PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
22013582-0	2011	MS2/TOF and LC-MS/TOF studies on toremifene to characterize its forced degradation products.	Toremifene	33-43	FEZ family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
21726172-0	2011	Drug interaction potential of toremifene and N-desmethyltoremifene with multiple cytochrome P450 isoforms.	Toremifene	30-40	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	81-96
21726172-2	2011	Due to the potential for drug-drug interactions, the ability of toremifene and its primary circulating metabolite N-desmethyltoremifene (NDMT) to inhibit nine human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes was determined using human liver microsomes.	Toremifene	64-74	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	165-180
21247357-8	2011	Consequently, the anticancer drugs, tamoxifen and toremifene, inhibiting human EBP, may be harmful in early pregnancy.	Toremifene	50-60	EBP cholestenol delta-isomerase	Homo sapiens	79-82
21726172-2	2011	Due to the potential for drug-drug interactions, the ability of toremifene and its primary circulating metabolite N-desmethyltoremifene (NDMT) to inhibit nine human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes was determined using human liver microsomes.	Toremifene	64-74	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	182-185
21726172-3	2011	Induction of CYP1A2 and 3A4 by toremifene was also investigated in human hepatocytes.	Toremifene	31-41	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 2	Homo sapiens	13-19
21726172-5	2011	However, toremifene is a competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, non-competitive inhibitor of CYP2A6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19 and 2E1 and mixed-type inhibitor of CYP2B6.	Toremifene	9-19	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	50-56
21726172-5	2011	However, toremifene is a competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, non-competitive inhibitor of CYP2A6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19 and 2E1 and mixed-type inhibitor of CYP2B6.	Toremifene	9-19	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily A member 6	Homo sapiens	87-93
21726172-5	2011	However, toremifene is a competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, non-competitive inhibitor of CYP2A6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19 and 2E1 and mixed-type inhibitor of CYP2B6.	Toremifene	9-19	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	146-152
21726172-7	2011	Toremifene did not induce CYP1A2 but increased CYP3A4 monooxygenase activity and gene expression in drug-exposed human primary hepatocytes.	Toremifene	0-10	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	47-53
21726172-8	2011	Although clinical doses of toremifene produce steady state exposures to toremifene and NDMT that may be sufficient to cause pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with other drugs metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, these data indicate that toremifene is unlikely to play a role in clinical drug-drug interactions with substrate drugs of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6.	Toremifene	27-37	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	195-201
21726172-8	2011	Although clinical doses of toremifene produce steady state exposures to toremifene and NDMT that may be sufficient to cause pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with other drugs metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, these data indicate that toremifene is unlikely to play a role in clinical drug-drug interactions with substrate drugs of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6.	Toremifene	27-37	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	211-217
21726172-8	2011	Although clinical doses of toremifene produce steady state exposures to toremifene and NDMT that may be sufficient to cause pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with other drugs metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, these data indicate that toremifene is unlikely to play a role in clinical drug-drug interactions with substrate drugs of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6.	Toremifene	27-37	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	219-225
21726172-8	2011	Although clinical doses of toremifene produce steady state exposures to toremifene and NDMT that may be sufficient to cause pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with other drugs metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, these data indicate that toremifene is unlikely to play a role in clinical drug-drug interactions with substrate drugs of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6.	Toremifene	27-37	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19	Homo sapiens	230-237
21726172-8	2011	Although clinical doses of toremifene produce steady state exposures to toremifene and NDMT that may be sufficient to cause pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with other drugs metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, these data indicate that toremifene is unlikely to play a role in clinical drug-drug interactions with substrate drugs of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6.	Toremifene	27-37	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 2	Homo sapiens	361-367
21726172-8	2011	Although clinical doses of toremifene produce steady state exposures to toremifene and NDMT that may be sufficient to cause pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with other drugs metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, these data indicate that toremifene is unlikely to play a role in clinical drug-drug interactions with substrate drugs of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6.	Toremifene	27-37	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	372-378
21570421-7	2011	The inhibition of FOSL1 expression in these cells also restored sensitivity to TOR.	Toremifene	79-82	FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	18-23
21638048-4	2011	A decreased serum level of TC, LDL-C, and Apo B was, respectively, observed at 6 months in 6.2, 12.9, and 13.8% of the patients who received TOR compared with the baseline.	Toremifene	141-144	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	42-47
21772095-3	2011	In this study, we investigated the efficacy of high-dose Toremifene therapy (HD-TOR).	Toremifene	57-67	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	80-83
22340044-0	2011	[Regulation mechanism of breast cancer resistance protein by toremifene to reverse BCRP-mediated multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells].	Toremifene	61-71	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	25-57
22340044-0	2011	[Regulation mechanism of breast cancer resistance protein by toremifene to reverse BCRP-mediated multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells].	Toremifene	61-71	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	83-87
22340044-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: To explore the regulation mechanism of the reversal of breast cancer resistance protein-mediated multidrug resistance by toremifene.	Toremifene	132-142	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	66-98
22340044-6	2011	Then RT-PCR, Western blot, mitoxantrone efflux assays and cytotoxicity assay were performed to detect the reversal function of BCRP by toremifene on the drug resistance cell lines.	Toremifene	135-145	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	127-131
22340044-7	2011	RESULTS: Toremifene significantly downregulated BCRP mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner in ERalpha-positive MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells than that of untreated control cells.	Toremifene	9-19	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	48-52
22340044-7	2011	RESULTS: Toremifene significantly downregulated BCRP mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner in ERalpha-positive MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells than that of untreated control cells.	Toremifene	9-19	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	127-131
22340044-8	2011	In MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells, toremifene at the dose of 0.1, 1 and 10 micromol/L decreased BCRP mRNA expression by 29.5% (P < 0.05), 68.1% (P < 0.01) and 97.4% (P < 0.01), respectively.	Toremifene	30-40	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	18-22
22340044-8	2011	In MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells, toremifene at the dose of 0.1, 1 and 10 micromol/L decreased BCRP mRNA expression by 29.5% (P < 0.05), 68.1% (P < 0.01) and 97.4% (P < 0.01), respectively.	Toremifene	30-40	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	91-95
22340044-9	2011	After being treated with toremifene and 17beta-estradiol, the BCRP mRNA level in MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells was 64.2% +- 1.3%, significantly higher than that of toremifene treatment control cells (3.8% +- 0.2%,P < 0.01).	Toremifene	25-35	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	62-66
22340044-9	2011	After being treated with toremifene and 17beta-estradiol, the BCRP mRNA level in MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells was 64.2% +- 1.3%, significantly higher than that of toremifene treatment control cells (3.8% +- 0.2%,P < 0.01).	Toremifene	25-35	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	96-100
22340044-9	2011	After being treated with toremifene and 17beta-estradiol, the BCRP mRNA level in MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells was 64.2% +- 1.3%, significantly higher than that of toremifene treatment control cells (3.8% +- 0.2%,P < 0.01).	Toremifene	160-170	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	62-66
22340044-10	2011	Furthermore, the effect of toremifene on BCRP protein is similar in BCRP mRNA.	Toremifene	27-37	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	41-45
22340044-10	2011	Furthermore, the effect of toremifene on BCRP protein is similar in BCRP mRNA.	Toremifene	27-37	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	68-72
22340044-11	2011	Toremifene obviously increased the mitoxantrone fluorescence intensity and decreased the efflux activity by 47.3% (P < 0.05) in MCF-7/promoter-BCRP cells when compared with the untreated control, whereas intracellular accumulation of mitoxantrone obviously decreased and the efflux activity increased by 61.5% were observed in combination with 17beta-estradiol when compared with toremifene treatment alone.	Toremifene	0-10	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	146-150
22340044-12	2011	The results therefore suggested that toremifene reversed mitoxantrone resistance in MCF-7/Promoter-BCRP cells.	Toremifene	37-47	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	99-103
22340044-14	2011	CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings indicate that expression of BCRP is downregulated by toremifene, via a novel transcriptional mechanism which might be involved in the ERE of BCRP promoter through ER-mediated to inactivate the transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	94-104	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	69-73
22340044-14	2011	CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings indicate that expression of BCRP is downregulated by toremifene, via a novel transcriptional mechanism which might be involved in the ERE of BCRP promoter through ER-mediated to inactivate the transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	94-104	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	182-186
22340044-14	2011	CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings indicate that expression of BCRP is downregulated by toremifene, via a novel transcriptional mechanism which might be involved in the ERE of BCRP promoter through ER-mediated to inactivate the transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	94-104	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	182-186
21355781-1	2011	Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of toremifene-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (TOR-DTPA), formed by conjugation of TOR and DTPA, on the MCF-7 cell line were evaluated.	Toremifene	35-45	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	83-86
21355781-1	2011	Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of toremifene-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (TOR-DTPA), formed by conjugation of TOR and DTPA, on the MCF-7 cell line were evaluated.	Toremifene	35-45	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	119-122
19542727-3	2009	Recently, high-dose toremifene(HD-TOR, TOR 120 mg daily)showed efficacy in these patients.	Toremifene	20-30	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	34-37
20937024-10	2010	Genistein, alpha-difluoromethylornithine, toremifene, R-flurbiprofen, celecoxib, and green tea polyphenols have been shown to prevent prostate cancer development in TRAMP mice.	Toremifene	42-52	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25	Mus musculus	165-170
21224536-0	2010	[The combined effect of Paclitaxel and toremifene therapy for estrogen receptor positive and aromatase inhibitor resistant metastatic breast cancer].	Toremifene	39-49	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	62-79
21224536-2	2010	The selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene (TOR) moderate P-gp was related to a drug resistance in vitro.	Toremifene	42-52	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	14-31
21224536-2	2010	The selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene (TOR) moderate P-gp was related to a drug resistance in vitro.	Toremifene	42-52	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
19967559-0	2010	Transcriptional modulation of BCRP gene to reverse multidrug resistance by toremifene in breast adenocarcinoma cells.	Toremifene	75-85	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	30-34
19967559-3	2010	However, whether and how BCRP is regulated transcriptionally by toremifene (TOR) remains unknown.	Toremifene	64-74	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	25-29
19967559-3	2010	However, whether and how BCRP is regulated transcriptionally by toremifene (TOR) remains unknown.	Toremifene	76-79	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	25-29
19967559-5	2010	We showed that toremifene alone significantly downregulated BCRP mRNA and protein levels in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the inhibitory effect was partially reversed by estrone (E(1)).	Toremifene	15-25	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	60-64
19967559-5	2010	We showed that toremifene alone significantly downregulated BCRP mRNA and protein levels in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the inhibitory effect was partially reversed by estrone (E(1)).	Toremifene	15-25	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	92-115
19967559-5	2010	We showed that toremifene alone significantly downregulated BCRP mRNA and protein levels in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the inhibitory effect was partially reversed by estrone (E(1)).	Toremifene	15-25	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	117-124
19967559-6	2010	Furthermore, gel shift assays demonstrated that specific binding of ERalpha to the ERE in the BCRP promoter is essential for transcriptional inhibition of BCRP by toremifene.	Toremifene	163-173	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	68-75
19967559-6	2010	Furthermore, gel shift assays demonstrated that specific binding of ERalpha to the ERE in the BCRP promoter is essential for transcriptional inhibition of BCRP by toremifene.	Toremifene	163-173	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	94-98
19967559-6	2010	Furthermore, gel shift assays demonstrated that specific binding of ERalpha to the ERE in the BCRP promoter is essential for transcriptional inhibition of BCRP by toremifene.	Toremifene	163-173	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	155-159
19967559-7	2010	Interestingly, toremifene alone increased the cellular accumulation of mitoxantrone in BCRP-transfected cells, suggesting that TOR indeed inhibits BCRP-mediated drug efflux and overcome drug resistance.	Toremifene	15-25	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	87-91
19967559-7	2010	Interestingly, toremifene alone increased the cellular accumulation of mitoxantrone in BCRP-transfected cells, suggesting that TOR indeed inhibits BCRP-mediated drug efflux and overcome drug resistance.	Toremifene	15-25	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	147-151
