens	59-62
28522852-8	2017	Blocking Kv3.4 function using BDS-II, a Kv3.4-specific inhibitor, protected SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced neural cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-101	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 4	Homo sapiens	9-14
28522852-8	2017	Blocking Kv3.4 function using BDS-II, a Kv3.4-specific inhibitor, protected SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced neural cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-101	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 4	Homo sapiens	40-45
28522852-9	2017	Kv3.4 inhibition blocked MPP+-induced cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space to the cytosol and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, which are characteristic features of apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
28522852-9	2017	Kv3.4 inhibition blocked MPP+-induced cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial intermembrane space to the cytosol and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, which are characteristic features of apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	38-50
28232171-6	2017	Neurotoxins such as MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) can act directly on astrocytes to increase levels of angiotensinogen and AII.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	108-123
28232171-6	2017	Neurotoxins such as MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) can act directly on astrocytes to increase levels of angiotensinogen and AII.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	128-131
26136377-3	2017	The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of alpha-MSH against the neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	STAM binding protein	Homo sapiens	71-80
26136377-4	2017	Our results indicated that treatment with alpha-MSH in M17 cells attenuated MPP+-induced oxidative stress, embodied by exacerbated reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyls.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	STAM binding protein	Homo sapiens	42-51
26136377-7	2017	Importantly, Hoechst staining results indicated that alpha-MSH treatment significantly reduces the number of apoptotic cells after treatment with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	146-150	STAM binding protein	Homo sapiens	53-62
28439401-13	2017	MALAT1 knockdown suppressed MPP+-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, while miR-124 downregulation abrogated this effect.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
28131852-5	2017	The inhibitory effect of Tween 20, Tween 60 and Tween 80 on OCT2-mediated [3H]-MPP+ uptake in the human renal proximal tubular cells (RPTEC/TERT1 cells) was found and the IC50 values was similar to heterologous OCT2 expressing cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
28337124-6	2017	In the present study, we addressed the role of endogenous and exogenous IL4 during MPP+-induced degeneration of mDA neurons in vitro and further addressed the impact of IL4-deficiency on neurodegeneration in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	72-75
28161643-2	2017	In this study, MPP+ was used to treat SH-SY5Y cells as the cellular model of PD to test the role of SIRT3 and the mechanism may be involved in.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	100-105
28161643-5	2017	And our results showed that the enzymatic activities of CS and IDH2 were significantly reduced in MPP+ treatment cells, while protein acetylation of CS and IDH2 increased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	56-58
28161643-5	2017	And our results showed that the enzymatic activities of CS and IDH2 were significantly reduced in MPP+ treatment cells, while protein acetylation of CS and IDH2 increased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2	Homo sapiens	63-67
28161643-5	2017	And our results showed that the enzymatic activities of CS and IDH2 were significantly reduced in MPP+ treatment cells, while protein acetylation of CS and IDH2 increased.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2	Homo sapiens	156-160
28185818-6	2017	Further study disclosed that AF enhanced the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and ERK1/2 down-regulated by MPP+ in SH-SY5Y cells, the effect of which could be blocked by LY294002, the inhibitor of PI3K.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	70-73
28185818-6	2017	Further study disclosed that AF enhanced the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and ERK1/2 down-regulated by MPP+ in SH-SY5Y cells, the effect of which could be blocked by LY294002, the inhibitor of PI3K.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	78-84
28185818-10	2017	Collectively, these results suggested that AF protected dopaminergic neurons against MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity, which might be mediated through activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways in dopaminergic neurons and attenuation of neuroinflammation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	169-172
28185818-10	2017	Collectively, these results suggested that AF protected dopaminergic neurons against MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity, which might be mediated through activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways in dopaminergic neurons and attenuation of neuroinflammation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	177-180
27796870-5	2017	Our results showed that the GPR30 agonist, G1, exhibited puerarin-mediated neuroprotection against MPP+-induced cell death of SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
27137951-0	2017	Protective effects of activated signaling pathways by insulin on C6 glial cell model of MPP+-induced Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	54-61
27137951-3	2017	Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of action of insulin on a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced toxicity of events associated in cell viability and toxicity to the expression profile of cell signaling pathway proteins and genes in rat C6 glial cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	79-86
28082123-5	2017	The expression of thioredoxin-1(Trx-1) was decreased by MPP+, which was restored by nicotine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	thioredoxin 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-31
28082123-5	2017	The expression of thioredoxin-1(Trx-1) was decreased by MPP+, which was restored by nicotine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	32-37
28250973-8	2017	Although MPP+-induced death and ferroptosis shared some features, such as occurrence of lipid peroxidation and inhibition by Fer-1, MPP+-induced death seemed to be distinct from ferroptosis because MPP+-induced death (but not ferroptosis) was inhibited by Nec-1, was independent of p53, and was accompanied by ATP depletion and mitochondrial swelling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	282-285
28212331-7	2017	Further, to evaluate the functional significance of the altered EGFR related gene expression observed in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, the EGFR related GJB2 (Cx26) gene expression was analyzed in an MPP+-intoxicated animal PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	64-68
28151476-3	2017	Here we report that Nedd4-2 mediates the ubiquitination of glutamate transporters in 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated astrocytes and in the midbrain of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-constructed PD model mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated gene 4-like	Mus musculus	20-27
27137951-5	2017	Pretreatment of insulin prevented the cell death and lowered the intracellular reactive oxygen species and calcium ion influx by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	16-23
27137951-7	2017	Moreover, insulin inhibits MPP+-induced Bax to Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	10-17
27137951-7	2017	Moreover, insulin inhibits MPP+-induced Bax to Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
27137951-7	2017	Moreover, insulin inhibits MPP+-induced Bax to Bcl-2 ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
27137951-8	2017	These results suggest that insulin has a protective effect on the MPP+-toxicity in C6 glial cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	insulin	Cricetulus griseus	27-34
27670769-5	2017	The neuroprotective effects of isopsolaren were blocked by the ERalpha antagonist MPP (0.3 mg/kg), but not by the ERbeta receptor antagonist PHTPP (0.3 mg/kg).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-85	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	63-70
27722792-5	2017	Ppt1 -/- neurons, however, were more sensitive to mitochondrial complex I inhibition by MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium), and had significantly decreased sensitivity to chemical anoxia induced by the mitochondrial complex IV inhibitor, sodium azide.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
27796870-10	2017	Taken together, our data strongly suggest that puerarin prevents MPP+-induced cell death via facilitating GPR30 expression and GDNF release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-111
27796870-10	2017	Taken together, our data strongly suggest that puerarin prevents MPP+-induced cell death via facilitating GPR30 expression and GDNF release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	127-131
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	189-197
28106099-0	2017	Nesfatin-1 protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through the C-Raf-ERK1/2-dependent anti-apoptotic pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	nucleobindin 2	Mus musculus	0-10
28106099-0	2017	Nesfatin-1 protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through the C-Raf-ERK1/2-dependent anti-apoptotic pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1	Mus musculus	93-98
28106099-0	2017	Nesfatin-1 protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through the C-Raf-ERK1/2-dependent anti-apoptotic pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	99-105
28106099-6	2017	In addition, nesfatin-1 antagonized 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridillium ion (MPP+)-induced toxicity by restoring mitochondrial function, inhibiting cytochrome C release and preventing caspase-3 activation in MPP+-treated MES23.5 dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	nucleobindin 2	Mus musculus	13-23
28106099-6	2017	In addition, nesfatin-1 antagonized 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridillium ion (MPP+)-induced toxicity by restoring mitochondrial function, inhibiting cytochrome C release and preventing caspase-3 activation in MPP+-treated MES23.5 dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	201-205	nucleobindin 2	Mus musculus	13-23
27894919-0	2017	Resveratrol attenuates MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis via AKT/GSK-3beta pathway in SN4741 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	85-88
27894919-0	2017	Resveratrol attenuates MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis via AKT/GSK-3beta pathway in SN4741 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	89-98
27894919-5	2017	Moreover, Res rescued MPP+- induced a decline on the level of p-AKT, p-GSK-3betaand the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and an elevation on the expression of Bax and caspase-3, 9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	64-67
27894919-5	2017	Moreover, Res rescued MPP+- induced a decline on the level of p-AKT, p-GSK-3betaand the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and an elevation on the expression of Bax and caspase-3, 9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	97-102
27894919-5	2017	Moreover, Res rescued MPP+- induced a decline on the level of p-AKT, p-GSK-3betaand the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and an elevation on the expression of Bax and caspase-3, 9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	103-106
27894919-5	2017	Moreover, Res rescued MPP+- induced a decline on the level of p-AKT, p-GSK-3betaand the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and an elevation on the expression of Bax and caspase-3, 9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	146-149
27894919-5	2017	Moreover, Res rescued MPP+- induced a decline on the level of p-AKT, p-GSK-3betaand the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and an elevation on the expression of Bax and caspase-3, 9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	caspase 3	Mus musculus	154-163
27894919-7	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that Res attenuates MPP+- induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, and these protections may be achieved through AKT/GSK-3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	164-167
27894919-7	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that Res attenuates MPP+- induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, and these protections may be achieved through AKT/GSK-3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	168-177
27908790-0	2017	MPP+ inhibits mGluR1/5-mediated long-term depression in mouse hippocampus by calpain activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1	Mus musculus	14-20
27908790-7	2017	In addition, PTP1B inhibitor also blocked DHPG-induced LTD, mimicking the effect of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1	Mus musculus	13-18
28421199-0	2017	Valproic Acid Protects Primary Dopamine Neurons from MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity: Involvement of GSK3beta Phosphorylation by Akt and ERK through the Mitochondrial Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	96-104
28421199-0	2017	Valproic Acid Protects Primary Dopamine Neurons from MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity: Involvement of GSK3beta Phosphorylation by Akt and ERK through the Mitochondrial Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	124-127
28421199-0	2017	Valproic Acid Protects Primary Dopamine Neurons from MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity: Involvement of GSK3beta Phosphorylation by Akt and ERK through the Mitochondrial Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	132-135
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	231-239
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	80-117
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	119-122
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	189-197
28421199-3	2017	VPA reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial apoptosis and counteracted MPP+-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt repression and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) activation through induction of GSK3beta phosphorylation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	67-71	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	231-239
29234413-0	2017	Salidroside Protects against MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury through DJ-1-Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	66-70
28268219-11	2017	Silencing CD47 gene in Treg cells impaired the ability of Treg cells to protect dopaminergic neurons against MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	CD47 molecule	Homo sapiens	10-14
28268219-15	2017	CONCLUSION: Treg cells protect dopaminergic neurons against MPP+ neurotoxicity by a cell-to-cell contact mechanism underlying CD47-SIRPA interaction and Rac1/Akt activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	CD47 molecule	Homo sapiens	126-130
28268219-15	2017	CONCLUSION: Treg cells protect dopaminergic neurons against MPP+ neurotoxicity by a cell-to-cell contact mechanism underlying CD47-SIRPA interaction and Rac1/Akt activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	signal regulatory protein alpha	Homo sapiens	131-136
28484287-0	2017	miR-135b Plays a Neuroprotective Role by Targeting GSK3beta in MPP+-Intoxicated SH-SY5Y Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-66	microRNA 135b	Homo sapiens	0-8
28484287-0	2017	miR-135b Plays a Neuroprotective Role by Targeting GSK3beta in MPP+-Intoxicated SH-SY5Y Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-66	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	51-59
28484287-3	2017	qRT-PCR and western blot showed that miR-135 was downregulated and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) was upregulated at mRNA and protein levels in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	67-97
28484287-3	2017	qRT-PCR and western blot showed that miR-135 was downregulated and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) was upregulated at mRNA and protein levels in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	99-107
28484287-4	2017	MTT, TUNEL, and ELISA assays revealed that miR-135b overexpression significantly promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis and production of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in SH-SY5Y cells in the presence of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-214	microRNA 135b	Homo sapiens	43-51
28484287-6	2017	Moreover, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a GSK3beta activator, dramatically reversed the effects of miR-135b upregulation on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokine production in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	40-48
28484287-6	2017	Moreover, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a GSK3beta activator, dramatically reversed the effects of miR-135b upregulation on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokine production in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	microRNA 135b	Homo sapiens	97-105
28484287-7	2017	Taken together, miR-135b exerts a protective role via promotion of proliferation and suppression of apoptosis and neuroinflammation by targeting GSK3beta in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells, providing a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	microRNA 135b	Homo sapiens	16-24
28484287-7	2017	Taken together, miR-135b exerts a protective role via promotion of proliferation and suppression of apoptosis and neuroinflammation by targeting GSK3beta in MPP+-intoxicated SH-SY5Y cells, providing a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	145-153
29234413-12	2017	In conclusion, Sal prevented MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through upregulation of DJ-1-Nrf2-antioxidant pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	80-84
29234413-12	2017	In conclusion, Sal prevented MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through upregulation of DJ-1-Nrf2-antioxidant pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
29234413-0	2017	Salidroside Protects against MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury through DJ-1-Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	71-75
29234413-4	2017	In this study, we found that Sal significantly prevented MPP+-induced decrease of mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	113-117
29234413-4	2017	In this study, we found that Sal significantly prevented MPP+-induced decrease of mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	119-123
29234413-4	2017	In this study, we found that Sal significantly prevented MPP+-induced decrease of mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	125-129
29234413-4	2017	In this study, we found that Sal significantly prevented MPP+-induced decrease of mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	135-139
29234413-7	2017	Silencing of Nrf2 significantly suppressed the decrease of apoptosis induced by Sal in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
29234413-8	2017	Sal significantly prevented MPP+-induced decrease of the mRNA and protein expression of DJ-1 in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	88-92
29234413-9	2017	Moreover, silencing of DJ-1 significantly inhibited Sal-induced increase in mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	23-27
29234413-9	2017	Moreover, silencing of DJ-1 significantly inhibited Sal-induced increase in mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-111
29234413-9	2017	Moreover, silencing of DJ-1 significantly inhibited Sal-induced increase in mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	113-117
29234413-9	2017	Moreover, silencing of DJ-1 significantly inhibited Sal-induced increase in mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
29234413-9	2017	Moreover, silencing of DJ-1 significantly inhibited Sal-induced increase in mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2, GCLc, SOD1, and SOD2 in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	129-133
29234413-11	2017	Furthermore, silencing of DJ-1 significantly suppressed the decrease of apoptosis induced by Sal in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	26-30
28280525-5	2017	DNAJB6(S) protected LN18 cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis not only by suppressing Bax cleavage but also by inhibiting a series of apoptotic events including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species, and activation of caspase-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B6	Homo sapiens	0-6
27893608-7	2017	The results show that Ape1 was upregulated in MPP-treated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-49	apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-26
28810246-8	2017	Meanwhile, in vitro studies demonstrated that GPER activation also reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines from BV2 microglial cells after MPP+ stimulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Mus musculus	46-50
28356907-5	2017	We show that protein levels of Bcl-2 and ERK were reduced in the MPP+-treated group compared with the control group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	31-36
28356907-5	2017	We show that protein levels of Bcl-2 and ERK were reduced in the MPP+-treated group compared with the control group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	41-44
27720638-6	2016	RESULTS: Expression of H2AX(Y142F) renders DA neuron-like cells more resistant to DNA damage and subsequent cell death induced by ultraviolet irradiation and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-191	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	23-27
27742410-0	2016	Baicalein attenuates alpha-synuclein aggregation, inflammasome activation and autophagy in the MPP+-treated nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	21-36
27742410-10	2016	Furthermore, MPP+-induced elevations in alpha-synuclein aggregates (a pathological hallmark of PD), ED-1 (a biomarker of activated microglia), activated caspase-1 (a proinflammatory caspase), IL-1beta and cathepsin B (a cysteine lysosomal protease) in the infused SN were attenuated in the baicalein-treated rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	40-55
27742410-10	2016	Furthermore, MPP+-induced elevations in alpha-synuclein aggregates (a pathological hallmark of PD), ED-1 (a biomarker of activated microglia), activated caspase-1 (a proinflammatory caspase), IL-1beta and cathepsin B (a cysteine lysosomal protease) in the infused SN were attenuated in the baicalein-treated rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	192-200
27742410-10	2016	Furthermore, MPP+-induced elevations in alpha-synuclein aggregates (a pathological hallmark of PD), ED-1 (a biomarker of activated microglia), activated caspase-1 (a proinflammatory caspase), IL-1beta and cathepsin B (a cysteine lysosomal protease) in the infused SN were attenuated in the baicalein-treated rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	cathepsin B	Rattus norvegicus	205-216
27742410-11	2016	Moreover, intense immunoreactivities of caspase 1 and cathepsin B were co-localized with that of ED-1 in the MPP+-infused SN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	40-49
27742410-11	2016	Moreover, intense immunoreactivities of caspase 1 and cathepsin B were co-localized with that of ED-1 in the MPP+-infused SN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	cathepsin B	Rattus norvegicus	54-65
27742410-12	2016	At the same time, baicalein inhibited MPP+-induced increases in active caspases 9 and 12 (biomarkers of apoptosis) as well as LC3-II levels (a biomarker of autophagy) in the rat nigrostriatal dopaminergic system.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-79
27742410-13	2016	CONCLUSION: Our in vivo study showed that baicalein possesses anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting alpha-synuclein aggregation, inflammasome activation and cathepsin B production in the MPP+-infused SN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-196	cathepsin B	Rattus norvegicus	162-173
26647301-7	2016	The mitochondrial toxicants and established experimental PD agents, rotenone and MPP+, perturbed genes involved in one-carbon metabolism and transsulfuration pathways (ASS1, CTH, and SHTM2) as in 2D cultures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	argininosuccinate synthase 1	Homo sapiens	168-172
27277280-0	2016	Potent Protection Against MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity via Activating Transcription Factor MEF2D by a Novel Derivative of Naturally Occurring Danshensu/Tetramethylpyrazine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-30	myocyte enhancer factor 2D	Rattus norvegicus	89-94
27277280-9	2016	Taken together, the results suggest that DT-010 prevents MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via enhancing MEF2D through the activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	myocyte enhancer factor 2D	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
27277280-9	2016	Taken together, the results suggest that DT-010 prevents MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via enhancing MEF2D through the activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	135-138
27277280-9	2016	Taken together, the results suggest that DT-010 prevents MPP+-induced neurotoxicity via enhancing MEF2D through the activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	139-147
27651149-11	2016	Furthermore, the MPP+-induced dopamine release was significantly higher in GPR6-/--mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	G protein-coupled receptor 6	Mus musculus	75-79
26647301-7	2016	The mitochondrial toxicants and established experimental PD agents, rotenone and MPP+, perturbed genes involved in one-carbon metabolism and transsulfuration pathways (ASS1, CTH, and SHTM2) as in 2D cultures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	174-177
27523294-2	2016	MPTP is activated by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to MPP+ that inhibits mitochondrial function.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	21-40
27523294-2	2016	MPTP is activated by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to MPP+ that inhibits mitochondrial function.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	42-47
27665784-10	2016	Taken together, these results indicated that ALA protected dopaminergic neurons against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through its ability to upregulate the DNA repair protein, PCNA, via the P53 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
27882077-2	2016	MPP+ is the toxic metabolite of MPTP and is generated by the enzymatic activity of monoamine oxidase B, which is predominantly located in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	83-102
27882077-7	2016	The results of the present study suggested that lithium was able to induce autophagy in astrocytes treated with MPP+, and this likely occurred via activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	191-194
27809287-0	2016	Cx43 Mediates Resistance against MPP+-Induced Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells via Modulating the Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	33-37	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
27809287-7	2016	First, our experiments demonstrated that knocking down Cx43 protein by using Cx43-specific shRNA in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells potentiated MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis evident from decreased cell viability.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	140-144	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
27809287-7	2016	First, our experiments demonstrated that knocking down Cx43 protein by using Cx43-specific shRNA in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells potentiated MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis evident from decreased cell viability.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	140-144	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
27809287-8	2016	In another experiment, we demonstrated that over-expression of Cx43 in the SH-SY5Y cell system decreased MPP+-induced apoptosis based on the MTT assay and reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the release of cytochrome C based on Western blot analysis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
27809287-9	2016	Taken together, our results suggest that Cx43 could mediate resistance against MPP+-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells via modulating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	gap junction protein alpha 1	Homo sapiens	41-45
27665784-3	2016	Previous findings have suggested that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a critical regulatory protein for DNA repair, is involved in dopaminergic neuron damage in the MPP+-induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	176-180	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Rattus norvegicus	38-82
27665784-7	2016	The results demonstrated that ALA efficiently increased the production of PCNA in MPP+-treated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
27665784-10	2016	Taken together, these results indicated that ALA protected dopaminergic neurons against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity through its ability to upregulate the DNA repair protein, PCNA, via the P53 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	187-190
27665784-9	2016	The increase in the expression levels of PCNA by ALA in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells appeared to be mediated by repression of the p53 protein, as the expression of p53 was increased by MPP+-treatment and reduced by ALA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	41-45
27665784-9	2016	The increase in the expression levels of PCNA by ALA in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells appeared to be mediated by repression of the p53 protein, as the expression of p53 was increased by MPP+-treatment and reduced by ALA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	129-132
27665784-9	2016	The increase in the expression levels of PCNA by ALA in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells appeared to be mediated by repression of the p53 protein, as the expression of p53 was increased by MPP+-treatment and reduced by ALA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	163-166
27665784-9	2016	The increase in the expression levels of PCNA by ALA in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells appeared to be mediated by repression of the p53 protein, as the expression of p53 was increased by MPP+-treatment and reduced by ALA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	41-45
27267045-4	2016	RESULTS: We demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) was overproduced on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treatment, which subsequently engendered S-nitrosylation of Parkin (SNO-Parkin), and thus decreased the interaction with Drp1, leading to elevated Drp1 expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	snubnose	Mus musculus	175-178
27665784-9	2016	The increase in the expression levels of PCNA by ALA in the MPP+-treated PC12 cells appeared to be mediated by repression of the p53 protein, as the expression of p53 was increased by MPP+-treatment and reduced by ALA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	163-166
27641114-5	2016	Therefore, we speculated that the protection of H2S against MPP+ neurotoxicity results from inhibiting MPP+-induced aldehyde stress and ER stress via upregulation of BDNF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	166-170
27641114-6	2016	In the present study, we found that NaHS, a donor of H2S, inhibited MPP+-induced aldehyde stress (the accumulations of the intracellular 4-HNE and MDA) and ER stress (the increases in the expressions of GRP78 and Cleaved-caspase-12) in PC12 cells and upregulated the BDNF expression in MPP+-exposed PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	203-208
27641114-6	2016	In the present study, we found that NaHS, a donor of H2S, inhibited MPP+-induced aldehyde stress (the accumulations of the intracellular 4-HNE and MDA) and ER stress (the increases in the expressions of GRP78 and Cleaved-caspase-12) in PC12 cells and upregulated the BDNF expression in MPP+-exposed PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	267-271
27641114-7	2016	Furthermore, we found that pretreatment of PC12 cells with K252a, an inhibitor of the BDNF receptor TrkB, not only markedly reversed the inhibitiory role of NaHS in MPP+-induced aldehyde stress and ER stress, but also ablated the protection of NaHS against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	165-169	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
27641114-8	2016	These data demonstrated that the protective role of H2S against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting aldehyde stress and ER stress, which is involved in upregulation of BDNF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
27646116-0	2016	Insulin on activation of autophagy with integrins and syndecans against MPP+-induced alpha-synuclein neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	insulin	Homo sapiens	0-7
27646116-0	2016	Insulin on activation of autophagy with integrins and syndecans against MPP+-induced alpha-synuclein neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	85-100
27646116-3	2016	In this study, pretreatment of insulin inhibited MPP+-induced cell membrane damages, which also inhibited the Cox-2 and alpha-synuclein levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	insulin	Homo sapiens	31-38
27646116-3	2016	In this study, pretreatment of insulin inhibited MPP+-induced cell membrane damages, which also inhibited the Cox-2 and alpha-synuclein levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	110-115
27646116-3	2016	In this study, pretreatment of insulin inhibited MPP+-induced cell membrane damages, which also inhibited the Cox-2 and alpha-synuclein levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	120-135
27646116-5	2016	Furthermore, MPP+-induced neurotoxicity diminished the integrins beta3, alphaV and induced the syndecan-1 and -3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	syndecan 1	Homo sapiens	95-112
27646116-7	2016	These findings suggest that insulin prevents MPP+-induced alpha-synuclein apoptosis through the activation of integrin and syndecan pathways in SH-SY5Y+RA cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
27646116-7	2016	These findings suggest that insulin prevents MPP+-induced alpha-synuclein apoptosis through the activation of integrin and syndecan pathways in SH-SY5Y+RA cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	58-73
27267045-4	2016	RESULTS: We demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) was overproduced on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treatment, which subsequently engendered S-nitrosylation of Parkin (SNO-Parkin), and thus decreased the interaction with Drp1, leading to elevated Drp1 expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	228-232
27267045-4	2016	RESULTS: We demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) was overproduced on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treatment, which subsequently engendered S-nitrosylation of Parkin (SNO-Parkin), and thus decreased the interaction with Drp1, leading to elevated Drp1 expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	254-258
27267045-7	2016	In addition, NO stress, induced by MPP+, triggered the phosphorylation of Drp1 Ser616 and caused its subsequent recruitment to the mitochondria.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	dynamin 1-like	Mus musculus	74-78
27698762-12	2016	In summary, TFP5 protects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in mouse cortical neurons, possibly through inhibiting the MPP+-induced formation and elevated kinase activity of a cyclin-dependent kinase 5/p25 complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	177-202
27698762-12	2016	In summary, TFP5 protects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in mouse cortical neurons, possibly through inhibiting the MPP+-induced formation and elevated kinase activity of a cyclin-dependent kinase 5/p25 complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	203-206
27698762-12	2016	In summary, TFP5 protects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in mouse cortical neurons, possibly through inhibiting the MPP+-induced formation and elevated kinase activity of a cyclin-dependent kinase 5/p25 complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	177-202
27698762-12	2016	In summary, TFP5 protects against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in mouse cortical neurons, possibly through inhibiting the MPP+-induced formation and elevated kinase activity of a cyclin-dependent kinase 5/p25 complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	203-206
27309572-5	2016	Mild MPP+ exposure reduced lysosomal hydrolase cathepsin D activity without changing lysosomal acidity, whereas acute exposure decreased lysosomal density.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	5-9	cathepsin D	Homo sapiens	47-58
27445691-4	2016	We find that in vitro GPR139 agonists protected primary mesencephalic DA neurons against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-mediated degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	G protein-coupled receptor 139	Homo sapiens	22-28
27159033-7	2016	We found that MPP(+) induced a rapid increase in the ratio of GSSG:total glutathione (a marker of oxidative stress) and mitochondrial fragmentation, Drp1 upregulation within 4 hours, and finally resulted in neuron loss 48 hours after the treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-20	dynamin 1-like	Rattus norvegicus	149-153
27432061-0	2016	Echinacoside Protects Against MPP(+)-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis via ROS/ATF3/CHOP Pathway Regulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-36	activating transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	72-76
27432061-0	2016	Echinacoside Protects Against MPP(+)-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis via ROS/ATF3/CHOP Pathway Regulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-36	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	77-81
27432061-5	2016	ECH markedly decreased the MPP(+)-induced caspase-3 activity in a dose-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-33	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	42-51
27366949-7	2016	Furthermore, using lentiviral knock down of the PPARgamma receptor we showed that, unlike pioglitazone, Delta9-THC resulted in a PPARgamma dependent reduction of MPP+ induced oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	48-57
27366949-7	2016	Furthermore, using lentiviral knock down of the PPARgamma receptor we showed that, unlike pioglitazone, Delta9-THC resulted in a PPARgamma dependent reduction of MPP+ induced oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	129-138
27017962-8	2016	Overexpression of MtFt increased TfR1 and decreased ferroportin 1 induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ions (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-115	solute carrier family 40 (iron-regulated transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	52-65
27540524-3	2016	In this study, we therefore examined the potency of ANXA1 in regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and suppressing pro-inflammatory responses in PC12 cells induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-213	annexin A1	Rattus norvegicus	52-57
27540524-5	2016	ANXA1 transfected cells were then treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	annexin A1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
27569281-6	2016	We investigated the protective effects of overexpressed CypB on MPP+-induced neurocytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	peptidylprolyl isomerase B	Homo sapiens	56-60
27512998-12	2016	Functional analysis has shown that N27-A cells are more sensitive than N27 cells to neurotoxins taken up by the dopamine transporter such as 6-hydroxydopamine and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	190-194	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	112-132
27512998-13	2016	The DAT inhibitor nomifensine can block MPP+ induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
26848562-3	2016	METHODS: We cultured primary neurons and astrocytes from mouse midbrain to investigate the mechanisms for astrocyte ATP13A2-regulated lysosomal function and neuroinflammation following 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+) ) treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	214-217	ATPase type 13A2	Mus musculus	116-123
27253404-4	2016	We found that cdr2 levels were significantly reduced after stereotaxic injection of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) into the striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-116	LOC101060399	Homo sapiens	14-18
27213506-13	2016	Similar to the effect of pinacidil (K+ channel opener), CD200 remarkably depressed MPP+-induced ATP release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	CD200 antigen	Mus musculus	56-61
27167199-6	2016	Consistent with this, IGF-1 decreased dopaminergic neuron death induced by the neurotoxin MPP+ both in the presence and in the absence of glia.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-27
27097841-3	2016	The results showed a time-dependent HO-1 upregulation in primary cultured ventral mesencephalon neurons and astrocytes treated with the mitochondria complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) or recombinant alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-201	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
25976369-10	2016	These results demonstrate that the neuroprotective effect of MAGL inhibition with JZL184 described in animal models of Parkinson"s disease could be extended to in vitro models such as SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	211-214	monoglyceride lipase	Homo sapiens	61-65
26646004-0	2016	Mast Cells Release Chemokine CCL2 in Response to Parkinsonian Toxin 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-Pyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-101	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	29-33
27335538-8	2016	Here we show that inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation through TFP5/TP5, truncated 24-aa peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35 rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP(+)) in a mouse model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	250-253	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	32-35
27335538-8	2016	Here we show that inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation through TFP5/TP5, truncated 24-aa peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35 rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP(+)) in a mouse model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	250-253	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	36-40
27335538-8	2016	Here we show that inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation through TFP5/TP5, truncated 24-aa peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35 rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP(+)) in a mouse model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	250-253	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	116-120
27335538-8	2016	Here we show that inhibition of p25/Cdk5 hyperactivation through TFP5/TP5, truncated 24-aa peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35 rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP(+)) in a mouse model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	250-253	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	131-134
27097841-3	2016	The results showed a time-dependent HO-1 upregulation in primary cultured ventral mesencephalon neurons and astrocytes treated with the mitochondria complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) or recombinant alpha-synuclein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	198-201	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	221-236
27064872-0	2016	Knockdown of JMJD1C, a target gene of hsa-miR-590-3p, inhibits mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in MPP+-treated MES23.5 and SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	jumonji domain containing 1C	Homo sapiens	13-19
26836768-10	2016	In vitro estrogen treatment inhibited neuroinflammation in 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridium (MPP+)-treated cultured astrocyte cells; however, these inhibitory effects were removed by p38 inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	177-180
26364587-5	2016	In this study, pretreatment of insulin prevented the cell death in a dose dependent manner and lowered nitric oxide (NO) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium ion (Ca(2+)) influx induced by MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-207	insulin	Homo sapiens	31-38
26677001-6	2016	In the present study, the exposure of PC12 cells to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) led to the loss of cell viability and decreased the expression levels of PCNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner, indicating that this protein may be involved in the neurotoxic actions of MPP+ in dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
26774050-5	2016	Similarly, AQP4 deficiency augmented the activation of the NF-kappaB pathway and the production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in midbrain astrocyte cultures treated with MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-172	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	99-107
26774050-5	2016	Similarly, AQP4 deficiency augmented the activation of the NF-kappaB pathway and the production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in midbrain astrocyte cultures treated with MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-172	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	112-121
26677001-6	2016	In the present study, the exposure of PC12 cells to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) led to the loss of cell viability and decreased the expression levels of PCNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner, indicating that this protein may be involved in the neurotoxic actions of MPP+ in dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	277-281	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Rattus norvegicus	160-164
26881113-0	2016	TLR4 Signaling in MPP+-Induced Activation of BV-2 Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-4
26648565-0	2016	Knockdown of NogoA prevents MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	reticulon 4	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
26648565-0	2016	Knockdown of NogoA prevents MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
26648565-0	2016	Knockdown of NogoA prevents MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
26648565-4	2016	The present study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of NogoA on cellular viability, apoptosis and autophagy induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in PC12 cells, a commonly used in vitro PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	reticulon 4	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
26648565-6	2016	The results demonstrated that the protien expression levels of NogoA were increased in the PC12 cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	reticulon 4	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
26648565-12	2016	Furthermore, overexpression of NogoA had similar neurotoxic effects on the PC12 cells as MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	reticulon 4	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
26648565-14	2016	Taken together, the results from the present study demonstrated that NogoA may regulate MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway and provided an explanation regarding the regulatory mechanism of NogoA on the process of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-91	reticulon 4	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
26648565-14	2016	Taken together, the results from the present study demonstrated that NogoA may regulate MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway and provided an explanation regarding the regulatory mechanism of NogoA on the process of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-91	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	137-141
26648565-14	2016	Taken together, the results from the present study demonstrated that NogoA may regulate MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway and provided an explanation regarding the regulatory mechanism of NogoA on the process of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-91	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	142-147
26648565-14	2016	Taken together, the results from the present study demonstrated that NogoA may regulate MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells via the mTOR/STAT3 signaling pathway and provided an explanation regarding the regulatory mechanism of NogoA on the process of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-91	reticulon 4	Rattus norvegicus	232-237
26254549-4	2016	Here we used both shRNA and pharmacologic inhibition to determine the role of microglial TGF-beta receptor (TbetaR)-I and its downstream signaling pathways in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced DAergic neuronal toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-191	transforming growth factor beta receptor 1	Homo sapiens	89-117
26979073-4	2016	The expression of HOTAIR and LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) were detected in the PD mice and in Human neuroblastoma cell lines SH-SY5Y pretreated with MPP+ (N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	HOX transcript antisense RNA (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	18-24
26979073-4	2016	The expression of HOTAIR and LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) were detected in the PD mice and in Human neuroblastoma cell lines SH-SY5Y pretreated with MPP+ (N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	36-64
26979073-8	2016	In this study, upregulation of HOTAIR and LRRK2 were found in the midbrain of PD mice induced by MPTP and in SH-SY5Y cells pretreated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	HOX transcript antisense RNA (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	31-37
26979073-8	2016	In this study, upregulation of HOTAIR and LRRK2 were found in the midbrain of PD mice induced by MPTP and in SH-SY5Y cells pretreated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	42-47
26979073-10	2016	HOTAIR knockdown showed a protective effect on the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells pretreated with MPP+, which was abrogated by overexpression of LRRK2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	0-6
26979073-10	2016	HOTAIR knockdown showed a protective effect on the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells pretreated with MPP+, which was abrogated by overexpression of LRRK2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	146-151
26520464-2	2016	Previous data from our lab suggests indirect actions of estrogen through ERalpha in neighboring astroglia to protect dopamine neurons against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) toxicity in mouse mesencephalic cultures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-174	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	73-80
26545632-3	2016	In this study, we identified a novel HDAC1/2 isoform-specific inhibitor, K560, with protective effects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))- and/or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuronal death in both in vitro and in vivo Parkinson"s disease model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	140-145	histone deacetylase 1	Mus musculus	37-42
26453926-7	2015	We also demonstrate that targeted repression of Keap1 and activation of Nrf2 pathway, in part, underlies the protective effects of miR-7 against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y and differentiated human neural progenitor cells, ReNcell VM.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	174-178	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
26556726-0	2015	The neuroprotection of cannabidiol against MPP+-induced toxicity in PC12 cells involves trkA receptors, upregulation of axonal and synaptic proteins, neuritogenesis, and might be relevant to Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-92
26424114-6	2015	The inhibition of MEK/ERK1/2 or PI3K/AKT activity by U0126 or wortmannin, but not the inhibition of phospholipase Cgamma by U73122, prevented FGF9-induced gamma-GCS and HO-1 upregulation, changes in cellular redox status, and neuroprotection against MPP(+) toxicity in primary cortical and dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	250-253	fibroblast growth factor 9	Rattus norvegicus	142-146
26528626-5	2015	Our study demonstrated that human THTR-2 (hTHTR-2), SLC19A3, which is highly expressed in the small intestine, but not hTHTR-1, transports metformin (Km = 1.15 +- 0.2 mM) and other cationic compounds (MPP(+) and famotidine).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	201-204	solute carrier family 19 member 3	Homo sapiens	34-40
26528626-5	2015	Our study demonstrated that human THTR-2 (hTHTR-2), SLC19A3, which is highly expressed in the small intestine, but not hTHTR-1, transports metformin (Km = 1.15 +- 0.2 mM) and other cationic compounds (MPP(+) and famotidine).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	201-204	solute carrier family 19 member 3	Homo sapiens	42-49
26528626-5	2015	Our study demonstrated that human THTR-2 (hTHTR-2), SLC19A3, which is highly expressed in the small intestine, but not hTHTR-1, transports metformin (Km = 1.15 +- 0.2 mM) and other cationic compounds (MPP(+) and famotidine).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	201-204	solute carrier family 19 member 3	Homo sapiens	52-59
26453926-7	2015	We also demonstrate that targeted repression of Keap1 and activation of Nrf2 pathway, in part, underlies the protective effects of miR-7 against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y and differentiated human neural progenitor cells, ReNcell VM.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	174-178	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	72-76
