PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
10660603-5	2000	The FRAP kinase inhibitor rapamycin and the DNA repair inhibitor aphidicolin significantly suppressed the UVB-mediated increase in p70 ribosomal S6 kinase activity by 50-65% and MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein levels by 34-68% and 42-88% compared with UVB-irradiated fibroblasts.	Aphidicolin	65-76	ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain containing B	Homo sapiens	131-134
10660603-5	2000	The FRAP kinase inhibitor rapamycin and the DNA repair inhibitor aphidicolin significantly suppressed the UVB-mediated increase in p70 ribosomal S6 kinase activity by 50-65% and MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein levels by 34-68% and 42-88% compared with UVB-irradiated fibroblasts.	Aphidicolin	65-76	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	178-183
10660603-5	2000	The FRAP kinase inhibitor rapamycin and the DNA repair inhibitor aphidicolin significantly suppressed the UVB-mediated increase in p70 ribosomal S6 kinase activity by 50-65% and MMP-1 and MMP-3 protein levels by 34-68% and 42-88% compared with UVB-irradiated fibroblasts.	Aphidicolin	65-76	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Homo sapiens	188-193
11193903-11	2000	NF-kappa B activation was intensified in S-phase and blocked by aphidicolin, suggesting that activation was a result of double-strand break formation due to Topo I poisoning and DNA replication.	Aphidicolin	64-75	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
10536167-7	1999	Inhibition of DNA replication by aphidicolin prevented the accumulation of p53 in S and G2/M but had no effect on its induction in G1 cells.	Aphidicolin	33-44	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	75-78
10536167-9	1999	Thus, the changes observed in S phase cells (nuclear accumulation of p53 preventable by aphidicolin, induction of Bax, apoptosis), triggered by the collisions of DNA replication forks with the CPT-induced lesions, were distinct from the changes in G1 (nuclear p53 accumulation unaffected by aphidicolin, induction of p21WAF1) presumably triggered by collisions of RNA polymerase with the CPT-lesions.	Aphidicolin	88-99	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	69-72
10518113-4	1999	Only granule neurons, however, showed an enhanced expression of both mRNA and protein levels of cyclin D1 in the presence of aphidicolin that completely eliminated non-neuronal cells.	Aphidicolin	125-136	cyclin D1	Rattus norvegicus	96-105
10432313-4	1999	In cells arrested at specific phases of the cell cycle with the drugs mimosine, aphidicolin and nocodazole, maximal Lyn kinase activity occurred in late G(1) and through the G(1)/S transition.	Aphidicolin	80-91	LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	116-119
10490838-9	1999	These results suggest that PARP plays a role in the induction of E2F-1 promoter activity, which then positively regulates both E2F-1 and pol alpha expression, when quiescent cells reenter the cell cycle upon recovery from aphidicolin exposure or removal of serum.	Aphidicolin	222-233	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	27-31
10490838-9	1999	These results suggest that PARP plays a role in the induction of E2F-1 promoter activity, which then positively regulates both E2F-1 and pol alpha expression, when quiescent cells reenter the cell cycle upon recovery from aphidicolin exposure or removal of serum.	Aphidicolin	222-233	E2F transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	65-70
10490838-9	1999	These results suggest that PARP plays a role in the induction of E2F-1 promoter activity, which then positively regulates both E2F-1 and pol alpha expression, when quiescent cells reenter the cell cycle upon recovery from aphidicolin exposure or removal of serum.	Aphidicolin	222-233	polymerase (DNA directed), alpha 1	Mus musculus	137-146
10569475-12	1999	Aphidicolin, which blocks DNA polymerase alpha, inhibited [3H]thymidine uptake in a dose-dependent manner in the group subjected to dynamic fluid pressure as well as in the positive control (treated with 10 ng/ml of transforming growth factor-beta1) and negative control (no added growth factors) groups, confirming that [3H]thymidine measurements represent proliferation and dynamic fluid pressure stimulates DNA synthesis.	Aphidicolin	0-11	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: transforming growth factor beta-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	216-248
10377436-4	1999	In a detailed analysis of the 308-kilobase region between FHIT exon 5 and the telomeric end of intron 3, a region known to encompass a human papillomavirus-16 integration site and two clusters of aphidicolin-induced chromosome 3p14.2 breakpoints, we have precisely mapped 10 deletion and translocation endpoints in cancer-derived cell lines relative to positions of specific repetitive elements, regions of high genome flexibility and aphidicolin-induced breakpoints.	Aphidicolin	196-207	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	58-62
10377436-4	1999	In a detailed analysis of the 308-kilobase region between FHIT exon 5 and the telomeric end of intron 3, a region known to encompass a human papillomavirus-16 integration site and two clusters of aphidicolin-induced chromosome 3p14.2 breakpoints, we have precisely mapped 10 deletion and translocation endpoints in cancer-derived cell lines relative to positions of specific repetitive elements, regions of high genome flexibility and aphidicolin-induced breakpoints.	Aphidicolin	435-446	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	58-62
10342290-6	1999	Aphidicolin is an inhibitor of cellular DNA polymerase alpha, and it halts progression of the cell cycle at the G1/S border or early S phase.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	40-60
9847313-12	1999	In the presence of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, immature foci containing IE-1, LEF-3, and DBP were observed by 8 h p.i.	Aphidicolin	19-30	IE-1	Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus	88-92
10096557-5	1999	Moreover, synchronization of p21 antisense-expressing cells in S-phase by aphidicolin block resulted in a further increase in ara-C-mediated apoptosis, suggesting enhanced drug sensitivity of the S-phase cell fraction.	Aphidicolin	74-85	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	29-32
9949202-1	1999	FRA3B at 3p14.2 is the most active of the common fragile sites in the human genome and is expressed when cells are exposed to the DNA replication inhibitor, aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	157-168	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	0-5
9892108-1	1999	We previously showed that FRA7G, an aphidicolin-inducible common fragile site at 7q31.2, colocalized with the common region of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in a number of different tumors.	Aphidicolin	36-47	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q31.2)	Homo sapiens	26-31
9847313-12	1999	In the presence of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, immature foci containing IE-1, LEF-3, and DBP were observed by 8 h p.i.	Aphidicolin	19-30	LEF-3	Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus	94-99
9653154-2	1998	We cloned a simian virus 40 integration site and showed by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis that the integration event had occurred within a common aphidicolin-induced fragile site on human chromosome 7, FRA7H.	Aphidicolin	158-169	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q32.3)	Homo sapiens	214-219
9755111-7	1998	Furthermore, protection by KGF was completely blocked by 1) genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor; 2) staurosporine and calphostin C, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors; and 3) aphidicolin, butylphenyl dGTP, and 2",3"-dideoxythymidine 5"-triphosphate, inhibitors of DNA polymerase.	Aphidicolin	177-188	fibroblast growth factor 7	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
9699673-6	1998	Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, Fhit was assigned to mouse chromosome band 14A2, in a region that was previously shown to contain an aphidicolin-inducible mouse fragile site.	Aphidicolin	143-154	fragile histidine triad gene	Mus musculus	42-46
9620169-7	1998	In contrast, growth arrest with thymidine or aphidicolin increased susceptibility of A20 and P815 cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	45-56	tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3	Mus musculus	85-88
9601093-9	1998	We demonstrate by FISH analysis of metaphase cells induced with aphidicolin that the rescued DNA is from a region of fragility on Chinese hamster chromosome 2, distal to the DHFR locus.	Aphidicolin	64-75	dihydrofolate reductase	Cricetulus griseus	174-178
9620548-1	1998	FRA7G is an aphidicolin-inducible common fragile site at human chromosomal band 7q31.2.	Aphidicolin	12-23	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q31.2)	Homo sapiens	0-5
9620548-6	1998	FISH-based analysis of these clones reveals that aphidicolin-induced breakage in the FRA7G region occurs over a region of at least 300 Kb in length.	Aphidicolin	49-60	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q31.2)	Homo sapiens	85-90
9530343-2	1998	We wished to determine whether aphidicolin (APC), an inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme DNA polymerase alpha, could be used as a reliable biomarker in identification of DNA repair capacity in unaffected individuals at high risk from breast cancer families.	Aphidicolin	31-42	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	88-108
9559339-1	1998	The FRA3B at 3p14.2 is the most common of the constitutive aphidicolin-inducible fragile sites.	Aphidicolin	59-70	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	4-9
9499431-1	1998	The FRA3B at 3p14.2 is the most highly expressed of the common fragile sites observed when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin or folate stress.	Aphidicolin	123-134	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	4-9
9499431-7	1998	Exposure to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of both DNA polymerase alpha and delta, results in a reproducible delay in the timing of replication, and some cells enter G2without having completed replication of FRA3B sequences.	Aphidicolin	12-23	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	46-66
9499431-7	1998	Exposure to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of both DNA polymerase alpha and delta, results in a reproducible delay in the timing of replication, and some cells enter G2without having completed replication of FRA3B sequences.	Aphidicolin	12-23	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	203-208
9499438-8	1998	The elevation of p53 protein levels in MCF-7 cells treated with CPT was significantly inhibited by preincubation with DNA breaks inhibitor aphidicolin, while the elevation of p21WAF1/CIP1 protein levels was not inhibited.	Aphidicolin	139-150	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	17-20
9568722-3	1998	The DNA synthesis profile was strikingly similar to that shown by WISH cells released from growth arrest by the G1/S phase inhibitor, aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	134-145	NCK interacting protein with SH3 domain	Homo sapiens	66-70
9637237-9	1998	Aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha/delta/epsilon.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	29-64
9802062-5	1998	The cell lines were exposed to CPT in the presence or absence of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha, delta or epsilon.	Aphidicolin	65-76	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	94-133
9455920-8	1997	Treatment of K562 cells with erythropoietin (EPO) or with aphidicolin (APH), an inhibitor for DNA polymerase alpha, induced an erythroid phenotype and led to the externalization of cytosolic GAL1 which was then bound to ligands on cell surface in a galactoside-inhibitable fashion.	Aphidicolin	58-69	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	94-114
9455920-8	1997	Treatment of K562 cells with erythropoietin (EPO) or with aphidicolin (APH), an inhibitor for DNA polymerase alpha, induced an erythroid phenotype and led to the externalization of cytosolic GAL1 which was then bound to ligands on cell surface in a galactoside-inhibitable fashion.	Aphidicolin	58-69	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
9389932-11	1997	The first is specific for S-phase cells, is reversed by aphidicolin and induces PARP activity.	Aphidicolin	56-67	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
9311875-10	1997	The DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin could block both apoptosis and protein synthesis shutdown in Ld652Y cells infected with p35 mutant AcMNPVs but not the protein synthesis shutdown in wild-type AcMNPV-infected Ld652Y cells.	Aphidicolin	28-39	interleukin 12A	Homo sapiens	128-131
9178887-2	1997	We have localized aphidicolin-induced breakpoints to two distinct clusters, separated by 200 Kb, in FRA3B (Paradee et al., 1996).	Aphidicolin	18-29	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	100-105
9169152-0	1997	Aphidicolin-induced FRA3B breakpoints cluster in two distinct regions.	Aphidicolin	0-11	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	20-25
9169152-3	1997	We previously used aphidicolin induction of FRA3B expression in a chromosome 3-only somatic cell hybrid to generate a series of hybrids with breakpoints in the 3p14.2 region.	Aphidicolin	19-30	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	44-49
9057979-2	1997	The strand breaks were detected by an alkaline elution method with the use of inhibitors of DNA polymerase, aphidicolin (aph) and 2",3"-dideoxythymidine (ddT); the former inhibits DNA polymerases alpha, delta and epsilon, and the latter inhibits DNA polymerase beta.	Aphidicolin	108-119	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	180-265
9045922-7	1997	Finally cells stimulated in the presence of the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin did not enter into S phase of the cell cycle but secreted IL-2 and underwent apoptosis when exposed to mAb90 or YTH862.	Aphidicolin	73-84	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
8860956-4	1996	The DNA damage induced by the exposure to PQ alone was different from that by DMAA; PQ-induced damage was fully repaired after 24 h, while DMAA-induced damage was repaired only partially, and aphidicolin, an inhibitor of repair-serving DNA polymerases alpha, delta and/or epsilon, inhibited only the latter repair but not the former.	Aphidicolin	192-203	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	236-279
9016770-2	1997	This polymerase shared some common properties with DNA polymerase epsilon from mammals and yeast as follows; it has a preference for poly(dA)/oligo(dT) as a template/primer, it is highly processive in DNA synthesis, it co-fractionates with 3"-5" exonuclease activity, it is sensitive to aphidicolin and is resistance to ddTTP.	Aphidicolin	287-298	DNA polymerase epsilon 255kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	51-73
9053318-4	1997	The cultured corneal cells can transdifferentiate into lens fibers in the presence of aFGF when DNA replication and cell proliferation are prevented by addition of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase in eukaryotes, to the culture medium.	Aphidicolin	164-175	fibroblast growth factor 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	86-90
8895733-8	1996	Treatment with the DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin only minimally affected the cytotoxicity of flavopiridol.	Aphidicolin	43-54	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	19-42
8892911-2	1996	An analysis of EBNA-LP migration on polyacrylamide gels was performed with protein derived from the X50-7 lymphoblastoid cell line blocked by hydroxyurea or aphidicolin at the G1/S phase of the cell cycle or by nocodazole at the G2/M phase.	Aphidicolin	157-168	EBNA-LP	Human gammaherpesvirus 4	15-22
8840989-6	1996	That the DNA replication process is prerequisite for DNA double strand breaks was indicated by the following: (a) DNA damage occurred only when cells treated with ZD1694 progressed through S phase; and (b) the inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by aphidicolin-blocked DNA damage.	Aphidicolin	248-259	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	224-244
8871556-9	1996	An inhibitor of Polbeta, ddCTP, decreased base excision repair in crude extracts by approximately 50%, whereas the Polalpha/delta/epsilon inhibitor, aphidicolin, reduced the reaction by approximately 20%.	Aphidicolin	149-160	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	115-123
8800198-5	1996	To assess the role of S phase progression in radiosensitization, we exposed FdUrd-treated cells to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, prior to irradiation.	Aphidicolin	99-110	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	128-148
8661108-0	1996	A 350-kb cosmid contig in 3p14.2 that crosses the t(3;8) hereditary renal cell carcinoma translocation breakpoint and 17 aphidicolin-induced FRA3B breakpoints.	Aphidicolin	121-132	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	141-146
8660826-8	1996	In contrast, treatment of TCR-religated cells with reagents that blocked cell cycle progression in S phase (aphidicolin, deferoxamine) after TCR religation failed to prevent apoptotic cell death.	Aphidicolin	108-119	T cell receptor beta variable 20/OR9-2 (non-functional)	Homo sapiens	26-29
8662731-7	1996	Repair is inhibited by aphidicolin at concentrations specific for blocking DNA polymerase alpha and dideoxynucleotide triphosphates at concentrations specific for inhibiting DNA polymerase beta.	Aphidicolin	23-34	polymerase (DNA directed), beta S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	174-193
8813556-9	1996	In addition, the acquired resistance and enhanced DNA repair in HOB1/VCR cells were partially reversed by nontoxic aphidicolin, a DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA repair inhibitor.	Aphidicolin	115-126	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	130-150
8622946-0	1996	Inhibition of apoptosis by overexpressing Bcl-2 enhances gene amplification by a mechanism independent of aphidicolin pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	106-117	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	42-47
8622946-6	1996	When Bcl-2-expressing cells were pretreated with aphidicolin, the resulting increase in gene amplification frequency was approximately the product of the increases caused by aphidicolin pretreatment or Bcl-2 expression alone, indicating that Bcl-2 increases gene amplification through a mechanism independent of that of aphidicolin pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	49-60	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	5-10
8622946-6	1996	When Bcl-2-expressing cells were pretreated with aphidicolin, the resulting increase in gene amplification frequency was approximately the product of the increases caused by aphidicolin pretreatment or Bcl-2 expression alone, indicating that Bcl-2 increases gene amplification through a mechanism independent of that of aphidicolin pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	49-60	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	202-207
8622946-6	1996	When Bcl-2-expressing cells were pretreated with aphidicolin, the resulting increase in gene amplification frequency was approximately the product of the increases caused by aphidicolin pretreatment or Bcl-2 expression alone, indicating that Bcl-2 increases gene amplification through a mechanism independent of that of aphidicolin pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	49-60	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	202-207
8622946-6	1996	When Bcl-2-expressing cells were pretreated with aphidicolin, the resulting increase in gene amplification frequency was approximately the product of the increases caused by aphidicolin pretreatment or Bcl-2 expression alone, indicating that Bcl-2 increases gene amplification through a mechanism independent of that of aphidicolin pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	174-185	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	5-10
8622946-6	1996	When Bcl-2-expressing cells were pretreated with aphidicolin, the resulting increase in gene amplification frequency was approximately the product of the increases caused by aphidicolin pretreatment or Bcl-2 expression alone, indicating that Bcl-2 increases gene amplification through a mechanism independent of that of aphidicolin pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	174-185	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	5-10
8631492-6	1996	The first round of DNA replication seems critical for eIF-4C expression, since addition of aphidicolin prior to S phase in the 1-cell embryo inhibits the magnitude of the increase in eIF-4C expression.	Aphidicolin	91-102	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-linked	Mus musculus	183-189
8631492-8	1996	Incubating late 1-cell/early 2-cell embryos in medium containing aphidicolin reveals that the second round of DNA replication is not required for the increase in eIF-4C expression but DNA replication is required for the decrease in both eIF-4C expression and TRC synthesis.	Aphidicolin	65-76	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-linked	Mus musculus	237-243
8824874-1	1996	The common fragile site at 3p14.2 (FRA3B) is the most sensitive site on normal human chromosomes for the formation of gaps and breaks when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin or folate stress.	Aphidicolin	171-182	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	35-40
8629814-6	1995	Aphidicolin (DNA synthesis inhibitor) was studied as a model compound.	Aphidicolin	0-11	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	13-36
8646799-7	1996	Furthermore, a component of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, DNA polymerase alpha, was investigated using the competitive inhibitor aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	145-156	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	74-94
8825452-5	1996	The activity was markedly inhibited by aphidicolin which is an inhibitor of mammalian DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon and also by N-ethylmaleimide which is an inhibitor of DNA polymerases, alpha, gamma, delta and epsilon.	Aphidicolin	39-50	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	86-107
8825452-5	1996	The activity was markedly inhibited by aphidicolin which is an inhibitor of mammalian DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon and also by N-ethylmaleimide which is an inhibitor of DNA polymerases, alpha, gamma, delta and epsilon.	Aphidicolin	39-50	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	182-230
8532840-5	1996	On the other hand, PCNA staining persisted during aphidicolin treatment even 20 h after X irradiation.	Aphidicolin	50-61	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	19-23
7585531-8	1995	Therefore, with aphidicolin treatment, cells were committed to the death program upstream of the point of Bcl-2 action.	Aphidicolin	16-27	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	106-111
7478586-6	1995	In contrast, various preparations (14 out of 17) of normal human tonsilar B cells showed no significant apoptosis, although both TGF beta 1 and aphidicolin inhibited anti-mu/IL-4 induced DNA synthesis in all preparations.	Aphidicolin	144-155	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	174-178
7544641-7	1995	In the presence of mitotic inhibitors (nocodazole or aphidicolin), SLF promoted the survival of CCE-27 progenitor cells that respond to the combination of SLF plus IL-3 in vitro and STRCs and LTRCs that are detected in vivo.	Aphidicolin	53-64	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	67-70
7544641-7	1995	In the presence of mitotic inhibitors (nocodazole or aphidicolin), SLF promoted the survival of CCE-27 progenitor cells that respond to the combination of SLF plus IL-3 in vitro and STRCs and LTRCs that are detected in vivo.	Aphidicolin	53-64	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	155-158
7544641-7	1995	In the presence of mitotic inhibitors (nocodazole or aphidicolin), SLF promoted the survival of CCE-27 progenitor cells that respond to the combination of SLF plus IL-3 in vitro and STRCs and LTRCs that are detected in vivo.	Aphidicolin	53-64	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	164-168
7564475-0	1995	Augmentation by aphidicolin of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced c-jun and NF-kappa B activation in a human myeloid leukemia cell line: correlation with apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	16-27	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	73-78
7564475-0	1995	Augmentation by aphidicolin of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced c-jun and NF-kappa B activation in a human myeloid leukemia cell line: correlation with apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	16-27	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	83-93
7564475-3	1995	Although aphidicolin itself had a marginal effect on c-jun expression, it significantly augmented ara-C induced c-jun upregulation by shortening the lag time and lowering ara-C concentrations necessary for the induction of detectable c-jun transcripts.	Aphidicolin	9-20	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	112-117
7629160-3	1995	Based on growth arrest experiments using aphidicolin, it is apparent that TNF-alpha acted in early G1 phase.	Aphidicolin	41-52	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	74-83
7564475-3	1995	Although aphidicolin itself had a marginal effect on c-jun expression, it significantly augmented ara-C induced c-jun upregulation by shortening the lag time and lowering ara-C concentrations necessary for the induction of detectable c-jun transcripts.	Aphidicolin	9-20	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	112-117
7564475-4	1995	Aphidicolin and ara-C acted synergistically to increase NF-kappa B DNA binding activity as determined by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.	Aphidicolin	0-11	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	56-66
7564475-6	1995	Thus, the activation of NF-kappa B and c-jun expression seems to be well correlated with the potentiation by aphidicolin of ara-C-induced apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	109-120	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	24-34
7564475-6	1995	Thus, the activation of NF-kappa B and c-jun expression seems to be well correlated with the potentiation by aphidicolin of ara-C-induced apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	109-120	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	39-44
7558007-3	1995	We have previously described induction of breakage around FRA3B using aphidicolin in a somatic cell hybrid whose only human component was a single intact chromosome 3.	Aphidicolin	70-81	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	58-63
7724587-4	1995	By performing a double aphidicolin block for cell cycle synchronization, we currently demonstrate that the subcellular localization of BCR shifts from being largely cytoplasmic in interphase cells to being predominantly perichromosomal in mitosis.	Aphidicolin	23-34	BCR activator of RhoGEF and GTPase	Homo sapiens	135-138
7615688-6	1995	Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the failure of gap junctional coupling after aphidicolin treatment in the 2-cell stage is correlated with the failure of nascent connexin43 to be inserted into plasma membranes.	Aphidicolin	85-96	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Mus musculus	169-179
7745624-7	1995	Both oligodendroglial differentiation and DNA nicking are induced in basic FGF-treated cultures by inhibiting DNA synthesis with aphidicholin or excess thymidine, thus suggesting a close linkage between the anti-apoptotic, anti-differentiation, and mitogenic effects of basic FGF on the oligodendroglial lineage.	Aphidicolin	129-141	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-78
7787246-4	1995	However, at threshold concentrations, a Cdc2/cyclin B complex containing a mutant Cdc2 subunit that cannot be phosphorylated on either tyrosine 15 or threonine 14 displays a markedly reduced capacity to induce mitosis in the presence of aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	237-248	cyclin-dependent kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	40-44
7787246-4	1995	However, at threshold concentrations, a Cdc2/cyclin B complex containing a mutant Cdc2 subunit that cannot be phosphorylated on either tyrosine 15 or threonine 14 displays a markedly reduced capacity to induce mitosis in the presence of aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	237-248	cyclin-dependent kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	82-86
7812949-4	1995	The DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin abrogates camptothecin-induced changes in cyclin B1/Cdc2 kinase activity, indicating that DNA replication-induced DNA damage is essential for both Cdc2 alterations and apoptosis activation.	Aphidicolin	29-40	cyclin B1	Homo sapiens	83-92
7812949-4	1995	The DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin abrogates camptothecin-induced changes in cyclin B1/Cdc2 kinase activity, indicating that DNA replication-induced DNA damage is essential for both Cdc2 alterations and apoptosis activation.	Aphidicolin	29-40	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