19967559-7	2010	Interestingly, toremifene alone increased the cellular accumulation of mitoxantrone in BCRP-transfected cells, suggesting that TOR indeed inhibits BCRP-mediated drug efflux and overcome drug resistance.	Toremifene	127-130	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	87-91
19967559-7	2010	Interestingly, toremifene alone increased the cellular accumulation of mitoxantrone in BCRP-transfected cells, suggesting that TOR indeed inhibits BCRP-mediated drug efflux and overcome drug resistance.	Toremifene	127-130	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	147-151
19967559-8	2010	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing a direct effect of toremifene on BCRP.	Toremifene	85-95	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	99-103
19967559-9	2010	Our results thus indicate that toremifene by itself downregulates BCRP expression to reverse BCRP-mediated atypical multidrug resistance via a novel transcriptionally mechanism, which might be involved in TOR-ER complexes binding to the ERE of BCRP promoter to repress transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	31-41	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	66-70
19967559-9	2010	Our results thus indicate that toremifene by itself downregulates BCRP expression to reverse BCRP-mediated atypical multidrug resistance via a novel transcriptionally mechanism, which might be involved in TOR-ER complexes binding to the ERE of BCRP promoter to repress transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	31-41	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	93-97
19967559-9	2010	Our results thus indicate that toremifene by itself downregulates BCRP expression to reverse BCRP-mediated atypical multidrug resistance via a novel transcriptionally mechanism, which might be involved in TOR-ER complexes binding to the ERE of BCRP promoter to repress transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	31-41	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	93-97
19967559-9	2010	Our results thus indicate that toremifene by itself downregulates BCRP expression to reverse BCRP-mediated atypical multidrug resistance via a novel transcriptionally mechanism, which might be involved in TOR-ER complexes binding to the ERE of BCRP promoter to repress transcription of BCRP gene.	Toremifene	31-41	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	93-97
20421203-0	2010	TOR-dependent reduction in the expression level of Rrn3p lowers the activity of the yeast RNA Pol I machinery, but does not account for the strong inhibition of rRNA production.	Toremifene	0-3	rDNA-binding RNA polymerase I transcriptional factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	51-56
19727203-1	2009	Toremifene citrate is expected to prevent drug resistance in cancer patients by inhibiting p-glycoprotein activity.	Toremifene	0-18	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	91-105
19287211-3	2009	In yeast, the Atg1 kinase complex includes Atg1, Atg13, Atg17, and at least four other interacting proteins, some of which are phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner, placing the Atg1 signaling complex downstream of a major nutrient-sensing pathway.	Toremifene	147-150	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
19287211-3	2009	In yeast, the Atg1 kinase complex includes Atg1, Atg13, Atg17, and at least four other interacting proteins, some of which are phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner, placing the Atg1 signaling complex downstream of a major nutrient-sensing pathway.	Toremifene	147-150	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-47
19287211-3	2009	In yeast, the Atg1 kinase complex includes Atg1, Atg13, Atg17, and at least four other interacting proteins, some of which are phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner, placing the Atg1 signaling complex downstream of a major nutrient-sensing pathway.	Toremifene	147-150	serine/threonine protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG13	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	49-54
19287211-3	2009	In yeast, the Atg1 kinase complex includes Atg1, Atg13, Atg17, and at least four other interacting proteins, some of which are phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner, placing the Atg1 signaling complex downstream of a major nutrient-sensing pathway.	Toremifene	147-150	protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG17	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	56-61
19287211-3	2009	In yeast, the Atg1 kinase complex includes Atg1, Atg13, Atg17, and at least four other interacting proteins, some of which are phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner, placing the Atg1 signaling complex downstream of a major nutrient-sensing pathway.	Toremifene	147-150	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	43-47
21368465-7	2011	We began high-dose toremifene therapy (120 mg/day) (HD-TOR) for treatment of recurrence and complete remission (CR), and was obtained after 8 months in all recurrent lesions.	Toremifene	19-29	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	55-58
21060891-8	2010	Only reg1, a targeting subunit of the type 1 phosphatase Glc7p, and members of the nutrient-sensitive TOR pathway (sit4 and the regulatory subunit sap190) were catalogued as low-lipid droplet content strains, which were studied further.	Toremifene	102-105	type 2A-related serine/threonine-protein phosphatase SIT4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	115-119
20209619-13	2010	Treatment of HR-positive patients with either tamoxifen or toremifene is appropriate.	Toremifene	59-69	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	13-15
20009468-6	2009	She recently completed 10 courses of the fourth-line regimen[tri-weekly docetaxel (DOC) and high-dose toremifene (TOR 120 mg/day)], which reduced levels of 99mTc accumulation in the multiple bone metastases and levels of the serum tumor markers to the normal range.	Toremifene	102-112	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	114-117
19542727-3	2009	Recently, high-dose toremifene(HD-TOR, TOR 120 mg daily)showed efficacy in these patients.	Toremifene	20-30	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	39-42
18155395-0	2008	Toremifene decreases type I, type II and increases type III receptors in desmoid and fibroma and inhibits TGFbeta1 binding in desmoid fibroblasts.	Toremifene	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	106-114
19374031-2	2009	Gtr1p and Gtr2p may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport and in the nutrient-responsive TOR signaling pathway, but the role of the Gtr1p-Gtr2p heterodimer is not well understood.	Toremifene	94-97	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
19374031-2	2009	Gtr1p and Gtr2p may be involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport and in the nutrient-responsive TOR signaling pathway, but the role of the Gtr1p-Gtr2p heterodimer is not well understood.	Toremifene	94-97	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-15
19273591-1	2009	Yeast ptc1 mutants are rapamycin and caffeine sensitive, suggesting a functional connection between Ptc1 and the TOR pathway that is not shared by most members of the type 2C phosphatase family.	Toremifene	113-116	type 2C protein phosphatase PTC1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	6-10
19013008-7	2009	Preliminary clinical studies with the ERalpha antagonist toremifene have identified the ERalpha as a promising target for PCa prevention.	Toremifene	57-67	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	38-45
19013008-7	2009	Preliminary clinical studies with the ERalpha antagonist toremifene have identified the ERalpha as a promising target for PCa prevention.	Toremifene	57-67	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-95
19468285-3	2009	In prostate stromal cells, the transactivation activities of ER were enhanced by adding E(2) and reduced remarkably by toremifene.	Toremifene	119-129	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-63
19225150-4	2009	Atg1 physically interacts with TOR and Atg13 in vivo, and both Atg1 and Atg13 are phosphorylated in a nutrient-, TOR- and Atg1 kinase-dependent manner.	Toremifene	31-34	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
19225150-4	2009	Atg1 physically interacts with TOR and Atg13 in vivo, and both Atg1 and Atg13 are phosphorylated in a nutrient-, TOR- and Atg1 kinase-dependent manner.	Toremifene	31-34	serine/threonine protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG13	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-77
19225150-4	2009	Atg1 physically interacts with TOR and Atg13 in vivo, and both Atg1 and Atg13 are phosphorylated in a nutrient-, TOR- and Atg1 kinase-dependent manner.	Toremifene	113-116	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
19225150-4	2009	Atg1 physically interacts with TOR and Atg13 in vivo, and both Atg1 and Atg13 are phosphorylated in a nutrient-, TOR- and Atg1 kinase-dependent manner.	Toremifene	113-116	serine/threonine protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG13	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-77
19343000-6	2009	Estrogen regulated genes GDF15 and L1CAM became regulated by toremifene in the later passage number of toremifene-resistant cells, which might be an indication of the developed estrogen-agonistic activity of toremifene in these cells.	Toremifene	61-71	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	25-30
19343000-6	2009	Estrogen regulated genes GDF15 and L1CAM became regulated by toremifene in the later passage number of toremifene-resistant cells, which might be an indication of the developed estrogen-agonistic activity of toremifene in these cells.	Toremifene	61-71	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	35-40
19343000-6	2009	Estrogen regulated genes GDF15 and L1CAM became regulated by toremifene in the later passage number of toremifene-resistant cells, which might be an indication of the developed estrogen-agonistic activity of toremifene in these cells.	Toremifene	103-113	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	25-30
19343000-6	2009	Estrogen regulated genes GDF15 and L1CAM became regulated by toremifene in the later passage number of toremifene-resistant cells, which might be an indication of the developed estrogen-agonistic activity of toremifene in these cells.	Toremifene	103-113	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	35-40
19343000-6	2009	Estrogen regulated genes GDF15 and L1CAM became regulated by toremifene in the later passage number of toremifene-resistant cells, which might be an indication of the developed estrogen-agonistic activity of toremifene in these cells.	Toremifene	103-113	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	25-30
19343000-6	2009	Estrogen regulated genes GDF15 and L1CAM became regulated by toremifene in the later passage number of toremifene-resistant cells, which might be an indication of the developed estrogen-agonistic activity of toremifene in these cells.	Toremifene	103-113	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	35-40
18936884-2	2009	Toremifene (TOR) may moderate P-gp-related drug resistance in vitro.	Toremifene	0-10	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	30-34
18936884-2	2009	Toremifene (TOR) may moderate P-gp-related drug resistance in vitro.	Toremifene	12-15	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	30-34
18155395-4	2008	As toremifene inhibits collagen and TGFbeta1 synthesis, we tested it in normal, desmoid and fibroma fibroblasts.	Toremifene	3-13	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	36-44
18813793-4	2008	We attempted to verify in an experimental model the role of cytoplasmic clusterin (CLU), a cytoprotective protein found to be up-regulated in antiestrogen-resistant patients, following neoadjuvant treatment with toremifene.	Toremifene	212-222	clusterin	Homo sapiens	72-81
18155395-5	2008	We will report the changes in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen synthesis, TGFbeta1 activity, fibronectin mRNA expression and TGFbeta1 receptors after toremifene treatment in normal, fibroma and desmoid fibroblasts.	Toremifene	154-164	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	129-137
18813793-4	2008	We attempted to verify in an experimental model the role of cytoplasmic clusterin (CLU), a cytoprotective protein found to be up-regulated in antiestrogen-resistant patients, following neoadjuvant treatment with toremifene.	Toremifene	212-222	clusterin	Homo sapiens	83-86
18155395-9	2008	Toremifene treatment reduced GAG and collagen synthesis, TGFbeta1 activity and fibronectin levels in all cell cultures.	Toremifene	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	57-65
18155395-9	2008	Toremifene treatment reduced GAG and collagen synthesis, TGFbeta1 activity and fibronectin levels in all cell cultures.	Toremifene	0-10	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	79-90
18813793-5	2008	The role of cytoplasmic clusterin in modulating response to two antiestrogens (toremifene and tamoxifen) was studied in two ER+ anti-estrogen-sensitive cell lines (MCF-7, 734B) and one ER+ antiestrogen-resistant cell line (T47D) using siRNA strategy.	Toremifene	79-89	clusterin	Homo sapiens	24-33
18155395-12	2008	Toremifene reduced TGFbeta1 receptors only in desmoid fibroblasts, with no effect on the changes in type I, II, and III receptors.	Toremifene	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	19-27
18813793-8	2008	We therefore concluded that: i) basal clusterin levels are higher in antiestrogen resistant cells, ii) clusterin is up-regulated following antiestrogen treatment independently of the sensitivity of the cell line, iii) down-regulation of cytoplasmic clusterin restores sensitivity to toremifene in the antiestrogen-resistant cell line.	Toremifene	283-293	clusterin	Homo sapiens	103-112
18813793-8	2008	We therefore concluded that: i) basal clusterin levels are higher in antiestrogen resistant cells, ii) clusterin is up-regulated following antiestrogen treatment independently of the sensitivity of the cell line, iii) down-regulation of cytoplasmic clusterin restores sensitivity to toremifene in the antiestrogen-resistant cell line.	Toremifene	283-293	clusterin	Homo sapiens	103-112
18155395-14	2008	The reduction in receptor number only in desmoid cells suggests that toremifene may reduce TGFbeta1"s affinity for its receptors.	Toremifene	69-79	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	91-99
18258182-7	2008	Gtr1p and Gtr2p were required to repress nitrogen catabolite-repressed genes, which are repressed by the TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	105-108	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
18469137-7	2008	Considering that TOR1 deletion also increases respiration and that Sch9p is a direct target of TOR signaling, we propose that SCH9 is one of the major effectors of TOR repression of respiratory activity in glucose grown cells.	Toremifene	17-20	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	126-130
18508997-8	2008	This concept was corroborated by in vitro studies showing that silencing of CLU restored toremifene sensitivity in the ER anti-estrogen-resistant breast cancer cell line T47D.	Toremifene	89-99	clusterin	Homo sapiens	76-79
18258182-7	2008	Gtr1p and Gtr2p were required to repress nitrogen catabolite-repressed genes, which are repressed by the TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	105-108	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-15
18258182-8	2008	We propose that Gtr1p and Gtr2p are involved in epigenetic control of gene expression in the TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	93-96	Rag GTPase GTR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	16-21
18258182-8	2008	We propose that Gtr1p and Gtr2p are involved in epigenetic control of gene expression in the TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	93-96	Gtr2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-31
18245087-0	2008	Tor pathway control of the nitrogen-responsive DAL5 gene bifurcates at the level of Gln3 and Gat1 regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Toremifene	0-3	allantoate permease	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	47-51
18245087-0	2008	Tor pathway control of the nitrogen-responsive DAL5 gene bifurcates at the level of Gln3 and Gat1 regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Toremifene	0-3	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	84-88
18245087-0	2008	Tor pathway control of the nitrogen-responsive DAL5 gene bifurcates at the level of Gln3 and Gat1 regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Toremifene	0-3	Gat1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	93-97
18270585-8	2008	Further analysis of the hsf1-R206S, F256S allele revealed that these cells also displayed multiple phenotypes consistent with reduced TOR signaling.	Toremifene	134-137	stress-responsive transcription factor HSF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-28