26536031-7	2015	Similarly, overexpression of ABCG2 affected the expression of a number of drug transporters, altering the functional activities of nutrient and drug transport systems, in particular inhibiting MPP, glucose and glutamine uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-196	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	29-34
26399293-5	2015	Here we show that TFP5/TP5 selective inhibition of Cdk5/p25 hyperactivation in vivo and in vitro rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP+) in a mouse model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	212-216	cyclin-dependent kinase 5	Mus musculus	51-55
26399293-5	2015	Here we show that TFP5/TP5 selective inhibition of Cdk5/p25 hyperactivation in vivo and in vitro rescues nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP/MPP+) in a mouse model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	212-216	cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 1 (p35)	Mus musculus	56-59
26188143-3	2015	Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of NRSF target genes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is transiently decreased in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-211	RE1 silencing transcription factor	Homo sapiens	55-59
26188143-3	2015	Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of NRSF target genes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is transiently decreased in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-211	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	73-106
26188143-3	2015	Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of NRSF target genes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is transiently decreased in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-211	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	108-112
26188143-3	2015	Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of NRSF target genes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is transiently decreased in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-211	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	119-139
26188143-3	2015	Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of NRSF target genes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is transiently decreased in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-211	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	141-143
26094622-1	2015	Specific uptake through dopamine transporter followed by the inhibition of the mitochondrial complex-I have been accepted as the cause of the specific dopaminergic toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+) ).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	205-208	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	24-44
26314634-3	2015	We have previously shown that increasing the expression level of 14-3-3theta is protective against rotenone and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) in cultured cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-144	tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein theta	Mus musculus	65-76
26114860-8	2015	Mechanistically, we found that the addition of MPP+ reduced the intensity of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) but not total STAT6 in IL-4-stimulated BV2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	signal transducer and activator of transcription 6	Mus musculus	92-142
26114860-8	2015	Mechanistically, we found that the addition of MPP+ reduced the intensity of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) but not total STAT6 in IL-4-stimulated BV2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	signal transducer and activator of transcription 6	Mus musculus	144-149
26114860-5	2015	However, pretreatment with donepezil inhibited MPP+-induced M1 polarization in microglia by suppressing the release of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	119-137
26114860-8	2015	Mechanistically, we found that the addition of MPP+ reduced the intensity of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) but not total STAT6 in IL-4-stimulated BV2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	signal transducer and activator of transcription 6	Mus musculus	165-170
26114860-5	2015	However, pretreatment with donepezil inhibited MPP+-induced M1 polarization in microglia by suppressing the release of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	139-147
26114860-8	2015	Mechanistically, we found that the addition of MPP+ reduced the intensity of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) but not total STAT6 in IL-4-stimulated BV2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	174-178
26114860-5	2015	However, pretreatment with donepezil inhibited MPP+-induced M1 polarization in microglia by suppressing the release of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	152-185
26114860-9	2015	Importantly, pretreatment of microglial BV2 cells with donepezil 3 h prior to administration of MPP+ rescued the reduction of STAT6 phosphorylation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-100	signal transducer and activator of transcription 6	Mus musculus	126-131
26114860-7	2015	In addition, IL-4-mediated induction of anti-inflammatory marker genes IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) were significantly attenuated by MPP+ in BV2 cells, which was restored by pretreatment with donepezil in a concentration-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	interleukin 4	Mus musculus	13-17
26114860-9	2015	Importantly, pretreatment of microglial BV2 cells with donepezil 3 h prior to administration of MPP+ rescued the reduction of STAT6 phosphorylation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	signal transducer and activator of transcription 6	Mus musculus	126-131
26114860-7	2015	In addition, IL-4-mediated induction of anti-inflammatory marker genes IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) were significantly attenuated by MPP+ in BV2 cells, which was restored by pretreatment with donepezil in a concentration-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	71-76
26320949-5	2015	Furthermore, we demonstrate that reducing axonal arborization by acting on axon guidance pathways with Semaphorin 7A reduces in parallel the basal rate of mitochondrial OXPHOS and the vulnerability of nigral DA neurons to the neurotoxic agents MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	244-250	semaphorin 7A (John Milton Hagen blood group)	Homo sapiens	103-116
26114860-7	2015	In addition, IL-4-mediated induction of anti-inflammatory marker genes IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) were significantly attenuated by MPP+ in BV2 cells, which was restored by pretreatment with donepezil in a concentration-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	interleukin 13	Mus musculus	78-83
26114860-7	2015	In addition, IL-4-mediated induction of anti-inflammatory marker genes IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) were significantly attenuated by MPP+ in BV2 cells, which was restored by pretreatment with donepezil in a concentration-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	transforming growth factor, beta 2	Mus musculus	89-121
26114860-7	2015	In addition, IL-4-mediated induction of anti-inflammatory marker genes IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) were significantly attenuated by MPP+ in BV2 cells, which was restored by pretreatment with donepezil in a concentration-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	transforming growth factor, beta 2	Mus musculus	123-132
26272936-11	2015	We identified diazinon, MPP(+), and rotenone as P-gp substrates, although further investigation is needed to understand the role of P-gp transport in their disposition in vivo and associations with Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-27	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
26051538-6	2015	Analyses of monocyte/macrophage NF-kappaB and iNOS activation and FACs immunophenotype indicated that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) treatment induces a strong immune response in monocytes, comparable to that of canonical challenge by lipopolysaccharide.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-134	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	46-50
26170064-6	2015	Using primary mesencephalic cultures, we found that GPER activation protects dopaminergic neurons from MPP(+) toxicity in an extent similar to the promoted by a 17beta-estradiol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-109	G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	52-56
26264181-0	2015	Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl(-1)) protects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) induced apoptosis in Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	0-23
26264181-0	2015	Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl(-1)) protects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) induced apoptosis in Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	25-32
26264181-3	2015	In this study, our results indicated that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatment augmented the expression of Mcl(-1) at both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	115-122
26264181-4	2015	Moreover, we observed increased phosphorylation of Elk-1at Ser383 as well as nuclear translocation of Elk-1 in exposure to MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	ETS transcription factor ELK1	Homo sapiens	51-56
26264181-4	2015	Moreover, we observed increased phosphorylation of Elk-1at Ser383 as well as nuclear translocation of Elk-1 in exposure to MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	ETS transcription factor ELK1	Homo sapiens	102-107
26264181-5	2015	Importantly, the elevated expression of Mcl(-1) induced by MPP+ was abolished by knockdown of Elk-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	40-47
26264181-5	2015	Importantly, the elevated expression of Mcl(-1) induced by MPP+ was abolished by knockdown of Elk-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	ETS transcription factor ELK1	Homo sapiens	94-99
26264181-6	2015	It was also found that inhibition of Mcl(-1) by small RNA transfection exacerbates MPP + -induced LDH release after 48 h incubation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-88	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	37-44
26264181-8	2015	Mechanistically, the levels of cleaved Caspase3 and PARP were elevated in MPP+ treated cells, which was exacerbated by knockdown of Mcl(-1).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	39-47
26264181-8	2015	Mechanistically, the levels of cleaved Caspase3 and PARP were elevated in MPP+ treated cells, which was exacerbated by knockdown of Mcl(-1).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	collagen type XI alpha 2 chain	Homo sapiens	52-56
26264181-8	2015	Mechanistically, the levels of cleaved Caspase3 and PARP were elevated in MPP+ treated cells, which was exacerbated by knockdown of Mcl(-1).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	132-139
26156429-10	2015	administration of MPP(+) increased the striatal immunocontent of TH, an effect prevented by the three tested doses of agmatine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-24	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	65-67
26275153-2	2015	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a metabolite of neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and Lewy body component alpha-synuclein activates glia in PD pathogenesis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	139-154
26048653-0	2015	Phytoestrogen beta-Ecdysterone Protects PC12 Cells Against MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity In Vitro: Involvement of PI3K-Nrf2-Regulated Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit beta	Rattus norvegicus	111-120
26327616-6	2015	We used human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells stably overexpressing human OCT2 as the test system to screen 125 frequently prescribed drugs as inhibitors of OCT2-mediated metformin and MPP+ uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	186-190	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
26327616-6	2015	We used human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells stably overexpressing human OCT2 as the test system to screen 125 frequently prescribed drugs as inhibitors of OCT2-mediated metformin and MPP+ uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	186-190	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	158-162
26327616-8	2015	A moderate correlation between the inhibition of OCT2-mediated MPP+, ASP+, and metformin uptake was observed (pairwise rs between 0.27 and 0.48, all P &lt; 0.05).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	49-53
25783477-4	2015	Interestingly, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a Parkinsonian toxin, increased the expression of RANTES and eotaxin in mouse microglial cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-47	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5	Mus musculus	103-109
25783477-4	2015	Interestingly, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a Parkinsonian toxin, increased the expression of RANTES and eotaxin in mouse microglial cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-47	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11	Mus musculus	114-121
24859383-4	2015	Moreover, treatment with specific neutralizing antibodies for GDNF and BDNF reduced the protective effects of hRheb(S16H) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	62-66
25112679-3	2015	We hypothesized that cytoprotection by ceftriaxone in astrocytes exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) involves suppression of the NF-kappaB/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-108	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	141-150
25112679-3	2015	We hypothesized that cytoprotection by ceftriaxone in astrocytes exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) involves suppression of the NF-kappaB/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-108	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	151-154
25112679-3	2015	We hypothesized that cytoprotection by ceftriaxone in astrocytes exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) involves suppression of the NF-kappaB/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-108	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	155-160
25883089-4	2015	A549 cells present a robust MPP+ uptake mediated by one high-affinity component (Km~50muM) which is identifiable with OCT3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	118-122
25883089-5	2015	Corticosterone, indeed, completely inhibits MPP+ transport, while quinidine and PGE2 are inactive and SLC22A3/OCT3 silencing with siRNA markedly lowers MPP+ uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-156	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	102-109
25883089-5	2015	Corticosterone, indeed, completely inhibits MPP+ transport, while quinidine and PGE2 are inactive and SLC22A3/OCT3 silencing with siRNA markedly lowers MPP+ uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	152-156	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	110-114
25883089-8	2015	Only a very modest saturable MPP+ uptake is measurable in NCl-H441 cells and the inhibitory effect of quinidine points to OCT1 as the subtype functionally involved in this model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	nucleolin	Homo sapiens	58-61
26114390-3	2015	Our results, from the addition of different concentrations of GSRd (1, 10 and 50 muM), showed that GSRd at 1 and 10 muM could significantly attenuate MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	150-153	latexin	Homo sapiens	81-84
26114390-3	2015	Our results, from the addition of different concentrations of GSRd (1, 10 and 50 muM), showed that GSRd at 1 and 10 muM could significantly attenuate MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	150-153	latexin	Homo sapiens	116-119
25680233-3	2015	In the present study, we found that 5-(4-hydroxy-3-dimethoxybenzylidene)-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone (RD-1), a compound derived from rhodanine, protected DAergicneurons from neurotoxicity of MPTP/MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	194-197	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	100-104
25560396-12	2015	Incubation of slices in vitro with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+) ) decreased depolarization-induced expression of BDNF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-70	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	120-124
26487857-2	2015	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) treatment increased alpha-synuclein, E1 and SIAH-1 protein levels in PC12 cells, and it reduced cell viability; however, there was no significant change in light chain 3 expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-32	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	57-72
26487857-2	2015	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) treatment increased alpha-synuclein, E1 and SIAH-1 protein levels in PC12 cells, and it reduced cell viability; however, there was no significant change in light chain 3 expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-32	siah E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-87
26224857-4	2015	Trib3 protein is also upregulated in cellular models of PD, including neuronal PC12 cells and rat dopaminergic ventral midbrain neurons treated with 6-OHDA, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), or alpha-synuclein fibrils (alphaSYN).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	186-190	tribbles pseudokinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
25322954-5	2015	PEP-1-Catalase transduced into SH-SY5Y cells significantly protecting them against MPP+-induced death by decreasing ROS and regulating cellular survival signals including Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p38.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	catalase	Homo sapiens	6-14
25322954-5	2015	PEP-1-Catalase transduced into SH-SY5Y cells significantly protecting them against MPP+-induced death by decreasing ROS and regulating cellular survival signals including Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p38.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	171-174
25322954-5	2015	PEP-1-Catalase transduced into SH-SY5Y cells significantly protecting them against MPP+-induced death by decreasing ROS and regulating cellular survival signals including Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p38.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	176-179
25322954-5	2015	PEP-1-Catalase transduced into SH-SY5Y cells significantly protecting them against MPP+-induced death by decreasing ROS and regulating cellular survival signals including Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p38.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	181-186
25322954-5	2015	PEP-1-Catalase transduced into SH-SY5Y cells significantly protecting them against MPP+-induced death by decreasing ROS and regulating cellular survival signals including Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, and p38.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	192-195
25637806-0	2015	Sphingosine kinase 2 and sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes mitochondrial function in dopaminergic neurons of mouse model of Parkinson"s disease and in MPP+ -treated MN9D cells in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	150-154	sphingosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	0-48
25637806-5	2015	Since mitochondrial dysfunction has been described to be the major pathological event in PD, the present study focused on the role of Sphk2/S1P signaling in promoting mitochondrial functions in the MPTP-induced mouse model of PD and in 1-methyl-4 phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-treated MN9D cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	265-268	sphingosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	134-139
24859383-4	2015	Moreover, treatment with specific neutralizing antibodies for GDNF and BDNF reduced the protective effects of hRheb(S16H) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	71-75
24859383-4	2015	Moreover, treatment with specific neutralizing antibodies for GDNF and BDNF reduced the protective effects of hRheb(S16H) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	110-115
25600833-3	2015	In this study, we demonstrated that overexpressing BAG2 ameliorates the effects of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial release of cytochrome C.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	BAG cochaperone 2	Homo sapiens	51-55
25150591-0	2015	Role of the Akt/GSK-3beta/CRMP-2 pathway in axon degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulting from MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	12-15
25150591-0	2015	Role of the Akt/GSK-3beta/CRMP-2 pathway in axon degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulting from MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	16-25
25150591-0	2015	Role of the Akt/GSK-3beta/CRMP-2 pathway in axon degeneration of dopaminergic neurons resulting from MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	dihydropyrimidinase like 2	Homo sapiens	26-32
25600833-3	2015	In this study, we demonstrated that overexpressing BAG2 ameliorates the effects of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial release of cytochrome C.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	241-253
25600833-4	2015	However, knockdown of DJ-1 abolished the neuroprotective effects of BAG2 against MPP+-induced neuronal toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	22-26
25600833-4	2015	However, knockdown of DJ-1 abolished the neuroprotective effects of BAG2 against MPP+-induced neuronal toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-85	BAG cochaperone 2	Homo sapiens	68-72
25286336-0	2015	Treadmill exercise activates Nrf2 antioxidant system to protect the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons from MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
25218309-6	2015	However, full-length OPN and the RGD domain of OPN remained protective against MPP+ toxicity in the presence of a GDNF neutralising antibody.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	21-24
25218309-6	2015	However, full-length OPN and the RGD domain of OPN remained protective against MPP+ toxicity in the presence of a GDNF neutralising antibody.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-50
26693241-8	2015	We show MPP+ enhanced immunofluorescence signal of intracellular alpha-synuclein and LC3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	8-12	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	65-80
26693241-8	2015	We show MPP+ enhanced immunofluorescence signal of intracellular alpha-synuclein and LC3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	8-12	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	85-88
25431070-5	2015	The ability of MPTP/MPP+ to cause dopaminergic neuronal cell death is assessed by immunostaining of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	100-120
25248837-4	2015	After an intraperitoneal administration of MPTP, brain extracellular levels of MPTP and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) were much lower in aged mice and in Oct1/2(-/-) mice compared with younger mice and wild-type control mice, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	162-166
25968939-5	2015	Meanwhile, ginkgetin dramatically inhibited cell apoptosis induced by MPP+ through the caspase-3 and Bcl2/Bax pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	caspase 3	Mus musculus	87-96
25968939-5	2015	Meanwhile, ginkgetin dramatically inhibited cell apoptosis induced by MPP+ through the caspase-3 and Bcl2/Bax pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	101-105
25968939-5	2015	Meanwhile, ginkgetin dramatically inhibited cell apoptosis induced by MPP+ through the caspase-3 and Bcl2/Bax pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	106-109
25431070-5	2015	The ability of MPTP/MPP+ to cause dopaminergic neuronal cell death is assessed by immunostaining of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	122-124
26056851-8	2015	Monoamine oxidase-B activity was suppressed in all MeHg treatments and MPP+ (1 microM)-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	0-19
26301040-12	2015	The results show that EC is effective against MPP(+)-induced biochemical and behavioral damage, which is possible by an increase in Cu/Zn-SOD activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-52	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	132-141
26634154-0	2015	Differential Expression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Protein and Apoptosis-Related Genes in Differentiated and Undifferentiated SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells Treated with MPP(.).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	164-167	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	27-47
25851972-5	2015	In addition, MPP+ treatment dramatically increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the activation of caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
25851972-5	2015	In addition, MPP+ treatment dramatically increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the activation of caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
25851972-5	2015	In addition, MPP+ treatment dramatically increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the activation of caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	94-103
25365260-7	2014	RNAi directed against TRPC3 inhibited the ATP-induced transient as well as entry of extracellular Ca2+, which was augmented by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3	Mus musculus	22-27
25452082-0	2014	Small-molecule inhibitors at the PSD-95/nNOS interface attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal injury through Sirt3 mediated inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4	Homo sapiens	33-39
25452082-0	2014	Small-molecule inhibitors at the PSD-95/nNOS interface attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal injury through Sirt3 mediated inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
25452082-0	2014	Small-molecule inhibitors at the PSD-95/nNOS interface attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal injury through Sirt3 mediated inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	sirtuin 3	Homo sapiens	102-107
25365260-8	2014	Whole-cell patch clamp experiments in primary astrocytes and TRPC3-overexpressing cells demonstrated that acute application of MPP+ completely blocked OAG-induced TRPC3 currents, whereas 6-OHDA only partially inhibited OAG currents.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3	Mus musculus	61-66
25365260-8	2014	Whole-cell patch clamp experiments in primary astrocytes and TRPC3-overexpressing cells demonstrated that acute application of MPP+ completely blocked OAG-induced TRPC3 currents, whereas 6-OHDA only partially inhibited OAG currents.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3	Mus musculus	163-168
25469469-3	2014	In this study, we found that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) treatment up-regulates the expression of GADD45alpha in both a time-dependent manner and a dose-dependent manner in human dopamine neuroblastoma M17 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha	Homo sapiens	105-116
25469469-5	2014	Further study revealed that c-Jun silencing abolished the effects of MPP+ on the expression of GADD45alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	28-33
25469469-5	2014	Further study revealed that c-Jun silencing abolished the effects of MPP+ on the expression of GADD45alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha	Homo sapiens	95-106
25469469-7	2014	In addition, we found that inhibition of GADD45alpha by small RNA interference exacerbates the impaired cell viability, LDH release, and apoptosis induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha	Homo sapiens	41-52
25469469-8	2014	Correspondingly, silence of GADD45 exacerbated Caspase-3 activation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha	Homo sapiens	28-34
25469469-8	2014	Correspondingly, silence of GADD45 exacerbated Caspase-3 activation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	47-56
25469469-9	2014	These data suggested a neuroprotective effect of GADD45alpha against MPP+ neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha	Homo sapiens	49-60
25017139-4	2014	In the present study, we have characterized the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced damage in fibroblasts from Parkinson"s patients with the mutation G2019S in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 protein (LRRK2) and control individuals without this mutation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-103	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	192-220
25017139-4	2014	In the present study, we have characterized the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced damage in fibroblasts from Parkinson"s patients with the mutation G2019S in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 protein (LRRK2) and control individuals without this mutation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-103	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	230-235
24947010-7	2014	We observed further that the interaction of DJ-1 and RACK1 is disrupted by H2O2 or MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) treatment, and the protein levels of DJ-1 and RACK1 decreased in neurodegenerative disease models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	44-48
24499676-4	2014	In addition, the transduced PEP-1-HO-1 inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death caused by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family)	Mus musculus	28-33
24499676-4	2014	In addition, the transduced PEP-1-HO-1 inhibited generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death caused by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	34-38
25232110-6	2014	Further, RelA mediates MPP+-induced suppression of NF-kappaB activity, which is essential for MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	9-13
25232110-6	2014	Further, RelA mediates MPP+-induced suppression of NF-kappaB activity, which is essential for MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	51-60
25232110-6	2014	Further, RelA mediates MPP+-induced suppression of NF-kappaB activity, which is essential for MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	9-13
25232110-6	2014	Further, RelA mediates MPP+-induced suppression of NF-kappaB activity, which is essential for MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	51-60
25232110-8	2014	These findings provide a novel mechanism by which NF-kappaB suppression, rather than activation, underlies the cell death mechanism following MPP+ toxicity, have implications for the pathogenesis of PD, and suggest miR-7 as a therapeutic target for this disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-146	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	50-59
24947010-7	2014	We observed further that the interaction of DJ-1 and RACK1 is disrupted by H2O2 or MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) treatment, and the protein levels of DJ-1 and RACK1 decreased in neurodegenerative disease models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	receptor for activated C kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
25210784-6	2014	Importantly, we showed that PON2 deficiency hypersensitizes neurons to oxidative stress induced by MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	28-32
25038418-7	2014	Thus, Orexin-A treatment attenuated MPP(+)-induced cell injury and this effect was blocked when HIF-1alpha was suppressed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-42	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	96-106
25209287-3	2014	In vitro dose-response studies revealed that exogenous SP enhanced LPS- and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in a bimodal manner, peaking at submicromolar and subpicomolar concentrations, but was substantially less effective at intermediate concentrations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-111	tachykinin 1	Mus musculus	55-57
24993693-0	2014	Involvement of the ERK pathway in the protective effects of glycyrrhizic acid against the MPP+-induced apoptosis of dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	19-22
24629674-4	2014	In MPP(+)-treated neuronal cells, coculture with MSCs increased cellular viability, attenuated expression of alpha-synuclein, and enhanced the number of LC3-II-positive autophagosomes compared with cells treated with MPP(+) only.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	3-6	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	109-124
24932697-8	2014	And the increase in HO-1 expression was correlated with the protective effect of gastrodin against MPP(+)-induced injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-105	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
24395092-5	2014	We found that pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells with PB significantly reduced the MPP(+)-induced loss of cell viability, the generation of intracellular ROS, apoptotic rate, and the cleavage of caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-84	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	190-199
24399507-0	2014	Sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine-1-phosphate in oxidative stress evoked by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in human dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
24399507-5	2014	The aim of our study was to investigate the expression level of Sphk1 and its role in human dopaminergic neuronal cell (SH-SY5Y) viability under oxidative stress, evoked by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	202-206	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	64-69
24399507-10	2014	Moreover, S1P downregulated Bax and harakiri, death protein 5 (Hrk/DP5) expression and enhanced cell viability in MPP+-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein	Homo sapiens	67-70
25802735-7	2014	Expression of mutations PMAT-p.Ala138Thr and p.Asp326Glu in cellulae revealed significant reduced transport uptake activity towards a variety of substrates including serotonin, dopamine, and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), while mutation p.Asp29Gly had reduced transport activity only towards MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	220-223	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	24-28
24650792-0	2014	Primary cultured astrocytes from old rats are capable to activate the Nrf2 response against MPP+ toxicity after tBHQ pretreatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
24650792-4	2014	Therefore, the purpose of this work was to determine if cortical astrocytes derived from old rats are able to respond to tertbuthyl-hydroquinene (tBHQ) pretreatment and stimulate the Nrf2-antioxidant response pathway to induce an antioxidant strategy against MPP+ toxicity, one of the most used molecules to model Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	259-263	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	183-187
24650792-5	2014	Our results show that, although astrocytes from adult and old rats were more susceptible to MPP+ toxicity than astrocytes from newborn rats, when pretreated with tertbuthyl-hydroquinene, they were able to transactivate Nrf2, increasing antioxidant enzymes and developing cellular protection.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	219-223
25073091-0	2014	Chikusetsu saponin V attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells via regulation of Sirt1/Mn-SOD and GRP78/caspase-12 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
25073091-0	2014	Chikusetsu saponin V attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells via regulation of Sirt1/Mn-SOD and GRP78/caspase-12 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	100-106
25073091-0	2014	Chikusetsu saponin V attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells via regulation of Sirt1/Mn-SOD and GRP78/caspase-12 pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	111-116
24726706-3	2014	We found that AL-1 significantly prevented 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and primary cerebellar granule neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-78	ephrin A5	Homo sapiens	14-18
24768991-1	2014	Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) regulates mitochondrial biogenesis, which is downregulated by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) in cells treated chronically with the complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	249-253	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	0-36
24768991-1	2014	Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) regulates mitochondrial biogenesis, which is downregulated by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) in cells treated chronically with the complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	249-253	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	38-42
24768991-1	2014	Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) regulates mitochondrial biogenesis, which is downregulated by extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) in cells treated chronically with the complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	249-253	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	154-160
24960051-3	2014	LPC and GCR markedly blocked MPP+-induced neuronal PC12D cell death and disappearance of mitochondrial membrane potential, which were mediated by JNK.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
24960051-4	2014	LPC and GCR inhibited MPP+-induced JNK activation through the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby inhibiting MPP+-induced neuronal PC12D cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
24960051-4	2014	LPC and GCR inhibited MPP+-induced JNK activation through the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby inhibiting MPP+-induced neuronal PC12D cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
24933638-7	2014	Furthermore, co-culture medium with low concentration of MPP+ (100 microM) arrested Jurkat cells cycle in G2/M phase through increasing cell cycle division 2 (CDC2) and CyclinB1 expression level, whereas co-culture medium with high concentration of MPP+ (500 microM) induced Jurkat cell necrosis through cellular swelling and membrane breakage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	159-163
24933638-7	2014	Furthermore, co-culture medium with low concentration of MPP+ (100 microM) arrested Jurkat cells cycle in G2/M phase through increasing cell cycle division 2 (CDC2) and CyclinB1 expression level, whereas co-culture medium with high concentration of MPP+ (500 microM) induced Jurkat cell necrosis through cellular swelling and membrane breakage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	cyclin B1	Homo sapiens	169-177
24047115-9	2014	Our results also demonstrate that the protective effects of adiponectin against DJ-1L166P-induced neuronal cytotoxicity under 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treatment require binding of adiponectin to its cell surface receptors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	60-71
24412329-4	2014	In this study, we investigated the protective effects of PEA-15 on neuronal damage induced by MPP(+) in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and BV2 microglia cells and in a MPTP-induced PD mouse model using cell-permeable PEP-1-PEA-15.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-97	proliferation and apoptosis adaptor protein 15	Homo sapiens	57-63
24886419-4	2014	To further investigate a possible link between the neuronal Hsp60 response and PD-related cellular stress, Hsp60 immunoblot analysis and quantification in cell lysates from SH-SY5Y after treatment with 100 muM MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) at different time points (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) compared to control cells were performed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-214	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Homo sapiens	60-65
24886419-4	2014	To further investigate a possible link between the neuronal Hsp60 response and PD-related cellular stress, Hsp60 immunoblot analysis and quantification in cell lysates from SH-SY5Y after treatment with 100 muM MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) at different time points (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) compared to control cells were performed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-214	latexin	Homo sapiens	206-209
24886419-10	2014	MPP+, the active metabolite of MPTP, also caused an increased expression and release of Hsp60 in the human dopaminergic cell line SH-SY5Y.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
24886419-11	2014	Interestingly, in addition to being toxic to DA neurons in primary mesencephalic cultures, exogenous Hsp60 aggravated the effects of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
24047115-9	2014	Our results also demonstrate that the protective effects of adiponectin against DJ-1L166P-induced neuronal cytotoxicity under 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) treatment require binding of adiponectin to its cell surface receptors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	194-205
24530383-3	2014	Both CP and CPC inhibited the uptake of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) and metformin, typical substrates of OCT1, in MDCK-hOCT1 cells with low IC50 (0.307-14.0 muM).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-72	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-118
24530383-4	2014	CPC (100 muM) reduced the uptake of MPP(+) and metformin mediated by OCT2 in MDCK-hOCT2 cells to 60.8% and 33.6% of the control, CPC (500 muM) decreased the uptake of 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-CFL) and para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), substrates of OAT1, in MDCK-hOAT1 cells to 64.6% and 79.4% of the control.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-39	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
24851694-9	2014	CONCLUSION: The activation of Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in MPP(+)-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cell.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-87	notch receptor 1	Homo sapiens	30-35
24646838-2	2014	In the present study, the role of autophagy involving mitochondria and alpha-synuclein was investigated in MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium)-induced oxidative injury in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	71-86
24351065-7	2014	Mitochondrial fragmentation triggered by lower doses of MPP+ may be a result of Mfn2 down-regulation, which could be completely reversed by TSA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	80-84
24351065-8	2014	Further investigation suggests that TSA prevents MPP+-induced Mfn2 down-regulation via inhibiting histone deacetylation over Mfn2 promoter and alleviating its transcriptional dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	62-66
24351065-8	2014	Further investigation suggests that TSA prevents MPP+-induced Mfn2 down-regulation via inhibiting histone deacetylation over Mfn2 promoter and alleviating its transcriptional dysfunction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	125-129
24646838-3	2014	The oxidative mechanism underlying MPP+-induced neurotoxicity was identified by elevated lipid peroxidation and heme oxygenase-1 levels, a redox-regulated protein in MPP+-infused substantia nigra (SN).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-128
24646838-6	2014	Western blot assay showed that in vivo Atg7siRNA transfection not only reduced Atg7 levels in the MPP+-infused SN but attenuated MPP+-induced elevation in LC3-II levels, activation of caspase 9 and reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase levels, indicating that autophagy is pro-death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	annexin A3	Rattus norvegicus	155-158
24646838-6	2014	Western blot assay showed that in vivo Atg7siRNA transfection not only reduced Atg7 levels in the MPP+-infused SN but attenuated MPP+-induced elevation in LC3-II levels, activation of caspase 9 and reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase levels, indicating that autophagy is pro-death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	caspase 9	Rattus norvegicus	184-193
24646838-3	2014	The oxidative mechanism underlying MPP+-induced neurotoxicity was identified by elevated lipid peroxidation and heme oxygenase-1 levels, a redox-regulated protein in MPP+-infused substantia nigra (SN).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-128
24646838-8	2014	Indeed, in vivo Atg7siRNA transfection mitigated MPP+-induced reduction in cytochrome c oxidase.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	autophagy related 7	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
24646838-9	2014	In addition, MPP+-induced autophagy differentially altered the alpha-synuclein aggregates in the infused SN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	63-78
24646838-5	2014	To block MPP+-induced autophagy in rat brain, Atg7siRNA was intranigrally infused 4 d prior to MPP+ infusion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	autophagy related 7	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
24646838-6	2014	Western blot assay showed that in vivo Atg7siRNA transfection not only reduced Atg7 levels in the MPP+-infused SN but attenuated MPP+-induced elevation in LC3-II levels, activation of caspase 9 and reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase levels, indicating that autophagy is pro-death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	autophagy related 7	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
24646838-6	2014	Western blot assay showed that in vivo Atg7siRNA transfection not only reduced Atg7 levels in the MPP+-infused SN but attenuated MPP+-induced elevation in LC3-II levels, activation of caspase 9 and reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase levels, indicating that autophagy is pro-death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-133	autophagy related 7	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
24148766-4	2014	Reducing oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity has been shown to be protective in cell or animal models of MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-130	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	30-51
24398697-7	2014	Furthermore, E2 increased LXRalpha, ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression in VSMCs via the estrogen receptor (ER), and the involvement of ERbeta was confirmed by the use of selective ERalpha or ERbeta antagonists (MPP and PHTPP) and agonists (PPT and DPN).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-206	estrogen receptor 2	Homo sapiens	183-189
24148766-5	2014	We have previously demonstrated that siRNA-mediated knockdown of alpha-syn lowers the activity of both dopamine transporter and NOS activity and protects dopaminergic neuron-like cells from MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	190-193	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	65-74
24148766-6	2014	Here, we demonstrate that alpha-syn knockdown and modulators of oxidative stress/NOS activation protect cells from MPP(+)-induced toxicity via postmitochondrial mechanisms rather than by a rescue of the decrease in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation caused by MPP(+) exposure.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-118	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	26-35
23665112-3	2013	Whether SAA can also inhibit the neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) in dopaminergic neurons has not been investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-82	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	8-11
24041971-5	2014	UCP2 knockout increased intracellular ROS production and induced oxidative stress in response to l-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-129	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	0-4
24305623-5	2014	The results show that TBN exerted significant neuroprotection on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells and primary dopaminergic neurons, as well as on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neuron loss in zebrafish (TBN and MPTP were added simultaneously into the fish embryo medium and the treatment period was 48 h).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-97	TATA-box binding protein associated factor 8	Homo sapiens	22-25
24305623-8	2014	TBN suppressed the MPP(+)-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SH-SY5Y cells, increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) concentration in the substantial nigra of MPTP-treated mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-22	TATA-box binding protein associated factor 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
25310737-6	2014	Our latest data demonstrated significant inhibition of Sphk1 gene expression and activity in an in vitro PD model, induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	sphingosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	55-60
25310737-9	2014	These cells were treated with MPP+ (1-3 mM), which represents an experimental PD model, or with the Sphks inhibitor (1-5 microM SKI II) for 3-24 h. Our data indicated that MPP+ (3 mM) induced significant alterations of Sphks and S1P lyase (SPL) gene expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1	Homo sapiens	229-238
25310737-9	2014	These cells were treated with MPP+ (1-3 mM), which represents an experimental PD model, or with the Sphks inhibitor (1-5 microM SKI II) for 3-24 h. Our data indicated that MPP+ (3 mM) induced significant alterations of Sphks and S1P lyase (SPL) gene expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	172-176	sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1	Homo sapiens	240-243
24026623-2	2013	Although no inhibition of OAT1 and OAT3 was observed, inhibition of OCT2-mediated uptake of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) and metformin was evident (IC(50) of 73.4 +- 14.8 and 8.8 +- 1.9 microM, respectively).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-124	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	68-72
23959424-0	2013	Upregulation of sestrin-2 expression via P53 protects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	16-25
23959424-0	2013	Upregulation of sestrin-2 expression via P53 protects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	41-44
23959424-4	2013	Moreover, in vitro experiments display that the drug 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) induces the expression of SESN2 in SH-SY5Y cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	114-119
23959424-7	2013	Furthermore, knockdown of SESN2 using small RNA interferences promotes MPP+-related neurotoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	26-31
24055409-4	2013	We hypothesized that microRNA 221 could regulate the expression of TfR2 in an in vitro model of Parkinson"s disease, SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	144-148	transferrin receptor 2	Homo sapiens	67-71
24055409-9	2013	TFR2 and miR 221 are inversely correlated in SHSY5Y cells during the treatment with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	transferrin receptor 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
24055409-9	2013	TFR2 and miR 221 are inversely correlated in SHSY5Y cells during the treatment with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	microRNA 221	Homo sapiens	9-16
25276829-4	2014	This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of hUC-MSCs infected by an adenovirus carrying the HGF gene on the PD cell model induced by MPP+ on human bone marrow neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	153-157	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	112-115
24184050-5	2013	We demonstrate here that treatment of mice with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril protects the striatum from acutely administered 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrine (MPTP), and that chronic captopril protects the nigral DA cell bodies from degeneration in a progressive rat model of parkinsonism created by the chronic intracerebral infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	402-405	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	52-81
23800665-4	2013	In this study, we investigated the effect of the pharmacological inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/MPP(+)-induced dopaminergic neuronal death in midbrain neuron-glia co-cultures and in mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-152	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	79-93
23763587-7	2013	In confluent HEK-hOCT2-C, largely different inhibitor potencies were obtained upon comparison of inhibition of Cd(2+) uptake, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)styryl]-N-methylpyridinium(+) (ASP(+)) uptake, and MPP(+) uptake using substrate concentrations far below the respective Km values.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	197-203	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	17-22
23665112-6	2013	We also show that SAA significantly attenuated cytotoxicity induced by 2.5 mM MPP(+) in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-81	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	18-21
23665112-9	2013	SAA may rescue dopaminergic neurons from MPP(+)-induced cell death through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-47	serum amyloid A1 cluster	Homo sapiens	0-3
23744253-0	2013	Involvement of NF kappa B in potentiated effect of Mn-containing dithiocarbamates on MPP(+) induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	85-88	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	15-25
23744253-15	2013	The NF-kappaB inhibitor (SN50) was also shown to alleviate cytotoxicity induced by co-treatment of MB or MZ and MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-115	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	4-13
23744253-16	2013	This study demonstrates that activation of NF-kappaB is responsible for the potentiated toxic effect of MB and MZ on MPP(+) induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-120	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	43-52
23376588-7	2013	Further experiments demonstrated that IL-1beta and TNF-alpha release was remarkably enhanced by iron load in activated microglia triggered by lipopolysaccharide or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-196	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	38-46