7812949-4	1995	The DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin abrogates camptothecin-induced changes in cyclin B1/Cdc2 kinase activity, indicating that DNA replication-induced DNA damage is essential for both Cdc2 alterations and apoptosis activation.	Aphidicolin	29-40	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
7824271-5	1995	Down-regulation of c-myc was an early event occurring after less than 1 day of treatment with NGF + aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	100-111	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	19-24
7824271-6	1995	Upregulation of the trkA and low-affinity NGF receptors (LNGFR) occurred after 3 days of NGF + aphidicolin treatment and required treatment with both NGF and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	95-106	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
7824271-6	1995	Upregulation of the trkA and low-affinity NGF receptors (LNGFR) occurred after 3 days of NGF + aphidicolin treatment and required treatment with both NGF and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	158-169	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
7529174-9	1994	Treatment of MDM with aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and delta which arrests cells in G1/S phase of the cell cycle, also inhibited DNA synthesis but did not prevent establishment of productive infection which is completely analogous to observations in T cells.	Aphidicolin	22-33	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	59-79
7828276-3	1995	CA3 and CK2 cells were sensitive to amphotericin B, and resistant to cyclosporin A and aphidicolin, compared with their parental cells.	Aphidicolin	87-98	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
7828276-7	1995	Cisplatin toxicity was increased by aphidicolin: 1.5-fold in HEp2 cells, 2-fold in CA3 cells, and 1.9-fold in CK2 cells.	Aphidicolin	36-47	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	83-86
7828276-8	1995	Therefore, the resistance to cisplatin in human larynx carcinoma CA3 and CK2 cells can be partially reversed by amphotericin B and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	131-142	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	65-68
7533524-9	1994	In addition, the positioning of separate 3p14.2 aphidicolin-induced breakpoints suggests that FRA3B may represent a region rather than a single site.	Aphidicolin	48-59	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	94-99
7872659-6	1994	Both IMR/CP.20 and SK/CP.15 lines were cross-resistant to aphidicolin and to L-phenylalanine mustard.	Aphidicolin	58-69	lymphocyte cytosolic protein, molecular weight 20kD	Homo sapiens	9-14
7848926-8	1994	In contrast, in non-contacting cycling cells or in cells arrested by aphidicolin, Cx43 expression was higher than in confluent cells.	Aphidicolin	69-80	gap junction protein, alpha 1	Mus musculus	82-86
7806217-2	1994	The common fragile site at 3p14.2 (FRA3B) is the most sensitive site on normal human chromosomes to breakage when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin or folate stress.	Aphidicolin	146-157	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	35-40
7523194-6	1994	A comparison of the effects of aphidicolin, oryzalin and olomoucine suggests that in the Arabidopsis cell suspension culture, a cdc2/cdk2-like kinase is activated at a restriction point in late G1.	Aphidicolin	31-42	cell division control 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	128-132
7523194-6	1994	A comparison of the effects of aphidicolin, oryzalin and olomoucine suggests that in the Arabidopsis cell suspension culture, a cdc2/cdk2-like kinase is activated at a restriction point in late G1.	Aphidicolin	31-42	cell division control 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-137
7918625-1	1994	DNA polymerases involved in ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA repair were studied in human fibroblasts using the inhibitors of DNA polymerases, aphidicolin which inhibits DNA polymerases alpha, delta and epsilon, and butylphenyldeoxyguanosine (BuPGdR) which inhibits DNA polymerase alpha strongly and weakly inhibits delta and epsilon.	Aphidicolin	139-150	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	166-246
7937793-7	1994	Cells arrested in G2 phase following nitrogen mustard treatment or cells arrested in S phase with aphidicolin failed to dephosphorylate and activate cdc2, and this correlated with failure to convert cdc25C into the most active hyperphosphorylated species.	Aphidicolin	98-109	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
7937793-7	1994	Cells arrested in G2 phase following nitrogen mustard treatment or cells arrested in S phase with aphidicolin failed to dephosphorylate and activate cdc2, and this correlated with failure to convert cdc25C into the most active hyperphosphorylated species.	Aphidicolin	98-109	cell division cycle 25C	Homo sapiens	199-205
7805758-11	1994	Furthermore, the acquired resistance in HeLa cells was partially reversed by nontoxic aphidicolin, a DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA repair inhibitor.	Aphidicolin	86-97	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	101-121
7806217-6	1994	FISH analysis was used to order the YACs and to map them in relation both to the t(3;8) translocation breakpoint and to FRA3B induced on normal chromosomes by treatment with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	174-185	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	120-125
8208624-5	1994	PC3 cells synchronized with serum deprivation or aphidicolin exhibited significant decreases in DNA synthesis when treated with 1 microM 4-HPR.	Aphidicolin	49-60	haptoglobin-related protein	Homo sapiens	139-142
8261433-6	1994	Analysis of cell cycle distribution in aphidicolin-synchronized SSR1-positive NB cells indicated that this inhibitory effect is partially mediated by a transient accumulation in G0-G1.	Aphidicolin	39-50	signal sequence receptor subunit 1	Homo sapiens	64-68
8137287-4	1994	This effect was abolished by cotreatment with the DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	81-92	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	50-70
8359227-3	1993	On the other hand, aphidicolin, which is a potent inhibitor of DNA replication, inhibited GP IIb/IIIa or IIIa expression, but induced the expression of erythroid phenotypes.	Aphidicolin	19-30	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	90-96
8254211-15	1994	These results were confirmed by cell cycle blockade studies with aphidicolin and nocodazole wherein TTK protein levels are not detected in cells in G1 and are readily detectable in cells in the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	65-76	TTK protein kinase	Homo sapiens	100-103
8267640-1	1993	We investigated the effect of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and delta, on the induction of apoptosis by arabinosyl nucleosides in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60.	Aphidicolin	30-41	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	59-79
8247533-6	1993	Agents that produced double-strand breaks in DNA and/or inhibition of transcription caused an induction of p53 in the absence of radiation in control cells but not in ataxia-telangiectasia, but inhibitors of cell cycle progression such as mimosine and aphidicolin led to an increase in p53 in both cell types in the absence of radiation.	Aphidicolin	252-263	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	107-110
8246219-2	1993	Modeling studies indicated that the bicyclooctane C, D rings of aphidicolin could be replaced by an aromatic moiety while maintaining the spatial arrangement of the hydroxyl group equivalent to the essential C18 hydroxyl group of aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	64-75	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	208-211
8246219-2	1993	Modeling studies indicated that the bicyclooctane C, D rings of aphidicolin could be replaced by an aromatic moiety while maintaining the spatial arrangement of the hydroxyl group equivalent to the essential C18 hydroxyl group of aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	230-241	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	208-211
18613241-7	1993	Also, when cell cycle progression was stopped at the S phase by addition of aphidicolin, beta-galactosidase content in single cells was higher than that in exponential phase or plateau phase cells and increased with increasing culture time.	Aphidicolin	76-87	beta-galactosidase	Cricetulus griseus	89-107
8376804-7	1993	Aphidicolin inhibited repair and consistently sensitized to TNF cytotoxicity, decreasing the ID50 for TNF at least 10- to 50-fold.	Aphidicolin	0-11	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	60-63
8376804-7	1993	Aphidicolin inhibited repair and consistently sensitized to TNF cytotoxicity, decreasing the ID50 for TNF at least 10- to 50-fold.	Aphidicolin	0-11	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	102-105
8376804-10	1993	In targets sensitized with aphidicolin, TNF-induced strand breakage was accelerated, being detected by 4 h of culture in the sucrose gradient assay.	Aphidicolin	27-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	40-43
8359227-8	1993	However, when either GM-CSF or IL-3 was depleted from the culture medium, TF1 ceased cell growth; concomitantly, hemoglobin-positive cells appeared, which is consistent with the results obtained with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	200-211	interleukin 3	Homo sapiens	31-35
8506318-10	1993	The repair is aphidicolin and N-ethylmaleimide resistant, suggesting a repair action by DNA polymerase beta.	Aphidicolin	14-25	DNA polymerase beta	Gallus gallus	88-107
7688082-1	1993	We have used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based exon screening assay to determine the spectrum of spontaneous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene mutations occurring in an aphidicolin-resistant V79 Chinese hamster cell line (designated Aphr-4-2) that contains a mutant DNA polymerase-alpha and displays a spontaneous mutator phenotype.	Aphidicolin	192-203	hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase	Cricetulus griseus	115-153
7688082-1	1993	We have used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based exon screening assay to determine the spectrum of spontaneous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene mutations occurring in an aphidicolin-resistant V79 Chinese hamster cell line (designated Aphr-4-2) that contains a mutant DNA polymerase-alpha and displays a spontaneous mutator phenotype.	Aphidicolin	192-203	hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase	Cricetulus griseus	155-159
8097600-11	1993	Also, BaP (10(-7) to 10(-6) M) decreased the percentages of G0/G1 cells that were positive for the intracellular activation antigen PCNA (or Ki-67), but had no affect on this percentage if cells were prevented from traversing S phase by mimosine or aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	249-260	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	6-9
1483268-1	1992	Aphidicolin is a tetracyclic diterpene antibiotic which is known to inhibit the growth of eucaryotic cells by reversible binding to DNA polymerase alpha without significant effect on cell viability in most common human cell lines.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	132-152
1478670-4	1992	The aphidicolin-induced breaks were localized to 3p21.1 in hybrid AR1 and to p14.1 in hybrid AR2.	Aphidicolin	4-15	transcription factor 20	Homo sapiens	66-69
1360647-4	1992	Two types of DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase delta and DNA polymerase alpha, were distinguished by: 1. copurification of DNA primase or 3"-5"exonuclease activities; 2. immunoblot analysis with alpha-specific polyclonal antisera; 3. sensitivity to aphidicolin and BuPdGTP; and 4. processivity measurements with and without Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen.	Aphidicolin	246-257	DNA polymerase alpha 73kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	54-74
1413523-0	1992	African swine fever virus-induced DNA polymerase is resistant to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	65-76	DNA polymerase	African swine fever virus	34-48
1413523-4	1992	The resistance of ASFV DNA polymerase to aphidicolin was confirmed by analyzing the effect of the drug on viral DNA synthesis.	Aphidicolin	41-52	DNA polymerase	African swine fever virus	23-37
1576158-3	1992	Unlike mammalian DNA polymerase alpha, but similar to the predominant DNA polymerase isolated from the related lower eukaryotic organisms, Trypanosoma cruzi and Crithidia fasciculata, the leishmanial DNA polymerase A is resistant to inhibition by aphidicolin, a potent inhibitor of DNA replication in mammalian cells and of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	247-258	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	200-216
1390903-4	1992	Cells arrested in late G1 by aphidicolin have abundant p58cyclin A and phosphorylated p34cdc2.	Aphidicolin	29-40	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	86-93
1517236-11	1992	Moreover, the increased phosphorylation of cdk2 in aphidicolin-blocked extracts and the ability of cdc25 to mediate cdk2 dephosphorylation in vitro suggest the possibility that cdk2 is part of the mechanism ensuring mitosis is not initiated until completion of DNA replication.	Aphidicolin	51-62	cyclin-dependent kinase 2 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	43-47
1356133-5	1992	Incubation of UV-C-irradiated cells with the DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin causes accumulation of incomplete repair sites to a level readily detected by SCGE even after doses as low as 0.5 J m-2 and incubation for as little as 5 min.	Aphidicolin	69-80	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	45-68
1322286-7	1992	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase-alpha which is associated with DNA replication, dramatically inhibited TNF alpha-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation in both young and aged cells; this suggested that the effect of TNF alpha on FRTL-5 cell growth is related to DNA replication, rather than DNA repair.	Aphidicolin	0-11	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	123-132
1322286-7	1992	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase-alpha which is associated with DNA replication, dramatically inhibited TNF alpha-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation in both young and aged cells; this suggested that the effect of TNF alpha on FRTL-5 cell growth is related to DNA replication, rather than DNA repair.	Aphidicolin	0-11	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	233-242
1392080-7	1992	Furthermore, the addition of okadaic acid to egg extracts arrested in S-phase by aphidicolin causes phosphorylation and activation of the cdc25 protein before cyclin B/cdc2 kinase activation.	Aphidicolin	81-92	cell division cycle 25C L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	138-143
1392080-7	1992	Furthermore, the addition of okadaic acid to egg extracts arrested in S-phase by aphidicolin causes phosphorylation and activation of the cdc25 protein before cyclin B/cdc2 kinase activation.	Aphidicolin	81-92	cyclin-dependent kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	138-142
1315927-2	1992	Inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by addition of aphidicolin or monoclonal antibodies prevented DNA synthesis, confirming the requirement for this enzyme in replication.	Aphidicolin	50-61	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	14-34
1933864-8	1991	In contrast to senescent and low serum-arrested cells, cdc2 mRNA was expressed at normal levels in cells partially growth arrested by isoleucine deficiency in G1, by aphidicolin at G1-S, by etoposide in G2, or by Colcemid in the M phase of the cell cycle, indicating that cdc2 down-regulation does not always occur upon growth arrest.	Aphidicolin	166-177	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
1351906-1	1992	The effect of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta, was studied on DNA synthesis, PLD-recovery and DNA double-strand break rejoining in X-irradiated human fibroblasts.	Aphidicolin	14-25	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	114-117
1351906-6	1992	Aphidicolin pretreated and irradiated cells showed a reduction in PLD-recovery, dependent on aphidicolin concentration and duration of pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	0-11	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	66-69
1351906-6	1992	Aphidicolin pretreated and irradiated cells showed a reduction in PLD-recovery, dependent on aphidicolin concentration and duration of pretreatment.	Aphidicolin	93-104	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	66-69
1573280-2	1992	[3H]dTTP incorporation in isolated nuclei was shown to be representative of replicative DNA synthesis by evidence that (i) incorporation was dependent on ATP and all four nucleoside precursors, (ii) incorporation was inhibited greater than 97% by aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and delta, and (iii) the DNase I-sensitive product banded in neutral CsCl at a density indicative of replicative DNA.	Aphidicolin	247-258	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	284-304
1730779-4	1992	Their time courses were similar to those by epidermal growth factor (EGF) with about a 15 h lag period and a peak period of 24-48 h. This action of TNF was abrogated by DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor, aphidicolin and blocked specifically by anti-TNF antibody.	Aphidicolin	201-212	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	148-151
1742484-0	1991	Aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA replication, blocks the TPA-induced differentiation of a human megakaryoblastic cell line, MEG-O1.	Aphidicolin	0-11	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4	Homo sapiens	124-127
1742484-9	1991	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, completely inhibited the differentiation induction of MEG-O1 cells with TPA measured by either GP IIb/IIIa expression or multinuclear cell formation.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	37-57
1742484-9	1991	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, completely inhibited the differentiation induction of MEG-O1 cells with TPA measured by either GP IIb/IIIa expression or multinuclear cell formation.	Aphidicolin	0-11	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4	Homo sapiens	113-116
1742484-9	1991	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, completely inhibited the differentiation induction of MEG-O1 cells with TPA measured by either GP IIb/IIIa expression or multinuclear cell formation.	Aphidicolin	0-11	integrin subunit alpha 2b	Homo sapiens	154-160
1753100-7	1991	DNA repair synthesis in normal monocytes is blocked by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase-alpha with respect to dCTP.	Aphidicolin	55-66	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	84-104
1753100-12	1991	The unexpected toxicity of aphidicolin toward normal human monocytes may be attributable to their high rate of spontaneous DNA strand break formation, to the importance of DNA polymerase-alpha for DNA repair in these cells, and to their minute dCTP pools.	Aphidicolin	27-38	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	172-192
1724341-5	1991	However, pretreatment with aphidicolin (3 x 10(-5) M), a potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis, blocked the effect of acid FGF and diminished the effect of bFGF.	Aphidicolin	27-38	fibroblast growth factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
1935798-9	1991	The ability of IL-1 alpha to increase CDP in the presence of cortisol was the same in the presence or absence of indomethacin, an inhibitor of PGE2 synthesis, or aphidicholin (30 microM), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, indicating that the reversal was neither PG mediated nor dependent on cell proliferation.	Aphidicolin	162-174	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	15-25
1761163-11	1991	Similarly, in cells synchronized to progress through S and G2 phases following aphidicolin treatment, histone H1 gene expression showed a specific increase in S phase cells, whereas PRL and GH mRNA levels changed little with cell cycle progression.	Aphidicolin	79-90	H1.0 linker histone	Rattus norvegicus	102-112
1761163-11	1991	Similarly, in cells synchronized to progress through S and G2 phases following aphidicolin treatment, histone H1 gene expression showed a specific increase in S phase cells, whereas PRL and GH mRNA levels changed little with cell cycle progression.	Aphidicolin	79-90	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	182-185
1761163-11	1991	Similarly, in cells synchronized to progress through S and G2 phases following aphidicolin treatment, histone H1 gene expression showed a specific increase in S phase cells, whereas PRL and GH mRNA levels changed little with cell cycle progression.	Aphidicolin	79-90	gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor	Rattus norvegicus	190-192
1657184-10	1991	Replication of the ors plasmids was not inhibited by ddTTP, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta and gamma, and was sensitive to aphidicolin indicating that DNA polymerase alpha and/or delta was responsible for DNA synthesis.	Aphidicolin	128-139	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	156-176
1805794-2	1991	Like mammalian DNA polymerase beta the protozoan enzyme is of low molecular weight (40,000), has a broad pH range, and is resistant to inhibition by N-ethylmaleimide and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	170-181	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	15-34
1709825-7	1991	However, aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha inhibited cell proliferation to the same extent as pentoxifylline, but had no effect on IL-2R expression, indicating that inhibition of cell proliferation does not necessarily lead to inhibition of IL-2R expression.	Aphidicolin	9-20	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	38-58
1944347-2	1991	Post-treatment of lymphocytes irradiated in G0 with the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, which is effective against both pol alpha and pol delta, produces a similar increase in ring and dicentric yield.	Aphidicolin	81-92	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	126-135
1907257-4	1991	Combinations containing inhibitors of DNA polymerase (ara-C, aphidicolin) or these inhibitors and hydroxyurea inhibited DNA repair in A2780/PAM and A549 cells.	Aphidicolin	61-72	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	140-143
1906503-7	1991	In the presence of aphidicolin, Rb phosphorylation and p53 production proceeded normally whereas cyclosporin A inhibited both events.	Aphidicolin	19-30	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	55-58
2071606-5	1991	We have also quantitated TPI mRNA throughout the cell cycle following cell synchronization with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	96-107	triosephosphate isomerase 1	Homo sapiens	25-28
1905242-1	1991	The DNA polymerase-alpha of Plasmodium falciparum was characterized according to aphidicolin sensitivity and immunological reactivity with monoclonal anti-sera against human DNA polymerase-alpha.	Aphidicolin	81-92	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	4-24
1905143-2	1991	The sensitivity of repair synthesis to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta, was determined in growth phase and confluent normal human fibroblasts (AG1518) using several techniques.	Aphidicolin	39-50	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	68-89
1902790-8	1991	When an inhibitor of DNA synthesis, aphidicolin, was added to the cells at the G1 phase, an increase in the level of PCNA mRNA was observed.	Aphidicolin	36-47	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	117-121
1706219-9	1991	The effects of ara-CTP and aphidicolin on these enzymes were opposite those seen with Fara-ATP, since 50% inhibitory concentrations of either ara-CTP or aphidicolin for DNA polymerases alpha/delta did not inhibit polydeoxythymidylate primase activity.	Aphidicolin	27-38	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	169-190
1706219-9	1991	The effects of ara-CTP and aphidicolin on these enzymes were opposite those seen with Fara-ATP, since 50% inhibitory concentrations of either ara-CTP or aphidicolin for DNA polymerases alpha/delta did not inhibit polydeoxythymidylate primase activity.	Aphidicolin	153-164	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	169-190
1900227-2	1991	Ciclopirox olamine, an antifungal agent, and the compound Hoechst 768159 reversibly block the cell cycle at a point occurring roughly 1 h before the arrest mediated by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha activity, which acts in early S phase.	Aphidicolin	168-179	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	197-217
1995629-10	1991	Aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilom, inhibits both semiconservative replication and repair synthesis in the extract.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	29-50
1903085-3	1991	Typically over 98% of the total DNA synthesized in the matrix fraction on either endogenous matrix-associated DNA or activated calf thymus DNA was due to DNA polymerase alpha as defined by inhibition to n-ethylmaleimide or aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	223-234	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	154-174
1905189-1	1991	DNA repair synthesis induced by methyl methanesulfonate in preconditioned HeLa cells in which DNA replicative synthesis had been highly suppressed was inhibited by aphidicolin (an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta) and dideoxythymidine (ddThR, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta).	Aphidicolin	164-175	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	193-224
1905189-1	1991	DNA repair synthesis induced by methyl methanesulfonate in preconditioned HeLa cells in which DNA replicative synthesis had been highly suppressed was inhibited by aphidicolin (an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta) and dideoxythymidine (ddThR, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta).	Aphidicolin	164-175	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	271-290
1903691-2	1991	These results were obtained by using flow cytometric analysis of DNA content to compare the effects of mimosine on cell cycle traverse with those of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha activity.	Aphidicolin	149-160	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	178-198
1905567-6	1991	In the presence of aphidicolin, alpha-amanitin, and actinomycin D, positive cells for N-myc gene product decreased markedly.	Aphidicolin	19-30	MYCN proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Homo sapiens	86-91
1900132-1	1991	One variant, aphhs-3 was previously isolated based on a hypersensitivity to nontoxic concentrations of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerases-alpha and delta.	Aphidicolin	103-114	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	140-161
2175436-6	1990	We conclude that DNA polymerase alpha (and/or delta) is required because repair is inhibited by antibodies to human DNA polymerase alpha, as well as by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of polymerases alpha (and/or delta).	Aphidicolin	152-163	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	17-37
2128488-9	1990	The effects of aphidicolin, NEM, ddTTP, BuPdGTP, and DMSO on the enzyme activity showed that the purified enzyme was DNA polymerase alpha, but not DNA polymerase beta, gamma, or delta.	Aphidicolin	15-26	DNA polymerase alpha 50kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	117-137
1700789-11	1990	Moreover, TNF induced cell-cycle progression through S-phase, as measured by aphidicolin-sensitive thymidine uptake.	Aphidicolin	77-88	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	10-13
2121512-1	1990	To analyze the relationship between differentiation and DNA replication, the effect of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor for DNA polymerase alpha, was measured with respect to erythroid differentiation and activities of DNA polymerases alpha, beta, and gamma.	Aphidicolin	87-98	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	125-145
2121512-1	1990	To analyze the relationship between differentiation and DNA replication, the effect of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor for DNA polymerase alpha, was measured with respect to erythroid differentiation and activities of DNA polymerases alpha, beta, and gamma.	Aphidicolin	87-98	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	220-241
2121512-4	1990	The enzyme activity of DNA polymerase alpha of K562 cells showed a 50-110% increase with aphidicolin treatment as compared to control K562 cells; activities of DNA polymerases beta and gamma were not affected.	Aphidicolin	89-100	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	23-43
2121512-6	1990	The enzyme activity of DNA polymerase alpha remained high even after removal of aphidicolin from the culture medium.	Aphidicolin	80-91	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	23-43
2122528-1	1990	Spontaneous mutants of mouse FM3A cells (AC1, AC2, and AC3), highly resistant to aphidicolin (3000-, 2500-, and 300-fold increase in resistance, respectively), were isolated by multistep selection.	Aphidicolin	81-92	adenylate cyclase 1	Mus musculus	41-44