18443284-5	2008	These results reveal a role for Golgi-to-endosome vesicular trafficking in TORC1-controlled nuclear translocation of Gln3 and support a model in which Tor-mediated signaling in response to nutrient cues occurs in these compartments.	Toremifene	151-154	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	117-121
18301741-10	2008	Negative feedback on TOR pathway function to restrict the expression of FLO11 under nitrogen starved condition and also with re-addition of nitrogen to starved cells.	Toremifene	21-24	Flo11p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-77
17479667-4	2007	High doses of TOR treatment significantly increased the E2-induced ERbeta expression.	Toremifene	14-17	estrogen receptor 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	67-73
18315901-6	2008	Tetrandrine and toremifene (alone or combination) elevated the ADR concentration in K562/A02, down regulated the expressions of P-gp and MDR1 mRNA.	Toremifene	16-26	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	128-132
18315901-6	2008	Tetrandrine and toremifene (alone or combination) elevated the ADR concentration in K562/A02, down regulated the expressions of P-gp and MDR1 mRNA.	Toremifene	16-26	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	137-141
17875934-7	2007	Finally, in the absence of Hmo1, TOR-dependent repression of RP genes is alleviated.	Toremifene	33-36	Hmo1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
17604271-3	2007	PRAS40 interacts with raptor, and this requires an intact TOR-signaling (TOS) motif in PRAS40.	Toremifene	58-61	AKT1 substrate 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
17604271-3	2007	PRAS40 interacts with raptor, and this requires an intact TOR-signaling (TOS) motif in PRAS40.	Toremifene	58-61	AKT1 substrate 1	Homo sapiens	87-93
17507646-4	2007	Proteomic analysis of these TOR-associated membranes revealed the presence of regulators of endocytosis and the actin cytoskeleton.	Toremifene	28-31	actin	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-117
17208179-9	2007	In addition, we demonstrate that Atg1-induced autophagy strongly inhibits cell growth and that Atg1 mutant cells have a relative growth advantage under conditions of reduced TOR signaling.	Toremifene	174-177	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	33-37
17208179-9	2007	In addition, we demonstrate that Atg1-induced autophagy strongly inhibits cell growth and that Atg1 mutant cells have a relative growth advantage under conditions of reduced TOR signaling.	Toremifene	174-177	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	95-99
17942301-7	2008	The growth of Ac-1 cells was inhibited by tamoxifen, toremifene and atamestane in vitro with IC(50) values of 1.8+/-1.3 microM, 1+/-0.3 microM and 60.4+/-17.2 microM, respectively.	Toremifene	53-63	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1587	Homo sapiens	14-18
17412336-9	2007	RESULT(S): Toremifene administration resulted in a significant increase in FSH, testosterone, SHBG, and inhibin B levels, as well as in sperm concentration, percentage motility and normal sperm forms.	Toremifene	11-21	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	94-98
16874307-8	2006	These findings suggest that the association of the Tap42-phosphatase complexes with TORC1 represents an important mechanism by which nutrient controls Tor signaling activity.	Toremifene	151-154	Tap42p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	51-56
16798736-4	2006	The response was associated with a marked increase in 4EBP1 binding to raptor in mTORC1, and it was abolished by disrupting the TOR signaling motif in 4EBP1.	Toremifene	82-85	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
16798736-4	2006	The response was associated with a marked increase in 4EBP1 binding to raptor in mTORC1, and it was abolished by disrupting the TOR signaling motif in 4EBP1.	Toremifene	82-85	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	151-156
14595104-0	2004	Tor pathway regulates Rrn3p-dependent recruitment of yeast RNA polymerase I to the promoter but does not participate in alteration of the number of active genes.	Toremifene	0-3	rDNA-binding RNA polymerase I transcriptional factor	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-27
16273361-22	2005	The antiestrogens, tamoxifen, and toremifene, may moderate P-gp-related drug resistance in vitro.	Toremifene	34-44	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
15878852-9	2005	Amino acid withdrawal may generate an inhibitor of the Rheb-mTOR interaction that interferes with the signaling function of TOR complex 1.	Toremifene	61-64	Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding	Homo sapiens	55-59
15592834-0	2005	Endometrial K-ras mutations in postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen or toremifene.	Toremifene	104-114	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	12-17
15756272-1	2005	The putative presence of a mutation in codon 12 of the K-ras gene was investigated in the endometrium of tamoxifen (TAM) and toremifene (TOR)-treated breast cancer patients.	Toremifene	125-135	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	55-60
15756272-1	2005	The putative presence of a mutation in codon 12 of the K-ras gene was investigated in the endometrium of tamoxifen (TAM) and toremifene (TOR)-treated breast cancer patients.	Toremifene	137-140	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	55-60
15316697-3	2004	In DU-145 cells transfected with AR, the transactivation activity of AR was inhibited by tamoxifen and toremifene, even in the presence of 10 nM of DHT.	Toremifene	103-113	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	33-35
15316697-3	2004	In DU-145 cells transfected with AR, the transactivation activity of AR was inhibited by tamoxifen and toremifene, even in the presence of 10 nM of DHT.	Toremifene	103-113	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	69-71
15316697-4	2004	On the other hand, in LNCaP cells having an endogenous AR mutation at codon 877, the activity of AR was suppressed by faslodex in the presence of 10 nM DHT, whereas it was not inhibited by tamoxifen nor toremifene.	Toremifene	203-213	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	55-57
15316697-4	2004	On the other hand, in LNCaP cells having an endogenous AR mutation at codon 877, the activity of AR was suppressed by faslodex in the presence of 10 nM DHT, whereas it was not inhibited by tamoxifen nor toremifene.	Toremifene	203-213	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	97-99
15316697-6	2004	Faslodex and toremifene inhibited AR activity to some extent, but they seemed to function as agonists at higher concentrations.	Toremifene	13-23	androgen receptor	Homo sapiens	34-36
17062721-5	2006	In randomized controlled trials, bisphosphonates (pamidronate and zoledronic acid) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (raloxifene and toremifene) increased bone mineral density in GnRH agonist-treated men.	Toremifene	142-152	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	188-192
16672275-10	2006	The same effect was observed upon treatment with rapamycin, indicating an unexpected relationship of Arp4 to TOR-mediated cell cycle arrest.	Toremifene	109-112	Arp4p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	101-105
16418483-6	2006	Decreased TOR activity also promoted increased accumulation of storage carbohydrates and enhanced stress resistance and nuclear relocalization of the stress-related transcription factor Msn2.	Toremifene	10-13	stress-responsive transcriptional activator MSN2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	186-190
16474548-5	2005	In small, randomized, controlled trials, bisphosphonates (pamidronate, zoledronic acid) and selective estrogen-receptor modulators (raloxifene, toremifene) increased bone mineral density in GnRH-agonist-treated men.	Toremifene	144-154	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	102-119
16394584-11	2005	Consistent with the broad cellular functions exerted by the TOR pathway, we found that Las24p was associated with membranes and was localized at vacuoles, the plasma membrane and small vesicles.	Toremifene	60-63	ubiquitin-binding TORC1 subunit KOG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	87-93
15659381-2	2005	We previously identified a conserved TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 that is required for its mTOR-dependent activation.	Toremifene	37-40	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	84-88
15659381-2	2005	We previously identified a conserved TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 that is required for its mTOR-dependent activation.	Toremifene	37-40	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	114-118
16985877-6	2005	Preliminary evidence suggests that both raloxifene and toremifene increase bone mineral density in GnRH agonist-treated men.	Toremifene	55-65	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
16985877-7	2005	An ongoing pivotal study will evaluate the effects of toremifene on fractures and other complications of GnRH agonists in men with prostate cancer.	Toremifene	54-64	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
12747827-2	2003	We recently identified a TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 and the C terminus of 4E-BP1 and demonstrated that in S6K1, the TOS motif is necessary to facilitate mTOR signaling to phosphorylate and activate S6K1.	Toremifene	25-28	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	72-76
12665511-4	2003	The Arg-Ala-Ile-Pro (RAIP motif) and Phe-Glu-Met-Asp-Ile (tor signaling motif) sequences found in the NH2- and COOH-terminal regions of PHAS-I, respectively, are required for the efficient phosphorylation of PHAS-I in cells.	Toremifene	58-61	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	136-142
14719069-7	2004	In this study, the administration of TOR alone markedly reduced tumors in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, facilitating down-staging.	Toremifene	37-40	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	88-105
14719069-7	2004	In this study, the administration of TOR alone markedly reduced tumors in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, facilitating down-staging.	Toremifene	37-40	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	107-109
15360048-0	2004	Differential effects of toremifene on doxorubicin, vinblastine and Tc-99m-sestamibi in P-glycoprotein-expressing breast and head and neck cancer cell lines.	Toremifene	24-34	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	87-101
15360048-1	2004	The effect of toremifene on P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast and head and neck cancer cell lines was measured in vitro and in vivo.	Toremifene	14-24	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	28-42
15360048-6	2004	In contrast, toremifene (5 microM) reduced the net uptake of the radiolabelled Pgp substrate, Tc-99m-sestamibi, in the Pgp-overexpressing cell lines by factors of 0.32 and 0.42 for MCF7-R1 and KBV1 cells, respectively (p < 0.01), and, to a lesser extent, by corresponding factors of 0.89 and 0.86 in the drug-sensitive cell lines (p < 0.05 and p > 0.05, respectively).	Toremifene	13-23	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	79-82
15360048-6	2004	In contrast, toremifene (5 microM) reduced the net uptake of the radiolabelled Pgp substrate, Tc-99m-sestamibi, in the Pgp-overexpressing cell lines by factors of 0.32 and 0.42 for MCF7-R1 and KBV1 cells, respectively (p < 0.01), and, to a lesser extent, by corresponding factors of 0.89 and 0.86 in the drug-sensitive cell lines (p < 0.05 and p > 0.05, respectively).	Toremifene	13-23	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	119-122
14517308-6	2003	On the contrary, the activation of TOR by glutamine induces the relocalization of Ime1 to the cytoplasm.	Toremifene	35-38	transcription factor IME1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-86
12870885-7	2003	As a result, we investigated the binding affinities of 4-hydroxy and 3,4-dihydroxy derivatives of tamoxifen and toremifene to ER alpha and beta.	Toremifene	112-122	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	126-134
12747827-2	2003	We recently identified a TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 and the C terminus of 4E-BP1 and demonstrated that in S6K1, the TOS motif is necessary to facilitate mTOR signaling to phosphorylate and activate S6K1.	Toremifene	25-28	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	99-105
12747827-2	2003	We recently identified a TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 and the C terminus of 4E-BP1 and demonstrated that in S6K1, the TOS motif is necessary to facilitate mTOR signaling to phosphorylate and activate S6K1.	Toremifene	25-28	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	131-135
12747827-2	2003	We recently identified a TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 and the C terminus of 4E-BP1 and demonstrated that in S6K1, the TOS motif is necessary to facilitate mTOR signaling to phosphorylate and activate S6K1.	Toremifene	25-28	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	178-182
12747827-2	2003	We recently identified a TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of S6K1 and the C terminus of 4E-BP1 and demonstrated that in S6K1, the TOS motif is necessary to facilitate mTOR signaling to phosphorylate and activate S6K1.	Toremifene	25-28	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	131-135
12476040-2	2002	Toremifene is known to upregulate transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), which is a growth-inhibitory factor for KS.	Toremifene	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	34-67
12533678-9	2003	Tamoxifen and toremifene were also found to enhance topotecan uptake in K562/BCRP cells.	Toremifene	14-24	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	77-81
12697813-3	2003	Tor-mediated signaling activity promotes the interaction of phosphatase-interacting protein Tap42 with PP2A and 2A-like protein phosphatases.	Toremifene	0-3	Tap42p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	92-97
12476040-2	2002	Toremifene is known to upregulate transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1), which is a growth-inhibitory factor for KS.	Toremifene	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	69-78
12476040-6	2002	RESULTS: The IC(50) for the KS cells ranged from 2.2 to 3.2 microM, and 80% of the growth inhibition occurred within 24 h. Toremifene enhanced TGF-beta1 mRNA expression, and the level of TGF-beta1 increased from 103 to 473 pg/ml after 48 h of incubation.	Toremifene	123-133	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	143-152
12476040-6	2002	RESULTS: The IC(50) for the KS cells ranged from 2.2 to 3.2 microM, and 80% of the growth inhibition occurred within 24 h. Toremifene enhanced TGF-beta1 mRNA expression, and the level of TGF-beta1 increased from 103 to 473 pg/ml after 48 h of incubation.	Toremifene	123-133	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	187-196
12140287-9	2002	This finding may impact significantly on how we view (i) the mechanism by which Tor regulates the intracellular localization of Gln3 and (ii) how proteins move into and out of the nucleus.	Toremifene	80-83	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	128-132
12667319-1	2002	OBJECTIVE: To study the toxic effect of toremifene (TOR) and its synergistic effect with cisplatin (DDP) on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549.	Toremifene	40-50	translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8A	Homo sapiens	100-103
12667319-6	2002	TOR enhanced the antitumor activity of DDP at S, G(2) and M phases of cells.	Toremifene	0-3	translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8A	Homo sapiens	39-42
12396554-7	2002	Our results demonstrate that conjugated equine estrogens were able to up-regulate mRNA levels of the IGFBP-5 gene, while oophorectomy alone as well as associated with hormone therapy such as tamoxifen, raloxifene and toremifene resulted in down-regulation of uterine IGFBP-5 gene expression.	Toremifene	217-227	insulin like growth factor binding protein 5	Equus caballus	101-108
11967149-4	2002	RESULTS: We have identified a conserved TOR signaling (TOS) motif in the N terminus of all known S6 kinases and in the C terminus of the 4E-BPs that is crucial for phosphorylation and regulation S6K1 and 4E-BP1 activities.	Toremifene	40-43	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	195-210
12090039-3	2002	It is known that, after toremifene (TOR) or tamoxifen (TAM) is consecutively administered to breast cancer patients, TOR or TAM and their main active N-desmethyl-metabolites (TOR-1 or TAM-1) are detected in sera, tumor tissues, and lymph nodes.	Toremifene	117-120	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	184-189