23754278-10	2013	To our surprise we observed a dramatic up-regulation of Pin1 mRNA and protein levels in dopaminergic MN9D neuronal cells treated with the parkinsonian toxicant 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) as well as in the substantia nigra of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	189-192	peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Mus musculus	56-60
23500530-0	2013	MPP+-induces PUMA- and p53-dependent, but ATF3-independent cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	23-26
23500530-0	2013	MPP+-induces PUMA- and p53-dependent, but ATF3-independent cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	activating transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	42-46
23319378-11	2013	Silencing RESP18 expression with Lenti-shRNA alleviated MPP+-induced cell death, while over-expression of RESP18 resulted in aggravated cell death induced by MPP+ and 6-OHDA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	regulated endocrine-specific protein 18	Mus musculus	10-16
23319378-11	2013	Silencing RESP18 expression with Lenti-shRNA alleviated MPP+-induced cell death, while over-expression of RESP18 resulted in aggravated cell death induced by MPP+ and 6-OHDA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	regulated endocrine-specific protein 18	Mus musculus	106-112
23500098-4	2013	In vitro administration of the PPARdelta antagonist GSK0660 (1 muM) increased the detrimental effect of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+) on cell viability, which was reversed by co-treatment with agonist GW0742 (1 muM).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	140-144	peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta	Mus musculus	31-40
23376588-7	2013	Further experiments demonstrated that IL-1beta and TNF-alpha release was remarkably enhanced by iron load in activated microglia triggered by lipopolysaccharide or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-196	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	51-60
23229024-0	2013	Zonisamide attenuates MPP+-induced oxidative toxicity through modulation of Ca2+ signaling and caspase-3 activity in neuronal PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
23164620-0	2013	Induction of Dickkopf-1 contributes to the neurotoxicity of MPP+ in PC12 cells via inhibition of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-23
23164620-7	2013	LiCl (an inhibitor of GSK-3beta) also rescued the loss of PC12 cell viability and the apoptosis induced by MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-110	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	22-31
23062100-0	2013	The anti-cancer agent SU4312 unexpectedly protects against MPP(+) -induced neurotoxicity via selective and direct inhibition of neuronal NOS.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-65	nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal)	Danio rerio	128-140
23303678-5	2013	Using infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a substrate of OCT and MATE transporters, into pregnant dams, we investigated the protective function of the placenta against organic cations at different gds.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-53	plexin A2	Homo sapiens	71-74
23229024-9	2013	Caspase-3 activity was lower in the ZNS group than in the MPP(+) group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-61	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
23258538-2	2013	Monoamine oxidase B, present in the mitochondrial outer membrane of glial cells, catalyzes the oxidation of MPTP to the toxic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)), which then targets the dopaminergic neurons causing neuronal death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	0-19
23392669-6	2013	ATF4 levels are also upregulated in neuronal PC12 cells treated with the dopaminergic neuronal toxins 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	activating transcription factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
23392669-8	2013	In neuronal PC12 cells, silencing of ATF4 enhanced cell death in response to either 6-OHDA or MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	activating transcription factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
23169611-9	2013	Preliminary transport studies indicated inward transport of Gly-Sar (PEPT substrate), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) (OCT substrate), and l-tryptophan (ATB(0,+) substrate) across cornea as well as SCRPE.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	plexin A2	Homo sapiens	122-125
23121049-7	2013	In undifferentiated cells, the majority of GPR37 was cytoplasmic and the protective effects were more variable: GPR37 expression protected against rotenone and MPP+ but not against 6-OHDA in MTT assays, while it protected against 6-OHDA but not against MPP+ or rotenone in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-257	G protein-coupled receptor 37	Homo sapiens	112-117
23201480-5	2013	Furthermore, the genetic or pharmacological inhibition of acetylcholinesterase was shown to protect PC12 cells from MPP+ induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	58-78
23121049-0	2013	Functional GPR37 trafficking protects against toxicity induced by 6-OHDA, MPP+ or rotenone in a catecholaminergic cell line.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	G protein-coupled receptor 37	Homo sapiens	11-16
23123778-3	2013	The aim of our study was to investigate whether heterozygote mutations in fgf8, shh or oep lead to a reduced number of ascending dopaminergic neurons in zebrafish (Danio rerio) or confer increased susceptibility to the PD neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	263-267	fibroblast growth factor 8a	Danio rerio	74-78
23121049-7	2013	In undifferentiated cells, the majority of GPR37 was cytoplasmic and the protective effects were more variable: GPR37 expression protected against rotenone and MPP+ but not against 6-OHDA in MTT assays, while it protected against 6-OHDA but not against MPP+ or rotenone in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	160-164	G protein-coupled receptor 37	Homo sapiens	112-117
23322189-2	2013	MPTP is metabolised to the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) in glia, after which it enters the neuron via the dopamine transporter and results in elevated levels of oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-63	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	118-138
23665943-2	2013	When injected into C57BL/6J mice, MPTP penetrates into the brain and is converted to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) by monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-117	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	123-148
21855308-2	2013	After passing through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), MPTP is converted to 1-methy-4-phenylpiridinium (MPP(+)) by astrocytic monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-105	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	124-143
21855308-2	2013	After passing through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), MPTP is converted to 1-methy-4-phenylpiridinium (MPP(+)) by astrocytic monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-105	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	145-150
23151508-4	2012	p10" also prevented the death of neurons treated with the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), which induces conversion of endogenous p35 to p25, and Parkinson disease (PD)-like symptoms in animals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-102	S100 calcium binding protein A10	Homo sapiens	0-3
22922220-8	2013	In agreement with upregulation of MAO B, concentration of MPP+ was higher in the substantia nigra and striatum of CCR5 KO mice after MPTP injection.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	34-39
22922220-8	2013	In agreement with upregulation of MAO B, concentration of MPP+ was higher in the substantia nigra and striatum of CCR5 KO mice after MPTP injection.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5	Mus musculus	114-118
23151508-4	2012	p10" also prevented the death of neurons treated with the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), which induces conversion of endogenous p35 to p25, and Parkinson disease (PD)-like symptoms in animals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-102	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
23151508-4	2012	p10" also prevented the death of neurons treated with the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), which induces conversion of endogenous p35 to p25, and Parkinson disease (PD)-like symptoms in animals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-102	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	154-157
22555455-5	2012	In addition, overexpression of DJ-1 Nt in different cell lines leads to a loss of clonogenic potential and sensitizes to staurosporin and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-mediated caspase activation and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	31-35
23146300-0	2012	Protective effect of BAG5 on MPP+-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	BAG cochaperone 5	Rattus norvegicus	21-25
23146300-2	2012	The purpose of this study was to assess the role of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated  athanogene 5 (BAG5) protein, which was previously confirmed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD, in the regulation of apoptosis induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	275-278	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	52-69
23146300-2	2012	The purpose of this study was to assess the role of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated  athanogene 5 (BAG5) protein, which was previously confirmed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD, in the regulation of apoptosis induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	275-278	BAG cochaperone 5	Rattus norvegicus	71-102
23146300-2	2012	The purpose of this study was to assess the role of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated  athanogene 5 (BAG5) protein, which was previously confirmed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD, in the regulation of apoptosis induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	275-278	BAG cochaperone 5	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
22796104-1	2012	The present study examined whether capsaicin (CAP), an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) can prevent 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced dopaminergic (DA) neuronal death in the substantia nigra (SN).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	164-167	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
22555455-7	2012	Moreover, overexpression of DJ-1 Nt increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and sensitizes to MPP+-mediated apoptosis and DJ-1 oxidation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	28-32
21324658-5	2012	The number of Dcx-positive A cells showed a significant decrease following high dose of MPTP- or MPP(+)-injection on Days 1 and 3, respectively, whereas that of EGFR-positive C cells showed no change in mice with any treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	97-103	doublecortin	Mus musculus	14-17
22891246-4	2012	We showed that B3C attenuated the toxic effects of neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) by activating MEF2D via multiple mechanisms.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-94	myocyte enhancer factor 2D	Mus musculus	113-118
22236282-10	2012	However, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) antagonist T0070907 dose-dependently blocked the neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of Delta9-THC, while the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone resulted in protection from MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	263-267	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	13-61
22236282-10	2012	However, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) antagonist T0070907 dose-dependently blocked the neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of Delta9-THC, while the PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone resulted in protection from MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	263-267	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	63-72
22236282-11	2012	Furthermore, Delta9-THC increased PPARgamma expression in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, another indicator of PPARgamma activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	34-43
22778257-6	2012	The pharmacological inhibition of the serine/threonine kinase alphaCaMKII attenuates amphetamine-triggered DAT-mediated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) efflux.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-152	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	107-110
22360462-5	2012	We further found that deficiency of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and functions as upstream to the K-ATP channel in determining vulnerability of DA neurons, abolished the protective effects of H(2)S against either DA neuron degeneration in the PD mouse model or MPP(+)-induced injury in primary mesencephalic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	330-336	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	36-70
22360462-5	2012	We further found that deficiency of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and functions as upstream to the K-ATP channel in determining vulnerability of DA neurons, abolished the protective effects of H(2)S against either DA neuron degeneration in the PD mouse model or MPP(+)-induced injury in primary mesencephalic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	330-336	uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	Mus musculus	72-76
22543277-0	2012	Synchronized activity of organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3/Slc22a3) and multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (Mate1/Slc47a1) transporter in transplacental passage of MPP+ in rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	25-53
22542954-7	2012	In rat primary mesencephalic cultures treated with MPP(+), the increase in dopaminergic cell loss induced by AII administration was also inhibited by treatment with Y27632.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-54	arginase type II	Mus musculus	109-112
22664423-0	2012	Salidroside protects PC12 cells from MPP+-induced apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
22664423-7	2012	These findings suggest that SAL prevents MPP(+)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells, at least in part through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-47	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	129-132
22543277-0	2012	Synchronized activity of organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3/Slc22a3) and multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (Mate1/Slc47a1) transporter in transplacental passage of MPP+ in rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
22543277-0	2012	Synchronized activity of organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3/Slc22a3) and multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (Mate1/Slc47a1) transporter in transplacental passage of MPP+ in rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	60-67
22543277-0	2012	Synchronized activity of organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3/Slc22a3) and multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (Mate1/Slc47a1) transporter in transplacental passage of MPP+ in rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
22543277-0	2012	Synchronized activity of organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3/Slc22a3) and multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (Mate1/Slc47a1) transporter in transplacental passage of MPP+ in rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-119
22580300-1	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4) enhances neuronal survival in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and preserving intracellular ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-104	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	0-34
22417924-3	2012	This study explored the impact of the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone and the PPARgamma antagonist GW9662 in the MPP(+)/MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) model of Parkinson"s disease, focussing on oxidative stress mechanisms.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-116	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	38-47
22580300-1	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4) enhances neuronal survival in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and preserving intracellular ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-104	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	36-40
22417924-3	2012	This study explored the impact of the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone and the PPARgamma antagonist GW9662 in the MPP(+)/MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) model of Parkinson"s disease, focussing on oxidative stress mechanisms.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-116	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	78-87
22388932-5	2012	PD neurotoxin MPP(+) inhibits neddylation of both parkin and PINK1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-17	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
22278385-0	2012	Astragaloside IV prevents MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death via the inhibition of Bax-mediated pathways and ROS production.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-30	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	80-83
21856379-0	2012	Overexpression of TFAM, NRF-1 and myr-AKT protects the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-61	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	18-22
21856379-0	2012	Overexpression of TFAM, NRF-1 and myr-AKT protects the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-61	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
21856379-0	2012	Overexpression of TFAM, NRF-1 and myr-AKT protects the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-61	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	38-41
21856379-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Mitochondrial activation by TFAM, NRF-1, and myr-AKT abrogated MPP(+)-mediated damages on mitochondria and insulin signaling, leading to recovery of nigrostriatal neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-82	transcription factor A, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	41-45
21856379-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Mitochondrial activation by TFAM, NRF-1, and myr-AKT abrogated MPP(+)-mediated damages on mitochondria and insulin signaling, leading to recovery of nigrostriatal neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-82	nuclear respiratory factor 1	Homo sapiens	47-52
21856379-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Mitochondrial activation by TFAM, NRF-1, and myr-AKT abrogated MPP(+)-mediated damages on mitochondria and insulin signaling, leading to recovery of nigrostriatal neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-82	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
21529244-4	2012	RESULTS: We demonstrate that in vitro, brain mitochondria isolated from CYPD knockout mice were less sensitive to MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion)-induced membrane depolarization, and free radical generation compared to wild-type mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	peptidylprolyl isomerase F (cyclophilin F)	Mus musculus	72-76
22278385-5	2012	We found that pretreatment with AS-IV significantly reversed the loss of cell viability, nuclear condensation, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the activity of caspase-3 induced by MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	251-254	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	230-239
22315973-0	2012	WldS but not Nmnat1 protects dopaminergic neurites from MPP+ neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-59	wallerian degeneration	Mus musculus	0-4
22415520-5	2012	When comparing various substrates such as MPP+, TEA, metformin and lamivudine, the effects of the OCT1 genetic polymorphisms on their uptake were not identical.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
22415520-6	2012	However, contrary to the case of OCT1, the uptake of MPP+, TEA, metformin and lamivudine in oocytes expressing OCT2-T199I, -T201M and -A270S variants was decreased significantly compared with that in oocytes expressing OCT2-WT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	111-116
22415520-6	2012	However, contrary to the case of OCT1, the uptake of MPP+, TEA, metformin and lamivudine in oocytes expressing OCT2-T199I, -T201M and -A270S variants was decreased significantly compared with that in oocytes expressing OCT2-WT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	111-115
22415520-7	2012	In conclusion, the effect of genetic variations of OCT1 and OCT2 on the uptake of MPP+, TEA, metformin and lamivudine was substrate-dependent.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
22415520-7	2012	In conclusion, the effect of genetic variations of OCT1 and OCT2 on the uptake of MPP+, TEA, metformin and lamivudine was substrate-dependent.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
22281204-5	2012	Intoxication of specific mitochondrial toxin methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide ion (MPP(+)) to BV-2 cells induced significant mitochondrial dysfunction and increased the reactive oxygen species generation, caspase-3 activation, and poly ADP ribose polymerase proteolysis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-86	caspase 3	Mus musculus	205-214
22281204-5	2012	Intoxication of specific mitochondrial toxin methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide ion (MPP(+)) to BV-2 cells induced significant mitochondrial dysfunction and increased the reactive oxygen species generation, caspase-3 activation, and poly ADP ribose polymerase proteolysis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-86	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	231-257
21818119-8	2012	Furthermore, we observed a marked redistribution of lanosterol synthase from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria in dopaminergic neurons exposed to MPP+, suggesting that lanosterol might exert its survival effect by regulating mitochondrial function.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	154-158	lanosterol synthase	Mus musculus	52-71
22265823-0	2012	Involvement of activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in the protective effects of puerarin against MPP+-induced human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
22265823-4	2012	Moreover, puerarin decreased MPP(+)-induced cell death, which was blocked by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-35	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	77-102
22265823-8	2012	Collectively, these data suggest that the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in the protective effect of puerarin against MPP(+)-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell death through inhibiting nuclear p53 accumulation and subsequently caspase-3-dependent PCD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-136	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
22265823-8	2012	Collectively, these data suggest that the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in the protective effect of puerarin against MPP(+)-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell death through inhibiting nuclear p53 accumulation and subsequently caspase-3-dependent PCD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-136	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	205-208
22265823-8	2012	Collectively, these data suggest that the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway is involved in the protective effect of puerarin against MPP(+)-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell death through inhibiting nuclear p53 accumulation and subsequently caspase-3-dependent PCD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-136	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	239-248
22323720-5	2012	Accordingly, MPTP/MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) caused beta-catenin downregulation and pGSK-3beta(Tyr216) overexpression, whereas manipulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling with RNA interference-mediated GSK-3beta knockdown or GSK-3beta antagonism reversed MPTP-induced neurogenic impairment ex vivo/in vitro or in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	79-91
22323720-5	2012	Accordingly, MPTP/MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) caused beta-catenin downregulation and pGSK-3beta(Tyr216) overexpression, whereas manipulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling with RNA interference-mediated GSK-3beta knockdown or GSK-3beta antagonism reversed MPTP-induced neurogenic impairment ex vivo/in vitro or in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	174-186
22323720-5	2012	Accordingly, MPTP/MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) caused beta-catenin downregulation and pGSK-3beta(Tyr216) overexpression, whereas manipulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling with RNA interference-mediated GSK-3beta knockdown or GSK-3beta antagonism reversed MPTP-induced neurogenic impairment ex vivo/in vitro or in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Mus musculus	112-121
22323720-5	2012	Accordingly, MPTP/MPP(+) (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) caused beta-catenin downregulation and pGSK-3beta(Tyr216) overexpression, whereas manipulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling with RNA interference-mediated GSK-3beta knockdown or GSK-3beta antagonism reversed MPTP-induced neurogenic impairment ex vivo/in vitro or in vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-21	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Mus musculus	228-237
22315973-4	2012	RESULTS: Using mutant mice and lentiviral transduction of dopaminergic neurons, the present findings demonstrate that WldS but not Nmnat1, Nmnat3, or cytoplasmically-targeted Nmnat1 protects dopamine axons from the parkinsonian mimetic N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	265-269	wallerian degeneration	Mus musculus	118-122
22315973-6	2012	In addition, NAD+ by itself is axonally protective and together with WldS is additive in the MPP+ model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	wallerian degeneration	Mus musculus	69-73
22265821-6	2012	The MMP-3 activation involved HtrA2/Omi, because both pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-induced knockdown of HtrA2/Omi attenuated the activation induced by rotenone or MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	4-9
22265821-6	2012	The MMP-3 activation involved HtrA2/Omi, because both pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-induced knockdown of HtrA2/Omi attenuated the activation induced by rotenone or MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	HtrA serine peptidase 2	Mus musculus	30-39
22265821-6	2012	The MMP-3 activation involved HtrA2/Omi, because both pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-induced knockdown of HtrA2/Omi attenuated the activation induced by rotenone or MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	HtrA serine peptidase 2	Mus musculus	30-35
23210978-9	2012	Furthermore, we previously reported an interesting link between PD and metabolic processes through the protective effects of leptin (hormone produced by adipocytes) acting via UCP2 against MPP+-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	189-192	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	176-180
22759962-4	2012	The ERalpha-selective antagonist (MPP, 25 mg/kg/day) similarly significantly inhibited the basal I(sc) (37%, P &lt; 0.05) in males, whereas the ERbeta-selective antagonist (PHTPP, 25 mg/kg/day) was without effect, suggesting that 600G-mediated increases in I (sc) in male mice are due to an ERalpha-dependent mechanism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-37	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	4-11
22863927-4	2012	In primary mesencephalic culture, acacetin protected dopaminergic (DA) cells and inhibited production of inflammatory factors such as nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha against MPP+-induced toxicity in a dose-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	206-210	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	170-197
23231395-2	2012	MAO-B oxidizes MPTP into MPP+, and an MAO-B inhibitor, deprenyl, prevents the MPTP oxidation and also MPP+neutotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	0-5
23024694-3	2012	In this paper, we examine whether Rb1 has a neuroprotective effect on MPP(+)-induced apoptosis and attempt to clarify the signaling pathway in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-76	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-37
21781996-0	2011	PI3-K/Akt and ERK pathways activated by VEGF play opposite roles in MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	6-9
21820214-5	2011	Inhibition of both pathways had synergistic effects on PGRN-dependent neuroprotection against MPP(+) toxicity suggesting both pathways contribute to the neuroprotective activities of PGRN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-100	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	55-59
21820214-5	2011	Inhibition of both pathways had synergistic effects on PGRN-dependent neuroprotection against MPP(+) toxicity suggesting both pathways contribute to the neuroprotective activities of PGRN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-100	granulin precursor	Homo sapiens	183-187
22427795-1	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4) protects against Complex I deficiency as induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), but how UCP4 affects mitochondrial function is unclear.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-126	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	0-34
22427795-1	2012	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4) protects against Complex I deficiency as induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), but how UCP4 affects mitochondrial function is unclear.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-126	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	36-40
21748658-4	2011	We showed that ADMA prevented MPP+-induced inhibition of endogenous H2S generation through inhibiting the down-regulation of cystathionine-beta-synthetase (CBS, the major enzyme responsible for endogenous H2S generation in PC12 cells) expression and activity elicited by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cystathionine beta synthase	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
21748658-4	2011	We showed that ADMA prevented MPP+-induced inhibition of endogenous H2S generation through inhibiting the down-regulation of cystathionine-beta-synthetase (CBS, the major enzyme responsible for endogenous H2S generation in PC12 cells) expression and activity elicited by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	271-275	cystathionine beta synthase	Rattus norvegicus	156-159
21781996-0	2011	PI3-K/Akt and ERK pathways activated by VEGF play opposite roles in MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
21781996-0	2011	PI3-K/Akt and ERK pathways activated by VEGF play opposite roles in MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	40-44
21781996-2	2011	In this study, the neuroprotective properties of VEGF on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced neurotoxicity in primary cerebellar granule neurons were investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-96	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	49-53
21781996-7	2011	Interestingly, VEGF and PD98059 (an ERK kinase inhibitor) play a synergistic role in protecting neurons from MPP(+)-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-112	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	15-19
21781996-7	2011	Interestingly, VEGF and PD98059 (an ERK kinase inhibitor) play a synergistic role in protecting neurons from MPP(+)-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-112	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
21737065-4	2011	Inhibition of endogenously expressed nNOS by 7-NI and ARR17477 enhanced the toxicity of MPP(+) and MG-132 in N1E-115 cells, whereas in transfected SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing nNOS, ARR17477 and 7-NI protected against MPP(+)- and MG-132-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-91	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	37-41
21925601-4	2011	Oct1-mediated active uptake of 10 muM [(3)H]-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) into hepatocytes was assessed in the presence of quinidine (1 mM).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-77	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
21571045-4	2011	Additionally, CAPE inhibited MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and directly inhibited MPP+-induced release of cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1	Mus musculus	129-154
21571045-4	2011	Additionally, CAPE inhibited MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and directly inhibited MPP+-induced release of cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1	Mus musculus	156-159
21975039-7	2011	Cells were treated with MPP+ (MPTP metabolite) following siRNA silencing of the Nox2-stabilizing subunit p22phox, or simultaneously with NADPH oxidase pharmacological inhibitors or with losartan to antagonize angiotensin II type 1 receptor-induced NADPH oxidase activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	80-84
21615675-6	2011	On the other hand, thiol antioxidant N-acetylcysteine or glutamate receptor antagonist D-AP5 also partially alleviates MPP(+) -induced mitochondrial fragmentation, suggesting a vicious spiral of events contributes to MPP(+) -induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-122	adaptor related protein complex 5 subunit beta 1	Homo sapiens	89-92
21737065-4	2011	Inhibition of endogenously expressed nNOS by 7-NI and ARR17477 enhanced the toxicity of MPP(+) and MG-132 in N1E-115 cells, whereas in transfected SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing nNOS, ARR17477 and 7-NI protected against MPP(+)- and MG-132-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	218-221	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	37-41
20883471-3	2011	However, the functional interaction of OCTs and MATE1 for uptake and transcellular transport of the oral antidiabetic drug metformin or of the cation 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) has not fully been characterized.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-182	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Canis lupus familiaris	48-53
21497157-5	2011	In addition, TSG suppressed both the upregulation of the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 and the activation of caspase-3 induced by MPP+, and TSG inhibited apoptosis as detected by flow cytometric analysis using Annexin-V and propidium (PI) label.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	122-126	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	101-110
21741364-3	2011	Here, we show that in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, Epo and G-CSF efficiently repressed the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced expression of the proapoptotic protein PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-127	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
21741364-3	2011	Here, we show that in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, Epo and G-CSF efficiently repressed the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced expression of the proapoptotic protein PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-127	colony stimulating factor 3	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
21741364-3	2011	Here, we show that in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, Epo and G-CSF efficiently repressed the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced expression of the proapoptotic protein PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-127	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	185-188
21131360-6	2011	Cultured cell experiments revealed that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress not only promoted phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) but also enhanced interaction between phosphorylated p38MAPK and ATF6alpha, leading to increment in transcriptional activator activity of ATF6alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	139-175
21359964-11	2011	The OCT1- and OCTN2-expressing cells transported the canonical substrates, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) and carnitine, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-111	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-8
21359964-11	2011	The OCT1- and OCTN2-expressing cells transported the canonical substrates, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) and carnitine, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-111	solute carrier family 22 member 5	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
21842654-10	2011	Additionally, MPP+ enhanced caspase-9 and caspase-3 ac tivity, respectively, while not caspase-8.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	28-37
21842654-10	2011	Additionally, MPP+ enhanced caspase-9 and caspase-3 ac tivity, respectively, while not caspase-8.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	42-51
21842654-12	2011	Taken together, puerarin can modulate mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibit the cytochrome c releasing-caspase cascade to pre vent MPP+ -induced cell injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-142	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	87-99
21356203-7	2011	The present study investigated the effect of cryopreservation of human hepatocytes on the uptake of [(3)H]-estradiol-17beta-glucuronide (E(2)17betaG, substrate of OATP1B1/3/SLCO1B1/3) and [(3)H]-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+, substrate of OCT1/SLC22A1) into hepatocytes from 6 and 5 human donors, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	224-228	solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens	163-170
21235576-0	2011	HDAC6 regulates aggresome-autophagy degradation pathway of alpha-synuclein in response to MPP+-induced stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	histone deacetylase 6	Homo sapiens	0-5
21235576-0	2011	HDAC6 regulates aggresome-autophagy degradation pathway of alpha-synuclein in response to MPP+-induced stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	59-74
21255620-5	2011	Treatment of SH-SY5Y alpha-synuclein over-expressing cells with MPP+, the active metabolite of the neurotoxin MPTP, increased the inflammatory response in BV-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	21-36
21172413-9	2011	MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) (400muM) was used to induce cytotoxicity in NGF (nerve growth factor)-differentiated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
21172413-9	2011	MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) (400muM) was used to induce cytotoxicity in NGF (nerve growth factor)-differentiated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	107-126
21172413-17	2011	RESULTS: Our findings indicate that MYH provides protection against MPP+-induced injury in NGF-differentiated PC12 cell.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	91-94
21440023-7	2011	Z006 (30 muM) also blocked the tTG mediated incorporation of BAP into alpha-synuclein monomers and SDS-resistant multimers in vitro and in alpha-synuclein overexpressing SHSY5Y cells exposed to A23187 or the PD mimetic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	246-249	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	31-34
21352099-7	2011	Both NNMT expression and 1-methylnicotinamide protected SH-SY5Y cells from the toxicity of the Complex I inhibitors MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion) and rotenone by reversing their effects upon ATP synthesis, the ATP/ADP ratio, Complex I activity and the NDUFS3 subunit.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	5-9
21131360-6	2011	Cultured cell experiments revealed that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress not only promoted phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) but also enhanced interaction between phosphorylated p38MAPK and ATF6alpha, leading to increment in transcriptional activator activity of ATF6alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	177-184
21131360-6	2011	Cultured cell experiments revealed that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress not only promoted phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) but also enhanced interaction between phosphorylated p38MAPK and ATF6alpha, leading to increment in transcriptional activator activity of ATF6alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-75	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	239-246
21131360-6	2011	Cultured cell experiments revealed that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress not only promoted phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) but also enhanced interaction between phosphorylated p38MAPK and ATF6alpha, leading to increment in transcriptional activator activity of ATF6alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-75	activating transcription factor 6	Mus musculus	251-260
21131360-6	2011	Cultured cell experiments revealed that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress not only promoted phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) but also enhanced interaction between phosphorylated p38MAPK and ATF6alpha, leading to increment in transcriptional activator activity of ATF6alpha.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-75	activating transcription factor 6	Mus musculus	324-333
21128598-10	2011	The hMATE1-mediated transport of agmatine was inhibited by polyamines, the prototypical substrates MPP+ and paraquat, as well as guanidine and arcaine, but not l-arginine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Homo sapiens	4-10
19368990-4	2011	In our study, we injected 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) into unilateral substantia nigra (SN) which induced ipsilateral endogenous fractalkine expression on neuron and observe the increase of CX3CR1 expression in response to MPP(+) by Western blotting analysis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-58	C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-149
19368990-4	2011	In our study, we injected 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) into unilateral substantia nigra (SN) which induced ipsilateral endogenous fractalkine expression on neuron and observe the increase of CX3CR1 expression in response to MPP(+) by Western blotting analysis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-58	C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	199-205
21776258-6	2011	Finally, we determined that the antioxidative properties of 24-Epi lead to the inhibition of MPP(+)-induced apoptosis by reducing DNA fragmentation as well as the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio and cleaved caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-99	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	163-166
21130087-2	2011	In this study, we show that SIRT1 siRNA transfection blocks MPP(+)-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-66	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
21130087-1	2011	One of the functions mediated by sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), the NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, has been suggested to be neuroprotective since resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator, inhibits 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	215-222	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	33-42
21130087-1	2011	One of the functions mediated by sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), the NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, has been suggested to be neuroprotective since resveratrol, a SIRT1 activator, inhibits 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	215-222	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
21056612-4	2011	Preincubation of AST (50 muM) significantly attenuates MPP+-induced oxidative damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	latexin	Homo sapiens	25-28
21056612-6	2011	Our results suggest that the protective effects of AST on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be due to its anti-oxidative properties and anti-apoptotic activity via induction of expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	257-262
21056612-6	2011	Our results suggest that the protective effects of AST on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be due to its anti-oxidative properties and anti-apoptotic activity via induction of expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	267-270
21776258-6	2011	Finally, we determined that the antioxidative properties of 24-Epi lead to the inhibition of MPP(+)-induced apoptosis by reducing DNA fragmentation as well as the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio and cleaved caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-99	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	167-172
20869113-3	2010	We found that TRH and all the tested analogues at concentrations 0.1-50 muM attenuated cell damage induced by MPP(+) (2 mM), 3-nitropropionate (10 mM), hydrogen peroxide (0.5 mM), homocysteine (250 muM) and beta-amyloid (20muM) in retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-116	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	14-17
20963499-3	2010	In the present work, we studied the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-EP1 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	46-74
20963499-3	2010	In the present work, we studied the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-EP1 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	76-81
20963499-4	2010	We found that the PI3K/AKT pathway plays a central role in IGF-mediated cell survival against MPP+ neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	23-26
20963499-5	2010	Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protective effect of AKT is largely dependent on the inactivation of GSK-3beta, since inhibition of GSK-3beta by its inhibitor, BIO, could mimic the protective effect of IGF-1 on MPP+-induced cell death in SH-EP1 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	217-221	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	59-62
20963499-5	2010	Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protective effect of AKT is largely dependent on the inactivation of GSK-3beta, since inhibition of GSK-3beta by its inhibitor, BIO, could mimic the protective effect of IGF-1 on MPP+-induced cell death in SH-EP1 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	217-221	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	107-116
20963499-5	2010	Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protective effect of AKT is largely dependent on the inactivation of GSK-3beta, since inhibition of GSK-3beta by its inhibitor, BIO, could mimic the protective effect of IGF-1 on MPP+-induced cell death in SH-EP1 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	217-221	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	138-147
20963499-5	2010	Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protective effect of AKT is largely dependent on the inactivation of GSK-3beta, since inhibition of GSK-3beta by its inhibitor, BIO, could mimic the protective effect of IGF-1 on MPP+-induced cell death in SH-EP1 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	217-221	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	208-213
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	112-115
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	116-125
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	171-174
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	116-125
20963499-7	2010	Thus, our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protects SH-EP1 cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway, which in turn inhibits MPP+-induced JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	171-174
20817061-0	2010	Prosurvival role of JAK/STAT and Akt signaling pathways in MPP+-induced apoptosis in neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
22016808-10	2011	Furthermore, direct application of either 6-OHDA or MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum) to CAD (CNS-derived catecholinaminergic neuronal cell line) cell cultures, reduced TID1 expression levels.Our results suggest that changes in cellular TID1 are a factor in the pathogenesis of PD by impeding functional and structural compensation and exaggerating neurodegenerative processes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member A3	Rattus norvegicus	169-173
22016808-10	2011	Furthermore, direct application of either 6-OHDA or MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum) to CAD (CNS-derived catecholinaminergic neuronal cell line) cell cultures, reduced TID1 expression levels.Our results suggest that changes in cellular TID1 are a factor in the pathogenesis of PD by impeding functional and structural compensation and exaggerating neurodegenerative processes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member A3	Rattus norvegicus	237-241
20868657-8	2010	More importantly, E-EPA attenuated the MPP(+) induced increase in n-6 fatty acids content, partially attenuated the striatal dopaminergic turnover, and prevented the increases of pro-apoptotic bax and caspase-3 mRNAs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-42	caspase 3	Mus musculus	201-210
20869113-3	2010	We found that TRH and all the tested analogues at concentrations 0.1-50 muM attenuated cell damage induced by MPP(+) (2 mM), 3-nitropropionate (10 mM), hydrogen peroxide (0.5 mM), homocysteine (250 muM) and beta-amyloid (20muM) in retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-116	latexin	Homo sapiens	72-75
20546814-7	2010	In this study, we showed that the protein level of HIF-1 alpha was decreased in rotenone or MPP(+)-treated SH-SY5Y cell models of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-98	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	51-62
20643188-0	2010	Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside attenuates MPP+-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells by inhibiting ROS generation and modulating JNK activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	123-126
20615459-4	2010	Compared to the wild-type, in primary astrocytes, AQP4 knockout increased the cell damage and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which were induced by MPP(+), LPS and ethanol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	161-164	aquaporin 4	Homo sapiens	50-54
20502937-1	2010	In the present study we demonstrated that neurotoxin MPP(+)-induced DNA damage is followed by ataxia telangiectasia muted (ATM) activation either in cerebellar granule cells (CGC) or in B65 cell line.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-56	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	94-121
20502937-1	2010	In the present study we demonstrated that neurotoxin MPP(+)-induced DNA damage is followed by ataxia telangiectasia muted (ATM) activation either in cerebellar granule cells (CGC) or in B65 cell line.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-56	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	123-126
20600837-0	2010	Mitochondrial UCP5 is neuroprotective by preserving mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP levels, and reducing oxidative stress in MPP+ and dopamine toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	solute carrier family 25 member 14	Homo sapiens	14-18
20615462-2	2010	Our previous studies found that fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) prevented 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced nigral dopaminergic neuron death and was involved in the neuroprotection of the antioxidant melatonin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-111	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	32-58
20615462-2	2010	Our previous studies found that fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) prevented 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced nigral dopaminergic neuron death and was involved in the neuroprotection of the antioxidant melatonin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-111	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	60-64
20615462-7	2010	Inhibition of gamma-GCS or HO-1 prevented the inhibitory effect of FGF9 on MPP(+)-induced H(2)O(2) production and death in mesencephalic dopaminergic and cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-81	glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	14-23
20615462-7	2010	Inhibition of gamma-GCS or HO-1 prevented the inhibitory effect of FGF9 on MPP(+)-induced H(2)O(2) production and death in mesencephalic dopaminergic and cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-81	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	27-31
20615462-7	2010	Inhibition of gamma-GCS or HO-1 prevented the inhibitory effect of FGF9 on MPP(+)-induced H(2)O(2) production and death in mesencephalic dopaminergic and cortical neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-81	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	67-71
20547144-4	2010	Cell cultures show that R492X PINK1 mutation induces the generation of cellular reactive oxidative species (ROS), degrades cell membrane potential, causes cytochrome C (Cyt.C) release from mitochondrial to cytoplasm, attenuates mitochondrial complex I activity, and lastly, causes changes in mitochondrial numbers and morphology; especially when cells are treated with 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	402-405	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-35
20626561-3	2010	Treatment of VM cultures with the fragment of OPN containing the RGD integrin binding domain did not decrease TH positive cell number, but instead the peptide fragment protected against cell loss induced by both MPP(+) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	212-215	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-49
20541008-11	2010	Prior hypoxia attenuated the MPP(+)-induced elevation in LC3-II levels and cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-35	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	57-60
20541008-12	2010	Moreover, hypoxic pretreatment inhibited MPP(+)-induced activation of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-47	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	70-79