2122528-3	1990	The DNA polymerase activity in nuclear extracts in AC1 and AC3, but not AC2, was resistant to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	94-105	adenylate cyclase 1	Mus musculus	51-54
2122528-3	1990	The DNA polymerase activity in nuclear extracts in AC1 and AC3, but not AC2, was resistant to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	94-105	adenylate cyclase 3	Mus musculus	59-62
2122528-4	1990	Partially purified DNA polymerase alpha from AC3, but not from AC1 or AC2, showed resistance to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	96-107	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	19-39
2122528-4	1990	Partially purified DNA polymerase alpha from AC3, but not from AC1 or AC2, showed resistance to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	96-107	adenylate cyclase 3	Mus musculus	45-48
2122528-5	1990	The apparent Ki value for aphidicolin of AC3 polymerase alpha was three to four times that of the enzyme from the parent cells, but the apparent Km values of the enzyme for dCTP and dTTP were normal.	Aphidicolin	26-37	adenylate cyclase 3	Mus musculus	41-44
2122528-10	1990	These results show that in mammalian cells there are at least two mechanisms of aphidicolin-resistance that involve an altered DNA polymerase alpha that is resistant to aphidicolin and simultaneous expansion of the four DNA-precursor pools.	Aphidicolin	80-91	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	127-147
2122528-10	1990	These results show that in mammalian cells there are at least two mechanisms of aphidicolin-resistance that involve an altered DNA polymerase alpha that is resistant to aphidicolin and simultaneous expansion of the four DNA-precursor pools.	Aphidicolin	169-180	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	127-147
2117783-2	1990	DNA repair synthesis and excision were inhibited by aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase-alpha.	Aphidicolin	52-63	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	89-109
2116798-4	1990	Addition of aphidicolin, an inhibitor for DNA polymerase alpha, to resistant cells effectively blocked enhanced plasmid reactivation and acquired resistance.	Aphidicolin	12-23	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	42-62
1694964-2	1990	Incubation of irradiated cells with aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta, delayed the sealing of repair patches and allowed estimation of rates of strand incision by the repair endonuclease.	Aphidicolin	36-47	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	65-86
2122528-1	1990	Spontaneous mutants of mouse FM3A cells (AC1, AC2, and AC3), highly resistant to aphidicolin (3000-, 2500-, and 300-fold increase in resistance, respectively), were isolated by multistep selection.	Aphidicolin	81-92	adenylate cyclase 3	Mus musculus	55-58
1689958-6	1990	When aphidicolin was used to inhibit repair mediated by DNA polymerase alpha, both normal control and Fanconi anemia fibroblasts showed significantly more chromosome breakage than was produced by bleomycin alone, but there was no increase in the amount of breakage seen in the N syndrome fibroblasts over that seen with bleomycin alone.	Aphidicolin	5-16	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	56-76
2307119-11	1990	Nevertheless, the ability of cortisol to potentiate the stimulatory effect of IGF-I on CDP labeling was independent of cell replication since the enhancement persisted in the presence of aphidicolin, a DNA synthesis inhibitor.	Aphidicolin	187-198	insulin-like growth factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
2307119-11	1990	Nevertheless, the ability of cortisol to potentiate the stimulatory effect of IGF-I on CDP labeling was independent of cell replication since the enhancement persisted in the presence of aphidicolin, a DNA synthesis inhibitor.	Aphidicolin	187-198	cut-like homeobox 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
2153561-2	1990	Mimosine, a plant amino acid, reversibly blocks the cell cycle at a point which occurs roughly 2 h before the arrest mediated by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha activity, which defines the G1/S phase boundary.	Aphidicolin	129-140	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	158-178
35295155-16	2021	Aphidicolin, bafilomycin A1, berberine chloride, and cucurbitacin I induced robust phenotypic profiles as compared to dimethyl sulfoxide vehicle control in the hNP1 cells, and thus can be employed as in-plate assay controls for subsequent chemical screens.	Aphidicolin	0-11	neuronal pentraxin 1	Homo sapiens	160-164
1702366-4	1990	Furthermore, the inhibition by HO-221 of DNA polymerase alpha was found to be non-competitive with respect to dCTP as a substrate, unlike that induced by aphidicolin and ara-CTP.	Aphidicolin	154-165	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	41-61
34567068-10	2021	Recent work suggests that both APH-inducible fragile sites and FRAXA undergo Mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) when exposed to APH or folate stress, respectively.	Aphidicolin	31-34	fragile site, folic acid type, rare, fra(X)(q27.3) A (macroorchidism, mental retardation)	Homo sapiens	63-68
34567068-10	2021	Recent work suggests that both APH-inducible fragile sites and FRAXA undergo Mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) when exposed to APH or folate stress, respectively.	Aphidicolin	123-126	fragile site, folic acid type, rare, fra(X)(q27.3) A (macroorchidism, mental retardation)	Homo sapiens	63-68
35154254-7	2021	We report that two CFSs localized to regions FRA2E (2p13/p12) and FRA2F (2q22) were only found in U-251 MG cells, but not lymphocytes or fibroblasts, after APH treatment.	Aphidicolin	156-159	DNA polymerase epsilon 4, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	52-61
2514611-0	1989	A method for the synchronization of cultured cells with aphidicolin: application to the large-scale synchronization of L1210 cells and the study of the cell cycle regulation of thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase.	Aphidicolin	56-67	thymidylate synthase	Mus musculus	177-197
2482074-1	1989	Treatment of permeable human fibroblasts with bleomycin elicits DNA repair synthesis that is only partially sensitive to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of mammalian DNA polymerases alpha and delta.	Aphidicolin	121-132	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	160-181
2480115-1	1989	Bleomycin-induced DNA repair synthesis in the permeabilized HeLa cells was sensitive to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and delta, and to dideoxythymidine triphosphate (ddTTP), a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta.	Aphidicolin	88-99	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	117-137
2514611-7	1989	The levels of both thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase were relatively constant during cell cycle transit, following release from the aphidicolin blockade.	Aphidicolin	147-158	thymidylate synthase	Mus musculus	19-39
2528644-7	1989	The inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta, aphidicolin, blocked the excision reaction.	Aphidicolin	50-61	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	17-38
2480788-3	1989	Under identical conditions, this compound was 60-fold more potent than aphidicolin as an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	71-82	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	102-122
2575094-4	1989	The loss of anti-PCNA fluorescence and displacement of anti-DNA polymerase alpha fluorescence from the chromatin can be prevented by inhibiting DNA synthesis with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	163-174	proliferating cell nuclear antigen S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	17-21
2505232-0	1989	Structure-activity relationships for the inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by aphidicolin derivatives.	Aphidicolin	79-90	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	55-75
2505232-1	1989	Aphidicolin and 17 derivatives that have been structurally modified in the A- and D-rings were assessed for their ability to inhibit DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	133-153
2505232-3	1989	The conclusions of these studies indicate a critical role for the C-18 function in the interaction of aphidicolin with polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	102-113	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	66-70
2526176-1	1989	Aphidicolin, a specific and direct inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha, was used to investigate its impact on immunologic reactions in vitro.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	59-79
2500268-3	1989	In this paper we demonstrate that the inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta, aphidicolin, blocks the repair of all 4NQO adducts.	Aphidicolin	84-95	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	51-72
2805640-4	1989	Most of the enzymatic activity is aphidicolin insensitive, probably due to DNA polymerase beta-like activity.	Aphidicolin	34-45	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	75-94
2500593-12	1989	The types of aberrations, mostly deletions and gaps, the induction of endoreduplicated cells, the cell-cycle delay and the sensitivity of G2 cells to NaF observed are similar to that reported in the literature for DNA synthesis/repair inhibitors like aphidicolin (APC).	Aphidicolin	251-262	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	150-153
2715188-6	1989	The cell cycle dependency of HSPG uptake and growth inhibition was studied in cultures synchronized by a thymidine/aphidicolin double block.	Aphidicolin	115-126	syndecan 2	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
2715188-9	1989	When cultures were released from the aphidicolin block, both control and HSPG-treated cells progressed through the S, the G2, and the M phases of the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	37-48	syndecan 2	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
2497027-3	1989	By three different procedures to synchronize untreated cells, i.e. density arrest G1 phase enrichment, aphidicolin-induced S phase accumulation and the double isoleucine block method, we found that Ara-C transport was 30-50% higher in the S phase than in the G1 phase.	Aphidicolin	103-114	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 6	Homo sapiens	198-201
2537461-4	1989	The results obtained with aphidicolin (an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha) show that the binding of 2-AAF to cellular DNA was significantly higher in samples exposed to this compound.	Aphidicolin	26-37	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	55-75
2531893-3	1989	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase a, abolished the fluctuation of ADPRT activity.	Aphidicolin	0-11	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	84-89
2576847-9	1989	By inhibiting DNA replication with aphidicolin, both DNA polymerase alpha and PCNA remain associated with the chromatin throughout prolonged incubation.	Aphidicolin	35-46	proliferating cell nuclear antigen S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	78-82
3143733-1	1988	We have microinjected aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, into syncytial Drosophila embryos.	Aphidicolin	22-33	DNA polymerase alpha 73kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	59-79
2848257-8	1988	These studies would indicate that the mechanism or initiation site of chromosomal rearrangement in SCLC is different from that which occurs during induction of the 3p14 fragile site by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	185-196	SCLC1	Homo sapiens	99-103
3139281-4	1988	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, showed a dose-dependent capacity to inhibit DNA repair in this system with maximum inhibition of 63% at 4 micrograms/ml.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	37-57
3142285-5	1988	DHFR-TS accumulated in the presence of aphidicolin inhibition of DNA synthesis which indicated that both syntheses could be uncoupled.	Aphidicolin	39-50	bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	Plasmodium falciparum 3D7	0-7
3132309-7	1988	When glial proliferation was inhibited by aphidicolin, contamination decreased to 0.1% in controls and 1.0% with 1 ng/ml bFGF, yet the neurons remained responsive to FGF.	Aphidicolin	42-53	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	121-125
3137811-6	1988	By use of somatic cell hybrids containing either human chromosome 3 or the fragile X chromosome, deletions and translocations were induced by FUdR or aphidicolin with breakpoints at the fragile sites Xq27 or 3p14.2 (FRA3B) or at points so close to the fragile sites as to be cytogenetically indistinguishable.	Aphidicolin	150-161	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	216-221
2457505-4	1988	Cytosine arabinoside induces an early DNA hypermethylation, which is however reversible and drops to the original level after 24 h. Hydroxyurea induces DNA hypermethylation after a lag period of more than 48 h and the DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor aphidicolin has no effect on the DNA methylation level.	Aphidicolin	249-260	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	218-238
3146346-5	1988	Late UV-induced DNA repair synthesis in both intact and permeable cells was found to be inhibited by aphidicolin, indicating the involvement of one of the aphidicolin-sensitive DNA polymerases, alpha or delta.	Aphidicolin	101-112	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	177-208
3133639-0	1988	Inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by aphidicolin derivatives.	Aphidicolin	38-49	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	14-34
3132309-7	1988	When glial proliferation was inhibited by aphidicolin, contamination decreased to 0.1% in controls and 1.0% with 1 ng/ml bFGF, yet the neurons remained responsive to FGF.	Aphidicolin	42-53	fibroblast growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
3125959-3	1988	Expression of FRA3B, induced by treatment of lymphocytes with aphidicolin, is altered by the translocation.	Aphidicolin	62-73	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	14-19
3126811-3	1988	In normally growing cells we did not observe single-stranded DNA whereas large amounts were present in cells treated with aphidicolin (an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha).	Aphidicolin	122-133	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	151-171
3098406-5	1987	Aphidicolin is a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, the enzyme responsible for the replicative synthesis of DNA.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	39-59
3681903-4	1987	Our results suggest that the inhibition of DNA repair, including the inhibition in G2 phase, plays an important role in the expression of FRA3B, supporting other authors" data on the effect of other DNA repair inhibitors, such as aphidicolin, caffeine, 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, on the expression of FRA3B.	Aphidicolin	230-241	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	138-143
3116599-2	1987	The role of hyperthermic inactivation of DNA polymerase alpha was investigated using the specific DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor, aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	130-141	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	98-118
3111741-5	1987	DNA polymerase alpha is involved in the repair of 4NQO-induced lesions because aphidicolin blocks their repair.	Aphidicolin	79-90	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	0-20
3600683-5	1987	On the other hand, when aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, was used instead of araC, a partial inhibition of the rejoining was observed, and further addition of 2",3"-dideoxythymidine, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta, augmented the inhibitory effect.	Aphidicolin	24-35	DNA polymerase beta	Cricetulus griseus	225-244
3115608-0	1987	Chemical modification of aphidicolin and the inhibitory effects of its derivatives on DNA polymerase alpha in vitro.	Aphidicolin	25-36	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	86-106
2434377-0	1987	Phenotypic differentiation of aphidicolin-selected human neuroblastoma cultures after long-term exposure to nerve growth factor.	Aphidicolin	30-41	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	108-127
2434377-3	1987	The measured plasma membrane resting potential of the cells increases from -5 mV for untreated cells to -(45-56) mV for NGF/Aph-treated cells.	Aphidicolin	124-127	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	120-123
2434377-4	1987	Intracellular stores of monoamines are increased as determined by histochemical staining, and levels of neuron-specific enolase antigen increase as a result of NGF/Aph treatment.	Aphidicolin	164-167	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	160-163
3102267-1	1987	Aphidicolin, a specific and reversible inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, was examined as a potential tool to evaluate the relationship between proliferative and differentiative events in Friend erythroleukemia cell (FELC) maturation.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	52-72
2417738-7	1986	Studies using the selective inhibitors (aphidicolin, 2",3"-dideoxythymidine 5"-triphosphate and N-ethylmaleimide) for DNA synthesis showed that DNA polymerases alpha and beta were involved in the repair process.	Aphidicolin	40-51	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	144-165
3786132-7	1986	The purified free DNA primase activity is resistant to neutralizing anti-human DNA polymerase alpha antibodies, BuPdGTP and aphidicolin that specifically inhibit the free DNA polymerase alpha and also DNA polymerase alpha complexed with the primase.	Aphidicolin	124-135	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	171-191
3786132-7	1986	The purified free DNA primase activity is resistant to neutralizing anti-human DNA polymerase alpha antibodies, BuPdGTP and aphidicolin that specifically inhibit the free DNA polymerase alpha and also DNA polymerase alpha complexed with the primase.	Aphidicolin	124-135	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	171-191
2877718-2	1986	Catecholaminergic enzyme (tyrosine hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase-A) activity was consistently increased with development and the increase was significantly greater after aphidicolin-induced elimination of dividing, non-neuronal cells.	Aphidicolin	174-185	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	26-46
2877718-2	1986	Catecholaminergic enzyme (tyrosine hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase-A) activity was consistently increased with development and the increase was significantly greater after aphidicolin-induced elimination of dividing, non-neuronal cells.	Aphidicolin	174-185	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	51-70
3463989-3	1986	The immunoreactive protein was purified to homogeneity and identified as a catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase alpha by molecular mass, by aphidicolin sensitivity, and by recognition by a monoclonal antibody against human KB cell DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	139-150	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	96-116
3091690-4	1986	Aphidicolin, a reversible inhibitor of DNA synthesis, abolished IgM secretion from B cells and anti-Ig blasts induced by either mitogen, indicating that Ig-secreting cells in these cultures are part of a cycling population.	Aphidicolin	0-11	immunoglobulin heavy constant mu	Mus musculus	64-67
3091690-8	1986	Addition of aphidicolin during the last 24 hr of culture to either normal B cells or BCL1 cells was much less effective at inhibiting IgM secretion.	Aphidicolin	12-23	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	85-89
3091690-8	1986	Addition of aphidicolin during the last 24 hr of culture to either normal B cells or BCL1 cells was much less effective at inhibiting IgM secretion.	Aphidicolin	12-23	immunoglobulin heavy constant mu	Mus musculus	134-137
3763398-1	1986	In mammalian cells, both semiconservative DNA replication and the DNA repair patch synthesis induced by high doses of ultraviolet radiation are known to be inhibited by aphidicolin, indicating the involvement in these processes of one or both of the aphidicolin-sensitive DNA polymerases, alpha and/or delta.	Aphidicolin	169-180	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	272-307
2432831-4	1986	The data suggest a differential DNA repair capacity among human subjects, since aphidicolin is known to inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, which is necessary for DNA replication and DNA repair.	Aphidicolin	80-91	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	112-132
3759087-7	1986	The simultaneous treatment of lymphocytes with berenil and aphidicolin (inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha) induces both the rare fra(16)(q22) and the common fra(16)(q23) within the same chromosome.	Aphidicolin	59-70	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	85-105
2942236-3	1986	The second mechanism is seen in cells treated with aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, to stop the movement of the DNA replication forks.	Aphidicolin	51-62	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	88-108
3785199-7	1986	Nuclear extracts prepared from cells blocked in the S phase by aphidicolin or from adenovirus-infected cells at 16 h postinfection had enhanced dihydrofolate reductase transcriptional activity.	Aphidicolin	63-74	dihydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	144-167
3085971-2	1986	Excision repair patches in DNA of cells damaged by methyl methanesulfonate were labeled with [3H]thymidine and blocked at an intermediate stage by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	147-158	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	176-196
3084964-6	1986	Given the inhibitory specificity of aphidicolin for DNA polymerase alpha these results provide additional evidence that DNA polymerase alpha plays a role in the excision repair of DNA damaged by UV light or DMS.	Aphidicolin	36-47	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	52-72
3084964-6	1986	Given the inhibitory specificity of aphidicolin for DNA polymerase alpha these results provide additional evidence that DNA polymerase alpha plays a role in the excision repair of DNA damaged by UV light or DMS.	Aphidicolin	36-47	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	120-140
3084964-7	1986	It is postulated that aphidicolin interrupts the processivity of the DNA polymerase alpha holoenzyme and allows an exonuclease to enlarge the repair site.	Aphidicolin	22-33	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	69-89
3082993-7	1986	Growth of EL4 cells was shown not to depend on autologous production of IL-2, and their DNA synthesis could be arrested by aphidicolin without a concomitant accumulation of IL-2 in the supernatant.	Aphidicolin	123-134	epilepsy 4	Mus musculus	10-13
3087388-1	1986	When chick pineal glands were cultured in the dark with aphidicolin from midphotoperiod, the increase of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity was stimulated and the time of peak NAT activity was advanced.	Aphidicolin	56-67	aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase	Gallus gallus	105-134
3087388-1	1986	When chick pineal glands were cultured in the dark with aphidicolin from midphotoperiod, the increase of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity was stimulated and the time of peak NAT activity was advanced.	Aphidicolin	56-67	arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme	Gallus gallus	136-139
3087388-1	1986	When chick pineal glands were cultured in the dark with aphidicolin from midphotoperiod, the increase of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity was stimulated and the time of peak NAT activity was advanced.	Aphidicolin	56-67	arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme	Gallus gallus	186-189
3081804-2	1986	Excision-repair patches in DNA of cells damaged by methyl methanesulfonate were labeled with [3H]thymidine and blocked at an intermediate stage by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	147-158	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	176-196
6438087-1	1984	In nongrowing mammalian cells, DNA repair synthesis following irradiation with high doses of UV is almost totally inhibited by aphidicolin, an agent specific for DNA polymerase alpha, and presumably is mediated by that polymerase.	Aphidicolin	127-138	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	162-182
3936614-3	1985	The DNA polymerase alpha enzyme of the two B-cell lines (both the leukemic and the "normal") showed the usual sensitivity toward inhibition by aphidicolin, while those from the two other leukemic cell lines were remarkably resistant to the antibiotic.	Aphidicolin	143-154	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	4-24
3001502-5	1985	Specifically, the enzyme: was sensitive to n-ethylmaleimide and the pol alpha-specific inhibitors, BuPdGTP and aphidicolin; was subject to neutralization by specific monoclonal antibodies raised against human pol alpha; was devoid of detectable 3" to 5" exonuclease activity, and displayed a ribonucleotide-dependent DNA primase activity.	Aphidicolin	111-122	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	68-77
3001502-5	1985	Specifically, the enzyme: was sensitive to n-ethylmaleimide and the pol alpha-specific inhibitors, BuPdGTP and aphidicolin; was subject to neutralization by specific monoclonal antibodies raised against human pol alpha; was devoid of detectable 3" to 5" exonuclease activity, and displayed a ribonucleotide-dependent DNA primase activity.	Aphidicolin	111-122	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	209-218
3931053-5	1985	The results of the BuAdATP-homopolymer experiments complement those of analogous experiments with BuPdGTP and the dCTP-specific pol alpha inhibitor, aphidicolin, and strengthen the suggestion that mammalian pol alpha contains dNDP and dNTP binding sites which can recognize specific bases without direction by templates.	Aphidicolin	149-160	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	128-137
3931053-5	1985	The results of the BuAdATP-homopolymer experiments complement those of analogous experiments with BuPdGTP and the dCTP-specific pol alpha inhibitor, aphidicolin, and strengthen the suggestion that mammalian pol alpha contains dNDP and dNTP binding sites which can recognize specific bases without direction by templates.	Aphidicolin	149-160	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	207-216
2992151-3	1985	In tsA1, a mutation or mutations conferring aphidicolin and PAA hypersensitivity were mapped by corescue with the temperature-sensitivity marker of tsA1 to a region of the DNA-binding protein locus, between map coordinates 0.385 and 0.398.	Aphidicolin	44-55	lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E	Homo sapiens	3-7
2992151-7	1985	One such mutation, which contributed to the aphidicolin-hypersensitivity phenotype of tsA1, mapped between coordinates 0.422 and 0.448, and resides, most probably, within the DNA polymerase locus.	Aphidicolin	44-55	lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E	Homo sapiens	86-90
3926765-4	1985	Inhibition with amethopterin slightly increased ribonucleotide reductase activity, while aphidicolin halved the activity of this enzyme (and thymidylate synthase).	Aphidicolin	89-100	thymidylate synthase	Mus musculus	141-161
3924406-1	1985	The relationships between replicative DNA synthesis and retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of human promyelocytic leukaemic (HL-60) cells are evaluated with the use of Aphidicolin, a specific and reversible inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha (alpha).	Aphidicolin	176-187	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	228-248
3922929-1	1985	The effects of aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, on the repair and fixation of potentially lethal damage (PLD) sensitive to treatment with beta-araA--a drug acting via inhibition of DNA polymerases alpha and beta-have been studied.	Aphidicolin	15-26	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	52-72
3921023-2	1985	Aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, but not thymidylate synthase, caused a time dependent inhibition of the enzyme when added to the cells after [5-3H]dUrd.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	29-49
3921023-3	1985	Cells treated with hydroxyurea and aphidicolin in sequence before addition of [5-3H]dUrd had a high initial thymidylate synthase activity that decreased with time.	Aphidicolin	35-46	thymidylate synthetase	Homo sapiens	108-128
3931652-1	1985	Aphidicolin, a tetracyclic diterpenoid obtained from the culture filtrates of Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungi, inhibits the growth of eukaryotic cells and of certain animal viruses (SV40, Herpes and Vaccinia viruses) by selectively inhibiting the cellular replicative DNA polymerase alpha or the viral-induced DNA polymerases.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	278-298
3931652-4	1985	Aphidicolin has thus proved extremely useful in elucidating the functional role of DNA polymerase alpha in nuclear DNA replication, of DNA polymerase gamma in mitochondrial DNA synthesis and both DNA polymerases beta and alpha in DNA repair synthesis.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	83-103