12079510-2	2002	In the short-term experiment, a single low dose of TOR (0.2 mg / 30 g body weight) decreased expression of c-fos, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha mRNAs and corresponding proteins induced by estradiol-17beta (E(2)), in the uteri of the ovariectomized mice.	Toremifene	51-54	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	107-112
12079510-2	2002	In the short-term experiment, a single low dose of TOR (0.2 mg / 30 g body weight) decreased expression of c-fos, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha mRNAs and corresponding proteins induced by estradiol-17beta (E(2)), in the uteri of the ovariectomized mice.	Toremifene	51-54	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	114-137
12079510-2	2002	In the short-term experiment, a single low dose of TOR (0.2 mg / 30 g body weight) decreased expression of c-fos, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha mRNAs and corresponding proteins induced by estradiol-17beta (E(2)), in the uteri of the ovariectomized mice.	Toremifene	51-54	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	139-167
12079510-3	2002	Expression of ER-beta mRNA was increased by the TOR treatment, compared with the control.	Toremifene	48-51	estrogen receptor 2 (beta)	Mus musculus	14-21
12079510-8	2002	These results suggest that TOR exerts preventive effects against estrogen-related endometrial carcinogenesis in mice, through the suppression of c-fos as well as IL-1alpha expression induced by E(2).	Toremifene	27-30	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	145-150
12079510-8	2002	These results suggest that TOR exerts preventive effects against estrogen-related endometrial carcinogenesis in mice, through the suppression of c-fos as well as IL-1alpha expression induced by E(2).	Toremifene	27-30	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	162-171
11997479-6	2002	MSX-induced glutamine starvation caused nuclear localization and activation of the TOR-inhibited transcription factors GLN3, RTG1, and RTG3, all of which mediate glutamine synthesis.	Toremifene	83-86	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	119-123
11997479-6	2002	MSX-induced glutamine starvation caused nuclear localization and activation of the TOR-inhibited transcription factors GLN3, RTG1, and RTG3, all of which mediate glutamine synthesis.	Toremifene	83-86	Rtg1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	125-129
11997479-6	2002	MSX-induced glutamine starvation caused nuclear localization and activation of the TOR-inhibited transcription factors GLN3, RTG1, and RTG3, all of which mediate glutamine synthesis.	Toremifene	83-86	Rtg3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	135-139
11997479-7	2002	The MSX-induced nuclear localization of GLN3 required the TOR-controlled, type 2A-related phosphatase SIT4.	Toremifene	58-61	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	40-44
11997479-7	2002	The MSX-induced nuclear localization of GLN3 required the TOR-controlled, type 2A-related phosphatase SIT4.	Toremifene	58-61	type 2A-related serine/threonine-protein phosphatase SIT4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	102-106
11937596-13	2002	Nevertheless, at 120 min, 8 of 8 tumors with low Pgp expression showed reduced uptake after toremifene, whereas 5 of 6 tumors with strong expression showed increased uptake (P < 0.003).	Toremifene	92-102	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
11937029-6	2002	The Pkc1 pathway does not regulate the TOR proteins: transcriptional changes dependent on inhibition of the TORs occur normally in pkc1Delta and mpk1Delta mutants when starved for nitrogen; pkc1Delta and mpk1Delta mutants die rapidly upon treatment with rapamycin, an inhibitor of the TORs.	Toremifene	108-112	protein kinase C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
11948458-0	2002	Effects of transforming growth factor-beta1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha on cultured fibroblasts from skin fibroma as modulated by toremifene.	Toremifene	135-145	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	11-76
11948458-1	2002	To determine how toremifene, an anti-oestrogen triphenylethylene derivate, reduces tumour mass, we investigated its modulation of TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha in fibroma fibroblasts.	Toremifene	17-27	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	130-139
11948458-1	2002	To determine how toremifene, an anti-oestrogen triphenylethylene derivate, reduces tumour mass, we investigated its modulation of TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha in fibroma fibroblasts.	Toremifene	17-27	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	144-153
11948458-9	2002	Toremifene reduced TGF-beta1 secretion by fibroma fibroblasts and TNF-alpha secretion by monocytes, thus downregulating cell proliferation, ECM macromolecule accumulation and angiogenic progression.	Toremifene	0-10	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	19-28
11948458-9	2002	Toremifene reduced TGF-beta1 secretion by fibroma fibroblasts and TNF-alpha secretion by monocytes, thus downregulating cell proliferation, ECM macromolecule accumulation and angiogenic progression.	Toremifene	0-10	multimerin 1	Homo sapiens	140-143
11948458-10	2002	We hypothesise that increased TGF-beta1 gene expression and TGF-beta1 secretion in fibroma fibroblasts as well as the subsequent rise in TNF-alpha production by monocytes may facilitate fibroma growth and that toremifene inhibits autocrine and paracrine growth factor production.	Toremifene	210-220	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	30-39
11937596-16	2002	Toremifene has a dual effect on this accumulation, increasing it through an inhibitory effect on Pgp while at the same time reducing it by a direct competition with sestamibi.	Toremifene	0-10	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	97-100
11888907-0	2002	Toremifene prevents prostate cancer in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate model.	Toremifene	0-10	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25	Mus musculus	43-86
11896754-6	2002	Toremifene has also shown to be genotoxic, but to a far lower extent, by inducing micronuclei in MCL-5 a cells in vitro and by inducing aneuploidy in rat liver in vivo.	Toremifene	0-10	C-type lectin domain family 4 member D	Homo sapiens	97-100
11888907-1	2002	The chemopreventive efficacy of toremifene, an antiestrogen, was evaluated in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model.	Toremifene	32-42	tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25	Mus musculus	82-125
11836612-4	2002	A combination of toremifene plus interferon-alpha2b resulted in a synergistic interaction (CI <1) for the two highest concentrations of toremifene (10(-6) and 10(-7) M) and an additive effect (CI approximately equal to 1) for the lower concentrations (10(-8) to 10(-10) M).	Toremifene	139-149	interferon alpha 2	Homo sapiens	33-51
11747628-7	2001	Our results suggest that in reducing TGF-beta1 production by desmoid fibroblasts and TNF-alpha production by monocytes, toremifene may restore the balance between the two growth factors.	Toremifene	120-130	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	37-46
11739804-9	2001	Activation of the MAP kinase or cAMP pathways, or mutation of the Sok2 repressor, restored filamentation in rapamycin treated cells, supporting models in which the Tor pathway acts in parallel with these known pathways.	Toremifene	164-167	Sok2p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	66-70
11747628-0	2001	Synthesis and secretion of transforming growth factor-beta1 by human desmoid fibroblast cell line and its modulation by toremifene.	Toremifene	120-130	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	27-59
11457832-2	2001	Here we show that transcription of ENA1, a gene encoding a lithium and sodium ion transporter essential for salt tolerance in yeast, is controlled by the TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	154-157	Na(+)/Li(+)-exporting P-type ATPase ENA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	35-39
11741537-5	2001	Thus, TIP41 negatively regulates the TOR pathway by binding and inhibiting TAP42.	Toremifene	37-40	Tap42p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	75-80
11457832-3	2001	First, ENA1 expression is strongly induced under TOR-inactivating conditions.	Toremifene	49-52	Na(+)/Li(+)-exporting P-type ATPase ENA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	7-11
11457832-7	2001	In summary, our results suggest that TOR plays a role in the general response to saline stress by regulating the transcription of ENA1 via GLN3 and GAT1.	Toremifene	37-40	Na(+)/Li(+)-exporting P-type ATPase ENA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	130-134
11457832-7	2001	In summary, our results suggest that TOR plays a role in the general response to saline stress by regulating the transcription of ENA1 via GLN3 and GAT1.	Toremifene	37-40	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	139-143
11457832-7	2001	In summary, our results suggest that TOR plays a role in the general response to saline stress by regulating the transcription of ENA1 via GLN3 and GAT1.	Toremifene	37-40	Gat1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	148-152
11488520-3	2001	While estrogen administration has been reported to upregulate PKC and c-FOS expression, the triphenylethylenes tamoxifen and toremifene potentiate platinum cytotoxicity by inhibition of PKC.	Toremifene	125-135	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	186-189
11485920-5	2001	Gene-expression XY-scatterplots using Clontech mouse 1.2 Atlas mouse cDNA expression arrays analyzing total uterine RNA showed nerve growth factor-alpha, preadipocyte factor-1, and insulin-like growth factor-2 were key genes differentially modified by tamoxifen or toremifene treatment, relative to the controls.	Toremifene	265-275	delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1	Mus musculus	127-209
11331291-2	2001	Gln3p was recently found to be hyperphosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner and resides in the cytoplasm in high quality nitrogen.	Toremifene	56-59	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
11032589-10	2000	When only patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cancer were considered (n = 556), the risk for breast cancer recurrence was nonsignificantly lower among the toremifene-treated women, with a hazards ratio of 0.74 (90% confidence interval, 0.52 to 1.04; P: =.14).	Toremifene	165-175	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	24-41
11495041-9	2001	However, toremifene significantly alleviated both ethanol induction of the pro-oxidant enzyme CYP2E1 and ethanol reduction of the oxidant-protective enzyme Se-glutathione peroxidase.	Toremifene	9-19	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-100
11404501-4	2001	We performed a phase II trial of toremifene in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC).	Toremifene	33-43	PDZ domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	99-103
11432355-6	2001	After 3 months administration of toremifene, pain disappeared and her high serum CA15-3 and BCA225 dropped to within the normal range.	Toremifene	33-43	mucin 1, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	81-87
11457665-6	2001	For MCF-7 cells, FC-1271a and its main metabolite, toremifene VI (TOR VI) displayed anti-estrogenic effects in vitro as shown through growth inhibition and decreased expression of pS2.	Toremifene	51-61	taste 2 receptor member 64 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	180-183
11242650-8	2001	High-dose toremifene might be an effective therapy for cases of postmenopausal metastatic breast cancer, with high levels of estrogen and progesterone receptor.	Toremifene	10-20	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	138-159
10940301-0	2000	Tripartite regulation of Gln3p by TOR, Ure2p, and phosphatases.	Toremifene	34-37	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-30
10940301-2	2000	Recent evidence has linked TOR signaling to Gln3p.	Toremifene	27-30	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	44-49
11244074-0	2001	TOR modulates GCN4-dependent expression of genes turned on by nitrogen limitation.	Toremifene	0-3	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-18
11244074-4	2001	The results presented in this paper indicate that GCN4 plays a role in the rapamycin-sensitive signaling pathway, regulating the expression of genes involved in the utilization of poor nitrogen sources, a previously unrecognized role for Gcn4p, and that the TOR pathway controls GCN4 activity by regulating the translation of GCN4 mRNA.	Toremifene	258-261	amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor GCN4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	50-54
11165827-11	2001	The release of toremifene citrate from HMW devices was not complete before the second stage of polymer degradation began.	Toremifene	15-33	cilia and flagella associated protein 97	Homo sapiens	39-42
11032589-10	2000	When only patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cancer were considered (n = 556), the risk for breast cancer recurrence was nonsignificantly lower among the toremifene-treated women, with a hazards ratio of 0.74 (90% confidence interval, 0.52 to 1.04; P: =.14).	Toremifene	165-175	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	43-45
10995454-4	2000	In addition, we have also found that Apg13, which binds to and activates Apg1, is hyperphosphorylated in a Tor-dependent manner, reducing its affinity to Apg1.	Toremifene	107-110	serine/threonine protein kinase regulatory subunit ATG13	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-42
10995454-4	2000	In addition, we have also found that Apg13, which binds to and activates Apg1, is hyperphosphorylated in a Tor-dependent manner, reducing its affinity to Apg1.	Toremifene	107-110	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-41
10995454-4	2000	In addition, we have also found that Apg13, which binds to and activates Apg1, is hyperphosphorylated in a Tor-dependent manner, reducing its affinity to Apg1.	Toremifene	107-110	serine/threonine protein kinase ATG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	73-77
10924844-0	2000	Antiestrogenic tamoxifen and toremifene increase serum leptin levels in postmenopausal breast cancer patients.	Toremifene	29-39	leptin	Homo sapiens	55-61
10436010-8	1999	Overexpression of the PLC1 gene, which encodes the yeast phospholipase C homologue, suppressed growth inhibition by the TOR-toxic domains.	Toremifene	120-123	phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	22-26
10632979-0	2000	Toremifene increases the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Jurkat cells.	Toremifene	0-10	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	39-72
10632979-0	2000	Toremifene increases the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Jurkat cells.	Toremifene	0-10	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	74-80
10632979-4	2000	Toremifene did not affect Fas expression or Fas-mediated apoptosis in Fas-resistant MCF-7 or Fas-sensitive Jurkat cells, but was found to increase the expression of ICAM-1 in both cell lines.	Toremifene	0-10	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	165-171
10632979-5	2000	In addition, toremifene increased the expression of CD40 and CD80 on MCF-7 cells.	Toremifene	13-23	CD40 molecule	Homo sapiens	52-56
10632979-5	2000	In addition, toremifene increased the expression of CD40 and CD80 on MCF-7 cells.	Toremifene	13-23	CD80 molecule	Homo sapiens	61-65
10632979-7	2000	Therefore, we suggest that toremifene may modulate the immunogenicity of tumour cells by increasing the expression of ICAM-1.	Toremifene	27-37	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	118-124
10813108-2	2000	We studied the effects of tamoxifen and another antiestrogen, toremifene, on the production of vasoconstrictive endothelin-1 and of vasodilatory nitric oxide in 44 postmenopausal patients with breast cancer.	Toremifene	62-72	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	112-124
10813108-6	2000	This fall was solely due to toremifene, the use of which was associated with falls in endothelin-1 at 6 months (12.9 +/- 4.7%; p = 0.01) and 12 months (9.2 +/- 6.2%; p = 0.06).	Toremifene	28-38	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	86-98
10813108-7	2000	The antiestrogen regimen failed to affect plasma nitric oxide significantly but nevertheless the ratio between nitric oxide and endothelin-1 rose by 31.6 +/- 13.3% at 6 months and by 35.6 +/- 15.3% at 12 months in the antiestrogen users, an effect similar in the tamoxifen and toremifene groups.	Toremifene	277-287	endothelin 1	Homo sapiens	128-140