20452332-6	2010	The neuroprotective effect of meloxicam on MPP(+)-induced apoptosis was abolished by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002, but not by a MEK inhibitor, PD98059.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-49	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	87-116
19763737-7	2010	Stable knockdown of UCP2 expression reduced ATP levels, and abolished leptin protection against MPP+-induced mitochondrial depolarization, ATP deficiency, and cell death, indicating that UCP2 is critical in mediating these neuroprotective effects of leptin against MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-100	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
20385226-0	2010	Transcriptional regulation of UCP4 by NF-kappaB and its role in mediating protection against MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-96	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	30-34
20385226-1	2010	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4) enhances neuronal cell survival in MPP(+)-induced toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and preserving intracellular ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-83	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	0-34
20385226-1	2010	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-4 (UCP4) enhances neuronal cell survival in MPP(+)-induced toxicity by suppressing oxidative stress and preserving intracellular ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-83	solute carrier family 25 member 27	Homo sapiens	36-40
19763737-0	2010	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) mediates leptin protection against MPP+ toxicity in neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	0-34
20304020-2	2010	We assessed the effect of PAF against the toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a parkinsonian toxin, in relation to apoptotic process.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-86	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
20304020-7	2010	The results show that PAF at low concentrations, which does not induce a significant toxicity, may prevent the MPP(+) toxicity by suppressing the apoptosis-related protein activation and mitochondrial membrane permeability change that lead to the cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-117	PCNA clamp associated factor	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
19763737-0	2010	Mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) mediates leptin protection against MPP+ toxicity in neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
19763737-7	2010	Stable knockdown of UCP2 expression reduced ATP levels, and abolished leptin protection against MPP+-induced mitochondrial depolarization, ATP deficiency, and cell death, indicating that UCP2 is critical in mediating these neuroprotective effects of leptin against MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-100	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	187-191
19763737-9	2010	Our findings show that leptin preserves cell survival by maintaining MMP and ATP levels mediated through UCP2 in MPP+-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	uncoupling protein 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
20345925-7	2010	Treatment of cells with CYP2D6 inhibitors (quinidine, propanolol, metoprolol or timolol) at varying concentrations significantly increased the neurotoxicity caused by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) at 10 and 25 microM by between 9 +/- 1 and 22 +/- 5% (P &lt; 0.01).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	196-200	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	24-30
20064577-3	2010	Here we have shown that IGF-1 protects PC12 cells from toxic effects of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridiniumion (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-107	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-29
20345925-8	2010	We found that CYP3A is also expressed in SH-SY5Y cells and inhibiting CYP3A with ketoconazole significantly increased the cell death caused by 10 and 25 microM of MPP+ by between 8 +/- 1 and 30 +/- 3% (P &lt; 0.001).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	163-167	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	14-19
20345925-8	2010	We found that CYP3A is also expressed in SH-SY5Y cells and inhibiting CYP3A with ketoconazole significantly increased the cell death caused by 10 and 25 microM of MPP+ by between 8 +/- 1 and 30 +/- 3% (P &lt; 0.001).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	163-167	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	70-75
20007701-4	2010	Expression of rVMAT2 confers resistance to acriflavine and to the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) by their removal into the yeast vacuole.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-117	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Rattus norvegicus	14-20
20110403-10	2010	All these effects were mediated through ERalpha, since they were produced not only in the presence of E(2), but also in that of PPT, while they were abolished in the presence of MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	178-181	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	40-47
19744503-0	2010	Rg1 protects the MPP+-treated MES23.5 cells via attenuating DMT1 up-regulation and cellular iron uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-20	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3A	Mus musculus	0-3
19948168-8	2010	Consistent with the effects of zonisamide on MAO-B, the striatal content of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), which is derived from the administered MPTP via MAO-B actions, was substantially reduced in mice treated with MPTP and zonisamide.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-108	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	162-167
19744503-6	2010	In the present study, we observed that pretreatment with Rg1 could inhibit MPP+-induced up-regulation of DMT1-IRE in MES23.5 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-78	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3A	Mus musculus	57-60
19744503-10	2010	These results indicate that Rg1 protected the MPP+-treated MES23.5 cells via attenuating DMT1-IRE up-regulation likely through inhibition of ROS-NF-kappaB pathway; Attenuation of DMT1-IRE expression decreased the iron influx and iron-induced oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3A	Mus musculus	28-31
20012264-3	2010	PMAT was shown to transport monoamine neurotransmitters as well as organic cations such as 1-phenyl-4-methyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-124	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
21152247-5	2010	Using dopaminergic cell lines stably overexpressing each 14-3-3 isoform, we found that overexpression of 14-3-3theta, epsilon, or gamma led to resistance to both rotenone and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), while other isoforms were not protective against both toxins.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-207	tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein theta	Homo sapiens	57-63
21152247-5	2010	Using dopaminergic cell lines stably overexpressing each 14-3-3 isoform, we found that overexpression of 14-3-3theta, epsilon, or gamma led to resistance to both rotenone and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), while other isoforms were not protective against both toxins.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-207	tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein theta	Mus musculus	105-116
19778565-0	2010	NF-kappaB mediates MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death in neuroblastoma cells SH-EP1 through JNK and c-Jun/AP-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-9
19778565-0	2010	NF-kappaB mediates MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death in neuroblastoma cells SH-EP1 through JNK and c-Jun/AP-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	prostaglandin E receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
19883732-6	2010	These findings collectively show that endogenously expressed TIMP-2 has a neuroprotective role, and they imply that the inhibition of TIMP-2 expression by MPP(+) or 6-OHDA may contribute, in part, to neuronal cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-158	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	61-67
19883732-6	2010	These findings collectively show that endogenously expressed TIMP-2 has a neuroprotective role, and they imply that the inhibition of TIMP-2 expression by MPP(+) or 6-OHDA may contribute, in part, to neuronal cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-158	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2	Homo sapiens	134-140
19457107-6	2009	Inhibitors of cPLA(2) and PKG increased viability and reduced MPP(+)-induced apoptosis of the cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-68	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	14-21
19649707-2	2010	Here, SH-SY5Y cells expressing wild-type or A53T alpha-synuclein had increased sensitivity to methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP(+)), which induces mitochondrial dysfunction, and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which causes oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	128-131	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	49-64
19695701-0	2009	TRPC1 inhibits apoptotic cell degeneration induced by dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP/MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-86	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
19369384-1	2009	We have shown in the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin MPP(+)/MPTP model that alpha-Synuclein (alpha-Syn), a presynaptic protein causal in Parkinson"s disease (PD), contributes to hyperphosphorylation of Tau (p-Tau), a protein normally linked to tauopathies, such as Alzheimer"s disease (AD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-57	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	77-92
19369384-1	2009	We have shown in the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin MPP(+)/MPTP model that alpha-Synuclein (alpha-Syn), a presynaptic protein causal in Parkinson"s disease (PD), contributes to hyperphosphorylation of Tau (p-Tau), a protein normally linked to tauopathies, such as Alzheimer"s disease (AD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-57	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	77-86
19369384-4	2009	MPP(+) treatment induced translocation and accumulation of p-GSK-3beta in nuclei of SH-SY5Y cells and mesencephalic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	61-70
19778565-0	2010	NF-kappaB mediates MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death in neuroblastoma cells SH-EP1 through JNK and c-Jun/AP-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	91-94
19778565-0	2010	NF-kappaB mediates MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death in neuroblastoma cells SH-EP1 through JNK and c-Jun/AP-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	99-104
19778565-0	2010	NF-kappaB mediates MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death in neuroblastoma cells SH-EP1 through JNK and c-Jun/AP-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	105-109
19778565-7	2010	Inhibition of JNK activation with a specific JNK inhibitor partially reduced the MPP(+)-mediated cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	14-17
19778565-7	2010	Inhibition of JNK activation with a specific JNK inhibitor partially reduced the MPP(+)-mediated cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	81-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	45-48
19735655-2	2009	We show that a short 24-amino acid C-terminal peptide of MGF (MGF24) upregulates heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and protects SH-SY5Y cells against apoptosis and cell loss induced by three DA cell-specific neurotoxins: 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	279-282	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
19735655-2	2009	We show that a short 24-amino acid C-terminal peptide of MGF (MGF24) upregulates heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and protects SH-SY5Y cells against apoptosis and cell loss induced by three DA cell-specific neurotoxins: 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	279-282	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
19735655-3	2009	MGF24 maintains the mitochondrial membrane potential and blocks the release of mitochondrial apoptotic-inducing factor into the cytoplasm induced by 6-OHDA, MPP(+), and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-163	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
19638632-3	2009	We studied the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-p35 in the neuronal cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyrinidinium ion (MPP+), which has been used as an in vitro model of Parkinson disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	23-48
19638632-3	2009	We studied the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-p35 in the neuronal cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyrinidinium ion (MPP+), which has been used as an in vitro model of Parkinson disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	50-54
19638632-3	2009	We studied the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-p35 in the neuronal cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyrinidinium ion (MPP+), which has been used as an in vitro model of Parkinson disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	56-59
19638632-4	2009	When cultured neurons were treated with 100 microM MPP+, p35 was degraded by proteasomes at 3 h, much earlier than the neurons underwent cell death at 12-24 h. The degradation of p35 was accompanied by the down-regulation of Cdk5 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	57-60
19638632-4	2009	When cultured neurons were treated with 100 microM MPP+, p35 was degraded by proteasomes at 3 h, much earlier than the neurons underwent cell death at 12-24 h. The degradation of p35 was accompanied by the down-regulation of Cdk5 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	179-182
19638632-4	2009	When cultured neurons were treated with 100 microM MPP+, p35 was degraded by proteasomes at 3 h, much earlier than the neurons underwent cell death at 12-24 h. The degradation of p35 was accompanied by the down-regulation of Cdk5 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	225-229
19638632-8	2009	The overexpression of p35 attenuated MPP+-induced neuronal cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
19638632-9	2009	In contrast, depletion of p35 with short hairpin RNA not only induced cell death but also sensitized to MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
19638632-10	2009	These results indicate that a brief MPP+ treatment triggers the delayed neuronal cell death by the down-regulation of Cdk5 activity via mitochondrial dysfunction-induced up-regulation of proteasome activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	118-122
19638632-11	2009	We propose a role for Cdk5-p35 as a survival factor in countering MPP+-induced neuronal cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	22-30
20184101-9	2009	RESULTS: Administration of, MPP+ decreased SLA (-52%; p = 0.003) as compared to control group values, whereas those mice pretreated with CuSO4 16 h before MPP+, increased SLA by 47% as compared with control group (p = 0.015).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	src-like adaptor	Mus musculus	43-46
19357179-9	2009	For hOCT2, the inhibition of Et(+) uptake by MPP(+) and cimetidine was shown to be competitive.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-51	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	4-9
19519772-3	2009	The potency of p-tyramine and other non-catechols (d-amphetamine, beta-phenethylamine, MPP(+)) in inhibiting cocaine analog binding to DAT in digitonin-treated cells was markedly weakened to a level similar to that observed in cell-free membranes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-90	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	135-138
19476551-0	2009	Fibroblast growth factor 9 prevents MPP+-induced death of dopaminergic neurons and is involved in melatonin neuroprotection in vivo and in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	fibroblast growth factor 9	Homo sapiens	0-26
18799798-3	2008	We here locally injected adenovirus containing human HO-1 gene (Ad-HO-1) into rat substantia nigra concomitantly with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	147-150	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
19006086-5	2009	IPT could also inhibit the increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	156-159	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	114-126
19006086-8	2009	It was found that IPT inhibited the decrease in mitochondrial COX I and COX IV activity induced by MPP+, but 5-HD failed to abolish these effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1	Homo sapiens	72-78
19245369-7	2009	Treatment with GM-CSF significantly reduced MPP+-induced dopaminergic cell death in PC12 cells and PMNs in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	15-21
19239227-5	2009	In parallel to the alteration in gene expression, functional activity studies indicated that the cellular uptake of benzoic acid, MPP+, calcein-AM, H33342, representative substrates of MCT1, OCT1, MRPs and BCRP, respectively, was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) altered by c-Myc overexpression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	solute carrier family 16 member 1	Homo sapiens	185-189
19032594-3	2008	Here we show that differentiated human dopaminergic neuron-like cells also have increased resistance to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+), the active metabolite of MPTP, when alpha-synuclein is knocked down using RNA interference.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	174-189
19032594-4	2008	In attempting to understand how this occurred we found that lowering alpha-synuclein levels caused changes to intracellular vesicles, dopamine transporter (DAT) and vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2), each of which is known to be an important component of the early events leading to MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	289-293	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	69-84
19032594-4	2008	In attempting to understand how this occurred we found that lowering alpha-synuclein levels caused changes to intracellular vesicles, dopamine transporter (DAT) and vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2), each of which is known to be an important component of the early events leading to MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	289-293	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	198-203
19032594-7	2008	We then showed that alpha-synuclein knockdown prevented MPP+ -induced activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	20-35
19032594-7	2008	We then showed that alpha-synuclein knockdown prevented MPP+ -induced activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	84-105
18700057-3	2009	The results showed that Ipt could decrease MPP+-induced TNF-alpha release and p38 MAPK activation in reactive astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	56-65
19002438-6	2009	Structural alignment of most potent inhibitor drugs of OCT2-mediated MPP(+) uptake was used to construct a two-point pharmacophore consisting of an ion-pair interaction site and a hydrophobic aromatic site separated by 5.0 A.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-75	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
19371576-0	2009	BDNF mediates the neuroprotective effects of positive AMPA receptor modulators against MPP+-induced toxicity in cultured hippocampal and mesencephalic slices.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
19371576-8	2009	Both a BDNF scavenger and an inhibitor of the BDNF receptor TrkB, abrogated CX614-mediated reduction of MPP(+)-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-110	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	7-11
19371576-8	2009	Both a BDNF scavenger and an inhibitor of the BDNF receptor TrkB, abrogated CX614-mediated reduction of MPP(+)-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-110	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	46-50
19371576-8	2009	Both a BDNF scavenger and an inhibitor of the BDNF receptor TrkB, abrogated CX614-mediated reduction of MPP(+)-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-110	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
19371576-11	2009	We conclude that CX614 is neuroprotective against MPP(+)-induced toxicity, an effect mediated by increased BDNF expression and activation of BDNF-dependent signaling pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-56	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	107-111
19371576-11	2009	We conclude that CX614 is neuroprotective against MPP(+)-induced toxicity, an effect mediated by increased BDNF expression and activation of BDNF-dependent signaling pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-56	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	141-145
18462830-0	2008	Kynurenic acid attenuates MPP(+)-induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death via a Bax-mediated mitochondrial pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-32	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	80-83
19073440-3	2008	Here we selectively expressed constitutively active GSK3beta within the mitochondria and found that this enhanced the apoptosis signaling activated by the PD-mimetic NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) inhibitors 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-257	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	52-60
19073440-3	2008	Here we selectively expressed constitutively active GSK3beta within the mitochondria and found that this enhanced the apoptosis signaling activated by the PD-mimetic NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) inhibitors 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) and rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-257	hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 6	Homo sapiens	182-196
19073440-6	2008	Conversely, chemical inhibitors of GSK3beta inhibited MPP+- and rotenone-induced apoptosis, and attenuated the mitochondrial GSK3beta-mediated impairment in complex I.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	35-43
18602972-5	2008	Treatment with misoprostol significantly attenuated the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability change that leads to the increase in pro-apoptotic Bax and Cytochrome c levels, and subsequent caspase-3 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-62	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
18602972-5	2008	Treatment with misoprostol significantly attenuated the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability change that leads to the increase in pro-apoptotic Bax and Cytochrome c levels, and subsequent caspase-3 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-62	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	202-211
18981141-4	2008	MAC1 deficiency greatly attenuated the DAergic neurodegeneration induced by MPTP or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridium iodide (MPP(+)) exposure both in vivo and in vitro, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-122	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	0-4
18606181-1	2008	Neurotoxic effects of MPTP on the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system are thought to be initiated by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a metabolite formed by the monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B-mediated oxidation of MPTP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	128-132	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	162-187
18332857-2	2008	In the present investigation, we provide evidence that pioglitazone is effective in the MPTP mouse model, not via an anti-inflammatory action, but through inhibition of MAO-B, the enzyme required to biotransform MPTP to its active neurotoxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	282-286	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	169-174
18331475-0	2008	Anti-apoptotic effect of Mao-B inhibitor PF9601N [N-(2-propynyl)-2-(5-benzyloxy-indolyl) methylamine] is mediated by p53 pathway inhibition in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y human dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	143-147	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	25-30
18331475-0	2008	Anti-apoptotic effect of Mao-B inhibitor PF9601N [N-(2-propynyl)-2-(5-benzyloxy-indolyl) methylamine] is mediated by p53 pathway inhibition in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y human dopaminergic cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	143-147	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	117-120
18094921-0	2008	Activation of NF-kappaB p65/c-Rel dimer is associated with neuroprotection elicited by mGlu5 receptor agonists against MPP(+) toxicity in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-122	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	24-27
18094921-0	2008	Activation of NF-kappaB p65/c-Rel dimer is associated with neuroprotection elicited by mGlu5 receptor agonists against MPP(+) toxicity in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-122	REL proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	28-33
18036149-3	2008	Mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) responsible for in vivo conversion of MPTP to MPP+ was inhibited in SC by pre-treatment with l-deprenyl, a specific inhibitor of MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	21-40
18342443-0	2008	Differential effects of overexpression of wild-type and mutant human alpha-synuclein on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	69-84
18342443-4	2008	In the present study, we used the PC12 cell line, a well recognized model of the nigral cell, to investigate the effects of overexpression of wild-type (WT) and mutant human alpha-synuclein on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	193-197	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	174-189
18342443-6	2008	Furthermore, assays of 131I-FP-beta-CIT binding with DAT membrane fractions showed that WT and mutant alpha-synuclein had different effects on the expression of DAT on the cell membrane following exposure to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-212	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	102-117
18342443-6	2008	Furthermore, assays of 131I-FP-beta-CIT binding with DAT membrane fractions showed that WT and mutant alpha-synuclein had different effects on the expression of DAT on the cell membrane following exposure to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-212	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	161-164
18164516-5	2008	The nNOS inhibitor caused dose-dependent inhibition in the production of OH in (i) Fenton-like reaction employing ferrous citrate in a cell-free system in test tubes, (ii) in isolated mitochondrial preparation in presence of MPP+, and (iii) in the striatum of mice systemically treated with MPTP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	225-229	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	4-8
18287335-4	2008	In this work we present the high-level expression of rat VMAT2 (rVMAT2) in a stable a human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293), generated using the resistance to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) conferred by the protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-210	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Rattus norvegicus	57-62
18287335-4	2008	In this work we present the high-level expression of rat VMAT2 (rVMAT2) in a stable a human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293), generated using the resistance to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) conferred by the protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	207-210	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Rattus norvegicus	64-70
18255213-6	2008	A threefold increase in caspase-3 activity (P<0.001) and a twofold increase in DNA fragmentation (P<0.05) with MPP(+) treatment was decreased by 55% (P<0.01) and 52% (P<0.05), respectively with IP6.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	111-114	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	24-33
18036149-3	2008	Mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) responsible for in vivo conversion of MPTP to MPP+ was inhibited in SC by pre-treatment with l-deprenyl, a specific inhibitor of MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	42-47
18036149-3	2008	Mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) responsible for in vivo conversion of MPTP to MPP+ was inhibited in SC by pre-treatment with l-deprenyl, a specific inhibitor of MAO-B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	178-183
17712623-5	2008	Results showed that overexpressed alpha-synuclein and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) suppressed the SH-SY5Y cell viability and attenuate NF-kappaB-mediated luciferase expression significantly.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-86	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	34-49
18218782-4	2008	Here, we report that depletion of Pink1 by RNAi increased neuronal toxicity induced by MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-90	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
18583171-2	2008	Brain CYP2E1 inhibition by DDC in C57Bl mice was responsible for increased toxicity and striatal MPP(+) accumulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	97-103	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	6-12
17961515-7	2007	Further, overexpression of Grx2 abolished MPP(+)-mediated toxicity in vitro in neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-48	glutaredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
17904225-2	2007	Recently, we demonstrated that the dopaminergic toxin MPP+ initiates oxidative stress to cause caspase-3-dependent apoptotic cell death in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal (N27) cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	95-104
18064062-7	2007	Despite the undefined role of protein aggregation to the cell death, our results showed that the toxicity of MPP+ was mainly caused by the ATP depletion in the alpha-synuclein transgenic C. elegans.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	160-175
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1	Mus musculus	0-7
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1	Mus musculus	21-28
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1	Mus musculus	21-28
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1	Mus musculus	21-28
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	188-192
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	193-196
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1	Mus musculus	21-28
17726113-9	2007	LINGO-1 antagonists (LINGO-1-Fc, dominant negative LINGO-1, and anti-LINGO-1 antibody) improved DA neuron survival in response to MPP+ in part by mechanisms that involve activation of the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway through a direct inhibition of LINGO-1"s binding to EGFR.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	267-271
16860906-3	2007	In this study, we found that reducing the endogenous expression level of Atrn exacerbated, whereas overexpressing Atrn protected against, the neuronal cell death caused by the neurotoxins, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and lactacystin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	218-222	attractin	Mus musculus	73-77
16860906-3	2007	In this study, we found that reducing the endogenous expression level of Atrn exacerbated, whereas overexpressing Atrn protected against, the neuronal cell death caused by the neurotoxins, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and lactacystin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	218-222	attractin	Mus musculus	114-118
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	156-160
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	autophagy related 7	Homo sapiens	162-166
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	GABA type A receptor associated protein like 1	Homo sapiens	171-175
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	205-213
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3	Homo sapiens	245-251
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3	Homo sapiens	252-257
17622797-5	2007	We found that the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPP(+) induces autophagy and mitochondrial degradation that is inhibited by siRNA knockdown of autophagy proteins Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8, but occurs independently of Beclin 1, a component of the class III (PIK3C3/Vps34) phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-45	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	259-284
17904225-10	2007	Similarly, co-treatment with these inhibitors also significantly attenuated MPP+-induced increases in caspase-3 enzymatic activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	102-111
17560790-8	2007	Furthermore, increased 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) synaptosomal uptake and enhanced MPP(+) accumulation were measured in DJ-1-deficient vs. control striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-55	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	130-134
18404453-12	2007	Thus, guanosine antagonizes and reverses MPP(+)-induced cytotoxicity of neuroblastoma cells via activation of the cell survival pathway, PI-3-K/Akt/PKB.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-47	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	144-151
17359968-4	2007	In addition, pre-treatment with echinacoside significantly reduced caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-137	caspase 3	Mus musculus	67-76
17610816-4	2007	Prx2 is phosphorylated at T89 in neurons treated with MPP+ and/or MPTP in animals in a calpain/Cdk5/p35-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	paired related homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
17610816-4	2007	Prx2 is phosphorylated at T89 in neurons treated with MPP+ and/or MPTP in animals in a calpain/Cdk5/p35-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	95-99
17610816-4	2007	Prx2 is phosphorylated at T89 in neurons treated with MPP+ and/or MPTP in animals in a calpain/Cdk5/p35-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1	Homo sapiens	100-103
17492795-0	2007	Neuroprotective effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in MPP+-induced alteration of translational control in Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	27-77
17492795-0	2007	Neuroprotective effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in MPP+-induced alteration of translational control in Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	79-84
17610816-8	2007	Finally, downregulation of Prx2 increases oxidative stress and sensitivity to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	paired related homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
17359968-4	2007	In addition, pre-treatment with echinacoside significantly reduced caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-137	caspase 8	Mus musculus	81-90
17362920-1	2007	The neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured PC12 cells as well as the underlying mechanism were investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-84	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	31-45
17330988-0	2007	Does ORP150/HSP12A protect dopaminergic neurons against MPTP/MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity?	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-67	hypoxia up-regulated 1	Homo sapiens	5-11
17439717-9	2007	The level of either early apoptosis or late apoptosis/necrosis was remarkably increased in transfected cells compared with the control after treatment with 100 micromol/L MPP+ for 24 h. In addition, the presence of the typical DNA "ladder" was observed in the pcDNA3.1(+)-hm alpha-synuclein group when treated with 200 micromol/L MPP+ for 48 h. After the screening experiment, 12 of the 99 compounds were found to decrease DA-induced cytotoxicity on cell viability.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	275-290
17439717-11	2007	In addition, it was identified that cells overexpressing A53T mutant alpha-synuclein were significantly vulnerable against MPP+ or dopamine exposures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	69-84
17330988-0	2007	Does ORP150/HSP12A protect dopaminergic neurons against MPTP/MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity?	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-67	hypoxia up-regulated 1	Homo sapiens	12-18
17314199-3	2007	MPP+ induced the nuclear damage, the changes in the mitochondrial membrane permeability, leading to the cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the depletion of glutathione (GSH) in differentiated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	129-138
17465883-1	2007	We show that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)), an active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), induces cytotoxicity via endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- and mitochondria-mediated pathways, and thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1), a redox-active protein, prevents MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-49	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	226-239
17465883-1	2007	We show that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)), an active metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), induces cytotoxicity via endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- and mitochondria-mediated pathways, and thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1), a redox-active protein, prevents MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-49	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	241-246
17292807-3	2007	Both rotenone and MPP+ induced the nuclear damage, the changes in the mitochondrial membrane permeability, leading to the cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, the formation of reactive oxygen species and the depletion of GSH in differentiated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	18-22	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	147-156
17612594-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: The neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress in cultured PC12 cells, as well as the underlying mechanism, were investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-102	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	41-55
17612594-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: The neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced oxidative stress in cultured PC12 cells, as well as the underlying mechanism, were investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-102	erythropoietin	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
17343987-4	2007	We show a distinct increase in the expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D, cyclin E, cdk2, cdk4 and the transcription factor E2F-1 following a MPP+ treatment of CGNs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	cyclin E1	Rattus norvegicus	83-91
17343987-4	2007	We show a distinct increase in the expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D, cyclin E, cdk2, cdk4 and the transcription factor E2F-1 following a MPP+ treatment of CGNs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
17343987-4	2007	We show a distinct increase in the expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D, cyclin E, cdk2, cdk4 and the transcription factor E2F-1 following a MPP+ treatment of CGNs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	cyclin-dependent kinase 4	Rattus norvegicus	99-103
17343987-4	2007	We show a distinct increase in the expression of the cell cycle proteins cyclin D, cyclin E, cdk2, cdk4 and the transcription factor E2F-1 following a MPP+ treatment of CGNs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	E2F transcription factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	133-138
17343987-5	2007	Flavopiridol (FLAV), a broad inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ and significantly attenuates apoptosis mediated by MPP+ 200 microM.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
17343987-5	2007	Flavopiridol (FLAV), a broad inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ and significantly attenuates apoptosis mediated by MPP+ 200 microM.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	168-172	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
17391768-2	2007	The classical mechanism of MPP+ toxicity involves its entry into cells through the dopamine transporter (DAT) to inhibit aerobic glucose metabolism, while recent studies suggest that an oxidative mechanism may contribute to the toxicity of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	83-103
17391768-2	2007	The classical mechanism of MPP+ toxicity involves its entry into cells through the dopamine transporter (DAT) to inhibit aerobic glucose metabolism, while recent studies suggest that an oxidative mechanism may contribute to the toxicity of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	105-108
17391768-6	2007	Treatment with DAT inhibitor GBR 12909 significantly attenuated the enhanced glycolysis induced by 10 microM MPP+ in the striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
17391768-8	2007	These results suggest that the mechanism of the toxicity of MPP+ is biphasic and consists of a DAT-mediated mechanism selective for dopaminergic regions at a lower concentration of MPP+ (10 microM), and an oxidative mechanism that occurs at a higher concentration of MPP+ (100 microM) and is not restricted to dopaminergic regions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
17391768-8	2007	These results suggest that the mechanism of the toxicity of MPP+ is biphasic and consists of a DAT-mediated mechanism selective for dopaminergic regions at a lower concentration of MPP+ (10 microM), and an oxidative mechanism that occurs at a higher concentration of MPP+ (100 microM) and is not restricted to dopaminergic regions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	181-185	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
17391768-8	2007	These results suggest that the mechanism of the toxicity of MPP+ is biphasic and consists of a DAT-mediated mechanism selective for dopaminergic regions at a lower concentration of MPP+ (10 microM), and an oxidative mechanism that occurs at a higher concentration of MPP+ (100 microM) and is not restricted to dopaminergic regions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	181-185	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
17320868-0	2007	Neuroprotection by estrogen against MPP+-induced dopamine neuron death is mediated by ERalpha in primary cultures of mouse mesencephalon.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	86-93
17292807-4	2007	Lamotrigine significantly attenuated the rotenone- or MPP+-induced mitochondrial damage leading to caspase-3 activation, increased oxidative stress and cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	99-108
17292807-6	2007	The results show that lamotrigine seems to reduce the cytotoxicity of rotenone and MPP+ by suppressing the mitochondrial permeability transition formation, leading to cytochrome c release and subsequent activation of caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	217-226
17018840-2	2007	We previously demonstrated that PMAT functions as a polyspecific organic cation transporter and efficiently transports many organic cations such as monoamine neurotransmitters and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	209-212	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	32-36
17287338-8	2007	Changes in availability of synaptic and neurotrophin-signaling components represent axonal and synaptic-specific effects of MPP+ that would produce a dying-back pathology.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	40-52
17287339-5	2007	These effects of MPP+ were mimicked by the injection of an active form of caspase-3 and prevented by inhibitors of caspase-3 and protein kinase C delta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	74-83
17287339-5	2007	These effects of MPP+ were mimicked by the injection of an active form of caspase-3 and prevented by inhibitors of caspase-3 and protein kinase C delta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	115-124
17287339-5	2007	These effects of MPP+ were mimicked by the injection of an active form of caspase-3 and prevented by inhibitors of caspase-3 and protein kinase C delta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	129-151
17121826-4	2007	By constructing chimeras between human PMAT and ENT1, we showed that a chimera consisting of transmembrane domains (TM) 1-6 of PMAT and TM7-11 of hENT1 behaved like PMAT, transporting 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+, an organic cation) but not uridine (a nucleoside), suggesting that TM1-6 contains critical domains responsible for substrate recognition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	213-217	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	39-43
17121826-4	2007	By constructing chimeras between human PMAT and ENT1, we showed that a chimera consisting of transmembrane domains (TM) 1-6 of PMAT and TM7-11 of hENT1 behaved like PMAT, transporting 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+, an organic cation) but not uridine (a nucleoside), suggesting that TM1-6 contains critical domains responsible for substrate recognition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	213-217	solute carrier family 29 member 1 (Augustine blood group)	Homo sapiens	48-52
17121826-4	2007	By constructing chimeras between human PMAT and ENT1, we showed that a chimera consisting of transmembrane domains (TM) 1-6 of PMAT and TM7-11 of hENT1 behaved like PMAT, transporting 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+, an organic cation) but not uridine (a nucleoside), suggesting that TM1-6 contains critical domains responsible for substrate recognition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	213-217	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
17121826-4	2007	By constructing chimeras between human PMAT and ENT1, we showed that a chimera consisting of transmembrane domains (TM) 1-6 of PMAT and TM7-11 of hENT1 behaved like PMAT, transporting 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+, an organic cation) but not uridine (a nucleoside), suggesting that TM1-6 contains critical domains responsible for substrate recognition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	213-217	solute carrier family 29 member 1 (Augustine blood group)	Homo sapiens	146-151
17121826-4	2007	By constructing chimeras between human PMAT and ENT1, we showed that a chimera consisting of transmembrane domains (TM) 1-6 of PMAT and TM7-11 of hENT1 behaved like PMAT, transporting 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+, an organic cation) but not uridine (a nucleoside), suggesting that TM1-6 contains critical domains responsible for substrate recognition.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	213-217	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
17018840-5	2007	Using MDCK cells stably expressing human PMAT, we showed that PMAT-mediated MPP(+) uptake is strongly dependent on extracellular pH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-79	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	41-45
17018840-5	2007	Using MDCK cells stably expressing human PMAT, we showed that PMAT-mediated MPP(+) uptake is strongly dependent on extracellular pH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-79	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	62-66
17018840-6	2007	Lowering extracellular pH from 7.4 to 6.6 greatly stimulated PMAT-mediated MPP(+) uptake, whereas elevating extracellular pH to 8.2 abolished transporter activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-81	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	61-65
17018840-8	2007	Under acidic conditions (pH 6.6), the proton ionophore, carbonyl cyanide p-trifluormethoxyphenylhydrazone, drastically reduced PMAT-mediated MPP(+) uptake, suggesting that the stimulatory effect of proton may be due to transporter coupling with a proton gradient.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-147	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
17200184-7	2007	In contrast, inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase kinase reduced AV content, mitochondrial degradation, and cell death in MPP+-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	178-182	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	60-105
17169462-9	2007	Importantly, the elevated intracellular ROS levels and the neuronal death caused by OGD or by MPP(+) toxicity were significantly inhibited when PTEN was downregulated by a specific antisense oligonucleotide or by siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-97	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	144-148
17131421-10	2007	Knockdown does, however, confer resistance to the dopamine transporter (DAT)-dependent neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-130	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	50-70
17131421-10	2007	Knockdown does, however, confer resistance to the dopamine transporter (DAT)-dependent neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-130	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	72-75
17200184-9	2007	Likewise, in primary midbrain dopaminergic neurons, MPP+ elicited increased AV content, which was reversed by inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase kinase but not PI3K.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	157-202
17200184-10	2007	These results implicate a role for extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling upstream of MPP+-elicited autophagic stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	35-80
17200184-10	2007	These results implicate a role for extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling upstream of MPP+-elicited autophagic stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
17141206-11	2007	To demonstrate the specificity of these responses, an ERalpha-selective antagonist, MPP, was also used in combination with E2, PPT, or DPN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-87	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	54-61
17982879-0	2007	Luteolin protects rat PC12 and C6 cells against MPP+ induced toxicity via an ERK dependent Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
17982879-0	2007	Luteolin protects rat PC12 and C6 cells against MPP+ induced toxicity via an ERK dependent Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
17982879-0	2007	Luteolin protects rat PC12 and C6 cells against MPP+ induced toxicity via an ERK dependent Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
16941493-6	2006	However, UCP5 knockdown increased MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by 15% and oxidative stress levels by 40%, and partially restored MPP+-induced mitochondrial depolarization by 57%.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	solute carrier family 25 member 14	Homo sapiens	9-13
16715209-2	2006	7-Ketocholesterol significantly enhanced the MPP(+)-induced nuclear damage, decrease in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, cytosolic accumulation of cytochrome c, activation of caspase-3, increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of GSH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-51	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	185-194
17261789-2	2006	In this study, using a microdialysis technique, we investigated whether an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), 7-nitrindazole (7-NI), could protect against DAergic neuronal damage induced by in vivo infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenylpiridinium iodide (MPP(+)) in freely moving rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	263-266	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	88-118
17261789-2	2006	In this study, using a microdialysis technique, we investigated whether an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), 7-nitrindazole (7-NI), could protect against DAergic neuronal damage induced by in vivo infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenylpiridinium iodide (MPP(+)) in freely moving rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	263-266	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	120-124
17018646-5	2007	Conversely, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) and rotenone oxidized the mitochondrial form of thioredoxin but did not activate JNK-mitogen-activated protein kinase and caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-44	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	97-108
16989807-2	2006	MPP+-induced PC12 cell death was measured 72 h after exposure to 1.5 mM MPP+ by the release of lactate dehydrogenease, caspase-3 activation and stimulation of survival and stress mitogen-activated protein kinases.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	119-128
16989807-2	2006	MPP+-induced PC12 cell death was measured 72 h after exposure to 1.5 mM MPP+ by the release of lactate dehydrogenease, caspase-3 activation and stimulation of survival and stress mitogen-activated protein kinases.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	119-128
16941493-6	2006	However, UCP5 knockdown increased MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by 15% and oxidative stress levels by 40%, and partially restored MPP+-induced mitochondrial depolarization by 57%.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-130	solute carrier family 25 member 14	Homo sapiens	9-13
16716839-7	2006	The results show that econazole at the low concentrations may reduce the MPP(+)-induced viability loss in PC12 cells by suppressing the mitochondrial permeability transition, leading to activation of caspase-3 and the elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) levels, which are associated with the increased formation of ROS and depletion of GSH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-79	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	200-209
16725303-0	2006	Endogenous semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) inhibitor increases 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced dopamine efflux by immobilization stress in rat striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	amine oxidase, copper containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	11-48
16725303-0	2006	Endogenous semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) inhibitor increases 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced dopamine efflux by immobilization stress in rat striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	amine oxidase, copper containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