3930922-6	1985	The mutant (aphr) DNA was used to transfect aphidicolin resistance to recipient mouse Ltk- cells either directly or in combination with the plasmid pTK2 DNA.	Aphidicolin	44-55	leukocyte tyrosine kinase	Mus musculus	86-89
2982139-4	1985	In contrast, in cells treated with aphidicolin, which inhibits DNA polymerase alpha, there is continued ligation of 10-kb DNA to high molecular weight DNA.	Aphidicolin	35-46	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	63-83
6092371-2	1984	Incorporation of dATP, dCTP, and dTTP into activated DNA by parental enzyme was inhibited competitively by aphidicolin whereas dGTP incorporation was inhibited noncompetitively.	Aphidicolin	107-118	ttp	Drosophila melanogaster	33-37
6436508-1	1984	Vaccinia virus growth in BSC-1 and HeLa cells was inhibited by aphidicolin concentrations of 20 microM or more.	Aphidicolin	63-74	solute carrier family 12 member 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
6434179-1	1984	A new class of fragile sites termed common fragile sites is induced by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	71-82	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	100-120
6431754-5	1984	Considered along with related information reported previously, the present results suggest that both aphidicolin-sensitive and insensitive DNA polymerases, DNA polymerase alpha and a non-alpha DNA polymerase (possibly DNA polymerase beta), are involved in in situ UDS in these ultraviolet-irradiated cells.	Aphidicolin	101-112	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	156-176
6430549-5	1984	The fragmentation of the DNA can be prevented by pretreatment with aphidicolin which inhibits DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	67-78	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	94-114
6431754-5	1984	Considered along with related information reported previously, the present results suggest that both aphidicolin-sensitive and insensitive DNA polymerases, DNA polymerase alpha and a non-alpha DNA polymerase (possibly DNA polymerase beta), are involved in in situ UDS in these ultraviolet-irradiated cells.	Aphidicolin	101-112	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	218-237
6423305-2	1984	damage in human fibroblasts is more sensitive to inhibitors of DNA polymerase alpha (cytosine arabinoside, aphidicolin) than to an inhibitor of polymerase beta (dideoxythymidine), which indicates a greater role in repair for polymerase alpha than for polymerase beta.	Aphidicolin	107-118	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	63-83
6408640-1	1983	DNA replication intermediates in human melanoma cells have been investigated by using the drug aphidicolin, which inhibits DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	95-106	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	123-143
6422050-3	1984	In this study, we used aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA pol alpha, to assay for the requirement of pol alpha activity in parental RF formation in vivo.	Aphidicolin	23-34	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	64-73
6319762-1	1984	Aphidicolin is a potent inhibitor of both host cell DNA polymerase alpha and herpes simplex virus (HSV)-induced DNA polymerase but has no effect on DNA polymerases beta and gamma of host cells.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	52-72
6319762-2	1984	By using an aphidicolin-resistant mutant (Aphr) of HSV, a possible involvement of DNA polymerase alpha in host cell reactivation of UV-damaged HSV was studied.	Aphidicolin	12-23	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	82-102
6418378-5	1984	This was observed in cells synchronized by thymidine excess or by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	66-77	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	95-115
6204821-4	1984	The cells were then treated with bleomycin, which produces DNA strand breakage; proflavine, which intercalates into DNA; mitomycin C, which produces monoadducts and DNA crosslinks; or aphidicolin, which inhibits DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	184-195	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	212-232
6430783-0	1984	DNA polymerase alpha inhibition by aphidicolin induces gaps and breaks at common fragile sites in human chromosomes.	Aphidicolin	35-46	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	0-20
6430783-1	1984	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, is known to induce chromosomal aberrations.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	37-57
6430783-7	1984	Aphidicolin represents a novel tool for detection of hot spots on human chromosomes through the mechanism of DNA polymerase alpha inhibition.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	109-129
6319564-1	1984	Aphidicolin, a tetracyclic diterpenoid which inhibits the DNA polymerase-alpha activities of many eukaryotic cells, inhibited herpes simplex virus growth and DNA synthesis in infected cultures and the activity of the virus DNA polymerase in vitro.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	58-78
11478315-1	1984	The mycotoxin aphidicolin specifically inhibits nuclear DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells by intereacting with the replicative DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	14-25	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	127-147
6419736-2	1983	Aphidicolin also inhibited both 3H-TDR incorporation and TS in damaged cells, the former more strongly than the latter, in a manner not coordinated with lethality.	Aphidicolin	0-11	thymidylate synthetase	Homo sapiens	57-59
6435630-0	1983	A DNA polymerase alpha partially resistant to aphidicolin in cells and embryos of Med-fly (Ceratitis capitata Wied.).	Aphidicolin	46-57	DNA polymerase alpha 73kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	2-22
6435630-4	1983	DNA polymerase alpha, purified 100 folds from Med-fly embryos, was 10 times more resistant to aphidicolin, its specific inhibitor, than the mammalian DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	94-105	DNA polymerase alpha 73kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	0-20
6435630-6	1983	It appears that C. capitata cells represent a rather peculiar system in the phylogeny of DNA polymerases since they are devoid of DNA polymerase beta and present a DNA polymerase alpha partially resistant to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	208-219	DNA polymerase alpha 73kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	164-184
6192085-7	1983	The relationship between IFN-gamma production and cell cycle phases was studied with the aid of a reversible drug, aphidicolin, that arrests cells at the G1/S border.	Aphidicolin	115-126	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	25-34
6408486-5	1983	Hydroxyurea, novobiocin and aphidicolin, inhibitors of ribonucleotide reductase, topoisomerase and DNA polymerase alpha, respectively, all inhibit thymidylate synthase in intact S phase CHEF/18 cells, but not in their soluble extracts.	Aphidicolin	28-39	thymidylate synthase	Cricetulus griseus	147-167
6406250-5	1983	Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha, has no effect on dNTP pool size in 1-methyladenine-treated oocytes, but causes considerable expansion of dNTP pools in fertilized eggs which cleave achromosomally in the presence of the drug.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	48-68
6403037-1	1983	Excision repair of ultraviolet damage in human fibroblasts was partially inhibited by drugs that block DNA polymerases alpha or beta (cytosine arabinoside, aphidicolin and dideoxythymidine) causing a reduction in unscheduled synthesis and an accumulation of single-strand breaks.	Aphidicolin	156-167	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	103-124
6406086-4	1983	In contrast, if DNA polymerase alpha is inhibited by aphidicolin prior to treatment with ascorbate-Cu2+ one cannot detect the fragmentation of the DNA.	Aphidicolin	53-64	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	16-36
6184158-4	1983	The aphidicolin-resistant thymidylate synthase mutants, isolated independently of aphidicolin resistance, showed reduced levels of thymidylate synthase and increased levels of ribonucleotide reductase.	Aphidicolin	4-15	thymidylate synthase	Mus musculus	26-46
6184158-4	1983	The aphidicolin-resistant thymidylate synthase mutants, isolated independently of aphidicolin resistance, showed reduced levels of thymidylate synthase and increased levels of ribonucleotide reductase.	Aphidicolin	4-15	thymidylate synthase	Mus musculus	131-151
6184158-4	1983	The aphidicolin-resistant thymidylate synthase mutants, isolated independently of aphidicolin resistance, showed reduced levels of thymidylate synthase and increased levels of ribonucleotide reductase.	Aphidicolin	82-93	thymidylate synthase	Mus musculus	26-46
6402775-0	1983	Mammalian mutator mutant with an aphidicolin-resistant DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	33-44	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	55-75
6402775-1	1983	The Chinese hamster V79 cell mutant aphr-4-2, selected for its resistance to aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha (DNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.7), is characterized by slow growth, UV sensitivity, and hypersensitivity to UV-induced mutation.	Aphidicolin	77-88	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	114-134
6403035-2	1983	The antibiotic, aphidicolin, is a potent inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and consequently of de novo DNA synthesis in human cells.	Aphidicolin	16-27	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	54-74
7151804-4	1982	DNA polymerase alpha is inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide (94% and 100% at 1 mM and 10 mM respectively) and aphidicolin (96% at 60 microM).	Aphidicolin	104-115	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	0-20
6812044-0	1982	Purification of the cdc8 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by complementation in an aphidicolin-sensitive in vitro DNA replication system.	Aphidicolin	86-97	bifunctional thymidylate/uridylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	20-24
6297748-2	1982	Replication in vitro mimics that in vivo in that DNA synthesis in extracts of strain cdc8, a temperature-sensitive DNA replication mutant, is thermolabile relative to the wild-type, and in that aphidicolin inhibits replication in vitro.	Aphidicolin	194-205	bifunctional thymidylate/uridylate kinase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	85-89
6818174-1	1982	Aphidicolin specifically inhibits eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha, while 2",3"-dideoxythymidine 5"-triphosphate (d2TTP) inhibits DNA polymerase beta and gamma but not alpha.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	45-65
7162528-4	1982	The single exception was a pair of CS strains from sibling donors in which the rate of uncoupled incision due to the presence of either araC or the specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, aphidicolin, was slightly faster than in other cells studied.	Aphidicolin	192-203	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	35-37
7162528-4	1982	The single exception was a pair of CS strains from sibling donors in which the rate of uncoupled incision due to the presence of either araC or the specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, aphidicolin, was slightly faster than in other cells studied.	Aphidicolin	192-203	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	170-190
6809314-3	1982	The mechanism of inhibition of DNA synthesis in neoplastic cells is again due to the inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	123-134	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	99-119
7102674-2	1982	Inhibition of polymerization and/or ligation of repaired regions with inhibitors of DNA polymerase alpha (cytosine arabinoside and aphidicolin) resulted in the accumulation of single-strand breaks, delayed reconstruction of DNA supercoiling, and maintenance of the staphylococcal nuclease digestibility.	Aphidicolin	131-142	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	84-104
6809956-0	1982	Studies with aphidicolin on the Fv-1 host restriction of Friend murine leukemia virus.	Aphidicolin	13-24	Friend virus susceptibility 1	Mus musculus	32-36
6809956-3	1982	Aphidicolin, an inhibitor of eucaryotic DNA polymerase alpha, was studied in murine cells infected either permissively or nonpermissively with regard to the Fv-1 genotype.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	40-60
6795595-0	1981	Aphidicolin inhibits DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase alpha and isolated nuclei by a similar mechanism.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	38-58
7093202-9	1982	Repair synthesis in this system is inhibited by aphidicolin, but not by high levels of dideoxy-TTP, suggesting involvement of DNA polymerase alpha in excision repair.	Aphidicolin	48-59	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	126-146
6808155-2	1982	The experiments tested the effects of aphidicolin, which is highly specific for DNA polymerase alpha, and 2",3"-dideoxythymidine-5"-triphosphate (ddTTP), which inhibits cellular DNA polymerases in the order gamma greater than beta greater than alpha.	Aphidicolin	38-49	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	80-100
6799808-0	1982	Effect of post-treatment with aphidicolin - a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha - on sister-chromatid exchanges induced by ethyl methanesulfonate.	Aphidicolin	30-41	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	68-88
6820927-3	1982	DNA synthesis in short-time organ cultures of isolated epidermis was strongly inhibited by aphidicolin, suggesting that DNA polymerase alpha is involved in DNA replication in human epidermis.	Aphidicolin	91-102	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	120-140
6795595-1	1981	Aphidicolin is a selective inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	40-60
6790652-8	1981	Judging from the relative positions of the blastomeres, the AChE-producing cells in aphidicolin-cytochalasin-arrested embryos were always at eighth or ninth generation, while those with no AChE activity were certainly at seventh generation.	Aphidicolin	84-95	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	60-64
6784928-0	1981	New views of the biochemistry of eucaryotic DNA replication revealed by aphidicolin, an unusual inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	72-83	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	109-129
6785339-1	1981	We have developed a method, based on the in vitro inhibition of purified human DNA polymerase alpha, the major enzyme of DNA replication, which allows the rapid and accurate determination of pmol amounts of aphidicolin, a promising anticancer drug.	Aphidicolin	207-218	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	79-99
6790652-9	1981	Based on these findings it was supposed that aphidicolin-sensitive cell-cycle events, presumably DNA replication, are closely associated with AChE development and that the eighth cleavage cycle may be "quantal" for the histospecific enzyme development.	Aphidicolin	45-56	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	142-146
6793260-1	1981	Aphidicolin is a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	39-59
6793260-8	1981	The data therefore indicate that aphidicolin prevents the rejoining of single strand breaks formed during the excision repair process and imply that DNA polymerase alpha is involved in the repair of DNA in human cells.	Aphidicolin	33-44	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	149-169
6799347-1	1981	The effects of aphidicolin - a powerful inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and of DNA replication - on normal development and on differentiation without cleavage of Chaetopterus eggs have been studied with cytological, cytochemical, and biochemical methods.	Aphidicolin	15-26	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	53-73
6260987-10	1981	The results with the specific inhibitors of mammalian DNA polymerases, aphidicolin, N-ethylmaleimide, and 2",3"-dideoxythymidine 5"-triphosphate indicated that DNA polymerase alpha was required for synthesis of parvoviral DNA in the nuclear lysates.	Aphidicolin	71-82	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	160-180
6777385-1	1980	Aphidicolin, a known inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, is a potent inhibitor of nuclear DNA synthesis in HeLa cells but has no effect on the replication of mitochondrial DNA.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	34-54
6783076-5	1980	Considering the difference in sensitivity of DNA polymerase alpha and beta to aphidicolin, and other related information reported previously, the results are compatible with the idea that DNA polymerase alpha is involved in replicative DNA synthesis and DNA polymerase beta in unscheduled DNA synthesis in the present systems.	Aphidicolin	78-89	polymerase (DNA directed), beta	Mus musculus	254-273
6784118-4	1980	The DNA polymerase alpha from one of these mutants, aph-10, is much more resistant to inhibition by the drug; the apparent Ki of the wild-type enzyme is 12 nM aphidicolin, whereas the apparent Ki of the aph-10 polymerase is more than 100 nM.	Aphidicolin	159-170	DNA polymerase alpha 73kD subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	4-24
6790638-0	1980	[Aphidicolin: a specific inhibitor of eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha (author"s transl)].	Aphidicolin	1-12	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	49-69
692726-0	1978	Aphidicolin prevents mitotic cell division by interfering with the activity of DNA polymerase-alpha.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	79-99
6790652-0	1981	A definite number of aphidicolin-sensitive cell-cyclic events are required for acetylcholinesterase development in the presumptive muscle cells of the ascidian embryos.	Aphidicolin	21-32	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	79-99
6775308-0	1980	Synchronization of HeLa cell cultures by inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	81-92	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	55-75
6783033-1	1980	We have studied the DNA repair synthesis in HeLa cell isolated nuclei in presence of aphidicolin, which selectively inhibits DNA polymerase alpha but not DNA polymerases beta and gamma.	Aphidicolin	85-96	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	125-145
526293-0	1979	Aphidicolin resistant mutant of which DNA polymerase alpha is induced by this drug.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	38-58
117431-8	1979	By contrast, aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, inhibits DNA repair and replicative synthesis in both intact and permeabilized cells.	Aphidicolin	13-24	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	50-70
475808-0	1979	Aphidicolin inhibits eukaryotic DNA replication and repair --- implications for involvement of DNA polymerase alpha in both processes.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	95-115
450707-2	1979	Aphidicolin inhibited DNA synthesis and DNA polymerase alpha very efficiently whereas DNA polymerases beta and gamma were insensitive to the drug.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	40-60
33592314-0	2021	Nuclear localization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production attenuates aphidicolin-induced endothelial cell death.	Aphidicolin	97-108	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	24-57
33592314-5	2021	Treatment with 20 muM aphidicolin for 24 h reduced BAEC viability by ~40%, which was accompanied by increased NO production, phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179 (p-eNOS-Ser1179), and eNOS protein expression.	Aphidicolin	22-33	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	144-148
33592314-5	2021	Treatment with 20 muM aphidicolin for 24 h reduced BAEC viability by ~40%, which was accompanied by increased NO production, phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179 (p-eNOS-Ser1179), and eNOS protein expression.	Aphidicolin	22-33	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	163-167
33592314-5	2021	Treatment with 20 muM aphidicolin for 24 h reduced BAEC viability by ~40%, which was accompanied by increased NO production, phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179 (p-eNOS-Ser1179), and eNOS protein expression.	Aphidicolin	22-33	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	163-167
33592314-6	2021	The aphidicolin-increased eNOS expression and p-eNOS-Ser1179 were not altered by 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N",N"-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM), a cell permeable and specific intracellular Ca2+ chelator.	Aphidicolin	4-15	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	26-30
33592314-6	2021	The aphidicolin-increased eNOS expression and p-eNOS-Ser1179 were not altered by 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N",N"-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM), a cell permeable and specific intracellular Ca2+ chelator.	Aphidicolin	4-15	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	48-52
33592314-8	2021	Knockdown of eNOS gene expression using siRNA aggravated aphidicolin-induced BAEC death.	Aphidicolin	57-68	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	13-17
33592314-10	2021	Interestingly, aphidicolin accumulated eNOS protein in the active form, p-eNOS-Ser1179, in the nucleus.	Aphidicolin	15-26	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	39-43
33592314-10	2021	Interestingly, aphidicolin accumulated eNOS protein in the active form, p-eNOS-Ser1179, in the nucleus.	Aphidicolin	15-26	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	74-78
33592314-11	2021	When cells were ectopically transfected with a wild-type (WT)-eNOS gene, aphidicolin induced significant localization of the protein product in the nucleus.	Aphidicolin	73-84	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	62-66
33592314-12	2021	Additionally, aphidicolin-elicited cell death was significantly reversed in WT-eNOS gene-transfected BAECs.	Aphidicolin	14-25	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	79-83
33592314-13	2021	Furthermore, overexpression of the eNOS gene containing nuclear localization signal (NLS) but not nuclear export signal (NES) significantly attenuated aphidicolin-induced BAEC death.	Aphidicolin	151-162	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	35-39
33592314-15	2021	Finally, expression of N-myristoyltransferase 2 (NMT2) but not NMT1 significantly decreased in aphidicolin-treated BAECs.	Aphidicolin	95-106	N-myristoyltransferase 2	Bos taurus	23-47
33592314-15	2021	Finally, expression of N-myristoyltransferase 2 (NMT2) but not NMT1 significantly decreased in aphidicolin-treated BAECs.	Aphidicolin	95-106	N-myristoyltransferase 2	Bos taurus	49-53
33592314-16	2021	Taken together, our results suggest that aphidicolin attenuates BAEC death in part by increasing nuclear eNOS localization and NO production.	Aphidicolin	41-52	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	105-109
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	0-11	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	92-96
32394671-0	2020	Activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS Signaling Axis by Aphidicolin Increases NO Production and Vessel Relaxation in Endothelial Cells and Rat Aortas.	Aphidicolin	50-61	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	14-17
32394671-0	2020	Activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS Signaling Axis by Aphidicolin Increases NO Production and Vessel Relaxation in Endothelial Cells and Rat Aortas.	Aphidicolin	50-61	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-21
32394671-0	2020	Activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS Signaling Axis by Aphidicolin Increases NO Production and Vessel Relaxation in Endothelial Cells and Rat Aortas.	Aphidicolin	50-61	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-26
32394671-0	2020	Activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS Signaling Axis by Aphidicolin Increases NO Production and Vessel Relaxation in Endothelial Cells and Rat Aortas.	Aphidicolin	50-61	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
32394671-3	2020	Prolonged (over 24 h) treatment with aphidicolin increased NO production and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression, which was accompanied by increased eNOS dimer/monomer ratio, tetrahydrobiopterin levels, and eNOS mRNA expression.	Aphidicolin	37-48	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	77-100
32394671-3	2020	Prolonged (over 24 h) treatment with aphidicolin increased NO production and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression, which was accompanied by increased eNOS dimer/monomer ratio, tetrahydrobiopterin levels, and eNOS mRNA expression.	Aphidicolin	37-48	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	102-106
32394671-3	2020	Prolonged (over 24 h) treatment with aphidicolin increased NO production and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression, which was accompanied by increased eNOS dimer/monomer ratio, tetrahydrobiopterin levels, and eNOS mRNA expression.	Aphidicolin	37-48	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	163-167
32394671-3	2020	Prolonged (over 24 h) treatment with aphidicolin increased NO production and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression, which was accompanied by increased eNOS dimer/monomer ratio, tetrahydrobiopterin levels, and eNOS mRNA expression.	Aphidicolin	37-48	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	163-167
32394671-4	2020	A promoter assay using 5"-serially deleted eNOS promoters revealed that Tax-responsive element site, located at -962 to -873 of the eNOS promoter, was responsible for aphidicolin-stimulated eNOS gene expression.	Aphidicolin	167-178	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	43-47
32394671-4	2020	A promoter assay using 5"-serially deleted eNOS promoters revealed that Tax-responsive element site, located at -962 to -873 of the eNOS promoter, was responsible for aphidicolin-stimulated eNOS gene expression.	Aphidicolin	167-178	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	132-136
32394671-4	2020	A promoter assay using 5"-serially deleted eNOS promoters revealed that Tax-responsive element site, located at -962 to -873 of the eNOS promoter, was responsible for aphidicolin-stimulated eNOS gene expression.	Aphidicolin	167-178	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	132-136
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	0-11	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	22-26
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	0-11	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	92-96
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	0-11	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	158-162
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	143-154	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	92-96
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	143-154	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	92-96
32394671-5	2020	Aphidicolin increased CREB activity and ectopic expression of dominantnegative inhibitor of CREB, A-CREB, repressed the stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on eNOS gene expression and its promoter activity.	Aphidicolin	143-154	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	158-162
32394671-6	2020	Co-treatment with LY294002 decreased the aphidicolin-stimulated increase in p-CREB-Ser133 level, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	41-52	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	78-82
32394671-6	2020	Co-treatment with LY294002 decreased the aphidicolin-stimulated increase in p-CREB-Ser133 level, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	41-52	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	97-101
32394671-7	2020	Furthermore, ectopic expression of dominant-negative Akt construct attenuated aphidicolin-stimulated NO production.	Aphidicolin	78-89	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Bos taurus	53-56
32394671-8	2020	Aphidicolin increased p-ATM-Ser1981 and the knockdown of ATM using siRNA attenuated all stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	0-11	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Bos taurus	24-27
32394671-8	2020	Aphidicolin increased p-ATM-Ser1981 and the knockdown of ATM using siRNA attenuated all stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	0-11	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	155-159
32394671-8	2020	Aphidicolin increased p-ATM-Ser1981 and the knockdown of ATM using siRNA attenuated all stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	111-122	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Bos taurus	57-60
32394671-8	2020	Aphidicolin increased p-ATM-Ser1981 and the knockdown of ATM using siRNA attenuated all stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	111-122	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Bos taurus	128-131
32394671-8	2020	Aphidicolin increased p-ATM-Ser1981 and the knockdown of ATM using siRNA attenuated all stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	111-122	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Bos taurus	142-146