10912574-14	2000	However, addition of serum from patients on toremifene to MCF-7 adr cells in vitro inhibited Pgp-mediated efflux of rhodamine 123.	Toremifene	44-54	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	93-96
10573106-1	1999	Meta-analysis of all clinical data was conducted to compare toremifene 40-60 mg/day (TOR) with tamoxifen 20-40 mg/day (TAM) in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) positive or ER unknown advanced breast cancer and assess factors predicting treatment outcome.	Toremifene	60-70	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	153-170
10573106-1	1999	Meta-analysis of all clinical data was conducted to compare toremifene 40-60 mg/day (TOR) with tamoxifen 20-40 mg/day (TAM) in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) positive or ER unknown advanced breast cancer and assess factors predicting treatment outcome.	Toremifene	60-70	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	172-174
10573106-1	1999	Meta-analysis of all clinical data was conducted to compare toremifene 40-60 mg/day (TOR) with tamoxifen 20-40 mg/day (TAM) in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) positive or ER unknown advanced breast cancer and assess factors predicting treatment outcome.	Toremifene	85-88	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	153-170
10573106-1	1999	Meta-analysis of all clinical data was conducted to compare toremifene 40-60 mg/day (TOR) with tamoxifen 20-40 mg/day (TAM) in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) positive or ER unknown advanced breast cancer and assess factors predicting treatment outcome.	Toremifene	85-88	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	172-174
10329624-7	1999	We conclude that Tor phosphorylates Tap42 and that phosphorylated Tap42 effectively competes with Cdc55/Tpd3 for binding to the phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit.	Toremifene	17-20	Tap42p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	36-41
10329624-7	1999	We conclude that Tor phosphorylates Tap42 and that phosphorylated Tap42 effectively competes with Cdc55/Tpd3 for binding to the phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit.	Toremifene	17-20	protein phosphatase 2A structural subunit TPD3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	104-108
10352680-0	1999	Effects of tamoxifen and toremifene on ALDH1 and ALDH3 in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and rat liver.	Toremifene	25-35	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1	Homo sapiens	39-44
10353311-5	1999	Tamoxifen and toremifene caused a smaller increase in uterine weight and the BrdU labeling index in the endometrial stroma and myometrium than did estradiol, and they increased the expression of nERalpha and nPR in the myometrium.	Toremifene	14-24	neuronal pentraxin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	208-211
10375015-10	1999	In contrast, the antiestrogens tamoxifen and toremifene which inhibit MCF-7 cell growth in vivo and in vitro did not inhibit estrogen effect but induced VEGF mRNA expression when used alone.	Toremifene	45-55	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	153-157
10375015-13	1999	In addition, the antiestrogens tamoxifen and toremifene also increased VEGF expression.	Toremifene	45-55	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	71-75
10352680-0	1999	Effects of tamoxifen and toremifene on ALDH1 and ALDH3 in human retinal pigment epithelial cells and rat liver.	Toremifene	25-35	aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A1	Homo sapiens	49-54
9871429-9	1998	CONCLUSIONS: Rifampin markedly reduces the plasma concentrations of tamoxifen and toremifene by inducing their CYP3A4-mediated metabolism.	Toremifene	82-92	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	111-117
9743209-2	1998	In activated T cells, however, toremifene and tamoxifen increase the surface expression of tumour necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNF-R2).	Toremifene	31-41	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	91-124
9868742-3	1998	In the present study the effects of tamoxifen, toremifene and chloroquine on the activity of two lysosomal enzymes (cathepsin D and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) in the retinal pigment epithelial cells were studied.	Toremifene	47-57	cathepsin D	Sus scrofa	116-127
9868742-8	1998	Cathepsin D and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase showed different sensitivities to tamoxifen, toremifene and chloroquine.	Toremifene	93-103	cathepsin D	Sus scrofa	0-11
9868742-9	1998	The main lysosomal protease cathepsin D was more sensitive than N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase to the effects of tamoxifen and toremifene, possibly due to their antioestrogenic properties.	Toremifene	128-138	cathepsin D	Sus scrofa	28-39
9716605-11	1998	TAM, ICI, and, to a lesser extent, 4HTAM and TOR triggered apoptosis in both ER-alpha-positive as well as ER-alpha-negative MM cell lines and patient MM cells, evidenced both by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis using propidium iodide staining and the TUNEL assay.	Toremifene	45-48	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-85
9716605-11	1998	TAM, ICI, and, to a lesser extent, 4HTAM and TOR triggered apoptosis in both ER-alpha-positive as well as ER-alpha-negative MM cell lines and patient MM cells, evidenced both by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis using propidium iodide staining and the TUNEL assay.	Toremifene	45-48	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	106-114
9743209-2	1998	In activated T cells, however, toremifene and tamoxifen increase the surface expression of tumour necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNF-R2).	Toremifene	31-41	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	126-132
9743209-5	1998	In activated T cells toremifene clearly inhibits phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced JNK activity, suggesting that the JNK pathway may also be involved in the up-regulation of TNF-R2 expression by antioestrogens.	Toremifene	21-31	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	95-98
9743209-5	1998	In activated T cells toremifene clearly inhibits phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced JNK activity, suggesting that the JNK pathway may also be involved in the up-regulation of TNF-R2 expression by antioestrogens.	Toremifene	21-31	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	129-132
9743209-5	1998	In activated T cells toremifene clearly inhibits phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced JNK activity, suggesting that the JNK pathway may also be involved in the up-regulation of TNF-R2 expression by antioestrogens.	Toremifene	21-31	TNF receptor superfamily member 1B	Homo sapiens	186-192
9743209-7	1998	The inhibitory effects of toremifene on the JNK pathway demonstrates that antioestrogens can influence not only cell growth, but also a variety of other cellular responses by inhibiting protein kinase C (PKC).	Toremifene	26-36	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	44-47
9744569-3	1998	With respect to GSTA1 suppression, tamoxifen, fixed-ring tamoxifen, 4-iodotamoxifen, idoxifene, and toremifene were all potent suppressors of GSTA1, while ethylated fixed-ring tamoxifen and pyrrolidino-tamoxifen were completely without activity.	Toremifene	100-110	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Homo sapiens	142-147
9744569-6	1998	Because ethylated fixed-ring tamoxifen, toremifene, and 4-iodotamoxifen had differential activities in the two assays, we conclude that CYPIIB2 induction and GSTA1 suppression by triphenylethylenes are the result of two separate and distinct mechanistic pathways.	Toremifene	40-50	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	136-143
21223440-10	1998	In addition, toremifene can chemosensitize estrogen receptor-negative tumors, reverse multidrug resistance, and affect tamoxifen-resistant tumors.	Toremifene	13-23	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	43-60
9725052-9	1998	In conclusion, the addition of high-dose TOR to CAF therapy might be useful for advanced/recurrent breast cancer.	Toremifene	41-44	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	48-51
9647778-8	1998	alpha 4 shares 37% sequence homology with Tap42, an S. cerevisiae protein that has been reported to associate with PP2A and Sit4 (yeast homolog of PP6) and comprises a regulatory component in the rapamycin-sensitive Tor signalling pathway.	Toremifene	216-219	alpha-Tubulin at 67C	Drosophila melanogaster	0-7
9647778-8	1998	alpha 4 shares 37% sequence homology with Tap42, an S. cerevisiae protein that has been reported to associate with PP2A and Sit4 (yeast homolog of PP6) and comprises a regulatory component in the rapamycin-sensitive Tor signalling pathway.	Toremifene	216-219	Two A-associated protein of 42kDa	Drosophila melanogaster	42-47
9647778-8	1998	alpha 4 shares 37% sequence homology with Tap42, an S. cerevisiae protein that has been reported to associate with PP2A and Sit4 (yeast homolog of PP6) and comprises a regulatory component in the rapamycin-sensitive Tor signalling pathway.	Toremifene	216-219	type 2A-related serine/threonine-protein phosphatase SIT4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	124-128
9647778-8	1998	alpha 4 shares 37% sequence homology with Tap42, an S. cerevisiae protein that has been reported to associate with PP2A and Sit4 (yeast homolog of PP6) and comprises a regulatory component in the rapamycin-sensitive Tor signalling pathway.	Toremifene	216-219	Protein phosphatase V	Drosophila melanogaster	147-150
9710954-7	1998	Both TOR and TAM promoted formation of DEN-initiated HCCs.	Toremifene	5-8	holocytochrome c synthase	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
9366900-7	1997	However, in vitro, using human, rat or mouse liver microsomal preparations, NADPH-dependent binding of both toremifene and tamoxifen to calf thymus DNA could be demonstrated, suggesting that under favourable circumstances toremifene is capable of undergoing conversion to reactive intermediates.	Toremifene	108-118	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	76-81
9605415-4	1998	EM-652 is 20x more potent than ICI 164384 and Droloxifene while it is 400 times more potent than Toremifene in displacing [3H]E2 from the rat uterine estrogen receptor.	Toremifene	97-107	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	150-167
9448099-0	1997	Anti-proliferative effect of toremifene and tamoxifen on estrogen receptor-lacking anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines.	Toremifene	29-39	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	57-74
9657010-14	1998	CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, we consider the addition of high-dose toremifene to the CAF therapy to be useful in the treatment of advanced and recurrent breast cancer.	Toremifene	75-85	lysine acetyltransferase 2B	Homo sapiens	93-96
9556785-1	1998	Toremifene (Fareston) received FDA approval in 1997 for the first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or -unknown metastatic breast cancer.	Toremifene	0-10	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-127
9556785-1	1998	Toremifene (Fareston) received FDA approval in 1997 for the first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or -unknown metastatic breast cancer.	Toremifene	0-10	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-131
9556785-1	1998	Toremifene (Fareston) received FDA approval in 1997 for the first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or -unknown metastatic breast cancer.	Toremifene	12-20	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	110-127
9556785-1	1998	Toremifene (Fareston) received FDA approval in 1997 for the first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or -unknown metastatic breast cancer.	Toremifene	12-20	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	129-131
9342556-17	1997	Although toremifene decreases antithrombin III levels slightly, the incidence of thromboembolic complications is low.	Toremifene	9-19	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	30-46
9366900-7	1997	However, in vitro, using human, rat or mouse liver microsomal preparations, NADPH-dependent binding of both toremifene and tamoxifen to calf thymus DNA could be demonstrated, suggesting that under favourable circumstances toremifene is capable of undergoing conversion to reactive intermediates.	Toremifene	222-232	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	76-81
9279356-2	1997	In case 1, high-dose toremifene (120 mg/day) and 5"-DFUR were administered to a forty-seven-year-old woman with lung metastasis of estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer, who had been previously treated with polychemotherapy and tamoxifen.	Toremifene	21-31	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-148
9165502-6	1997	In studies in which toremifene was used as first-line therapy in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or ER-unknown tumors, response rates to doses of 40 to 60 mg/day ranged from 30% to 54%.	Toremifene	20-30	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-96
9165502-6	1997	In studies in which toremifene was used as first-line therapy in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or ER-unknown tumors, response rates to doses of 40 to 60 mg/day ranged from 30% to 54%.	Toremifene	20-30	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	98-100
9165502-6	1997	In studies in which toremifene was used as first-line therapy in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or ER-unknown tumors, response rates to doses of 40 to 60 mg/day ranged from 30% to 54%.	Toremifene	20-30	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	114-116
9165504-10	1997	Toremifene, in doses up to 240 mg/d, is an effective, safe treatment for postmenopausal women with ER-positive/unknown advanced breast cancer.	Toremifene	0-10	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	99-101
8806785-3	1996	When NADPH is used as electron donor with a reconstituted system composed of d-OR and P450c17, the addition of t-OR, flavodoxin, or cytochrome c inhibited the rate of formation of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.	Toremifene	111-115	cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	86-93
9066633-0	1997	Immunotherapy of the SL2-5 murine lymphoma with natural killer cells and tamoxifen or toremifene.	Toremifene	86-96	matrix metallopeptidase 10	Mus musculus	21-26
8759619-1	1996	Tamoxifen (TX) and toremifene (TO) enhanced the lysis of P815 mastocytoma cells in vitro by syngeneic DBA2 spleen cells that have been activated by human recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 6 days (lymphokine-activated killer [LAK] cells).	Toremifene	19-29	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	166-179
8899431-2	1996	After three weeks of exposure of R3230AC hosting rats to therapeutical oral doses of toremifene distinct changes in steroid receptors, P-glycoprotein, p53 and Bc1-2 expression and protein S100 levels occurred, which may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of action of this antiestrogen.	Toremifene	85-95	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	151-154
8899431-2	1996	After three weeks of exposure of R3230AC hosting rats to therapeutical oral doses of toremifene distinct changes in steroid receptors, P-glycoprotein, p53 and Bc1-2 expression and protein S100 levels occurred, which may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of action of this antiestrogen.	Toremifene	85-95	brain cytoplasmic RNA 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-164
8759619-1	1996	Tamoxifen (TX) and toremifene (TO) enhanced the lysis of P815 mastocytoma cells in vitro by syngeneic DBA2 spleen cells that have been activated by human recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 6 days (lymphokine-activated killer [LAK] cells).	Toremifene	19-29	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	181-185
8759619-1	1996	Tamoxifen (TX) and toremifene (TO) enhanced the lysis of P815 mastocytoma cells in vitro by syngeneic DBA2 spleen cells that have been activated by human recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 6 days (lymphokine-activated killer [LAK] cells).	Toremifene	19-29	interleukin 2	Homo sapiens	199-209
8693287-5	1996	Anti-oestrogens, tamoxifen and toremifene, stimulated overall cytokine production on a B-cell line (Ball), whereas on a T-cell line (Molt-4) tamoxifen stimulated IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IFN-gamma production and toremifene inhibited it.	Toremifene	31-41	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	162-171