16632486-6	2006	Furthermore, co-expression of wild-type DJ-1 and PINK1 suppresses neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced death of dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-109	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	40-44
16632486-6	2006	Furthermore, co-expression of wild-type DJ-1 and PINK1 suppresses neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced death of dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-109	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	49-54
16876317-0	2006	The role of tissue transglutaminase in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced toxicity in differentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	transglutaminase 2	Homo sapiens	12-35
16625421-4	2006	Cyclosporin A (CsA), trifluoperazine and aristolochic acid, inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition, significantly attenuated the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial damage leading to caspase-3 activation, increased oxidative stress and cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-148	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	189-198
17000465-9	2006	Moreover, in the absence of alpha-Syn, the cells were more resistant to MPP+ -induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	28-37
16804760-1	2006	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) caused a nuclear damage, the mitochondrial membrane permeability changes, leading to the cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, the formation of reactive oxygen species and the depletion of GSH in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-35	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	181-190
16804760-2	2006	Nicardipine (a calcium channel blocker), EGTA (an extracellular calcium chelator), BAPTA-AM (a cell permeable calcium chelator) and calmodulin antagonists (W-7 and calmidazolium) attenuated the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial damage and cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	194-197	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	132-142
16733047-1	2006	Dopamine transporter (DAT) provides not only an integral component of dopaminergic neurotransmission but also a molecular gateway for the accumulation of some neurotoxins such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-212	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-20
16733047-1	2006	Dopamine transporter (DAT) provides not only an integral component of dopaminergic neurotransmission but also a molecular gateway for the accumulation of some neurotoxins such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-212	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
16675848-5	2006	Treatment with the antibody (Ab) against LR (LR-Ab) or YIGSR, a synthetic pentapeptide inhibitor for LR, significantly attenuated the MPP+-increased F4/80 immunoreactivity (24 h) and dopaminergic (DA) neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-138	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1	Mus musculus	149-154
16678164-0	2006	Heat shock proteins reduce alpha-synuclein aggregation induced by MPP+ in SK-N-SH cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	27-42
16554029-0	2006	Adiponectin protects human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-11
16554029-4	2006	In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of adiponectin on MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, as well as the underlying mechanism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	64-75
16554029-5	2006	Our results suggest that the protective effects of adiponectin on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be ascribed to its anti-oxidative properties, anti-apoptotic activity via inducing expression of SOD and catalase, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	51-62
16554029-5	2006	Our results suggest that the protective effects of adiponectin on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be ascribed to its anti-oxidative properties, anti-apoptotic activity via inducing expression of SOD and catalase, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	190-206
16554029-5	2006	Our results suggest that the protective effects of adiponectin on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be ascribed to its anti-oxidative properties, anti-apoptotic activity via inducing expression of SOD and catalase, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	226-231
16554029-5	2006	Our results suggest that the protective effects of adiponectin on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be ascribed to its anti-oxidative properties, anti-apoptotic activity via inducing expression of SOD and catalase, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	236-239
16464850-18	2006	The drastically distinct effects of 6OH-DOPA and MPP(+) on alpha-synuclein function are discussed with respect to Parkinson disease pathology and animal models mimicking this pathology.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-52	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	59-74
16406146-2	2006	Mutant (A30P and A53T) alpha-synuclein isoforms cause increased vulnerability of cells towards various toxic insults and enhance dopamine transporter (DAT)-mediated toxicity of the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin and mitochondrial complex I inhibitor MPP(+) in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-256	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	151-154
16499562-9	2006	Moreover, these data suggest that the calpain/cdk5 signaling cascade has a potential role in the MPP+ -mediated apoptotic process in CGNs.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	97-101	cyclin dependent kinase 5	Homo sapiens	46-50
16406146-2	2006	Mutant (A30P and A53T) alpha-synuclein isoforms cause increased vulnerability of cells towards various toxic insults and enhance dopamine transporter (DAT)-mediated toxicity of the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin and mitochondrial complex I inhibitor MPP(+) in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-256	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	23-38
16386813-1	2006	The present study examined the antioxidant effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE), imidaprilat, on para-nonylphenol and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced hydroxyl radical (*OH) formation and dopamine (DA) efflux in extracellular fluid of rat striatum, using a microdialysis technique.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	54-93
16406146-2	2006	Mutant (A30P and A53T) alpha-synuclein isoforms cause increased vulnerability of cells towards various toxic insults and enhance dopamine transporter (DAT)-mediated toxicity of the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin and mitochondrial complex I inhibitor MPP(+) in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-256	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	129-149
16386813-1	2006	The present study examined the antioxidant effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE), imidaprilat, on para-nonylphenol and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced hydroxyl radical (*OH) formation and dopamine (DA) efflux in extracellular fluid of rat striatum, using a microdialysis technique.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
16406270-1	2006	The present study examined the ability of antioxidant effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, imidaprilat, on the synergistic effect of bisphenol A and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+))-induced hydroxyl radical (*OH) formation and dopamine (DA) efflux in extracellular fluid of rat striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	203-209	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
16406270-4	2006	These results suggest that ACE inhibitors may protect against the synergistic effect of bisphenol A and MPP(+)-induced OH formation via suppressing DA efflux in the rat striatum.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-110	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
16353238-4	2006	A strong neuroprotective effect of SOD1 gene transfer was observed in the SK-N-SH cells exposed to MPP+ compared with controls.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
16892358-5	2006	We conclude that the GSK-3beta inhibitors described herein offer promise in defending cells against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity and that such compounds will be valuable to explore in animal models of Parkinson"s disease as well as in other Tau-related neurodegenerative disease states.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	21-30
17447416-3	2006	MAO B also oxidizes the xenobiotic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to a parkinsonism-producing neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	0-5
17085783-0	2006	ErbB4 activation inhibits MPP+-induced cell death in PC12-ErbB4 cells: involvement of PI3K and Erk signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-30	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	0-5
17085783-0	2006	ErbB4 activation inhibits MPP+-induced cell death in PC12-ErbB4 cells: involvement of PI3K and Erk signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-30	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	58-63
17085783-0	2006	ErbB4 activation inhibits MPP+-induced cell death in PC12-ErbB4 cells: involvement of PI3K and Erk signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	26-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	95-98
17085783-2	2006	Treatment of PC12-ErbB4 cells with MPP+ induced cell death that was markedly attenuated by NRG.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	18-23
17085783-6	2006	Overexpression of constitutively active PI3K or H-Ras (12V) inhibited MPP+-mediated cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	48-53
17085783-8	2006	The effect of NRG on ROS levels was blocked by PI3K and MEK inhibitors, indicating that both signaling pathways can regulate the toxic ROS levels induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	157-161	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	56-59
17085783-9	2006	Taken together, these results indicate that in PC12-ErbB4 cells, the NRG-induced neuroprotective effect from MPP+ treatment, requires PI3K/PKB/Akt and Ras/MapK signaling networks.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4	Homo sapiens	52-57
17085783-9	2006	Taken together, these results indicate that in PC12-ErbB4 cells, the NRG-induced neuroprotective effect from MPP+ treatment, requires PI3K/PKB/Akt and Ras/MapK signaling networks.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
16722235-11	2006	The TEs of OCT1 and OCT2 for dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline and 5-HT in general are rather low, in the range relative to MPP+ of 5%-15%.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-129	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
16310184-6	2005	The results show that glibenclamide may reduce the MPP+-induced viability loss in PC12 cells by suppressing the changes in the mitochondrial membrane permeability, leading to the release of cytochrome c and subsequent activation of caspase-3, which are associated with the increased reactive oxygen species formation and depletion of GSH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-55	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	232-241
16298246-9	2006	On the other hand, the DA neuron toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+) markedly decreased the number of TH-positive neurons and TH protein level in the SN, decreased DA level in the striatum and impaired rotarod performance in rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	114-116
16298246-11	2006	Prior administration of MPP+ also antagonized the enhancing effect of GDNF on CK2 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
16298246-11	2006	Prior administration of MPP+ also antagonized the enhancing effect of GDNF on CK2 activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	casein kinase 2 beta	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
16226715-5	2005	Our results indicate that reduction in PINK1 expression can trigger apoptotic process that can be exacerbated by the presence of MPP(+) or rotenone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	129-135	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
16081676-7	2005	The uptake of MPP(+) into BLMVs was membrane potential-dependent and saturable, with a K(m) value of 51.8 muM, which is similar to that in HEK293/OCT3 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-17	latexin	Homo sapiens	106-109
16235253-12	2005	Heat shock and HDJ-1 both ameliorated MPP(+)-induced cytotoxicity by maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-44	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B1	Homo sapiens	15-20
16135085-7	2005	Accordingly, the proliferation of microglial cells in response to MPP+ treatment was mimicked by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a proinflammatory cytokine produced by astrocytes and was blocked by a neutralizing antibody to GM-CSF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	97-145
16135085-7	2005	Accordingly, the proliferation of microglial cells in response to MPP+ treatment was mimicked by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a proinflammatory cytokine produced by astrocytes and was blocked by a neutralizing antibody to GM-CSF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	147-153
16135085-7	2005	Accordingly, the proliferation of microglial cells in response to MPP+ treatment was mimicked by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a proinflammatory cytokine produced by astrocytes and was blocked by a neutralizing antibody to GM-CSF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	252-258
16135085-8	2005	Thus, we conclude that the microglial reaction observed following MPP+ exposure depends on astrocytic factors, e.g. GM-CSF, a finding that may have therapeutic implications.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	116-122
16122767-1	2005	In heterologous cells expressing the dopamine transporter (DAT), simultaneous elevation of intracellular Na(+) and depolarization of the membrane with gramicidin reduced the potency of various DAT substrates, including dopamine, d-amphetamine, beta-phenethylamine, p-tyramine, and MPP(+), in inhibiting binding of the cocaine analog [(3)H]CFT, with the greatest reduction observed for d-amphetamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	281-284	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	37-57
16099847-1	2005	Through the inhibition of monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B), (-)-deprenyl (selegiline) prevents the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to the toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) and also prevents the neurotoxicity in the dopaminergic neurons in animal models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	26-50
16099847-1	2005	Through the inhibition of monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B), (-)-deprenyl (selegiline) prevents the conversion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to the toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) and also prevents the neurotoxicity in the dopaminergic neurons in animal models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	52-57
16099847-5	2005	After confirming that selegiline protects against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity, we observed further that selegiline, at 1 microM or less, induced Trx for protection against oxidative injury caused by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	197-201	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	143-146
16185723-2	2005	SERT can operate in reverse direction and be induced by SERT substrates including 5-HT, tyramine and the positively charged methyl-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), as well as the amphetamine derivatives para-chloroamphetamine (pCA) and methylene-dioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-152	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
16185723-2	2005	SERT can operate in reverse direction and be induced by SERT substrates including 5-HT, tyramine and the positively charged methyl-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), as well as the amphetamine derivatives para-chloroamphetamine (pCA) and methylene-dioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-152	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	56-60
16099839-3	2005	We have reported previously that, unlike other ENTs, PMAT (also known as ENT4) is a Na+-independent and membrane potential-sensitive transporter that transports monoamine neurotransmitters and the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	237-241	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	53-57
16099839-3	2005	We have reported previously that, unlike other ENTs, PMAT (also known as ENT4) is a Na+-independent and membrane potential-sensitive transporter that transports monoamine neurotransmitters and the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	237-241	solute carrier family 29 member 4	Homo sapiens	73-77
16122767-1	2005	In heterologous cells expressing the dopamine transporter (DAT), simultaneous elevation of intracellular Na(+) and depolarization of the membrane with gramicidin reduced the potency of various DAT substrates, including dopamine, d-amphetamine, beta-phenethylamine, p-tyramine, and MPP(+), in inhibiting binding of the cocaine analog [(3)H]CFT, with the greatest reduction observed for d-amphetamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	281-284	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
16122767-1	2005	In heterologous cells expressing the dopamine transporter (DAT), simultaneous elevation of intracellular Na(+) and depolarization of the membrane with gramicidin reduced the potency of various DAT substrates, including dopamine, d-amphetamine, beta-phenethylamine, p-tyramine, and MPP(+), in inhibiting binding of the cocaine analog [(3)H]CFT, with the greatest reduction observed for d-amphetamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	281-284	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	193-196
16141438-3	2005	We and others have previously documented that the toxic metabolite of MPTP, MPP+, is transported into dopamine neurons through the dopamine transporter (DAT), while rotenone is not transported by DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	131-151
16141438-3	2005	We and others have previously documented that the toxic metabolite of MPTP, MPP+, is transported into dopamine neurons through the dopamine transporter (DAT), while rotenone is not transported by DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	76-80	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	153-156
15978696-0	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein interacts with pro-apoptotic proteins PKCdelta and BAD to protect dopaminergic neuronal cells against MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	128-132	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	10-25
16198233-2	2005	Using wild-type and human neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) stably transfected neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y), we showed that nNOS overexpression in SH-SY5Y cells greatly enhanced proteasome activity and mitigated MPP+-induced apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	217-221	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	129-133
16198233-3	2005	During MPP+-induced oxidative stress, intracellular BH4 levels decreased, resulting in nNOS "uncoupling" (i.e., switching from nitric oxide to superoxide generation).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	7-11	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	87-91
16112764-0	2005	Protection by puerarin against MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells mediated by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase-3-like activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	caspase-3-like	Rattus norvegicus	125-139
16112764-7	2005	In addition, puerarin also reduced MPP+-induced caspase-3-like activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	caspase-3-like	Rattus norvegicus	48-62
15978696-0	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein interacts with pro-apoptotic proteins PKCdelta and BAD to protect dopaminergic neuronal cells against MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	128-132	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	64-72
15978696-2	2005	Recently, we demonstrated that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) induces caspase-3-dependent proteolytic activation of PKCdelta, which subsequently contributes to neuronal apoptotic cell death in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	74-83
15978696-2	2005	Recently, we demonstrated that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) induces caspase-3-dependent proteolytic activation of PKCdelta, which subsequently contributes to neuronal apoptotic cell death in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	120-128
15978696-3	2005	In the present study, we examined whether PKCdelta interacts with alpha-synuclein to modulate MPP+-induced dopaminergic degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	42-50
15978696-4	2005	Over-expression of wild-type human alpha-synuclein in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells (N27 cells) attenuated MPP+-induced (300 microM) cytotoxicity, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and subsequent caspase-3 activation, without affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-123	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	35-50
15978696-4	2005	Over-expression of wild-type human alpha-synuclein in mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells (N27 cells) attenuated MPP+-induced (300 microM) cytotoxicity, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and subsequent caspase-3 activation, without affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	119-123	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	184-196
15978696-5	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expression also dramatically reduced MPP+-induced caspase-3-mediated proteolytic cleavage of PKCdelta, whereas over-expression of the mutant human alpha-synucleinA53T did not alter the PKCdelta cleavage under similar conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	10-25
15978696-5	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expression also dramatically reduced MPP+-induced caspase-3-mediated proteolytic cleavage of PKCdelta, whereas over-expression of the mutant human alpha-synucleinA53T did not alter the PKCdelta cleavage under similar conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	81-90
15978696-5	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expression also dramatically reduced MPP+-induced caspase-3-mediated proteolytic cleavage of PKCdelta, whereas over-expression of the mutant human alpha-synucleinA53T did not alter the PKCdelta cleavage under similar conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	124-132
15978696-5	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expression also dramatically reduced MPP+-induced caspase-3-mediated proteolytic cleavage of PKCdelta, whereas over-expression of the mutant human alpha-synucleinA53T did not alter the PKCdelta cleavage under similar conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	216-224
15978696-6	2005	Immunoprecipitation-kinase assay revealed reduced PKCdelta kinase activity in wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expressing cells in response to MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-145	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	50-58
15978696-6	2005	Immunoprecipitation-kinase assay revealed reduced PKCdelta kinase activity in wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expressing cells in response to MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	141-145	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	88-103
15978696-7	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expression also rescued mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death, while alpha-synucleinA53T exacerbated the MPP+-induced DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	102-106	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	10-25
15978696-7	2005	Wild-type alpha-synuclein over-expression also rescued mesencephalic dopaminergic neuronal cells from MPP+-induced apoptotic cell death, while alpha-synucleinA53T exacerbated the MPP+-induced DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	10-25
15978696-8	2005	Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that alpha-synuclein interacts with the pro-apoptotic proteins PKCdelta and BAD, but not with the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 following MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	190-194	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	58-73
16000145-5	2005	It was further found that pretreatment with iptakalim, a novel K(ATP) channel opener, could attenuate increased extracellular glutamate level and decreased cell survival in SH-SY5Y cell culture after exposure to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	212-216	ATPase phospholipid transporting 8A2	Homo sapiens	65-68
16024787-8	2005	IRIP overexpression inhibited endogenous 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) uptake activity in HeLa cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	yrdC N6-threonylcarbamoyltransferase domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-4
16000145-0	2005	ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener iptakalim protected against the cytotoxicity of MPP+ on SH-SY5Y cells by decreasing extracellular glutamate level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	ATPase phospholipid transporting 8A2	Homo sapiens	0-3
16000145-4	2005	Moreover, our results showed that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) induced up-regulation of mRNA for the Kir6.2 subunit and down-regulation of SUR1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 11	Homo sapiens	112-118
16000145-4	2005	Moreover, our results showed that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) induced up-regulation of mRNA for the Kir6.2 subunit and down-regulation of SUR1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 8	Homo sapiens	150-154
15941767-2	2005	In neuronal-differentiated PC12 cells, through the regulation by activated JNK and c-jun, BimEL expression was markedly increased in response to MPP+ treatment, which led to the cell degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
15941767-7	2005	In concert, the results suggest a novel signaling pathway for dopaminergic cell degeneration, in which MPP+ induces the up-regulation of BimEL, which in turn potentiates an elevation in calpain I activity that mediates AIF release and cell death in a caspase-independent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	apoptosis inducing factor, mitochondria associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	219-222
16156740-4	2005	Using the midbrain-derived MN9D dopaminergic cell line, we found that MPP+ treatment resulted in an active form of cell death that could not be prevented by caspase inhibitors or over-expression of a dominant negative inhibitor of apoptotic protease activating factor 1/caspase-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1	Mus musculus	231-269
16156740-4	2005	Using the midbrain-derived MN9D dopaminergic cell line, we found that MPP+ treatment resulted in an active form of cell death that could not be prevented by caspase inhibitors or over-expression of a dominant negative inhibitor of apoptotic protease activating factor 1/caspase-9.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	caspase 9	Mus musculus	270-279
16156740-9	2005	Studies of primary mouse midbrain cultures further supported a role for AIF in caspase-independent cell death in MPP+-treated dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1	Mus musculus	72-75
16024787-10	2005	Conversely, inhibition of IRIP expression by small interfering RNA or antisense RNA increased MPP+ uptake.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	yrdC N6-threonylcarbamoyltransferase domain containing	Homo sapiens	26-30
15649705-5	2005	We investigated the role of a vesicle-transport-related protein, RA410/Sly1, in SH-SY5Y cells to clarify the mechanism of cellular adaptation to MPP+ and 6-OHDA-induced stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	sec1 family domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
15845609-0	2005	MPP+-induced COX-2 activation and subsequent dopaminergic neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	13-18
15888489-6	2005	GIRK2-positive DA neurons were more vulnerable to MPP+ toxicity and overexpression of GIRK2 increased the vulnerability of PC12-alphaSyn cells to the toxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
16176067-2	2005	The cells treated with MPP+ (100 microM) induced a rapid increase in phosphorylation of tyrosine residues of several proteins, including synaptophysin, a major 38 kDa synaptic vesicle protein implicated in exocytosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	synaptophysin	Rattus norvegicus	137-150
16176067-3	2005	An accelerated release of dopamine by MPP+ correlated with phosphorylation of synaptophysin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	synaptophysin	Rattus norvegicus	78-91
16176067-5	2005	In addition, pretreatment with 50-100 microM of selegiline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor, significantly suppressed MPP+-mediated ROS generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	72-77
15649705-7	2005	Electron microscopy analysis indicated that the ER in MPP+-treated antisense RA410/Sly1 transformants was rapidly disrupted in comparison to wild-type or sense RNA transformants.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	sec1 family domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
15649705-7	2005	Electron microscopy analysis indicated that the ER in MPP+-treated antisense RA410/Sly1 transformants was rapidly disrupted in comparison to wild-type or sense RNA transformants.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	sec1 family domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
16023584-0	2005	Synaptophysin enhances the neuroprotection of VMAT2 in MPP+-induced toxicity in MN9D cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	synaptophysin	Mus musculus	0-13
16023584-0	2005	Synaptophysin enhances the neuroprotection of VMAT2 in MPP+-induced toxicity in MN9D cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	46-51
16023584-6	2005	Overexpression of synaptophysin in MN9D cells can significantly increase the resistance of the transformants to MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-116	synaptophysin	Mus musculus	18-31
16023584-8	2005	Our work indicates that both the expression level of VMAT2 and capacity of vesicular packaging of DA are important in protecting DAergic cells from MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	53-58
15757904-2	2005	In spite of its central importance in the nervous system, little is known about how NET substrates, such as NE, 1-methyl-4-tetrahydropyridinium (MPP+), or amphetamine, interact with NET at the molecular level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	84-87
15757904-2	2005	In spite of its central importance in the nervous system, little is known about how NET substrates, such as NE, 1-methyl-4-tetrahydropyridinium (MPP+), or amphetamine, interact with NET at the molecular level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	182-185
15985715-1	2005	Selective toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a parkinsonism inducing compound, is well known to be related to an uptake of its active metabolite MPP+ into dopaminergic neurons by dopamine transporter (DAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	209-229
15985715-1	2005	Selective toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a parkinsonism inducing compound, is well known to be related to an uptake of its active metabolite MPP+ into dopaminergic neurons by dopamine transporter (DAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	231-234
15728403-2	2005	N-methylated pyridines (e.g. MPP+) are well-established dopaminergic toxins, and the xenobiotic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) can convert pyridines such as 4-phenylpyridine into MPP+, using S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	103-135
15728403-2	2005	N-methylated pyridines (e.g. MPP+) are well-established dopaminergic toxins, and the xenobiotic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) can convert pyridines such as 4-phenylpyridine into MPP+, using S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	137-141
15728403-2	2005	N-methylated pyridines (e.g. MPP+) are well-established dopaminergic toxins, and the xenobiotic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) can convert pyridines such as 4-phenylpyridine into MPP+, using S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	195-199	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	103-135
15728403-2	2005	N-methylated pyridines (e.g. MPP+) are well-established dopaminergic toxins, and the xenobiotic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) can convert pyridines such as 4-phenylpyridine into MPP+, using S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	195-199	nicotinamide N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	137-141
15649705-5	2005	We investigated the role of a vesicle-transport-related protein, RA410/Sly1, in SH-SY5Y cells to clarify the mechanism of cellular adaptation to MPP+ and 6-OHDA-induced stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-149	sec1 family domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	71-75
15627517-3	2005	Calmodulin antagonists (trifluoperazine, W-7 and calmidazolium) at 0.5-1 microM significantly reduced the loss of cell viability in PC12 cells treated with 500 microM MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-171	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
16355565-12	2005	The decrease of TH-ir neurons in the MPP+-treated group corresponded with an increase in immunoreactivity for active caspase-3, an effect that was not seen in the group receiving creatine supplementation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	117-126
15473914-2	2004	We also determined whether subchronic treatment with pramipexole regulates dopamine transporter function, thereby reducing intracellular transport of the active metabolite of MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-214	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	75-95
15696229-5	2004	Much evidence suggests that JNK plays an important role in mediating 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridnium ion (MPP(+))-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	153-156	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	28-31
15696229-7	2004	Studies including our own showed that the inhibition of JNK with SP-600125, a specific inhibitor of JNK, protects dopaminergic neurons both from MPP(+)-induced neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in MPTP Parkinson"s disease model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	56-59
15696229-7	2004	Studies including our own showed that the inhibition of JNK with SP-600125, a specific inhibitor of JNK, protects dopaminergic neurons both from MPP(+)-induced neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in MPTP Parkinson"s disease model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	145-148	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	100-103
15473989-7	2004	BDNF (1 nM) potently protected against MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-45	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
15473914-15	2004	Protection could be due to a reduced amount of MPP+ taken up into DA terminals via DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	83-86
14752097-5	2004	MPP(+) caused a time-dependent depletion of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) that was mediated by H(2)O(2) and transferrin iron.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	transferrin	Homo sapiens	106-117
15247282-0	2004	Proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D1 in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)-induced cell cycle arrest.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	cyclin D1	Homo sapiens	36-45
15480838-9	2004	Dopaminergic toxicity of its active metabolite 1-methyl-4-pyridinium (MPP(+)) is mediated by the DAT through accumulation into DA neurons, where it inhibits mitochondrial complex I activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-73	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	97-100
15480838-10	2004	Various endogenous and exogenous heterocyclic molecules, which are structurally related to MPTP/MPP(+), such as isoquinolines and beta-carbolines, have been reported to exhibit similar toxic properties on DA cells, which are conferred by their uptake by the DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-99	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	258-261
15202774-6	2004	MAO-B activity in striatum was enhanced (70%) 6 h after MPP+ administration and was reduced to almost normal levels in EGb761 + MPP+ group compared to MPP+ group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	0-5
15202774-6	2004	MAO-B activity in striatum was enhanced (70%) 6 h after MPP+ administration and was reduced to almost normal levels in EGb761 + MPP+ group compared to MPP+ group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-59	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	0-5
15202774-6	2004	MAO-B activity in striatum was enhanced (70%) 6 h after MPP+ administration and was reduced to almost normal levels in EGb761 + MPP+ group compared to MPP+ group.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	128-131	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	0-5
32585786-9	2004	Lithium did not interfere with the metabolism of MPTP, or with its brain uptake, since, the level of its monoamine oxidase (MAO) B derived metabolite, MPP+, in the striata of lithium and non-lithium treated mice were almost identical.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	151-155	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	105-130
15086525-1	2004	Endogenous or exogenous beta-carboline (betaC) derivatives structurally related to the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its active metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) may contribute to dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson"s disease (PD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	228-231	colony stimulating factor 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	24-46
15086525-7	2004	Consistently, only 2[N]-methylated betaCs were transported into the cell through the DAT with up to five times greater K(m) and 12-220 times smaller V(max) values compared with dopamine and MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	190-193	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	85-88
14752097-8	2004	Pretreatment of cells with sepiapterin to promote BH(4) biosynthesis or cell-permeable iron chelator and TfR antibody to prevent iron-catalyzed BH(4) decomposition inhibited MPP(+) cytotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	174-177	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	105-108
15164608-5	2004	Moreover, functional analysis of the effect of single amino acid substitution suggests that specific residues in DAT molecules may play a significant role in interaction with MPP+ and cocaine, and thus would promise a development of novel drugs with diverse chemical structures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	113-116
14742448-0	2004	Alpha-synuclein up-regulation and aggregation during MPP+-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells: intermediacy of transferrin receptor iron and hydrogen peroxide.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	0-15
14742448-6	2004	Cells overexpressing alpha-syn exacerbated MPP(+) toxicity, whereas antisense alpha-syn treatment totally abrogated MPP(+)-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells without affecting oxidant generation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-46	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	21-30
14742448-8	2004	We conclude that MPP(+)-induced iron signaling is responsible for intracellular oxidant generation, alpha-syn expression, proteasomal dysfunction, and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-23	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	100-109
15019567-0	2004	Inhibition of mixed lineage kinase 3 attenuates MPP+-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-52	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11	Homo sapiens	14-36
14672949-4	2004	Here we report that a combination of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) or rotenone and proteasome inhibition causes the appearance of alpha-synuclein-positive inclusion bodies.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-76	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	141-156
14962063-1	2004	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) ion, a toxic metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, is produced by monoamine oxidase B in astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-35	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	125-144
14962063-12	2004	Melatonin remedies the dysfunction of GSH system to block caspase-3 activation and cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress during the long-term exposure of MPP(+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-162	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	58-67
14737019-0	2003	Possible role of interleukin-6 in PC12 cell death induced by MPP+ and tetrahydroisoquinoline.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-65	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	17-30
15033169-0	2004	Suppression of caspase-3-dependent proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta by small interfering RNA prevents MPP+-induced dopaminergic degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-122	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	15-24
15033169-5	2004	To characterize the functional role of PKCdelta activation in MPP(+)-induced dopaminergic cell death, RNAi-mediated gene knockdown was performed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-68	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	39-47
15111235-5	2004	RA/TPA differentiated cells evidenced high sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ (0.03 to 3.0 mM), and the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ were blocked with the DAT inhibitor 1-(2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (GBR 12909).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	164-167
15111235-5	2004	RA/TPA differentiated cells evidenced high sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ (0.03 to 3.0 mM), and the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ were blocked with the DAT inhibitor 1-(2-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (GBR 12909).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	164-167
14749723-4	2004	We then found that DJ-1 knockdown by short interfering RNA rendered SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells susceptible to hydrogen peroxide-, MPP+- or 6-hydroxydopamine-induced cell death and that cells harbouring mutant forms of DJ-1, including L166P, became susceptible to death in parallel with the loss of oxidized forms of DJ-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-135	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	19-23
14565778-0	2003	The parkinsonian neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) mediates release of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) and inhibition of l-DOPA decarboxylase in the rat striatum: a microdialysis study.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-60	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	141-161
14649725-1	2003	Phenelzine, deprenyl, and antioxidants (SOD, catalase, ascorbate, or rutin) reduced the loss of cell viability in differentiated PC12 cells treated with 250 microM MPP+, whereas N-acetylcysteine and dithiothreitol did not inhibit cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	164-168	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	45-53
14656072-0	2003	MPP+ induces the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in rabbit brain involving activation of the ATF-6 and NF-kappaB signaling pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha	Oryctolagus cuniculus	99-104
14527822-1	2003	Recent studies on the intestinal uptake of the organic cation 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) showed that transport of this compound occurs through human extraneuronal monoamine transporter (hEMT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	157-192
14527822-1	2003	Recent studies on the intestinal uptake of the organic cation 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) showed that transport of this compound occurs through human extraneuronal monoamine transporter (hEMT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	IL2 inducible T cell kinase	Homo sapiens	194-198
14527822-2	2003	Moreover, it was recently described that alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an ecto-phosphatase anchored to the plasma membrane and able to dephosphorylate extracellular substrates or cell-surface proteins, is directly or indirectly involved in the modulation of MPP+ uptake by Caco-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	256-260	alkaline phosphatase, placental	Homo sapiens	41-61
14527822-2	2003	Moreover, it was recently described that alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an ecto-phosphatase anchored to the plasma membrane and able to dephosphorylate extracellular substrates or cell-surface proteins, is directly or indirectly involved in the modulation of MPP+ uptake by Caco-2 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	256-260	alkaline phosphatase, placental	Homo sapiens	63-66
14575693-2	2003	We have shown that dopamine transporter (DAT) is required for MPP(+)-mediated cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells stably transfected with human DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-68	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	19-39
14575693-2	2003	We have shown that dopamine transporter (DAT) is required for MPP(+)-mediated cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells stably transfected with human DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-68	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	41-44
14575693-2	2003	We have shown that dopamine transporter (DAT) is required for MPP(+)-mediated cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells stably transfected with human DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-68	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	138-141
14565778-6	2003	However, MPP(+) induced a transient, concentration-dependent rise of extracellular l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA), identified on the basis of dialysate analysis using several HPLC methods and its conversion to DA by purified l-DOPA decarboxylase (DDC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-15	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	232-252
12807439-2	2003	The present study indicates that alpha-synuclein, but not its mutants (A53T, A30P), can protect CNS dopaminergic cells from the parkinsonism-inducing drug 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), whereas it cannot protect from the dopaminergic toxin, 6-hydroxydopamine, hydrogen-peroxide, or the beta-amyloid peptide, A-beta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	184-188	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	33-48
12898340-0	2003	Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on MPP+-induced apoptosis in SHSY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A	Homo sapiens	33-36
12898340-4	2003	The results showed that the signal transduction pathway of MPP+-induced apoptosis might be ROS to JNK, then to caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	98-101
12898340-4	2003	The results showed that the signal transduction pathway of MPP+-induced apoptosis might be ROS to JNK, then to caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	111-120
12898340-5	2003	MPP+-induced apoptosis in SHSY5Y cells was obviously inhibited in both NAC (N-acetylcysteine) pretreated groups and Rg1 pretreated groups.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A	Homo sapiens	116-119
13678665-0	2003	Targeted expression of BCL-2 attenuates MPP+ but not 6-OHDA induced cell death in dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	40-44	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	23-28
14511319-0	2003	Caspase-3 dependent proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta mediates and regulates 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptotic cell death in dopaminergic cells: relevance to oxidative stress in dopaminergic degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
14511319-0	2003	Caspase-3 dependent proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta mediates and regulates 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptotic cell death in dopaminergic cells: relevance to oxidative stress in dopaminergic degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	46-68
14511319-2	2003	In the present study, we demonstrate that caspase-3 mediated proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) is critical in MPP+-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	42-51
14511319-2	2003	In the present study, we demonstrate that caspase-3 mediated proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) is critical in MPP+-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	87-109
14511319-2	2003	In the present study, we demonstrate that caspase-3 mediated proteolytic activation of protein kinase C delta (PKC delta) is critical in MPP+-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	137-141	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	111-120
14511319-3	2003	MPP+ exposure in rat dopaminergic neuronal cells resulted in time-dependent increases in reactive oxygen species generation, cytochrome c release, and caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	caspase 9	Rattus norvegicus	151-160
14511319-3	2003	MPP+ exposure in rat dopaminergic neuronal cells resulted in time-dependent increases in reactive oxygen species generation, cytochrome c release, and caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	165-174
14511319-4	2003	Interestingly, MPP+ induced proteolytic cleavage of PKC delta (72-74 kDa) into a 41-kDa catalytic and a 38-kDa regulatory subunit, resulting in persistently increased kinase activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	15-19	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
14511319-5	2003	The caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-fmk effectively blocked MPP+-induced PKC delta cleavage and kinase activity, suggesting that the proteolytic activation is caspase-3 mediated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	4-13
14511319-5	2003	The caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-fmk effectively blocked MPP+-induced PKC delta cleavage and kinase activity, suggesting that the proteolytic activation is caspase-3 mediated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	68-77
14511319-5	2003	The caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-fmk effectively blocked MPP+-induced PKC delta cleavage and kinase activity, suggesting that the proteolytic activation is caspase-3 mediated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	154-163
14511319-7	2003	Z-DEVD-fmk and the PKC delta specific inhibitor rottlerin almost completely blocked MPP+-induced DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	19-28
14511319-8	2003	The superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTBAP also effectively attenuated MPP+-induced caspase-3 activation, PKC delta cleavage, and DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	82-91
14511319-8	2003	The superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTBAP also effectively attenuated MPP+-induced caspase-3 activation, PKC delta cleavage, and DNA fragmentation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	104-113
14511319-9	2003	Furthermore, rottlerin attenuated MPP+-induced caspase-3 activity without affecting basal activity, suggesting positive feedback activation of caspase-3 by PKC delta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	47-56
14511319-9	2003	Furthermore, rottlerin attenuated MPP+-induced caspase-3 activity without affecting basal activity, suggesting positive feedback activation of caspase-3 by PKC delta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	143-152
14511319-9	2003	Furthermore, rottlerin attenuated MPP+-induced caspase-3 activity without affecting basal activity, suggesting positive feedback activation of caspase-3 by PKC delta.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	156-165
14511319-11	2003	Finally, over-expression of a kinase inactive PKC delta K376R mutant prevented MPP+-induced caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, confirming the pro-apoptotic function of PKC delta in dopaminergic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	46-55
14511319-11	2003	Finally, over-expression of a kinase inactive PKC delta K376R mutant prevented MPP+-induced caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, confirming the pro-apoptotic function of PKC delta in dopaminergic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	175-184
14511319-12	2003	Together, we demonstrate for the first time that MPP+-induced oxidative stress proteolytically activates PKC delta in a caspase-3-dependent manner to induce apoptosis and up-regulate the caspase cascade in dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	105-114
14511319-12	2003	Together, we demonstrate for the first time that MPP+-induced oxidative stress proteolytically activates PKC delta in a caspase-3-dependent manner to induce apoptosis and up-regulate the caspase cascade in dopaminergic neuronal cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	120-129
12832530-5	2003	Immunoblot and biochemical analysis also confirmed that activation of both caspase-9 and caspase-3 was induced by 6-OHDA, but not by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	caspase 9	Mus musculus	75-84
12682215-4	2003	Interestingly, another substrate, N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), was transported only by hSERT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	94-99