32394671-8	2020	Aphidicolin increased p-ATM-Ser1981 and the knockdown of ATM using siRNA attenuated all stimulatory effects of aphidicolin on p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, eNOS expression, and NO production.	Aphidicolin	111-122	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	155-159
32394671-10	2020	Lastly, aphidicolin increased acetylcholine-induced vessel relaxation in rat aortas, which was accompanied by increased p-ATM-Ser1981, p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, and eNOS expression.	Aphidicolin	8-19	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	122-125
32394671-10	2020	Lastly, aphidicolin increased acetylcholine-induced vessel relaxation in rat aortas, which was accompanied by increased p-ATM-Ser1981, p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, and eNOS expression.	Aphidicolin	8-19	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	137-140
32394671-10	2020	Lastly, aphidicolin increased acetylcholine-induced vessel relaxation in rat aortas, which was accompanied by increased p-ATM-Ser1981, p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, and eNOS expression.	Aphidicolin	8-19	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	151-155
32394671-10	2020	Lastly, aphidicolin increased acetylcholine-induced vessel relaxation in rat aortas, which was accompanied by increased p-ATM-Ser1981, p-Akt-Ser473, p-CREB-Ser133, and eNOS expression.	Aphidicolin	8-19	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	168-172
32394671-11	2020	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that in response to aphidicolin, activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS signaling cascade mediates increase of NO production and vessel relaxation in endothelial cells and rat aortas.	Aphidicolin	59-70	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
32394671-11	2020	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that in response to aphidicolin, activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS signaling cascade mediates increase of NO production and vessel relaxation in endothelial cells and rat aortas.	Aphidicolin	59-70	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
32394671-11	2020	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that in response to aphidicolin, activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS signaling cascade mediates increase of NO production and vessel relaxation in endothelial cells and rat aortas.	Aphidicolin	59-70	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-98
32394671-11	2020	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that in response to aphidicolin, activation of ATM/Akt/CREB/eNOS signaling cascade mediates increase of NO production and vessel relaxation in endothelial cells and rat aortas.	Aphidicolin	59-70	nitric oxide synthase 3	Rattus norvegicus	99-103
31597105-7	2019	SENP6 deficiency impairs chromatin association of the ATR cofactor ATRIP, thereby compromising the activation of Chk1 signaling in response to aphidicolin-induced replicative stress and sensitizing cells to DNA damage.	Aphidicolin	143-154	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	54-57
32078182-4	2020	p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1, biomarker of DNA damage repair) nuclear bodies were increased in a dose-dependent manner in normal proliferating human mammary epithelial fibroblasts following treatment with compounds traditionally classified as either genotoxic (hydralazine) and nongenotoxic (low-dose aphidicolin, duvelisib, idelalisib, and amiodarone).	Aphidicolin	301-312	tumor protein p53 binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
31597105-7	2019	SENP6 deficiency impairs chromatin association of the ATR cofactor ATRIP, thereby compromising the activation of Chk1 signaling in response to aphidicolin-induced replicative stress and sensitizing cells to DNA damage.	Aphidicolin	143-154	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	113-117
29515758-8	2018	Finally, TDRD9 silencing caused hypersensitivity to the replication stress inducer aphidicolin, while overexpression of the protein increased resistance to the drug, suggesting that TDRD9 protects from replicative stress to TDRD9-positive tumor cells.	Aphidicolin	83-94	tudor domain containing 9	Homo sapiens	9-14
31403790-1	2019	Aphidicolin, a potent DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor, has been explored in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer.	Aphidicolin	0-11	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	22-42
31026293-4	2019	Specifically, inhibition of Pol alpha by small molecule inhibitors aphidicolin or CD437 as well as silencing of Pol alpha expression by siRNA led to suppression of cccDNA amplification in human hepatoma cells.	Aphidicolin	67-78	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	28-37
30657978-5	2019	We demonstrate that loss of WRN leads to enhanced ATM phosphorylation upon prolonged exposure to aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerases, resulting in CHK1 activation.	Aphidicolin	97-108	WRN RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	28-31
30657978-5	2019	We demonstrate that loss of WRN leads to enhanced ATM phosphorylation upon prolonged exposure to aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerases, resulting in CHK1 activation.	Aphidicolin	97-108	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	50-53
30657978-5	2019	We demonstrate that loss of WRN leads to enhanced ATM phosphorylation upon prolonged exposure to aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerases, resulting in CHK1 activation.	Aphidicolin	97-108	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
30333173-8	2019	We also found that inhibition of viral DNA replication through aphidicolin treatment or through the use of replication-defective SV40 mutants diminished the effects of FAM111A depletion on viral gene expression.	Aphidicolin	63-74	FAM111 trypsin like peptidase A	Homo sapiens	168-175
29990529-7	2018	By contrast, a reduction in the DNA replication rate with aphidicolin (0.4 muM) or hydroxyurea (40 muM) created smaller and rounder EBs and altered the expression levels of Wnt3a, Tbx6, and Cyp26a1 in a manner similar to trans-resveratrol.	Aphidicolin	58-69	latexin	Homo sapiens	75-78
29990529-7	2018	By contrast, a reduction in the DNA replication rate with aphidicolin (0.4 muM) or hydroxyurea (40 muM) created smaller and rounder EBs and altered the expression levels of Wnt3a, Tbx6, and Cyp26a1 in a manner similar to trans-resveratrol.	Aphidicolin	58-69	Wnt family member 3A	Homo sapiens	173-178
29990529-7	2018	By contrast, a reduction in the DNA replication rate with aphidicolin (0.4 muM) or hydroxyurea (40 muM) created smaller and rounder EBs and altered the expression levels of Wnt3a, Tbx6, and Cyp26a1 in a manner similar to trans-resveratrol.	Aphidicolin	58-69	T-box transcription factor 6	Homo sapiens	180-184
29990529-7	2018	By contrast, a reduction in the DNA replication rate with aphidicolin (0.4 muM) or hydroxyurea (40 muM) created smaller and rounder EBs and altered the expression levels of Wnt3a, Tbx6, and Cyp26a1 in a manner similar to trans-resveratrol.	Aphidicolin	58-69	cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	190-197
29788478-9	2018	However, FANCJ-R707C expressed in fancj-/- cells conferred resistance to the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, G-quadruplex ligand telomestatin, or DNA strand-breaker bleomycin, whereas FANCJ-H396D failed.	Aphidicolin	102-113	BRCA1 interacting helicase 1	Homo sapiens	9-14
29788478-9	2018	However, FANCJ-R707C expressed in fancj-/- cells conferred resistance to the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, G-quadruplex ligand telomestatin, or DNA strand-breaker bleomycin, whereas FANCJ-H396D failed.	Aphidicolin	102-113	BRCA1 interacting helicase 1	Homo sapiens	34-39
29788478-10	2018	Thus, a minimal threshold of FANCJ catalytic activity is required to overcome replication stress induced by aphidicolin or telomestatin, or to repair bleomycin-induced DNA breakage.	Aphidicolin	108-119	BRCA1 interacting helicase 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
29394375-1	2018	During mild replication stress provoked by low dose aphidicolin (APH) treatment, the key Fanconi anemia protein FANCD2 accumulates on common fragile sites, observed as sister foci, and protects genome stability.	Aphidicolin	52-63	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	112-118
29394375-1	2018	During mild replication stress provoked by low dose aphidicolin (APH) treatment, the key Fanconi anemia protein FANCD2 accumulates on common fragile sites, observed as sister foci, and protects genome stability.	Aphidicolin	65-68	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	112-118
29515758-8	2018	Finally, TDRD9 silencing caused hypersensitivity to the replication stress inducer aphidicolin, while overexpression of the protein increased resistance to the drug, suggesting that TDRD9 protects from replicative stress to TDRD9-positive tumor cells.	Aphidicolin	83-94	tudor domain containing 9	Homo sapiens	182-187
29515758-8	2018	Finally, TDRD9 silencing caused hypersensitivity to the replication stress inducer aphidicolin, while overexpression of the protein increased resistance to the drug, suggesting that TDRD9 protects from replicative stress to TDRD9-positive tumor cells.	Aphidicolin	83-94	tudor domain containing 9	Homo sapiens	182-187
27634334-6	2016	Chemical and cytotoxic induction of replication stress, through aphidicolin, gemcitabine, camptothecin or hydroxyurea exposure, activates transcription of APOBEC3B via an ATR/Chk1-dependent pathway in vitro.	Aphidicolin	64-75	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	171-174
28605669-10	2017	Importantly, Pol eta and kappa were still proficient in rescuing this stalled Pol delta synthesis, which may explain, in part, the CFS instability phenotype of aphidicolin-treated Pol eta and Pol kappa-deficient cells.	Aphidicolin	160-171	DNA polymerase lambda	Homo sapiens	192-201
28648892-3	2017	In contrast, we show here that ATM activation, and phosphorylation of its substrates KAP1, p53 and H2AX in response to the replication blocking agent aphidicolin was unaffected in both immortalized and primary ASCIZ/ATMIN-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts compared to control cells.	Aphidicolin	150-161	ataxia telangiectasia mutated	Mus musculus	31-34
28648892-3	2017	In contrast, we show here that ATM activation, and phosphorylation of its substrates KAP1, p53 and H2AX in response to the replication blocking agent aphidicolin was unaffected in both immortalized and primary ASCIZ/ATMIN-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts compared to control cells.	Aphidicolin	150-161	tripartite motif-containing 28	Mus musculus	85-89
28648892-3	2017	In contrast, we show here that ATM activation, and phosphorylation of its substrates KAP1, p53 and H2AX in response to the replication blocking agent aphidicolin was unaffected in both immortalized and primary ASCIZ/ATMIN-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts compared to control cells.	Aphidicolin	150-161	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	91-94
28648892-3	2017	In contrast, we show here that ATM activation, and phosphorylation of its substrates KAP1, p53 and H2AX in response to the replication blocking agent aphidicolin was unaffected in both immortalized and primary ASCIZ/ATMIN-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts compared to control cells.	Aphidicolin	150-161	H2A.X variant histone	Mus musculus	99-103
27815899-2	2017	When cultured in the presence of such inhibitors as hydroxyurea, aphidicolin or excess of thymidine the cells that become arrested at the entrance to S-phase upon release from the block initiate progression through S then G2 and M. However, exposure to these inhibitors at concentrations commonly used to synchronize cells leads to activation of ATR and ATM protein kinases as well as phosphorylation of Ser139 of histone H2AX.	Aphidicolin	65-76	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	346-349
27815899-2	2017	When cultured in the presence of such inhibitors as hydroxyurea, aphidicolin or excess of thymidine the cells that become arrested at the entrance to S-phase upon release from the block initiate progression through S then G2 and M. However, exposure to these inhibitors at concentrations commonly used to synchronize cells leads to activation of ATR and ATM protein kinases as well as phosphorylation of Ser139 of histone H2AX.	Aphidicolin	65-76	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	354-357
27815899-2	2017	When cultured in the presence of such inhibitors as hydroxyurea, aphidicolin or excess of thymidine the cells that become arrested at the entrance to S-phase upon release from the block initiate progression through S then G2 and M. However, exposure to these inhibitors at concentrations commonly used to synchronize cells leads to activation of ATR and ATM protein kinases as well as phosphorylation of Ser139 of histone H2AX.	Aphidicolin	65-76	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	422-426
27815899-6	2017	It also presents the protocol describing an assessment of phosphorylation of Ser139 on H2AX and activation of ATM in cells treated with aphidicolin, as a demonstrative of one of several DNA replication inhibitors that are being used for cell synchronization.	Aphidicolin	136-147	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	87-91
27815899-6	2017	It also presents the protocol describing an assessment of phosphorylation of Ser139 on H2AX and activation of ATM in cells treated with aphidicolin, as a demonstrative of one of several DNA replication inhibitors that are being used for cell synchronization.	Aphidicolin	136-147	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	110-113
27634334-6	2016	Chemical and cytotoxic induction of replication stress, through aphidicolin, gemcitabine, camptothecin or hydroxyurea exposure, activates transcription of APOBEC3B via an ATR/Chk1-dependent pathway in vitro.	Aphidicolin	64-75	apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B	Homo sapiens	155-163
27634334-6	2016	Chemical and cytotoxic induction of replication stress, through aphidicolin, gemcitabine, camptothecin or hydroxyurea exposure, activates transcription of APOBEC3B via an ATR/Chk1-dependent pathway in vitro.	Aphidicolin	64-75	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	175-179
27223263-5	2016	At the molecular level, aphidicolin enhanced purine analog-induced phosphorylation of p53 and accumulation of gammaH2AX, consistent with increase in DNA damage.	Aphidicolin	24-35	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	86-89
27179029-4	2016	In FANCJ helicase depleted cells, we show that hydroxyurea or aphidicolin treatment leads to loss of microsatellite polymerase chain reaction signals and to chromosome recombination at an ectopic hairpin forming CTG/CAG repeat in the HeLa genome.	Aphidicolin	62-73	BRCA1 interacting helicase 1	Homo sapiens	3-8
27149854-0	2016	A Comprehensive Analysis of the Dynamic Response to Aphidicolin-Mediated Replication Stress Uncovers Targets for ATM and ATMIN.	Aphidicolin	52-63	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	113-116
27149854-0	2016	A Comprehensive Analysis of the Dynamic Response to Aphidicolin-Mediated Replication Stress Uncovers Targets for ATM and ATMIN.	Aphidicolin	52-63	ATM interactor	Homo sapiens	121-126
26854228-4	2016	5hmC accumulates at damage foci induced by aphidicolin and microirradiation and colocalizes with major DNA damage response proteins 53BP1 and gammaH2AX, revealing 5hmC as an epigenetic marker of DNA damage.	Aphidicolin	43-54	BP1	Homo sapiens	134-137
26875667-2	2016	Recently, the ATM interactor (ATMIN) was identified as critical for replication stress-induced activation of ATM in response to aphidicolin and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	128-139	ATM interactor	Homo sapiens	14-28
26875667-2	2016	Recently, the ATM interactor (ATMIN) was identified as critical for replication stress-induced activation of ATM in response to aphidicolin and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	128-139	ATM interactor	Homo sapiens	30-35
26875667-2	2016	Recently, the ATM interactor (ATMIN) was identified as critical for replication stress-induced activation of ATM in response to aphidicolin and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	128-139	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	14-17
26773501-6	2016	The results showed that Cdt1 suppressed the excessive Rpa70 binding caused by extensive, aphidicolin-induced DNA unwinding; this unwinding occurs between stalled DNA polymerases and advancing replication forks.	Aphidicolin	89-100	chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	24-28
26773501-6	2016	The results showed that Cdt1 suppressed the excessive Rpa70 binding caused by extensive, aphidicolin-induced DNA unwinding; this unwinding occurs between stalled DNA polymerases and advancing replication forks.	Aphidicolin	89-100	replication protein A1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	54-59
26087403-6	2015	Comparison of the effects of three chemicals, dBIQdO, aphidicolin and caffeine, on IE1 localization allowed us to detect a shift from focal distribution to VS localization, suggesting that IE1 foci are disassembled prior to VS formation.	Aphidicolin	54-65	IE-1	Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus	83-86
26087403-6	2015	Comparison of the effects of three chemicals, dBIQdO, aphidicolin and caffeine, on IE1 localization allowed us to detect a shift from focal distribution to VS localization, suggesting that IE1 foci are disassembled prior to VS formation.	Aphidicolin	54-65	IE-1	Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus	189-192
25659033-4	2015	Importantly, we recently showed that FANCD2 has additional independent roles: it binds chromatin and acts in concert with the BLM helicase complex to promote the restart of aphidicolin (APH)-stalled replication forks, while suppressing the firing of new replication origins.	Aphidicolin	173-184	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	37-43
25656653-6	2015	Importantly, suppression of DNA replication in vivo with aphidicolin led to a significant inhibition of the p53 pathway in DKO pancreas, implying a causal link between DNA replication stress and p53 activation in this model.	Aphidicolin	57-68	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	108-111
25656653-6	2015	Importantly, suppression of DNA replication in vivo with aphidicolin led to a significant inhibition of the p53 pathway in DKO pancreas, implying a causal link between DNA replication stress and p53 activation in this model.	Aphidicolin	57-68	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	195-198
25732194-4	2015	Concomitant treatment of JT/Neo cells with 2-MeO-E2 and the G1/S blocking agent aphidicolin resulted in G1/S arrest and abrogation of all apoptotic events, including Cdk1 activation, phosphorylation of Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bim, and ROS accumulation.	Aphidicolin	80-91	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
25732194-4	2015	Concomitant treatment of JT/Neo cells with 2-MeO-E2 and the G1/S blocking agent aphidicolin resulted in G1/S arrest and abrogation of all apoptotic events, including Cdk1 activation, phosphorylation of Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bim, and ROS accumulation.	Aphidicolin	80-91	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	202-207
25732194-4	2015	Concomitant treatment of JT/Neo cells with 2-MeO-E2 and the G1/S blocking agent aphidicolin resulted in G1/S arrest and abrogation of all apoptotic events, including Cdk1 activation, phosphorylation of Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bim, and ROS accumulation.	Aphidicolin	80-91	MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member	Homo sapiens	209-214
25497329-7	2015	Interestingly, POLD3 was found modified most significantly in response to a low dose aphidicolin treatment protocol that promotes common fragile site (CFS) breakage.	Aphidicolin	85-96	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	15-20
25948499-0	2015	Aphidicolin inhibits cell proliferation via the p53-GADD45beta pathway in AtT-20 cells.	Aphidicolin	0-11	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	48-51
25948499-0	2015	Aphidicolin inhibits cell proliferation via the p53-GADD45beta pathway in AtT-20 cells.	Aphidicolin	0-11	growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta	Mus musculus	52-62
25948499-4	2015	In the present study, we determined ACTH production and cell proliferation of AtT-20 corticotroph tumor cells following treatment with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	135-146	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	36-40
25948499-5	2015	Aphidicolin decreased proopiomelanocortin mRNA levels in AtT-20 cells and the levels of ACTH in the culture medium of these cells.	Aphidicolin	0-11	pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha	Mus musculus	88-92
25948499-8	2015	Aphidicolin decreased the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein and Akt.	Aphidicolin	0-11	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	113-116
25948499-9	2015	Aphidicolin increased the levels of tumor protein 27 (p27) and 53 (p53), while it decreased cyclin E levels.	Aphidicolin	0-11	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Mus musculus	42-52
25948499-9	2015	Aphidicolin increased the levels of tumor protein 27 (p27) and 53 (p53), while it decreased cyclin E levels.	Aphidicolin	0-11	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Mus musculus	54-57
25948499-9	2015	Aphidicolin increased the levels of tumor protein 27 (p27) and 53 (p53), while it decreased cyclin E levels.	Aphidicolin	0-11	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	67-70
25948499-10	2015	Aphidicolin also increased the mRNA levels of the stress response gene growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45beta (GADD45beta), a putative downstream target of p53.	Aphidicolin	0-11	growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta	Mus musculus	71-116
25948499-10	2015	Aphidicolin also increased the mRNA levels of the stress response gene growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45beta (GADD45beta), a putative downstream target of p53.	Aphidicolin	0-11	growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta	Mus musculus	118-128
25948499-10	2015	Aphidicolin also increased the mRNA levels of the stress response gene growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45beta (GADD45beta), a putative downstream target of p53.	Aphidicolin	0-11	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	163-166
25948499-13	2015	Thus, aphidicolin inhibits cell proliferation via the p53-GADD45beta pathway in AtT-20 cells.	Aphidicolin	6-17	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	54-57
25948499-13	2015	Thus, aphidicolin inhibits cell proliferation via the p53-GADD45beta pathway in AtT-20 cells.	Aphidicolin	6-17	growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta	Mus musculus	58-68
25135477-4	2014	Importantly, FANCD2 has additional independent functions: it binds chromatin and coordinates the restart of aphidicolin (APH)-stalled replication forks in concert with the BLM helicase, while protecting forks from nucleolytic degradation by MRE11.	Aphidicolin	108-119	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	13-19
25429975-4	2014	Here we report the crystal structure of the catalytic core of human DNA polymerase alpha (Pol alpha) in the ternary complex with an RNA-primed DNA template and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	160-171	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	68-88
25429975-4	2014	Here we report the crystal structure of the catalytic core of human DNA polymerase alpha (Pol alpha) in the ternary complex with an RNA-primed DNA template and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	160-171	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	90-99
25429975-6	2014	The structure provides a plausible mechanism for the selectivity of aphidicolin incorporation opposite template guanine and explains why previous modifications of aphidicolin failed to improve its affinity for Pol alpha.	Aphidicolin	68-79	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	210-219
25429975-6	2014	The structure provides a plausible mechanism for the selectivity of aphidicolin incorporation opposite template guanine and explains why previous modifications of aphidicolin failed to improve its affinity for Pol alpha.	Aphidicolin	163-174	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	210-219
24335252-10	2014	Furthermore, DNA demethylation induced by PRDM14 takes place normally in the presence of aphidicolin, which is an inhibitor of G1/S progression.	Aphidicolin	89-100	PR/SET domain 14	Homo sapiens	42-48
25299602-7	2014	Analysis of results obtained after treating these cells with aphidicolin and camptothecin revealed that Arp8 is involved in DNA repair.	Aphidicolin	61-72	actin related protein 8	Homo sapiens	104-108
25298785-6	2014	The breakpoint was close to the folate sensitive rare fragile site FRA11B and the aphidicolin inducible common fragile site FRA11G, the co-localization fragile site could have caused instability and constitutional chromosomal breakage.	Aphidicolin	82-93	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(11)(q23.3)	Homo sapiens	124-130
24556218-8	2014	Following cellular treatment with a replication inhibitor, aphidicolin, FANCD2 recruits CtIP to transiently stalled, as well as collapsed, replication forks on chromatin.	Aphidicolin	59-70	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	72-78
24556218-8	2014	Following cellular treatment with a replication inhibitor, aphidicolin, FANCD2 recruits CtIP to transiently stalled, as well as collapsed, replication forks on chromatin.	Aphidicolin	59-70	RB binding protein 8, endonuclease	Homo sapiens	88-92
24623817-7	2014	Loss of RECQL1 results in dysfunctional telomeres, telomere loss and telomere shortening, elevation of telomere sister-chromatid exchanges and increased aphidicolin-induced telomere fragility, indicating a role for RECQL1 in telomere maintenance.	Aphidicolin	153-164	RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	8-14
24573676-9	2014	Proteasome-dependent degradation of chromatin-bound Top1 was induced in TIPIN KO cells upon CPT treatment, and pretreatment with aphidicolin, a DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppressed both CPT sensitivity and Top1 degradation.	Aphidicolin	129-140	TIMELESS interacting protein	Gallus gallus	72-77
24710897-6	2014	In addition, protein expression profiles also revealed that aphidicolin is able to influence microtubule dynamics, modulate proteasome activator complex expression, and control the inflammatory cascade through overexpression of thymosin beta 4, RhoGDI2, and 14-3-3 proteins.	Aphidicolin	60-71	thymosin beta 4 X-linked	Homo sapiens	228-243
24710897-6	2014	In addition, protein expression profiles also revealed that aphidicolin is able to influence microtubule dynamics, modulate proteasome activator complex expression, and control the inflammatory cascade through overexpression of thymosin beta 4, RhoGDI2, and 14-3-3 proteins.	Aphidicolin	60-71	Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta	Homo sapiens	245-252
22665057-4	2013	Centriole overduplication assays in aphidicolin-arrested p53-deficient U2OS cells, in which the cell and the centrosome cycles are uncoupled, revealed that the effects of RhoD and its mutants on centrosome duplication and cell cycle are independent.	Aphidicolin	36-47	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	57-60
24163101-2	2014	Here we demonstrate that H2AX is dynamically reorganized to preoccupy gammaH2AX hotspots on increased replication stress by activated cell proliferation and that H2AX is enriched in aphidicolin-induced replisome stalling sites in cycling cells.	Aphidicolin	182-193	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	25-29
24163101-2	2014	Here we demonstrate that H2AX is dynamically reorganized to preoccupy gammaH2AX hotspots on increased replication stress by activated cell proliferation and that H2AX is enriched in aphidicolin-induced replisome stalling sites in cycling cells.	Aphidicolin	182-193	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	75-79
24040417-4	2013	The purpose of this study was to investigate these initial events through the detection of aphidicolin (APH)-induced DNA breakage within the RET oncogene, in which 144 APH-induced DNA breakpoints were mapped on the nucleotide level in human thyroid cells within intron 11 of RET, the breakpoint cluster region found in patients.	Aphidicolin	91-102	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	141-144
24040417-4	2013	The purpose of this study was to investigate these initial events through the detection of aphidicolin (APH)-induced DNA breakage within the RET oncogene, in which 144 APH-induced DNA breakpoints were mapped on the nucleotide level in human thyroid cells within intron 11 of RET, the breakpoint cluster region found in patients.	Aphidicolin	91-102	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	275-278
24040417-4	2013	The purpose of this study was to investigate these initial events through the detection of aphidicolin (APH)-induced DNA breakage within the RET oncogene, in which 144 APH-induced DNA breakpoints were mapped on the nucleotide level in human thyroid cells within intron 11 of RET, the breakpoint cluster region found in patients.	Aphidicolin	104-107	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	141-144