8693287-5	1996	Anti-oestrogens, tamoxifen and toremifene, stimulated overall cytokine production on a B-cell line (Ball), whereas on a T-cell line (Molt-4) tamoxifen stimulated IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IFN-gamma production and toremifene inhibited it.	Toremifene	31-41	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	173-177
8693287-5	1996	Anti-oestrogens, tamoxifen and toremifene, stimulated overall cytokine production on a B-cell line (Ball), whereas on a T-cell line (Molt-4) tamoxifen stimulated IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IFN-gamma production and toremifene inhibited it.	Toremifene	31-41	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	182-191
7579504-1	1995	In pre-clinical and limited clinical studies, high doses ( > or = 200 mg/day) of the triphenylethylene derivative toremifene showed activity in estrogen receptor (ER) negative and ER-unknown metastatic breast cancer after progression on tamoxifen, and a mechanism of action independent of hormone receptor binding was speculated.	Toremifene	117-127	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-164
8636753-10	1996	Both tamoxifen and toremifene decreased the Lp(a) concentration significantly (change, 34% v 41%).	Toremifene	19-29	lipoprotein(a)	Homo sapiens	44-49
8695221-6	1996	In contrast, the level of ERBB2 mRNA and protein in cell lysates was not stimulated, but was transiently suppressed by toremifene.	Toremifene	119-129	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	26-31
8695221-9	1996	These results show that shedding of ECD is an additional level of regulation of ERBB2 by the anti-oestrogen toremifene.	Toremifene	108-118	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	80-85
21153283-0	1996	Toremifene, a novel antiestrogen, can overcome hsp27-induced drug resistance in human breast cancer cells.	Toremifene	0-10	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	47-52
21153283-4	1996	Flow cytometry analysis indicated that wells exposed to both toremifene and doxorubicin accumulate at G2 + M. Protective effects of hsp27 were overcome by addition of an estrogen antagonist at clinically nontoxic levels.	Toremifene	61-71	heat shock protein family B (small) member 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
7579504-1	1995	In pre-clinical and limited clinical studies, high doses ( > or = 200 mg/day) of the triphenylethylene derivative toremifene showed activity in estrogen receptor (ER) negative and ER-unknown metastatic breast cancer after progression on tamoxifen, and a mechanism of action independent of hormone receptor binding was speculated.	Toremifene	117-127	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	166-168
7553677-0	1995	Influence of different combinations of tamoxifen and toremifene on estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines.	Toremifene	53-63	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	67-84
7579504-1	1995	In pre-clinical and limited clinical studies, high doses ( > or = 200 mg/day) of the triphenylethylene derivative toremifene showed activity in estrogen receptor (ER) negative and ER-unknown metastatic breast cancer after progression on tamoxifen, and a mechanism of action independent of hormone receptor binding was speculated.	Toremifene	117-127	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	183-185
7579504-1	1995	In pre-clinical and limited clinical studies, high doses ( > or = 200 mg/day) of the triphenylethylene derivative toremifene showed activity in estrogen receptor (ER) negative and ER-unknown metastatic breast cancer after progression on tamoxifen, and a mechanism of action independent of hormone receptor binding was speculated.	Toremifene	117-127	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	292-308
7579504-2	1995	The CALGB conducted a Phase II trial (CALGB 8945) to test the efficacy of high dose toremifene in a population of patients who had hormone receptor-negative, metastatic breast cancer with limited prior chemotherapy exposure, good performance status, and measurable disease.	Toremifene	84-94	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	131-147
8204106-8	1994	Compounds such as cyclosporin, triacetyl-oleandomycin and testosterone inhibited the N-demethylation of toremifene metabolism at 80, 89 and 56% vs control, respectively, while the formation of TOR III was inhibited at 78, 82 and 73% vs control and the 4-hydroxylation pathway was inhibited no more than about 50% vs control.	Toremifene	104-114	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	193-196
7914405-5	1994	Antiestrogens such as tamoxifen, metabolites of tamoxifen (4-hydroxytamoxifen and N-desmethyltamoxifen), droloxifen, and toremifene stimulated the Pgp ATPase activity, and the maximum stimulation obtained with these agents equalled the maximal stimulation obtained by the best known MDR chemosensitizer, verapamil.	Toremifene	121-131	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
7914886-4	1994	The resistance was reversed by addition of toremifene in a dose-dependent manner in K562/D1-9, while toremifene had no effect in K562.	Toremifene	43-53	leiomodin 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
7914886-5	1994	DNR accumulation was also reversed by toremifene in K562/D1-9, but not in K562.	Toremifene	38-48	leiomodin 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
8155388-8	1994	SHBG increased significantly at both doses of TOR, probably due to a direct oestrogen-like effect of TOR in the liver.	Toremifene	46-49	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	0-4
8262671-0	1994	Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in chemically induced and toremifene-treated mammary tumors in rats.	Toremifene	64-74	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-28
8262671-1	1994	Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (NCR) activity of microsomes from liver, lungs, uterus and mammary tumors in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced and toremifene-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats were studied.	Toremifene	183-193	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	39-70
8262671-1	1994	Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (NCR) activity of microsomes from liver, lungs, uterus and mammary tumors in dimethylbenzanthracene-induced and toremifene-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats were studied.	Toremifene	183-193	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	72-75
8155388-8	1994	SHBG increased significantly at both doses of TOR, probably due to a direct oestrogen-like effect of TOR in the liver.	Toremifene	101-104	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	0-4
8155388-10	1994	The TRH-induced PRL release was suppressed by both doses of TOR.	Toremifene	60-63	prolactin	Homo sapiens	16-19
1680817-6	1991	The anti-estrogens toremifene and tamoxifen inhibited estrogen induction of pS2 expression, down-regulation of erbB2 expression and proliferation of the ZR-75-I cells in a concentration-dependent manner.	Toremifene	19-29	taste 2 receptor member 64 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	76-79
8407000-0	1993	Mitotic activity, apoptosis and TRPM-2 mRNA expression in DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma treated with anti-estrogen toremifene.	Toremifene	120-130	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-38
8407000-9	1993	In toremifene-treated tumors, A/V INDEX was strongly correlated with TRPM-2-gene expression, which was also enhanced when compared with the controls.	Toremifene	3-13	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	69-75
8350365-12	1993	Elevated levels of TRPM-2 and TGF beta 1 mRNAs were observed in in vitro or in vivo grown tumor cells treated with 5-10 microM toremifene.	Toremifene	127-137	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	30-40
8350365-14	1993	The steady-state level of pS2 mRNA in the tumor cells dropped in response to either toremifene treatment or estrogen withdrawal.	Toremifene	84-94	taste 2 receptor member 64 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	26-29
8350365-16	1993	The higher than normal amounts of TRPM-2 and TGF beta 1 protein that would likely result from the elevated levels of TRPM-2 and TGF beta 1 mRNAs measured in these cells after toremifene treatment may have an important role in the growth inhibition process.	Toremifene	175-185	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	45-55
8350365-16	1993	The higher than normal amounts of TRPM-2 and TGF beta 1 protein that would likely result from the elevated levels of TRPM-2 and TGF beta 1 mRNAs measured in these cells after toremifene treatment may have an important role in the growth inhibition process.	Toremifene	175-185	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	128-138
7685615-4	1993	Toremifene and tamoxifen would therefore appear to be good candidates for in vivo studies as MDR modulating agents in selected patients with P-glycoprotein-positive tumours.	Toremifene	0-10	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	141-155
8339385-7	1993	However, the ER levels in the toremifene-alone group and the no-treatment group (no toremifene or estradiol) tended to increase as compared with the estradiol-alone group.	Toremifene	30-40	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	13-15
8339385-7	1993	However, the ER levels in the toremifene-alone group and the no-treatment group (no toremifene or estradiol) tended to increase as compared with the estradiol-alone group.	Toremifene	84-94	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	13-15
8339385-8	1993	Toremifene blocked the estradiol-induced increase in progesterone receptor levels in a dose-dependent fashion.	Toremifene	0-10	progesterone receptor	Mus musculus	53-74
8339385-9	1993	Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in the MCF-7 tumors significantly decreased in the toremifene-alone group as compared with the estradiol-alone group.	Toremifene	95-105	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	0-28
8339385-9	1993	Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in the MCF-7 tumors significantly decreased in the toremifene-alone group as compared with the estradiol-alone group.	Toremifene	95-105	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	30-35
8518026-3	1993	A substantial (14- to 39-fold) enhancement of vinblastine toxicity to highly multidrug-resistant (MCF-7Adr) cells expressing P-glycoprotein was also observed in the presence of tamoxifen, toremifene and their metabolites, while m-amsacrine, cisplatin and melphalan toxicity was unaffected.	Toremifene	188-198	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	125-139
1533964-6	1992	Both TAM and TOR caused a slight reduction in cytosolic estrogen receptor protein after 1 month and significant reductions at 3 months.	Toremifene	13-16	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	56-73
1533964-7	1992	The nuclear estrogen receptor (nER) protein levels were significantly increased at 1 and 3 months for TAM and TOR; whereas DES treatment resulted in nER levels no different than controls.	Toremifene	110-113	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	12-29
1680817-6	1991	The anti-estrogens toremifene and tamoxifen inhibited estrogen induction of pS2 expression, down-regulation of erbB2 expression and proliferation of the ZR-75-I cells in a concentration-dependent manner.	Toremifene	19-29	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	111-116
1680817-10	1991	Concomitant administration of toremifene or tamoxifen increased erbB2 mRNA and abolished pS2 mRNA.	Toremifene	30-40	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	64-69
1680817-10	1991	Concomitant administration of toremifene or tamoxifen increased erbB2 mRNA and abolished pS2 mRNA.	Toremifene	30-40	taste 2 receptor member 64 pseudogene	Homo sapiens	89-92
2143180-6	1990	Toremifene had less ER-unmediated effect in all of the cells tested than tamoxifen did.	Toremifene	0-10	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	20-22
1835818-0	1991	Induction of transforming growth factor beta by the antiestrogens droloxifene, tamoxifen, and toremifene in MCF-7 cells.	Toremifene	94-104	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	13-44
1835818-2	1991	We have now compared the antiestrogens tamoxifen, droloxifene (3-hydroxytamoxifen), and toremifene in their ability to induce the secretion of autoinhibitory TGF beta by MCF-7 cells.	Toremifene	88-98	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	158-166
1835818-4	1991	A 5-10 times higher concentration of tamoxifen or toremifene than droloxifene is necessary to reach a similar induction of TGF beta secretion.	Toremifene	50-60	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	123-131
2147123-0	1990	Predictive value of tumor estrogen and progesterone receptor levels in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer treated with toremifene.	Toremifene	133-143	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	39-60
2142233-2	1990	The ability of toremifene to compete with [3H]estradiol for cytoplasmic estrogen receptor from rat uterus was similar to tamoxifen, the IC50 being 26 and 23 microM respectively.	Toremifene	15-25	estrogen receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-89
2142236-6	1990	These hormonal changes including the increase of SHBG at the dose levels of 220-680 mg and the decrease of antithrombin III (220-680 mg) may be attributed to a weak estrogen-like effect of toremifene.	Toremifene	189-199	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	107-123
2143180-7	1990	The ER-mediated effect of toremifene was weaker than that of tamoxifen in cell lines but was equipotent to tamoxifen in fresh cells.	Toremifene	26-36	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	4-6
34266355-0	2022	Modulation of PTZ-induced convulsions in rats using topiramate alone or combined with low dose gamma irradiation: Involving AKT/m-TOR pathway.	Toremifene	130-133	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-127
25395200-2	2015	We assessed the effect of tamoxifen, raloxifene and toremifene and their combinations with lovastatin on LDL receptor activity in lymphocytes from normolipidaemic and familial hypercholesterolaemic (FH) subjects, and human HepG2 hepatocytes and MOLT-4 lymphoblasts.	Toremifene	52-62	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	105-117
25395200-4	2015	KEY RESULTS: Tamoxifen, toremifene and raloxifene, in this order, stimulated DiI-LDL uptake by lymphocytes by inhibiting LDL-derived cholesterol trafficking and subsequent down-regulation of LDL receptor expression.	Toremifene	24-34	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	191-203
34492164-4	2022	Using this strain, we investigated the effect of a decrease in ceramide synthesis on TOR complex 2 (TORC2)-Ypk1 signaling, which senses the complex sphingolipid level at the plasma membrane and promotes sphingolipid biosynthesis.	Toremifene	85-88	serine/threonine protein kinase YPK1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	107-111
34266355-1	2022	CONCLUSIONS: The positive effects of LDR could offer a possible contributor in management of convulsions due to modulation of AkT/m-TOR signalling pathway, reduction of oxidative stress and modulation of brain amino acids.	Toremifene	132-135	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-129
34715135-10	2021	Mechanistic experiments have shown that blocking the Akt/m-TOR signal pathway plays a crucial role in autophagy and G-quadruplex induced telomere dysfunction.	Toremifene	59-62	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
34957551-10	2022	These findings suggested that CYP2D6 gene polymorphism played a significant role in predicting liver dysfunction, gynecological diseases and lipid metabolism changes among patients taking tamoxifen or toremifene.	Toremifene	201-211	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	30-36
34087391-0	2021	Nano-ivabradine averts behavioral anomalies in Huntington"s disease rat model via modulating Rhes/m-tor pathway.	Toremifene	100-103	RASD family, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
34957551-0	2022	Comparison of adverse drug reactions between tamoxifen and toremifene in breast cancer patients with different CYP2D6 genotypes: a propensity-score matched cohort study.	Toremifene	59-69	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	111-117
34957551-2	2022	However, it had never been reported whether the adverse drug reactions vary by CYP2D6 metabolic status for patients treated with tamoxifen or toremifene.	Toremifene	142-152	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	79-85
34196110-0	2022	Chinese breast cancer patients with CYP2D6*10 mutant genotypes have a better prognosis with toremifene than with tamoxifen.	Toremifene	92-102	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	36-42