12804796-3	2003	beta-Carbolines and antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate or rutin) prevented the loss of cell viability in PC12 cells treated with 250 microM MPP(+), while the effects of N-acetylcysteine and dithiothreitol were not observed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	161-164	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	56-64
12832530-5	2003	Immunoblot and biochemical analysis also confirmed that activation of both caspase-9 and caspase-3 was induced by 6-OHDA, but not by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	caspase 3	Mus musculus	89-98
12832530-8	2003	Interestingly, a reconstitution assay indicated that the addition of ATP to the cytosolic fraction obtained from MPP+-treated cells was sufficient to activate both caspase-9 and caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	caspase 9	Mus musculus	164-173
12832530-8	2003	Interestingly, a reconstitution assay indicated that the addition of ATP to the cytosolic fraction obtained from MPP+-treated cells was sufficient to activate both caspase-9 and caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	caspase 3	Mus musculus	178-187
12523938-10	2003	MPP(+)-treatment enhanced the cell-surface transferrin receptor (TfR) expression, suggesting a role for TfR-induced iron uptake in MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-134	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	65-68
12598533-3	2003	Microarray analysis of RNA isolated from toxin treated samples revealed that the stress-induced transcription factor CHOP/Gadd153 was dramatically up-regulated by both 6-OHDA and MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	117-121
12598533-3	2003	Microarray analysis of RNA isolated from toxin treated samples revealed that the stress-induced transcription factor CHOP/Gadd153 was dramatically up-regulated by both 6-OHDA and MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-183	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	122-129
12710931-1	2003	SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells exposed to the complex I inhibitor/parkinsonian neurotoxin methylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) activate both survival and death-promoting signaling pathways and undergo MEK/ERK-dependent, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent, and c-Jun kinase-dependent cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-112	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	191-194
12710931-1	2003	SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells exposed to the complex I inhibitor/parkinsonian neurotoxin methylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) activate both survival and death-promoting signaling pathways and undergo MEK/ERK-dependent, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent, and c-Jun kinase-dependent cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-112	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	195-198
12710931-7	2003	The primary signaling molecules mediating these MPP(+)-induced gene expression changes are unknown but ultimately utilize MEK/ERK and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-54	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7	Homo sapiens	122-125
12710931-7	2003	The primary signaling molecules mediating these MPP(+)-induced gene expression changes are unknown but ultimately utilize MEK/ERK and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	48-54	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	126-129
12523938-0	2003	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidant generation: role of transferrin-receptor-dependent iron and hydrogen peroxide.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	99-119
12523938-10	2003	MPP(+)-treatment enhanced the cell-surface transferrin receptor (TfR) expression, suggesting a role for TfR-induced iron uptake in MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	43-63
12523938-10	2003	MPP(+)-treatment enhanced the cell-surface transferrin receptor (TfR) expression, suggesting a role for TfR-induced iron uptake in MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	65-68
12523938-10	2003	MPP(+)-treatment enhanced the cell-surface transferrin receptor (TfR) expression, suggesting a role for TfR-induced iron uptake in MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-3	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	104-107
12719534-2	2003	Because OCT1 interacts with a variety of structurally diverse organic cations, including clinically used drugs as well as toxic substances (e.g., N-methylpyridinium, MPP(+)), it is an important determinant of systemic exposure to many xenobiotics.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-169	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
14724376-7	2003	Selegiline also attenuated MPP(+)-induced transcriptional activation of c-fos, c-jun, GAPDH, and caspase-3, suggesting that it may provide neuroprotection by preserving mitochondrial membranes, by attenuating molecular markers of apoptosis, by scavenging free radicals, and by regulating immediate early genes involved in neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-33	Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	72-77
14724376-7	2003	Selegiline also attenuated MPP(+)-induced transcriptional activation of c-fos, c-jun, GAPDH, and caspase-3, suggesting that it may provide neuroprotection by preserving mitochondrial membranes, by attenuating molecular markers of apoptosis, by scavenging free radicals, and by regulating immediate early genes involved in neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-33	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	79-84
14724376-7	2003	Selegiline also attenuated MPP(+)-induced transcriptional activation of c-fos, c-jun, GAPDH, and caspase-3, suggesting that it may provide neuroprotection by preserving mitochondrial membranes, by attenuating molecular markers of apoptosis, by scavenging free radicals, and by regulating immediate early genes involved in neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-33	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	86-91
14724376-7	2003	Selegiline also attenuated MPP(+)-induced transcriptional activation of c-fos, c-jun, GAPDH, and caspase-3, suggesting that it may provide neuroprotection by preserving mitochondrial membranes, by attenuating molecular markers of apoptosis, by scavenging free radicals, and by regulating immediate early genes involved in neurodegeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-33	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	97-106
12523938-10	2003	MPP(+)-treatment enhanced the cell-surface transferrin receptor (TfR) expression, suggesting a role for TfR-induced iron uptake in MPP(+) toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	131-134	transferrin receptor	Homo sapiens	104-107
12618347-7	2003	The selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (2.5-50 mg/kg) treatment exacerbated MPP(+)-induced decrease in DA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-81	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
12675912-11	2003	In summary, CGNs accumulate MPP+ in manner that is consistent with uptake via OCT3 and the presence of this protein in CGNs explains their sensitivity to MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	28-32	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	78-82
12675912-11	2003	In summary, CGNs accumulate MPP+ in manner that is consistent with uptake via OCT3 and the presence of this protein in CGNs explains their sensitivity to MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	154-158	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	78-82
12830711-1	2003	AIM: To explore possible signal transmission way through which ginsenoside Rg1 protect cells from MPP(+)-induced apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-104	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A	Homo sapiens	75-78
12604665-2	2003	In the present study, we investigated whether stimulation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor attenuates N-methyl-D-aspartate- (NMDA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced apoptotic cell death in cell culture models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-182	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	65-87
12604665-2	2003	In the present study, we investigated whether stimulation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor attenuates N-methyl-D-aspartate- (NMDA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced apoptotic cell death in cell culture models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	179-182	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	89-95
12830711-7	2003	The percentage of apoptotic SHSY5Y cells induced by MPP+ was obviously lower in those groups pretreated with 10 mumol.L-1 Rg1 or 2.5 mmol.L-1 N-acetylcysyteine (NAC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A	Homo sapiens	122-125
12495785-7	2003	These results suggest that GT polyphenols have inhibitory effects on DAT, through which they block MPP(+) uptake and protect DAergic neurons against MPP(+)-induced injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-105	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
12926536-2	2003	Mitochondrial toxins, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +) and 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), were previously shown to reduce KYNA synthesis via interference with KAT I and II.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	51-56	kynurenine aminotransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-174
14686785-0	2003	Overexpression of CYP2D6 attenuates the toxicity of MPP+ in actively dividing and differentiated PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 4	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
12972283-4	2003	DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity analysis showed that cortical neuronal cells underwent apoptosis after MPP(+)treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	112-118	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	22-31
12504872-6	2003	In addition, GBR-12909 partially attenuated MPP+ (40 nmol)-caused a loss of striatal nerve terminal as indicated by decreases in TH and DAT immunoreactivities as well as dopamine and its metabolites levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	136-139
12558993-3	2003	Exposure to MPP+ also produces an early increase in Bad dephosphorylation and translocation of Bax to the mitochondria.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	12-16	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	95-98
12558993-6	2003	MPP+-mediated cytochrome c release is also prevented by allopurinol, suggesting the participation of xanthine oxidase in the process.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	14-26
14715443-8	2003	The inhibition of DT-diaphorase by dicoumarol supports the idea that oxidative metabolism of dopamine is involved in MPP+ toxicity in RCSN-3 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-121	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-31
12031549-0	2002	Progressive alteration of neuronal dopamine transporter activity in a rat injured by an intranigral injection of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	35-55
12866710-3	2002	1-Methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is an exogenous neurotoxin producing parkinsonism in humans, monkeys and various animals as the result of MAOB-catalyzed conversion of it to the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+), which selectively kills the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	232-236	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	159-163
12231380-3	2002	Simultaneous treatment with verbascoside markedly attenuated MPP(+)-induced apoptotic death, increased extracellular hydrogen peroxide level, the activation of caspase-3 and the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-67	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	160-169
12203043-7	2002	Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to produce MPP(+)-induced.OH generation via NO synthase (NOS) activation by depolarization.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	41-47	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-85
12203043-8	2002	The antioxidation effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor protects against MPP(+)-induced.OH generation due to the suppression of the Ca(2+)-dependent release of DA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-97	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	28-57
12203043-8	2002	The antioxidation effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor protects against MPP(+)-induced.OH generation due to the suppression of the Ca(2+)-dependent release of DA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-97	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	59-62
12428729-4	2002	MPP+ (10 microM) increased extracellular proton excretion in DAT-expressing cells within 2-3 min, but had no effect in untransfected cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	61-64
12428729-6	2002	In DAT-expressing cells, mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced within I h of 10 microM MPP+ exposure.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	3-6
12428729-8	2002	MPP+ caused apoptotic death of DAT-transfected cells 2-3 days after drug application, but did not kill untransfected cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	31-34
12213632-3	2002	Enzymatic studies revealed that MPP(+) inhibits in a concentration-dependent manner the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), but not the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase I (KAT I).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-38	aminoadipate aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	100-130
12213632-3	2002	Enzymatic studies revealed that MPP(+) inhibits in a concentration-dependent manner the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), but not the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase I (KAT I).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-38	aminoadipate aminotransferase	Rattus norvegicus	132-138
12213632-3	2002	Enzymatic studies revealed that MPP(+) inhibits in a concentration-dependent manner the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), but not the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase I (KAT I).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-38	kynurenine aminotransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-129
12213632-3	2002	Enzymatic studies revealed that MPP(+) inhibits in a concentration-dependent manner the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), but not the activity of kynurenine aminotransferase I (KAT I).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-38	kynurenine aminotransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	132-137
12151787-2	2002	Here we report on effects of mutant alpha-synucleins on dopamine transporter (DAT)-mediated toxicity of the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	175-179	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	78-81
12151787-4	2002	We demonstrate that expression of all alpha-synuclein isoforms enhances toxicity of general complex I inhibition (rotenone), but only the expression of mutant alpha-synucleins induces significant increased DAT-dependent toxicity of very low concentrations of MPP+ compared to wild-type protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	259-263	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	206-209
12151787-6	2002	Our data suggest a new mechanism of MPP+-induced dopaminergic toxicity by an interaction between mutant alpha-synucleins and the DAT, which is independent of the function of the proteasome.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	129-132
12031549-2	2002	The present study describes the effects of intranigral MPP+ administration either at 10 or 40 microg on the neuronal dopamine transporter (DAT) activity measured in rat striatal synaptosomes at different times after lesion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	117-137
12031549-2	2002	The present study describes the effects of intranigral MPP+ administration either at 10 or 40 microg on the neuronal dopamine transporter (DAT) activity measured in rat striatal synaptosomes at different times after lesion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
12111836-1	2002	Growth arrest DNA damage-inducible 153 (GADD153) expression was increased in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+))-treated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells as determined by gene microarray analysis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-110	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	40-47
12062197-3	2002	We found, consistent with our previous observations in Cath.a and PC12 cells, that rotenone and MPP(+) attenuated the HIF-1 alpha hypoxic response.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-99	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	118-129
11900856-9	2002	Presuming that phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity forms toxic 2N-methylated beta-carbolinium cations, we propose a novel hypothesis regarding Parkinson"s disease-a hypothesis that includes a role for phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-catalyzed formation of MPP+ -like 2N-methylated beta-carbolinium cations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	275-279	phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	15-53
11900856-9	2002	Presuming that phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity forms toxic 2N-methylated beta-carbolinium cations, we propose a novel hypothesis regarding Parkinson"s disease-a hypothesis that includes a role for phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-catalyzed formation of MPP+ -like 2N-methylated beta-carbolinium cations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	275-279	phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	213-251
12044541-2	2002	Although MPTP produces a parkinsonian syndrome after its conversion to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP(+)) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in the brain, the etiology of this disease remains obscure.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-101	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	135-140
11771942-2	2002	Shh also promotes the survival of fetal dopaminergic neurons and protects cultures of fetal midbrain dopaminergic neurons from the toxic effects of N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a neurotoxin that selectively injures nigral dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	177-180	sonic hedgehog signaling molecule	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
12111451-0	2002	Inhibition of the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase significantly attenuates 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) toxicity in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-120	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	38-59
12111451-1	2002	The possible protection against the toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) afforded by inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function, MK-801, was studied in a brain-slice superfusion system.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-83	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	111-132
11923429-11	2002	MPP+ treatment caused chromatin condensation in dopaminergic neurons and increased expression of activated caspase 3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	107-116
11923429-13	2002	We conclude that MPP+ toxicity in primary dopaminergic neurons involves activation of a pathway terminating in caspase 3 activation, but that other mechanisms may underlie the neurite loss.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	111-120
11958526-9	2002	Semicarbazide, a SSAO inhibitor, enhances the formation of .OH products of efflux/oxidation due to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	amine oxidase, copper containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	17-21
11911843-8	2002	Our results suggest that 2[N]-methylated isoquinoline derivatives structurally related to MPTP/MPP(+) are selectively toxic to dopaminergic cells via uptake by the DAT, and therefore may play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-98	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	164-167
12397600-3	2002	We aimed to investigate, in Caco-2 cells, a putative modulation of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) apical uptake by an ecto-ALP activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-99	tripartite motif containing 33	Homo sapiens	124-128
12397600-3	2002	We aimed to investigate, in Caco-2 cells, a putative modulation of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) apical uptake by an ecto-ALP activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-99	alkaline phosphatase, placental	Homo sapiens	129-132
11770002-9	2001	[3H]MPP+ uptake was reduced by 8-methoxy-methyl-IBMX, a selective inhibitor of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase (PDE1), but not by zaprinast, a selective inhibitor of PDE5.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	4-8	phosphodiesterase 5A	Homo sapiens	182-186
11511111-5	2001	In MN9D/Bcl-2 cells, MPP(+)-induced downregulation of COX activity and the intracellular level of ATP was also blocked.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-27	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	8-13
11698152-0	2001	Impairment of the neuronal dopamine transporter activity in MPP(+)-treated rat was not prevented by treatments with nitric oxide synthase or poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-66	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-47
11489261-3	2001	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), the toxic metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), is a substrate for VMAT2 that has several structural features in common with P-GP substrates and inhibitors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-35	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	134-139
11489261-3	2001	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), the toxic metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), is a substrate for VMAT2 that has several structural features in common with P-GP substrates and inhibitors.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-35	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	192-196
11489261-7	2001	In mice treated with MPTP and a P-GP inhibitor (quinidine, trans-flupentixol or cyclosporine A), the elimination of MPP(+) from the striatum was significantly delayed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-119	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	32-36
11306696-2	2001	Uptake and superfusion experiments were performed on human embryonic kidney 293 cells permanently expressing the hSERT using [(3)H]serotonin (5-HT) and [(3)H]1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) as substrates.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-193	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	113-118
11435944-2	2001	We explored the possible involvement of GAPDH in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced death of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons (MDNs) in culture.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	40-45
11435944-4	2001	Two types of GAPDH antisense oligonucleotides almost completely rescued MDNs from MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	13-18
11435944-5	2001	GAPDH was strongly expressed in apoptotic TH+ neurons, and MPP+ exposure significantly increased the percentage of TH+ neurons in which GAPDH is over-expressed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	136-141
11435944-6	2001	Confocal microscopic analysis demonstrated the nuclear accumulation of GAPDH in neurons undergoing MPP+-induced apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	71-76
11435944-7	2001	These results suggest that MPP+ causes apoptosis of MDNs, concomitant with the over-expression and nuclear accumulation of GAPDH.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	123-128
11435944-0	2001	GAPDH knockdown rescues mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons from MPP+ -induced apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-5
11295768-2	2001	Moreover, recent postmortem and in vitro results have indicated that apoptotic cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) may be mediated by caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-133	caspase 3	Mus musculus	157-166
11172770-5	2001	MPTP is converted by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to its neurotoxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+), which is then taken up into the dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	21-40
11172770-5	2001	MPTP is converted by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to its neurotoxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+), which is then taken up into the dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	42-47
11233301-2	2001	Although MPTP produces a parkinsonian syndrome after its conversion to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in the brain, the etiology of this disease remains obscure.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	133-138
11137586-4	2001	In addition, we performed striatal dopamine depletion in rats with either MPP(+) or 6-OHDA, showing that MPP(+) but not 6-OHDA can increase CD4(+)CD25(+) lymphocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-108	Cd4 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	140-143
11233301-6	2001	Imidapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, can resist MPP(+)-induced .OH formation via suppression of release of DA by angiotensin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-78	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	45-48
11233301-6	2001	Imidapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, can resist MPP(+)-induced .OH formation via suppression of release of DA by angiotensin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-78	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	14-43
11208898-7	2001	Taken together, our results suggest that the induction and release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by activated glial cells induced by DCG-IV perfusion may account for its protective action against MPP+-induced dopaminergic terminal degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-214	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	70-103
11725815-0	2001	Stimulation of the regrowth of MPP+-damaged dopaminergic fibers by the treatment of mesencephalic cultures with basigin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	basigin (Ok blood group)	Rattus norvegicus	112-119
11208898-7	2001	Taken together, our results suggest that the induction and release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by activated glial cells induced by DCG-IV perfusion may account for its protective action against MPP+-induced dopaminergic terminal degeneration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	210-214	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
11027249-6	2000	DAT function, determined by measuring accumulation of radiolabeled DA and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), was found to directly correlate with temperature, with higher levels of substrate uptake at 40 degrees C, intermediate levels at 37 degrees C, and lower levels at 34 degrees C. DAT-mediated accumulation of METH also directly correlated with temperature, with greater accumulation at higher temperatures.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-106	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
11161470-6	2001	Following MPP+-treatment, myr-EGFP-Akt1-transfected cells exhibited an unaltered mitochondrial membrane potential and lower ROS levels than control cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
11161470-7	2001	These results provide a new site of action of Akt/PKB at the level of the oxidative detoxifying cell machinery and suggest that this effect may be responsible in part for the resistance of myr-EGFP-Akt1-expressing cells to oxidative stress and MPP+-induced apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	244-248	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-53
11161470-7	2001	These results provide a new site of action of Akt/PKB at the level of the oxidative detoxifying cell machinery and suggest that this effect may be responsible in part for the resistance of myr-EGFP-Akt1-expressing cells to oxidative stress and MPP+-induced apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	244-248	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	198-202
11084205-4	2000	We measured the cellular extraction of [3H]-MPP+, which is known to accumulate in the dopaminergic neurones through the DAT in the rat striatum, using [14C]-mannitol as reference substance characterized by absence of cellular accumulation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
10983695-1	2000	Dopamine transporters (DAT) uptake neurotoxic substances such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in the dopaminergic nerve terminals and may confer susceptibility to cytotoxic effects of neurotoxic substance.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	0-21
11085327-1	2000	1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a heroin analogue, is a neurotoxin that undergoes in vivo oxidation by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) which preferentially exerts its toxic effects on the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in brain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-192	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	124-143
11085327-1	2000	1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a heroin analogue, is a neurotoxin that undergoes in vivo oxidation by monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) which preferentially exerts its toxic effects on the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra in brain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-192	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	145-150
10983695-1	2000	Dopamine transporters (DAT) uptake neurotoxic substances such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in the dopaminergic nerve terminals and may confer susceptibility to cytotoxic effects of neurotoxic substance.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	94-98	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	23-26
10762706-5	2000	BDNF-producing cells prevented the striatal 5-HT loss induced by local administration of either 5,7-DHT or MPP(+), as well as the striatal dopamine (DA) loss induced by the latter neurotoxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-110	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
10779370-1	2000	Human and bovine dopamine transporters (DAT) demonstrate discrete functional differences in dopamine (DA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridium (MPP(+)) transport, and cocaine analog binding.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-137	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Bos taurus	40-43
12835094-3	2000	MPTP is bioactivated by brain monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) to its neurotoxic pyridinium metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) which destroys dopaminergic nerve terminals leading to the depletion of neostriatal dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-130	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	30-49
12835094-3	2000	MPTP is bioactivated by brain monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) to its neurotoxic pyridinium metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)) which destroys dopaminergic nerve terminals leading to the depletion of neostriatal dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-130	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	51-56
10784133-6	2000	We now examined the possible protective effects of VIP against toxicity of dopamine, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) in neuronal cultures [rat pheochromocytoma (PC12), human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and rat cerebellar granular cells].	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
10694895-5	2000	OCT3 function was analyzed in cultured human ARPE-19 cells by monitoring the uptake of 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP(+)), a neurotoxin, which is a known substrate for OCT3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	117-120	OCTN3	Homo sapiens	0-4
10863544-0	2000	Effect of MAO-B inhibitors on MPP+ toxicity in Vivo.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	10-15
10863544-6	2000	Our data show that non of these MAO-B inhibitors changes the dopamine loss in the striatum induced by intranigral injection of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	32-37
10482797-1	1999	The neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is dependent upon the MAO-B (monoamine oxidase type B)-catalyzed production of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) and is likely to involve a perturbation of energy metabolism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	185-188	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	95-100
11129104-1	2000	The organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), also termed as extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT), is known to be expressed in glial cells where it is responsible for the uptake of catecholamines and neurotoxic organic cations such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	264-268	OCTN3	Homo sapiens	4-32
11129104-1	2000	The organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), also termed as extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT), is known to be expressed in glial cells where it is responsible for the uptake of catecholamines and neurotoxic organic cations such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	264-268	OCTN3	Homo sapiens	34-38
11388889-6	1999	When stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, only the full length hOCT1 cDNA mediated decynium-22 (D22)-sensitive uptake of tritiated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ([3H]-MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	187-190	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	85-90
10517700-0	1999	HEK-293 cells expressing the human dopamine transporter are susceptible to low concentrations of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) via impairment of energy metabolism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	35-55
10517700-1	1999	Selective dopaminergic neurotoxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) is believed to be due to the transmembrane uptake by the dopamine transporter and subsequent inhibition of mitochondrial complex I and/or production of free radicals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	75-79	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	138-158
10517700-3	1999	Here we stably express the human dopamine transporter (hDAT) in human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cells to correlate cytotoxicity and indices of cellular energy metabolism after exposure to low concentrations of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	209-213	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	33-53
10517700-3	1999	Here we stably express the human dopamine transporter (hDAT) in human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cells to correlate cytotoxicity and indices of cellular energy metabolism after exposure to low concentrations of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	209-213	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	55-59
10517700-4	1999	The permanent ektopic expression of hDAT in HEK-293 cells confers time and dose-dependent cytotoxicity at nanomolar concentrations of MPP+ with an IC50 value of 740 nM after 48 h. MPP+ initially induces a fast increase of cellular NADH content within the first 6 h, followed by a slow reduction of intracellular ATP (IC50 value of 690 nM after 48 h) as well as reduction of intracellular ATP/ADP ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-138	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
10517700-4	1999	The permanent ektopic expression of hDAT in HEK-293 cells confers time and dose-dependent cytotoxicity at nanomolar concentrations of MPP+ with an IC50 value of 740 nM after 48 h. MPP+ initially induces a fast increase of cellular NADH content within the first 6 h, followed by a slow reduction of intracellular ATP (IC50 value of 690 nM after 48 h) as well as reduction of intracellular ATP/ADP ratio.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
10517700-6	1999	The toxic effects of MPP+ are blocked by the hDAT inhibitor GBR12909 with EC50 values of 110 and 60 nM for cytotoxicity and ATP depletion, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	45-49
10482797-1	1999	The neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is dependent upon the MAO-B (monoamine oxidase type B)-catalyzed production of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)) and is likely to involve a perturbation of energy metabolism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	185-188	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	102-126
10494878-7	1999	Haloperidol, its five metabolites and MPP+ and MPTP all inhibited NAT, DAT and SERT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	66-69
10494878-7	1999	Haloperidol, its five metabolites and MPP+ and MPTP all inhibited NAT, DAT and SERT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	71-74
10494878-7	1999	Haloperidol, its five metabolites and MPP+ and MPTP all inhibited NAT, DAT and SERT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	79-83
10222117-2	1999	MPTP is converted by monoamine oxidase B to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), which blocks complex I of the electron transport chain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-77	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	21-40
10385678-4	1999	Normalized uptake rates indicate that tetraethylammonium, with a rate of about 0.5 relative to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), is a good substrate for OCT1 and OCT2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens	155-159
10385678-4	1999	Normalized uptake rates indicate that tetraethylammonium, with a rate of about 0.5 relative to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), is a good substrate for OCT1 and OCT2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	164-168
10465695-5	1999	Pre-treatment with GDNF markedly protected DA neurons against MPP+-induced toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	62-66	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	19-23
10388522-8	1999	As shown by flow cytometric analysis, MPP+ induced a block in the G0/G1 to S phase transition that correlated with increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1) and growth arrest.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	177-180
10388522-8	1999	As shown by flow cytometric analysis, MPP+ induced a block in the G0/G1 to S phase transition that correlated with increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1) and growth arrest.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	181-185
10388522-8	1999	As shown by flow cytometric analysis, MPP+ induced a block in the G0/G1 to S phase transition that correlated with increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1) and growth arrest.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	186-190
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-33	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	66-79
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-33	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	66-69
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-33	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	92-95
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-33	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	92-95
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-33	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	70-74
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-33	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	75-79
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	66-79
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	66-69
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	92-95
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	92-95
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	70-74
10388522-9	1999	Since treatment with 1 microM MPP+ caused apoptotic cell death in p21(WAF1/Cip1)-deficient (p21(-/-)) but not in parental (p21(+/+)) mouse embryo fibroblasts, our data suggest that in an early phase MPP+-induced p21(WAF1/Cip1) expression leads to growth arrest and prevents apoptosis until energy depletion finally leads to a nonapoptotic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	75-79
10397638-0	1999	Two distinct mechanisms are involved in 6-hydroxydopamine- and MPP+-induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death: role of caspases, ROS, and JNK.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	137-140
10366688-5	1999	On the contrary, it reduced by 42% the MPP+-induced depletion in striatal DA and by 54% the MPP+-induced decrease in VMAT2 density.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	117-122
10048749-7	1999	The catalase activity in CHO cells increased with increasing MPP+ concentrations from 100-500 microM, however, it decreased at 1 mM MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-65	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	4-12
10072302-3	1999	MPP+, which is the oxidation product of MPTP, is actively transported into presynaptic dopaminergic nerve terminals through the plasma membrane dopamine transporter (DAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	144-164
10072302-3	1999	MPP+, which is the oxidation product of MPTP, is actively transported into presynaptic dopaminergic nerve terminals through the plasma membrane dopamine transporter (DAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	166-169
10048749-0	1999	Reduced levels of catalase activity potentiate MPP+-induced toxicity: comparison between MN9D cells and CHO cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	18-26
10048749-2	1999	The present study was designed to compare the toxic effects of MPP+, the active metabolite of MPTP, in MN9D neuronal cells that exhibit relatively low levels of catalase activity, as compared to CHO cells, which exhibit high levels of catalase activity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	161-169
10198232-1	1999	MPP+ inhibits mitochondrial complex I and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase causing necrosis or apoptosis of catecholaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	42-75
10048749-7	1999	The catalase activity in CHO cells increased with increasing MPP+ concentrations from 100-500 microM, however, it decreased at 1 mM MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	4-12
10048749-8	1999	In contrast, catalase activity in MN9D remained the same at all MPP+ concentrations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	13-21
10048749-9	1999	When the CHO cells were pre-treated with 10-25 mM 3-aminotriazole (3-AT), which inhibits catalase activity, and exposed to MPP+ at various concentrations, they became susceptible to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	123-127	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	89-97
10048749-9	1999	When the CHO cells were pre-treated with 10-25 mM 3-aminotriazole (3-AT), which inhibits catalase activity, and exposed to MPP+ at various concentrations, they became susceptible to MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-186	catalase	Cricetulus griseus	89-97
9830022-2	1998	When expressed in mammalian cells, OCT3 mediates the uptake of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and the neurotransmitter dopamine.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	35-39
9989245-6	1999	MPP+ also caused release of cytochrome c from liver mitochondria.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	28-40
9989245-7	1999	Rotenone, a classic non-competitive complex I inhibitor, completely inhibited MPP(+)-induced swelling and release of cytochrome c.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-84	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	117-129
9830022-4	1998	When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, OCT3-mediated MPP+ uptake is associated with inward currents under voltage-clamp conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens	42-46
9739158-1	1998	The Parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) causes specific cell death in dopaminergic neurons after accumulation by the dopamine transporter (DAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	149-169
9826433-2	1998	Incubation of MPTP with mitochondrial fraction gave exclusively 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+); this reaction was inhibited by deprenyl, a monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor, and KCN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	143-168
9813295-7	1998	Systemic monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor pargyline delayed the peak and return to baseline of endogenously produced MPP+ in the nucleus accumbens.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	114-118	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	9-28
9739158-1	1998	The Parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) causes specific cell death in dopaminergic neurons after accumulation by the dopamine transporter (DAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	171-174
9739158-2	1998	COS cells, a non-neuronal cell line insensitive to high doses of MPP+, becomes sensitive to MPP+ when transfected with the rat DAT cDNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
9739158-2	1998	COS cells, a non-neuronal cell line insensitive to high doses of MPP+, becomes sensitive to MPP+ when transfected with the rat DAT cDNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
9739158-4	1998	Cell death in COS cells expressing wild DAT by exposure to MPP+ was concentration-dependent and cocaine-reversible.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
9739158-7	1998	Reverse transport of preloaded [3H]MPP+ through DAT was facilitated in COS cells expressing certain mutant DATs, which consistently displayed less sensitivity to MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	35-39	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	48-51
9694040-2	1998	The addition of 7-nitroindazole, a specific inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), prevented this effect on dopamine when the concentration of MPP+ was between 2-5 microM, but not at higher concentrations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	156-160	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-87
9694040-2	1998	The addition of 7-nitroindazole, a specific inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), prevented this effect on dopamine when the concentration of MPP+ was between 2-5 microM, but not at higher concentrations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	156-160	nitric oxide synthase 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
9605485-3	1998	In contrast, however, melatonin treatment prevented MPP+ neurotoxicity by the almost complete recovery of MDA (99% of control) and TH levels (96% of control), indicating the potent antioxidative effects of melatonin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	131-133
9636206-3	1998	Herein, we report that the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), is a selective target for nitration following exposure of PC12 cells to either peroxynitrite or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridiniun ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	227-230	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	71-91
9636206-3	1998	Herein, we report that the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), is a selective target for nitration following exposure of PC12 cells to either peroxynitrite or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridiniun ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	227-230	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	93-95
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	133-156
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	172-191
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	193-196
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	201-234
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	23-27	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	236-240
9630575-5	1998	Addition of 200 microM MPP+ stimulated the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after a lag of 24 h. Pretreatment with 50 ng/ml of epidermal growth factor (EGF), but not nerve growth factor (NGF) or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protected against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	261-265	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	133-156
9630575-6	1998	These findings show that: (1) MPP+ uptake to GH3 cells was via an effective dopamine transport system and causes delayed cell death, and (2) EGF protects against MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
9602072-4	1998	Phenylalanine substitution of tyrosine-533 (Y533F) increased the velocity of MPP+ uptake but decreased DAT"s affinity for MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	122-126	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	103-106
9610361-1	1998	Bovine dopamine transporter (bDAT) shows relatively low dopamine (DA) uptake efficacy and scant MPP+ transport and cocaine binding, while all of these activities are avid in human dopamine transporter (hDAT).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-100	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	7-27
9605485-4	1998	In addition, further reduction of TH enzyme activity (52% of control) was seen 1 week after MPP+ infusion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	92-96	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	34-36
9586799-8	1998	Notably, catalase, dimethyl sulfoxide and ferricyanide, an extracellular electron acceptor, were also effective in inhibiting MPP+ damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-130	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	9-17
9326308-3	1997	This effect, however, was accompanied by a significant reduction in the striatal levels of MPP+, the toxic metabolite generated via monoamine oxidase B-catalyzed MPTP oxidation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	132-151
9326274-2	1997	Uptake and cellular retention of 3H-catecholamines was increased by up to fourfold by two COMT inhibitors, tropolone and Ro 41-0960, with potencies similar to those for inhibition of COMT activity, whereas the uptake of two transporter substrates that are not substrates for COMT, [3H]serotonin and [3H]MPP+, was unaffected.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	303-307	catechol-O-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	90-94
9326266-6	1997	Moreover, cytoplasmic extracts prepared from MPP+-treated CGNs contain markedly increased protease activity that cleaves the caspase-3 substrate acetyl-DEVD-p-nitroaniline.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	125-134
9326266-7	1997	Finally, the cytoplasmic concentration of the apoptogenic protein cytochrome c was increased in a time-dependent fashion in MPP+-treated CGNs before the onset of apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	66-78
9305573-2	1997	The most dramatic illustration of this type of bioactivation process is the conversion of the parkinsonian-inducing neurotoxin MPTP (23) by brain MAO-B to the iminium (dihydropyridinium) metabolite 24 which is oxidized further to the pyridinium species MPP+ (25).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	253-257	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	146-151
9326266-8	1997	Our data confirm that the neurotoxicity of MPP+ is due to both necrosis and apoptosis and suggest that the latter is mediated by activation of a caspase-3-like protease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	43-47	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	145-154
9359458-2	1997	1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is an exogenous neurotoxin producing parkinsonism in humans, monkeys and various animals as the result of monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B)-catalyzed conversion of it to the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+), which selectively kills the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	259-262	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	158-182
9275230-1	1997	The brain vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) pumps monoamine neurotransmitters and Parkinsonism-inducing dopamine neurotoxins such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-phenypyridinium (MPP+) from neuronal cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles, from which amphetamines cause their release.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	174-178	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	43-48
9134983-5	1997	The order of the toxicity on TH-positive neurons was papaverine, MPP+, tetrahydropapaverine and then DMPEA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	29-31
9313890-6	1997	Elevated "OH after MPP+ was blocked stereospecifically by infusion of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor nitro-L-arginine or by the NMDA channel blocker MK801.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	19-23	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-95
9191089-4	1997	Hydrogen peroxide has also been reported to be produced via inhibition of NADH dehydrogenase by MPP + formed during oxidation of MPTP by MAO-B and by dopamine auto-oxidation following MA-induced dopamine release from synaptic vesicles within nerve terminals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-101	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	137-142
9331901-0	1997	MPP+ induced substantia nigra degeneration is attenuated in nNOS knockout mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	60-64
9451719-4	1997	Systemic administration of the selective MAO-B inhibitor deprenyl prevents the conversion of MPTP to MPP+ and by this mechanism is able to protect against MPTP neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	monoamine oxidase B	Canis lupus familiaris	41-46
9444558-8	1997	The decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential induced by MPP+ is antagonized by dibucaine, suggesting that this effect is mediated by an activation of phospholipase A2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	154-170