24040417-4	2013	The purpose of this study was to investigate these initial events through the detection of aphidicolin (APH)-induced DNA breakage within the RET oncogene, in which 144 APH-induced DNA breakpoints were mapped on the nucleotide level in human thyroid cells within intron 11 of RET, the breakpoint cluster region found in patients.	Aphidicolin	104-107	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	275-278
23596177-7	2013	Attenuation of replication stress (aphidicolin or hydroxyurea) is followed by a recovery of Myo16 expression and resumption of S-phase progression.	Aphidicolin	35-46	myosin XVI	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
23601052-6	2013	We have also tested the sensitivity of RECQ1-depleted cells to aphidicolin induced replication stress.	Aphidicolin	63-74	RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	39-44
23601052-9	2013	Consistent with a role in promoting fork recovery or repair, RECQ1 is specifically enriched at two major fragile sites FRA3B and FRA16D where replication forks have stalled following aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	183-194	RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	61-66
23601052-9	2013	Consistent with a role in promoting fork recovery or repair, RECQ1 is specifically enriched at two major fragile sites FRA3B and FRA16D where replication forks have stalled following aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	183-194	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	119-124
23601052-9	2013	Consistent with a role in promoting fork recovery or repair, RECQ1 is specifically enriched at two major fragile sites FRA3B and FRA16D where replication forks have stalled following aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	183-194	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(16)(q23.2)	Homo sapiens	129-135
23601052-10	2013	RECQ1-depletion results in attenuated checkpoint activation in response to replication stress, increased sensitivity to aphidicolin and chromosomal instability.	Aphidicolin	120-131	RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	0-5
22665057-4	2013	Centriole overduplication assays in aphidicolin-arrested p53-deficient U2OS cells, in which the cell and the centrosome cycles are uncoupled, revealed that the effects of RhoD and its mutants on centrosome duplication and cell cycle are independent.	Aphidicolin	36-47	ras homolog family member D	Homo sapiens	171-175
23573231-9	2013	In contrast with DSB-repair-deficient cells, chicken DT40 cells deficient in PIF1 or ATRIP, which molecules contribute to the completion of DNA replication, displayed higher numbers of mitotic chromosomal breaks induced by aphidicolin than did wild-type cells, suggesting that single-strand gaps left unreplicated may result in mitotic chromosomal breaks.	Aphidicolin	223-234	PIF1 5'-to-3' DNA helicase	Gallus gallus	77-81
23303771-4	2013	The genomic instability induced by Rev3 depletion seems to be related to replication stress, as it is further enhanced on aphidicolin treatment and results in increased metaphase-specific Fanconi anemia complementation group D type 2 (FANCD2) foci formation, as well as FANCD2-positive anaphase bridges.	Aphidicolin	122-133	REV3 like, DNA directed polymerase zeta catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	35-39
23573231-9	2013	In contrast with DSB-repair-deficient cells, chicken DT40 cells deficient in PIF1 or ATRIP, which molecules contribute to the completion of DNA replication, displayed higher numbers of mitotic chromosomal breaks induced by aphidicolin than did wild-type cells, suggesting that single-strand gaps left unreplicated may result in mitotic chromosomal breaks.	Aphidicolin	223-234	ATR interacting protein	Gallus gallus	85-90
23047005-0	2012	Implication of RPA32 phosphorylation in S-phase checkpoint signalling at replication forks stalled with aphidicolin in Xenopus egg extracts.	Aphidicolin	104-115	replication protein A2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	15-20
23047005-5	2012	We show that phospho-deficient mutants of RPA32 stimulate checkpoint signalling at replication forks arrested with aphidicolin at both the initiation and the elongation step of DNA replication, without affecting DNA synthesis.	Aphidicolin	115-126	replication protein A2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	42-47
21775519-8	2011	In a HERC2-dependent manner, treatment of cells with replication inhibitor aphidicolin enhanced MCM2 phosphorylation.	Aphidicolin	75-86	HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2	Homo sapiens	5-10
22505579-4	2012	Both IR-induced RAD51 foci and HR events in the hprt gene are reduced in the presence of replication polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin (APH).	Aphidicolin	122-133	RAD51 recombinase	Homo sapiens	16-21
22505579-4	2012	Both IR-induced RAD51 foci and HR events in the hprt gene are reduced in the presence of replication polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin (APH).	Aphidicolin	122-133	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
22505579-4	2012	Both IR-induced RAD51 foci and HR events in the hprt gene are reduced in the presence of replication polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin (APH).	Aphidicolin	135-138	RAD51 recombinase	Homo sapiens	16-21
22505579-4	2012	Both IR-induced RAD51 foci and HR events in the hprt gene are reduced in the presence of replication polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin (APH).	Aphidicolin	135-138	hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
22576367-7	2012	BLM localization, particularly its recruitment to telomeres, changes in response to replication dysfunction, such as in WRN-deficient cells or after aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	149-160	BLM RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	0-3
22490700-9	2012	Accordingly, treatment of CLL cells with aphidicolin, which enhances dCK activity through Ser-74 phosphorylation, did not modify the conversion of CdA or F-Ara-A into their active triphosphate form.	Aphidicolin	41-52	sticky	Drosophila melanogaster	69-72
22293751-3	2012	After exposure of cells to hydroxyurea or aphidicolin, APRIN and other cohesin components associate with BRCA2 in early S-phase.	Aphidicolin	42-53	PDS5 cohesin associated factor B	Homo sapiens	55-60
22293751-3	2012	After exposure of cells to hydroxyurea or aphidicolin, APRIN and other cohesin components associate with BRCA2 in early S-phase.	Aphidicolin	42-53	BRCA2 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	105-110
22448250-7	2012	An aberrant G2/M checkpoint was found in mp29 gene trap embryos when exposed to aphidicolin and UV light.	Aphidicolin	80-91	SYF2 homolog, RNA splicing factor (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	41-45
21947279-4	2011	Furthermore, Orc2-S188 phosphorylation is enhanced when DNA replication is under challenge induced by ultraviolet, hydroxyurea, gemcitabine, or aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	144-155	origin recognition complex subunit 2	Homo sapiens	13-17
21745822-10	2011	ACF1-depleted cells that are challenged with aphidicolin enter mitosis despite persistence of lesions and accumulate breaks in metaphase chromosomes.	Aphidicolin	45-56	bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 1A	Homo sapiens	0-4
21907702-5	2011	The mutation strongly attenuates aphidicolin induced Chk1 activation without altering the S-phase dependent Chk1 activation.	Aphidicolin	33-44	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-57
21775519-8	2011	In a HERC2-dependent manner, treatment of cells with replication inhibitor aphidicolin enhanced MCM2 phosphorylation.	Aphidicolin	75-86	minichromosome maintenance complex component 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
21708134-3	2011	Treatment with the cell cycle inhibitors, aphidicolin or nocodazole also revealed increased NDRG1 phosphorylation in p53-deficient cells.	Aphidicolin	42-53	N-myc downstream regulated 1	Homo sapiens	92-97
21708134-3	2011	Treatment with the cell cycle inhibitors, aphidicolin or nocodazole also revealed increased NDRG1 phosphorylation in p53-deficient cells.	Aphidicolin	42-53	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	117-120
21558560-5	2011	We showed that RNF8 depletion, but not RNF168 depletion, hyper-sensitized cells to hydroxyurea and aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	99-110	ring finger protein 8	Homo sapiens	15-19
21444690-4	2011	Notably, we find that incubating cells with low aphidicolin doses increases the incidence and number of 53BP1-OPT domains in G1 cells, and by chromatin immunoprecipitation and massively parallel sequencing analysis of gammaH2AX, we demonstrate that OPT domains are enriched at common fragile sites.	Aphidicolin	48-59	tumor protein p53 binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	104-109
21444690-4	2011	Notably, we find that incubating cells with low aphidicolin doses increases the incidence and number of 53BP1-OPT domains in G1 cells, and by chromatin immunoprecipitation and massively parallel sequencing analysis of gammaH2AX, we demonstrate that OPT domains are enriched at common fragile sites.	Aphidicolin	48-59	opticin	Homo sapiens	110-113
21444690-4	2011	Notably, we find that incubating cells with low aphidicolin doses increases the incidence and number of 53BP1-OPT domains in G1 cells, and by chromatin immunoprecipitation and massively parallel sequencing analysis of gammaH2AX, we demonstrate that OPT domains are enriched at common fragile sites.	Aphidicolin	48-59	opticin	Homo sapiens	249-252
20598272-2	2010	PARK2 and DMD, the causative genes for autosomal-recessive juvenile Parkinsonism and Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy, respectively, are two very large genes that are located within aphidicolin-induced CFSs.	Aphidicolin	188-199	parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	0-5
21212274-10	2011	In support of this hypothesis, DNA replication inhibitors such as hydroxyurea and aphidicolin similarly enhanced TAp73alpha expression and Chk1 phosphorylation.	Aphidicolin	82-93	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	139-143
21785230-6	2011	The XRCC4-deficient cells were highly sensitive to etoposide and 5-fluoro-2"-deoxyuridine as well as IR, and moderately sensitive to camptothecin, methyl methanesulfonate, cisplatin, mitomycin C, aphidicolin and hydroxyurea, compared to the parental HCT116 cells.	Aphidicolin	196-207	X-ray repair cross complementing 4	Homo sapiens	4-9
20851513-7	2010	Our findings show that the three breakpoints are localized in the sequence of three CFSs: FRA2H (2q32.1-q32.2), which here has been characterized molecularly; FRA2S (2q22.3-q23.3), a newly localized aphidicolin inducible CFS; and FRA2G (2q24.3-q31).	Aphidicolin	199-210	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(2)(q32.1)	Homo sapiens	90-95
20585795-10	2010	Aphidicolin might increase the occurrence of breakage events at FRA6E by prolonging the time interval separating the replication of early and late replication domains.	Aphidicolin	0-11	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(6)(q26)	Homo sapiens	64-69
20398392-8	2010	Kinetic experiments, employing serum withdrawal, and stathmokinetic analysis with aphidicolin, mimosine or nocodazole demonstrated that cells with high levels of Mcm6* cycled with the committed phases of the cell cycle (S, G2, and M).	Aphidicolin	82-93	minichromosome maintenance complex component 6	Homo sapiens	162-166
20413351-5	2010	This reduction in breakage is accompanied by a reduction in aphidicolin-induced RPA foci, CHK1 and RPA2 phosphorylation, and PCNA monoubiquitination, indicative of reduced levels of single stranded DNA.	Aphidicolin	60-71	replication protein A2	Homo sapiens	99-103
20222764-4	2010	The modeled structure of the enzyme was used for docking selective inhibitors (nucleotide analogs and the non-nucleoside inhibitor aphidicolin) in its active site in order to design new drugs for actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).	Aphidicolin	131-142	serpin family B member 3	Homo sapiens	243-246
20052289-5	2010	Using the optimized conditions, we report that treatment of HDFs with inhibitors of cell cycle progression, such as aphidicolin or CGK1026, which resulted in reduced steady-state levels of IFI16 mRNA and protein, was associated with increases in hTERT mRNA and protein levels and telomerase activity.	Aphidicolin	116-127	interferon gamma inducible protein 16	Homo sapiens	189-194
20060399-0	2010	ATR preferentially interacts with common fragile site FRA3B and the binding requires its kinase activity in response to aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	120-131	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-3
20060399-0	2010	ATR preferentially interacts with common fragile site FRA3B and the binding requires its kinase activity in response to aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	120-131	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	54-59
20060399-5	2010	Interestingly, the amount of ATR protein that bound to three regions of FRA3B peaked at 0.4microM aphidicolin (APH) treatment and decreased again at higher concentrations of APH.	Aphidicolin	98-109	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	29-32
20060399-5	2010	Interestingly, the amount of ATR protein that bound to three regions of FRA3B peaked at 0.4microM aphidicolin (APH) treatment and decreased again at higher concentrations of APH.	Aphidicolin	98-109	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	72-77
20060399-5	2010	Interestingly, the amount of ATR protein that bound to three regions of FRA3B peaked at 0.4microM aphidicolin (APH) treatment and decreased again at higher concentrations of APH.	Aphidicolin	111-114	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	29-32
20060399-5	2010	Interestingly, the amount of ATR protein that bound to three regions of FRA3B peaked at 0.4microM aphidicolin (APH) treatment and decreased again at higher concentrations of APH.	Aphidicolin	111-114	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	72-77
20060399-8	2010	Furthermore, inhibition of ATR kinase activity by treatment with 2-aminopurine (2-AP) or by over-expression of a kinase-dead ATR mutant showed that the kinase activity is required for the binding of ATR to fragile DNAs in response to APH treatment.	Aphidicolin	234-237	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	27-30
20060399-8	2010	Furthermore, inhibition of ATR kinase activity by treatment with 2-aminopurine (2-AP) or by over-expression of a kinase-dead ATR mutant showed that the kinase activity is required for the binding of ATR to fragile DNAs in response to APH treatment.	Aphidicolin	234-237	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	125-128
20060399-8	2010	Furthermore, inhibition of ATR kinase activity by treatment with 2-aminopurine (2-AP) or by over-expression of a kinase-dead ATR mutant showed that the kinase activity is required for the binding of ATR to fragile DNAs in response to APH treatment.	Aphidicolin	234-237	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	125-128
20052289-5	2010	Using the optimized conditions, we report that treatment of HDFs with inhibitors of cell cycle progression, such as aphidicolin or CGK1026, which resulted in reduced steady-state levels of IFI16 mRNA and protein, was associated with increases in hTERT mRNA and protein levels and telomerase activity.	Aphidicolin	116-127	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Homo sapiens	246-251
19619158-5	2009	Employing this screen, we isolated a novel mutant, termed hus2 (hydroxyurea-sensitive), that displays hypersensitivity to HU, aphidicolin and ionizing radiation, similar to atr mutants.	Aphidicolin	126-137	DNA-directed DNA polymerase delta subunit POL31	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	58-62
19951326-2	2009	When the embryo was continuously treated with aphidicolin from the 32-cell stage, Ci-AChE was not expressed even when control embryos reached the tailbud stage.	Aphidicolin	46-57	acetylcholinesterase	Ciona intestinalis	85-89
19951326-10	2009	Aphidicolin treatment from the 32-cell stage suppressed the expression of Ci-MyoD, even when control embryos reached the gastrula stage.	Aphidicolin	0-11	transcription factor protein	Ciona intestinalis	77-81
19951326-11	2009	These results suggest that a lack of Ci-MyoD is critical to the suppression of Ci-AChE in aphidicolin-treated embryos.	Aphidicolin	90-101	transcription factor protein	Ciona intestinalis	40-44
19951326-11	2009	These results suggest that a lack of Ci-MyoD is critical to the suppression of Ci-AChE in aphidicolin-treated embryos.	Aphidicolin	90-101	acetylcholinesterase	Ciona intestinalis	82-86
19760606-5	2009	Following aphidicolin treatment, we found a transient increase of Claspin synthesis due to its requirement to checkpoint activation.	Aphidicolin	10-21	claspin	Homo sapiens	66-73
19760606-6	2009	However, Claspin synthesis decreased after a prolonged aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	55-66	claspin	Homo sapiens	9-16
19465921-6	2009	FANCD2 chromosomal localization is responsive to replicative stress and specifically targets aphidicolin (APH)-induced chromatid gaps and breaks.	Aphidicolin	93-104	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	0-6
19679647-6	2009	MTS are also elevated in ATR-deficient MEFs or upon treatment with aphidicolin, two conditions known to induce breakage at fragile sites, suggesting that TRF1-depleted telomeres are prone to breakage.	Aphidicolin	67-78	telomeric repeat binding factor 1	Mus musculus	154-158
19423708-2	2009	Here we show that these same sites are also phosphorylated by ATR in response to various types of replication stress including UVC, aphidicolin, and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	132-143	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	62-65
19465392-6	2009	Since both ATR and ATM are involved in preventing aphidicolin-sensitive fragile sites, our data suggest that the lesions responsible for aphidicolin-induced and FdU-induced fragile sites differ.	Aphidicolin	50-61	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	11-14
19465392-6	2009	Since both ATR and ATM are involved in preventing aphidicolin-sensitive fragile sites, our data suggest that the lesions responsible for aphidicolin-induced and FdU-induced fragile sites differ.	Aphidicolin	50-61	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	19-22
19465392-6	2009	Since both ATR and ATM are involved in preventing aphidicolin-sensitive fragile sites, our data suggest that the lesions responsible for aphidicolin-induced and FdU-induced fragile sites differ.	Aphidicolin	137-148	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	11-14
19465392-6	2009	Since both ATR and ATM are involved in preventing aphidicolin-sensitive fragile sites, our data suggest that the lesions responsible for aphidicolin-induced and FdU-induced fragile sites differ.	Aphidicolin	137-148	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	19-22
19465921-6	2009	FANCD2 chromosomal localization is responsive to replicative stress and specifically targets aphidicolin (APH)-induced chromatid gaps and breaks.	Aphidicolin	106-109	FA complementation group D2	Homo sapiens	0-6
18615677-6	2008	Cell clones containing integrated FRA3B BACs showed a significant, three to sevenfold increase in aphidicolin-induced gaps and breaks at the integration site as compared to control BACs.	Aphidicolin	98-109	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	34-39
19414815-10	2009	ULBP1 expression in HNSCC cells was not increased by several ATM/ATR activating treatments, including bleomycin, cisplatin, aphidicolin, and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	124-135	UL16 binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
19269999-6	2009	In isolated nuclei, PGG inhibited DNA replicative synthesis with superior efficacy than a known DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor, aphidocolin.	Aphidicolin	128-139	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	96-116
19148588-4	2009	In aphidicolin-synchronized cells, the activity of ERK was low during early S phase and increased at late S and G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	3-14	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	51-54
19109974-2	2009	Here, we show that induction of dual phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK by the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin was not ameliorated by additional exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, indicating that overlapping mechanisms participate in signaling to SAPK/JNK triggered by both agents.	Aphidicolin	97-108	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	61-64
19109974-2	2009	Here, we show that induction of dual phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK by the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin was not ameliorated by additional exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, indicating that overlapping mechanisms participate in signaling to SAPK/JNK triggered by both agents.	Aphidicolin	97-108	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	251-254
19016859-9	2008	In nuclei formed in egg extract, XEco2 was loaded into the chromatin at a constant level in a manner sensitive to geminin, an inhibitor of the pre-replication complex assembly, but insensitive to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases.	Aphidicolin	196-207	establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-acetyltransferase 2 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	33-38
18615677-6	2008	Cell clones containing integrated FRA3B BACs showed a significant, three to sevenfold increase in aphidicolin-induced gaps and breaks at the integration site as compared to control BACs.	Aphidicolin	98-109	solute carrier family 27 member 5	Homo sapiens	40-44
18615677-6	2008	Cell clones containing integrated FRA3B BACs showed a significant, three to sevenfold increase in aphidicolin-induced gaps and breaks at the integration site as compared to control BACs.	Aphidicolin	98-109	solute carrier family 27 member 5	Homo sapiens	181-185
18583959-3	2008	Here, we show that the replication stress inducers hydroxyurea (HU) and aphidicolin also activate this ATM-dependent signalling pathway.	Aphidicolin	72-83	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	103-106
18616816-6	2008	This effect was enhanced by the induction of DNA replication stress using the DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	109-120	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	78-98
18616816-7	2008	Cells manipulated to stably express H2AX did not contain soluble H2AX, however, short-term treatment with aphidicolin (1 h) resulted in detectable amounts of H2AX in the soluble nuclear fraction and enhanced apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	106-117	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	36-40
18616816-7	2008	Cells manipulated to stably express H2AX did not contain soluble H2AX, however, short-term treatment with aphidicolin (1 h) resulted in detectable amounts of H2AX in the soluble nuclear fraction and enhanced apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	106-117	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	65-69
18616816-7	2008	Cells manipulated to stably express H2AX did not contain soluble H2AX, however, short-term treatment with aphidicolin (1 h) resulted in detectable amounts of H2AX in the soluble nuclear fraction and enhanced apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	106-117	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	65-69
18414041-5	2008	To better understand what regulates Chk1 activation at the MBT, embryos were treated with aphidicolin, at different developmental times and for different lengths of time, to reduce the DNA content at the MBT.	Aphidicolin	90-101	checkpoint kinase 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	36-40
18353733-3	2008	We show that Xenopus PCNA becomes ubiquitinated and sumoylated after replication stress induced by UV or aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	105-116	proliferating cell nuclear antigen S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	21-25
18209099-4	2008	We demonstrate that in response to mild doses of aphidicolin, WRN is efficiently relocalized in nuclear foci in replicating cells and that WRN deficiency is associated with accumulation of gaps and breaks at common fragile sites even under unperturbed conditions.	Aphidicolin	49-60	WRN RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	62-65
18309293-3	2008	Using Xenopus laevis egg extracts, we demonstrate that Plx1, the Xenopus orthologue of Plk1, is required for DNA replication in the presence of stalled replication forks induced by aphidicolin, etoposide or reduced levels of DNA-bound Mcm complexes.	Aphidicolin	181-192	polo like kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	55-59
18309293-3	2008	Using Xenopus laevis egg extracts, we demonstrate that Plx1, the Xenopus orthologue of Plk1, is required for DNA replication in the presence of stalled replication forks induced by aphidicolin, etoposide or reduced levels of DNA-bound Mcm complexes.	Aphidicolin	181-192	polo like kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	87-91
18341260-5	2008	Furthermore, the study could explain, at least partially, the inhibitory effect of aphidicolin on pol alpha.	Aphidicolin	83-94	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	98-107
18162546-5	2008	Here, we have produced FHIT/FRA3B deletions closely resembling those in tumors by exposing human-mouse chromosome 3 somatic hybrid cells to aphidicolin-mediated replication stress.	Aphidicolin	140-151	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	23-27
18162546-5	2008	Here, we have produced FHIT/FRA3B deletions closely resembling those in tumors by exposing human-mouse chromosome 3 somatic hybrid cells to aphidicolin-mediated replication stress.	Aphidicolin	140-151	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	28-33
18078840-8	2008	Thirteen aphidicolin inducible common fragile sites (FRA2G, FRA3B, FRA4F, FRA6E, FRA6F, FRA7E, FRA7G, FRA7H, FRA7I, FRA8C, FRA9E, FRA16D and FRAXB) have been characterized at a molecular level and found to represent relatively AT-rich DNA areas, but without any expanded repeat motifs.	Aphidicolin	9-20	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(2)(q31)	Homo sapiens	53-58
18078840-8	2008	Thirteen aphidicolin inducible common fragile sites (FRA2G, FRA3B, FRA4F, FRA6E, FRA6F, FRA7E, FRA7G, FRA7H, FRA7I, FRA8C, FRA9E, FRA16D and FRAXB) have been characterized at a molecular level and found to represent relatively AT-rich DNA areas, but without any expanded repeat motifs.	Aphidicolin	9-20	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(6)(q26)	Homo sapiens	74-79
18078840-8	2008	Thirteen aphidicolin inducible common fragile sites (FRA2G, FRA3B, FRA4F, FRA6E, FRA6F, FRA7E, FRA7G, FRA7H, FRA7I, FRA8C, FRA9E, FRA16D and FRAXB) have been characterized at a molecular level and found to represent relatively AT-rich DNA areas, but without any expanded repeat motifs.	Aphidicolin	9-20	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(9)(q32)	Homo sapiens	123-128
18078840-8	2008	Thirteen aphidicolin inducible common fragile sites (FRA2G, FRA3B, FRA4F, FRA6E, FRA6F, FRA7E, FRA7G, FRA7H, FRA7I, FRA8C, FRA9E, FRA16D and FRAXB) have been characterized at a molecular level and found to represent relatively AT-rich DNA areas, but without any expanded repeat motifs.	Aphidicolin	9-20	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(16)(q23.2)	Homo sapiens	130-136
18078840-8	2008	Thirteen aphidicolin inducible common fragile sites (FRA2G, FRA3B, FRA4F, FRA6E, FRA6F, FRA7E, FRA7G, FRA7H, FRA7I, FRA8C, FRA9E, FRA16D and FRAXB) have been characterized at a molecular level and found to represent relatively AT-rich DNA areas, but without any expanded repeat motifs.	Aphidicolin	9-20	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(X)(p22.31) B	Homo sapiens	141-146
17668870-0	2007	Novel aphidicolin-inducible common fragile site FRA9G maps to 9p22.2, within the C9orf39 gene.	Aphidicolin	6-17	centlein	Homo sapiens	81-88
17912033-3	2007	We found that following knock-down of Plk2 in wild-type p53 expressing H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cells there was a significant increase in cell death observed in aphidicolin-treated cells and a further increase after release from aphidicolin-block.	Aphidicolin	174-185	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
17912033-3	2007	We found that following knock-down of Plk2 in wild-type p53 expressing H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cells there was a significant increase in cell death observed in aphidicolin-treated cells and a further increase after release from aphidicolin-block.	Aphidicolin	174-185	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	56-59
17912033-3	2007	We found that following knock-down of Plk2 in wild-type p53 expressing H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cells there was a significant increase in cell death observed in aphidicolin-treated cells and a further increase after release from aphidicolin-block.	Aphidicolin	242-253	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