34288923-4	2021	In a C. elegans loss-of-function mutant for daf-18, primordial germ cells (PGCs) divide inappropriately in L1 larvae hatched into starvation conditions, in a TOR-dependent manner.	Toremifene	158-161	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase daf-18	Caenorhabditis elegans	44-50
34265069-6	2021	Estradiol (E2) and the clinically used selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene increased miR-486 in undifferentiated and differentiated myoblast cell line C2C12 and E2-inducible expression correlated with direct binding of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) to the regulatory region of miR-486 gene.	Toremifene	77-87	microRNA 486	Mus musculus	98-105
34265069-6	2021	Estradiol (E2) and the clinically used selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene increased miR-486 in undifferentiated and differentiated myoblast cell line C2C12 and E2-inducible expression correlated with direct binding of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) to the regulatory region of miR-486 gene.	Toremifene	77-87	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	232-255
34265069-6	2021	Estradiol (E2) and the clinically used selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene increased miR-486 in undifferentiated and differentiated myoblast cell line C2C12 and E2-inducible expression correlated with direct binding of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) to the regulatory region of miR-486 gene.	Toremifene	77-87	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	257-264
34265069-6	2021	Estradiol (E2) and the clinically used selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene increased miR-486 in undifferentiated and differentiated myoblast cell line C2C12 and E2-inducible expression correlated with direct binding of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) to the regulatory region of miR-486 gene.	Toremifene	77-87	microRNA 486	Mus musculus	294-301
34265069-7	2021	E2 and toremifene reduced the actions of cytokines such as myostatin, TGFbeta and TNFalpha, which mediate cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting.	Toremifene	7-17	myostatin	Homo sapiens	59-68
34265069-7	2021	E2 and toremifene reduced the actions of cytokines such as myostatin, TGFbeta and TNFalpha, which mediate cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting.	Toremifene	7-17	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	70-77
34265069-7	2021	E2 and toremifene reduced the actions of cytokines such as myostatin, TGFbeta and TNFalpha, which mediate cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting.	Toremifene	7-17	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	82-90
34265069-8	2021	E2 and toremifene treated C2C12 myoblast/myotube cells contained elevated levels of active AKT with corresponding decrease in the levels of its negative regulator PTEN, which is a target of miR-486.	Toremifene	7-17	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	91-94
34265069-8	2021	E2 and toremifene treated C2C12 myoblast/myotube cells contained elevated levels of active AKT with corresponding decrease in the levels of its negative regulator PTEN, which is a target of miR-486.	Toremifene	7-17	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	163-167
34265069-8	2021	E2 and toremifene treated C2C12 myoblast/myotube cells contained elevated levels of active AKT with corresponding decrease in the levels of its negative regulator PTEN, which is a target of miR-486.	Toremifene	7-17	microRNA 486	Mus musculus	190-197
34196110-5	2022	RESULTS: In total, 293 estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen or toremifene between 2008 and 2017 were studied.	Toremifene	99-109	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	23-40
35150821-5	2022	Functional studies verified that the endocytosis-related genes CAP1 and END3 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced the accumulation of the harmful nitrogen metabolite precursor urea by regulating amino acid transporters and TOR pathway.	Toremifene	276-279	Cap1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
35150821-5	2022	Functional studies verified that the endocytosis-related genes CAP1 and END3 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced the accumulation of the harmful nitrogen metabolite precursor urea by regulating amino acid transporters and TOR pathway.	Toremifene	276-279	End3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
35150821-6	2022	The mitochondria-related gene ATP12, MRPL22, MRP1 and NAM9 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced accumulation of the urea by coordinately regulating nitrogen catabolism repression, Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p signaling sensor system, amino acid transporters, TOR pathway and urea metabolism-related pathways.	Toremifene	301-304	ATP synthase complex assembly protein ATP12	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-35
35150821-6	2022	The mitochondria-related gene ATP12, MRPL22, MRP1 and NAM9 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced accumulation of the urea by coordinately regulating nitrogen catabolism repression, Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p signaling sensor system, amino acid transporters, TOR pathway and urea metabolism-related pathways.	Toremifene	301-304	mitochondrial 54S ribosomal protein YmL22	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-43
35150821-6	2022	The mitochondria-related gene ATP12, MRPL22, MRP1 and NAM9 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced accumulation of the urea by coordinately regulating nitrogen catabolism repression, Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p signaling sensor system, amino acid transporters, TOR pathway and urea metabolism-related pathways.	Toremifene	301-304	mitochondrial 37S ribosomal protein MRP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	45-49
35150821-6	2022	The mitochondria-related gene ATP12, MRPL22, MRP1 and NAM9 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced accumulation of the urea by coordinately regulating nitrogen catabolism repression, Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p signaling sensor system, amino acid transporters, TOR pathway and urea metabolism-related pathways.	Toremifene	301-304	mitochondrial 37S ribosomal protein NAM9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-58
35150821-6	2022	The mitochondria-related gene ATP12, MRPL22, MRP1 and NAM9 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced accumulation of the urea by coordinately regulating nitrogen catabolism repression, Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p signaling sensor system, amino acid transporters, TOR pathway and urea metabolism-related pathways.	Toremifene	301-304	Ssy1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	233-238
35150821-6	2022	The mitochondria-related gene ATP12, MRPL22, MRP1 and NAM9 significantly increased the utilization of multiple non-preferred amino acids and reduced accumulation of the urea by coordinately regulating nitrogen catabolism repression, Ssy1p-Ptr3p-Ssy5p signaling sensor system, amino acid transporters, TOR pathway and urea metabolism-related pathways.	Toremifene	301-304	Ptr3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	239-244
35134324-6	2022	Mechanistically, fat mutant cells upregulate Yki-target microRNA bantam, which elevates protein synthesis levels via activation of TOR signaling.	Toremifene	131-134	yorkie	Drosophila melanogaster	45-48
35627133-6	2022	It shows that Bud27 influences different TOR-dependent processes.	Toremifene	41-44	Bud27p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	14-19
35627133-7	2022	Our data also suggest that Bud27 can impact some of these TOR-dependent processes: cell wall integrity and autophagy induction.	Toremifene	58-61	Bud27p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-32
35305671-17	2022	Last but not least, combination treatment suppresses PI3K/Akt/m-TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	64-67	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	58-61
2419713-4	1985	At least additive effect was evident when the cells were exposed to combination of interferons and toremifene: the combination was additive with interferon gamma + toremifene and synergistic with interferon alpha + toremifene.	Toremifene	99-109	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	145-161
2941177-9	1986	Murine uterine sarcoma, an estrogen receptor-negative tumor, was resistant to tamoxifen, but was statistically significantly inhibited by high doses (100 and 200 mg/kg-1 day-1 for 5 days) of Fc-1157a.	Toremifene	191-199	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	27-44
33741414-13	2021	We also suggest that the AKT-m-TOR pathway can play an important role in these beneficial outcomes of RET on the CKD animal model.	Toremifene	31-34	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-28
32886512-3	2020	The selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) toremifene was previously identified from a screen of FDA-approved drugs as a potent EBOV viral entry inhibitor, via binding to EBOV glycoprotein (GP).	Toremifene	49-59	ring finger protein 130	Homo sapiens	196-198
33751406-1	2021	Estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists, such as tamoxifen and toremifene, are widely used as adjuvant therapies for ER-positive breast cancer.	Toremifene	58-68	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-17
33751406-1	2021	Estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists, such as tamoxifen and toremifene, are widely used as adjuvant therapies for ER-positive breast cancer.	Toremifene	58-68	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-21
33751406-1	2021	Estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists, such as tamoxifen and toremifene, are widely used as adjuvant therapies for ER-positive breast cancer.	Toremifene	58-68	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	112-114
33850054-0	2021	mTORC2 controls the activity of PKC and Akt by phosphorylating a conserved TOR interaction motif.	Toremifene	1-4	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	40-43
33398722-0	2021	Lactate regulates autophagy through ROS-mediated activation of ERK1/2/m-TOR/p-70S6K pathway in skeletal muscle.	Toremifene	72-75	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	63-69
33394033-4	2021	Sch9 is a phosphorylation target of TOR and well-known to affect nutrient-controlled cellular processes, such as growth rate.	Toremifene	36-39	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
33394033-8	2021	Our results reveal a nutrient transceptor-Sch9-TOR axis in which Sch9 accessibility for phosphorylation by TOR may be affected by nutrient transceptor-Sch9 interaction under conditions of nutrient starvation or other environmental challenges.	Toremifene	47-50	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	42-46
33394033-8	2021	Our results reveal a nutrient transceptor-Sch9-TOR axis in which Sch9 accessibility for phosphorylation by TOR may be affected by nutrient transceptor-Sch9 interaction under conditions of nutrient starvation or other environmental challenges.	Toremifene	47-50	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	65-69
33394033-8	2021	Our results reveal a nutrient transceptor-Sch9-TOR axis in which Sch9 accessibility for phosphorylation by TOR may be affected by nutrient transceptor-Sch9 interaction under conditions of nutrient starvation or other environmental challenges.	Toremifene	47-50	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	65-69
32907334-6	2020	Additionally, we found a strong interaction between toremifene and the methyltransferase non-structural protein (NSP) 14, which could be inhibitory to viral replication via its active site.	Toremifene	52-62	ORF1a polyprotein;ORF1ab polyprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	113-116
32907334-7	2020	These results suggest potential structural mechanisms for toremifene by blocking the spike protein and NSP14 of SARS-CoV-2, offering a drug candidate for COVID-19.	Toremifene	58-68	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	85-90
32356874-5	2020	Chemical inhibition of TOR signaling, which causes nutritional stress, results in Set1- and Set2-dependent APA.	Toremifene	23-26	histone methyltransferase SET1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-86
32920053-6	2020	Under starvation conditions, Ppt1 expression was significantly reduced by a TOR-independent pathway.	Toremifene	76-79	protein serine/threonine phosphatase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
32356874-5	2020	Chemical inhibition of TOR signaling, which causes nutritional stress, results in Set1- and Set2-dependent APA.	Toremifene	23-26	histone methyltransferase SET2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	92-96
32548453-6	2020	Tamoxifen and toremifene induced similar spectral changes in the cellular compositions of MCF7 cells and lead to the clustering of these two drugs in the same quadrant of the principal component 1 (PC1) versus PC2 score plots.	Toremifene	14-24	polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	Homo sapiens	210-213
29978573-0	2018	Toremifene, rather than tamoxifen, might be a better option for the adjuvant endocrine therapy in CYP2D6*10T/T genotype breast cancer patients in China.	Toremifene	0-10	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	98-104
31942587-7	2020	Analysis of MCF-7 cells treated with toremifene (a potent inhibitor of breast cancer cell growth) revealed that the content of miRNA-21 decreased by ca.	Toremifene	37-47	microRNA 21	Homo sapiens	127-135
31631173-5	2019	Western blot assay was used to study effects of carnosic acid on the PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	80-83	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	74-77
31631173-9	2019	Finally, western blot assay revealed that carnosic acid also led to inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	97-100	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	91-94
31550733-2	2019	The aim of the work was to study the possibilities of enhancing the therapeutic effect of anti-estrogen drug toremifene by combining it with biguanide, metformin, on the HER2-positive breast cancer model in FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mouse.	Toremifene	109-119	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	170-174
31550733-2	2019	The aim of the work was to study the possibilities of enhancing the therapeutic effect of anti-estrogen drug toremifene by combining it with biguanide, metformin, on the HER2-positive breast cancer model in FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mouse.	Toremifene	109-119	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Mus musculus	213-222
30734152-3	2019	Since the chlorine atom on the side chain of toremifene (TOR) prevents 4-hydroxylation by CYP2D6, its contribution to active conversion of TOR is minor.	Toremifene	45-55	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	90-96
30734152-3	2019	Since the chlorine atom on the side chain of toremifene (TOR) prevents 4-hydroxylation by CYP2D6, its contribution to active conversion of TOR is minor.	Toremifene	57-60	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	90-96
30734152-11	2019	Smoking status (p = 0.07) and the CYP2C19 phenotype (p = 0.07), but not the CYP2D6 genotype (p = 0.61), showed marginally significant effects on TOR activity.	Toremifene	145-148	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19	Homo sapiens	34-41
29978573-7	2018	For all of the 50 CYP2D6 *10 T/T genotype patients, TOR treatment group had a significantly higher 5-year DFS rate than TAM group (90.9% vs. 67.9%, p = 0.031).	Toremifene	52-55	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	18-24
29978573-9	2018	The advantage of adjuvant TOR over TAM in Chinese breast cancer patients might be caused by the significant benefit obtained by the CYP2D6 *10 T/T patients, who accounted for one-fifth of the overall population.	Toremifene	26-29	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	132-138
30274213-6	2018	And it was regulated by PI3K/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway.	Toremifene	35-38	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-32
30274213-7	2018	Taken together, this study provides evidence that autophagy and PI3K/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway are involved in regulating rats primary SCs cell-cycle arrest due to ZEA in vitro.	Toremifene	75-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
29454612-5	2018	Using western blots, we measured the phosphorylation of 4E-BP and S6K proteins, the main targets of TOR, following the in vitro exposure of PGs to brain extract containing PTTH (hereafter referred to as PTTH) and/or the inhibitors of MAPK (U0126), PI3K (LY294002) or TOR (rapamycin).	Toremifene	100-103	prothoracicotropic hormone	Bombyx mori	172-176