8883930-11	1996	These results together suggest that a more abundant BDNF mRNA level along the mesolimbic pathway than the nigrostriatal pathway may, at least partially, explain the differential vulnerability of different DA neurons to MPTP and MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	228-231	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	52-56
9291484-2	1997	After 8 hours of exposure, MPTP was found to affect cell viability only at a very high concentration (3 x 10(-3) M), but its metabolite MPP+ could decrease viability at 10(-4) M. MPTP, via its metabolite MPP+, inhibited NADH dehydrogenase activity when concentrations exceeded 10(-4) M (for MPP+ 10(-5)M).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	M-phase phosphoprotein 10	Homo sapiens	291-298
8982496-18	1996	It was concluded that, in addition to the type I organic cation hepatic transporter, [3H]-MPP+ is taken up by rat hepatocytes through P-glycoprotein, a canalicular transport system that usually excretes endobiotics and xenobiotics.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	134-148
9117403-2	1996	Twelve days after a 24-h exposure to MPP+, there was a significant decrement in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	110-145
9117403-2	1996	Twelve days after a 24-h exposure to MPP+, there was a significant decrement in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) activities.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	147-151
9117403-6	1996	In the MPP+-treated cultures, GM1 induced a partial recovery of TH and AAAD activity and increased mRNA for both above unlesioned control levels.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	7-11	dopa decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
8878118-2	1996	Human DAT showed the highest activities for dopamine uptake, MPP+ uptake and cocaine binding, indicating that humans are more vulnerable to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity and cocaine addiction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	61-65	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	6-9
8878118-2	1996	Human DAT showed the highest activities for dopamine uptake, MPP+ uptake and cocaine binding, indicating that humans are more vulnerable to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity and cocaine addiction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	169-173	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	6-9
8878118-3	1996	However, bovine DAT showed poor MPP+ uptake and cocaine binding, even though its dopamine uptake ability was quite avid.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Bos taurus	16-19
8878118-4	1996	Here, we conclude that the paucity of MPP+ uptake and cocaine binding is a unique characteristic in bovine DAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	38-42	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Bos taurus	107-110
8689033-1	1996	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes the survival of fetal mesencephalic dopaminergic cells and protects dopaminergic neurons against the toxicity of MPP+ in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	163-167	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-33
8764580-1	1996	We demonstrate that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is toxic to chick peripheral sympathetic neurons maintained in culture in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	nerve growth factor	Gallus gallus	145-164
8764580-1	1996	We demonstrate that 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is toxic to chick peripheral sympathetic neurons maintained in culture in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	nerve growth factor	Gallus gallus	166-169
8630091-1	1996	Isoquinoline derivatives exert 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-like activity as inhibitors of complex I and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity in rat brain mitochondrial fragments.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-63	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	111-144
8724989-5	1996	Systemic administration of NGF, BDNF and bFGF, but not NT-3 attenuated MPP+ induced increases in hydroxyl radical generation as assessed by the conversion of salicylate to 2,3- or 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
8724989-5	1996	Systemic administration of NGF, BDNF and bFGF, but not NT-3 attenuated MPP+ induced increases in hydroxyl radical generation as assessed by the conversion of salicylate to 2,3- or 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
8724989-5	1996	Systemic administration of NGF, BDNF and bFGF, but not NT-3 attenuated MPP+ induced increases in hydroxyl radical generation as assessed by the conversion of salicylate to 2,3- or 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
8667208-2	1996	MPP+ had a 10- to 20-fold lower K(m) value for the noradrenaline than for the dopamine transporter.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	78-98
8667208-3	1996	In dopamine transporter expressing cells, the maximal transport rate (Vmax) of MPP+, dopamine and noradrenaline was the same, but in noradrenaline transporter expressing cells the Vmax of MPP+ and dopamine was only one-half of the Vmax of noradrenaline.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	3-23
8667208-3	1996	In dopamine transporter expressing cells, the maximal transport rate (Vmax) of MPP+, dopamine and noradrenaline was the same, but in noradrenaline transporter expressing cells the Vmax of MPP+ and dopamine was only one-half of the Vmax of noradrenaline.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-192	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	3-23
8667208-3	1996	In dopamine transporter expressing cells, the maximal transport rate (Vmax) of MPP+, dopamine and noradrenaline was the same, but in noradrenaline transporter expressing cells the Vmax of MPP+ and dopamine was only one-half of the Vmax of noradrenaline.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	188-192	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	133-158
8667208-5	1996	In SK-N-MC cells with similar Vmax values for both catecholamines, noradrenaline transporter expressing cells were killed by lower concentrations of MPP+ in the medium than dopamine transporter expressing cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	149-153	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	67-92
8667208-6	1996	Desipramine blocked the toxicity of MPP+ toward the noradrenaline transporter, but not the dopamine transporter expressing cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	36-40	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	52-77
8667208-8	1996	In contradistinction, the toxicity of MPTP at the noradrenaline neurons in the primate cerebral cortex (Pifl et al., 1991) may involve the higher affinity of MPP+ for the noradrenaline transporter.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	158-162	solute carrier family 6 member 2	Homo sapiens	171-196
8724989-0	1996	NGF, BDNF and NT-5, but not NT-3 protect against MPP+ toxicity and oxidative stress in neonatal animals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
8724989-0	1996	NGF, BDNF and NT-5, but not NT-3 protect against MPP+ toxicity and oxidative stress in neonatal animals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	5-9
8724989-0	1996	NGF, BDNF and NT-5, but not NT-3 protect against MPP+ toxicity and oxidative stress in neonatal animals.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-53	neurotrophin 4	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
8689033-1	1996	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes the survival of fetal mesencephalic dopaminergic cells and protects dopaminergic neurons against the toxicity of MPP+ in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	163-167	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
8689033-2	1996	Supranigral implantation of fibroblasts genetically engineered to secrete BDNF attenuates the loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons associated with striatal infusion of MPP+ in the adult rat.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	197-201	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
8788920-0	1995	1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) causes DNA fragmentation and increases the Bcl-2 expression in human neuroblastoma, SH-SY5Y cells, through different mechanisms.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-37	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	83-88
8543051-3	1995	Cells expressing a c-DNA coding for one of the rat monoamine transporters (VMAT1) become resistant to the neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) [Liu et al.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	146-150	solute carrier family 18 member A1	Rattus norvegicus	75-80
7589333-8	1995	These findings suggest that the effects of IL-1 beta and IL-6 on dopaminergic neurons are not mediated by glial proliferation, that IL-1 beta acts as a neurotrophic factor on dopaminergic neurons, and that IL-6 is capable of protecting dopaminergic neurons from the neurotoxicity of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	283-287	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	206-210
8600306-5	1995	GDF5 also protects dopaminergic neurons against the toxicity of N-methylpyridinium ion (MPP+), which selectively damages dopaminergic neurons through mechanisms currently debated in the etiology of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	growth differentiation factor 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
8674469-7	1995	MPTP (a neurotoxin which induces a parkinsonian-like syndrome after conversion in MPP+) uses DAT to enter the neuron and exert its toxic effect which may be prevented by pretreatment with DA uptake blockers.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	93-96
7589333-8	1995	These findings suggest that the effects of IL-1 beta and IL-6 on dopaminergic neurons are not mediated by glial proliferation, that IL-1 beta acts as a neurotrophic factor on dopaminergic neurons, and that IL-6 is capable of protecting dopaminergic neurons from the neurotoxicity of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	283-287	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	132-141
7882977-0	1995	TGF-beta superfamily members promote survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and protect them against MPP+ toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
7790410-3	1995	In the present study, we examined whether systemically administered bFGF could prevent neuronal death induced by intrastriatal injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or chemical hypoxia induced by intrastriatal injection of malonate in adult rats and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in neonatal rats.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	282-286	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
7566666-2	1995	Such antioxidants as vitamin E, vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, and catalase, but neither allopurinol nor superoxide dismutase, alleviated the MPP(+) -induced death of dopaminergic neurons, while glutamate receptor antagonists did not alter MPP+ neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-142	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	32-69
9173999-3	1995	Moreover, the rate of glucose uptake in MN9D/Bcl-2 was significantly lower than that in MN9D/Neo after MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	45-50
7541517-4	1995	In other experiments, we observed that MPP+ attenuated NMDA-evoked whole-cell currents in a voltage- and use-dependent manner and was not dependent on the extracellular glycine or spermine concentration on neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampi CA1 region.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	254-257
7825121-2	1994	In the brain, the enzyme monoamine oxidase B converts MPTP to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) which enters DA terminals via DA uptake sites.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	25-44
7599536-0	1995	Biphasic effects of MPP+, a possible parkinsonism inducer, on dopamine content and tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	83-103
7890335-3	1994	Because both types of MAO have been reported to make similar contributions to MPP+ production in astrocytes, their total activity was examined and results indicated that there was no significant difference between these two species.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
7809082-3	1994	Functional analyses of the chimeras delineate two discrete regions spanning the first through the third transmembrane domains (TM1-3) and TM10-11 that contribute to differences in their apparent affinities for DA, NE, and MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	222-226	tropomyosin 3	Homo sapiens	127-132
7809082-5	1994	TM4-8 of the DA transporter may influence the relative rate with which MPP+ is taken up into cells and could contribute to its selective toxicity in neurons expressing the DA transporter.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	tropomyosin 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
7809082-5	1994	TM4-8 of the DA transporter may influence the relative rate with which MPP+ is taken up into cells and could contribute to its selective toxicity in neurons expressing the DA transporter.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	13-27
7809082-5	1994	TM4-8 of the DA transporter may influence the relative rate with which MPP+ is taken up into cells and could contribute to its selective toxicity in neurons expressing the DA transporter.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	71-75	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	172-186
8121637-0	1993	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) binds with high affinity to a beta-carboline binding site located on monoamine oxidase type A in rat brain.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	104-128
8071874-1	1994	It is now generally accepted that the nigrostriatal degenerative properties of the parkinsonian-inducing agent 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine are mediated by the brain monoamine oxidase B generated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium metabolite (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	252-255	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	182-201
7908342-5	1994	In addition, we demonstrate that NT-4/5 protects embryonic dopaminergic neurons from the toxic effects of the neurotoxin MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	neurotrophin 4	Rattus norvegicus	33-39
8200437-2	1994	The current explanation for the rat resistance is that most of the MPTP is converted into the toxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridium (MPP+) by the MAO-B present in the brain vessel endothelium.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	138-141	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	151-156
8121637-2	1993	Displacement of the [3H]pargyline binding on MAO-A (L(-)-deprenyl suppressed binding to MAO-B) by harman, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) revealed IC50 values of 250 +/- 100 nM, 3.1 +/- 0.8 microM, and 5.1 +/- 0.4 microM, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	monoamine oxidase A	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
8121637-2	1993	Displacement of the [3H]pargyline binding on MAO-A (L(-)-deprenyl suppressed binding to MAO-B) by harman, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) revealed IC50 values of 250 +/- 100 nM, 3.1 +/- 0.8 microM, and 5.1 +/- 0.4 microM, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	135-139	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	88-93
8302294-1	1993	The effect of the neurotoxicant, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity was investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	75-95
8410185-3	1993	In non-neuronally derived cells such as COS-7, CHO, and Ltk- cells transiently or permanently expressing the transporters, the KM of MPP+ was at least 10-fold higher.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: leukocyte tyrosine kinase receptor	Cricetulus griseus	56-59
8302294-1	1993	The effect of the neurotoxicant, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity was investigated.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	97-101
8302294-3	1993	The kinetic parameter, Km for the substrate (acetylthiocholine), was found to be 0.216 mM and Ki for MPP+ for the inactivation of AChE was found to be 0.197 mM.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-104	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	130-134
8302294-8	1993	It appears likely that the nigrostriatal toxicity by MPP+ leading to Parkinson"s disease-like syndrome may, in part, be mediated via the AChE inactivation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	137-141
8397142-9	1993	Higher concentrations of MPP+ inhibited lipoamide dehydrogenase.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	25-29	dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	40-63
8373164-10	1993	These results indicated that MPP+ was taken up through the reserpine-sensitive monoamine transporter into chromaffin vesicles and synaptic vesicles and that the energy for accumulation of MPP+ was supplied as a proton gradient (acidic inside) established by H(+)-ATPase.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	solute carrier family 18 member A2	Homo sapiens	79-100
8097265-7	1993	MPP+ caused a more pronounced reduction in 3H-DA uptake than MPTP, and this effect was partially reversed by the addition of FGF-2, unless cultures contained HS.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	125-130
1362921-2	1992	In the present study, the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the toxicity produced by the dopaminergic neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), were investigated in rat mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in culture.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	195-199	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
8474535-8	1993	These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that the MAO within dopaminergic terminals in the caudate nucleus of pigmented, but not of albino, rabbits is of type A since MAO-A is preferentially inhibited by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	213-217	amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	176-181
7907217-6	1993	Loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells became evident at 0.1 microM MPP+ (80% of control) leading to maximal toxicity at 10 microM (20% of control).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	78-82	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	8-28
1362921-0	1992	Protection from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity and stimulation of regrowth of MPP(+)-damaged dopaminergic fibers by treatment of mesencephalic cultures with EGF and basic FGF.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	epidermal growth factor like 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
1642464-1	1992	Expression of a cloned dopamine transporter complementary DNA in COS cells allows these primate kidney cells to accumulate the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin metabolite MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) avidly, and MPP+ toxicity results.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	171-175	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	23-43
1488908-8	1992	The neuroprotective effect of selegiline is multiple, with the inhibition of MAO-B it can stop the production of neurotoxin MPP+ (arising from MPTP) and its uptake into the nerve endings respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	77-82
1642464-1	1992	Expression of a cloned dopamine transporter complementary DNA in COS cells allows these primate kidney cells to accumulate the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin metabolite MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) avidly, and MPP+ toxicity results.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	218-222	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	23-43
1642464-2	1992	By documenting that the dopamine transporter can confer MPP+ sensitivity to nonneural cells, these results highlight the key role that this transporter could play in mechanisms underlying parkinsonism.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-59	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	24-44
1613515-3	1992	Exposure of mesencephalic cultures to either 6-OHDA or MPP+ resulted in a loss of 70-80% of dopaminergic neurons, as determined by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunocytochemistry.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	131-151
1613515-3	1992	Exposure of mesencephalic cultures to either 6-OHDA or MPP+ resulted in a loss of 70-80% of dopaminergic neurons, as determined by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunocytochemistry.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	55-59	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	153-155
1613515-2	1992	We now extend this study by demonstrating that, in addition to the effect of sustaining survival of dopaminergic neurons, BDNF also confers protection against the neurotoxic effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	249-253	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	122-126
1613515-6	1992	BDNF was found to protect these cells from the dopaminergic neurotoxins, 6-OHDA and MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	0-4
1895108-2	1991	In previous studies, MPP+ provoked oxidation of cytochrome b and K+ leakage into the extracellular space of rat striatal slices.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	cytochrome b, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	48-60
1727440-7	1992	The protective effects of 21-aminosteroids in MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity are, in part, a function of the interaction of these agents with the DA transporter.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-52	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	144-158
1815982-5	1991	Major steps in the expression of neurotoxicity involve the conversion of MPTP to the toxic agent 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in the glia, specific uptake of MPP+ into the nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurones, the intraneuronal accumulation of MPP+, and the neurotoxic action of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	165-170
1815982-5	1991	Major steps in the expression of neurotoxicity involve the conversion of MPTP to the toxic agent 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in the glia, specific uptake of MPP+ into the nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurones, the intraneuronal accumulation of MPP+, and the neurotoxic action of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	165-170
1815982-5	1991	Major steps in the expression of neurotoxicity involve the conversion of MPTP to the toxic agent 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in the glia, specific uptake of MPP+ into the nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurones, the intraneuronal accumulation of MPP+, and the neurotoxic action of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	165-170
1815982-5	1991	Major steps in the expression of neurotoxicity involve the conversion of MPTP to the toxic agent 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) by type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in the glia, specific uptake of MPP+ into the nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurones, the intraneuronal accumulation of MPP+, and the neurotoxic action of MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	204-208	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	165-170
1686284-2	1991	It can block the action of MPTP on substantia nigra compacta (SNc) neurons by inhibiting monoamine oxidase B necessary to mediate the conversion of MPTP to MPP+, its active metabolite, in astroglia.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	156-160	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	89-108
1590912-5	1992	This hypothesis was tested by reacting SAM, MPP+, or MPTP with dopamine in the presence of catechol-O-methyltransferase and measuring the methylated product of dopamine produced.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	44-48	catechol-O-methyltransferase	Homo sapiens	91-119
1729421-1	1992	Incubation of 10 mM 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) with sonicated beef heart mitochondria caused an irreversible time-dependent decrease in NADH-ubiquinone-1 (CoQ1) reductase activity (52% inhibition after 1 h).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	49-52	decaprenyl diphosphate synthase subunit 1	Homo sapiens	163-167
1851529-0	1991	Increased proenkephalin mRNA levels in the rat neostriatum following lesion of the ipsilateral nigrostriatal dopamine pathway with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+): reversal by embryonic nigral dopamine grafts.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	164-167	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	10-23
1904747-1	1991	Both MPTP and MPP+ inhibited the NADPH-dependent microsomal LPO in mouse brain and lung.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	lactoperoxidase	Mus musculus	60-63
2253761-3	1990	The initial biochemical event is a two-step oxidation by monoamine oxidase B in glial cells to MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	57-76
2122806-3	1990	The effect of MPTP, but not that of MPP+, was prevented by deprenyl, an inhibitor of MPTP conversion to MPP+ via monoamine oxidase type B.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	monoamine oxidase B	Rattus norvegicus	113-137
1975089-9	1990	However, when MPP+ was infused in the striatum of rats for 3 hours, in vitro TH activity (Vmax) was decreased without changes in TH protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	77-79
1976416-7	1990	Protecting the dopaminergic neurons from the neurotoxic metabolite of MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), either by blocking its formation or by preventing its uptake into dopaminergic neurons, completely blocked the increase in GFAP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Mus musculus	235-239
2338548-5	1990	These data and the finding of a higher number of [3H]MPP+ binding sites in human placenta compared to mouse brain suggest that these sites may correspond to MAO-A enzymes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	monoamine oxidase A	Mus musculus	157-162
2338548-7	1990	Accordingly, we suggest MAO-A as a possible accumulation site of MPP+ within the dopaminergic neuron.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	monoamine oxidase A	Mus musculus	24-29
1972391-3	1990	When cultures of BAMC cells were exposed to MPTP or MPP+ for 3 days, a marked loss of cellular catecholamines and TH activity was observed.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	52-56	tyrosine hydroxylase	Bos taurus	114-116
1972391-6	1990	The toxicity of MPP+ was time dependent, with losses of TH and the release of cellular LDH occurring after 48 h in culture.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	tyrosine hydroxylase	Bos taurus	56-58
1972391-6	1990	The toxicity of MPP+ was time dependent, with losses of TH and the release of cellular LDH occurring after 48 h in culture.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	16-20	LDH	Bos taurus	87-90
1972391-15	1990	Culturing cells in glucose-free medium greatly potentiated the effects of MPP+ on cellular TH and catecholamines.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	tyrosine hydroxylase	Bos taurus	91-93
2303810-2	1990	MPTP is oxidized by the enzyme monoamine oxidase-B to a dihydropyridinium intermediate which is oxidized further to MPP+, an effective inhibitor of the oxidation of the Complex I substrates glutamate/malate in isolated mitochondrial preparations.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	monoamine oxidase B	Mus musculus	31-50
33101635-7	2020	Furthermore, crocetin treatment protected mitochondrial functions against MPP+ induced damage by regulating the mPTP (mitochondrial permeability transition pore) viability in the interaction of ANT (adenine nucleotide translocase) and Cyp D (Cyclophilin D) dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	solute carrier family 25 member 6	Homo sapiens	194-197
33800673-8	2021	Additionally, the renal uptake of organic cation, 3H-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), was reduced in T2D, while transport was restored by CPE and CPE + Met, through an up-regulation of antioxidant genes and protein kinase Calpha deactivation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	210-231
33101635-7	2020	Furthermore, crocetin treatment protected mitochondrial functions against MPP+ induced damage by regulating the mPTP (mitochondrial permeability transition pore) viability in the interaction of ANT (adenine nucleotide translocase) and Cyp D (Cyclophilin D) dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	solute carrier family 25 member 6	Homo sapiens	199-229
33101635-7	2020	Furthermore, crocetin treatment protected mitochondrial functions against MPP+ induced damage by regulating the mPTP (mitochondrial permeability transition pore) viability in the interaction of ANT (adenine nucleotide translocase) and Cyp D (Cyclophilin D) dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	peptidylprolyl isomerase F	Homo sapiens	235-240
34973450-5	2022	We found that the expression of HK2 and LDHA and the lactate levels were markedly increased in the SNpc of MPTP-treated mice and in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	hexokinase 2	Mus musculus	32-35
23997112-0	2013	Impairment of Atg5-dependent autophagic flux promotes paraquat- and MPP+-induced apoptosis but not rotenone or 6-hydroxydopamine toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-71	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	14-18
23997112-7	2013	Stimulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling protected against cell death induced by paraquat, whereas MPP+-induced toxicity was enhanced by wortmannin, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase class III inhibitor, rapamycin, and trehalose, an mTOR-independent autophagy activator.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	130-134	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	258-262
23997112-9	2013	Cell death induced by parkinsonian neurotoxins was inhibited by the pan caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD), but only caspase-3 inhibition was able to decrease MPP+-induced cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	150-154	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	108-117
23997112-10	2013	Finally, inhibition of the lysosomal hydrolases, cathepsins, increased the toxicity by paraquat and MPP+, supporting a protective role of Atg5-dependent autophagy and lysosomes degradation pathways on dopaminegic cell death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	100-104	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	138-142
23997112-11	2013	These results demonstrate that in dopaminergic cells, Atg5-dependent autophagy acts as a protective mechanism during apoptotic cell death induced by paraquat and MPP+ but not during rotenone or 6-OHDA toxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	162-166	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	54-58
34973450-5	2022	We found that the expression of HK2 and LDHA and the lactate levels were markedly increased in the SNpc of MPTP-treated mice and in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	lactate dehydrogenase A	Mus musculus	40-44
34755654-6	2022	Knockdown of Fosl1 and GAS5 or overexpression of miR-150 alleviated neuronal injury in mice after MPTP treatment and significantly increased the activity of SH-SY5Y and N2a cells after MPP treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	185-188	fos-like antigen 1	Mus musculus	13-18
34755654-6	2022	Knockdown of Fosl1 and GAS5 or overexpression of miR-150 alleviated neuronal injury in mice after MPTP treatment and significantly increased the activity of SH-SY5Y and N2a cells after MPP treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	185-188	growth arrest specific 5	Mus musculus	23-27
34755654-6	2022	Knockdown of Fosl1 and GAS5 or overexpression of miR-150 alleviated neuronal injury in mice after MPTP treatment and significantly increased the activity of SH-SY5Y and N2a cells after MPP treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	185-188	microRNA 150	Mus musculus	49-56
33522352-13	2021	Collectively, in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, NEAT1 depletion increases cell viability, represses cytotoxicity and reduces inflammatory response by regulating miR-124-3p and PDE4B expression levels, suggesting that NEAT1 may be a promising target for treating PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	45-50
34256685-7	2022	Herein we concluded that TRPM7, TRPM8 and TRPV1 cation channels have pivotal effects on differentiation and MPP induced Parkinson"s disease model in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-111	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7	Homo sapiens	25-30
34256685-7	2022	Herein we concluded that TRPM7, TRPM8 and TRPV1 cation channels have pivotal effects on differentiation and MPP induced Parkinson"s disease model in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-111	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8	Homo sapiens	32-37
34256685-7	2022	Herein we concluded that TRPM7, TRPM8 and TRPV1 cation channels have pivotal effects on differentiation and MPP induced Parkinson"s disease model in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-111	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	42-47
34678438-6	2022	We also found that Fer was a potent alpha-synuclein inhibitor in neuronal cells, which promotes the clearance of alphasynuclein in dopaminergic neurons exposed to 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	192-197	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	36-51
34515176-11	2022	Knockdown of RMST alleviated the apoptosis and inflammatory response of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	97-101	rhabdomyosarcoma 2 associated transcript	Homo sapiens	13-17
34453989-4	2022	The results obtained show that the rats treated with Hc-TeTx plus MPP+ presented an increase in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a significantly greater decrease in the levels of the markers of oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and neurodegeneration than that observed for the group injured with only MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	114-134
34453989-4	2022	The results obtained show that the rats treated with Hc-TeTx plus MPP+ presented an increase in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a significantly greater decrease in the levels of the markers of oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and neurodegeneration than that observed for the group injured with only MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	136-138
34453989-4	2022	The results obtained show that the rats treated with Hc-TeTx plus MPP+ presented an increase in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a significantly greater decrease in the levels of the markers of oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and neurodegeneration than that observed for the group injured with only MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	317-321	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	114-134
34774844-2	2021	The present work elucidates the role of evolutionarily conserved cholesterol recognition/interaction amino acid consensus sequences (CRAC and CARC) in the allosteric binding to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably or transiently expressing OCT2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	206-210	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	281-285
34774844-5	2021	At a saturating extracellular concentration of substrate, at which the impact of cholesterol depletion is maximal, five mutants transported MPP+ at a significantly lower rate than the wild-type OCT2 (WT), resembling the behavior of the WT upon cholesterol depletion.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	140-143	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	194-198
34774844-10	2021	To conclude, the disruption of the CARC/CRAC mirror code in the 5th putative transmembrane domain is sufficient to abolish the allosteric interaction between OCT2 and MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	167-170	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	158-162
33522352-13	2021	Collectively, in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, NEAT1 depletion increases cell viability, represses cytotoxicity and reduces inflammatory response by regulating miR-124-3p and PDE4B expression levels, suggesting that NEAT1 may be a promising target for treating PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	microRNA 124-3	Homo sapiens	158-168
33522352-13	2021	Collectively, in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, NEAT1 depletion increases cell viability, represses cytotoxicity and reduces inflammatory response by regulating miR-124-3p and PDE4B expression levels, suggesting that NEAT1 may be a promising target for treating PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	17-21	phosphodiesterase 4B	Homo sapiens	173-178
34607512-7	2021	The expression levels of lncRNA SOX2-OT and NAIF1 were increased, and miR-942-5p expression was decreased in SH-SY5Y cells following MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	SOX2 overlapping transcript	Homo sapiens	32-39
34346829-9	2021	Importantly, Ramelteon attenuated MPP+-induced apoptosis, accompanied by a decreased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, inhibition of cytochrome C release, and downregulation of cleaved caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	94-97
34346829-9	2021	Importantly, Ramelteon attenuated MPP+-induced apoptosis, accompanied by a decreased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, inhibition of cytochrome C release, and downregulation of cleaved caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	98-103
34346829-7	2021	Further, oxidative stress in MPP+-challenged SH-SY5Y cells was mitigated by Ramelteon as verified by the upregulated levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carboxyl, and the upregulation of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	217-232
34346829-7	2021	Further, oxidative stress in MPP+-challenged SH-SY5Y cells was mitigated by Ramelteon as verified by the upregulated levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carboxyl, and the upregulation of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	234-239
34607512-7	2021	The expression levels of lncRNA SOX2-OT and NAIF1 were increased, and miR-942-5p expression was decreased in SH-SY5Y cells following MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	133-137	nuclear apoptosis inducing factor 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
34607512-9	2021	Moreover, the protective role of miR-942-5p mimic in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells was eliminated by the NAIF1 plasmid.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	microRNA 942	Homo sapiens	33-40
34607512-9	2021	Moreover, the protective role of miR-942-5p mimic in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells was eliminated by the NAIF1 plasmid.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	53-57	nuclear apoptosis inducing factor 1	Homo sapiens	102-107
34607512-10	2021	Overall, lncRNA SOX2-OT-mediated regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal apoptosis were directly controlled by the miR-942-5p/NAIF1 signal axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	SOX2 overlapping transcript	Homo sapiens	16-23
34607512-10	2021	Overall, lncRNA SOX2-OT-mediated regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal apoptosis were directly controlled by the miR-942-5p/NAIF1 signal axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	microRNA 942	Homo sapiens	134-141
34783303-5	2021	Increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, apoptosis, cleaved-Caspase3/Caspase3 ratio, inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased cell viability, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed in MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	235-239	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	76-84
34607512-10	2021	Overall, lncRNA SOX2-OT-mediated regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal apoptosis were directly controlled by the miR-942-5p/NAIF1 signal axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	nuclear apoptosis inducing factor 1	Homo sapiens	145-150
34783303-5	2021	Increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, apoptosis, cleaved-Caspase3/Caspase3 ratio, inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased cell viability, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed in MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	235-239	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	182-202
34781081-4	2021	Western blot analysis indicates that ZAV-12 markedly triggered lipidation of LC3 in MPP+-induced Parkinsonism in vitro in an mTOR-independent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	77-80
34783303-5	2021	Increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, apoptosis, cleaved-Caspase3/Caspase3 ratio, inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased cell viability, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed in MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	235-239	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	204-207
34783303-6	2021	Transfection of the lncRNA SNHG12-plasmid reduced neuronal apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells that were rescued by adding the miR-138-5p mimic.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	small nucleolar RNA host gene 12	Homo sapiens	27-33
34783303-9	2021	Furthermore, the expression level of NFIB was downregulated after MPP+ stimulation in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	66-70	nuclear factor I B	Homo sapiens	37-41
34781081-4	2021	Western blot analysis indicates that ZAV-12 markedly triggered lipidation of LC3 in MPP+-induced Parkinsonism in vitro in an mTOR-independent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	125-129
34514556-11	2021	In conclusion, this study indicated that LncRNA MIAT suppressed MPP+-induced oxidative stress injury by regulating miR-132/SIRT1 axis in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	microRNA 132	Rattus norvegicus	115-122
34736896-8	2021	It is also feasible that such structural changes improve synaptic vesicle sequestration of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxic metabolite of MPTP, which would explain why dopaminergic neurons expressing beta-synuclein and lacking alpha-synuclein and/or gamma-synuclein are resistant to this neurotoxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	127-128
34736896-8	2021	It is also feasible that such structural changes improve synaptic vesicle sequestration of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxic metabolite of MPTP, which would explain why dopaminergic neurons expressing beta-synuclein and lacking alpha-synuclein and/or gamma-synuclein are resistant to this neurotoxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	synuclein, beta	Mus musculus	211-225
34736896-8	2021	It is also feasible that such structural changes improve synaptic vesicle sequestration of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxic metabolite of MPTP, which would explain why dopaminergic neurons expressing beta-synuclein and lacking alpha-synuclein and/or gamma-synuclein are resistant to this neurotoxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	238-253
34736896-8	2021	It is also feasible that such structural changes improve synaptic vesicle sequestration of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxic metabolite of MPTP, which would explain why dopaminergic neurons expressing beta-synuclein and lacking alpha-synuclein and/or gamma-synuclein are resistant to this neurotoxin.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	synuclein, gamma	Mus musculus	261-276
34514556-0	2021	LncRNA MIAT Inhibits MPP+-Induced Neuronal Damage Through Regulating the miR-132/SIRT1 Axis in PC12 Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	myocardial infarction associated transcript	Rattus norvegicus	7-11
34514556-0	2021	LncRNA MIAT Inhibits MPP+-Induced Neuronal Damage Through Regulating the miR-132/SIRT1 Axis in PC12 Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	microRNA 132	Rattus norvegicus	73-80
34514556-0	2021	LncRNA MIAT Inhibits MPP+-Induced Neuronal Damage Through Regulating the miR-132/SIRT1 Axis in PC12 Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-86
34427876-0	2021	Berberine Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury by Regulating LINC00943/miR-142-5p/KPNA4/NF-kappaB Pathway in SK-N-SH Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 943	Homo sapiens	64-73
34427876-0	2021	Berberine Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury by Regulating LINC00943/miR-142-5p/KPNA4/NF-kappaB Pathway in SK-N-SH Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	karyopherin subunit alpha 4	Homo sapiens	85-90
34514556-6	2021	These results showed that LncRNA MIAT was down-regulated in MPP+-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	myocardial infarction associated transcript	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
34514556-11	2021	In conclusion, this study indicated that LncRNA MIAT suppressed MPP+-induced oxidative stress injury by regulating miR-132/SIRT1 axis in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-128
34514556-7	2021	Overexpression of LncRNA MIAT remarkably increased cell viability, inhibited cell apoptosis and oxidative stress in MPP+-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	myocardial infarction associated transcript	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
34427876-0	2021	Berberine Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury by Regulating LINC00943/miR-142-5p/KPNA4/NF-kappaB Pathway in SK-N-SH Cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	91-100
34514556-9	2021	Overexpression of miR-132 could reverse the positive effect of LncRNA MIAT overexpression on MPP+-induced cell oxidative stress injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	microRNA 132	Rattus norvegicus	18-25
34775541-0	2022	A Novel Long-Noncoding RNA LncZFAS1 Prevents MPP+-Induced Neuroinflammation Through MIB1 Activation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Homo sapiens	84-88
34514556-9	2021	Overexpression of miR-132 could reverse the positive effect of LncRNA MIAT overexpression on MPP+-induced cell oxidative stress injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	93-97	myocardial infarction associated transcript	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
34514556-10	2021	SIRT1 is a target of miR-132 and silencing of SIRT1 attunated the positive effect of LncRNA MIAT overexpression on oxidative stress injury in MPP+-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-146	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
34514556-10	2021	SIRT1 is a target of miR-132 and silencing of SIRT1 attunated the positive effect of LncRNA MIAT overexpression on oxidative stress injury in MPP+-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-146	microRNA 132	Rattus norvegicus	21-28
34514556-10	2021	SIRT1 is a target of miR-132 and silencing of SIRT1 attunated the positive effect of LncRNA MIAT overexpression on oxidative stress injury in MPP+-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-146	sirtuin 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-51
34514556-10	2021	SIRT1 is a target of miR-132 and silencing of SIRT1 attunated the positive effect of LncRNA MIAT overexpression on oxidative stress injury in MPP+-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	142-146	myocardial infarction associated transcript	Rattus norvegicus	92-96
34514556-11	2021	In conclusion, this study indicated that LncRNA MIAT suppressed MPP+-induced oxidative stress injury by regulating miR-132/SIRT1 axis in PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	64-68	myocardial infarction associated transcript	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
34785631-7	2021	Compared with the control group, Bax protein level was increased, while Bcl-2 protein level was decreased after treatment with MPP+, and these changes were not reversed by paeonol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	33-36
34785631-7	2021	Compared with the control group, Bax protein level was increased, while Bcl-2 protein level was decreased after treatment with MPP+, and these changes were not reversed by paeonol.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	127-131	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	72-77
34775541-9	2022	In contrast, MPP+ activates the NLPR3 inflammasome through miR590-3p upregulation and direct interference with MIB1-dependent TXNIP ubiquitination.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	microRNA 590	Homo sapiens	59-65
34775541-9	2022	In contrast, MPP+ activates the NLPR3 inflammasome through miR590-3p upregulation and direct interference with MIB1-dependent TXNIP ubiquitination.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Homo sapiens	111-115
34775541-9	2022	In contrast, MPP+ activates the NLPR3 inflammasome through miR590-3p upregulation and direct interference with MIB1-dependent TXNIP ubiquitination.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	13-17	thioredoxin interacting protein	Homo sapiens	126-131
34459097-8	2021	Subsequently, rescue assays revealed that miR-497-5p regulated apoptosis and autophagy of MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells by mediation on FGF2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	microRNA 497	Homo sapiens	42-49
34346167-8	2021	Similar effects of PDGF-BB-mediated TH upregulation were also observed in MPP+ -treated primary neuronal culture and dopaminergic neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	36-38
34732784-3	2021	), on MPP+-induced apoptosis and its association with thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	6-10	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	69-73
34210894-6	2021	In the MPP+-induced in vitro PD model, AKNS-2 reversed the reduced cell viability and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels and reduced the induced alpha-synuclein level.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	7-11	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	143-158
34459097-5	2021	MiR-497-5p was significantly upregulated in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ )-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-77	microRNA 497	Homo sapiens	0-7
34459097-8	2021	Subsequently, rescue assays revealed that miR-497-5p regulated apoptosis and autophagy of MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells by mediation on FGF2.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	134-138
34459097-6	2021	Inhibition of miR-497-5p suppressed the cell apoptosis and triggered autophagy of MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	82-86	microRNA 497	Homo sapiens	14-21
34580047-9	2021	Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	95-98
34580047-9	2021	Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20	Homo sapiens	114-119
34580047-8	2021	RESULTS: MPP+ induced cell death by cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation; however, this effect was suppressed by KRG"s regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	36-48
34580047-8	2021	RESULTS: MPP+ induced cell death by cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation; however, this effect was suppressed by KRG"s regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	61-70
34580047-9	2021	Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	121-133
34580047-8	2021	RESULTS: MPP+ induced cell death by cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation; however, this effect was suppressed by KRG"s regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	161-166
34580047-9	2021	Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	138-143
34580047-8	2021	RESULTS: MPP+ induced cell death by cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation; however, this effect was suppressed by KRG"s regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	171-174
34580047-11	2021	CONCLUSION: KRG effectively prevents MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death by regulating cytochrome c release from mitochondria and PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, through regulation of the Bcl-2 family.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	83-95
34580047-9	2021	Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	75-80
34580047-11	2021	CONCLUSION: KRG effectively prevents MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death by regulating cytochrome c release from mitochondria and PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, through regulation of the Bcl-2 family.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	126-131
34580047-9	2021	Moreover, MPP+ exposure increased the mitochondrial expressions of parkin, PINK1, Beclin 1 and p62, and decreased TOM20, cytochrome c and Bcl-2 expressions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	10-14	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	82-90
34580047-11	2021	CONCLUSION: KRG effectively prevents MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell death by regulating cytochrome c release from mitochondria and PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, through regulation of the Bcl-2 family.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	37-41	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	185-190
34558637-9	2021	Moreover, let-7b-5p presented high levels in brain tissues of PD mice and MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, and knockdown of let-7b-5p inhibited SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	microRNA let7b	Mus musculus	10-16
34770830-4	2021	Moreover, CPO-B completely blocked the dephosphorylation of extracellular, signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) caused by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	126-130	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	108-114
34418603-3	2021	In this work, we demonstrate the protective effect of IGF-II against the damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in neuronal dopaminergic cell cultures and a mouse model of progressive PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	120-124	insulin-like growth factor 2	Mus musculus	54-60