17912033-3	2007	We found that following knock-down of Plk2 in wild-type p53 expressing H460 human non-small cell lung cancer cells there was a significant increase in cell death observed in aphidicolin-treated cells and a further increase after release from aphidicolin-block.	Aphidicolin	242-253	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	56-59
17912033-4	2007	The highest levels of cell death were observed when Plk2-deficient cells were released from both aphidicolin and etoposide treatment.	Aphidicolin	97-108	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	52-56
17912033-6	2007	Consistent with this hypothesis, we observed higher levels of Serine 139 H2AX phosphorylation in Plk2-deficient as compared to control cells before and after aphidicolin treatment indicating that there is more DNA damage when Plk2 is depleted.	Aphidicolin	158-169	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	73-77
17912033-6	2007	Consistent with this hypothesis, we observed higher levels of Serine 139 H2AX phosphorylation in Plk2-deficient as compared to control cells before and after aphidicolin treatment indicating that there is more DNA damage when Plk2 is depleted.	Aphidicolin	158-169	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	97-101
17912033-6	2007	Consistent with this hypothesis, we observed higher levels of Serine 139 H2AX phosphorylation in Plk2-deficient as compared to control cells before and after aphidicolin treatment indicating that there is more DNA damage when Plk2 is depleted.	Aphidicolin	158-169	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	226-230
17912033-8	2007	In aphidicolin-treated cells, there were lower levels of Serine 317-phosphorylated Chk1 when Plk2 was knocked-down.	Aphidicolin	3-14	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
17912033-8	2007	In aphidicolin-treated cells, there were lower levels of Serine 317-phosphorylated Chk1 when Plk2 was knocked-down.	Aphidicolin	3-14	polo like kinase 2	Homo sapiens	93-97
17885813-8	2007	Cells arrested in different cell cycle stages using mimosine (late G1), hydroxyurea or aphidicolin (S phase) or nocodazole (mitosis) exhibit expected reductions in Runx2 protein levels despite reductions in Lef1.	Aphidicolin	87-98	runt related transcription factor 2	Mus musculus	164-169
17885813-8	2007	Cells arrested in different cell cycle stages using mimosine (late G1), hydroxyurea or aphidicolin (S phase) or nocodazole (mitosis) exhibit expected reductions in Runx2 protein levels despite reductions in Lef1.	Aphidicolin	87-98	lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1	Mus musculus	207-211
17317665-3	2007	We report the discovery that the p12 subunit is rapidly degraded in cultured human cells by DNA damage or replication stress brought about by treatments with UV, methyl methanesulfonate, hydroxyurea, and aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	204-215	DNA polymerase delta 4, accessory subunit	Homo sapiens	33-36
17846426-0	2007	Tipin is required for stalled replication forks to resume DNA replication after removal of aphidicolin in Xenopus egg extracts.	Aphidicolin	91-102	timeless interacting protein S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	0-5
17846426-4	2007	Depletion of Tipin from Xenopus extracts did not significantly impair normal replication but substantially blocked the ability of stalled replication forks to recover after removal of a block imposed by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	203-214	timeless interacting protein S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	13-18
17846426-5	2007	Tipin-depleted extracts also showed defects in the activation of Chk1 in response to aphidicolin, probably because of a failure to load the checkpoint mediator protein Claspin onto chromatin.	Aphidicolin	85-96	timeless interacting protein S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	0-5
17846426-5	2007	Tipin-depleted extracts also showed defects in the activation of Chk1 in response to aphidicolin, probably because of a failure to load the checkpoint mediator protein Claspin onto chromatin.	Aphidicolin	85-96	checkpoint kinase 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	65-69
17515610-5	2007	p21CIP1 was found to be a critical p53 target for arrest induced by hydroxyurea or aphidicolin, but not etoposide, as judged by the ability of p21CIP1 suppression to mimic the effects of p53 disruption.	Aphidicolin	83-94	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	0-7
17515610-5	2007	p21CIP1 was found to be a critical p53 target for arrest induced by hydroxyurea or aphidicolin, but not etoposide, as judged by the ability of p21CIP1 suppression to mimic the effects of p53 disruption.	Aphidicolin	83-94	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	35-38
17515610-5	2007	p21CIP1 was found to be a critical p53 target for arrest induced by hydroxyurea or aphidicolin, but not etoposide, as judged by the ability of p21CIP1 suppression to mimic the effects of p53 disruption.	Aphidicolin	83-94	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	187-190
17118344-7	2007	Pretreatment of cells with the DNA polymerase inhibitor, aphidicolin, resulted in reduction of irofulven-induced CHK2 activation and foci formation, indicating that CHK2 activation by irofulven is replication-dependent.	Aphidicolin	57-68	checkpoint kinase 2	Homo sapiens	113-117
17311248-3	2007	FRA1H is the first characterized CFS the expression of which is not induced by aphidicolin but instead by DAPI.	Aphidicolin	79-90	fragile site, 5-azacytidine type, common, fra(1)(q42)	Homo sapiens	0-5
17475918-0	2007	FRA18C: a new aphidicolin-inducible fragile site on chromosome 18q22, possibly associated with in vivo chromosome breakage.	Aphidicolin	14-25	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(18)(q22.2)	Homo sapiens	0-6
17475918-2	2007	In the father of a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and a pure truncation of 18q22-qter, a new aphidicolin-sensitive fragile site on chromosome 18q22.2 (FRA18C) is described.	Aphidicolin	103-114	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(18)(q22.2)	Homo sapiens	161-167
17431115-8	2007	Low-dose CPT-11 and aphidicolin increased the proportion of S-phase cells and sensitized cells to Apo2L/TRAIL, by inducing phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 cleavage.	Aphidicolin	20-31	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	98-103
17431115-8	2007	Low-dose CPT-11 and aphidicolin increased the proportion of S-phase cells and sensitized cells to Apo2L/TRAIL, by inducing phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 cleavage.	Aphidicolin	20-31	TNF superfamily member 10	Homo sapiens	104-109
17431115-8	2007	Low-dose CPT-11 and aphidicolin increased the proportion of S-phase cells and sensitized cells to Apo2L/TRAIL, by inducing phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 cleavage.	Aphidicolin	20-31	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	183-212
17220276-7	2007	Likewise, the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin triggered increased cell death, chromosomal aberrations, and H2AX phosphorylation, a marker for double-stranded DNA breaks, in Hus1(neo/neo) and Hus1(neo/Delta1) cultures compared to controls.	Aphidicolin	39-50	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	112-116
17220276-7	2007	Likewise, the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin triggered increased cell death, chromosomal aberrations, and H2AX phosphorylation, a marker for double-stranded DNA breaks, in Hus1(neo/neo) and Hus1(neo/Delta1) cultures compared to controls.	Aphidicolin	39-50	HUS1 checkpoint clamp component	Homo sapiens	178-182
17220276-7	2007	Likewise, the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin triggered increased cell death, chromosomal aberrations, and H2AX phosphorylation, a marker for double-stranded DNA breaks, in Hus1(neo/neo) and Hus1(neo/Delta1) cultures compared to controls.	Aphidicolin	39-50	HUS1 checkpoint clamp component	Homo sapiens	196-200
17118344-7	2007	Pretreatment of cells with the DNA polymerase inhibitor, aphidicolin, resulted in reduction of irofulven-induced CHK2 activation and foci formation, indicating that CHK2 activation by irofulven is replication-dependent.	Aphidicolin	57-68	checkpoint kinase 2	Homo sapiens	165-169
17019528-7	2006	Northern blot analysis of BY-2 cells synchronized with aphidicolin or a combination of aphidicolin and propyzamide showed that the histone H4 gene was specifically expressed in the S phase but NtFib1 mRNA remained at high levels during the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	55-66	histone H4	Nicotiana tabacum	131-141
17005603-7	2007	Treatment of cells with the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin prevented cell cycling and greatly reduced cellular OPN content.	Aphidicolin	53-64	secreted phosphoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
17449270-2	2007	In the present study, we determined the window of action of IFNgamma in the G1 phase duration and the exact point of detention of WISH cells in cell cycle progression with respect to the known points of detention by the inhibitors of DNA replication initiation (aphidicolin and carbonyl diphosphonate) and of activation of replication protein A (6-dimethylaminopurine), of which RPA activation being the earlier event compared to DNA replication initiation in cell cycle progression.	Aphidicolin	262-273	NCK interacting protein with SH3 domain	Homo sapiens	130-134
17151243-3	2007	Here we show that the level of CycB in the embryo inversely correlates with the ability to lengthen interphase as the embryo transits from preblastoderm to blastoderm stages and defines the onset of a checkpoint that regulates mitosis when DNA replication is blocked with aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	272-283	Cyclin B	Drosophila melanogaster	31-35
17151243-7	2007	We propose that lowered dRPA2 levels activate Grp/Chk1 to counteract excess Cdk1-CycB activity and restore interphase duration and the ability to block mitosis in response to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	175-186	Replication protein A2	Drosophila melanogaster	24-29
17151243-7	2007	We propose that lowered dRPA2 levels activate Grp/Chk1 to counteract excess Cdk1-CycB activity and restore interphase duration and the ability to block mitosis in response to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	175-186	Gag-related	Drosophila melanogaster	46-49
17151243-7	2007	We propose that lowered dRPA2 levels activate Grp/Chk1 to counteract excess Cdk1-CycB activity and restore interphase duration and the ability to block mitosis in response to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	175-186	grapes	Drosophila melanogaster	50-54
16966326-4	2006	Moreover, the induction of c-Jun is observed following treatment with two other drugs that inhibit the cell cycle in S phase, aphidicolin and camptothecin.	Aphidicolin	126-137	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	27-32
17019528-7	2006	Northern blot analysis of BY-2 cells synchronized with aphidicolin or a combination of aphidicolin and propyzamide showed that the histone H4 gene was specifically expressed in the S phase but NtFib1 mRNA remained at high levels during the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	87-98	histone H4	Nicotiana tabacum	131-141
16959771-5	2006	Using Xenopus egg extracts, we show that ultraviolet radiation and aphidicolin treatment induce the mono- and diubiquitination of PCNA.	Aphidicolin	67-78	proliferating cell nuclear antigen S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	130-134
16969089-9	2006	To test the hypothesis that cyclin A1-associated activity is a mediator of apoptosis, cyclin A1 protein level and associated kinase activity were measured in embryos treated with aphidicolin to induce apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	179-190	ccna1	Xenopus laevis	28-37
16787914-6	2006	POLN has a processivity of DNA synthesis (1-100 nucleotides) similar to the exonuclease-deficient Klenow fragment of E. coli pol I, is inhibited by dideoxynucleotides, and resistant to aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	185-196	DNA polymerase nu	Homo sapiens	0-4
16828751-4	2006	In response to hydroxyurea, UV or aphidicolin, Claspin is phosphorylated in the Chk1-binding domain and its protein levels are increased in an ATR-dependent manner.	Aphidicolin	34-45	claspin	Homo sapiens	47-54
16732333-5	2006	We demonstrate that both CHK1 and CHK2 are activated following treatment of cells with low doses of aphidicolin that induce fragile site breakage.	Aphidicolin	100-111	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	25-29
16732333-5	2006	We demonstrate that both CHK1 and CHK2 are activated following treatment of cells with low doses of aphidicolin that induce fragile site breakage.	Aphidicolin	100-111	checkpoint kinase 2	Homo sapiens	34-38
16828751-4	2006	In response to hydroxyurea, UV or aphidicolin, Claspin is phosphorylated in the Chk1-binding domain and its protein levels are increased in an ATR-dependent manner.	Aphidicolin	34-45	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
16828751-4	2006	In response to hydroxyurea, UV or aphidicolin, Claspin is phosphorylated in the Chk1-binding domain and its protein levels are increased in an ATR-dependent manner.	Aphidicolin	34-45	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	143-146
16672000-3	2006	We have now observed that HL-60 cells exposed to inhibitors of DNA replication (thymidine, aphidicolin and hydroxyurea), at concentrations commonly used to synchronize cell populations, had histone H2AX phosphorylated on Ser-139.	Aphidicolin	91-102	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	198-202
16407842-4	2006	Here, we show that PCNA ubiquitination in human cells is notably augmented after UV irradiation and other genotoxic treatments such as hydroxyurea, aphidicolin and methylmethane sulfonate.	Aphidicolin	148-159	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	19-23
16473566-4	2006	TLS across these non-DNA segments was aphidicolin-sensitive, and did not require poleta.	Aphidicolin	38-49	FUS RNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	0-3
16483939-5	2006	In the presence of the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, which causes uncoupling of a highly processive DNA helicase from the stalled replisome, only Cdc45, GINS, and MCM2-7 are enriched at the pause site.	Aphidicolin	48-59	cell division cycle 45 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	154-159
16528719-0	2006	Effects of hydroxyurea and aphidicolin on phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated on Ser 1981 and histone H2AX on Ser 139 in relation to cell cycle phase and induction of apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	27-38	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	61-90
16483939-5	2006	In the presence of the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, which causes uncoupling of a highly processive DNA helicase from the stalled replisome, only Cdc45, GINS, and MCM2-7 are enriched at the pause site.	Aphidicolin	48-59	minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	171-177
16153182-4	2005	Binding of PDE3A to 14-3-3 proteins was also blocked by the DNA replication inhibitors aphidicolin and mimosine, but the PDE3A-14-3-3 interaction was not cell-cycle-regulated.	Aphidicolin	87-98	phosphodiesterase 3A	Homo sapiens	11-16
16153182-6	2005	Using MS/MS of IMAC (immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography)-enriched tryptic phosphopeptides and phosphospecific antibodies, at least five sites on PDE3A were found to be phosphorylated in vivo, of which Ser428 was selectively phosphorylated in response to PMA and dephosphorylated in cells treated with aphidicolin and mimosine.	Aphidicolin	312-323	phosphodiesterase 3A	Homo sapiens	156-161
16204460-5	2005	Moreover, reduction in the PCNA content by small-interfering RNA or inhibition of DNA replication by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase, significantly reduced the levels of the PCNA-MutSalpha-MutLalpha complex and also suppressed an increase in the caspase-3 activity, a hallmark for the induction of apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	101-112	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Homo sapiens	186-190
16230379-9	2005	Furthermore, cotreatment with DNA replication inhibitor aphidicolin abolished both camptothecin-induced cytotoxicity and radiosensitization in the vector-alone, as well as the Ku86-complemented subline cells, indicating both events are initiated by replication-dependent topoisomerase I-mediated DNA damages.	Aphidicolin	56-67	X-ray repair cross complementing 5	Homo sapiens	176-180
16204460-5	2005	Moreover, reduction in the PCNA content by small-interfering RNA or inhibition of DNA replication by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase, significantly reduced the levels of the PCNA-MutSalpha-MutLalpha complex and also suppressed an increase in the caspase-3 activity, a hallmark for the induction of apoptosis.	Aphidicolin	101-112	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	258-267
15870902-4	2005	Beta-catenin cleavage products of the same electrophoretic mobility were detected in G401 cells after induction of apoptosis with staurosporine and cell cycle arrest by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	169-180	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	0-12
15961355-9	2005	Immunoprecipitation, a highly effective method of specific purification, suggests that the mus 308 protein has DNA polymerase activity that is NEM-sensitive but largely aphidicolin-resistant.	Aphidicolin	169-180	DNA polymerase theta	Drosophila melanogaster	91-98
15938632-8	2005	Using the procedures developed with in vitro phosphorylated RPA, we confirmed a series of phosphorylation events on RPA from HeLa cells that was hyperphosphorylated in vivo in response to the DNA damaging agents, aphidicolin and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	213-224	replication protein A1	Homo sapiens	60-63
15938632-8	2005	Using the procedures developed with in vitro phosphorylated RPA, we confirmed a series of phosphorylation events on RPA from HeLa cells that was hyperphosphorylated in vivo in response to the DNA damaging agents, aphidicolin and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	213-224	replication protein A1	Homo sapiens	116-119
15923641-4	2005	Here we demonstrate that G(1)/S arrest by overexpression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16(INK4a), p21(Cip1), or p27(Kip1) or by treatment with mimosine or aphidicolin confers anoikis resistance in MCF-10A cells.	Aphidicolin	168-179	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	99-102
15923641-4	2005	Here we demonstrate that G(1)/S arrest by overexpression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16(INK4a), p21(Cip1), or p27(Kip1) or by treatment with mimosine or aphidicolin confers anoikis resistance in MCF-10A cells.	Aphidicolin	168-179	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Homo sapiens	103-108
15655354-7	2005	While the suppression of DNA replication, by aphidicolin prevented the induction of H2AX phosphorylation by UV in most S phase cells, it had no effect on a small cohort of cells that appeared to be entering S-phase, that expressed very high levels of gammaH2AX.	Aphidicolin	45-56	H2A.X variant histone	Homo sapiens	84-88
15737691-2	2005	DNA polymerase (pol) inhibitors including aphidicolin and gemcitabine, and hydroxyurea were more toxic (1.7 to 2.8-fold) to hMLH1-deficient HCT116 than to hMLH1-proficient HCT116+ch3.	Aphidicolin	42-53	mutL homolog 1	Homo sapiens	124-129
15538388-3	2004	In HeLa cells, depletion of either hRad17 or hMCM7 with small-interfering RNA suppressed ultraviolet (UV) light- or aphidicolin-induced hChk1 phosphorylation, and abolished UV-induced S-phase checkpoint activation.	Aphidicolin	116-127	RAD17 checkpoint clamp loader component	Homo sapiens	35-41
15538388-3	2004	In HeLa cells, depletion of either hRad17 or hMCM7 with small-interfering RNA suppressed ultraviolet (UV) light- or aphidicolin-induced hChk1 phosphorylation, and abolished UV-induced S-phase checkpoint activation.	Aphidicolin	116-127	minichromosome maintenance complex component 7	Homo sapiens	45-50
15538388-3	2004	In HeLa cells, depletion of either hRad17 or hMCM7 with small-interfering RNA suppressed ultraviolet (UV) light- or aphidicolin-induced hChk1 phosphorylation, and abolished UV-induced S-phase checkpoint activation.	Aphidicolin	116-127	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	136-141
15309689-6	2004	We found that, compared with controls, there is greater chromosomal instability, particularly at fragile sites, in SCKL1-affected patient cells after treatment with aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and other polymerases.	Aphidicolin	165-176	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	115-120
15309689-6	2004	We found that, compared with controls, there is greater chromosomal instability, particularly at fragile sites, in SCKL1-affected patient cells after treatment with aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and other polymerases.	Aphidicolin	165-176	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	194-214
15309689-7	2004	The difference in chromosomal instability between control and patient cells increases at higher levels of aphidicolin treatment, suggesting that the low level of ATR present in these patients is not sufficient to respond appropriately to replication stress.	Aphidicolin	106-117	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	162-165
15279775-1	2004	The nuclear protein kinase ATR controls S-phase progression in response to DNA damage and replication fork stalling, including damage caused by ultraviolet irradiation, hyperoxia, and replication inhibitors like aphidicolin and hydroxyurea.	Aphidicolin	212-223	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	27-30
15571258-1	2004	A number of genotoxic and antiproliferative agents such as 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (Cladribine; CdA) and aphidicolin (APC) have been shown to stimulate the activity of deoxycytidine kinase, the main deoxynucleoside salvage enzyme in lymphocytes.	Aphidicolin	104-115	deoxycytidine kinase	Homo sapiens	167-187
15254237-5	2004	We further show that BRCA1 functions in the induction of the G(2)/M checkpoint after aphidicolin-induced replication stalling and that this checkpoint function is involved in fragile-site stability.	Aphidicolin	85-96	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	21-26
15177179-0	2004	Aphidicolin-resistant and -sensitive base excision repair in wild-type and DNA polymerase beta-defective mouse cells.	Aphidicolin	0-11	polymerase (DNA directed), beta	Mus musculus	75-94
14975937-8	2004	Furthermore, cold conditions and aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase-alpha, -delta, and -epsilon, each blocked the protective effects of FGF-10, suggesting a role for DNA repair.	Aphidicolin	33-44	fibroblast growth factor 10	Rattus norvegicus	145-151
15163406-1	2004	The checkpoint mediator protein Claspin is essential for the ATR-dependent activation of Chk1 in Xenopus egg extracts containing aphidicolin-induced DNA replication blocks.	Aphidicolin	129-140	claspin S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	32-39
15163406-1	2004	The checkpoint mediator protein Claspin is essential for the ATR-dependent activation of Chk1 in Xenopus egg extracts containing aphidicolin-induced DNA replication blocks.	Aphidicolin	129-140	ATR serine/threonine kinase L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	61-64
15163406-1	2004	The checkpoint mediator protein Claspin is essential for the ATR-dependent activation of Chk1 in Xenopus egg extracts containing aphidicolin-induced DNA replication blocks.	Aphidicolin	129-140	checkpoint kinase 1 S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	89-93
15163406-6	2004	By contrast, aphidicolin-treated extracts containing mutants of Claspin with alanine substitutions at positions 906 or 934 (T906A or S934A) are unable to undergo adaptation.	Aphidicolin	13-24	claspin S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	64-71
14983893-4	2004	Experiments performed with aphidicolin indicated that TPT inhibited HIF-1alpha protein accumulation in the absence of DNA replication.	Aphidicolin	27-38	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	68-78
15075397-4	2004	atr mutants were hypersensitive to hydroxyurea (HU), aphidicolin, and UV-B light but only mildly sensitive to gamma-radiation.	Aphidicolin	53-64	Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and RAD3-like protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-3
15140406-3	2004	We then characterized the expression and subcellular distribution of the SEPT2 protein in aphidicolin-synchronized U373 MG astrocytoma cells by immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis.	Aphidicolin	90-101	septin 2	Homo sapiens	73-78
14702388-9	2004	The DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin caused a nearly complete loss of nuclear YY1, whereas addition of caffeine or 2-aminopurine to aphidicolin-treated cells restored both DNA synthesis and YY1 localization in the nucleus.	Aphidicolin	28-39	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	4-27
14702388-9	2004	The DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin caused a nearly complete loss of nuclear YY1, whereas addition of caffeine or 2-aminopurine to aphidicolin-treated cells restored both DNA synthesis and YY1 localization in the nucleus.	Aphidicolin	28-39	YY1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	81-84
14702388-9	2004	The DNA synthesis inhibitor aphidicolin caused a nearly complete loss of nuclear YY1, whereas addition of caffeine or 2-aminopurine to aphidicolin-treated cells restored both DNA synthesis and YY1 localization in the nucleus.	Aphidicolin	135-146	YY1 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	193-196
14603443-1	2004	The FRA16D, at 16q23, spans the WWOX gene and is one of the most highly expressed common fragile sites observed when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	149-160	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(16)(q23.2)	Homo sapiens	4-10
14603443-1	2004	The FRA16D, at 16q23, spans the WWOX gene and is one of the most highly expressed common fragile sites observed when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	149-160	WW domain containing oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	32-36
14603443-4	2004	Exposure to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, results in a modest increase in cells with replication of FRA16D sequences in early S phase.	Aphidicolin	12-23	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	41-61
14603443-4	2004	Exposure to aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, results in a modest increase in cells with replication of FRA16D sequences in early S phase.	Aphidicolin	12-23	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(16)(q23.2)	Homo sapiens	121-127
15520873-6	2004	In contrast to this, dCK activity was found to be elevated several fold upon short-term treatments of normal human lymphocytes with therapeutic nucleoside analogs, and other genotoxic agents as well as by DNA damaging agents including the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin, the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide and gamma-irradiation, which might be a potentially important phenomenon with respect to the clinical practice, too.	Aphidicolin	264-275	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II	Drosophila melanogaster	21-24
12955071-4	2003	Interestingly, we have discovered that rapid suppression of TLK activity after low doses of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation or aphidicolin-induced replication block is also ATM-dependent.	Aphidicolin	124-135	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	170-173
14643438-3	2003	Treatment by aphidicolin and HU resulted in phosphorylation of Chk1, while HU, but not aphidicolin, induced focalization of gamma-H2AX and RPA.	Aphidicolin	13-24	checkpoint kinase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
12897072-7	2003	Treatment of egg extracts with aphidicolin results in a substantial accumulation of Drf1 on chromatin.	Aphidicolin	31-42	DBF4 zinc finger B L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	84-88
12897072-9	2003	These observations suggest that the increased binding of Drf1 to aphidicolin-treated chromatin is an active process that is mediated by a caffeine-sensitive checkpoint pathway containing ATR and Claspin.	Aphidicolin	65-76	DBF4 zinc finger B L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	57-61
12897072-9	2003	These observations suggest that the increased binding of Drf1 to aphidicolin-treated chromatin is an active process that is mediated by a caffeine-sensitive checkpoint pathway containing ATR and Claspin.	Aphidicolin	65-76	ATR serine/threonine kinase L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	187-190
12897072-9	2003	These observations suggest that the increased binding of Drf1 to aphidicolin-treated chromatin is an active process that is mediated by a caffeine-sensitive checkpoint pathway containing ATR and Claspin.	Aphidicolin	65-76	claspin S homeolog	Xenopus laevis	195-202
12874785-1	2003	Characterization of FRA6E (6q26), the third most frequently observed common fragile site (CFS) in the human population, determined that aphidicolin-induced instability at FRA6E extends over a very large region (3.6 Mb).	Aphidicolin	136-147	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(6)(q26)	Homo sapiens	20-25