29383334-4	2018	Objective: To explore sex-dependent effects of toremifene on spontaneous 10-hour overnight GH secretion, followed by GH-releasing hormone-ghrelin stimulation.	Toremifene	47-57	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	91-93
29383334-9	2018	Results: Toremifene did not enhance pulsatile or stimulated GH secretion, but decreased IGF-I by 20% in men and women.	Toremifene	9-19	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	88-93
29383334-11	2018	Conclusions: The expected rise in spontaneous and stimulated GH secretion under the diminished negative feedback restraint of powered IGF-I favors a central inhibitory antiestrogenic effect of toremifene.	Toremifene	193-203	growth hormone 1	Homo sapiens	61-63
29383334-11	2018	Conclusions: The expected rise in spontaneous and stimulated GH secretion under the diminished negative feedback restraint of powered IGF-I favors a central inhibitory antiestrogenic effect of toremifene.	Toremifene	193-203	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	134-139
29383334-12	2018	Estrogenic effects of toremifene on the liver were present, as evidenced by increased IGFBP1 and SHBG levels.	Toremifene	22-32	insulin like growth factor binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	86-92
29383334-12	2018	Estrogenic effects of toremifene on the liver were present, as evidenced by increased IGFBP1 and SHBG levels.	Toremifene	22-32	sex hormone binding globulin	Homo sapiens	97-101
27303693-7	2016	Furthermore, deletion of MIG1 provoked a dysregulation in nutrient sensing via the TOR pathway and impacted the pathway for cell wall remodeling.	Toremifene	83-86	transcription factor MIG1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	25-29
27647936-11	2016	These results suggest that, during oxidative stress, TOR-Sch9 signaling might regulate PKA activity, and that post-translational modifications of hPDE3A are critical in its regulation of cellular recovery from oxidative stress.	Toremifene	53-56	serine/threonine protein kinase SCH9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	57-61
27760945-6	2016	IDO activitywas correlated with the number of metastatic lesions during toremifene and fulvestrant therapy.	Toremifene	72-82	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
26846624-9	2016	The role of Pub1p in life span control depends on nutrient conditions and is related with the TOR pathway, and a major connection between RNA metabolism and the nutrient signaling response is established.	Toremifene	94-97	Pub1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	12-17
26631730-7	2016	Last, calorie restriction countered changes in PEPCK-C and PK with age to elicit anti-aging effects via TOR inhibition.	Toremifene	104-107	Pyruvate kinase	Caenorhabditis elegans	59-61
28646136-7	2017	We linked this proteostatic defect to the lack of activity of the stress response transcription factor Msn2, potentially under conditions where the TOR pathway is active.	Toremifene	148-151	stress-responsive transcriptional activator MSN2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-107
28671087-0	2017	The effect analysis of CYP2D6 gene polymorphism in the toremifene and tamoxifen treatment in patient with breast cancer.	Toremifene	55-65	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	23-29
28671087-1	2017	The purpose of the present research work was to study the CYP2D6 gene polymorphism survival outcome after breast cancer patient received the toremifene and tamoxifen treatment.	Toremifene	141-151	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	58-64
28671087-11	2017	In summary, CYP2D6 gene polymorphism relates with the effect of toremifene and tamoxifen treatment in patient with ER positive breast cancer and null allele homozygote CYP2D6*10/*10 can lead to a poor prognosis.	Toremifene	64-74	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	12-18
28671087-11	2017	In summary, CYP2D6 gene polymorphism relates with the effect of toremifene and tamoxifen treatment in patient with ER positive breast cancer and null allele homozygote CYP2D6*10/*10 can lead to a poor prognosis.	Toremifene	64-74	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	168-174
27016735-7	2016	Abf1-RPG down-regulation upon TOR pathway inhibition was much attenuated at defective mutant promoters unable to bind Abf1.	Toremifene	30-33	DNA-binding protein ABF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
27016735-7	2016	Abf1-RPG down-regulation upon TOR pathway inhibition was much attenuated at defective mutant promoters unable to bind Abf1.	Toremifene	30-33	DNA-binding protein ABF1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	118-122
25762087-0	2015	Nano-Targeted Delivery of Toremifene, an Estrogen Receptor-alpha Blocker in Prostate Cancer.	Toremifene	26-36	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	41-64
26602014-3	2015	Toremifene is an anti-oestrogen agent, but possible further mechanisms of action in desmoids are related to its role in regulation of transforming growth factor-beta and beta-catenin pathways.	Toremifene	0-10	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	170-182
26423799-3	2015	In this study, we examined the role of individual cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in the metabolism of TOR to N-desmethyl (NDM), 4-hydroxy (4OH) and 4OH-NDM metabolites in comparison with TAM using human liver microsomes (HLMs) with selective chemical inhibitors for each CYP isoform and recombinant CYP proteins.	Toremifene	102-105	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	50-65
26423799-3	2015	In this study, we examined the role of individual cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in the metabolism of TOR to N-desmethyl (NDM), 4-hydroxy (4OH) and 4OH-NDM metabolites in comparison with TAM using human liver microsomes (HLMs) with selective chemical inhibitors for each CYP isoform and recombinant CYP proteins.	Toremifene	102-105	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	67-70
26423799-3	2015	In this study, we examined the role of individual cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in the metabolism of TOR to N-desmethyl (NDM), 4-hydroxy (4OH) and 4OH-NDM metabolites in comparison with TAM using human liver microsomes (HLMs) with selective chemical inhibitors for each CYP isoform and recombinant CYP proteins.	Toremifene	102-105	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	271-274
26423799-3	2015	In this study, we examined the role of individual cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms in the metabolism of TOR to N-desmethyl (NDM), 4-hydroxy (4OH) and 4OH-NDM metabolites in comparison with TAM using human liver microsomes (HLMs) with selective chemical inhibitors for each CYP isoform and recombinant CYP proteins.	Toremifene	102-105	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	271-274
25641578-2	2015	In cells grown in the presence of preferred nitrogen sources, Gln3 is phosphorylated in a TOR-dependent manner and localizes in the cytoplasm.	Toremifene	90-93	nitrogen-responsive transcriptional regulator GLN3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	62-66
25762087-2	2015	We propose that blocking of estrogen hormone binding to ERalpha using the ERalpha blocker toremifene will reduce the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer, and nano-targeted delivery of toremifene will improve anticancer efficacy.	Toremifene	90-100	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	56-63
25762087-2	2015	We propose that blocking of estrogen hormone binding to ERalpha using the ERalpha blocker toremifene will reduce the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer, and nano-targeted delivery of toremifene will improve anticancer efficacy.	Toremifene	90-100	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	74-81
25762087-7	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide evidence that blocking ERalpha by toremifene and targeting prostate cancer tissues with anti-PSMA antibody on the nanoparticles" surface repressed the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells in this mouse model.	Toremifene	64-74	estrogen receptor 1 (alpha)	Mus musculus	53-60
24440228-5	2014	In addition, we found that DAF-18/PTEN inhibits regeneration independently of age and FOXO signaling via the TOR pathway.	Toremifene	109-112	Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase daf-18	Caenorhabditis elegans	27-33
25132027-3	2014	Our study examined the efficacy of high-dose toremifene therapy(HD-TOR)in patients with MBC resistant to AIs.	Toremifene	45-55	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	67-70
22915089-0	2013	Role and pharmacologic significance of cytochrome P-450 2D6 in oxidative metabolism of toremifene and tamoxifen.	Toremifene	87-97	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	39-59
23904760-2	2013	The present retrospective study compared the efficacy and safety of toremifene and tamoxifen in the treatment of operable hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in premenopausal women.	Toremifene	68-78	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	122-138
23904760-13	2013	CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective study, the efficacy and safety profiles of toremifene and tamoxifen for the treatment of operable hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in premenopausal women were similar.	Toremifene	78-88	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	133-149
23604525-6	2013	Clomiphene, tamoxifen and toremifene were biotransformed to 22, 23 and 18 metabolites respectively, these phase I reactions being catalyzed mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms and, to a lesser degree, by CYP3A5, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 isoforms.	Toremifene	26-36	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	150-156
23604525-6	2013	Clomiphene, tamoxifen and toremifene were biotransformed to 22, 23 and 18 metabolites respectively, these phase I reactions being catalyzed mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms and, to a lesser degree, by CYP3A5, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 isoforms.	Toremifene	26-36	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	161-167
23604525-6	2013	Clomiphene, tamoxifen and toremifene were biotransformed to 22, 23 and 18 metabolites respectively, these phase I reactions being catalyzed mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms and, to a lesser degree, by CYP3A5, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 isoforms.	Toremifene	26-36	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 5	Homo sapiens	205-211
23604525-6	2013	Clomiphene, tamoxifen and toremifene were biotransformed to 22, 23 and 18 metabolites respectively, these phase I reactions being catalyzed mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms and, to a lesser degree, by CYP3A5, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 isoforms.	Toremifene	26-36	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6	Homo sapiens	213-219
23604525-6	2013	Clomiphene, tamoxifen and toremifene were biotransformed to 22, 23 and 18 metabolites respectively, these phase I reactions being catalyzed mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms and, to a lesser degree, by CYP3A5, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 isoforms.	Toremifene	26-36	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9	Homo sapiens	221-227
23604525-6	2013	Clomiphene, tamoxifen and toremifene were biotransformed to 22, 23 and 18 metabolites respectively, these phase I reactions being catalyzed mainly by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoforms and, to a lesser degree, by CYP3A5, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 isoforms.	Toremifene	26-36	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19	Homo sapiens	229-236
23939396-10	2013	Toremifene, an antiestrogen structurally similar to tamoxifen, was also a potent inhibitor of AC activity.	Toremifene	0-10	N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	94-96
23863727-1	2013	INTRODUCTION: Toremifene(TOR)is a selective estrogen receptor modulator(SERM).	Toremifene	14-24	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	25-28
23863651-3	2013	PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 120mg/day toremifene citrate(TOR-120)administered orally to 23 patients with recurrent breast cancer who were receiving or had received adjuvant AI therapy.	Toremifene	92-110	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	111-114
22915089-6	2013	The 4-OH and 4-OH-NDM metabolites of TOR and TAM bound to estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes with fourfold to 30-fold greater affinity were 35- to 187-fold more efficient at antagonizing ER transactivation and had antiestrogenic potency that was up to 360-fold greater than their parent drugs.	Toremifene	37-40	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	58-75
22915089-6	2013	The 4-OH and 4-OH-NDM metabolites of TOR and TAM bound to estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes with fourfold to 30-fold greater affinity were 35- to 187-fold more efficient at antagonizing ER transactivation and had antiestrogenic potency that was up to 360-fold greater than their parent drugs.	Toremifene	37-40	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	77-79
22915089-6	2013	The 4-OH and 4-OH-NDM metabolites of TOR and TAM bound to estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes with fourfold to 30-fold greater affinity were 35- to 187-fold more efficient at antagonizing ER transactivation and had antiestrogenic potency that was up to 360-fold greater than their parent drugs.	Toremifene	37-40	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	184-186
22982090-2	2013	The sestrin 2 gene, a p53-regulated member of the sestrins family, which lead to AMPK-dependent inhibition of TOR signaling, emerges as a novel player in autophagy induction.	Toremifene	110-113	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	4-13
22982090-2	2013	The sestrin 2 gene, a p53-regulated member of the sestrins family, which lead to AMPK-dependent inhibition of TOR signaling, emerges as a novel player in autophagy induction.	Toremifene	110-113	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	22-25
22538705-3	2012	The yeast Npr2/3 dimeric protein complex senses amino acid starvation and appropriately adjusts cell metabolism via the TOR pathway.	Toremifene	120-123	nitrogen permease regulating protein NPR2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	10-16
22918240-0	2012	TOR under stress: targeting TORC1 by Rho1 GTPase.	Toremifene	0-3	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	37-41
22308039-6	2012	In cells that express endogenous beta4, miR-29a expression is low and beta4 ligation facilitates the translation of SPARC through a TOR-dependent mechanism.	Toremifene	132-135	tubulin beta 3 class III	Homo sapiens	33-38
22790041-2	2012	The efficacy and safety of high-dose toremifene(HD-TOR)were evaluated in 18 patients with advanced/recurrent breast cancer.	Toremifene	37-47	RAR related orphan receptor C	Homo sapiens	51-54
22548922-0	2012	A comparison of survival outcomes and side effects of toremifene or tamoxifen therapy in premenopausal estrogen and progesterone receptor positive breast cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study.	Toremifene	54-64	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	116-137
22548922-3	2012	In this retrospective study, we sought to establish the role of toremifene as an endocrine therapy for premenopausal patients with estrogen and/or progesterone receptor positive breast cancer besides tamoxifen.	Toremifene	64-74	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	147-168
22308039-6	2012	In cells that express endogenous beta4, miR-29a expression is low and beta4 ligation facilitates the translation of SPARC through a TOR-dependent mechanism.	Toremifene	132-135	tubulin beta 3 class III	Homo sapiens	70-75
22308039-6	2012	In cells that express endogenous beta4, miR-29a expression is low and beta4 ligation facilitates the translation of SPARC through a TOR-dependent mechanism.	Toremifene	132-135	secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich	Homo sapiens	116-121
22278922-5	2012	In the germ line, rsks-1 promotes cell cycle progression and inhibits larval progenitor differentiation, promotes growth of adult tumors and requires a conserved TOR phosphorylation site.	Toremifene	162-165	Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta	Caenorhabditis elegans	18-24
22740857-18	2012	A longer duration of adjuvant AI therapy and negative HER2 overexpression may, with further studies, be beneficial as positive predictive factors for the effectiveness of TOR treatment.	Toremifene	171-174	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	54-58