34494994-4	2021	The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of p53 dependent dopaminergic cell death and implication of Annexin A2 in cellular apoptosis in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	58-61
34494994-4	2021	The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of p53 dependent dopaminergic cell death and implication of Annexin A2 in cellular apoptosis in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced PC12 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-184	annexin A2	Rattus norvegicus	115-125
34494994-8	2021	RESULTS: The present study showed that the exposure of PC12 cells to neurotoxin MPP+ increased the expression levels of p53 and the discharge of mitochondrial transmembrane potential.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-84	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	120-123
34418603-4	2021	In the neuronal model, IGF-II counteracts the oxidative distress produced by MPP + protecting dopaminergic neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-82	insulin-like growth factor 2	Mus musculus	23-29
34418603-6	2021	The neuroprotective effect of IGF-II against MPP + -neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons depends on the specific IGF-II receptor (IGF-IIr).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-50	insulin like growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	30-36
34418603-6	2021	The neuroprotective effect of IGF-II against MPP + -neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons depends on the specific IGF-II receptor (IGF-IIr).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-50	insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor	Mus musculus	114-129
34418603-6	2021	The neuroprotective effect of IGF-II against MPP + -neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons depends on the specific IGF-II receptor (IGF-IIr).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-50	insulin like growth factor 2 receptor	Homo sapiens	131-138
34418603-7	2021	In the mouse model, IGF-II prevents behavioural dysfunction and dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway degeneration and mitigates neuroinflammation induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	155-159	insulin-like growth factor 2	Mus musculus	20-26
34543233-7	2021	Knockout of miR-29b2/c inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated primary cultures of mixed glia, primary astrocytes, or LPS-treated primary microglia.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	104-108	microRNA 29b-2	Mus musculus	12-20
34216993-7	2021	UPRmt activation that was induced by overexpressing mutant ornithine transcarbamylase significantly reduced the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improved cell survival in SH-SY5Y cells following MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	224-228	ornithine transcarbamylase	Homo sapiens	59-85
34545064-7	2021	Further in vitro studies showed that autophagy was inhibited in N2A cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), as reflected by a significant decrease in the expressions of autophagy marker proteins (Beclin1 and LC3II) and an increase in the expression of autophagic flux marker p62.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	beclin 1, autophagy related	Mus musculus	211-218
34545064-7	2021	Further in vitro studies showed that autophagy was inhibited in N2A cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), as reflected by a significant decrease in the expressions of autophagy marker proteins (Beclin1 and LC3II) and an increase in the expression of autophagic flux marker p62.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	116-120	nucleoporin 62	Mus musculus	290-293
34545064-8	2021	DHF restored the impaired autophagy to control level in MPP+-treated N2A cells by inhibiting the ERK-LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	97-100
34545064-8	2021	DHF restored the impaired autophagy to control level in MPP+-treated N2A cells by inhibiting the ERK-LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	56-60	serine/threonine kinase 11	Mus musculus	101-105
34545064-9	2021	Taken together, these results demonstrate that DHF exerts therapeutic effects in MPTP/MPP+-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting the ERK-LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway and subsequently improving impaired autophagy.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	86-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	131-134
34577027-3	2021	Compared with MPP+/MPTP alone, PCs significantly improved antioxidant activities (e.g., glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-118
34577027-3	2021	Compared with MPP+/MPTP alone, PCs significantly improved antioxidant activities (e.g., glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	149-157
34577027-3	2021	Compared with MPP+/MPTP alone, PCs significantly improved antioxidant activities (e.g., glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	14-18	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	159-162
34577027-4	2021	Furthermore, PCs significantly increased nuclear Nrf2 accumulation in PC12 cells and raised the expression of NQO1, HO-1, GCLM, and GCLC in both PC12 cells and zebrafish compared to MPP+/MPTP alone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-185	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-114
34577027-4	2021	Furthermore, PCs significantly increased nuclear Nrf2 accumulation in PC12 cells and raised the expression of NQO1, HO-1, GCLM, and GCLC in both PC12 cells and zebrafish compared to MPP+/MPTP alone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-185	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
34577027-4	2021	Furthermore, PCs significantly increased nuclear Nrf2 accumulation in PC12 cells and raised the expression of NQO1, HO-1, GCLM, and GCLC in both PC12 cells and zebrafish compared to MPP+/MPTP alone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-185	glutamate cysteine ligase, modifier subunit	Rattus norvegicus	122-126
34577027-4	2021	Furthermore, PCs significantly increased nuclear Nrf2 accumulation in PC12 cells and raised the expression of NQO1, HO-1, GCLM, and GCLC in both PC12 cells and zebrafish compared to MPP+/MPTP alone.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-185	glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
34216993-8	2021	Moreover, the overexpression of activating transcription factor 5 (mammalian UPRmt transcription factor) conferred protection against MPP+-induced ROS production and against cell death in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	134-138	activating transcription factor 5	Homo sapiens	32-65
34500807-7	2021	The results revealed that 4d could significantly inhibit 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPTP/MPP+)-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in both in vitro and in vivo PD models, thus inhibiting the NF-kappaB-mediated neuroinflammation-related apoptosis pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	265-274
34502283-6	2021	In MPP+-treated C2C12 cells, srpk3 expression gradually decreased and alpha-syn expression increased with the increasing MPP+ concentration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	3-7	serine/arginine-rich protein specific kinase 3	Mus musculus	29-34
34147477-2	2021	Our previous studies have demonstrated that icariin and icaritin can protect against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons via insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1 receptor) signaling.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	166-170	insulin like growth factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	222-259
34502283-6	2021	In MPP+-treated C2C12 cells, srpk3 expression gradually decreased and alpha-syn expression increased with the increasing MPP+ concentration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	3-7	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	70-79
34502283-6	2021	In MPP+-treated C2C12 cells, srpk3 expression gradually decreased and alpha-syn expression increased with the increasing MPP+ concentration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	serine/arginine-rich protein specific kinase 3	Mus musculus	29-34
34502283-6	2021	In MPP+-treated C2C12 cells, srpk3 expression gradually decreased and alpha-syn expression increased with the increasing MPP+ concentration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	121-125	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	70-79
34132424-0	2021	Thioredoxin-1 regulates calcium homeostasis in MPP+ /MPTP-induced Parkinson"s disease models.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	47-51	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	0-13
34175438-4	2021	Our results showed that Tat-PRAS40 effectively transduced into SH-SY5Y cells and inhibited DNA damage, ROS generation, and apoptotic signaling in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	146-150	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	24-27
34175438-4	2021	Our results showed that Tat-PRAS40 effectively transduced into SH-SY5Y cells and inhibited DNA damage, ROS generation, and apoptotic signaling in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	146-150	AKT1 substrate 1	Homo sapiens	28-34
34338497-0	2021	Marine-Derived Xyloketal Compound Ameliorates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury through Regulating of the IRE1/XBP1 Signaling Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	Endoribonuclease;Serine/threonine-protein kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	101-105
34338497-0	2021	Marine-Derived Xyloketal Compound Ameliorates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Injury through Regulating of the IRE1/XBP1 Signaling Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	46-50	BZIP domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	106-110
34475813-5	2021	The functions of Panx 1 in inflammatory cytokines expression and the viability of neuronal SH-SY5Y cells were examined in cultured cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	208-212	pannexin 1	Homo sapiens	17-23
34475813-6	2021	We found that Panx 1 expression was significantly increased under both LPS- and MPP+-treated conditions.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-84	pannexin 1	Homo sapiens	14-20
34132424-11	2021	In conclusion, Trx-1 regulates the Ca2+ entry through regulating TRPC1 expression after treatment of MPP+ /MPTP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	15-20
34132424-11	2021	In conclusion, Trx-1 regulates the Ca2+ entry through regulating TRPC1 expression after treatment of MPP+ /MPTP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	101-105	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1	Mus musculus	65-70
34132424-5	2021	In the present study, we demonstrated that treatment of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum ion (MPP+ ) significantly reduced the expression of TRPC1 in PC12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased significantly by Trx-1 siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
34132424-5	2021	In the present study, we demonstrated that treatment of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum ion (MPP+ ) significantly reduced the expression of TRPC1 in PC12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased significantly by Trx-1 siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	178-183
34132424-5	2021	In the present study, we demonstrated that treatment of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum ion (MPP+ ) significantly reduced the expression of TRPC1 in PC12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased significantly by Trx-1 siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	239-244
34132424-6	2021	Moreover, we found that Ca2+ entered into the cells was decreased by MPP+ in PC 12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased by Trx-1 siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	112-117
34132424-6	2021	Moreover, we found that Ca2+ entered into the cells was decreased by MPP+ in PC 12 cells, which was restored by Trx-1 overexpression, and further decreased by Trx-1 siRNA.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	159-164
34132424-7	2021	MPP+ significantly increased calcium-dependent cysteine protease calpain1 expression in PC12 cells, which was suppressed by Trx-1 overexpression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	calpain 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-73
34132424-7	2021	MPP+ significantly increased calcium-dependent cysteine protease calpain1 expression in PC12 cells, which was suppressed by Trx-1 overexpression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	0-4	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	124-129
34308845-0	2021	(Macrophage migration inhibitory factor meditates MPP+/MPTP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia cells).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)	Mus musculus	1-39
34308845-0	2021	(Macrophage migration inhibitory factor meditates MPP+/MPTP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia cells).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	68-73
34308845-7	2021	RESULTS: MPP+ significantly increased NLRP3 and MIF expressions in Bv-2 cells (P < 0.05).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	38-43
34308845-7	2021	RESULTS: MPP+ significantly increased NLRP3 and MIF expressions in Bv-2 cells (P < 0.05).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)	Mus musculus	48-51
34308845-12	2021	CONCLUSION: Inhibition of MIF can reduce the expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes and inflammatory factor caused by MPP+ in microglia cells to relieve the damage of dopaminergic neurons and alleviate microglia cell activation, thus offering protection against neuroinflammation in Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)	Mus musculus	26-29
34308845-12	2021	CONCLUSION: Inhibition of MIF can reduce the expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes and inflammatory factor caused by MPP+ in microglia cells to relieve the damage of dopaminergic neurons and alleviate microglia cell activation, thus offering protection against neuroinflammation in Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	113-117	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	59-64
34246309-6	2021	ANT1 supplement in neuronal cells revealed the protective roles of ANT1 against cytotoxicity caused by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, adenine nucleotide translocator), member 4	Mus musculus	0-4
34246309-6	2021	ANT1 supplement in neuronal cells revealed the protective roles of ANT1 against cytotoxicity caused by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	103-107	solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, adenine nucleotide translocator), member 4	Mus musculus	67-71
34206170-4	2021	Using a specific inhibitor of RPTPbeta/zeta (MY10), we aimed to assess whether the PTN/RPTPbeta/zeta axis is involved in neuronal and glial injury induced by the toxin MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	168-172	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A	Homo sapiens	30-43
34206170-4	2021	Using a specific inhibitor of RPTPbeta/zeta (MY10), we aimed to assess whether the PTN/RPTPbeta/zeta axis is involved in neuronal and glial injury induced by the toxin MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	168-172	pleiotrophin	Homo sapiens	83-86
34206170-4	2021	Using a specific inhibitor of RPTPbeta/zeta (MY10), we aimed to assess whether the PTN/RPTPbeta/zeta axis is involved in neuronal and glial injury induced by the toxin MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	168-172	protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A	Homo sapiens	87-95
34206170-6	2021	We observed that PTN partially decreased the cytotoxicity induced by MPP+ in SH-SY5Y cells underpinning the neuroprotective function of PTN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	pleiotrophin	Homo sapiens	17-20
34206170-6	2021	We observed that PTN partially decreased the cytotoxicity induced by MPP+ in SH-SY5Y cells underpinning the neuroprotective function of PTN.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	pleiotrophin	Homo sapiens	136-139
34206170-8	2021	Interestingly, we observed that media from SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ and MY10 decreases microglial viability but may elicit a neuroprotective response of microglia by upregulating Ptn expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-74	pleiotrophin	Homo sapiens	186-189
34113238-6	2021	Effects of miR-30c-5p and its target gene Autophagy-related gene (ATG) 5 protein (ATG5) on MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells were determined through a series of molecular experiments.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	42-72
34249133-0	2021	MiR-20a-5p Regulates MPP+-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in HT22 Cells by Targeting IRF9/NF-kappaB Axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	microRNA 20a	Mus musculus	0-7
34206041-3	2021	In this study, we investigated whether cell-permeable PEP-1-GLRX1 inhibits dopaminergic neuronal cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-152	glutaredoxin	Homo sapiens	60-65
34206041-4	2021	We showed that PEP-1-GLRX1 protects cell death and DNA damage in MPP+-exposed SH-SY5Y cells via the inhibition of MAPK, Akt, and NF-kappaB activation and the regulation of apoptosis-related protein expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	glutaredoxin	Homo sapiens	21-26
34206041-6	2021	These results indicate that PEP-1-GLRX1 markedly inhibited the loss of dopaminergic neurons in MPP+- and MPTP-induced cytotoxicity, suggesting that this fusion protein may represent a novel therapeutic agent against PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	glutaredoxin	Homo sapiens	34-39
34249133-0	2021	MiR-20a-5p Regulates MPP+-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in HT22 Cells by Targeting IRF9/NF-kappaB Axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	interferon regulatory factor 9	Mus musculus	100-104
34249133-9	2021	Moreover, IRF9 hindered the improvement of miR-20a-5p overexpression on MPP+-induced neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	interferon regulatory factor 9	Mus musculus	10-14
34204667-9	2021	Our results suggest that the protective effects of CLF1 on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be due to its anti-apoptotic activity, through regulating the expression of the Bcl-2 family.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	cytokine receptor-like factor 1	Mus musculus	51-55
34204667-9	2021	Our results suggest that the protective effects of CLF1 on MPP+-induced apoptosis may be due to its anti-apoptotic activity, through regulating the expression of the Bcl-2 family.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	166-171
34350239-11	2021	Results: We observed decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and increased inflammatory factors such as IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-151	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	111-119
34350239-11	2021	Results: We observed decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and increased inflammatory factors such as IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-151	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	121-125
34350239-11	2021	Results: We observed decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and increased inflammatory factors such as IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	148-151	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	131-140
34350239-12	2021	We also found decreased DA secretion and TH expression, as well as increased NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1alpha, and IL-18 expression in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	77-82
34350239-12	2021	We also found decreased DA secretion and TH expression, as well as increased NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1alpha, and IL-18 expression in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	caspase 1	Homo sapiens	84-93
34350239-12	2021	We also found decreased DA secretion and TH expression, as well as increased NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1alpha, and IL-18 expression in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	PYD and CARD domain containing	Homo sapiens	95-98
34350239-12	2021	We also found decreased DA secretion and TH expression, as well as increased NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1alpha, and IL-18 expression in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	100-109
34350239-12	2021	We also found decreased DA secretion and TH expression, as well as increased NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1alpha, and IL-18 expression in the MPP+ induced PD model.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	115-120
34350239-15	2021	Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that UTI pre-treatment performed a neuroprotective role in the MPP+ induced PD cell models by inhibiting the NLRP3 pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	98-102	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	144-149
34113238-6	2021	Effects of miR-30c-5p and its target gene Autophagy-related gene (ATG) 5 protein (ATG5) on MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells were determined through a series of molecular experiments.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	91-95	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	82-86
35398161-11	2022	In SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, the knockdown of HOTAIR increased cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress reaction, while HOTAIR overexpression led to opposite effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	53-59
35398161-11	2022	In SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, the knockdown of HOTAIR increased cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress reaction, while HOTAIR overexpression led to opposite effects.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	30-34	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	190-196
35398161-14	2022	In conclusion, HOTAIR attenuated the injury of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+ via miR-221-3p/alpha-synuclein axis, suggesting the potential therapeutic value of HOTAIR in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	15-21
35398161-14	2022	In conclusion, HOTAIR attenuated the injury of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+ via miR-221-3p/alpha-synuclein axis, suggesting the potential therapeutic value of HOTAIR in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	92-107
35398161-14	2022	In conclusion, HOTAIR attenuated the injury of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+ via miR-221-3p/alpha-synuclein axis, suggesting the potential therapeutic value of HOTAIR in PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	72-76	HOX transcript antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	160-166
35138554-7	2022	This effect could be prevented by the specific ER antagonist fulvestrant and the selective ERalpha antagonist MPP.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-113	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	91-98
35594436-10	2022	Cytotoxicity to a neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and western blotting of cleaved caspase-3.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	59-63	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	195-204
35385779-3	2022	Here, we showed that Mst1 is up-regulated in Parkinson"s disease (PD) model induced by MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	87-91	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
35385779-4	2022	Knockdown of Mst1 resulted in a reduction in MPP+-induced apoptosis and autophagy in SH-SY5Y and CHP 212 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	45-49	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
35385779-6	2022	We also showed that miR-135a-5p was lower while Mst1 was inversely higher in MPP+-treated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	77-81	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
35385779-7	2022	Furthermore, miR-135a-5p has a protective role on MPP+-induced neuronal cell death via targeting Mst1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	50-54	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
35390465-3	2022	Recently, we have reported that treatment with H2O2 and PD toxins, including 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridin-1-ium (MPP+) and rotenone, induces neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting the mTOR pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-135	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	202-206
35390465-4	2022	Here, we show that treatment with 6-OHDA, MPP+ or rotenone induced H2O2 generation by upregulating the levels of NOX2 and its regulatory proteins (p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1), leading to apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells and primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	cytochrome b-245 beta chain	Rattus norvegicus	113-117
35390465-4	2022	Here, we show that treatment with 6-OHDA, MPP+ or rotenone induced H2O2 generation by upregulating the levels of NOX2 and its regulatory proteins (p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1), leading to apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells and primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	cytochrome b-245 alpha chain	Rattus norvegicus	147-154
35390465-4	2022	Here, we show that treatment with 6-OHDA, MPP+ or rotenone induced H2O2 generation by upregulating the levels of NOX2 and its regulatory proteins (p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1), leading to apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells and primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	165-172
35390465-4	2022	Here, we show that treatment with 6-OHDA, MPP+ or rotenone induced H2O2 generation by upregulating the levels of NOX2 and its regulatory proteins (p22phox, p40phox, p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1), leading to apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells and primary neurons.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	42-46	Rac family small GTPase 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-191
35595779-4	2022	Here, we revealed that Nrf2/MeCP2 coordinately regulated BDNF transcription, reversing the decreased levels of BDNF expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	57-61
35595779-4	2022	Here, we revealed that Nrf2/MeCP2 coordinately regulated BDNF transcription, reversing the decreased levels of BDNF expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	111-115
35595779-4	2022	Here, we revealed that Nrf2/MeCP2 coordinately regulated BDNF transcription, reversing the decreased levels of BDNF expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	23-27
35595779-4	2022	Here, we revealed that Nrf2/MeCP2 coordinately regulated BDNF transcription, reversing the decreased levels of BDNF expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	159-163	methyl-CpG binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	28-33
35594436-14	2022	Upon treatment with MPP+, cells with eEF1A2 knockdown showed a further reduction in cell survival and an increase of cleaved caspase-3 protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2	Homo sapiens	37-43
35594436-14	2022	Upon treatment with MPP+, cells with eEF1A2 knockdown showed a further reduction in cell survival and an increase of cleaved caspase-3 protein.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	125-134
35426258-0	2022	LINC00667 regulates MPP+ -induced neuronal injury in Parkinson"s disease.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	20-24	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 667	Homo sapiens	0-9
35257795-8	2022	INT-777 reversed the downregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and accumulation of p62 in microglia treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-186	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	57-60
35257795-8	2022	INT-777 reversed the downregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and accumulation of p62 in microglia treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	182-186	nucleoporin 62	Mus musculus	123-126
35426258-4	2022	Meanwhile, the effect of HNF4A on MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cell behavior was monitored by functional assays.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	25-30
35426258-7	2022	RESULTS: The results revealed that depletion of HNF4A suppressed cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis caused by MPP+ .	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	107-111	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	48-53
35426258-8	2022	Knockdown of HNF4A recovered MPP+ -stimulated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	29-33	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	13-18
35426258-10	2022	Furthermore, we found that LINC00667 positively modulated HNF4A expression via sequestering miR-34c-5p in MPP+ -stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 667	Homo sapiens	27-36
35426258-10	2022	Furthermore, we found that LINC00667 positively modulated HNF4A expression via sequestering miR-34c-5p in MPP+ -stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	58-63
35426258-10	2022	Furthermore, we found that LINC00667 positively modulated HNF4A expression via sequestering miR-34c-5p in MPP+ -stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	106-110	microRNA 34c	Homo sapiens	92-99
35426258-12	2022	Rescue experiments presented that miR-34c-5p interference or HNF4A overexpression could mitigate the effects of LINC00667 knockdown on cell viability, cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	224-228	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	61-66
35426258-12	2022	Rescue experiments presented that miR-34c-5p interference or HNF4A overexpression could mitigate the effects of LINC00667 knockdown on cell viability, cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	224-228	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 667	Homo sapiens	112-121
35426258-13	2022	CONCLUSION: Our study first proved LINC00667, miR-34c-5p, and HNF4A constructed a positive feedback loop in MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells, enriching our understanding of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 667	Homo sapiens	35-44
35426258-13	2022	CONCLUSION: Our study first proved LINC00667, miR-34c-5p, and HNF4A constructed a positive feedback loop in MPP+ -treated SH-SY5Y cells, enriching our understanding of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha	Homo sapiens	62-67
35566180-6	2022	The result showed that dioscin pre-treatment counters MPP+-mediated autophagic flux impairment and alleviates MPP+-induced apoptosis by downregulating activated caspase-3 and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax) expression while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	161-170
35587608-10	2022	Furthermore, the level of NEAT1 was positively correlated with MPP+ concentration.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	63-67	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	26-31
35587608-11	2022	Interfering with NEAT1 in the present study promoted cellular proliferation and mediated SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis and autophagy treated with MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	139-143	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
35566180-6	2022	The result showed that dioscin pre-treatment counters MPP+-mediated autophagic flux impairment and alleviates MPP+-induced apoptosis by downregulating activated caspase-3 and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax) expression while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	175-213
35566180-6	2022	The result showed that dioscin pre-treatment counters MPP+-mediated autophagic flux impairment and alleviates MPP+-induced apoptosis by downregulating activated caspase-3 and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax) expression while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	54-58	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	215-218
35566180-6	2022	The result showed that dioscin pre-treatment counters MPP+-mediated autophagic flux impairment and alleviates MPP+-induced apoptosis by downregulating activated caspase-3 and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax) expression while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	161-170
35566180-6	2022	The result showed that dioscin pre-treatment counters MPP+-mediated autophagic flux impairment and alleviates MPP+-induced apoptosis by downregulating activated caspase-3 and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax) expression while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	175-213
35566180-6	2022	The result showed that dioscin pre-treatment counters MPP+-mediated autophagic flux impairment and alleviates MPP+-induced apoptosis by downregulating activated caspase-3 and BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax) expression while increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	110-114	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	215-218
35420720-7	2022	In conclusion, CA protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity In vitro, which possibly by promoting the PINK1/Parkin/p62 pathway to accelerate the degradation of damaged mitochondria thereby reducing oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	144-149
35593471-6	2022	Meanwhile, the increase in both PAC1-R and PACAP levels and the neuroprotective activities of PACAP(28-38) and TAT in MPP-induced cell model of Parkinson"s disease are synchronously inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate, which are positively correlated with the nuclear translocation of PAC1-R induced by PACAP(28-38) or TAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	ADCYAP receptor type I	Homo sapiens	32-38
35593471-6	2022	Meanwhile, the increase in both PAC1-R and PACAP levels and the neuroprotective activities of PACAP(28-38) and TAT in MPP-induced cell model of Parkinson"s disease are synchronously inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate, which are positively correlated with the nuclear translocation of PAC1-R induced by PACAP(28-38) or TAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Homo sapiens	43-48
35593471-6	2022	Meanwhile, the increase in both PAC1-R and PACAP levels and the neuroprotective activities of PACAP(28-38) and TAT in MPP-induced cell model of Parkinson"s disease are synchronously inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate, which are positively correlated with the nuclear translocation of PAC1-R induced by PACAP(28-38) or TAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Homo sapiens	94-99
35593471-6	2022	Meanwhile, the increase in both PAC1-R and PACAP levels and the neuroprotective activities of PACAP(28-38) and TAT in MPP-induced cell model of Parkinson"s disease are synchronously inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate, which are positively correlated with the nuclear translocation of PAC1-R induced by PACAP(28-38) or TAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	ADCYAP receptor type I	Homo sapiens	279-285
35593471-6	2022	Meanwhile, the increase in both PAC1-R and PACAP levels and the neuroprotective activities of PACAP(28-38) and TAT in MPP-induced cell model of Parkinson"s disease are synchronously inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate, which are positively correlated with the nuclear translocation of PAC1-R induced by PACAP(28-38) or TAT.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-121	adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1	Homo sapiens	297-302
35420720-7	2022	In conclusion, CA protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and MPP+ -induced neurotoxicity In vitro, which possibly by promoting the PINK1/Parkin/p62 pathway to accelerate the degradation of damaged mitochondria thereby reducing oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	74-78	nucleoporin 62	Mus musculus	157-160
35388756-7	2022	RESULTS: The expression level of alpha-synuclein increased in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+, while the protein expression level of CHCHD2 decreased significantly, especially after 24 h of treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	33-48
35456967-10	2022	Furthermore, when Pgk1 was added to the culture medium for culturing dopamine-like SH-SY5Y cells, it could reduce the ROS pathway and apoptosis caused by the neurotoxin MPP+.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	169-173	phosphoglycerate kinase 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
35481549-1	2022	This study aimed to analyze the function and latent mechanism of long noncoding RNA BACE1-antisense transcript (lncRNA BACE1-AS) in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	beta-secretase 1	Homo sapiens	84-89
35481549-1	2022	This study aimed to analyze the function and latent mechanism of long noncoding RNA BACE1-antisense transcript (lncRNA BACE1-AS) in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	132-136	beta-secretase 1	Homo sapiens	119-124
35481549-6	2022	Results suggested that lncRNA BACE1-AS was over-expressed and miR-214-3p was under-expressed in MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	96-100	BACE1 antisense RNA	Homo sapiens	30-38
35481549-7	2022	Further analyses revealed that MPP+ inhibited cell viability; enhanced cell apoptosis, Cleaved Caspase-3 expression and Cleaved Caspase-3/GAPDH ratio; induced oxidative stress and inflammation in SH-SY5Y cells were inhibited by lncRNA BACE1-AS-siRNA transfection; and all these inhibitions were reversed by miR-214-3p inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	138-143
35481549-7	2022	Further analyses revealed that MPP+ inhibited cell viability; enhanced cell apoptosis, Cleaved Caspase-3 expression and Cleaved Caspase-3/GAPDH ratio; induced oxidative stress and inflammation in SH-SY5Y cells were inhibited by lncRNA BACE1-AS-siRNA transfection; and all these inhibitions were reversed by miR-214-3p inhibitor.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	31-35	beta-secretase 1	Homo sapiens	235-240
35481549-8	2022	In addition, we found that CDIP1 was directly targeted by miR-214-3p and up-regulated in MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	89-93	cell death inducing p53 target 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
35481549-9	2022	Further functional assays suggested that CDIP1-plasmid reversed the effects of miR-214-3p mimic on MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	cell death inducing p53 target 1	Homo sapiens	41-46
35146598-0	2022	Alpha-Lipoic Acid Attenuates MPTP/MPP+-Induced Neurotoxicity: Roles of SIRT1-Dependent PGC-1alpha Signaling Pathways.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	34-38	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	71-76
34472490-5	2022	Overexpression of miR-615-3p inhibited MPP+-induced neuronal apoptosis and microglial inflammation and ameliorated HOTTIP- and FOXO1-mediated nerve injury and inflammation.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	39-43	microRNA 615	Mus musculus	18-25
35146598-10	2022	Furthermore, ALA significantly increased the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha in vivo and in vitro in MPTP/MPP+-induced models, which was reversed by the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	59-64
35146598-10	2022	Furthermore, ALA significantly increased the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha in vivo and in vitro in MPTP/MPP+-induced models, which was reversed by the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	69-79
35349097-0	2022	SNHG14 Upregulation Was a Molecular Mechanism Underlying MPP+ Neurotoxicity in Dopaminergic SK-N-SH Cells via SNHG14-miR-519a-3p-ATG10 ceRNA Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	0-6
35146598-10	2022	Furthermore, ALA significantly increased the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha in vivo and in vitro in MPTP/MPP+-induced models, which was reversed by the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	109-113	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	156-161
35349097-0	2022	SNHG14 Upregulation Was a Molecular Mechanism Underlying MPP+ Neurotoxicity in Dopaminergic SK-N-SH Cells via SNHG14-miR-519a-3p-ATG10 ceRNA Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	110-116
35085893-1	2022	1- methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) can activate nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in Parkinson"s disease (PD) mice, while 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridinium ion (MPP+), the toxic metabolite of MPTP was not enough to achieve it in vitro.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	276-280	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	160-165
35349097-0	2022	SNHG14 Upregulation Was a Molecular Mechanism Underlying MPP+ Neurotoxicity in Dopaminergic SK-N-SH Cells via SNHG14-miR-519a-3p-ATG10 ceRNA Pathway.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	57-61	autophagy related 10	Homo sapiens	129-134
35349097-5	2022	SNHG14 and ATG10 expression was increased, and miR-519a-3p was decreased in MPP+-treated SK-N-SH cells, and SNHG14 knockdown alleviated MPP+-induced SK-N-SH cell damage by regulating cell viability, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	136-140	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	108-114
35349097-6	2022	Additionally, antisense RNA of miR-519a-3p abated the suppressive role of SNHG14 knockdown, and ectopic expression of ATG10 counteracted the protective role of miR-519a-3p against MPP+ neurotoxicity.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	180-183	autophagy related 10	Homo sapiens	118-123
35349097-8	2022	Target silencing SNHG14 and restoring miR-519a-3p could prevent DAn from MPP+ toxicity via regulation of ATG10.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-77	small nucleolar RNA host gene 14	Homo sapiens	17-23
35349097-8	2022	Target silencing SNHG14 and restoring miR-519a-3p could prevent DAn from MPP+ toxicity via regulation of ATG10.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	73-77	autophagy related 10	Homo sapiens	105-110
35350655-8	2022	Results: Treatment with MPP+ has been observed to induce apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in neuroblastoma cells, which were abolished by propofol or silencing of HOTAIRM1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	24-28	HOXA transcript antisense RNA, myeloid-specific 1	Homo sapiens	176-184
35350655-9	2022	Importantly, the increase of HOTAIRM1 and the decrease of miR-519a-3p caused by MPP+ were reversed by propofol in neuroblastoma cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	80-84	HOXA transcript antisense RNA, myeloid-specific 1	Homo sapiens	29-37
35350655-11	2022	Moreover, functional experiments revealed that propofol might weaken MPP+-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by regulating the HOTAIRM1/miR-519a-3p axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	69-73	HOXA transcript antisense RNA, myeloid-specific 1	Homo sapiens	146-154
35350655-12	2022	Conclusion: Propofol inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation in MPP+-induced neuroblastoma cells by targeting the HOTAIRM1/miR-519a-3p axis, implying the potential protective function of propofol against oxidative damage.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	HOXA transcript antisense RNA, myeloid-specific 1	Homo sapiens	118-126
35124181-0	2022	Deacetylation of ZKSCAN3 by SIRT1 induces autophagy and protects SN4741 cells against MPP+-induced oxidative stress.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	86-90	zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3	Mus musculus	17-24
35124181-4	2022	In this study, we demonstrated that cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by MPP+ exposure and the resulting oxidative damage were counteracted by SIRT1-ZKSCAN3 pathway induction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	158-163
35124181-4	2022	In this study, we demonstrated that cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by MPP+ exposure and the resulting oxidative damage were counteracted by SIRT1-ZKSCAN3 pathway induction.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	88-92	zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3	Mus musculus	164-171
35124181-5	2022	Here we showed that nuclear ZKSCAN3 significantly increased in ventral midbrain of MPTP-treated mice and MPP+-treated SN4741 cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	105-109	zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3	Mus musculus	28-35
35124181-6	2022	Knockdown of ZKSCAN3 alleviated MPP+-induced ALP defect, Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) declination and neuronal death.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	32-36	zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3	Mus musculus	13-20
35124181-8	2022	SRT2104, a SIRT1 activator, attenuated impairment of ALP in MPP+-treated SN47417 cells through decreasing nuclear accumulation of ZKSCAN3 and protected dopaminergic neurons from MPTP injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	60-64	zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 3	Mus musculus	130-137
35049152-2	2022	Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) OIP5-AS1 alleviates the accumulation and toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+ )/-induced alpha-synuclein in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, which may be involved in the pathological process of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	108-112	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	124-139
35148069-5	2022	We found that GLT-1 expression was impaired in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-treated astrocytes, and the transport capacity for glutamate was significantly reduced.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	83-87	solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2	Mus musculus	14-19
35148069-6	2022	Pretreatment with VC restored the GLT-1 expression in the MPP+-treated astrocytes.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	58-62	solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2	Mus musculus	34-39
35148069-9	2022	Transcriptome sequence analysis revealed a number of differentially expressed genes as a result of VC treatment on MPP+-treated astrocytes, including the downregulation of HECT Domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Hectd1).	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	115-119	HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Mus musculus	215-221
35148069-10	2022	After knocking down Hectd1, the impaired GLT-1 expression caused by MPP+ was alleviated, while overexpression of Hectd1 significantly reduced the expression of GLT-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1	Mus musculus	20-26
35148069-10	2022	After knocking down Hectd1, the impaired GLT-1 expression caused by MPP+ was alleviated, while overexpression of Hectd1 significantly reduced the expression of GLT-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	68-72	solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2	Mus musculus	41-46
35023548-5	2022	Multiple forms of alpha-synuclein, including monomer, low and high molecular weight oligomers, were differentially present in the 2D and 3D cells, but mostly remained unchanged upon the MPP+ or rotenone treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	186-190	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	18-33
35085893-2	2022	We hypothesized that the accumulation of Alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) caused by MPP+ can be a priming signal of MPP+ mediated NLRP3 activation, and its mechanism was explored.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	41-56
35085893-2	2022	We hypothesized that the accumulation of Alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) caused by MPP+ can be a priming signal of MPP+ mediated NLRP3 activation, and its mechanism was explored.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	58-67
35085893-2	2022	We hypothesized that the accumulation of Alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) caused by MPP+ can be a priming signal of MPP+ mediated NLRP3 activation, and its mechanism was explored.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	79-83	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	125-130
35216503-10	2022	Consistent with signaling transduction in the mouse striatum, vildagliptin reversed MPP+-induced dephosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	123-126
35216503-10	2022	Consistent with signaling transduction in the mouse striatum, vildagliptin reversed MPP+-induced dephosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	150-153
35216503-10	2022	Consistent with signaling transduction in the mouse striatum, vildagliptin reversed MPP+-induced dephosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and phosphorylation of ERK and JNK in SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	84-88	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	158-161
35093118-5	2022	Our previous study reported that TRPV4 contributed to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the MPP+-induced cell model of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	95-99	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4	Mus musculus	33-38
34967697-6	2022	In this study, we found that SNHG10 was upregulated while miR-1277-5p was downregulated in the Parkinson"s disease cell model of 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine ion (MPP+) induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	161-165	small nucleolar RNA host gene 10	Homo sapiens	29-35
35163393-7	2022	Dividing these values into the different Jmax values for transport of MPP, metformin, and atenolol mediated by MATE1 and OCT2 resulted in calculated TOR values (+-SE, n = 4) of 84.0 +- 22.0 s-1 and 2.9 +- 0.6 s-1; metformin, 461.0 +- 121.0 s-1 and 12.6 +- 2.4 s-1; atenolol, 118.0 +- 31.0 s-1, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-73	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Homo sapiens	111-116
35163393-7	2022	Dividing these values into the different Jmax values for transport of MPP, metformin, and atenolol mediated by MATE1 and OCT2 resulted in calculated TOR values (+-SE, n = 4) of 84.0 +- 22.0 s-1 and 2.9 +- 0.6 s-1; metformin, 461.0 +- 121.0 s-1 and 12.6 +- 2.4 s-1; atenolol, 118.0 +- 31.0 s-1, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	70-73	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	121-125
35111747-7	2021	Also, more cells survived in the overexpression of the miR-409-3p group when SH-SY5Y cells and mice were treated with MPP+ and MPTP, respectively.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	118-122	microRNA 409	Homo sapiens	55-62
34967697-6	2022	In this study, we found that SNHG10 was upregulated while miR-1277-5p was downregulated in the Parkinson"s disease cell model of 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine ion (MPP+) induced SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	161-165	microRNA 1277	Homo sapiens	58-66
34967697-11	2022	In summary, our data indicate that knockdown of SNHG10 mitigates MPP+ induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells via the miR-1277-5p/IRS2 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	small nucleolar RNA host gene 10	Homo sapiens	48-54
34967697-11	2022	In summary, our data indicate that knockdown of SNHG10 mitigates MPP+ induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells via the miR-1277-5p/IRS2 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	microRNA 1277	Homo sapiens	110-118
34967697-11	2022	In summary, our data indicate that knockdown of SNHG10 mitigates MPP+ induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells via the miR-1277-5p/IRS2 axis.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	insulin receptor substrate 2	Homo sapiens	122-126
34967706-11	2022	LncRNA MIAT promoted MPP+-induced neuronal injury in PD via regulating TGF-beta1/Nrf2 axis through binding with miR-221-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	myocardial infarction associated transcript (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	7-11
34967706-11	2022	LncRNA MIAT promoted MPP+-induced neuronal injury in PD via regulating TGF-beta1/Nrf2 axis through binding with miR-221-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	71-80
34967706-11	2022	LncRNA MIAT promoted MPP+-induced neuronal injury in PD via regulating TGF-beta1/Nrf2 axis through binding with miR-221-3p.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	21-25	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	81-85
35113438-3	2022	Our study sought to explore the neuroprotective effect of Gal-1 in 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridine ion (MPP+)-induced cytotoxicity on SH-SY5Y cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	99-103	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
35108712-9	2022	RESULTS: MPP+ treatment greatly downregulated miR-126-5p expression while upregulated SP1 expression in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells in a time- and does-dependent manner.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	microRNA 126	Homo sapiens	46-53
35113438-10	2022	RESULTS: MPP+ induced the production of ROS in cells, which can be alleviated by pretreatment with Gal-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	9-13	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	99-104
35108712-10	2022	Overexpression of miR-126-5p facilitated cell viability, while reduced cell apoptosis and inflammatory responses induced by MPP+ treatment.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	124-128	microRNA 126	Homo sapiens	18-25
35108712-12	2022	Overexpression of SP1 could reverse the effects of miR-126-5p on MPP+-administrated cells.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	65-69	microRNA 126	Homo sapiens	51-58
35113438-11	2022	Gal-1 protected cells from MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by preventing DNA breakage and cell injury.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	27-31	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
35108712-13	2022	CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that miR-126-5p attenuated the neurotoxicity induced by MPP+ in vitro through targeting SP1 (Graphical abstract), which further enhanced our understanding of the pathological mechanism of PD.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	90-94	microRNA 126	Homo sapiens	39-46
35113438-14	2022	Moreover, exposure to MPP+ decreased the locomotor activity of zebrafish, which was attenuated by pretreatment with Gal-1.	mangion-purified polysaccharide (Candida albicans)	22-26	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	116-121