12874785-1	2003	Characterization of FRA6E (6q26), the third most frequently observed common fragile site (CFS) in the human population, determined that aphidicolin-induced instability at FRA6E extends over a very large region (3.6 Mb).	Aphidicolin	136-147	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(6)(q26)	Homo sapiens	171-176
12972573-7	2003	We further demonstrate that XRad17 is essential for the chromatin binding and checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of X9-1-1 and for the activation of XChk1 when the replication checkpoint is induced by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	203-214	RAD17 checkpoint clamp loader component L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	28-34
12972573-7	2003	We further demonstrate that XRad17 is essential for the chromatin binding and checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of X9-1-1 and for the activation of XChk1 when the replication checkpoint is induced by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	203-214	checkpoint kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	151-156
12519756-7	2003	When cells were cell cycle-arrested by serum starvation or aphidicolin, TAT-mediated transfection was 3-fold more efficient than a standard PEI transfection in proliferating cells.	Aphidicolin	59-70	tyrosine aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	72-75
12688717-0	2003	Diastereoselective formal total synthesis of the DNA polymerase alpha inhibitor, aphidicolin, using palladium-catalyzed cycloalkenylation and intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions.	Aphidicolin	81-92	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	49-69
12533431-5	2003	In addition, MuERV-L was expressed even when the first round of DNA synthesis was inhibited by aphidicolin, suggesting that its expression is controlled by the zygotic clock.	Aphidicolin	95-106	endogenous retroviral sequence 4 (with leucine tRNA primer)	Mus musculus	13-20
12573450-1	2003	The activity of nuclear phosphoinositide 3-kinase C2beta (PI3K-C2beta) was investigated in HL-60 cells blocked by aphidicolin at G(1)/S boundary and allowed to progress synchronously through the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	114-125	phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 beta	Homo sapiens	24-56
12573450-1	2003	The activity of nuclear phosphoinositide 3-kinase C2beta (PI3K-C2beta) was investigated in HL-60 cells blocked by aphidicolin at G(1)/S boundary and allowed to progress synchronously through the cell cycle.	Aphidicolin	114-125	phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 beta	Homo sapiens	58-69
12533671-3	2003	The adozelesin-induced RPA hyperphosphorylation can be blocked by the replicative DNA polymerase inhibitor, aphidicolin, suggesting that adozelesin-triggered cellular DNA damage responses require active DNA replication forks.	Aphidicolin	108-119	replication protein A1	Homo sapiens	23-26
12555072-6	2003	Characterization of FRA9E determined that aphidicolin-induced instability extended over 9 Mb, identifying FRA9E as the largest CFS characterized to date.	Aphidicolin	42-53	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(9)(q32)	Homo sapiens	20-25
12555072-6	2003	Characterization of FRA9E determined that aphidicolin-induced instability extended over 9 Mb, identifying FRA9E as the largest CFS characterized to date.	Aphidicolin	42-53	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(9)(q32)	Homo sapiens	106-111
12417182-7	2003	Expression of PCNA was suppressed in the presence of Cytochalasin B, Cytochalasin D, Aphidicolin, and AraC.	Aphidicolin	85-96	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Ovis aries	14-18
12459445-3	2002	The efficiency of bypass in the human large-cell lung carcinoma cell line H1299 was 80%, and it was similar when assayed in the presence of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha, delta and epsilon.	Aphidicolin	140-151	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	169-209
12483524-2	2002	Previous reports indicate aphidicolin-induced FRA3B instability occurs over approximately 500 kb which is spanned by the 1.5 Mb fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene.	Aphidicolin	26-37	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	46-51
12483524-2	2002	Previous reports indicate aphidicolin-induced FRA3B instability occurs over approximately 500 kb which is spanned by the 1.5 Mb fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene.	Aphidicolin	26-37	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	153-157
12483524-6	2002	FISH-based analysis of aphidicolin-induced metaphase chromosomes allowed for a complete characterization of instability associated with FRA3B.	Aphidicolin	23-34	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	136-141
12444545-4	2002	When cells were synchronized in S phase with aphidicolin and then released, activation of Delta MEKK3:ER* resulted in the up-regulation of p21(CIP1) and a pronounced inhibition of cyclin A/CDK2 and cyclin B1/CDK1 kinase activity.	Aphidicolin	45-56	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Rattus norvegicus	139-142
12444545-4	2002	When cells were synchronized in S phase with aphidicolin and then released, activation of Delta MEKK3:ER* resulted in the up-regulation of p21(CIP1) and a pronounced inhibition of cyclin A/CDK2 and cyclin B1/CDK1 kinase activity.	Aphidicolin	45-56	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Rattus norvegicus	143-147
12444545-4	2002	When cells were synchronized in S phase with aphidicolin and then released, activation of Delta MEKK3:ER* resulted in the up-regulation of p21(CIP1) and a pronounced inhibition of cyclin A/CDK2 and cyclin B1/CDK1 kinase activity.	Aphidicolin	45-56	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	189-193
12444545-4	2002	When cells were synchronized in S phase with aphidicolin and then released, activation of Delta MEKK3:ER* resulted in the up-regulation of p21(CIP1) and a pronounced inhibition of cyclin A/CDK2 and cyclin B1/CDK1 kinase activity.	Aphidicolin	45-56	cyclin B1	Rattus norvegicus	198-207
12444545-4	2002	When cells were synchronized in S phase with aphidicolin and then released, activation of Delta MEKK3:ER* resulted in the up-regulation of p21(CIP1) and a pronounced inhibition of cyclin A/CDK2 and cyclin B1/CDK1 kinase activity.	Aphidicolin	45-56	cyclin-dependent kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	208-212
12400009-9	2002	Finally, we show that activation of fragile sites by aphidicolin or hypoxia in hsr-containing cells also generates dmin and a variety of chromosomal rearrangements.	Aphidicolin	53-64	HSR	Homo sapiens	79-82
12185593-7	2002	After a transient treatment with replication inhibitors, we observed inhibition of the drug induced recombination by p53, particularly for the elongation inhibitor aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	164-175	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	117-120
12370812-6	2002	Further, transactivation of p21 in response to replication blockade by hydroxyurea and aphidicolin is similar to that in response to ionizing radiation except that the latter is more immediate compared to the response to replication blockade.	Aphidicolin	87-98	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	28-31
12392756-0	2002	Defective neurite outgrowth in aphidicolin/cAMP-induced motor neurons expressing mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase.	Aphidicolin	31-42	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	88-114
12124341-4	2002	To investigate the relationship between repair gene deficiencies and induction of chromosome fragile sites in vitro, we have analyzed the frequency of aphidicolin induction of chromosome gaps and breaks in PMS2-, BRCA1-, MSH2-, MLH1-, FHIT-, and TP53-deficient cell lines.	Aphidicolin	151-162	PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component	Homo sapiens	206-210
12149019-1	2002	To examine the mechanism of the cyclization reaction catalyzed by aphidicolan-16beta-ol synthase (ACS), which is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of diterpene aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, skeletal rearrangement of 2a and biomimetic cyclization of 4b were employed.	Aphidicolin	159-170	phospholipase A2 group XV	Homo sapiens	66-96
12149019-1	2002	To examine the mechanism of the cyclization reaction catalyzed by aphidicolan-16beta-ol synthase (ACS), which is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of diterpene aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, skeletal rearrangement of 2a and biomimetic cyclization of 4b were employed.	Aphidicolin	159-170	phospholipase A2 group XV	Homo sapiens	98-101
12149019-1	2002	To examine the mechanism of the cyclization reaction catalyzed by aphidicolan-16beta-ol synthase (ACS), which is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of diterpene aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha, skeletal rearrangement of 2a and biomimetic cyclization of 4b were employed.	Aphidicolin	159-170	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	196-216
12149019-3	2002	Isolation of these products in an aphidicolin-producing fungus led us to speculate that the mechanism of the ACS-catalyzed cyclization reaction is the same as that of a nonenzymatic reaction.	Aphidicolin	34-45	phospholipase A2 group XV	Homo sapiens	109-112
12124341-4	2002	To investigate the relationship between repair gene deficiencies and induction of chromosome fragile sites in vitro, we have analyzed the frequency of aphidicolin induction of chromosome gaps and breaks in PMS2-, BRCA1-, MSH2-, MLH1-, FHIT-, and TP53-deficient cell lines.	Aphidicolin	151-162	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	213-218
12124341-4	2002	To investigate the relationship between repair gene deficiencies and induction of chromosome fragile sites in vitro, we have analyzed the frequency of aphidicolin induction of chromosome gaps and breaks in PMS2-, BRCA1-, MSH2-, MLH1-, FHIT-, and TP53-deficient cell lines.	Aphidicolin	151-162	mutS homolog 2	Homo sapiens	221-225
12124341-4	2002	To investigate the relationship between repair gene deficiencies and induction of chromosome fragile sites in vitro, we have analyzed the frequency of aphidicolin induction of chromosome gaps and breaks in PMS2-, BRCA1-, MSH2-, MLH1-, FHIT-, and TP53-deficient cell lines.	Aphidicolin	151-162	mutL homolog 1	Homo sapiens	228-232
12124341-4	2002	To investigate the relationship between repair gene deficiencies and induction of chromosome fragile sites in vitro, we have analyzed the frequency of aphidicolin induction of chromosome gaps and breaks in PMS2-, BRCA1-, MSH2-, MLH1-, FHIT-, and TP53-deficient cell lines.	Aphidicolin	151-162	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	235-239
11979549-6	2002	To determine whether, like Fra14A2 and Fhit, Fra8E1 and Wox1 colocalized in the mouse, we prepared bacterial and yeast artificial chromosome probes, and we hybridized them to aphidicolin-treated mouse metaphase chromosomes.	Aphidicolin	175-186	fragile histidine triad gene	Mus musculus	39-43
12067991-1	2002	The FRA3B, at 3p14.2, lies within the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene and is the most highly expressed of the common fragile sites observed when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	181-192	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	4-9
12067991-1	2002	The FRA3B, at 3p14.2, lies within the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene and is the most highly expressed of the common fragile sites observed when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	181-192	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	38-61
12067991-1	2002	The FRA3B, at 3p14.2, lies within the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene and is the most highly expressed of the common fragile sites observed when DNA replication is perturbed by aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	181-192	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	63-67
11979549-6	2002	To determine whether, like Fra14A2 and Fhit, Fra8E1 and Wox1 colocalized in the mouse, we prepared bacterial and yeast artificial chromosome probes, and we hybridized them to aphidicolin-treated mouse metaphase chromosomes.	Aphidicolin	175-186	WW domain-containing oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	56-60
11930019-3	2002	Overexpression of GCR1 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) BY-2 cells caused an increase in thymidine incorporation and in the mitotic index of aphidicolin synchronized cells.	Aphidicolin	139-150	G-protein-coupled receptor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	18-22
11886860-5	2002	DNA polymerase lambda had no detectable nuclease activities and, in contrast to DNA polymerase beta, was aphidicolin-sensitive.	Aphidicolin	105-116	DNA polymerase lambda	Bos taurus	0-21
11886860-5	2002	DNA polymerase lambda had no detectable nuclease activities and, in contrast to DNA polymerase beta, was aphidicolin-sensitive.	Aphidicolin	105-116	DNA polymerase beta	Bos taurus	80-99
11932950-4	2002	When this DNA replication was inhibited by aphidicolin, ALP development was completely abrogated in the ventrolateral mesoderm.	Aphidicolin	43-54	alkaline phosphatase, placental	Homo sapiens	56-59
11827715-1	2002	Cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of aphidicolin (APC), an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha and delta, were studied in human diploid VH-10 fibroblasts.	Aphidicolin	35-46	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	70-91
11891323-8	2002	Addition of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon, caused a 4.4-fold inhibition of bypass.	Aphidicolin	12-23	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	41-82
11888912-7	2002	However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity.	Aphidicolin	9-20	MT-RNR2 like 12 (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	34-38
11888912-7	2002	However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity.	Aphidicolin	9-20	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	139-142
11888912-7	2002	However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity.	Aphidicolin	9-20	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	143-147
11888912-7	2002	However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity.	Aphidicolin	9-20	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	178-181
11888912-7	2002	However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity.	Aphidicolin	9-20	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A	Homo sapiens	182-186
11888912-7	2002	However, aphidicolin-synchronized HN12 cells released in the presence of perifosine (10 microM) demonstrated increased expression of total p21(WAF1) and increased association of p21(WAF1) with cyclin-cdk complexes resulting in reduced cdc2 activity.	Aphidicolin	9-20	cyclin dependent kinase 1	Homo sapiens	235-239
11853880-6	2002	The effects of TNF on protein accumulation were inhibited by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis.	Aphidicolin	61-72	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	15-18
11821962-4	2002	We show that expression of the mutant (His175)p53 strongly stimulates recombination induced by aphidicolin, in a late step (kinetically related to the RAD51 step).	Aphidicolin	95-106	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	46-49
11821962-4	2002	We show that expression of the mutant (His175)p53 strongly stimulates recombination induced by aphidicolin, in a late step (kinetically related to the RAD51 step).	Aphidicolin	95-106	RAD51 recombinase	Homo sapiens	151-156
11821962-5	2002	Mutant p53 stimulates recombination induced by the replication elongation inhibitors (aphidicolin, hydroxyurea and Ara-C) but is without effect on recombination induced by the initiation inhibitors (mimosine and ciclopirox olamine).	Aphidicolin	86-97	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	7-10
11722776-7	2001	Aphidicolin-arrested but not roscovitine-arrested cells contain a PSTAIRE-type CDK that binds to and phosphorylates RBR.	Aphidicolin	0-11	retinoblastoma-related 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	116-119
11502601-8	2001	Finally, inhibition of DNA replication by the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin significantly improves cell survival, confirming that keeping cells in G(1) and decreasing the rate of DNA replication is protective and that these actions of p53 most likely are what normally help protect cells against hypertonicity.	Aphidicolin	71-82	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	242-245
11158590-2	2001	We have examined the response to p53 when DNA synthesis is blocked by hydroxyurea (HU) or aphidicolin or when DNA is damaged by gamma IR.	Aphidicolin	90-101	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	33-36
11397002-5	2001	The synthesis of PECAM-1 is independent of compaction, cytokinesis, and DNA replication, as it is detected in embryos that are chronologically at the blastocyst stage following culture of 8-cell embryos in Ca2+-free medium, or medium containing cytochalasin D or aphidicolin, respectively.	Aphidicolin	263-274	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1	Mus musculus	17-24
11380620-6	2001	The presence of aphidicolin inhibited CPT-induced WRNp foci strongly but not bleomycin-induced foci.	Aphidicolin	16-27	WRN RecQ like helicase	Homo sapiens	50-54
11359916-7	2001	Induction of this DNA damage response was also dependent on DNA replication; inhibition of DNA replication by aphidicolin prevented induction of RPA-p34 hyperphosphorylation by UV radiation.	Aphidicolin	110-121	alpha and gamma adaptin binding protein	Homo sapiens	149-152
11282082-11	2001	In contrast, aphidicolin-synchronized endothelial cells demonstrated elevated cyclin A levels along with 30% higher BrdU-incorporation and 70% less C2-toxicity.	Aphidicolin	13-24	cyclin A2	Homo sapiens	78-86
11282082-14	2001	Synchronization of HAECs in S-phase with aphidicolin overcomes C2-induced G1-arrest and partially blocks ceramide toxicity.	Aphidicolin	41-52	complement C2	Homo sapiens	63-65
11158590-5	2001	Moreover, the p53 response to gamma IR is inhibited by pretreatment of cells with HU or aphidicolin, suggesting that blocked DNA replication prevents p53 from being fully active as a transcription factor.	Aphidicolin	88-99	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	14-17
11158590-5	2001	Moreover, the p53 response to gamma IR is inhibited by pretreatment of cells with HU or aphidicolin, suggesting that blocked DNA replication prevents p53 from being fully active as a transcription factor.	Aphidicolin	88-99	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	150-153
11554295-4	2001	Characterization of the BER reactions revealed that (1) the majority of uracil-DNA repair was initiated by a uracil-DNA glycosylase-sensitive to Ugi (uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitor protein), (2) the addition of aphidicolin did not significantly inhibit BER DNA synthesis, and (3) the BER patch size ranged from 1 to 8 nucleotides.	Aphidicolin	213-224	uracil DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	109-131
11163333-3	2001	Here we describe that direct inhibition of DNA polymerases by aphidicolin stimulated dCK activity in normal lymphocytes and acute myeloid leukaemic cells, as well as in HL 60 promyelocytic cell cultures.	Aphidicolin	62-73	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II	Drosophila melanogaster	85-88
11024016-5	2001	Between pH 6.5 and 8.5, human pol kappa possesses optimal activity at 37 degrees C over the pH range 6.5-7.5, and is insensitive to inhibition by aphidicolin, dideoxynucleotides, or NaCl up to 50 mm.	Aphidicolin	146-157	DNA polymerase lambda	Homo sapiens	30-39
11554295-4	2001	Characterization of the BER reactions revealed that (1) the majority of uracil-DNA repair was initiated by a uracil-DNA glycosylase-sensitive to Ugi (uracil-DNA glycosylase inhibitor protein), (2) the addition of aphidicolin did not significantly inhibit BER DNA synthesis, and (3) the BER patch size ranged from 1 to 8 nucleotides.	Aphidicolin	213-224	uracil DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	150-172
11201990-3	2000	However, the two differed in four ways: 1) the specific activity of recombinant p125 was one quarter of the calf thymus pol delta; 2) the recombinant p125 was relatively resistant to aphidicolin; 3) the apparent Km for dTTP of the recombinant p125 was estimated at 33 microM, 15-fold the value for calf thymus pol delta; and 4) the recombinant p125 was not stimulated by recombinant PCNA, while activity of calf thymus pol delta increased 150-fold in response.	Aphidicolin	183-194	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Bos taurus	80-84
11137007-5	2000	Using a chromatin-binding assay, we found that ATR associates with chromatin after initiation of replication, dissociates from chromatin upon completion of replication, and accumulates in the presence of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA replication.	Aphidicolin	204-215	ATR serine/threonine kinase L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	47-50
11137007-7	2000	There was an early rise in the activity of Cdc2-cyclin B in egg extracts depleted of ATR both in the presence or absence of aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	124-135	cyclin-dependent kinase 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	43-47
11137007-10	2000	Depletion of ATR leads to premature mitosis in the presence and absence of aphidicolin, indicating that ATR is required for the DNA replication checkpoint.	Aphidicolin	75-86	ATR serine/threonine kinase L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	13-16
11114888-4	2000	In this study, we show that BRCA1 phosphorylation is only partially ATM dependent in response to IR and ATM independent in response to treatment with UV light, or the DNA replication inhibitors hydroxyurea (HU) and aphidicolin (APH).	Aphidicolin	215-226	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	28-33
11086012-8	2000	Quantitative fluorescence microscopy and transient transfection in the presence of aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA replication, show that CENP-A can assemble into centromeres in the absence of DNA replication.	Aphidicolin	83-94	centromere protein A	Homo sapiens	139-145
11201990-3	2000	However, the two differed in four ways: 1) the specific activity of recombinant p125 was one quarter of the calf thymus pol delta; 2) the recombinant p125 was relatively resistant to aphidicolin; 3) the apparent Km for dTTP of the recombinant p125 was estimated at 33 microM, 15-fold the value for calf thymus pol delta; and 4) the recombinant p125 was not stimulated by recombinant PCNA, while activity of calf thymus pol delta increased 150-fold in response.	Aphidicolin	183-194	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Bos taurus	150-154
11201990-3	2000	However, the two differed in four ways: 1) the specific activity of recombinant p125 was one quarter of the calf thymus pol delta; 2) the recombinant p125 was relatively resistant to aphidicolin; 3) the apparent Km for dTTP of the recombinant p125 was estimated at 33 microM, 15-fold the value for calf thymus pol delta; and 4) the recombinant p125 was not stimulated by recombinant PCNA, while activity of calf thymus pol delta increased 150-fold in response.	Aphidicolin	183-194	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Bos taurus	150-154
11201990-3	2000	However, the two differed in four ways: 1) the specific activity of recombinant p125 was one quarter of the calf thymus pol delta; 2) the recombinant p125 was relatively resistant to aphidicolin; 3) the apparent Km for dTTP of the recombinant p125 was estimated at 33 microM, 15-fold the value for calf thymus pol delta; and 4) the recombinant p125 was not stimulated by recombinant PCNA, while activity of calf thymus pol delta increased 150-fold in response.	Aphidicolin	183-194	DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit	Bos taurus	150-154
11013073-6	2000	We fluorescently labeled these BACs and used them as probes on metaphases from aphidicolin-induced lymphocytes and demonstrated that FRA16D decondensation/breakage occurs over a region of at least 1 Mb.	Aphidicolin	79-90	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(16)(q23.2)	Homo sapiens	133-139
10924509-5	2000	The repair patch size is about seven nucleotides, and repair synthesis is decreased to 30% by aphidicolin, suggesting the involvement of a DNA polymerase delta/epsilon-dependent long-patch repair.	Aphidicolin	94-105	DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	139-159
11025658-1	2000	Here we show that exposure of aphidicolin-arrested Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to the protein-kinase inhibitors 2-aminopurine or caffeine results in initiation of replication at successively later-replicating chromosomal domains, loss of the capacity to synthesize DNA at earlier-replicating sites, release of Mcm2 proteins from chromatin, and redistribution of PCNA and RPA from early- to late-replicating domains in the absence of detectable elongation of replication forks.	Aphidicolin	30-41	DNA replication licensing factor MCM2	Cricetulus griseus	316-320
11025658-1	2000	Here we show that exposure of aphidicolin-arrested Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to the protein-kinase inhibitors 2-aminopurine or caffeine results in initiation of replication at successively later-replicating chromosomal domains, loss of the capacity to synthesize DNA at earlier-replicating sites, release of Mcm2 proteins from chromatin, and redistribution of PCNA and RPA from early- to late-replicating domains in the absence of detectable elongation of replication forks.	Aphidicolin	30-41	proliferating cell nuclear antigen	Cricetulus griseus	368-372
10825205-7	2000	Analysis of the replication pattern of adjacent clones along FRA7H by using cell population and two-color fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses showed significant differences in the replication of adjacent clones, under normal growth condition and upon aphidicolin treatment.	Aphidicolin	258-269	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q32.3)	Homo sapiens	61-66
10950921-2	2000	FRA7G is a common aphidicolin-inducible fragile site at 7q31.2, showing loss of heterozygosity in human malignancies.	Aphidicolin	18-29	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q31.2)	Homo sapiens	0-5
10880232-4	2000	Cytogenetic analysis showed that, in the presence of aphidicolin, which blocks several types of DNA repair, TNF induced extensive chromosomal damage.	Aphidicolin	53-64	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	108-111
10880232-5	2000	Aphidicolin also synergized with TNF and anti-Fas in inducing cell death which was prevented by reducing atmospheric oxygen or addition of n -acetyl cysteine, a scavenger of oxygen radicals.	Aphidicolin	0-11	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-36
10825205-9	2000	These results indicate that aphidicolin is enhancing an already existing difference in the replication time along the FRA7H region.	Aphidicolin	28-39	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q32.3)	Homo sapiens	118-123
10825205-10	2000	Based on our replication analysis of FRA7H and on previous analysis of the common fragile site FRA3B, we suggest that delayed replication is underlying the fragility at aphidicolin-induced common fragile sites.	Aphidicolin	169-180	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q32.3)	Homo sapiens	37-42
10825205-10	2000	Based on our replication analysis of FRA7H and on previous analysis of the common fragile site FRA3B, we suggest that delayed replication is underlying the fragility at aphidicolin-induced common fragile sites.	Aphidicolin	169-180	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	95-100
10698738-3	2000	Egg extracts depleted of Pin1 inappropriately transited from the G2 to the M phase of the cell cycle in the presence of the DNA replication inhibitor aphidicolin.	Aphidicolin	150-161	peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1 L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	25-29
10763831-3	2000	However, recent reports have also indicated that such a high frequency of LOH could be due to the presence in this region of the second most common aphidicolin-inducible fragile site in the human genome (Fra7G).	Aphidicolin	148-159	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q31.2)	Homo sapiens	204-209
10749140-5	2000	Therefore, given similar findings at the FRA3B and FRA7G fragile sites, it is likely that common aphidicolin-inducible fragile sites exhibit the general property of localized DNA instability in cancer cells.	Aphidicolin	97-108	fragile histidine triad diadenosine triphosphatase	Homo sapiens	41-46
10749140-5	2000	Therefore, given similar findings at the FRA3B and FRA7G fragile sites, it is likely that common aphidicolin-inducible fragile sites exhibit the general property of localized DNA instability in cancer cells.	Aphidicolin	97-108	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(7)(q31.2)	Homo sapiens	51-56
10749141-8	2000	By fluorescence in situ hybridization of aphidicolin-induced metaphase chromosomes, we have preliminary data to suggest that P1-derived bacterial artificial chromosome clones from the contig lie on both sides of FRA16D.	Aphidicolin	41-52	fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(16)(q23.2)	Homo sapiens	212-218